opt和cpt

课程实习训练(Curricular Practical Training，CPT)：
1.课程实习训练是指与正式课业密不可分的建教合作课程(work/ study program)、见习（internship）、或实习课。

课程实习通常需在入学一年后才能提出申请，但研究所学生如因课业需要，必需立即参与实习，则不在此限。

2.外国学生申请课程实习训练，也一律利用SEVIS系统作业，经学校DSO核可后，把含有业已核准字样及核准日期的I-20印出，签字后交给学生，由学生交给雇主，才可开始工作。

之前规定申请许可须递送I-538表格及七十元收费规定均予取消。

选择性实习训练(Optional Practical Training，OPT)：
1.F-1学生必须全时就读一年以上，才可申请选择性实习训练。

2.选择性实习训练需与其主修领域相关。

学生至迟必须在学业结束（毕业或结业）前90天内提出申请(在毕业后，还有六十天的停留时间，可以等待工作许可文件EAD的核发)，最长实习期限为12个月，且实习应在课业完成后14个月内完成。

3.F-1选择性实习训练，需由DSO推荐，并经移民局核准。

由学校（DSO）在SEVIS系统内更新数据（包括全时工作或部份时间工作、起讫日期），印出I-20中有关受雇工作部份，在其上签字并注明日期，表示经学校推荐，连同申请工作许可( EAD)的I-765表格，一起寄给移民局。

由于提出申请后尚须需等到接获I-765工作许可文件（Employment Authorization Document, EAD）才能开始工作，故应尽早提出申请。

移民局如予以拒绝，必需告知申请人拒绝理由，申请人不得申覆。

4.M-1学生之实习申请，亦须在课业完成前提出，但限于I-20所列课程结束日之前90天内提出。

5.修习英语课程的学生，不得申请选择性实习训练。

6.OPT最长的许可期限是12个月。

与以前不同的是，不再限制每名学生只能申请一次的OPT。

新的规定是，学生在每个学习阶段结束后，都可以申请一次，例如大学毕业可以申请12个月的实习，硕士学位结业后又可以申请12个月的实习。

唯一的例外是，留学生在学期间，根据学科需要，已经有一年或以上的学科实习的话，毕业后，就不再有实习的机会。

至于OPT结束后离美的期限，仍然维持不变，有60天的时间给同学们打包行里。

7.学生最多可参加连续一年的海外实习。

8.所有被核准实习的F-1学生，如在实习期间更改姓名、地址，或中断工作，都应向DSO报告，由DSO负责更新SEVIS内的上述数据。

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在美国留学时，学生会有实习的机会，就是我们平时说的CPT（Curricular Practical training) 和OPT(Optional Practical Traning)，到底这两种实习有什么区别，又有什么联系，我们可以从Standford University的Bachetel International Center上找到。

CURRICULAR PRACTICAL TRAINING VS OPTIONAL PRACTICAL TRAINING CPT requires a job offer VS O PT does not require a job offer
CPT requires enrollment in a special class in which on-the-job training is required and for which course credit is received during the quarter the employment takes place
VS OPT does not require you to enroll in any class CPT issued for summer employment would require the student to pay summer fees for 3 unit minimum enrollment = $,$$$ VS OPT does not require the student to pay $ for class registration, but would require $340 USCIS processing fee
CPT is authorized for a specific employer for work related to student’s field of s tudies VS OPT allows work w/ ANY employer based on student’s field of studies
CPT is issued by the I-Center within 5-10
working days VS OPT is issued by the USCIS within 90 days (after preliminary processing by I-Center) CPT work permit is granted on the I-20 (page 3) VS OPT work permit is called the EAD (Employment Authorization Document)
CPT may only be issued for work prior to graduation, and prior to completion of course units required for degree
VS OPT allows for employment both prior to and after graduation
CPT usually does not affect OPT as long as the CPT issued does not reach 12 full- time months. Part-time (20 hours. or less) CPT is never accumulated or deducted from OPT. (NOTE: if you work 6 months of full-time CPT you will not affect the 12 months of OPT) VS OPT issued part-time (20 hours or less) is deducted at half-time rate, but full-time OPT (over 20 hours a week) is deducted at full-time rate from the 12 months of OPT. (NOTE: if you received 6 full-time months of OPT prior to graduating, you will have 6 months left upon graduation.)
Both CPT and OPT require that the proposed employment be related to the student’s field of study.
Both CPT and OPT do not allow the student to begin employment prior to completing the first academic year (unless required of the degree, and based on CPT).
Both CPT and OPT require the student to have received the authorization to work prior to beginning employment.
NOTE : In cases where the student may have accrued at least 9 months in F-1 status, then the USCIS will allow for an application pre-completion OPT to be submitted as early as 120 days before the start date of employment. Students applying for CPT must keep in mind two
restrictions concerning processing of CPT: 1] Paperwork must be submitted by deadline indicated on CPT info sheet (see web site below) 2] Paperwork must be submitted for consideration NO LATER than 5 working days prior to requested start date.
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