套管换热器说明书中英文对照

四平市巨元换热设备有限公司
SIPING JUYUAN HEAT EXCHANGE EQUIPMENT CO., LTD.
套管式换热器
使用说明书
OPERATION MANUAC FOR JACKETED PIPE HEAT EXCHAN GER
四平市巨元换热设备有限公司
Siping Juyuan Heat Exchange Equipment Co., Ltd.
地址:吉林省四平市南环西路5号
Add:No5,Nanhuan West Road, Siping city, Jilin Province
电话: (0434) 3265455 3265740 3265841 巨元集团Tel: (0434) 3265455 3265740 3265841 JUYUAN GROUP 传真: (0434) 3265455 3265740
Fax: ( 0434) 3265455 3265740
邮编: 136000
套管式换热器使用说明书
JACKETED PIPE HEAT EXCHANGER OPERATION MANUAL
目录
Contents
1.概述 (1)
Brief Introduction
2.工作原理及结构特征 (1)
Structural Features And Working Principles
3.型号及其意义 (1)
Type And Indication
4.安装 (2)
Installation
5.试车 (2)
Trial Operation
6.使用与维护保养 (3)
Operation And Maintenance
7.受压原件的检验和水压试验 (4)
Inspection Of Pressurized Component And Hydraulic Test
8.故障与排除 (5)
Failure And Debugging
9.其它 (5)
Others
说明..................................................................................... (6)
Notes
四平市巨元换热设备有限公司. 巨元集团
1.概述
Brief Introduction
套管式换热器是冶金、化工、机械、能源、交通、轻工、食品、医药、供热等行业普遍采用的热交换设备，适用于冷却、冷凝、加热、蒸发、余热回收等不同工况。

由于套管式换热器结构坚固，使用弹性大、适应性强、耐高温、高压及高温差，故在门类众多的热交换设备中，套管式换热器仍居重要地位。

Jacketed pipe heat exchanger as the heat transfer equipment was widely adopted for the project of metallurgy, chemical industry, energy resources ,communications ,light industry ,foodstuff, pharmacy and etc .It was generally used for conditions of cooling, condensing, heating, evaporation , heat recovery and etc. Thanks to the Properties of its structural sturdiness, larger elasticity of operation, excellent suitability, high temperature, and pressure resistant, high Temperature difference, so it plays a very important part among the all types of heat transfer equipment.
我公司生产的套管式换热器的设计、制造、检验及验收均符合HG/T2650-95《钢制管式换热器》标准，系列产品的设计温度为0~350ºC，设计压力分别为0.6MPa,1.6MPa,和2.5MPa,4.0MPa。

Product design, fabrication, inspection and acceptance of jacketed heat exchanger which assembled by Sipping Juyuan Company conforms the standard requirements of HG/T2620-95<<Steel Tubulary Heat Exchangers >> Design temperature of series product is 0~350ºC .Design pressure is 0.6 MPa,1.6 MPa and ,40 MPa differently. 2.结构特征及工作原理
Structural Features And Working Principles
套管式换热器是由两种不同大小直径的管子组装成同心管，两端用U型弯管将它们连接成排，排列组合形成传热单元，我公司亦可根据经济技术合同为用户设计、制造其他结构形式的套管式换热器。

Jacketed pipe heat exchanger are composed of concentrical tubes which have been assembled by two kinds of tubes with different larger or 四平市巨元换热设备有限公司. 巨元集团Siping Juyuan Heat Exchange Equipment Co., Ltd.
smaller diameter. Both ends were connected by tubes of U shape to form the tube banks of elemental components of heat transfer, We can also provide to the user with other types of jacket pipe heat exchangers in according to stipulation of economical and technical contracts for designing and fabrication.
套管式换热器属于间壁式换热器，它是利用固体壁面将进行热交换的两种流体隔开，使它们通过共同的壁面（内管）进行热交换。

换热时，一种流体走内管，另一种流体走内外管之间的环隙，内管的壁面为传热面，一般按逆流方式进行换热。

两种流体都可以在较高的温度、压力、流速下进行换热。

Jacketed pipe heat exchanger belongs to recuperative type of heat exchanger .It isolates the two kinds of media by the use of solid wall face to realize the heat transfer with the common surface (Internal tubes). On the conditions of heat transfer , one fluid flows inside of internal tube; another flows inside of annular interval between internal and external tubes .Wall surface of internal tube takes as the surface of heat transfer, generally by means of counter current flow .Both media can all realize service of transfer at conditions of higher temperature ,pressure ,and flow velocity.
3.型号及意义
Type And Indication
GXT—1.25—0.9—38/60
————
内/外管直径(mm)
Internal / External Tube D.(mm)
换热面积(M²)
Area of heat transfer
设计压力（MPa）
Design pressure
套管式换热器
Jacketed pipe heat exchanger
四平市巨元换热设备有限公司. 巨元集团
JACKETED PIPE HEAT EXCHANGER OPERATION MANUAL
4.安装
Installation
4.1场地和基础
Construction and installation
4.11换热器的布置应留有足够的空间来满足拆装、维修的需要。

排列间隔最小为600mm。

两端弯部位至少留出1.5倍设备长度，以便抽出内管。

Layout of heat exchanger shall be maintained to have enough space for requirements of disassembly and maintenance ;interval of arrangement shall be maintained to have 600mm at least; bend of both ends maintained to 1.5 times of equipment length to remove the internal tube .
4.12基础由用户根据现场情况及换热器的几何尺寸、重量等自行设计，但活动支座的基础面上应预埋滑板，滑板的几何尺寸应大于支座板至少100mm(厚度可与支座底板相同) 。

Design of foundation may be completed in accordance with the actual construction site and geometric size, weight of heat exchanger and etc. Slide plate on the foundation surface of free support shall be pre-buried. Geometric size of slide plate, shall be larger than support 100mm at least (Thickness is equal to the base plate of support).
4.2地脚螺栓和垫铁
Anchor Bolt and steel washer
4.2.1活动支座的地脚螺栓应有2个锁紧的螺母，螺母与底板间留有1~3mm的间隙。

Anchor bolt of free support shall be equipped with two lock nuts ;gap of 1~3mm between nut and base plate shall be reserved .
4.2.2地脚螺栓两侧均有垫铁，设备调平后，斜垫铁可与设备支座底板焊牢，但不得与下面的平垫铁或滑板焊死。

Both sides of anchor bolts shall be equipped with steel washer .After regulating to horizontal plane, washer maybe welded firmly to the base
四平市巨元换热设备有限公司. 巨元集团Siping Juyuan Heat Exchange Equipment Co., Ltd.
JACKETED PIPE HEAT EXCHANGER OPERATION MANUAL
plate of support but it can not be welded foxily to fixedly washer or slide plate below.
4.2.3垫铁的安装不应妨碍换热器的膨胀。

Installation of steel washer can not be allowed to obstruct expansion of heat exchanger.
4.3在进出口管路上应设置压力表、温度表、阀门。

Inlet and outlet of piping line shall be equipped with pressure gage, temperature meter and valve.
4.5在套管换热器两种介质接管近处管路上，应分别在最高、最低处设置排气、排净装置。

Nozzles near piping line of two kinds of media shall be equipped with air vent, liquid outlet device at highest, lowest position respectively.
4.6在使用时，要避免内、外管温度、压力的大幅度变化，尽量保持稳定，排净气体。

When discharging, it is necessary to prevent from larger scale of change for inside, out side tube temperature and pressure ,try to best to hold the operation stable and drain off air .
4.7用户应根据换热器的使用情况定期清洗和检修。

Cleaning and maintenance of heat exchanger may be done in according to the actual conditions of operation.
4.8换热器在拆洗和安装时要防止密封面被磕碰，不得强行拆卸和组装，防止变形。

When cleaning and maintenance, it is necessary to prevent from scratching of seal surface, It is not be allowed to compulsory disassembly or assembly, avoiding deformation of equipment.
4.8其它要求
Other requirements
4.8.1应在不受力的情况下连接管线，避免强力装配。

It is necessary to connect the pipe line under the conditions of no forces 四平市巨元换热设备有限公司. 巨元集团
JACKETED PIPE HEAT EXCHANGER OPERATION MANUAL
and stresses to avoid forced assembly.
4.8.2拧紧换热器螺栓时，一般应按中心对称，十字交叉顺序进行，并应涂抹适当的螺纹润滑剂，以避免“咬死”
When fastening bolts, generally central line shall be aligned and fastened as the sequence order of crossing .Lubricant on the thread shall be coated to prevent from “seizing”.
4.8.3与接管连接后，在联动试压时压力不应超过设备的试验压力。

After connecting with nozzles, test pressure of on-line operation shall not be over than the test pressure stipulated.
5.试车
Trial operation
5.1试车前应查阅图纸有无特殊要求和说明，铭牌有无特殊标志，例如，对试车、试压程序有无特殊要求等。

Before trial operating, special requirements of notes shall be reviewed to see whether it has special marking on the nameplate, such as: special requirements for trial operating and procedure of testing pressure and etc.
5.2试车前，应清洗整个系统，并在入口接管上设置过滤网。

Before trial operating whole system of equipment shall be cleaned, filter net shall be equipped with inlet of nozzle.
5.3开启放气口，关闭介质出口阀。

Air vent shall be opened; outlet valve of fluid shall be closed.
5.4缓慢打开介质进口阀，使介质缓慢流入，直至从放气口溢出。

Inlet valve of fluid shall be slowly opened to make the fluid flowing in till it flowing out from air vent.
5.5关闭放气口，缓慢打开出口阀，注意温度变化。

Air vent shall be closed, outlet valve shall be slowly opened to see temperature change.
5.6调整介质流量，使之保持在最佳工况温度。

Flow rate of fluid shall be regulated to keep it on the normal conditions 四平市巨元换热设备有限公司. 巨元集
套管式换热器使用说明书 6
JACKETED PIPE HEAT EXCHANGER OPERATION MANUAL
of service.
5.7当介质为蒸汽时，开车前应排空残液，以免形成水击；对于有腐蚀性的介质，停车后应将残有介质排净。

When steam operating ,before starting ,traces of liquid inside of equipment shall be removed out prevent from accumulation of water .For the corrosive service of operating ,traces of liquid inside of equipment shall be removed out after stopping.
5.8开车或停车过程中，应逐渐升温和降温，避免造成压差过大和热冲击。

When operating or stopping, temperature shall be slowly increased or decreased to prevent from excessive pressure difference and thermal shock.
5.9温度上升到操作温度时，要进行螺栓的热紧。

When temperature rised to operating, bolts shall be hot fastened.
6.使用与维护修养
Operation and maintenance
6.1设备的启动：按上述试车中的顺序要求进行。

Equipment starting: It shall be operated as the above procedure of trial operation sequence stipulated.
6.2正常使用
Normal operation
6.2.1换热器不得在超过规定的条件下运行。

Heat exchanger can not be operated beyond stipulation of conditions 6.2.2应经常对内、外管介质的温度及压降进行监督，分析换热器的泄漏和结垢情况，在压降增大和传热系数降低超过一定数值时，应根据介质和换热器的结构，选择有效的方法进行清洗。

Temperature and pressure drop of internal、external tubes shall be always observed to analyses the reason of leakage and fouling .If pressure drop increases and coefficient of heat transfer decreases to value stipulated，
四平市巨元换热设备有限公司. 巨元集团Siping Juyuan Heat Exchange Equipment Co., Ltd. JUYUAN GROUP
JACKETED PIPE HEAT EXCHANGER OPERATION MANUAL
cleaning shall be performed by effective method in accordance with fluid properties and structure of heat exchanger.
6.3停车；一般情况下应缓慢关闭加热（或冷却）介质进口阀，然后关闭被加热（冷却）介质出口阀。

Equipment stopping: Under the general circumstance, inlet valve of heating or (cooling) shall be slowly closed then, outlet valve of heated fluid or (cooled fluid).
6.4维护保养
Equipment maintenance
换热器长期使用后，内管内外壁及外管内壁结垢或腐蚀产物粘附，使传热效率降低，发生故障，所以要适当清理污垢。

After long time of operation, inside, out side wall of internal tube and inside wall of external tube may be fouled to form contaminant. In this case, coefficient of heat transfer may be decreased: failure may be taken place; the cleaning shall be carried out .
根据清洗的场所、范围、除垢难易程度、垢的性质来决定采用机械清洗或化学清洗，凡不溶于酸碱和溶剂的污垢宜采用机械清洗。

Mechanical cleaning or chemical cleaning may be adopted in according to place, extent, degree of difficulty, properties of fouling. Any fouling deposit that doesn’t dissolve acid, alkali and solvent shall be adopted mechanical cleaning method.
下面简单介绍几种清洗方法供参考
Several kinds of cleaning methods for reference as the follows:
6.4.1喷水清洗；用高压水（水压一般为20~50MPa）喷射或机械冲击清洗，对化学清洗法不能除去的碳化物污垢或硬质垢的清除很有效，但需要换热器解体。

Spray cleaning: spray cleaning may be completed by spray of high pressure of water (Generally pressure of water of 20~50 MPa) or mechanical cleaning. It is a effective method for fouling of carbide lamella 四平市巨元换热设备有限公司. 巨元集团
JACKETED PIPE HEAT EXCHANGER OPERATION MANUAL
or hardened fouling deposit that can not be cleaned by chemical cleaning method but the heat exchanger has to be disassembled.
6.4.2喷砂清洗：讲经筛分的石英砂粒（一般颗粒为3~5mm）用压缩空气（气压为0.3~0.35MPa），通过喷枪产生强大的线速度，冲刷管壁，将污垢冲掉，使管子恢复原有尺寸。

要求砂粒硬度高，粒度形状复杂，颗粒均匀。

Sand Blasting: Equipment may be cleaned by compressed air (air pressure of 0.3-0.35Mpa) with sieved quartz sand grains (generally sand grain of 3-5mm) to clean the tube wall to make the tubes to recover original size. The sand grains shall attain the requirements of hardness, complex shape and uniform granular.
6.4.3喷丸清洗：用喷丸清洗器将海绵球（喷丸）推进需要清洗的管子进行清洗。

Shot Blasting: Equipment may be cleaned by shot blasting to push foam Rubber balls(shot blasting) into tubes in which need to be cleaned, for cleaning.
6.4.4化学清洗：根据不同的工况选择不同的化学剂，这里仅介绍对水垢的清洗。

把循环设备连接到换热器上，先用水进行循环检查泄漏，（因为盐酸和水垢反应会放出二氧化碳，因此应从底部到顶部进行循环），然后加入化学剂（缓蚀剂及盐酸），并把溶液加热到60 ºC后循环4小时左右，然后用滴定法检查酸浓度及三价铁百分率和总铁百分率，继续循环直到酸浓度保持1小时无变化，排除酸液，用清水清洗直到换热器出入口PH值相等，再加入1%（重量百分比）纯碱循环30分钟，排出碱液。

此法的最大缺点是使用不当会产生腐蚀现象。

Chemical Cleaning: Chemical Cleaning may be completed by different Chemical reagent. Here only introduce the cleaning method of water fooling deposit: circulating equipment shall be connected with heat exchanger, Leakage area shall be inspected with water firstly. (owing to the muriatic acid and water deposit may release carbon dioxide, so
四平市巨元换热设备有限公司. 巨元集团
JACKETED PIPE HEAT EXCHANGER OPERATION MANUAL
circulating shall be completed from bottom location to top) then, chemical reagent shall be added.(corrosion inhibitor and muriatic acid) solution has to be heated to 60℃，then, circulating for 4 hours app. After that, ferric percentage and total ferrite shall be inspected by method of titration, continuous circulating till indication-free of variation of acid concentration for one hour. Acid solution shall be removed by fresh water till equal to PH value of inlet and outlet of heat exchanger then, caustic alkali of 1%(percentage of weight) shall be added circulating for 30 minutes; alkali solution shall be removed out, Shortcomings of this method may generate phenomenon of corrosion if wrong operation.
换热器运行一段时间后长期不用的保养方法，有干法和湿法两种，停机一个月以上，应采用干保养法，停机一个月以下可采用湿保养法。

There are two kinds of maintenance methods used for no application for long period of time after equipment was pat into operation for someday, i.e. dry method and wet method. If shutdown of service is more over a month, dry method shall be adopted; If shutdown of service is less than a month, wet method may be adopted.
干保养法：将换热器中水放掉，将内部污垢冲洗干净，烘干，然后将10~30mm块状的生石灰用开式保温器盛装，从接管法兰处放进换热器内（内外管分装），不使生石灰与金属接触，生石灰的质量，以换热器容积每立方米8千克计算。

然后将所有与外界联系的口关闭，每三个月检查一次，如生石灰碎成粉状，须即更换，换热器重新运行时应将生石灰取出。

Dry Method: Accumulation of water inside of heat exchanger shall be discharged; internal fouling shall be cleaned and stoved then, blocks of quick lime of 10-30mm packed inside of heat exchanger from area of flange of nozzle.(separated packing for internal and external tube). Quick lime can not be allowed to touch with metal; weight of it can be calculated as per 8 kg a cubic meter. After that, all openings contacted with outside shall be closed. Equipment shall be examined every three months. If quick 四平市巨元换热设备有限公司. 巨元集团Siping Juyuan Heat Exchange Equipment Co., Ltd. JUYUAN GROUP
JACKETED PIPE HEAT EXCHANGER OPERATION MANUAL
lime has changed into powders, new powders shall be put in. When
re-operating, quick lime shall be removed.
湿保养法：将换热器内水放掉，将内部污垢彻底冲洗干净，重新注入已处理的水至全满，让水中的气体排出，然后关闭所有阀门，气候寒冷的地方不可采用湿保养法，以免冻坏设备。

Wet method: Accumulation of water inside of heat exchanger shall be discharger; internal fouling shall be cleaned . Water shall be poured inside of equipment; gas in passage channels shall be removed then, all valves shall be closed. Wet method can not be adopted under circumstance of cold weather to prevent from damage by frost.
7.受压元件的检验和水压试验
Inspection of pressurized Component and Hydraulic Test
如有下列情况之一时，内外部检查合格后必须进行耐压试验。

Pressure test must be completed after passing acceptance standard of internal and external inspection if meet one of these circumstances:
7.1用焊接方法修理可更换主要受压元件的；
Mai pressurized component has to be replaced by welding.
7.2改变使用条件且超过原设计参数的；
Service condition has bee changed and surpassed the original of
design data.
7.3停止使用两年重新复用的；
Equipment that has been stopped for two year, has to be re-operation.
7.4新安装的或移装的；
New installation or removed installation.
7.5无法进行内部检验的；
Internal inspection can not be completed.
7.6使用单位对压力容器的安全性能有怀疑的；
Safety of pressure vessel is suspected by user.
试验压力按Pt=1.5P[δ]/ [δ]t。

Pt-试验压力（MPa）; [δ]-试验温度下
四平市巨元换热设备有限公司. 巨元集团Siping Juyuan Heat Exchange Equipment Co., Ltd. JUYUAN GROUP
套管式换热器使用说明书11 JACKETED PIPE HEAT EXCHANGER OPERATION MANUAL
的材料许用应力（MPa）；[δ]t设计温度下的材料许用应力（MPa）；
Test pressure as per pt =1.5P[δ]/ [δ]t。

Pt-test pressure(MPa); [δ]- Test temperature of material allowable stress(MPa); [δ]t design temperature of material allowable stress (MPa).
8.故障及排除
Failure and Debugging
8.1换热性能下降
Degradation of Heat transfers
造成换热器性能下降和原因可能是某侧或双侧介质流量不足，管内积垢严重，换热器内积气或内泄。

对介质流量不足可增大流量。

而有时系统管路阀门或过滤器也可能有阻塞或泄漏发生，要注意检查、清理或检修更换；对于管内积垢严重的应采取相应办法进行清洗；对于管内积气的暂停其运行，将其内积气由排气口排净；对于内泄可能是管子出现孔洞而后发生泄漏，也可能是密封填料函泄漏，可相应采取补焊或进一步压紧填料函压盖或更换密封材料，总之，要根据具体情况分析判断是那种原因造成的，并采取相应的办法排除。

The reason of degradation of properties may be due to low enough flow rate of one side or double side, severe corrosion of tubes, accumulation of air or internal leakage. The problem of low rate may be solved by method of augmentation of flow rate. Pipe valve of system or filter, sometimes, may be blocked or blocked .in this case, examination, cleaning or replacement of tubes may be done for severe conditions of fouling of tubes. If accumulation of air happened, it shall be removed out from air discharge vent. The reason of internal leakage may be due to holes of tube or leakage may be due to holes of tube or leakage of stuffing box as well, so applicable repair welding, tightness of capping of stuffing box or replacement of sealing gasket may be carried out, In brief words,
四平市巨元换热设备有限公司. 巨元集团Siping Juyuan Heat Exchange Equipment Co., Ltd. JUYUAN GROUP
JACKETED PIPE HEAT EXCHANGER OPERATION MANUAL
applicable methods should be completed in accordance with analysis of concerned service conditions to debug the failure of equipment.
8.2发现或怀疑两侧介质相混，可进行水压试验判定，确认后找出其内泄原因，并采取相应的办法排除。

If mixture of both sides are found or suspected, it shall be evaluated by hydraulic test to find the reason of leakage to debug the accident with the applicable method.
8.3外泄：采取相应的办法排除。

External leakage: External leakage shall be removed by applicable method.
这里要注意的是：换热器受压元件的检修要按国家有关规定进行。

Here it should be pay attention to: Overhaul of pressurized components of heat exchanger should be completed as per national relevant stipulation of standards.
9.其它
Others
9.1套管式换热器出厂时附有产品质量证明书和使用说明书。

Jacketed pipe heat exchanger enclosed with product quality certificate and operating manual when leaves the factory.
9.2套管式换热器上应固定产品铭牌，其内容包括：
Jacketed pipe heat exchanger shall be equipped with nameplate, contents as flows:
制造单位名称及制造许可证编号
Manufacturer Name and Fabrication License No.
出厂编号
Ex-factory Number
产品名称
Product Name
设计温度（内、外）
Design Temperature (Internal\External)
四平市巨元换热设备有限公司. 巨元集团Siping Juyuan Heat Exchange Equipment Co., Ltd. JUYUAN GROUP
JACKETED PIPE HEAT EXCHANGER OPERATION MANUAL
设计压力（内、外）
Design Pressure（内、外）
耐压试验压力
Compression Test Pressure
重量
Weight
制造日期
Date of construction
9.3油漆、包装、运输：按JB/T4711-2003《压力容器油漆、包装、运输》规定。

Painting, Packing, transportation, is comply with standard requirement of JB/T4711-2003《Painting, Packing and transportation for pressure vessels》。

说明：
1.用户向制造厂查询有关您所购买的换热器的技术资料时，应说明合
同号及总图号。

When inquiring from manufacturer for technical data about your purchased heat exchanger contract No, and Drawing No. shall be clearly indicated.
2.对换热器制造质量的查询，应注意换热器编号（在换热器铭牌上）
When inquiring mass of heat exchanger, exchanger contract No.(See Nameplate) shall be pay attention to.
3.换热器如有转移，必须将所有技术文件同时移交。

If heat exchanger has to be transferred, all technical documents must be turned over to.
4. 本说明书未作详细规定之处，用户不可随意拆装和操作，否则，后
果自负。

Equipment can not be informally disassembled or operated beyond the stipulation of this manual other wise the consequences would be accepted by your own . Please contact with Siping JuYuan Heat Exchange
四平市巨元换热设备有限公司. 巨元集团Siping Juyuan Heat Exchange Equipment Co., Ltd. JUYUAN GROUP
Equipment Co, Ltd, if you need help.
四平市巨元换热设备有限公司
Siping Juyuan Heat Exchange Equipment Co., Ltd.
地址:吉林省四平市南环西路5号
Add:No5, Nanhuan West Road, Siping city, Jilin Province
电话: (0434) 3265455 3265740 3265841
Tel: (0434) 3265455 3265740 3265841
传真: (0434) 3265455 3265740
Fax: ( 0434) 3265455 3265740
邮编: 136000
P.C.: 136000
四平市巨元换热设备有限公司. 巨元集团Siping Juyuan Heat Exchange Equipment Co., Ltd. JUYUAN GROUP。