Cryogenic Dimensions-Shoe
常用工程标准名称中英对照
常用标准英文名称GB11345 Method for manual ultrasonic testing and classification of testing results for ferritic steel welds(HJ/T-169) Technical Guidelines for Environmental Risk Assessment on Projects建设项目环境风险评价技术导则》GB1499.1-2008 Steel for the reinforcement of concrete – Part 1: Hot rolled plain bars GB 15618-1995 Environmental quality standard for soils土壤环境质量标准GB1499.2-2007 Steel for the reinforcement of concrete – Part 2: Ribbed barsSL190-2007 Standards for classification and gradation of soil erosion土壤侵蚀分类分级标准(GB18218) The standard of major hazard source identification重大危险源辨识标准GB 3811-2008 Design rules for cranesGB/T 3280-2007 Cold rolled stainless steel plate sheet and stripGB/T14405-2011 Bridge crane for general purposeHJ19-2011环境影响评价技术导则生态影响Technical Guideline for Environmental Impact Assessment Ecological ImpactGB6067-2010 Safety rules for lifting appliancesGB50074-2002 Code for design of oil depotGB4315 Electrical control equipment of craneGB3095-2012 环境空气质量标准Ambient air quality standardGB699-1999 Quality carbon structural steelsGB700-2006 Carbon structural steelsGB1591-2008 High strength low alloy structural steelsGB11352-2009 Carbon steel castings for general engineering purposeJB/ZQ4000.6 General technical requirements for repair welding of steel castings GB3077 Alloy structure steelsJB/ZQ4290 Steel for forging of gear and tooth ringGB8918 Steel wire ropes for important purposesYB/T9256 Technical Specification on Coating of Steel Structure and PipelineGB/T 14791-93 The terms of screw threads 螺纹术语GB/T 8923.1-2011 (ISO 8501-1:2007.11)涂覆涂料前钢材表面处理表面清洁度的目视评定第1部分：未涂覆过的刚才表面和全面清除原有涂层后的钢材表面的锈蚀等级和处理等级Preparation of steel substrates before applications of paints and related products – Visual assessment of surface cleanliness – Part 1: Rust grades and preparation grades of uncoated steel substrates and of steel substrates after overall removal of previous coatingsGB/T 24238-2009 Hot rolled wire rod for prestressed steel预应力钢丝及钢绞线用热轧盘条JB/T 4730.1-2005承压设备无损检测第1部分通用要求Nondestructive testing of pressure equipments -- Part 1: General requirementsJB/T 4730.2-2005承压设备无损检测第2部分射线检测Nondestructive testing of pressure equipments -- Part 2: Radiographic testingGB/T3216 Rotodynamic pumps – Hydraulic performance acceptance tests–Grades 1 & 2Q/01SGB1-2011 ZJ series slurry pump standardJB/T8098 Methods of measuring and evaluating noise of pumpsJB/T4297 Painting specification for pumpsZBJ80006 Cast pulley for craneGB/T3214-91 Methods for measurement of capacity of pumpZBJ80007 Cast winding drum for craneGB4628 Cylindrical rollers of bridge craneGB10183 Cranes - Overhead travelling cranes and portal bridge crane -Tolerances for manufacture and tracks layingJB/ZQ4328 Technical specification of tooth type couplingGB/T 13006-91 NPSH for centrifugal, mixed flow and axial pumps离心泵、混流泵和轴流泵汽蚀余量GB/T13384-2008 机电产品包装通用技术要求General specifications for packing of mechanical and electrical productGB6333 Electro-hydraulic shoe brakeGB/T2555-1981一般用途管道法兰连接尺寸Pipe flange connectors for ordinary use--Mounting dimensionsGB10051.1 Lifting hooks – Mechanical properties, lifting capacities, stresses and materialsGB6334 DC-electromagnet double shoe brakesJB/ZQ4389 Brake wheelGB10095 Accuracy of involute cylindrical gearsZBJ19010 Speed reducer of craneZBJ19011 Base type reducer of craneGB 755-2008旋转电机定额和性能Rotating electrical machines – rating and performanceGB985 Recommended joint preparation for gas welding, manual metal arc welding, gas–shield arc welding and beam weldingGB986 Basic forms and sizes of weld groovesGB1300 Steel wire for weldingGB13274-91一般用途轴流通风机技术条件Technical specification for general purposes axial fansGB/T 1032-2012三相异步电动机试验方法Test procedures for three-phase induction motorsGB/T 6067.1-2010起重机械安全规程第1部分：总则Safety rules for lifting appliances - Part 1: GeneralGB/T 4942.1-2006旋转电机整体结构的防护等级(IP代码)-分级Classification of degrees of protection provided by enclosures of rotating electrical machines (IP code)GB5117 Carbon steel covered electrodesGB3077 Alloy structure steelsGB5293 Carbon steel electrodes and fluxes for submerged arc weldingJB741 Technical specification of steel welded pressure vesselsJB3092 Technical specification of torch cutting qualityJB/ZQ4000.3 General technical requirements for weld assemblyGB10854 Weld outer dimensions for steel constructionGB6417 Classification of imperfections in metallic fusion welds, with explanationsGB3323 Radiographic examination of fusion welded joints in metallic materialsJB1152 Ultrasonic flaw detection for butt weld of boiler and steel pressurevesselGB1128 High strength big size hexagon bolts for steel structuresGB1129 High strength big size hexagon nuts for steel structuresGB1130 High strength washers for steel structuresGB1131 Technical specification of high strength big size hexagon bolts, big size hexagon nuts and washers for steel structuresGB3632 Sets of torshear type high strength bolt hexagon nut and plain washer for steel structuresGB3633 Technical requirement for sets of torshear type high strength bolthexagon nut and plain washer for steel structuresGB6164.1 Spring bumper of cranesGB6164.2 Rubber bumper of cranesGB1800-1804 Tolerance and fitGB1182-1184 Shape and position toleranceGB4942.2 Degrees of protection provided by enclosures for low voltageapparatusGB8923 Rust grades and preparation grades of steel surfaces beforeapplication of paints and related productsGB9286 Paints and varnishes – cross cut test for filmsSDZ041 General specification for paintingJB8 Product platesGB191 Packaging – Pictorial marking for handling of goodsGB4879 Rust proof packagingGB5905 Cranes – Test code and proceduresJB4315 Electrical control equipment of cranesGB1497 The basic standard for low voltage apparatusGB50278 Code for construction and acceptance of cranes installationengineeringJB/ZQ8001 Product quality grading of overhead cranes for general purposes JB3229 Wound rotor three-phase asynchronous motor for metallurgy andliftingJB/T 8097-1999泵的振动测量与评价方法Methods of measuring and evaluating vibration of pumpsJB/T 8098-1999泵的噪声测量与评价方法Methods of measuring and evaluating noise of pumpsJB/DQ4658 Resistor set for cranesJB/DQ6146 Crane consoleJB/T 1050-93单级双吸清水离心泵型式与基本参数Single stage double suction centrifugal pump: types and basic parametersJB/ZQ2007 Crane electrical drawingQ/DQ109 Technical specification of electrical equipment for cranesGB 50051-2002 Code for design of chimneys烟囱设计规范GB/T131-1993 Mechanical drawings – Surface roughness symbols and methods of indicatingGB3505-83 Surface roughness, Terminology, Surface and its parametersGB16297-1996 Integrated Emission Standard of Air PollutantsJB/T 10391-2008 Y系列三相异步电动机技术条件Specification for Y series (IP44) three-phase asynchronous motorIEC 61534-1-2011 汇流排系统--第1部分：一般要求Powertrack systems -- Part 1: General requirementsCECS 31:2006钢制电缆桥架工程设计规范Code for design of steel cable tray engineeringCECS138: 2002给水排水工程钢筋混凝土水池结构设计规程Specification for structural design of reinforced concrete water tank of water supply and sewerage engineeringIEC34-1旋转电机的特性参数Rotating electric motor: rating and propertyGB13456-92 Discharge Standard of Water Pollutants for Iron and Steel IndustryGB 1159 Grease nipples and lubricating cups technical specificationGB 308 Rolling bearings - Steel ballsGB 50930-2013 Code for Design of Cold Rolling Strip PlantGB50629 Code for Design of Strip Rolling ProcessGB50713 Code for Design of Strip Finishing ProcessGB50486 Code for Design of Industrial Furnace in Iron and Steel PlantGB 28665-2012 Emission standard of air pollutants for steel rolling industryGB50603 Code for Design of General Layout and Transportation of Iron and Steel EnterprisesGB50052 Code for Design of Power Supply and Distribution SystemGB50062 Code for Design of Relaying Protection and Automation Device of Power SupplyInstallationGB50217 Code for Design of Cables of Electric EngineeringGB50054 Code for Design of Low Voltage Electrical InstallationGB50034 Standard for Lighting Design of BuildingsGB14050 Types and Safety Technical Requirements of System EarthingGB/T2624 Measurement of Fluid Flow by Means of Orifice Plates, Nozzles and Venturi Tubes Inserted in Circular Cross-section Conduits Running FullGB18871 Basic Standards for Protection against Ionizing Radiation and for the Safety of Radiation SourcesGB479 Basic Health Standards for Radiological ProtectionGB3100-3102 Quantities and UnitsGB/T15969 Programmable ControllerGB2893 Safety ColorsGB/T22081 Information T echnology - Security Techniques - Information Security Management Systems - RequirementsGB50174 Code for Design of Electronic Information System RoomGB/T2887 General specification for computer fieldGB50057 Design Code for Protection of Structures against LightningGB50343 Technical Code for Protection of Building Electric Information System against LightningGB50311 Code for Engineering Design of Generic Cabling System for Building andCampusGB50115 Code for Design of Industrial Television SystemGB50493 Specification for the Design of Combustible Gas and Toxic Gas Detection and Alarm for Petrochemical IndustryGB50177 Design Code for Hydrogen StationGB50041 Code for Design of Boiler PlantGB50029 Code for Design of Compressed Air StationGB50721 Code for Design of Water Supply and Drainage of Iron and Steel EnterpriseGB/T16157 The determination of Particulates and Sampling Methods of Gaseous Pollutants Emitted from Exhaust Gas of Stationary SourceYB/T9256 Technical Specification on Coating of Steel Structure and PipelineGB16912 Safety Technical Regulation for Oxygen and Relative Gases Produced with Cryogenic MethodGB50028 Code for Design of City Gas EngineeringGB50191 Code for Seismic Design of Special StructureGB50696 Code for Design of Metallurgical Equipment Foundation in Iron and Steel EnterprisesGB50632 Code for Design of Energy Saving of Iron and Steel IndustryGB50506 Code for Design of Water Saving for Iron and Steel EnterprisesGB50629 Code for Design of Plate and Strip Rolling ProcessGB50713 Code for Design of Plate and Strip Finishing ProcessGB17167 General Principle for Equipping and Managing of the Measuring Instrument of Energy in Organization of Energy UsingAQ2003 Safety Regulations for Steel RollingGB50219 Code for Design of Water Spray Extinguishing SystemsGB50370 Code for Design of Gas Fire Extinguishing SystemsGB50193 Code for Design of Carbon Dioxide Fire Extinguishing SystemsGB50151 Code for Design of Low Expansion Foam Fire Extinguishing SystemGB2894 Safety Signs and Guideline for the UseGB4053 Safety Requirements for Fixed Steel Ladders and PlatformGB14050 Types and Safety Technical Requirements of System EarthingGB/T16157 The determination of Particulates and Sampling Methods of Gaseous Pollutants Emitted from Exhaust Gas of Stationary SourceGB13456-92 Discharge Standard of Water Pollutants for Iron and Steel IndustryGB4792-84 Basic Health Standards for Radiological ProtectionGB50193-93 Code of Design for Carbon Dioxide Fire Extinguishing SystemsGBJ16-87 Fire Fighting Code for Design of BuildingGB50263-97 Code for Construction and Acceptance of Fire Extinguishing System with GasJGJ94-2008 Technical code for building pile foundationsJGJ 81-2002 建筑钢结构焊接技术规程Technical specification for Welding of steel structure of buildingJGJ106-2003 Technical code for testing of building pile foundation pilesGB50007 Code for design of building foundationGBZ1-2002 Hygiene Standard for Design of Industrial EnterpriseGBZ2 Occupational Exposure Limit for Hazardous Agents in the WorkplaceYB9051-1998钢铁企业设计节能技术规定Technical regulations on energy saving for iron and steel enterprise projectsGB 28664－2012炼钢工业大气污染物排放标准Emission standard of air pollutants for steel smelt industryGB7588-2003 Safety Regulations for Steel RollingGB50016-2006建筑设计防火规范Code of Design on Building Fire Protection and PreventionGB 50108-2008Technical code for waterproofing of underground worksJGJ 79-2002Technical code for ground treatment of buildingsJGJ94-2008Technical code for building pile foundationsJGJ118－2011Code for design of soil and foundation of building in frozen soil regionGB 50405-2007钢铁工业资源综合利用设计规范―Code for design of comprehensive utilization of iron and steel industry resources‖GB13456-92钢铁工业水污染物排放标准Discharge standard of water pollutants for iron and steel industryGB9078-1996工业炉窑大气污染物排放标准Emission Standard of Air pollutants for Industrial Kiln and FurnaceGBJ87-85工业企业噪声控制设计规范Code for noise control design of industrial enterprisesGB12348-90工业企业厂界噪声标准Standard of noise at boundary of industrial enterprisesYB9081-97冶金建筑抗震设计规范Code for a seismic design of metallurgical buildingGB50414-2007 钢铁冶金企业设计防火规范Code of design on fire protection and prevention for iron & steel metallurgy enterprisesGB50140-2005建筑灭火器配置设计规范Code for design of extinguisher distribution in buildingsGB6222-2005工业企业煤气安全规程Safety code for gas of industrial enterprisesGB 50084-2001 Code of Design for Sprinkler SystemsGB50058-92爆炸和火灾危险环境电力装置设计规范Code for design of electrical installations within explosion and fire hazard environmentGB/T 10058-1997Safety rules for the construction & installation of electrical liftsGB/T 10059-1997 Specifications for liftsGB50310-2002 Electric lifts – testing methodsGB/T 7025-1997 Code for acceptance of installation quality of lifts, escalators and passenger conveyorsGB/T1955-2002 建筑卷扬机 Construction winchGB/T6572.1-1997 液压挖掘机术语 Hydraulic excavators-TerminologyGB/T7024-1997 电梯、自动扶梯、自动人行道术语Terminology of lifts, escalators, passenger conveyorsGB/T7025.1-1997 电梯主参数及轿厢、井道、机房的型式与尺寸Lifts-Main specifications and the dimensions. arrangements for its cars,wells and machine rooms Part 1: Lifts of classesGB/T 7025.2-1997 电梯主参数及轿厢、井道、机房的形式与尺寸Lifts-Main specifications and the dimensions. arrangements for its cars,wells and machine rooms Part 2: Lifts of classGB/T 7025.3-1997 电梯主参数及轿厢、井道、机房的形式与尺寸Lifts-Main specifications and the dimensions. arrangements for its cars,wells and machine rooms Part 3: Lifts of classGB/T 7586-1996 液压挖掘机试验方法Testing method of hydraulic excavatorsGB 4792-84 Basic Health Standards for Radiological ProtectionGB 50193-93 Code of Design for Carbon Dioxide Fire Extinguishing SystemsGB 191-1990 Packaging – Pictorial Marking for Handling of Goods andGB 6388-1986 Transport Package Shipping MarkGBJ16-87 Fire Fighting Code for Design of BuildingGB50263-97 Code for Construction and Acceptance of Fire Extinguishing System with GasJGJ 81-2002 Technical specification for welding of steel structure building建筑钢结构焊接技术规程JB1644-91 Foundry machinery-general technical requirementGB3766-83 Hydraulic fluid power – General rules relating to systemJB6575-93 Technical specification of shakerJB/T3926.2-99 Technical specification of vertical bucket type lifterJB/T8471-96 Technical requirements and acceptance code for erection of bag filterGB8959-88 Dust control code for foundryGB7932-87 Pneumatic fluid power – General rules relating to systemGB5020-95 Code for acceptance of construction quality of steel structuresGB5226.1 Electrical safety of machinery –electrical equipment of machines –Part 1: General requirementsGB50277-98 Code for construction and acceptance of casting equipment installation engineeringGB12348-90 Emission standard for industrial enterprises noise at boundaryGB8196-87 Safety requirement of guard on machineryGB4053.3-93 Fixed protective industrial railingGB50168-92 Code for construction and acceptance of cable system in electricalequipment installation engineeringGB4053 Safety Requirements for Fixed Steel Ladders and PlatformJB/T5000.1-2007Heavy mechanical general techniques and standards - Part 1: Check of productJB/T5000.2-2007Heavy mechanical general techniques and standards – Part 2: Oxygen cutting workpieceJB/T5000.3-2007Heavy mechanical general techniques and standards: - Part 3: WeldingGB/T12469-1990Quality assurance of welding –Requirement for fusion welding joint of steel and classification for imperfectionJB/T5000.4-2007The heavy mechanical general techniques and standards – Part 4: Iron castingJB/T5000.5-2007Heavy mechanical general techniques and standards – Part 5: nonferrous castingJB/T5000.6-2007Heavy mechanical general techniques and standards – Part 6: Steel castingsJB/T 5000.7-2007重型机械通用技术条件第7部分：铸钢件补焊Heavy mechanical general techniques and standards-Part 7: Repair welding for steel castingsJB/T5000.8-2007重型机械通用技术条件第8部分：锻件The heavy mechanical general techniques and standards-Part 8: ForgingsGBJ 19-87 Design code for heating, ventilation and air conditioningJB/T5000.9-2007重型机械通用技术条件第9部分：切削加工件Heavy mechanical general techniques and standards - Part 9: CuttingJB/T5000.10-2007重型机械通用技术条件第10部分：装配Heavy mechanical general techniques and standards – Part 10: AssemblyJB/T5000.11-2007重型机械通用技术条件第11部分：配管Heavy mechanical general techniques and standards – Part 11: Attached pipingJB/T5000.12-2007重型机械通用技术条件第12部分：涂装Heavy mechanical general techniques and standards – Part 12: PaintingJB/T5000.13-2007重型机械通用技术条件第13部分：包装Heavy mechanical general techniques and standards – Part 13: PackingJB/T6996-2007Common technical condition of heavy machinery hydraulic systemJB/T4730.5-2005 Nondestructive testing of pressure equipments – Part 5: Penetrant testingGB/T7932-2003Pneumatic fluid power--General rules relating to systemsGB/T1800.1-2009Geometrical product specifications (GPS) – Limits and fits – Part 1: Bases of tolerances, deviations and fitsGB/T1800.2-2009Geometrical product specifications (GPS) – Limits and fits – Part 2: Tables of standard tolerance grades and limit deviations for holes and shaftsGB/T1801-2009Geometrical product specifications (GPS) – Limits and fits – Selection of tolerance zones and fitsGB1802-1979Tolerance and fitting dimensions larger than 500mm and up to 3150mm ordinary holes, shaft tolerance rangeGB/T1804-2000General tolerances –Tolerances for linear and angular dimensions without individual tolerance indicationsGB/T1182-2008Geometrical product specifications (GPS) – Geometrical tolerancing – Tolerances of form, orientation, location and run-outGB/T1184-1996Geometrical tolerancing – Geometrical tolerance for features without individual tolerance indicationsGB11335-1989 Limit deviations of angle without tolerance indicationGB/T275-1993 Shaft and housing fits for rolling bearingsYBJ201-83(已作废)Code for construction and acceptance of metallurgical machinery installation engineering – General rulesYBJ207-1985Code for construction and acceptance of metallurgical machinery installation engineering – Hydraulic, pneumatic and lubrication systemGB/T2346-2003Fluid power systems and components – Norminal pressuresGB/T14039Hydraulic fluid power- fluids –Method for coding the level of contamination by solid particlesHGJ32-1990(已作废)转化为HG/T20677-1990Rubber lining chemical processing equipmentHGJ33(已作废)转化为HG/T20678-2000Specification on design of steel shell with linerGB8923-1988Rust grades and preparation grades of steel surfaces before application of paints and related productsGB50046-2008 工业建筑防腐蚀设计规范Code for anticorrosion design of industrial constructionsHG20640-1997 Plastic equipmentHGJ29(已作废)转化为HG/T20676-1990Brick lining chemical processing equipmentGB/T8488-2008Acid resisting bricks and tilesYBJ215-1988Code for construction and acceptance of YJ furan resin material corrosion protection engineeringGB 50325 – 2010民用建筑工程室内环境污染控制规范Code for indoor environmental pollution control of civil building engineeringGB50260-1996Code for design of seismic of electrical installations电力设施抗震设计规范GB50268-2008Code for construction and acceptance of water and sewerage pipeline worksGB 50243-97(已作废)转化为GB 50243-2002Code of acceptance for construction quality of ventilation and air conditioning worksJC/T553-1994Fiber reinforced plastics centrifugal ventilatorCD130A19-85FRP equipment technical specificationsGB1446-83(已作废)转化为GB 1446-2005Fiber reinforced plastics composites – The generalsCD130A17-85Specification on design of PVC plastics equipmentGB150-1998Steel pressure vesselsGB50017-2003Code for design of steel structuresGB/T 3632-1995Sets of torshear type high strength bolt hexagon nut and plain washer for steel structures 钢结构用扭剪型高强度螺栓连接副GB50010-2002Code for design of concrete structuresGB/T 5780-2000 六角头螺栓C级Hexagon head bolts-Product grade CCECS 80-2006塔桅钢结构工程施工质量验收规程Specification for constructional quality acceptance of steel tower and mast structuresGB/T 11263-2005 热轧H型钢和剖分T型钢The hot-rolled H and cut T sectionGB/T 2102-2006Acceptance, packing, marking and quality certification of steel pipeGB12337-1998 Steel spherical tanks 钢制球形储罐GB/T 8170Rules of rounding off for numerical values & expression and judgment of limiting values GB/T 15574Steel products clarification and definitions (GB/T 15574-1995, eqv ISO 6929: 1987)GB 50336-2002 Code of design for building reclaimed water system建筑中水设计规范GBJ 87-1985Specifications for the design of noise control system in industrial enterprises工业企业噪声控制设计规范GB 5083-1999生产设备安全卫生设计总则General rules for designing the production facilities in accordance with safety and health requirementsGB/T16907-1997 Technical specifications for centrifugal pumps - Class IGB/T5656-2008 Technical specifications for centrifugal pumps - Class IIGB/T5657-1995 Technical specifications for centrifugal pumps - Class IIIYB9066-95 Specifications for the design of environmental protection in metallurgical industry冶金工业环境保护设计规定Regulations on the Administration of Construction Project Environment建设项目环境保护管理条例GB/T 1228-2006High strength bolts with large hexagon head for steel structuresYB 9051-1998Technical Regulations on Energy Saving for Iron and Steel Enterprise Projects钢铁企业设计节能技术规定GBZ230-2010Classification for Hazards of Occupational Exposure to Toxicant职业性接触毒物危害程度分类工作场所有害因素职业接触限值第1部分：化学有害因素(GBZ 2.1-2007 Occupational exposure limits for hazardous agents in the workplace Part 1: chemical hazardous agentsGB/T 1229-2006High strength large hexagon nuts for steel structuresGB 5044-1985职业性接触毒物危害程度分级(作废)Classification of health hazard levels from occupational exposure to toxic substancesGB/T 1230-2006High strength plain washers for steel structuresGB/T 1231Specifications of high strength bolts with large hexagon head, large hexagon nuts, plain washers for steel structuresGB/T 1237Designation system for fastenersGB/T 5276Fasteners--Bolts, screws, studs and nuts--Symbols and designations of dimensionsGB50187-2010工业企业总平面设计规范Code of Design for General Layout of Industrial EnterprisesGB 50231-1998General code for construction and acceptance of mechanical equipment installation engineeringGB3323Radiographic examination of fusion welded joints in metallic materials 钢熔化焊对接接头射线照相和质量分级GB 50236-2011Code for construction of field equipment, industrial pipe welding engineering现场设备、工业管道焊接工程施工规范GB1576 Water Quality for Industrial Boilers工业锅炉水质GB50242-2002Code for Acceptance of Construction Quality of Water Supply Drainage and Heating Works建筑给水排水及采暖工程施工质量验收规范GB16912-1997Safety technical regulation for oxygen and relative gases氧气及相关气体安全技术规范GB50683-2011 现场设备、工业管道焊接工程施工质量验收规范Code for acceptance of field equipment, industrial pipe welding construction qualityGB/T20801-2006 Code for Pressure Piping - Industrial PipingTSG D0001-2009Supervision Regulation for Safety Technology of Pressure Piping - Industrial PipingGB16912-2008Safety Technical Regulation for Oxygen and Related Gases Produced with Cryogenic Process冶金机械设备安装工程施工及验收规范—通用规定Code for construction and acceptance of metallurgical machinery installation engineering – General rulesGB 50372-2006Code for installation acceptance of metallurgical machinery ironmaking equipment engineering炼铁机械设备工程安装验收规范GB 50184-2011Code for acceptance of construction quality of industrial metallic piping engineeringGB 50235-1997Code for construction and acceptance of industrial metallic piping工业金属管道工程施工及验收规范GB/T12459-2005 Steel butt-welding seamless pipe fittings钢制对焊无缝管件GB6567.1~6567.5- 86 Graphic Symbol of Piping SystemGB7251.1-2005低压成套开关设和控制设备第一部分:型式试验和部分型式试验成套设备Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies - Part 1: Type-tested and partially type-tested assembliesJB/T4735-1997 Steel welded atmospheric pressure vessels钢制焊接常压容器GB/T50001-2001房屋建筑制图统一标准Unified standard for building drawingGB50003-2001 砌体结构设计规范Code for design of masonry structuresGB50007-2002 建筑地基基础设计规范Code for design of building foundationGB50009-2001建筑结构荷载规范Loading code for design of building structuresGB50010-2002混凝土结构设计规范Code for design of concrete structuresGB50011-2001建筑抗震设计规范（2008年版）Code for seismic design of buildingsGBJ12-87工业企业标准轨距铁路设计规范Code for design of standard track gauge railway in industrial enterprisesGB50013-2006室外给水设计规范Code for design of outdoor water supply engineeringGB50014-2006室外排水设计规范Code for design of outdoor sewerage engineeringGB50015-2003建筑给水排水设计规范Code for design of building water supply and sewerageGB50016-2006建筑设计防火规范Code for fire protection design of buildingsGB50017-2003钢结构设计规范Code for design of steel structuresGB50018-2002冷弯薄壁型钢结构技术规范Technical code for design of cold-formed thin-wall steel structuresGB50019-2003采暖通风与空气调节设计规范Code for design of heating ventilation and air conditioningGB50021-2001岩土工程勘察规范Code for investigation of geotechnical engineeringGB50023-95建筑抗震鉴定标准Standard for earthquake-resistant evaluation of buildingsGB50025-2004湿陷性黄土地区建筑规范Code for building construction in collapsible loess regionsGB50026-2007工程测量规范Code for engineering surveyingGB50028-2006城镇燃气设计规范Code for design of city gas engineeringGB50029-2003压缩空气站设计规范Code for design of compressed air stationGB50030-91氧气站设计规范Code for design of oxygen stationGB50031-91乙炔站设计规范Code for design of acetylene stationsGB50032-2003室外给水排水和燃气热力工程抗震设计规范Code for earthquake - resistant design of outdoor water supply,sewerage,gas and heatin g engineeringGB/T50033-2001建筑采光设计标准Standard for daylighting design of buildingsGB50034-2004建筑照明设计标准Standard for lighting design of buildingsGB50037-96建筑地面设计规范Code for design of ground surface and floor of buildingGB 50041-2008锅炉房设计规范Code for design of boiler plantGB50045-95高层民用建筑设计防火规范Code for fire protection design of tall buildingsGB50046-2008工业建筑防腐蚀设计规范Code for anticorrosion design of industrial constructionsGB50050-2007工业循环冷却水处理设计规范Code for design of industrial recirulating cooling water treatmentGB50051-2002烟囱设计规范Code for design of chimneysGB5749-2006 生活饮用水卫生标准Standard for drinking water qualityGB50052-95供配电系统设计规范Code for design of electric power supply systems。
洋甘菊提取液MSDS英文版
1. IDENTIFICATION OF THE SUBSTANCE/TREPARATION AND THE COMPANY/UNDERTAKING3.HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION4. FIRST AID MEASURESMATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETProduct name:Supplier:Tel:EMERGENCY OVERVIEW: May cause skin irritation and/or dermatitisPrinciple routes of exposure: Inhalation: Ingestion: Skin contact: Eye contact:SkinMay cause irritation of respiratory tract May be harmful if swallowed May cause allergic skin reaction Avoid contact with eyesStatements of hazard MAY CAUSE ALLERGIC SKIN REACTION.Statements of Spill of Leak Label Eliminate all ignition sources. Absorb and/or contain spill with inert materials (e.g., sand, vermiculite). Then place in appropriate container. For large spills, use water spray to disperse vapors, flush spill area. Prevent runoff from entering waterways or sewers.General advice:POSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTSInhalation:Skin contact:Ingestion:Eye contact:Protection of first – aiders:Medical conditions aggravated by exposure: In the case of accident or if you fell unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label where possible).Move to fresh air, call a physician immediately.Rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical adviceDo not induce vomiting without medical advice.In the case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.No information availableNone knownSuitable extinguishing media:Specific hazards:Special protective equipment for firefighters:Flash point:Autoignition temperature:NFPA rating Use dry chemical, CO2, water spray or “alcohol” foam Burning produces irritant fumes.As in any fire, wear self-contained breathing apparatus pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent) and full protective gearNot determinedNot determinedNFPA Health: 1 NFPA Flammability: 1 NFPA Reactivity: 0Personal precautions: Environmental precautions: Methods for cleaning up: Use personal protective equipment.Prevent product from entering drains.Sweep up and shovel into suitable containers for disposalStorage:7. HANDLING AND STORAGE5.FIRE-FIGHTING MEASURES6. ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURESRoom temperature Handling:Safe handling advice: Incompatible products:Use only in area provided with appropriate exhaust ventilation.Wear personal protective equipment.Oxidising and spontaneously flammable productsEngineering measures: Respiratory protection: Skin and body protection:Eye protection: Hand protection: Hygiene measures:Ensure adequate ventilation.Breathing apparatus only if aerosol or dust is formed. Usual safety precautions while handling the product will provide adequate protection against this potential effect. Safety glasses with side-shieldsPVC or other plastic material glovesHandle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.Melting point/range: Boiling point/range: Density: Vapor pressure: Evaporation rate: Vapor density: Solubility (in water): Flash point:Autoignition temperature:No Data available at this time. No Data available at this time. No data available No data available No data available No data available No data available Not determined Not determinedStability: Stable under recommended storage conditions. Polymerization: None under normal processing.Hazardous decomposition products: Thermal decomposition can lead to release of irritating gases and vapours such as carbon oxides.Materials to avoid: Strong oxidising agents.10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY9. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES8. EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATIONConditions to avoid: Exposure to air or moisture over prolonged periods.Product information Acute toxicityChronic toxicity:Local effects: Chronic exposure may cause nausea and vomiting, higher exposure causes unconsciousness.Symptoms of overexposure may be headache, dizziness, tiredness, nausea and vomiting.Specific effects:May include moderate to severe erythema (redness) and moderate edema (raised skin), nausea, vomiting,headache.Primary irritation: Carcingenic effects: Mutagenic effects: Reproductive toxicity:No data is available on the product itself. No data is available on the product itself. No data is available on the product itself. No data is available on the product itself.Mobility:Bioaccumulation: Ecotoxicity effects: Aquatic toxicity:No data available No data available No data availableMay cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment.12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONSWaste from residues/unused products:Contaminated packaging:Waste disposal must be in accordance with appropriate Federal, State and local regulations. This product, if unaltered by use, may be disposed of treatment at a permitted facility or as advised by your local hazardous waste regulatory authority. Residue from fires extinguished with this material may be hazardous.Do not re-use empty containers.UN/Id No:Not regulated14. TRANSPORT INFFORMATIONDOTProper shipping name: Not regulatedTGD(Canada)WHMIS hazard class: Non - controlledIMDG/IMOIMDG – Hazard Classifications Not ApplicableIMO – labels:15. REGULATORY INFOTMATION International Inventories16. OTHER INFORMATIONPrepared by: Health & SafetyDisclaimer: The information and recommendations contained herein are based upon tests believed to be reliable.However, XABC does not guarantee the accuracy or completeness NOR SHALL ANY OF THIS INFORMATION CONSTITUTE A WARRANTY, WHETHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, AS TO THE SAFETY OF THE GOOD, THE MERCHANTABILITY OF THE GOODS, OR THE FITNESS OF THE FITNESS OF THE GOODS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Adjustment to conform to actual conditions of usage maybe required. XABC assumes no responsibility for results obtained or for incidental or consequential damages, including lost profits arising from the use of these data. No warranty against infringement of any patent, copyright or trademark is made or implied.End of safety data sheet。
优雅品牌的高可见度橡胶外套产品说明说明书
Instructions d'emploi : Vêtement de pluie, coupe vent et vêtement de signalisation classe 3 permettant d'être parfaitement vu de jour comme de nuit en extérieur et par tous les temps dans la lumière des phares. Vêtement prévu pour une bonne protection contre la pluie (Résistance évaporative Ret = > classe 1). Dans certaines circonstances, les vêtements appartenant à la classe 1 (*) en respirabilité peuvent être portés seulement pour une durée limitée. Cette parka est équipée d'une doublure amovible de signalisation classe 2 permettant d'être parfaitement vu de jour comme de nuit en extérieur et par tous les temps dans la lumière des phares.
Matériaux : Tissu 100% polyester Oxford enduit PVC - 250 g/m² Doublure fixe Taffetas 190T 100% polyester - 55 g/m² Gilet amovible 100% polyester Oxford enduit PVC - 250 g/m² avec manches amovibles en laine polaire 100% polyester - 220 g/m² Doublure Taffetas 100% polyester matelassée - 55 g/m² Garnissage 100% Polyester - 100 g/m² Bandes rétroréfléchissantes NESTAR REF 2471 (80% polyester 20% coton enduit PU et billes de verre) (25 lavages max à 30°C).
《蝶迹》造型在簇绒中的设计说明英语单词 -回复
《蝶迹》造型在簇绒中的设计说明英语单词-回复The Design Explanation of the "Butterfly Traces" Style in Clustered Fluff [中文]Introduction:The fashion industry continuously evolves, giving rise to innovative and unique clothing designs. One such design is the "Butterfly Traces" style, which incorporates the use of clustered fluff. In this article, we will discuss the design process, inspiration, techniques, and the significance of this unique style.Inspiration:The inspiration for the "Butterfly Traces" style comes from the delicate and vibrant world of butterflies. The graceful flutter of their wings, the intricate patterns and colors, and their transformation from a caterpillar to a beautiful butterfly serve as a metaphor for growth and change. The aim of this design is to capture the essence of these magnificent creatures and translate it into a wearable art form.Materials:The key material used in the "Butterfly Traces" style is clustered fluff.This material provides a soft and fluffy texture, reminiscent of a butterfly's wings. Clustered fluff is carefully sourced and treated to ensure its quality and durability. It is lightweight and comfortable to wear, making it ideal for creating unique and eye-catching designs.Design Process:The design process for the "Butterfly Traces" style involves several steps, starting with research and sketching. The designer studies various butterfly species, examining their wing patterns, colors, and shapes. This research serves as a starting point for creating a concept and developing initial sketches.Next, the designer experiments with different techniques to incorporate the clustered fluff into the garment. They explore methods such as appliqué, embroidery, and fabric manipulation to achieve the desired effect. This experimentation allows them to determine the best way to showcase the beauty of the clustered fluff while maintaining the integrity and functionality of the garment.Once the technique is finalized, the designer moves on to patternmaking and fabric selection. The shape and structure of the garment are carefully planned to complement the design and ensure a flattering fit. The fabric used for the foundation of the garment should provide stability and support for the clustered fluff to be attached seamlessly.After the pattern making and fabric selection, the designer begins the construction process. Each piece of clustered fluff is cut and attached individually by hand, paying close attention to detail and precision. This meticulous process ensures the accurate representation of butterfly wing patterns and the overall aesthetic of the design.Significance:The "Butterfly Traces" style carries deep symbolic significance. The delicate nature of butterflies symbolizes transformation, growth, and beauty. When wearing a garment inspired by this style, individuals can connect with these symbolic meanings. The design acts as a reminder to embrace change, strive for personal growth, and appreciate the beauty that surrounds us.Furthermore, the "Butterfly Traces" style celebrates the intricatepatterns and colors found in nature. By incorporating these elements into the design, it encourages individuals to appreciate the natural world and its wonders. The garment acts as a visual representation of the beauty found in butterflies, inspiring wearers and onlookers alike.Conclusion:The "Butterfly Traces" style in clustered fluff is a unique and visually stunning fashion design concept. Inspired by the grace and elegance of butterflies, it captures the essence of growth, transformation, and beauty. Through careful selection of materials, meticulous design processes, and symbolic significance, this style celebrates the wonders of nature and serves as a reminder of the importance of embracing change and appreciating the beauty that surrounds us.。
英国药典 白凡士林
DEFINITIONPurified and wholly or nearly decolorised mixture of semi-solid hydrocarbons, obtained from petroleum. It may contain a suitable antioxidant. White soft paraffin described in this monograph is not suitable for oral use.CHARACTERSAppearanceWhite or almost white, translucent, soft unctuous mass, slightly fluorescent in daylight when melted.SolubilityPractically insoluble in water, soluble in methylene chloride, practically insoluble in alcohol and in glycerol.IDENTIFICATIONFirst identification A, B, D.Second identification A, C, D.A. The drop point is between 35 °C and 70 °C and does not differ by more than 5 °C from the value stated on the label, according to method (2.2.17) with the following modification to fill the cup: heat the substance to be examined at a temperature not exceeding 80 °C, with stirring to ensure uniformity. Warm the metal cup at a temperature not exceeding 80 °C in an oven, remove it from the oven, place on a clean plate or ceramic tile and pour a sufficient quantity of the melted sample into the cup to fill it completely. Allow the filled cup to cool for 30 min on the plate or the ceramic tile and place it in a water bath at 24-26 °C for 30-40 min. Level the surface of the sample with a single stroke of a knife or razor blade, avoiding compression of the sample.B. Infrared absorption spectrophotometry (2.2.24).Comparison Ph. Eur. reference spectrum of white soft paraffin.C. Melt 2 g and when a homogeneous phase is obtained, add 2 ml of water R and 0.2 ml of0.05 M iodine. Shake. Allow to cool. The solid upper layer is violet-pink.D. It complies with the test for appearance (see Tests).TESTSAppearanceThe substance is white. Melt 12 g on a water-bath. The melted mass is not more intensely coloured than a mixture of 1 volume of yellow primary solution and 9 volumes of a 1 per cent m/V solution of hydrochloric acid R(2.2.2, Method II).Acidity or alkalinityTo 10 g add 20 ml of boiling water R and shake vigorously for 1 min. Allow to cool and decant. To 10 ml of the aqueous layer add 0.1 ml of phenolphthalein solution R. The solution is colourless. Not more than 0.5 ml of 0.01 M sodium hydroxide is required to change the colour of the indicator to red.Consistency (2.9.9)60 to 300.Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbonsMaximum 300 ppm.Use reagents for ultraviolet spectrophotometry. Dissolve 1.0 g in 50 ml of hexane R which has been previously shaken twice with 10 ml of dimethyl sulphoxide R. Transfer the solution to a 125 ml separating funnel with unlubricated ground-glass parts (stopper, stopcock). Add 20 ml of dimethyl sulphoxide R. Shake vigorously for 1 min and allow to stand until 2 clear layers are formed. Transfer the lower layer to a second separating funnel. Repeat the extraction with a further 20 ml of dimethyl sulphoxide R. Shake vigorously the combined lower layers with 20 ml of hexane R for 1 min. Allow to stand until 2 clear layers are formed. Separate the lower layer and dilute to 50.0 ml with dimethyl sulphoxide R. Measure the absorbance (2.2.25) over the range 260 nm to 420 nm using a path length of 4 cm and as compensation liquid the clear lower layer obtained by vigorously shaking 10 ml of dimethyl sulphoxide R with 25 ml of hexane R for 1 min. Prepare a reference solution in dimethyl sulphoxide R containing 6.0 mg of naphthalene R per litre and measure the absorbance of the solution at the maximum at 278 nm using a path length of 4 cm and dimethyl sulphoxide R as compensation liquid. At no wavelength in the range 260 nm to 420 nm does the absorbance of the test solution exceed that of the reference solution at 278 nm.Sulphated ash (2.4.14)Maximum 0.05 per cent, determined on 2.0 g.STORAGEProtected from light.LABELLINGThe label states:—the nominal drop point,—where applicable, the name and concentrationDroping pointethod I(Ph. Eur. method 2.2.14)The melting point determined by the capillary method is the temperature at which the last solid particle of a compact column of a substance in a tube passes into the liquid phase.When prescribed in the monograph, the same apparatus and method are used for the determination of other factors, such as meniscus formation or melting range, that characterise the melting behaviour of a substance.Apparatus The apparatus consists of:—a suitable glass vessel containing a liquid bath (for example, water, liquid paraffin or silicone oil) and fitted with a suitable means of heating,—a suitable means of stirring, ensuring uniformity of temperature within the bath,—a suitable thermometer with graduation at not more than 0.5 °C intervals and provided with an immersion mark. The range of the thermometer is not more than 100 °C,—alkali-free hard-glass capillary tubes of internal diameter 0.9 mm to 1.1 mm with a wall 0.10 mm to 0.15 mm thick and sealed at one end.Method Unless otherwise prescribed, dry the finely powdered substance in vacuo and over anhydrous silica gel R for 24 h. Introduce a sufficient quantity into a capillary tube to give a compact column 4 mm to 6 mm in height. Raise the temperature of the bath to about10 °C below the presumed melting point and then adjust the rate of heating to about 1 °C/min. When the temperature is 5 °C below the presumed melting point, correctly introduce the capillary tube into the instrument. For the apparatus described above, immerse the capillary tube so that the closed end is near the centre of the bulb of the thermometer, the immersion mark of which is at the level of the surface of the liquid. Record the temperature at which the last particle passes into the liquid phase.Calibration of the apparatus The apparatus may be calibrated using melting point reference substances such as those of the World Health Organisation or other appropriate substances.Method II(No Ph. Eur. equivalent method)Apparatus(a) A glass heating vessel of suitable construction and capacity containing one of the following, or another suitable liquid, to a height of not less than 14 cm.(i) A liquid paraffin of sufficiently high boiling point.(ii) A silicone fluid of sufficiently high boiling point.(iii) Water.(b) A suitable stirring device capable of rapidly mixing the liquid.(c) An accurately standardised thermometer suitable for the substance being examined complying with the requirements of British Standard 1365:1990 (Specification for short-range short-stem thermometers) for thermometers designated by one of the following Schedule Marks.(d) Thin-walled capillary glass tubes of hard glass, closed at one end, with a wall thickness of 0.10 to 0.15 mm, at least 12 cm in length and of internal diameter 0.9 to 1.1 mm. The tubes should preferably be kept sealed at both ends and cut as required.Method Dry a small quantity of the finely powdered substance at a temperature considerably below its melting point or at a pressure of 2 kPa over a suitable desiccant, unless otherwise directed. Transfer a portion to a dry capillary tube and pack the powder by tapping on a hard surface so as to form a tightly packed column 4 to 6 mm in height. Heat a suitable liquid in the heating vessel and regulate the rate of rise of temperature, prior to the introduction of the capillary tube, to 3° per minute, unless otherwise directed, stirring constantly. When the temperature reaches 10°below the lowest figure of the range for the substance being tested, adjust the height of the thermometer so that the immersion mark is at the level of the surface of the liquid and insert the capillary tube so that the closed end is near the middle of the bulb of the thermometer. Note the temperature at which the liquefaction of the substance occurs, which is indicated by the formation of a definite meniscus or, for substances that decompose, the temperature at which frothing begins. Correct the observed temperature for any error in the calibration of the thermometer and for the difference, if any, between the temperature of the emergent stem of the thermometer and the temperature of the emergent stem under the conditions of standardisation of the thermometer. The temperature of the emergent stem is determined by placing the bulb of asecond thermometer in contact with the emergent stem at a point approximately midway along the mercury thread in the emergent stem.The correction to be applied is given by the following equation:t c = 0.00016n(t s– t d)wheret c=correction to be added to the observed temperature of the melting point,t s=mean temperature of the emergent column when standardised,t d=mean temperature of the emergent column at the observed melting point,n=number of °C over which the exposed column extends.The corrected temperature is regarded as the melting point of the substance. When the melting point in the monograph is expressed as a range, the melting point of the substance being tested must fall within that range.Method III(Ph. Eur. method 2.2.17)The drop point is the temperature at which the first drop of the melting substance to be examined falls from a cup under defined conditions.Apparatus The apparatus (see Figure 2.2.17.-1) consists of 2 metal sheaths (A) and (B) screwed together. Sheath (A) is fixed to a mercury thermometer. A metal cup (F) is loosely fixed to the lower part of sheath (B) by means of 2 tightening bands (E). Fixed supports (D) 2 mm long determine the exact position of the cup in addition to which they are used to centre the thermometer. A hole (C) pierced in the wall of sheath (B) is used to balance the pressure. The draining surface of the cup must be flat and the edges of the outflow orifice must be at right angles to it. The lower part of the mercury thermometer has the form and size shown in the Figure; it covers a range from 0 °C to 110 °C and on its scale a distance of 1 mm represents a difference of 1 °C. The mercury reservoir of the thermometer has a diameter of 3.5 ±0.2 mm and a height of 6.0 ± 0.3 mm. The apparatus is placed in the axis of a tube about 200 mm long and with an external diameter of about 40 mm. It is fixed to the test-tube by means of a stopper through which the thermometer passes, and is provided with a side groove. The opening of the cup is placed about 15 mm from the bottom of the test-tube. The whole device is immersed in a beaker with a capacity of about 1 litre, filled with water. The bottom of the test-tube is placed about 25 mm from the bottom of the beaker. The water level reaches the upper part of sheath (A). A stirrer is used to ensure that the temperature of the water remains uniform.Method Fill the cup to the brim with the substance to be examined, without melting it, unless otherwise prescribed. Remove the excess substance at the 2 ends of the cup with a spatula. When sheaths (A) and (B) have been assembled press the cup into its housing insheath (B) until it touches the supports. Remove with a spatula the substance pushed out by the thermometer. Place the apparatus in the water-bath as described above. Heat thewater-bath and when the temperature is at about 10 °C below the presumed drop point, adjust the heating rate to about 1 °C/min. Note the temperature at the fall of the first drop. Carry out at least 3 determinations, each time with a fresh sample of the substance. The difference between the readings must not exceed 3 °C. The mean of three readings is the drop point of the substance.Method IV(Ph. Eur. method 2.2.15)For certain substances, the following method is used to determine the melting point (also referred to as slip point and rising melting point when determined by this method).Use glass capillary tubes open at both ends, about 80 mm long, having an external diameter of 1.4 mm to 1.5 mm and an internal diameter of 1.0 mm to 1.2 mm.Introduce into each of 5 capillary tubes a sufficient amount of the substance, previously treated as described, to form in each tube a column about 10 mm high and allow the tubes to stand for the appropriate time and at the prescribed temperature.Unless otherwise prescribed, substances with a waxy consistency are carefully and completely melted on a water-bath before introduction into the capillary tubes. Allow the tubes to stand at 2-8 °C for 2 h.Attach one of the tubes to a thermometer graduated in 0.5 °C so that the substance is close to the bulb of the thermometer. Introduce the thermometer with the attached tube into a beaker so that the distance between the bottom of the beaker and the lower part of the bulb of the thermometer is 1 cm. Fill the beaker with water to a depth of 5 cm. Increase the temperature of the water gradually at a rate of 1 °C/min.The temperature at which the substance begins to rise in the capillary tube is regarded as the melting point.Repeat the operation with the other 4 capillary tubes and calculate the result as the mean of the 5 readings.Method V(Ph. Eur. method 2.2.16)The instantaneous melting point is calculated using the expression:in which t1 is the first temperature and t2 the second temperature read under the conditions stated below.Apparatus The apparatus consists of a metal block resistant to the substance to be examined, of good heat-conducting capacity, such as brass, with a carefully polished plane upper surface. The block is uniformly heated throughout its mass by means of amicro-adjustable gas heater or an electric heating device with fine adjustment. The block has a cylindrical cavity, wide enough to accomodate a thermometer, which should be maintained with the mercury column in the same position during the calibration of the apparatus and the determination of the melting point of the substance to be examined. The cylindrical cavity is parallel to the upper polished surface of the block and about 3 mm from it. The apparatus is calibrated using appropriate substances of known melting point.Method Heat the block at a suitably rapid rate to a temperature about 10 °C below the presumed melting temperature, then adjust the heating rate to about 1 °C/min. At regular intervals drop a few particles of powdered and, where appropriate, dried substance, prepared as for the capillary tube method, onto the block in the vicinity of the thermometer bulb, cleaning the surface after each test. Record the temperature t1 at which the substance melts instantaneously for the first time in contact with the metal. Stop the heating. During cooling drop a few particles of the substance at regular intervals on the block, cleaning the surface after each test. Record the temperature t2 at which the substance ceases to melt instantaneously when it comes in contact with the metalCalibration of the apparatus The apparatus may be calibrated using melting point reference substances such as those of the World Health Organisation or other appropriate substances.ethod III(Ph. Eur. method 2.2.17)The drop point is the temperature at which the first drop of the melting substance to be examined falls from a cup under defined conditions.Apparatus The apparatus (see Figure 2.2.17.-1) consists of 2 metal sheaths (A) and (B) screwed together. Sheath (A) is fixed to a mercury thermometer. A metal cup (F) is loosely fixed to the lower part of sheath (B) by means of 2 tightening bands (E). Fixed supports (D) 2 mm long determine the exact position of the cup in addition to which they are used to centre the thermometer. A hole (C) pierced in the wall of sheath (B) is used to balance the pressure. The draining surface of the cup must be flat and the edges of the outflow orifice must be at right angles to it. The lower part of the mercury thermometer has the form and size shown in the Figure; it covers a range from 0 °C to 110 °C and on its scale a distance of 1 mm represents a difference of 1 °C. The mercury reservoir of the thermometer has a diameter of 3.5 ±0.2 mm and a height of 6.0 ± 0.3 mm. The apparatus is placed in the axis of a tube about 200 mm long and with an external diameter of about 40 mm. It is fixed to the test-tube by means of a stopper through which the thermometer passes, and is provided with a side groove. The opening of the cup is placed about 15 mm from the bottom of the test-tube. The whole device is immersed in a beaker with a capacity of about 1 litre, filled with water. The bottom of the test-tube is placed about 25 mm from the bottom of the beaker. The water level reaches the upper part of sheath (A). A stirrer is used to ensure that the temperature of the water remains uniform.Method Fill the cup to the brim with the substance to be examined, without melting it, unless otherwise prescribed. Remove the excess substance at the 2 ends of the cup with a spatula. When sheaths (A) and (B) have been assembled press the cup into its housing in sheath (B) until it touches the supports. Remove with a spatula the substance pushed out by the thermometer. Place the apparatus in the water-bath as described above. Heat thewater-bath and when the temperature is at about 10 °C below the presumed drop point, adjust the heating rate to about 1 °C/min. Note the temperature at the fall of the first drop. Carry out at least 3 determinations, each time with a fresh sample of the substance. The difference between the readings must not exceed 3 °C. The mean of three readings is the drop point of the substance.Method IV(Ph. Eur. method 2.2.15)For certain substances, the following method is used to determine the melting point (also referred to as slip point and rising melting point when determined by this method).Use glass capillary tubes open at both ends, about 80 mm long, having an external diameter of 1.4 mm to 1.5 mm and an internal diameter of 1.0 mm to 1.2 mm.Introduce into each of 5 capillary tubes a sufficient amount of the substance, previously treated as described, to form in each tube a column about 10 mm high and allow the tubes to stand for the appropriate time and at the prescribed temperature.Unless otherwise prescribed, substances with a waxy consistency are carefully and completely melted on a water-bath before introduction into the capillary tubes. Allow the tubes to stand at 2-8 °C for 2 h.Attach one of the tubes to a thermometer graduated in 0.5 °C so that the substance is close to the bulb of the thermometer. Introduce the thermometer with the attached tube into a beaker so that the distance between the bottom of the beaker and the lower part of the bulb of the thermometer is 1 cm. Fill the beaker with water to a depth of 5 cm. Increase the temperature of the water gradually at a rate of 1 °C/min.The temperature at which the substance begins to rise in the capillary tube is regarded as the melting point.Repeat the operation with the other 4 capillary tubes and calculate the result as the mean of the 5 readings.Method V(Ph. Eur. method 2.2.16)The instantaneous melting point is calculated using the expression:in which t1 is the first temperature and t2 the second temperature read under the conditions stated below.Apparatus The apparatus consists of a metal block resistant to the substance to be examined, of good heat-conducting capacity, such as brass, with a carefully polished plane upper surface. The block is uniformly heated throughout its mass by means of amicro-adjustable gas heater or an electric heating device with fine adjustment. The block has a cylindrical cavity, wide enough to accomodate a thermometer, which should be maintainedwith the mercury column in the same position during the calibration of the apparatus and the determination of the melting point of the substance to be examined. The cylindrical cavity is parallel to the upper polished surface of the block and about 3 mm from it. The apparatus is calibrated using appropriate substances of known melting point.Method Heat the block at a suitably rapid rate to a temperature about 10 °C below the presumed melting temperature, then adjust the heating rate to about 1 °C/min. At regular intervals drop a few particles of powdered and, where appropriate, dried substance, prepared as for the capillary tube method, onto the block in the vicinity of the thermometer bulb, cleaning the surface after each test. Record the temperature t1 at which the substance melts instantaneously for the first time in contact with the metal. Stop the heating. During cooling drop a few particles of the substance at regular intervals on the block, cleaning the surface after each test. Record the temperature t2 at which the substance ceases to melt instantaneously when it comes in contact with the metalCalibration of the apparatus The apparatus may be calibrated using melting point reference substances such as those of the World Health Organisation or other appropriate substances.h. Eur. method 2.2.24)Infrared spectrophotometers are used for recording spectra in the region of 4000-650 cm-1 (2.5-15.4 µm) or in some cases down to 200 cm-1 (50 µm).ApparatusSpectrophotometers for recording spectra consist of a suitable light source, monochromator or interferometer and detector.Fourier transform spectrophotometers use polychromatic radiation and calculate the spectrum in the frequency domain from the original data by Fourier transformation. Spectrophotometers fitted with an optical system capable of producing monochromatic radiation in the measurement region may also be used. Normally the spectrum is given as a function of transmittance, the quotient of the intensity of the transmitted radiation and the incident radiation. It may also be given in absorbance.The absorbance (A) is defined as the logarithm to base 10 of the reciprocal of the transmittance (T):T=I0=intensity of incident radiation,I=intensity of transmitted radiation.Preparation of the sampleFor recording by transmission or absorptionPrepare the substance by one of the following methods.Liquids Examine a liquid either in the form of a film between 2 plates transparent to infrared radiation, or in a cell of suitable path length, also transparent to infrared radiation.Liquids or solids in solution Prepare a solution in a suitable solvent. Choose a concentration and a path length of the cell which give a satisfactory spectrum. Generally, good results are obtained with concentrations of 10-100 g/l for a path length of 0.5-0.1 mm. Absorption due to the solvent is compensated by placing in the reference beam a similar cell containing the solvent used. If an FT-IR instrument is used, the absorption is compensated by recording the spectra for the solvent and the sample successively. The solvent absorbance, corrected by a compensation factor, is subtracted using calculation software.Solids Examine solids dispersed in a suitable liquid (mull) or in a solid (halide disc), as appropriate. If prescribed in the monograph, make a film of a molten mass between 2 plates transparent to infrared radiation.A. MullTriturate a small quantity of the substance to be examined with the minimum quantity of liquid paraffin R or other suitable liquid; 5-10 mg of the substance to be examined is usually sufficient to make an adequate mull using one drop of liquid paraffin R. Compress the mull between 2 plates transparent to infrared radiation.B. DiscTriturate 1-2 mg of the substance to be examined with 300-400 mg, unless otherwise specified, of finely powdered and dried potassium bromide R or potassium chloride R. These quantities are usually sufficient to give a disc of 10-15 mm diameter and a spectrum of suitable intensity. If the substance is a hydrochloride, it is recommended to use potassium chloride R. Carefully grind the mixture, spread it uniformly in a suitable die, and submit it to a pressure of about 800 MPa (8 t·cm-2). For substances that are unstable under normal atmospheric conditions or are hygroscopic, the disc is pressed in vacuo. Several factors may cause the formation of faulty discs, such as insufficient or excessive grinding, humidity or other impurities in the dispersion medium or an insufficient reduction of particle size. A disc is rejected if visual examination shows lack of uniform transparency or when transmittance at about 2000 cm-1 (5 µm) in the absence of a specific absorption band is less than 60 per cent without compensation, unless otherwise prescribed.Gases Examine gases in a cell transparent to infrared radiation and having an optical path length of about 100 mm. Evacuate the cell and fill to the desired pressure through a stopcock or needle valve using a suitable gas transfer line between the cell and the container of the gas to be examined.If necessary adjust the pressure in the cell to atmospheric pressure using a gas transparentto infrared radiation (for example nitrogen R and argon R). To avoid absorption interferences due to water, carbon dioxide or other atmospheric gases, place in the reference beam, if possible, an identical cell that is either evacuated or filled with the gas transparent to infrared radiation.For recording by diffuse reflectanceSolids Triturate a mixture of the substance to be examined with finely powdered and dried potassium bromide R or potassium chloride R. Use a mixture containing approximately 5 per cent of the substance, unless otherwise specified. Grind the mixture, place it in a sample cup and examine the reflectance spectrum.The spectrum of the sample in absorbance mode may be obtained after mathematical treatment of the spectra by the Kubelka-Munk function.For recording by attenuated total reflectionAttenuated total reflection (including multiple reflection) involves light being reflected internally by a transmitting medium, typically for a number of reflections. However, several accessories exist where only one reflection occurs.Prepare the substance as follows. Place the substance to be examined in close contact with an internal reflection element (IRE) such as diamond, germanium, zinc selenide, thallium bromide-thallium iodide (KRS-5) or another suitable material of high refractive index. Ensure close and uniform contact between the substance and the whole crystal surface of the internal reflection element, either by applying pressure or by dissolving the substance in an appropriate solvent, then covering the IRE with the obtained solution and evaporating to dryness. Examine the attenuated total reflectance (ATR) spectrum.Identification using reference substancesPrepare the substance to be examined and the reference substance by the same procedure and record the spectra between 4000-650 cm-1 (2.5-15.4 µm) under the same operational conditions. The transmission minima (absorption maxima) in the spectrum obtained with the substance to be examined correspond in position and relative size to those in the spectrum obtained with the reference substance (CRS).When the spectra recorded in the solid state show differences in the positions of the transmission minima (absorption maxima), treat the substance to be examined and the reference substance in the same manner so that they crystallise or are produced in the same form, or proceed as prescribed in the monograph, then record the spectra.Identification using reference spectraControl of resolution performance For instruments having a monochromator, record the spectrum of a polystyrene film approximately 35 µm in thickness. The difference x (see Figure 2.2.24.-1) between the percentage transmittance at the transmission maximum A at 2870 cm-1 (3.48 µm) and that at the transmission minimum B at 2849.5 cm-1 (3.51 µm) must be greater than 18. The difference y between the percentage transmittance at the transmission maximum C at 1589 cm-1(6.29 µm) and that at the transmission minimum D at 1583 cm-1 (6.32 µm) must be greater than 10.。
Effect-of-cryogenic-treatment-on-tensile-behavior-of-case-carburized-steel-815M17
Effect of cryogenic treatment on tensile behaviorof case carburized steel-815M17A.Bensely a,⁎,D.Senthilkumar a ,D.Mohan Lal a ,G.Nagarajan a ,A.Rajadurai baDepartment of Mechanical Engineering,Anna University,Sardar Patel Road,Chennai-600025,IndiabDepartment of Production Engineering,Madras Institute of Technology,Chrompet,Anna University,Chennai-600044,IndiaReceived 25April 2006;accepted 20June 2006AbstractThe crown wheel and pinion represent the most highly stressed parts of a heavy vehicle;these are typically made of 815M17steel.wear and fatigue.The modern processes as well as conventional heat treatment.It helps to This paper deals with the influence of cryogenic studying the tensile properties of gear steels is to gears are subjected to tensile or fatigue loads,and to provide basic design information on the strength of 815M17steel.A comparative study on the effects of deep cryogenic treatment (DCT),shallow cryogenic treatment (SCT)and conventional heat treatment (CHT)was made by means of tension testing.This test was conducted as per ASTM standard designation E 8M.The present results confirm that the tensile behavior is marginally reduced after cryogenic treatment (i.e.both shallow and deep cryogenic treatment)for 815M17when compared with conventional heat treatment.Scanning electron microscopic (SEM)analysis of the fracture surface indicates the presence of dimples and flat fracture regions are more common in SCT specimens than for CHT and DCT-processed material.©2006Elsevier Inc.All rights reserved.Keywords:Deep cryogenic treatment;Subzero treatment;Case carburized steel;Gear failure;Tensile strength1.IntroductionOwing to globalization,industry must avoid compro-mising quality in order to compete in the market.Pres-ently,the growth of the automobile industry is increasing tremendously.Research efforts are widespread with a view to improving the life and performance of compo-nents in automotive,aircraft,racing engine,firearms,etc.applications by various treatments.Over the past fewdecades,research interest has been shown in the effect of cryogenic treatment on the performance of steels.Sup-plementing cryogenic treatment to conventional heat treatment processes may help the manufacturer to achieve high durable component.Cryogenic treatment is an in-expensive one-time treatment that influences the core properties of the component,unlike purely surface treat-ments.In the present research work,improving the mechanical properties of crown wheel and pinion com-ponents by cryogenic treatment is considered.Both the crown wheel and the pinion are made from high chromium nickel steel.They are highly stressed,Materials Characterization 58(2007)485–491⁎Corresponding author.Tel.:+914422203262;fax:+914422203255.E-mail address:benzlee@ (A.Bensely).1044-5803/$-see front matter ©2006Elsevier Inc.All rights reserved.doi:10.1016/j.matchar.2006.06.019expensive components of an automobile.If one fails both have to be replaced.These components undergo frequent fatigue failures and wear failures due to overloading,poor heat treatment,improper material characteristics,etc.[1].Cryogenic treatment is generally classified as either shallow cryogenic treatment(SCT),sometimes referred as subzero treatment(193K),or deep cryogenic treatment (DCT)(77K)based on the treatment temperature.Nor-mally,SCT or subzero treatment are widely used for high precision parts in order to have high dimensional stability. However,DCT may also be employed due to the in-creased benefits reported in terms of wear resistance and compressive residual stress compared with SCT[2,3].2.Background and supplemental informationIn the present study,the material studied is case car-burized steel(815M17).Typical applications of this material are heavy-duty gears,shafts,pinions,rocker arms,camshafts,gudgeon pins,push rod leads,levers, bushes,and other small arm components.The conven-tional heat treatment of815M17includes carburizing, hardening,quenching and tempering.Due to carburiza-tion,the carbon content in the case of the component will increase to approximately1%from the base composition 0.17%.This increased carbon content leads to retention of austenite after hardening,which is not beneficial for the component under service.Hence,this retained austenite has to be converted to martensite.To eliminate the re-tained austenite,cryogenic treatment(SCT or DCT)is employed.The conversion of retained austenite to mar-tensite increases the toughness and dimensional stability of the component[4].The formation of a higher carbide concentration by the cryogenic treatment will result in increased wear resistance,reduced friction,and improved dimensional stability[5].In order to determine the potential benefits of cryo-genic treatments on the performance of tensile strength and plastic elongation,tension tests were carried out for CHT,SCT and DCT samples.3.Literature surveyThe results of a literature survey on the effects of cryogenic treatment of materials is discussed below.Barron[6]conducted preliminary tests to determine the effect of cryogenic treatment on lathe tools,end mills,and zone punches and concluded that an increase in tool life from50%to more than200%was observed for the tools which had been soaked in liquid nitrogen for12h.Meng et al.[7]studied the effect of cryogenic treatment on the wear behavior of Fe–12Cr–Mo–V–1.4C tool steel.The results showed a dramatic increase in wear resistance,especially at high sliding speeds.Microstructural analysis of the sample after cryogenic treatment showed the presence of fine carbide precipitates of size in the range of10nm;these were characterized asη-carbide.The formation ofη-carbide helps to improve the wear resistance.Molinari and Pellizzari[8]mentioned that cryogenic treatment improves the mechanical properties of material by allowing the molecules of the material to compress and expand in a uniform,homogeneous manner and then to be realigned in a more coherent fashion,thus reducing internal stress and thereby increasing the life of components.Mohanlal et al.[9]studied the effect of cryogenic treatment on T1type-high speed steel and found that the conversion of retained austenite to martensite is an iso-thermal process.The maximum hardness was attained by soaking at203K,which led to a hardness of67HRc. Microstructural analysis showed that large alloy carbides were broken into finely dispersed carbides when treated for more than2h,irrespective of soaking temperature. Wilson[10]concluded that cryogenically treating slitter knives in paper mills increases the lifetime by more than 500%.The improvement in wear life is due to complete transformation of the retained austenite to martensite at cryogenic temperatures;the amount of retained austenite in typical steel is reduced by a factor of three by the cryogenic treatment.This leads to a small increase in the size of the component,and enhanced stability of the component.Alexandru Ailincai and Baciu[11]men-tioned that the structure of cryogenically cooled metallic materials has a more uniform and dense microstructure than non-cryogenically treated samples.In addition, cryogenic cooling induced the occurrence of very fine carbides with dimensions less than1μm,which occupy microvoids and contribute to an increase of the density. Bensely et al.[12]studied the wear resistance of case carburized EN353steel after shallow and deep cryogenic treatment and concluded that the improvement over conventional heat treatment was85%and372%for SCT and DCT,respectively.Based on the above literature survey,it is concluded that cryogenic treatment has the potential to improve the mechanical properties of steel.In order to study the effect of cryogenic treatment on tensile behavior,the present research work has been carried out.4.Experimental procedure4.1.Specimen preparationIn the present study,15tensile specimens were ma-chined from raw material(815M17).The chemical486 A.Bensely et al./Materials Characterization58(2007)485–491DCT也常用作提高摩擦力和消除残余压应力等温过程保存渗碳初步的车床压缩扩张同种的重新排列互相结合的丆清晰明了的凝塑的composition of this steel is tabulated in Table1and the tensile test specimen is shown in Fig.1.The15machined samples were divided into4groups, namely Group A,Group B,Group C and Group D.Group A consists of3samples whereas all other groups consist of 4samples each.The Group A samples were kept as such to determine the raw material(815M17)behavior and the remaining Group B,Group C and Group D samples were subjected to CHT,SCT and DCT,respectively.After various thermal treatments it was found that one Group D sample had a machining error.Hence,it was rejected and only3samples were included in Group D.The tensile tests were conducted as per ASTM standard“Standard test methods for tension testing of metallic materials-designation:E8M”[13].The tensile testing machine used for the test was an Instron5500series which has a test frame with a100kN load cell,calibrated to ASTM E4 requirements.The extensometer,calibrated to ASTM E 83requirements,was a20-mm clip-on device(not dual averaging due to the brittle nature of the material failing in the elastic region),Class B-1.The specimens were placed in the grips of the tensile testing machine at a specified grip separation and pulled until failure.A specimen in the grips of the machine with extensometer attached is shown in Fig.2.The test was conducted by the strain control method up to the yield point with a speed of0.005min−1.As the extensometer is an expensive,highly sensitive,accurate measuring device,it was removed prior to fracture to avoid damage.The test setup was not affected by the removal of extensometer.Fig.3shows the specimen being measured for the change in gauge length and reduction in area after fracture.4.2.Heat treatment of815M17Numerous industrial applications such as gears,crown wheel and pinion required a hard wear-resistant surface and a soft tough core.Carburization is one process to achieve these properties.4.2.1.Conventional heat treatment(CHT)The conventional heat treatment cycle consists of carburizing,air-cooling,quench-hardening in oil,fol-lowed by tempering.The machined tensile specimens (Group B,Group C and Group D)were placed in a bath of molten cyanide.Carbon will diffuse from the molten cyanide bath into the specimen.The carburizing temper-ature was1203K(930°C)and the cycle time was4h.The material after carburizing was air-cooled.This was followed by quench-hardening process.In the quench-hardening process,the specimens were heated at(1105K) 832°C and soaked for1h and rapidly quenched in oil at (303K)30°C.After quench-hardening,the3groups were segregated.Group B samples were immediately subjected to tempering.This process consists of reheating the hardened steel to150°C for1.5h and cooling it in air in order to impart toughness.It is carried out to reduceTable1Chemical composition of815M17(wt.%)Carbon Silicon Manganese Phosphorus Sulphur Chromium Nickel Molybdenum0.170.190.920.0180.031 1.09 1.050.11Fig.1.Tensile test specimen.487A.Bensely et al./Materials Characterization58(2007)485–491brittleness,even though sacrificing some hardness and tensile strength,to relieve internal stresses,and to increase toughness and ductility.The segregated Group C and Group D samples were immediately subjected to the SCT and DCT processes,respectively.4.2.2.Cryogenic treatmentThe retained austenite present after the conventional heat treatment process after hardening can be alleviated by means of cryogenic treatment.Because in most of the steel,the martensite finish temperature doesn't lie above room temperature,the steel has to be cooled still further from room temperature to achieve 100%martensite.Cryogenic treatment is an extension of conventional heat treatment by which it is possible to achieve 100%martensite.This treatment alters the material microstructure and enhances the strength and wear properties.Presently,two types of practice are available —SCT or DCT.For maximumbenefit,the cryogenic treatment should be introduced between the hardening and tempering process.4.2.2.1.Shallow cryogenic treatment (SCT).Group C samples,after quench-hardening in the conventional process,were directly placed in a mechanical freezer,which was at 193K,and soaked for 5h.Then it was removed from the freezer and allowed to reach ambient temperature.The samples were then tempered at 423K (150°C)for 1.5h.The tempering process is used to ensure that there is no brittle,untempered martensite when the component is put into service.4.2.2.2.Deep cryogenic treatment (DCT).Group D samples,after quench-hardening in the conventional process,were directly subjected to deepcryogenicFig.2.Tensile testingmachine.Fig.3.Experimental setup for gauge length measurement.Table 2Tensile test results ConditionsSpecimen identification Tensile strength (MPa)Average (MPa)%Elongation Average %Rawmaterial (Group A)A 7552220B 785768.318C 76520CHT (Group B)D 142012950.40.2E 13000.2F 12300.1G 12300.1SCT(Group C)H 13001275.75–0.1I 1300–J 12430.1K 12600.1DCT (Group D)L 11101174––M 1070–N1342–Fig.4.SEM fractograph of a Group A sample.488 A.Bensely et al./Materials Characterization 58(2007)485–491treatment.The samples were slowly cooled from room temperature to 77K at 1.24K/min,soaked at 77K for 24h,and finally heated back to room temperature at 0.64K/min.These very low temperatures were achieved using computer controls in a well-insulated treatment chamber with liquid nitrogen as the working fluid.This treatment enhances the desired metallurgical and struc-tural properties by completing the transformation of austenite to martensite.The samples were then tempered at 423K (150°C)for 1.5h.5.Results and discussion 5.1.Tensile strengthThe tensile strength is the value most frequently re-corded and cited from the results of a tension test.How-ever,it is a value of little fundamental significance with regard to the strength of a metal.For ductile metals,the tensile strength should be regarded as a measure of the maximum load that a metal can withstand under the very restrictive conditions of uniaxial loading.This value bears little relation to the useful strength of structural members.However,because of the long practice of using the tensile strength to describe the strength of materials,it has become a familiar property,and as such,it is a useful identification of a material in the same sense that the chemical com-position serves to identify a metal or alloy.Furthermore,because the tensile strength is easy to determine and is a reproducible property,it is useful for the purposes of specification,to design components to withstand applica-tion forces and for quality control of a product.For brittle materials,the tensile strength is a valid design criterion.The results of the tensile test for the material 815M17are given in Table 2for the raw material,as well as the CHT,SCT and DCTsamples.Fig.5.SEM fractograph of the case region of a Group B CHTsample.Fig.6.SEM fractograph of the case region of a Group C SCTsample.Fig.7.SEM fractograph of the case region of a Group D DCTsample.Fig.8.SEM fractograph of the core region of a Group B CHT sample.489A.Bensely et al./Materials Characterization 58(2007)485–4915.2.Percent elongationPercent elongation is an indication to the designer,in a general way,of the ability of the metal to flow plastically before fracture.A high ductility indicates to the designer that the material is “forgiving ”and likely to deform locally without fracture.Ductility measurements may be speci-fied to assess material “Quality ”even though no direct relationship exists between the ductility measurement and performance in service.The percent elongation of all the CHT and SCT specimens is quite low and approximately the same.For the DCT specimens,the percent elongation was sufficiently negligible that it was not detected.5.3.FractographyFracture surfaces of all treated specimens were ob-served in detail by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).The SEM pictures were taken in the central region of the fracture as well as at the case of the fractured CHT,SCT and DCT specimens.Fig.4shows the presence of large dimples and microvoids on the fracture surface of a Group A,non-heat treated sample.The widely distributed dim-ples and voids attest to the extensive plastic deformation prior to fracture.Figs.5–7are micrographs of the near-surface case regions of fractures of CHT,SCT and DCT samples,respectively.Figs.5and 6clearly indicate the existence of both transgranular and intergranular facets on the CHT and SCT samples.Fig.7shows primarily intergranular brittle fracture near the surface of a DCT sample.These features are reflected in the slightly higher tensile strength for the CHT and SCT samples compared to the DCT samples.Figs.8–10show scanning micrographs of the core fracture regions of CHT,SCT and CDT samples,re-spectively.Fig.8,for a CHT sample,shows the presenceof mixed mode,ductile brittle fracture,with about 50%ductile dimpled appearance,and 50%flat facets in-dicating the occurrence of brittle fracture.Fig.9,a SCT sample,shows more ductility than the DCT in Fig.10.The SCT sample shows the presence of about 75%dimpled fracture and 25%flat facets.Fig.10,the DCT sample,shows 50%dimpled appearance and 50%flat facets,indicating limited ductility.6.ConclusionsThe study indicates a reduction in tensile strength for SCT and DCT samples over CHT by a factor of 1.5%and 9.34%,respectively.However,considering the improve-ment achieved in earlier studies for wear resistance,where improvements of 85%for SCT and 372%for DCT were reported,the marginal reduction in tensile strength sug-gests the reduced tensile strength is an acceptable tradeoff in the optimization efforts.The SEM analyses of the frac-ture surfaces indicate the occurrence of more extensive microvoids and microcracks formation for the SCT sam-ples compared to those prepared by the cryogenic SCTand DCT heat treatments.AcknowledgementsThe Westmoreland Mechanical and Testing and Research Limited,Westmoreland Building,Beaumont Road,Industrial Estate,Banbury,Oxon,UK has sup-ported this research work by conducting the test as per ASTM standard.The authors would like to thank Chris Wiseman,Technical and Development Manager and Maggie Beal,Quality Manager and the company for the help rendered towards the successful completion of the work without any commercialaspects.Fig.9.SEM fractograph of the core region of a Group C SCTsample.Fig.10.SEM fractograph of the core region of a Group D DCT sample.490 A.Bensely et al./Materials Characterization 58(2007)485–491References[1]ASM.Mechanical testing and evaluation.ASM handbook,vol.8;2000.p.861–72.[2]Prabhakaran A,Bensely A,Nagarajan G,Mohanlal D.Effect ofcryogenic treatment on impact strength of case carburized steel-En353.Proceedings of IMEC2004international mechanical engineering conference;2004.p.1–5.[3]Johan Singh P,Guha B.Fatigue life improvement of AISI304Lcruciform welded joints by cryogenic treatment.Eng Fail Anal 2003;10:1–12.[4]Mohan Lal D,Renganarayanan S,Kalanidhi A.Cryogenic treatmentto augment wear resistance of tool and die steels.Cryogenics 2001;41:149–55.[5]Huag JY,Zhu YT.Microstructure of cryogenic treated M2toolsteel.Mater Sci Eng,A Struct Mater:Prop Microstruct Process 2003;339:241–4.[6]Barron RF.Effect of cryogenic treatment on lathe tool wear.ProgRefrig Sci Technol1973;1:529–33.[7]Meng Fanju,Tagashira Kohsuke,Azuma Ryo,Kishoma Hidea.Role of eta-carbide precipitations in the wear resistance improve-ments of Fe–12Cr–Mo–V–1.4C tool steel by the cryogenic treatment.ISIJ Int1994;34:205–10.[8]Molinari M,Pellizzari.Effect of deep cryogenic treatment on themechanical properties of tool steels.Mater Process Technol 2001;118:350–5.[9]Mohanlal D,Renganarayanan S,Kalanidhi.Effect of cryotreat-ment on T1type high speed steel tool material.Indian J Cryog 1996;21(2):41–4.[10]Wilson V.Ultra-cold treatment up heavy duty tool wear.Iron Age1971;207(6):58.[11]Alexandru,Ailincai G,Baciu C.Influence of cryogenic treatmentson life of alloyed high speed steels.Mem Etud Sci Rev Metall 1990;4:203–6.[12]Bensely A,Prabhakaran A,Mohan Lal D,Nagarajan G.Enhancingthe wear resistance of case carburized steel(En353)by cryogenic treatment.Cryogenics2005;45:747–54.[13]Standard test methods for tension testing of metallic materials-designation:E8,2004,Annual Book of ASTM Standard, V olume03.01.491A.Bensely et al./Materials Characterization58(2007)485–491。
USP 干燥失重法中英文对照
<731>LOSS ON DRYINGThe procedure set forth in this chapter determines the amount of volatile matter of any kind that is driven off under the conditions specified.For substances appearing to contain water as the only volatile constituent, the procedure given in the chapter,Water Determination921,is appropriate,and is specified in the individual monograph.Mix and accurately weigh the substance to be tested,and,unless otherwise directed in the individual monograph,conduct the determination on1to 2g.If the test specimen is in the form of large crystals,reduce the particle size to about2mm by quickly crushing.Tare a glass-stoppered, shallow weighing bottle that has been dried for30minutes under the same conditions to be employed in the determination.Put the test specimen in the bottle,replace the cover,and accurately weigh the bottle and the contents.By gentle,sidewise shaking,distribute the test specimen as evenly as practicable to a depth of about5mm generally,and not more than10mm in the case of bulky materials.Place the loaded bottle in the drying chamber,removing the stopper and leaving it also in the chamber. Dry the test specimen at the temperature and for the time specified in the monograph.[NOTE—The temperature specified in the monograph is to be regarded as being within the range of±2of the stated figure.]Upon opening the chamber,close the bottle promptly,and allow it to come to room temperature in a desiccator before weighing.If the substance melts at a lower temperature than that specified for the determination of Loss on drying,maintain the bottle with its contents for1to2hours at a temperature5to10below the melting temperature, then dry at the specified temperature.Where the specimen under test is Capsules,use a portion of the mixed contents of not fewer than4capsules.Where the specimen under test is Tablets,use powder from not fewer than 4tablets ground to a fine powder.Where the individual monograph directs that loss on drying be determined by thermogravimetric analysis,a sensitive electrobalance is to be used.Where drying in vacuum over a desiccant is directed in the individual monograph,a vacuum desiccator or a vacuum drying pistol,or other suitable vacuum drying apparatus,is to be used.Where drying in a desiccator is specified,exercise particular care to ensure that the desiccant is kept fully effective by frequent replacement.Where drying in a capillary-stoppered bottle*in vacuum is directed in the individual monograph,use a bottle or tube fitted with a stopper having a225±25µm diameter capillary,and maintain the heating chamber at a pressure of5mm or less of mercury.At the end of the heating period, admit dry air to the heating chamber,remove the bottle,and with the capillary stopper still in place allow it to cool in a desiccator before weighing.本章中给出的方法阐述了在特定的条件下物质中的挥发性成分的测定。
CTI Cryogenics overview
M-350 P/N 8039194
M-1050 P/N 8004502
© 2015 Brooks Automation, Inc. • Proprietary Information
Single-Stage Cryodyne® Specification
Typical Performance 0 watts @ 30K 10 watts @ 77K 0 watts @ 30K 25 watts @ 77K 0 watts @ 30K 80 watts @ 77K Cooldown Time/minutes 24 to 80K Required Compressor_ 8200
© 2015 Brooks Automation, Inc. • Proprietary Information
Refrigerator Operation
Cycle Begins With Displacer at TDC Inlet Valve Opens Displacer Moves Downward Helium Fills Void
CTI-Cryogenics Product Line Overview
2015 Sept
© 2015 Brooks Automation, Inc. • Proprietary Information
Cryopumps and Cryopump Systems
CTI-Cryogenics®: World leader in cryogenic vacuum technology
© 2015 Brooks Automation, Inc. • Proprietary Information
Refrigerator Operation
鞋子各部位中英文对照
鞋子各部位中英文对照帮面-UPPER 后帮-BACK COUNTER 内里-LINING大底-OUTSOLE 中底-INSOLE 中底标-INSOLE LABEL鞋眼-EYELET 鞋眼片-EYELET STAY 鞋带-LACE魔术扣-VELCRO 鞋舌-TONGUE 鞋跟-HEEL靴帮-CUT 高帮-HIGHT CUT 低帮-LOW CUT 边墙-SIDE SHOE 沿条-WELT 刺绣-EMBROIDERY扣子-BUCKLE 拉练-ZIPPER 松紧带-ELASTIC LACE（GROE）饰片-ORNAMENT 铁心-SHANK 加强带-REINFORCE TAPE泡棉-FOAM 飞机板-INSERTER 跟皮-HEEL COVER鞋鞍-SADDLE 满帮-WHOLE V AMP 鞋垫（中底垫皮）-SOCK LINING 鞋面前端-VAMP 鞋头-TOE CAP 套头-TOE BOX鞋领-COLLAR 鞋腰QUARTER 滴塑片-PLASTIC PIECE鞋统-SHAFT 滚边-BINDING 鞋后开口-OPEN BACK2、品名（ITEM）运动鞋-SPORT SHOES 反绒皮-SWEDE SHOES 休闲鞋-CASUAL SHOES皮鞋-LEATHER SHOES 注塑鞋-INJECTION SHOES 时装鞋-FASHION SHOES靴子-BOOT 拖鞋-SLIPPER 毛绒鞋-ANIMAL SHOES（PLUSH）沙滩鞋-BEACH SANDAL 室内鞋-INDOOR SHOES 布鞋-CANV AS SHOES凉鞋-SANDAL3、颜色（COLOUR）深色-DARK/D. 浅色-LIGHT/L. 银色-SILVER灰色-GREY 黑色-BLACK 嫩绿色-SPRING MINT深绿色-AUGUST GREEN 浅绿色-CITRUS GREEN 草绿色GREEN 05（LIT GREEN）鲜绿色-DESERT WEED 青绿色-SUBLE MOSS 绿色-NEW LIGHT MINT（GREEN）水晶色-CRYSTALLINE 白色-WHITE 天蓝色-SUN LIGHT BLUE粉蓝-LIL Y SKY 蓝色-CLASSIC N**Y 宝蓝-VIVID TURQUOISE（ROYAL ~）蓝色-BLUE 海蓝-N**Y 水蓝色-MEDIUM BLUE深棕色-DERBY BROWN 浅棕色-ZONE NA TURAL 棕色-CREAM SODA（BROWN）淡紫-LILAC 紫色-PURPLE 浅紫色-DRY ROSE红色-RED 嫩粉色-LIL Y BLUSH 铁红色-RUST桔红色-CORAL HAZE 粉红-TAWNY BLUSH（PINK）中国红-MEDIUM RED（COUNTRY ~）浅粉红-PALE PINK KISS 桃红-JCP FUSHCIA 桔色-LIL Y ORANGE金色-PALE GOLD 银色-SILVER 骨色-TIMBER BORN(IVORY)茶色-TAWNEY 酒色-WINE 镍色-NICKEL深咖啡-AUTUMN MINK 咖啡色-GLOBAL BROWN 冰咖色-ICED COFFEE黄色-SUNKING 深黄色-BUTTER CUP 浅黄色-YES YELLOW米黄色-POLOERE 黄褐色-CAMEL 05 驼色-CAMEL米色-BEIGE KISS 大米色-RICE 象牙色-IVORYKISS柠檬色-LAUREL 奶油色-BUTTER MILK 干草色-PALE HAY烟色-TAUPE **OKE 原木色-SANDAL WOOD 卡其色-KAKI沙色-TOASTED ALMOND4、材料(MA TERIAL)皮-LEATHER 软皮-CASTING LEATHER 反绒皮-SWEDE LEATHER猪皮-PIG SKIN 橡胶-RUBBER 塑料-PLASTIC注塑-INJECTION 纺织布-TEXTILE 打蜡皮-BURNISHED LEATHER帆布-CANV AS 弹力布-L YCRA 水牛皮-BUFFALO HIDE牛皮-COW LEATHER 纳帕PU-NAPA PU 拉米-LAMY合成革-SYNTHE PU牛巴-PU NUBOCK 网布--MESH整片底-UNIT SOLE EV A底-EV A SOLE 钉子-NAIL布类-FABRIC 麻布-JUTE 胶-GLUE/CEMENT皮克隆-PICALON 特丽可得-TRICOT 天皮-TOP LIFT/HELL LIFT打包带-PE TAPE5、包装（PACKAGE）塑料袋-POL Y BAG 挂钩-HOOK 彩盒-COLOUR BOX字母扣-NYLON STRING 尺码标-SIZE LABEL 成分标-INGREDIENT LABEL 挂牌-HANGTAG 环保标-GREEN POINT 货号-MODEL配码-ASSORTMENT 布标-TEXTILE LABEL 商标-LOGO麦头-MARK 正麦-MAIN MARK 侧麦-SIDE MARK双-PAIR 双数-PAIRAGE 纸箱-CARTON箱-CASE 纸盒-BOX 纸板-CARDBOARD包装纸-TISSUE PAPER 干燥剂-SILICA GEL 价格标签-PRICE TICKET标签-TAG LABEL TICKET 胶带-TEPE 橡皮筋-ELASTIC BAND层-LAYER 长度-LENGTH 立方-CUBIC毛重-GROSS WEIGHT 净重-NET WEIGHT6、鞋类用具名称钳子-PINCER 布尺-TAPE 前帮机-TOE LASTING MACHINE剪刀-SCISSORS 输送带-CONVEROR 针车-STITCHING MACHINE毛刷-BRUSH 斩刀-CUTTING DIE 包装机-PACKING MACHINE铁捶-HAMMER 尺-RULER 后帮机-COUNTER LASTING M~空气枪-AIR GUN 鞋拔-SHOE HORN 裁断机-CUTTING MACHINE打钉机-NAILING M~ 模子-MOLD 压底机-SOLE PRESS MACHINE硬度计-HARDNESS TESTER 厚度计-THICKNESS TESTER 拉力机-TENSILE STRENGH TESTER温度计-MOISTURE TESTER7、制鞋过程裁断-CUTTING 针车-STITCHING 成型-LASTING攀鞋-WRAPPING 入前套-LAY TOE BOX 上糊-CEMENTING后帮-COUNTER LASTING 前帮-TOE LASTING 拔钉-PULL-OUT STAPLE削皮-SKIVING 清洁CLEAN 贴底-SOLE LAYING修边-FOLDING 加热-HEA TING 冷却-COOLING入楦-PUT-ON LAST 除楦-TAKE-OURT LAST 贴鞋垫-SOCK LAYING包装-PACKING 磨粗-BUFF 打蜡-WAXING8、定单应用定单号码-ORDER NO. 定单日期-DATE OF ORDER 交货日期-DELIVERY DATE工厂号码-FACTORY NO. 型体-STYLE 客户库存号码-CUST. STOCK NO.制造者-MFG 装船日期-SHIPPING DATE 客户定单号码-CUST. ORDER NO. 进货港口-PORT OF ENTRY9、鞋类缺点发霉-GET MILDEW 碎屑-CHIP 纸样错了-WRONG PATTERN太钝-TOO DULL 起毛-HAIRY 鞋面皱折-VAMP WRINKLE不配双-NOT IN PAIR 鞋面裂开-V AMP SPLIT OFF 线不平均-STITCHING NOT EVEN 鞋面掀开-V AMP OPEN UP 跟不正-HEEL NOT STRAIGHT 中底发角-ANGLE ON INSOLE裁断错误-WRONG CUTTING 贴底不正确-SOLE LAYING NOT PROPER鞋不平均-WRAPPING NOT EVEN 后带太高/低-BACKSTRAP TOO HIGH/LOW攀脱胶-CEMENT COMES OFF 大底不平-OUTSOLE NOT **OOTH跟粘上胶-CEMENT ON HEEL 接着力不够-CEMENT NOT GOOD清洁度不够-CLEANESS NOT ENOUGH 鞋头陷下去-TOE BROKEN DOWN钉子露出来-STAPLE COMESOFF 颜色不配合-COLOUR NOT MA TCHINE不照记号本-STITCHING NOT ON MARK10、贸易常识批发-WHOLE SALE 储藏-HOARD 成本价-COST PRICE内行-ADEPT 发票-INVOICE 大量生产-MASS PRODUCTION廉价-SALE 验货员-INSPECTOR 检验员-INSPECTION SHEET开发票-BILLING 征收-COLLECTION 航运公司-SHIPPING COMPANY产量-OUTPUT 倾销-DUMPING 装船文件-SHIPPING DOCUMENTS 仓库-WARE HOUSE 生意兴隆-BOOM 上等货-TOP QUALITY正牌货-STANDARD 破产-BANKRUPT 航空邮包-AIR PARCEL POST报价-OFFER 已装船-ON-BOARD 部分损失-PARTIAL LOSS收款人-PAYEE 流程-PROCESS 装船日期-SHIPPING DA TE索赔-CLAIN 结关日-CLEAR DATE 装船通知-SHIPPING ADVICE佣金-COMMISSION 收货人-CONSIGNEE 交货期-DELIVERY DATE复查-DOUBLE CHECK 货柜-CONTAINER 装卸码头-SHIPPING DOCK出仓-DELIVERY FROM GODOWN 确认样品-COMFIRMATION SAMPLE（CFM SPL）小心轻放-HANDLE WITH CARE 即期信用证-SIGHT LETTER OF CREDIT试穿样品-FITTING SAMPLE（FITTING SPL）远期信用证-USANCE LETTER OF CREDIT可取消信用证-REVOCABLE LETTER OF CREDIT不可取消信用证-IRREVOCABLE LETTER OF CREDIT可转让信用证-ASSIGNABLE LETTER OF CREDIT不可转让信用证-UNASSIGNABLE LETTER OF CREDIT11、其他确认-CONFIRM/CFM主要-PRIMARY 次要-MAJOR 尺寸-INCH牛仔布-DENIM 药水-PRIMER 二榔皮-SPLIT LEATHER泡棉-FOAM 海绵-SPONG 生产线-PRODUCTION LINE底边-SOLE EDGE 滚边-BINDING 底台包皮-PLATFORM COVER饰片-OVERLAY 拒绝-REJECT 品质管理-QUALITY MANAGEMENT 国际标准组织-ISO 记录-RECORD 外箱贴纸-CARTON LABEL鞋头对鞋跟-TOE TO HEEL 全面品质保证-TQA-TOTAL QUALITY ASSURANCE12、试验仪器耐磨试验机-AKRON ABRASION TESTER 耐候试验机-ACCELERA TED WEATHERING TESTER老化试验机-AGING OVEN 皮革耐挠性试验机-BALLY PENETRA TION TEST耐弯曲试验机-BENDING TESTER 破裂强度试验机-BURSTING STRENGTH TESTER脱色程度试验机-CROCK METER 磨耗试验机-DIN TYPE ABRASION TESTER耐黄变试验箱-DISCOLORATION METER 曲折试验机-DEMATTIA FLEX-CRACKINGTESTER耐寒试验机-FREEZING TESTER 耐挠试验机-FLEXING RESISTANCE TESTER硬度计-HARDNESS TESTER 高压耐水度实验机-HYDROSTATIC HEAD TESTER 摩擦染色坚牢度试验机-DYEING RUBBING TESTER发泡橡胶电脑系统无转子硫化实验机-FOAM FORCE RHEOMETER电脑系统鞋子止滑性试验机-COMPUTER SYSTEM NON-SLIP PROPERTY TESTER 电脑系统摩尼黏度试验机-COMPUTER MOONEY VISCOMETER。
鞋业中英对照
鞋业术语名词abrasion耐磨试验机accessory配件ABSacrylonitrilebutadienestyreneresin丙烯晴丁二烯苯乙烯树脂actionofsulphurvaportest耐硫化测试activation活化activator活化剂adhesiontest黏着测试adhesive胶水adjust调整aerobicshoe有氧舞蹈鞋afterskiboot雪靴ageresister抗老化剂agingtester老化试验机airgun气枪allman-madematerial全人造材料alligatorskin鳄鱼皮aluminumlast铝楦alongationtest延伸率试验amboss压花;压纹ambossedleather压(印)花皮ambossingmachine压纹机ambroidered刺绣embroideryshoe绣花鞋amarytapegrindingmachine砂带研磨机amerywheelgrindingmachine砂轮研磨机ameryleather;patentleather漆皮amalficonstruction条状外帮式凉鞋结构americansizescale 美制尺度amphibiousboot水陆两用靴angleoninsole中底发角anilinefinishleather苯染皮ankleboot短靴,足果靴ankle足裸anteiopeleather羚羊皮antiqueoil安第古油appearance外瞧applique装饰品approve认可apron鞋头盖archcookie月眉片;足掌弓形片archsupport 足弓垫arch足弓arithmeticgrading算朮级放artificialleather人造皮artisan;shoemaker鞋匠assembly成型,装配athleisureshoe休闲运动鞋availablesize运动鞋适用尺寸Bbabyshoe 婴儿鞋backconeheight后锥体高度backconetopplanewidth后锥面宽度backconetopplane后锥顶平面backcone后锥体backheight后帮高度;后跟高度backpartwidth后踵宽度backpart 后踵backseamheight鞋后踵高度backseamtack后踵高度位置backseam鞋后踵缝合bakstay 后贴片backstaptoohigh后带太高backstap鞋后片?依旧鞋后带?backtaboverlay后套接片backlab后上片backer补强衬里backing补强衬里bagging袋翻法balance均衡ballgirth足掌围ball足掌ballerina无内里平底女鞋balletshoe芭蕾舞鞋balmoralbanlnry橡胶用密闭式混合机barshoe条扣鞋barring条状之补强车缝baseplane根底平面baseballshoe棒球鞋basketballshoe篮球鞋beachcomber海滩鞋beadedshoe串珠鞋面beaded鞋面饰珠beige灰棕色;米色belly皮革肚边部位bendingtest弯曲曲折折曲曲折折折折试验binding滚边black 黑色blade针杆blendingagent混合剂blendedinsole迭合中底blindeyelet隐躲式鞋眼blowingagent发炮剂Bluches外耳式鞋blue蓝色boa长毛布boatshoe船用鞋boadedleather 搓纹皮bond接着bone骨色BONTEX中底板的一家厂商bootvampmouldingmachine靴面定型机boot靴,长统靴bootee轻便女靴bottom鞋底台bottomfiller底部填充物bottompatten 底部纸样bottomthread缝鞋底的线bottomview底视图bow蝴蝶结bowlingshoe保龄球鞋box纸盒印刷boxprinting纸盒印刷boxing鞋面格状补强车缝boxingshoe拳击鞋boy’sshoe 男童鞋brandname商标名称breastline跟胸线breatofheel鞋跟腹墙breathableleather透气皮bridgingagent架桥剂brightcolor明亮的颜色brocadeshoe浮花织棉鞋brogue布洛克鞋brown咖啡色brush毛刷buckskin公鹿皮buckle子母扣,饰扣buff软牛皮buffalohide水牛皮builtheel迭式鞋跟bullhide公牛皮burgundy酒红色burnishedleather打蜡皮burnishing 皮边整烫burstingstrengthtester破裂强度试验机butt臀部皮革buttedseam平头接缝buttressheelnail鞋跟固定钉Ccablestitching粗线车缝cabrettaskin绵羊皮CAD(computer-aideddesign)计算机辅助设计CADgradamaticsystem计算机级放体系calendar出片机,压延机calfhide;calfskin小牛皮Californiaslip-lastedconstruction加州进楦式成型法CAM(computer-aidedmanufacture)计算机辅助制造cabrelle衬里布camel骆驼色canvas帆布cap鞋前套capeskin小羊皮cardboardfiller纸板衬cardboard纸板carpinchohide 河马皮cartonlabel纸箱标签cartonmakingmachine纸箱成型机cartonnumber(C/NO)箱号carton外箱,纸箱case箱castingleater软皮casualshoe便鞋catalyst催化剂cattlehide大牛皮cementskinning胶水表层凝固现象cement胶水cementedconstruction贴合结构法cementedlining贴合内里cementing上胶centralgrading中心级放centralseam后踵中心接缝centreline中线certificateofinspection检验证书chainstitch连环车缝法check检查chelseaboot侧边装有松紧带的短靴cherokee加洛基式凉鞋chicstyle新潮款式children’sshoe童鞋children’sfootwear童鞋类chilling冷冻定型chip碎屑chromedtannedleather铬鞣皮chukkaboot恰克靴;马球靴ciaoboot俏靴(有鞋带的短统平底靴)clarino可丽柔人造皮classicalshade传统色调clicking裁断clip打钉clobber鞋匠clog 木屐closeshoe满帮鞋closetoe&closeback满帮式closing缝合cobaltblue钴蓝collar领口collarfoam领口泡棉collarlining领口里;反口里;滚口里collection一系列款式color颜色colorcode颜色的标识(代码)colorfadingtest褪色试验colornotmatching颜色不配合colorstability色彩稳定性colorvariation色差coloredtape色带coloringagent着色剂;色胶coloringmatch配色;着色;对色comfortfootwear舒适鞋component组件compound混合料compressiontest耐压缩试验coneheel圆锥形跟conetopsurface楦锥体顶面conetopsurfaceoutline锥体顶面周线confirm确认confirmsample确认样品construction结构continentalsize欧洲尺寸controlpanel操纵板conveyor输送带cookie足弓垫coolingsystem 冷却系统co-ordinatedgrading调和级放cording滚边corduroy绒布cork软木correctedgrainleatrer磨面皮cottoncloth棉布cottonwoven棉织物cottonyarn棉纱counter后段;鞋后踵counterlastingmachine后帮机counterlining后踵内里,后套里counterpocketreinfocer后套补强counterpocket鞋后套counterpreformingmachine后踵套预先定型机countersample对等样品courtshoe草场上用鞋(网球鞋,足球鞋等)coverheel包皮跟cowhide母牛皮cowboyboots牛仔长统靴cowhideleather牛皮crackingtest耐扰试验crampons钉鞋(冰上行走)crepe生胶crocodileskin鳄鱼皮crooked屈曲曲折折曲曲折折折折不平cross-countryshoe越野赛跑鞋crosslinkingagent架桥剂crown楦底冠弧Cubanheel 古巴跟cuboid骰型cuff鞋领口cushion垫(压垫,软垫等)cushioncollar有软垫之领口customshoe定制鞋customschecking海关检查cutcutout鞋面开洞cutter切割机;裁断机cutting裁断cuttingboard切割板;裁断板cuttingdie裁刀cuttingdirection裁断方向cuttingmachine裁断机cuttingplank斩板Ddarkblue深蓝色darkcolor暗色decoration装饰物decoreativestitching装饰车缝deepcolor深色deerskin鹿皮defectssurface皮面瑕疵denim 牛仔布design设计designofstyle型式设计designer设计师die斩刀digitizer数位板diluent 稀释剂directinjection直截了当射出成型directvulcanizedprocess直截了当硫化制程dispersionkneader捏合机distancebetweenstitchings线距dogtailquarter狗尾式后帮doublecheck复查,双重检查doubleloopterry双圈毛巾布doublesole双层底doublestitching 车双针draft草图dressshoe盛装鞋dressedleather熟皮dressing涂鞋油dressy盛装的,考究的drillingmachine钻孔机dryprocessPUleather干式PU皮drytime枯燥时刻drying枯燥dryingtunnel枯燥箱duck细帆布dullcolor暗色duraplush长丝绒dustcollector集尘器DutchBoytoe荷兰式男鞋头Dutchman填隙片dyeingdecoloringtester染色脱色试验机Eedging饰边eggcrate蛋装法elasticband松紧带elegant幽雅的alongationtest延伸率试验amboss压花;压纹ambossedleather压(印)花皮ambossingmachine压纹机ambroidered刺绣embroideryshoe绣花鞋amarytapegrindingmachine砂带研磨机amerywheelgrindingmachine 砂轮研磨机ameryleather;patentleather漆皮engineerboot工程靴Englishsizescale英制尺度equipment设备espadrille包痲底台布面鞋ethylenevinylacetate(EV A)EV AsheetEV A塑料片EV AsoleEV A底everydaygeneralpurpose日常穿着exerciseaandal健康鞋exhibitionlast样品楦eye针眼eyelet鞋眼eyeletfastingmachine鸠目机eyeletspunching打鞋眼eyeletpuncher 鞋眼打孔机eyeletstay鞋眼片eyestay鞋眼syestaylining鞋眼内里eyestayoverlay鞋眼饰片eyestayreinforcer鞋眼补强Ffabric布料;纤维fabric/textilefootweardirectmouldedconstructionface-tofacepackingfacing鞋正面fashion流行时尚;流行款式fashionboot流行长靴fastening固定featheredge底边缘feltshoe毛毡鞋ferule 铁套管filler填充物;填腹finish整饰fishingwader钓鱼鞋fitnessshoe健身运动鞋fitting试穿fittingstool试穿凳fixing整理flakewhite片白flangeheel凸缘形跟flaredheel细腰形跟flashtrimmingmachine鞋底溢料削除机flatbedsewingmachine平台式针车flatfoot扁平足flatyshoe平底便鞋fleshside生皮内层flesher绵羊榔皮flexibility弯曲曲折折曲曲折折折折性flexingtester曲曲折折曲曲折折折折折测试机floater轻便鞋flockedleather舒美绒皮foampastingmachine泡棉贴合机flodingmachine滚边机floding包边;折边foot足footballshoe足球鞋footguage量足器footmeasurement足的测量footpad鞋垫footwear鞋类footwearofleather皮鞋footwearofplastic塑料鞋footwearofrubber橡胶鞋footwearoftextilefabric纺织鞋fore&hindshank前后肢铁心foreman领班forepart前段;鞋头前片forepartcenterline楦底面前段中心线forepartfeatherlineplane前段帮足线切面forme 半面平版formecutting半面平版样剪裁formula配方foxing边条较常用的应该是指后套---FT所谓外后蹄foxingunderlay后套里层foxingunderlaylogo后套下片商标foxinglikeband 类似边条foxinglogo后套商标foxingreiforcer后套补强;边条补强freezingtester耐冷试验机Frenchsize法国尺码fringe鞋面之须坠frontconeheigth前锥体高度frontconeprofile前锥体侧视图frontcone前锥体frosting吐霜fryeboot马靴full-breastheel卷跟full-grainleather珠面皮full-ironbottom全铁片楦底fulllining全内里fullsize全套尺寸fullsock全片式鞋垫function功能fur长毛绒布Ggender性不geometricgrading几何级放getmildew发霉Gibson 吉布生鞋girthmeaurement围度测量glazedleather镜面皮glue胶水gluecleaningmachine清胶机goatskin山羊皮golfshoe高尔夫球鞋Goodyearweltconstruction固特异延条结构Goodyearweltshoe固特异延条鞋gore松紧带grade级放gradeincrement级放尺寸graderadio 级放率grading级放gradingbyhands手工级放gradingtheory级放原理grainleather珠面皮green绿色grey灰色grindedgeofshoe磨鞋边grinding腰边gripthefoot包住足groove针车沟grossweight毛重guide导杆gumboot长统橡胶靴gussetboot侧边装有松紧带的短靴gusset折档:三角片gymshoe健身鞋Hhairy起毛halfboot中统靴halfironbottom半铁片楦底halfsock半截式鞋垫hammer锤子handcutting手裁切handtag吊牌hardnessguage硬度计hardnessplank硬板hardnesstester硬度计heatresistance耐热性heatsealing热熔结合heatsetting热定型heatshrinkagetest热收缩试验heatedchamber加热器具heating加热heavy 重heavydutywear耐用鞋类heelappearance后跟外瞧heelbreast鞋跟腹墙heelcenterline后跟座中心线heelcovering包鞋跟heelcrown跟踵heelcup鞋跟杯heelcurve后踵背弧度heelcurveangle后踵弧度角度heelaelevation楦跟高度heelfeatherlineplane后跟帮足线切面heelfitonoutsole后跟与底密接heelflap卷跟皮heelheight后跟高度heelimpacttest鞋跟冲击试验heellasting后帮heellift天皮heelnotstraight跟不正heelpad鞋跟踵垫heelpitch鞋跟歪度heelplate后跟铁片heelpoint后跟端点heelseat后跟heelseatpounding&shapingmachine 后踵整形机heelseatwidth后跟座宽度heelsteeltip鞋跟铁片heiferskin小母牛皮herringboneforme鱼骨法hide大件皮highcut高统hinge钮键hingecut两截式楦hingelast 插销孔hingepinholes钮键插销hingeslot键槽hook魔术勾带hydrolysis水解Iimpression 外瞧inpair配双industrial/safetyfootwear工作平安鞋infant’shoe婴儿鞋infants’婴儿injection-mouldedPU射出PUinjection-mouldedPVC射出PVCinnerbooty鞋舌内套innerboxlabel内盒标innerbox内盒innersole中底indsideforme内腰平面样insolepattern中底纸样inspector检查员instepgirth背围insteppoint足背点JJapanesesize日本尺码jockeyboot骑马用鞋joggingshoe慢跑鞋joinedtogether接合jutecloth麻布Kkangarooskin 袋鼠皮kidskin小羊皮kiln枯燥室kiltie鞋面之须坠kipskin小牛皮kneeboot长统靴knife 刀子kraft牛皮纸kungfushoe功夫鞋Llab实验室label标签lace鞋带lacehole鞋带孔lacelock 眼扣laceloop系带鞋lacedshoe穿带孔lacquer漆ladiesshoe淑女鞋lambskin羔羊皮lappedseam迭合接缝lasercutting激光刀剪裁last楦头lastballbreak楦底接地线lastbottomcenterline楦底中心线lastbottomfeatherline帮胶线lastbottomwidth楦底宽度;掌面宽度lastcenterlinelastcenterlineplane楦头中心线切面lastputtingmachine进楦机lastslipping 脱楦lastingallowance钳帮宽容lasting钳帮;进楦术latestdesign最新的款式latex天然橡胶,白胶latexingmachine上胶机layer层,层次layout流程布置leather皮革leatherboard皮浆板leatherfootwear皮革鞋类legoftheboot靴统leisureshoe休闲鞋length长度lift迭式鞋跟之每一层light轻lightblue浅蓝色lineup产前咨询题分析linenyarn亚麻纱lining内里liningstamp 鞋里印刷liningtrimmingmachine修内里机linkingtape黏扣带litterwayconstruction李威特结构lizardskin蜥蜴皮loafer包子鞋lockstitch锁缝logo商标longheelgirth跟口围度longheelplate长跟铁片楦底loop魔术毛带loose松散loosethread脱线loss损耗louisheel 刘易斯跟lowcut低统lowheelcasual低跟休闲鞋Mmachinesewnconstruction机器车底结构mackayconstruction马凯结构mackaystitcher内线机magicstrap魔术带magictape粘扣带magnethook磁扣mainmark正麦manufacture制造margin边距(针车)marking做记号markingpen记号笔maryjane背带式平底女鞋massproduction大量生产meanforme中庸平面样meanformeshowingdimensionalcheckpoints中庸平版样核对点medallion鞋头上似奖牌的饰物men’sshoe男鞋men’sfootwear男士鞋类metal金属metaldetector金属探测器metalornament金属饰物metallicPVCleather金葱胶皮methylethylketon(MEK)microprocessorcontrol微处理操纵middlesole中插midsole中底;内底mightybond强力胶migration移行miner’sboot矿工鞋missesshoe女孩鞋mixingroller开放式混合机moccasin马克森鞋mockstitching假饰缝mockwelt假革条model型体modity 修改moisturetester湿度计moldrelease脱模剂mondopoints蒙多点制monkshoe僧侣鞋monofilamentmesh透明细布moonboot月球鞋mould模具mouldwedge模造中插monlding 定型mountaineeringshoe腰腹;挡泥片muleshoe前密后开之拖鞋mulling鞋面加热烘软mutispandex佳积布Nnail钉子naildetector铁钉探测器nailpuller拔钉器nailsticksout(protrudes)钉子露出来nailingmaching打钉机nappa柔软皮naturerubberlatex 天然橡胶液navy海军蓝色neck颈部皮革needle车针netpatterns工作凈样(纯样品)netweight凈重neutral中性色调non-slippingsole防滑底non-wovenfabric不织布non-yellowingtest耐黄变试验notinpair不配双notch记号圈;记号齿nubuck磨绒面皮nurseshoe护士鞋nylonband尼龙带nylonzipper尼龙拉链Ooilresistant耐油性oil-tannedleather油鞣皮oldfashion老式的,过时的one-piecebottom一片式大底one-piecepump单片式女高跟鞋openback鞋后开口式openseam露边接缝opentoe鞋头\开口式operation操作operator操作员orange橘色originalequipmentmanufacture(OEM)原厂托付制造originalsample原样orthopedicshoe矫正鞋ostrichskin鸵鸟皮otherfootwear其它鞋类outlast拔楦outseamstitcher外线机outstape拔钉outershoe外底out-of-fashion过时的output产量outsideforme外腰平面样outsideweltingstitching车缝外线outsole大底outsolenotsmooth大底不平ovaltoe椭圆形鞋头oven烘箱overshoe鞋套overlay装饰片oxford牛津鞋(紧鞋带浅帮鞋)Ppacking包装packinglist装箱单包装明细?packingmachine 打包机paddedcollar有软垫的领口painting喷漆pair双pairage双数pairing配双pantongraph 缩图器paperfiller纸团paperpattern纸版paperslipper纸拖鞋paratroopboot伞兵靴pairsblue 巴蓝parts零件pastingmachine上胶糊机patentleather漆皮patterncutting纸版patterndesigner(patterncutter)纸样剪裁师;样版师patternengineering样版工程patterngradingmachine样版级放机patternwheelshaftstand橡胶片压纹机patternscutting&design纸样剪裁及设计peacockblue孔雀蓝peccaryskin野猪皮peelingtest 剥离试验peeptoeshoe露趾尖式凉鞋pelt生毛皮pennyloafer(coinshoe)有硬币袋式包子鞋perforation打孔permanentcompressiontest压缩永久变形试验permanenttnesiontest永久伸长率试验permanentwhite纯白picalon皮克隆(纸版中底的)pieces鞋面皮piecer冲孔器(冲子)pigskin猪皮pigmentfinishleather涂料皮pincer钳子,前帮机的夹头pinchin缩进往pink 粉红色pinnedtop-piece天皮钉pintuck鞋面褶缝pipedseam(piping)滚边接缝plainpump素面女高跟鞋planecuttingpress平面式裁断机plasticchippingmachine塑料切碎机plasticlast 塑料楦plastic塑料platform鞋台platformcover底台包皮plug鞋栓pneumaticheeltackingmachine气压钉跟机pneumaticlastslippingmachine气压拔楦机point 针尖pointtoe尖形鞋头polybag塑料带polyvinylchloride(PVC)polybutadienerubber(BR)正丁胶polyisoprenerubber(IR)异戊胶polyuretheneleather(PU)leatherPU皮popsicle加洲式结构拖鞋potlife可使用时刻postion部位powerconsumption耗电量press重压,冲床presscutting 斩刀裁断pressurevessel加硫罐;压力容器prewalker学步鞋priceticket价格标签prickmark 针孔记号priestshoe;monkshoe僧侣鞋primer处理剂primering药水处理process流程processing制程produce生产productioncontrol生产管制productiontrial生产试作profile侧面图PU-coatedsplitleatherPU榔皮pull-outlast拔楦pump高跟鞋punching冲孔purerubber 天然橡胶pureple紫红色put-onlast进楦PVCsheetPVC塑料布PVCshoePVC塑料底pythonskin蟒蛇皮Qqualitycontrol;QC质量治理quarter腰身鞋身quarterinsertion插腰quarterironbottom鞋身中段铁片楦底quarterlining鞋身内里;鞋腰内里quarteroverlay鞋身饰片quarters鞋身中段Rrainboot雨靴rand延条raweyelet没有包金属眼套的鞋眼rawhide 生皮rayonyarn嫘萦纱red红色reelheel圆轴材料reflectionmaterial反光材料reinforcing贴补强reject不同意removesolvent往除溶剂removetacks往钉repaking翻箱repaircementing 补胶resin树脂relaintheshape维持外形returningcollarlining翻反口里rib内延条ribbedinsole 肋条中底richcolor浓色ridge楦脊ridingboot骑马用靴rigidbacker硬质后踵片rinksystem 圆形小组式生产系统rivetingmachine铆合机rollerskate溜冰鞋ropesole麻绳编底rotaryvacuumvulcanizingmachine回转式真空加硫定型机rough(upper,bottom)打粗(面底)roughing打粗roundaquaretoe方圆形鞋头toundtoe圆形鞋头royalblue宝蓝rubber橡胶rubberband橡皮筋rubberchopper橡胶切碎机rubbercementstirrer橡胶糊搅拌机rubberfootwear橡胶鞋类rubbermixingmill橡胶混合机rubberslicingmachine橡胶切片机rubbersmokedsheet烟胶片rubbersole橡胶底rubberspongesole橡胶海绵鞋底rubberlon合成橡胶发泡板runner跑步者runningshoe跑步鞋rusttest耐腐蚀试验rust铁红色Ssabot木鞋saddleshoe鞍形鞋saddle鞋鞍片safetyshoe平安鞋salessample推销样品samplemaker样品制作师sampleworkingpattern样品生产纸样sample样品sandal凉鞋satinshoe缎面鞋scissors剪刀scoopwedgeheel杓形跟scoopwedge杓形中插screwdriver起子scribingmachine 划线机scrub磨seablue海蓝sealskin海豹皮sealant填隙材料seam缝合线seatbackheel后座式跟seatlasting后帮seatsock跟座垫sectiongrading局部级放sectionalpattern各部位样版semi-product半成品senpor感应器separatelast楦盖不离式鞋楦setter定型机shade色度;色调shaft鞋统;鞋胴shank铁芯;楦腰shankboard(中底后插纸板)于铁芯的中底版shanknotstraight铁芯不正shankplug铁芯栓shankrivetingmachine铁芯铆钉机shanktooloose 铁芯太松shape形式;模型shapedistortion变形shapeofheel鞋跟的形式sharkskin鲨鱼皮sharp锐利;锐利sheepskin绵羊皮shellforme脱壳法shippingdesigner装船标识shippingsample装船样品shoeshoecream鞋面乳膏shoedesigner鞋样设计师shoefactory鞋厂shoefinish鞋子外表处理shoehorn鞋拔shoemachinery鞋机shoematerial鞋材shoetree 鞋撑shoemaking制鞋shoestagged附标签shoestiedforpacking鞋子绑合包装shortheelgirth 跟背围度shoulder肩部皮革shrinkleather皱纹皮sidebysidepacking边对边包装sidegoreboot 侧面有松紧带的靴子sidelasting腰帮sideleather半开皮sidevamp两侧帮鞋sideview侧视图sidewall鞋边墙silhouettescementprocess车内线延条法silicajel枯燥剂silverwhite银白simple简易的size尺寸sizenotch尺寸记号sizeranges尺码的分段sizescale尺度sizestick 尺码量尺skeletonlining鞋里垫皮skingboot滑雪靴skin皮skiving削薄skivingmachine削皮机slanttoe歪形鞋头slateconveyor板条式输送带slendertoe细长形鞋头slingback后带挑空式凉鞋slinhbackcourt后吊带式盛装鞋slippers拖鞋sliplastedconstruction进楦成型结构slipresistancetest耐滑试验slipper拖鞋slippersock鞋袜slopecuttingmachine歪度切削机(EV A用)slottedconstruction鞋面由中底边缘之切口插进slottedfabricforme平面样切割法slotting中底打洞smooth平滑snakeskin蛇皮snapfastener按扣sneaker胶底帆布运动鞋snowboot雪靴snowmabileboot滑雪靴soaking浸水soccershoe足球鞋socklaying进鞋垫socklining鞋垫sockstamp中底烫金softcolor柔和色softener软化剂sole底部;鞋底soleattaching贴底solecomesoff底脱胶soleedge底边缘soleedgeinkingmachine大底边上墨机soleedgevarnishingmaching大底边喷漆机solelayingnotproper贴底不正确solelaying贴底solepress压底solepressing压底solethreadstitching车大底线solid接着剂solidforme实心法solidlast全楦solidrotatingconveyor立体回转式输送带solidcontent固成份solvent溶剂solventbasedcement溶剂型接着剂specialpurpose特定目的specficgravity比重specfication规格spectroheel仿迭式跟spikeheel锥形跟splitleather二榔皮splitting片皮splittingmachine片皮机sponge海绵spongeleather乳胶皮sportfootwear运动鞋类sportshoe 运动鞋sportingshade运动色调sporty有动感的squaretoe方形鞋头stability稳定性stabilizer 稳定剂stain污染;斑点stampingmachine烫金机standardforme标准平版样standardmaking 标准样的裁版standard标准staple空气钉steamheatingpressingmachine蒸汽式热风烫平机steeltip鞋头铁片steeltoe钢头steerhide阉牛皮step-in便鞋(有松紧带式)step-on便鞋(无松紧带式)stick黏着sticklength楦头程度stiffener里衬(补强)stitchdownprocessshoes外翻帮鞋stitchguage针目计(量针距用)stitchlength针距stitchmarking车缝记号stitchdownconstruction鞋面外翻以鞋垫缝合的结构stitching车缝stitchingfunction缝线功能stitchingmachine针车stitchingnoteven车缝不均匀stitchingnotonthemark未照记号车缝stockno.库存编号storage有效存放时刻strain拉紧strapcuttingmachine剪带机strengthen 补强stringlastedconstruction拉帮结构stripcuttingmachine切条机strip长片stripping抽条stripysandal多带式凉鞋strongshade强烈的色调stuckonconstruction黏贴结构stud饰钉style 式样;款式stylist式样设计师styrenebutadieneribber(SBR)苯乙烯丁二烯橡胶suede绒面羊皮supplier供货商support支撑surfacemeasuring&calculatingmachine量皮机surfacescoured 外表研磨surface外表swingbeamcuttingpress摇臂式裁断机swoosh面饰synthetic合成的syntheticleather合成皮syntheticresin合成树脂syntheticrubber合成橡胶Ttab鞋舌片tabi 日式矿工鞋tack鞋跟固定钉tackhole打钉子(楦底孔供打中底用)tackholes打钉孔tackrange 粘性维持时刻tag标签take-outlast拔楦头tan棕色tanningagent鞣制剂tanning鞣革tape 胶带tapingforme贴胶带法tassel穗饰taut拉紧tearingtest撕裂试验tennisshoe网球鞋tensibility伸张性tensileforcetest拉应力试验tensilestrengthtester拉力试验机termsoflast楦头朮语terrycloth毛巾布test测试testpiece试片Texon中底板之惯称;厂牌之一thegatheringsttching车缝鞋面两局部合而为一thermoplasticrubber(TPR)热可塑性橡胶thermoplastictoepuffapplyingmachine热熔胶套头印置机thicknessgauge厚度计thighboot统高至大腿之靴子thimble嵌环thimbleholecenterline嵌环恐中心线thimblelocation嵌环孔位置thinshade浅色调thongsandal夹趾凉鞋thread车缝线throatopening鞋口长度throatreinforcer前衬补强throat鞋喉点tight紧tip前套;鞋跟尖tipreinforcer前套补强tissuepaper包装纸toe鞋头toebottomshape楦头尖端底面图toebox套头;前套toebrokendown鞋头下陷toecap鞋头toelasting前帮toepart鞋头局部toeplate头尖铁片toepoint楦头尖端点toeprofile楦头侧视图toepuff鞋头衬toespring鞋尖高度;鞋点翘度toetoheelpacking鞋头对鞋跟包装tongue鞋舌tonguebinding鞋舌滚边tonguebottom鞋舌下片tonguefoam鞋舌泡棉tonguehid鞋舌中片tonguelabelstitching车鞋舌标tonguelabel鞋舌标tonguelining舌内里tonguesleeves舌系带tonguestitching接鞋舌tonguetop鞋舌上片tonguetopfoam鞋舌上片泡棉toohard太硬toosoft太软tool工具topbumper鞋头套垫topcollar外反口topeyestay眼上片toppiece鞋跟接地部位topthread上线topview上视图toplift天皮topline鞋口topsider平底便鞋totalqualitycontrol(TQC)全员品管towerdrier立式烘干机trainershoe练习鞋transfer搬运treadpoint着地点treeing&packing整理&包装treaddepartment成品鞋整理部门trend流行趋势tricot特利可得trimming修边trimmings 饰物turnshoeconstruction回翻结构turnyellow变黄tying绑标签Uunevenshade色调不均匀uniformityofcolor染色均匀度unique新奇的,奇异的unitsole整片式大底universalmaterialstester万能材料试验机universalsolesttachingmachine自调式压底机upper 鞋面upperconditioner鞋面蒸软机upperedgetrimmer鞋面修边机upperruffler鞋面褶景机up-to-date最新的urethaneleatherPU皮UVsystem紫外线照耀Vvacuumforming真空成型法vacuumtankvnlcanizingmachine真空箱式加硫定型机vamp鞋面前片vampheatinghumidifier 鞋面蒸湿加热机vamplength鞋头长度vamplining鞋头内里vampopenup鞋面掀开vamppoint鞋口点vampsplitoff鞋面裂开vamptack套前位置点vampwing鞋面前片两翼位置variouskindsoflast楦头的类型varnish涂料veeingV型补强车缝vegetablefibersshoe植物纤维制鞋类vegetabletannedleather植物鞣皮velcro魔术带veldtchoenconstruction外翻帮结构velourleather绒皮vinyl/plasticfootwear塑料鞋类viscositymeter黏度计volleyballshoe排球鞋vulcanize硫化vulcanizingaccelerator硫化促进剂vulcanzingagent硫化剂vulcanzingtester硫化试验机Wwaist鞋腰waistgirth腰围;楦头腰围walkingshoe走路鞋(散步鞋)wall楦墙面walledshoeattachingmachine墙式压底机walrusskin海象皮warehouse仓库water-basecement水性胶waterjetcutting水刀裁断waterresistence耐水性watertreamenttest浸水试验watervaporabsorptiontest吸水量试验waterproof/wellingtonboots 防水靴waterproofshoes防水鞋waxing打蜡waxingmachine打蜡机weakcolor淡的颜色wedge中插weartest试穿wedgeangle后跟面角度wedgeheel楔形跟weightlossbyaging老化减量试验welt延条weltattachingmachine贴延条机weltedconstruction延条结构weltedseam 加延条接缝weltingrolling轮边wetblue蓝湿皮wetprocessPUleather湿式PU皮wetsalting 盐淹皮white白色whitelead铅白wholevamp全帮width宽度wine酒色wingtip翼形前片式winterboot冬靴wiper扫刀wiretacker打钢丝机women’sfootwear女士鞋类women’s/ladies’女鞋woodbottom木底woodlast木楦workshoe工作鞋workticket工作单workingpattern生产纸样work-inprogress(WIP)在制品wrapping攀鞋wrestlingshoe摔角鞋wrinkle皱纹wrongpattern样版错误Yyellow黄色youths’大童鞋Zzincwhite锌白zipper拉链zoris夹趾凉鞋n.(日本的)草鞋,便鞋。
(生物科技行业类)密歇根大学生物系实验室的常用试剂配方
Table of ContentsLB Medium (1)NZ Medium (2)SM Buffer (3)SET Buffer (4)6X Prehyb Soln (5)10 X TBE (6)10 X TAE (7)20 X SSC (8)1% SDS, 0.2 M NaOH (9)14% PEG (8000), 2M NaCl, 10 mM MgSO4 (10)20% SDS (11)1.0 M Tris, pH 8.0, 1.5 M NaCl (12)10mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.5, 10mM MgSO4 (13)10 mM Tris, 50 mM EDTA, pH 7.5 (14)10 mM Tris-HCl, 1 mM EDTA, pH 7.5 (15)3 M Sodium Acetate, pH 4.8 (16)Electrophoresis dye (17)Labelling Stop dye (18)Sequencing gel dye (19)5% Acrylamide (20)6% Acrylamide in TBE, 50% Urea (21)40% Acrylamide (22)LB Medium (1 Liter)10g Bacto-tryptone5g Bacto-yeast extract10g NaClFor forty plates add 1% agar--1g. Autoclave media. When cool, add ampicillin and pour plates. For 1L of media, add 1.8 mL amp.NZ Medium (500 mL)5 g Bacto-tryptone2.5 g Bacto-yeast extract2.5 g NaCl1.25 g MgSO4For 20 plates add 1.2% agar--6g. Autoclave and pour plates at 50o CSM Buffer (1L)5.8 g NaCl1.2 g MgSo450 mL 1M Tris-HCl, pH 7.50.1 g Gelatin (doesn't dissolve)AutoclaveUsed for phage dilution and storage.SET Buffer50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.0, 50 mM EDTA, 20% w/v Sucroseto make 200mL:40 g Sucrose10 mL of 1M Tris20 mL of 0.5 M EDTA, disodium saltbring to 200 mL with H206X Prehybridization Solutionto make 500 mL300 mL ddH20150 mL 20X SSC50 mL 50X Denhardt's solution1 mL 0.5 M EDTA (disodium salt)2.5 mL 20% SDS6X refers to the concentration of SSC10X TBE Buffer (for polyacrylamide gels) to make one liter:60.75 g Tris3.7 g EDTA (tetrasodium salt)30 g Boric acid10X TAE Buffer (For agarose gels)to make one liter:48.20 g Tris6.75 g NaAce3.75 g EDTA (disodium salt)Adjust pH to 7.6 with acetic acid. (Approx. 20 mL)20X SSCto make one liter:175.3 g NaCl88.2 g NaCitrateadd water to bring volume to one liter.adjust to pH 7.0 with HCl.1% SDS, 0.2 M NaOHto make 100 mL:93 mL ddH205 mL 20% SDS2 mL 10 M NaOH14% PEG (8000), 2M NaCl, 10 mM MgSO4 to make one liter:140 g PEG117 g NaCl2.46 g MgSO4For use in phage DNA preparation.20% SDSto male 250 mL:50 g of SDS in a beakerAdd stir bar and H20 last.This solution will have to be heated for the SDS to dissolve.1.0 M Tris, pH 8.0, 1.5 M NaClto make one liter:121.1 g Trizma87.6 g NaClin a volume of water less than 1L. Adjust pH with HCl, then bring to 1L with H2010 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.5, 10 mM MgSO4to make one liter:10 mL 1 M Tris-HCl2.46 g MgSO4for use in phage DNA preparation10 mM Tris, 50 mM EDTA, pH 7.5to make 200 mL:2 mL 1 M Tris20 mL 0.5 M EDTA (tetrasodium salt)178 mL ddH20adjust pH with HCl.10 mM Tris-HCl, 1 mM EDTA, pH 7.5to make 200 mL:2.0 mL 1 M Tris-HCl, pH 7.50.4 mL 0.5 M EDTA197.6 mL ddH203 M Sodium Acetate, pH 4.8to make one liter:408.1 g NaAce (trihydrate; gets cold in soln)about 700 mL H20adjust pH with glacial acetic acid (takes a lot)Measure tru pH by dilution with water; range will be between 4.8 and 5.5.Electrophoresis Dyeto make 4 mL:3 mL 50 mM EDTA, 10 mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.01 mL glycerol20 μL BPB10 μL Xylene cyanolStop dye for labelled probe1 mL 50 mM EDTA, 10 mM Tris, pH 7.5-8.5about 200 μl glyceroladd a few grains of blue dextran (8000)Sequencing gel dyefor approx 1 mL:1 mL formamide10 μL xylene cyanol10 μl BPB3 μL 10 M NaOH5% acrylamideto make 200 mL:20 mL 10X TBE25 mL 40% acrylamide155 mL H206% Acrylamide in TBE, 50% Ureato make 500 mL:50 mL 10X TBE75 mL 40% acrylamide250 g Ureabring to 500 mL with H2O40% Acrylamide (38:2 acrylamide:bis acrylamide) to make 200 mL:76 g acrylamide4 g bis acrylamidebring to 200 mL with H2O。
纺织行业检测项目中英文翻译对照
fiber content by physical methods for fabric
化学含量
fiber content by chemical methods
1组正常
1 type of fibers
2组分正常
2 types of fibers
2组以上，每组加
every type more than 2 types of fibers
羽绒含量
down content
羽绒全套
down oxygen etc.
回潮率/与其它同时+
moisture regain /dry with other test
含油率、植物质含量
oil content, vegetable matter content
制品外观件/10件
appearance of textiles for 1 /for 10
质量
fabric weight
无浆干重
dry weight without size
组织每2~8根循环
weaving diagram
线密度
yarn count in fabric
捻度
yarn twist in fabric
织缩
shrinkage of fabric
纬斜
bias filling
水洗扭度
中段长度
cut-middles length
单根长度
single fiber length
手排长度
array diagram length
单强50/300
single fiber strength50 times /300 times
鉴定丝织品年代有了新方法
鉴定丝织品年代有了新方法环球科技观光团 2011-10-16 17:55:20传统的碳鉴年法需要的样本量太大，用在丝织品上几乎就等于把织物毁坏了。
而现在，一种超级灵敏的化 学手段可能可以解决丝织品鉴年的问题。
图为 18 世纪的法国丝织品在博物馆收藏的那些珍贵又脆弱的工艺品中,丝织品的年代鉴定显得比较困难.历史学家常 常需要借助周边环境中的证据,甚至是猜测来为古代丝织衣物定下一个制造年代。
这是由于 传统的碳鉴年法需要的样本量太大，用在丝织品上几乎就等于把织物毁坏了。
而现在，一种 超级灵敏的化学手段可能可以解决丝织品鉴年的问题。
化学家麦迪·莫伊尼（Mehdi Moini）多年来一直在研究一种能测量蛋白质材料自然分解的 技术。
这一技术足够灵敏，能够测量以小时计算的分解。
可以当作测定丝绸这类蛋白质材料 的分子钟。
不过先前他一直没有机会找到已经得到严格鉴年的丝制品来对这个“钟”进行校 准。
不过， 去年莫伊尼加入了美国史密森博物馆保护学会 （Smithsonian Museum Conservation Institute），得到了接触博物馆著名丝制品藏品的机会。
莫伊尼的技术依赖于蛋白质中的氨基酸从左旋形态转为右旋镜像形态的趋势。
这一转化不常 发生，不过确实以稳定速率在进行。
蚕吐丝之后过的时间越久，2 种类型氨基酸之间的比率 就越大。
通过 2 种化学技术手段，只需微量丝绸样本，用 20 分钟就可以测出这个比率。
目前史密森博物馆和其它几家博物馆已经同意让莫伊尼的研究小组采样丝制品， 包括古代中 国丝织品、 法国文艺复兴时期织品以及美国内战时的旗帜。
历史记录提供了博物馆藏品的明 晰制造日期，而通过这个技术鉴定出的年代误差在 50-100 年内。
研究结果已经发表于《分 析化学》（Analytical Chemistry）杂志。
美国阿克伦大学生物学家布莱克莱吉（Todd Blackledge）表示，这个研究不仅仅能用于鉴 别赝品。
鞋3——精选推荐
鞋3鞋300山羊皮pele caprina 皮张较薄，纤维组织比绵羊皮紧实，皮革粒面细致，可制各类轻革，尤其是服装革和手套革等。
伤残皮pelle danneggiata 有伤或皮形不完整的皮的统称。
同义词：残皮。
伤痕ferite 动物在生存期间所受到的各种伤愈全后在皮上留下的痕迹。
商标印模punzone 带支座的金属板，板上刻有商标或其它图案，用以在鞋后跟垫或内底上压印出商标和图案。
上光apprettare 在皮革或其它材料表面涂上一种液体，以增加其光亮度，柔润性和防水性，并便于储存。
上光剂；喷光appretto 一种能使皮革或其它物质表面光亮的可增加革的柔润性和防水性并便于贮存的物质。
用光亮剂对皮革表面进行最后喷涂，使皮革表面光亮，并兼有防止脱色的作用。
同义词：喷光亮剂。
上街鞋scarpa da citta′与运动鞋不同的各种式样优雅鞋底轻便供上街穿着的鞋。
绱底结合applicazione,posa 将鞋底与绷楦成型的鞋帮相结合的操作。
烧麦式鞋mocassino 一种前帮完全包住脚的鞋,下面是整帮,上面缝以大盖.近年来,为满足式样的更新换的需要,虽对这种鞋进行了改进,但现代烧麦式鞋的基本样式仍与北美印第安人的鹿皮鞋相同.烧麦式鞋楦forma mocassino 用于制作烧麦式鞋，这种鞋楦特别突出鞋围子部位，以适合烧麦式鞋哉类似鞋的大盖的缝合。
烧毛 bruciare i bordi 用火焰轻轻过鞋帮边缘，烧掉边缘毛或不必要的东西。
蛇皮和蟒皮pelle di serpente e di boa 包括野生和饲养的，驉可制革，用作票夹或鞋面。
其生皮经特殊处理后可制成乐器用皮，用于月琴、手鼓等。
设计师用鞋楦formella per modellista 设计师用来创作样式的格外细长的鞋楦。
设计师助手aiuto stilista 按设计师设计创作的基准样板在硬纸板上做出鞋帮、外底和内底等多种部件样板的操作者。
SHI Cryopump Product Catalogue说明书
Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd. (SHI) has a tradition of excellence and innovation that spans over 400 years. From its very beginning as a small shop selling medicines and books in Kyoto, Japan in the early 17th century, to its current status as a diverse, $6 billion corporation, SHI has continued to grow and flourish in an ever-changing international market.SHI’s acquisition of IGC-APD Cryogenics, Inc. in 2002 brought together two of the world’s leading cryogenic companies to form the SHI Cryogenics Group, with an unsurpassed tradition of design, development and success in the manufac-ture of cryogenic equipment.SHI Cryopumps continue this tradition by supporting both global research & development as well as state-of-the-art technologies. Today, applications of cryogenic technologies can be found in our daily lives. SHI Cryopumps are used directly or in the manufacturing of many of the world’s semiconductor, telecommunications, electronics, vacuum-coat-ed, and custom laboratory equipment and products.SHI offers a wide range of Cryopump products. Marathon® CP Series Cryopumps are offered with stan-dard and low profile enclosures, several flange options and manual and automatic features. They can be serviced in-situ without breaking vacuum or removing the pump from the chamber.The SICERA® Cryopump uses SHI proprietary inverter technology to reduce customerenergy costs. The resulting savings and increased production efficiency makeSICERA® ideal for semiconductor-related manufacturing.SHI Cryopumps are built in world-class manufacturing facilities us-ing Six Sigma manufacturing processes and process capabilitiesand analysis. The result is a product portfolio that offersflexibility, high reliability and is supported by aglobal sales, service and supportnetwork.Cryopump ModelMarathon® CP SICERA®CP-8CP-8LP CP-250LP CP-12CP-16CP-20KZ-8L KZ-12LAir (liters/second)1,5001,8003,0003,6004,8009,7001,5003,300 Water (liters/second)4,2004,2006,3009,56017,30029,1004,0009,500 Argon (liters/second)1,2501,5002,5003,1004,1008,3001,2003,500 Hydrogen (liters/second)2,3003,0005,0007,30012,00014,0002,2005,500 Argon Throughput (torr liters/second)11.011.011.012.611.411.38.811.3 Argon Capacity (standard liters)1,2001,6001,6002,0005,5006,0001,0002,000 Hydrogen Capacity (standard liters)2523305050331235 Crossover Rating (torr-liters)220220300650500400150150Weight35 lbs.(16.8 kg)39.5 lbs.(17.9 kg)44 lbs.(20 kg)90 lbs.(41 kg)110 lbs.(50 kg)170 lbs.(77 kg)70.6 lbs.(32 kg)88.2 lbs.(40 kg)Zephyr®•••HC-4E1•••Masatomo Sumitomo, founder of the Sumitomo family, opens a shopdealing in medicines and books in Kyoto, Japan17th Century Discovery of Besshi Copper Mine—Sumitomo receives exclusivemining rights1690Precursor to Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd. established as amachinery production and repair facility at the Besshi Mine Plant1888Establishment of Sumitomo Machinery Works, Ltd.19341959Precursor to APD Cryogenics established as Space and MissileDepartment of Air Products in Allentown, Pennsylvania, USASumitomo establishes its cryogenics business at the Hiratsuka Research Laboratory in Hiratsuka City, near Tokyo. 1962Renamed the Advanced Product Development Department of AirProducts1968Introduces Displex ® cryocooler systems Merger between Sumitomo Machinery and Uraga Heavy Industriesresults in the establishment of Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd.19691976Pioneers current generation cryopump technologyMerger with Nittoku Metal Industries results in the establishment of the1982APPLICATIONSSHI’s Cryopump systems are specifically designed to meet the needs of high vacuum processes, and are used in the manufacture of a variety of products. Typical applications for cryopumps include:Performance Specifications Performance Specifications Available Configurations• ANSI 6”, ISO 200 or CF 10” FlangeOptions• Standard Manual Operation• Optional Fully-Automated Operationwith Marathon ® Cryopump Controller• Two (2) cryopumps operating with one(1) HC-8E4 or F-70L/H Compressor• Displex ® Technology Standard Scope of Supply • CP-8 Cryopump • Zephyr ®, HC-4E1, HC-8E4 or F-70L/H Compressor • 10’ Flexible Gas Lines • 10’ Cold Head Cable • Tool Kit Available Configurations• Standard Low Profile Design in Left orRight Hand Configurations• ANSI 6”, ISO 200 or CF 10” FlangeOptions• Standard Manual Operation• Optional Fully-Automated Operationwith Marathon ® Cryopump Controller• Two (2) cryopumps operating with one(1) HC-8E4 or F-70L/H Compressor• Displex ® Technology Standard Scope of Supply • CP-8LP Cryopump • Zephyr ®, HC-4E1, HC-8E4 or F-70L/H Compressor • 10’ Flexible Gas Lines • 10’ Cold Head CablePerformance Specifications Performance Specifications Available Configurations• Standard Low Profile Design in Left orRight Hand Configurations• ISO 250 Flange• Standard Manual Operation• Optional Fully-Automated Operationwith Marathon ® Cryopump Controller• Two (2) cryopumps operating with one(1) HC-8E4 or F-70L/H Compressor• Displex ® Technology Standard Scope of Supply • CP-250LP Cryopump • Zephyr ®, HC-4E1, HC-8E4 or F-70L/H Compressor • 10’ Flexible Gas Lines • 10’ Cold Head Cable • Tool Kit Available Configurations• ANSI 10”, ISO 320 or CF 14” FlangeOptions• Standard Manual Operation• Optional Fully-Automated Operationwith Marathon ® Cryopump Controller• Displex ® and Whisper ® Technology Standard Scope of Supply • CP-12 Cryopump • HC-8E4 or F-70L/H Compressor • 10’ Flexible Gas Lines • 10’ Cold Head Cable •Tool KitPerformance Specifications Performance Specifications Available Configurations• ISO 400, CVC 10” or Wire Seal FlangeOptions• Standard Manual Operation• Optional Fully-Automated Operationwith Marathon ® Cryopump Controller• Displex ® and Whisper ® Technology Standard Scope of Supply • CP-16 Cryopump • HC-8E4 or F-70L/H Compressor • 10’ Flexible Gas Lines • 10’ Cold Head Cable • Tool Kit Available Configurations• ISO 500, ANSI 20” or Wire SealFlange Options• Standard Manual Operation• Optional Fully-Automated Operationwith Marathon ® Cryopump Controller• Displex ® and Whisper ® Technology Standard Scope of Supply • CP-20 Cryopump • F-70L/H Compressor • 10’ Flexible Gas Lines • 10’ Cold Head Cable •Tool KitPerformance Specifications Performance Specifications Available Configurations• ICF 253 mm Flange• Standard Fully-Automated Operation• SHI Proprietary Inverter Technology Standard Scope of Supply • KZ-8L Cryopump • CSW-61C/D Compressor • Remote Cryopump Controller with RS-485 Cables • Flexible Gas Lines • Power Cables Available Configurations• ANSI 10” Flange• Standard Fully-Automated Operation• SHI Proprietary Inverter Technology Standard Scope of Supply • KZ-12L Cryopump • CSW-61C/D Compressor • Remote Cryopump Controller with RS-485 Cables • Flexible Gas Lines •Power CablesSHI offers a complete line of necessary interconnect-ing cables for our Marathon ® CP Cryopump Sys-tems. Standard, manual systems include cables that transmit the necessary power from our compressors to the cryopump cold head. Standard length is 10 feet (3 meters) with options to extend up to 66 feet (20 meters). For our fully automatic, MCC-driven systems, additional interconnecting cables are in-cluded to power the cold head, MCC, automatic valves, blanket heater and vacuum and temperature instrumentation. RS-232 cables connect between our optional MCC and the customer’s host computer, PLC or PC.The SI CERA ® Cryopump system includes power cables for the pumps, compressors and controller. In addition, RS-485 cables connect the con-troller to both the pumps and compressors. SI CERA™ system cablescome in a variety of lengths and can be customized to fit the customer’sprocess.SHI offers Temperature I ndicator Kits, de-signed to accurately display and/or com-municate critical cryopump temperatures forour Marathon ® CP Cryopumps. Model 1901Indicator is a single, Model 9302 is dual, andModel 9304 is a four channel temperature in-dicator. All have alarm set points, RS-232 interface and analogoutput (optional on Model 1901). Model 9302 and 9304 Indica-tors additionally have a standard Ethernet interface. Tempera-ture indicators provide the necessary excitation and accuratereadout for our standard temperature diodes and kits comecomplete with 50 foot interconnecting cable(s).The S CERA ® Remote Cryopump Control-ler enables fully automatic operation of SICERA ® Cryopumps using commands from the end user’s host computer and industrystandard cryopump protocol. The controller comes standard with all SICERA®Cryopump systems. An Operation Panel Unit (shown in picture) is available as an option to monitor the status of the cryopumps and compressors, as well as to modify the regen-eration sequence and to obtain key data from the cryopump system.SHI’s MCC enables fully automatic operation of Marathon ® CP Cryopumps. Industry standard cryopump protocol is delivered via RS-232 interface from the customer’s host computer, PLC or Windows-based PC (using optional SHI MCS Software). Automatic operation and regeneration, as well as monitoring of critical system functions, are enabled, resulting in im-proved process times, enhanced efficiency of the user’s process and greatly reduced down-time between production cycles. I n conjunc-tion with the MCC, Marathon ® CP Cryopumps are enhanced with all necessary automatic valves, vacuum and temperature instrumen-tation and blanket heaters to enable safe andefficient automatic operation and regeneration.Tool Kits & Replacement Parts KitsCables Flexible & Superflex Gas LinesMarathon ® Cryopump Controller (MCC)SICERA ® Remote Cryopump Controller Temperature IndicatorsSICERA ® Cryopumps come equipped with flex-ible helium gas lines in 82 feet (25 meter) lengths,while Marathon ® CP Cryopumps come standardwith flexible helium gas lines in lengths from 10feet (3 meters) to 66 feet (20 meters). Gas linesterminate in size 8 female coupling halves forquick connect and disconnect to/from the coldhead and compressor and are also available withone end at 90°.Optional Superflex lines offer superior flexibilityand smaller bend radius without thinning the wall of the hose and of-fer a higher flexing cycle life than standard lines. Superflex lines alsodampen vibration and noise of the helium gas traveling through thelines. All flexible gas lines are pre-charged with clean helium gas.SHI offers a complete line of replacementparts kits that include all of the required partsand assemblies to completely reconditionMarathon ® CP Cryopumps and compres-sors.Tool kits are available from the standardwrench kit (used for connecting couplings)that accompanies new Marathon CP ® sys-tems to more comprehensive kits that in-clude such items as gas charging valves andadditional tools required for performing yourown service on Marathon ® CP Cryopumps and compressors.Contact your local SHI office for details.GLOBAL SERVICE & SUPPORT PROGRAMSAt SHI Cryogenics Group, we realize that our customers are diverse and the markets they serve are demanding and unique. In response, our global service and support network offers responsive and value-added support for our complete range of products. Our factory-trained technicians are located in strategic service centers around the globe and offer 24/7 on-call support, with no machines and no waiting.Our cryopump service offerings are both flexible and cost effective, including:• Product return to regional service depot for service, repair or complete refurbishment• Technical assistance in diagnosing equipment issues via phone or e-mail• Product exchange programs• Customer training programs• Customized service contractsAdditionally, Marathon® CP Cryopumps, can be serviced on-site, in-situ by the cus-tomer or a SHI factory-trained technician, without breaking vacuum or remov-ing the cryopump from the chamber for return or replacement. This uniqueservice option is the result of the high-quality, ultra-reliable Displex®Cryocooler technology found in all Marathon® CP Cryopumps.Displex® Cryocoolers have a long and successful operatinghistory, and feature a pneumatic drive that optimiz-es performance, reliability and main-tainability.Performing in-situ service lowers the total cost of ownership by:• Minimizing the required capital investment in spare parts• Minimizing the “down time” of your system for service or repair• Eliminating the cost of shipping a complete cryopump to a service center• Eliminating labor costs associated with complete disassembly of the cryopump from your systemSICERA® Cryopumps can be returned to one of SHI’s service centers for routine maintenance, service or complete refurbishment. Additional SICERA® pumps and compressors are available as “exchange units.” Simply install the exchange unit and the returned unit will be refurbished and placed “on the shelf” ready for the next exchange.Additionally, our factory-trained service technicians are available for on-site training, scheduled maintenance or emergency visits, offering rapid-response service for mission-critical applications.Whether you have service performed by a qualified service technician, perform in-situ service yourself with readily-ADDITIONAL PRODUCTS FROM SHI CRYOGENICS GROUP In addition to the cryopumps featured in this catalogue, SHI Cryogenics Group designs and manufactures4K and 10K G-M Cryocoolers, Pulse Tubes and other low temperature cooling technology.SHI Cryogenics Group’s 10K Gifford-McMahon Cryocoolers are versatile, orientation-free, closed-cycle systems that feature the same Displex® technology found in the complete line of Marathon® CPCryopumps and MRI coolers, proven the world over with millions of reliable operating hours. Theyhave been recognized as the industry standard since we developed the technology over 40 years ago.Our original pneumatic drive, which limits the number of wear parts in the refrigerator, combined withstate-of-the-art design features, results in superior performance and low maintenance costs. Selectmodels, such as the CH-208 (left), also feature Whisper® technology for quieter operation.SHI’s 10K Cryocoolers have proven reliability in thousands of applications, includingMRI, cryopumping, research and other custom low-temperature applications.SH I CryogenicsGroup’s 4K Gifford-McMahon Cryocoolers arerecognized as the most reliableand versatile systems available in themarketplace. These Cryocoolers featurehigh cooling capacities, compact designs and areorientation-free. Models like the SRDK-408D2 (left) are the standardfor MRI and other superconducting magnets and can be found cooling awide variety of analytical and experimental devices and offer a verycost effective alternative to open-cycle liquid helium systems.SHI’s 4K Pulse Tube Cryocoolers embody leading-edge technologyand provide low vibration, high reliability and low maintenancerequirements. They are uniquely designed with no moving partsinside the coldhead. I n addition, the SRP-062B (right) featuresan optional separated valve unit to further reduce vibration, enableoperation in higher magnetic fields and ease maintenance requirements. SHI PulseTube Cryocoolers provide a stable low-temperature solution for sensitive measurementand analytical applications.For additional literature and information regarding 10K Cryocooler, 4K G-M and PulseTube Cryocooler designs, please contact your local SHI Cryogenics Group sales office.11For Information in:AsiaSumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd.ThinkPark TowerCryogenics Division, Sales Department 1-1, Osaki 2-Chome, Shinagawa-Ku Tokyo 141-6025, Japan Phone: +81-3-6737-2550Fax: +81-3-6866-5114E-mail:***********.jpCryogenics Division, Service Department 2-1-1, Yato-cho, Nishitokyo-city Tokyo 188-8585, Japan Phone: +81-42-468-4265Fax: +81-42-468-4254E-mail:*******************.jpUnited StatesSumitomo (SHI) Cryogenics of America, Inc.1833 Vultee Street Allentown, PA 18103Phone: +1 610-791-6700Fax: +1 610-791-0440E-mail:***********************EuropeSumitomo (SHI) Cryogenics of Europe, Ltd.3 Hamilton Close, Houndmills Industrial Estate Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6YT United KingdomPhone: +44 (0) 1256 853333Fax: +44 (0) 1256 471507E-mail:************************.ukSumitomo (SHI) Cryogenics Shanghai, Ltd.Building 15Lane 333 Zhujian Road Minhang DistrictShanghai 201107, P .R. China Phone: +86-21-5486-6318Fax: +86-21-5486-0065E-mail:***********************.jpSumitomo (SHI) Cryogenics of America, Inc.1700 Wyatt Drive Suite 13Santa Clara, CA 95054Phone: +1 408-645-3346Fax: +1 408-736-7325Sumitomo (SHI) Cryogenics of Europe, GmbH Daimlerweg 5aDarmstadt D-64293, Germany Phone: +49 (0) 6151 860 610Fax: +49 (0) 6151 800 252E-mail:***********************Sumitomo (SHI) Cryogenics Korea Co., Ltd.3F , 280-3, Saneop-ro155beon-gil, Gweonseon-GuSuwon-City, Gyeonggi-Do, South Korea Phone: +82-31-278-3050Fax: +82-31-278-3053E-mail:******************.jpSumitomo (SHI) Cryogenics T aiwan Co., Ltd.4th Floor, No. 3Lane 216, Gongyuan Rd.Hsinchu City 300, Taiwan ROC Phone: +886 3 561 2557Fax: +886 3 562 3400Sumitomo (SHI) Cryogenics of America, Inc.1500-C Higgins RoadElk Grove Village, IL 60007Phone: +1 847-290-5801Fax: +1 847-290-1984World Wide Web: © SHI Cryogenics Group 2/16。
AATCC61：2021美国水洗色牢度中文翻译
AATCC61：2021美国水洗色牢度中文翻译耐水洗色牢度：加速法1.目的与范围1.1本快速冲洗测试方法，用作评价纺织品经频密冲洗后的水洗色牢度，织物经五次经典的手洗脸或家庭冲洗的洗涤剂溶液和摩擦促进作用所引发的退色及表面变化，吻合于一次45分钟的试验。
然而，五次经典的手洗脸或家庭冲洗所导致的渗入程度，并无法通过45min的测试去预测。
因为冲洗负荷中织物纤维成分、颜色擦掉贴衬织物上的比例和其他最终用途条件等就是相同的。
1.2当本方法最初建立的时候，评价因五次经典的手洗或家庭洗涤产生的色变和沾色的方法各种各样。
这些年来，由于实验室的一次加速洗涤过程不能重现各种不同的洗涤过程，商业洗涤过程已经变得包含了各种不同的过程，在2021年，所有参考那些不能准确反映如今使用的典型商业洗涤过程已经被废止。
2.原理2.1试样在最合适的温度，洗涤液，染料和摩擦促进作用下测试，试样的颜色变化可以在较短时间内赢得。
这种摩擦促进作用就是通过试样与容器，高浴比溶液及钢球的冲击而产生的结果。
3.术语3.1色牢度――材料对于其任何颜色性能的变化，其染料转移到邻近材料或者两种现象同时出现的抗耐性，上述现象通常是材料在其加工，测试，储存或者使用中可能遇到的环境作用的结果。
3.2冲洗――对纺织材料，通过水溶液洗涤剂冲洗并冲洗、水解和潮湿，以洗掉污渍的过程。
4.安全措施注：这些安全措施仅作为信息提供。
作为测试过程的辅助措施，安全正确地展开实验操作方式就是操作者的责任。
生产商必须对安全细节例如安全数据表及其他生产商的所推荐展开指导。
必须参照和严格遵守所有的osha标准和规定。
4.1遵循良好的实验室管理规范，在实验室区域佩带护目镜。
4.2所有化学品必须小心轻放。
4.3aatcc1993标准洗涤剂aatcc2021标准洗涤剂可以致敏，需注意不容遇到眼睛和皮肤。
4.4应就近装备洗眼器/安全冲淋设施以备急用。
4.5当操作仪器时，应参照仪器生产商的安全说明。
鞋业英语教材
CONTENTUnit 1 Material Of Shoes And Names鞋材及部位名稱---------------2 Unit 2 Shoemaking-Processing制鞋流程-----------------------------3 Cutting裁断Preparation准备加工Stitching针车Assembling成型流程Packing & Shipping包装出货Unit 3 Bottom Knowledge底部知识-------------------------------------------8 Unit 4 Form表单------------------------------------------------------------------9 Unit 5 Expert Noun Abbreviations And Full Name专有名词缩写及全稱-----------------------------------------------------10 Unit 6 Shoe Trade Terms制鞋贸易词汇---------------------------------------13 Unit 7 Country And Unit Name国家和单位的名称----------------------15 Unit 8 Shoe Phrases And Sentences鞋类短语、句子-------------------18Unit1 Material Of Shoes And Names鞋材及材及部位部位部位名稱名稱Shoe English Words:Toe Box 前衬 Toe Cap 前套 Vamp 鞋头Vamp Lining 鞋头内里 Vamp overlay 鞋头侧片 Quarter medial/lateral 鞋身内外 Quarter lining 鞋身内里 Quarter overly 鞋身饰片 Eye-stay 鞋眼片 Eye-stay Lining 鞋眼内里 U-throat Binding 鞋口滚边 3 stripes 面饰Mudguard 鞋身侧片 Collar 外滚口Collar overlay 滚口上片 Heel Cap 后套 Heel overlay 后饰片 Heel Top 后上片Heel lining/collar Lining 反口里 Heel foam/padding 滚口泡棉 Heel counter 后衬 Tongue 鞋舌Tongue lace loop 鞋舌穿孔带 Tongue overlay 鞋舌上片Tongue bottom 舌下片 Tongue top 舌上片 Tongue Lining 鞋舌内里 Tongue Foam/padding 鞋舌填物 Insole 中底 Lace 鞋带 Sock-liner 鞋垫Sock-liner cover 鞋垫面料 Midsole 中插 Outsole 外底Unit2 Shoemaking-Processing制鞋流程Part1: Cutting裁断Process 流程Processing制程Water jet cutting 水刀裁断Piece 片Produce 生产Production 生产线Production trial 生产试作Type 类型Preparing material 备料Scissors 剪刀Shrink 缩水Reinforcement 补强Operator 操作员Angle 角度Cut 切下Cutter 切割机；裁断机Cutting 裁断Cutting die 斩刀Cutting board 裁断板；切割板Cutting direction 裁断方向Cutting machine 裁断机器Cutting plant 斩板Upper piece 面部片数Die cut sock-liner 刀Molded sock-liner 活动鞋垫Pairing/Matching 配双Hand decoration 手工修饰Handwork 手工Hand cutting 手裁切Color 颜色Adhesive 粘剂，接着剂Color variation 色差Single layer 单层Deep color 深色Color matching 配色；着色；对色Foam 泡棉Dark color暗淡的颜色Equipment 设备Dull color 暗色Part2：Preparation准备加工Print 印刷Screen print 网板印刷HF print 高周波印刷Rubber print 胶印Embroidery 刺绣；电绣HF emboss 高周波Emboss 凸起Embossing machine 压纹机Deboss 凹下Emboss line 凸起线条Deboss line 凹进线条Raise/raised 凸起Recess/recessed 凹下Heat emboss 热压Heat molding垫定型Weld TPU 熔切TPUWeld Synthetic 熔切合成皮Skiving 削薄skived edge 削边Skiving machine 削薄机Cementing 刷胶Hammering flat 锤平Flatten 变平Reinforce tape 补强带Reinforcing 贴补强Scoop out; scooped 削腰Fixing 整理Flash 毛边Hairy 起毛Sublimation 升華转印Surface 表面No-sea m 无逢合线（指无针车线) Starch 上浆Resin 树脂Part3：Stitching针车Stitching 针车Single stitching 车单针Double stitching 车双针Binding 滚边Folded edge 折边Piping 包芯滚Distance between stitching 線距Stitch length 针距Stitching marking 针缝记号Stitching groove 车线沟Stitching machine 针车机Stitching not even/Stitching uneven 车缝不平均Retain the shape 保持形状Returning collar lining 翻反口里Stitching not on the mark 未照记号车缝Edging 饰边elastic band 松紧带Eyelet 鞋眼扣eyelet puncher 鞋眼打孔机Marking 划线eyelets punching 打鞋眼Perforation 打孔Margin 边距Tape 胶带Thread 车缝线Filler 填充物；填腹Loose thread 脱线Extension 接片Part4：Assembling成型流程activation 活化 Air bubble 气泡 Primer 处理剂 Priming 药水处理 Assembly 成型 BIM 吸震片Cement 接着剂；胶水 Cementing 上胶Chilling 冷冻定型 Component 组件 Compound 配方 Cooling 冷却 Drying 烘干 Drying tunnel 干燥箱 Buffing 磨粗 Roughing 打粗 Rough (upper, bottom) 打粗(面，底); 粗糙 Punching – 冲孔Last 楦头 Put-on last 入楦 Put-out last 拔楦Quick heating and cooling 急速加垫冷却 Press 冲床；重压 Pressing machine 压底机 Reject 不接收；不合格Quality control; QC 品检；品质管制 Insole 中底 Standard 标准 Side lasting 腰帮 Cookie 足弓垫 Gum rubber 生胶 In pair/Matching 配双 Sock-liner 鞋垫 Pairing 配双 Pair quantity 双数 Heel not straight 跟不正 Wrinkle 皱纹 Loss 损耗Marking pen 记号笔 Mass/ bulk production 量产 Molding 定型Mulling 鞋面加热烘软 Oven 烤箱 Paper filler 纸团 Pincer 钳子；前帮机的夹头 Production trail 生产试作Production line 生产线 Defect ratio 报废率Part5：Packing & Shipping包装&出货Sample 样品Hangtag 吊牌Label 标签Packing 包装Tissue paper 包装纸Wrapping paper 包装纸Shipment 船期，交货期Shipping 出货Order 订单Repacking 翻箱Shoe box label 内盒标Inner box label 内盒标Shoe tree 鞋弓；鞋撑Separations plate 隔板Cardboard 纸板Delay 延误Deadline 最后期限Delivery date 交货期Invoice 发票Quantity 数量Gross weight 毛重Net weight 净重Customs checking 海关检查Packing list 装箱Inspector 检查员Confirmation sample 确认样品Tool 工具Case 箱Carton 纸箱；外箱Unit 3 Bottom Knowledge底部知识deformations 变形incline 倾斜low 低的high 高的narrow 窄的wide 宽的short 短deep 深shallow 浅"thickness 厚、厚度thin 薄"depth 深度density 密度abrasion 摩擦力hardness 硬度Tensile 拉力Tear Strength 撕裂力Elongation 延展性Rebound" 弹性property 特性raised 凸出recessed 凹陷above 在…上面color migration 溢色polish, glossy 抛光radius R度、半径undercut 倒插sharp 尖的、锋利trimming 修边chamfer 斜面heel bevel 后翘cone 圆锥形notch 凹口、槽口shrinkage 收缩non-slip" 防滑Deform 使变形Widen 放宽Deepen 加深shallower 变浅shorter 变短to flat, flatten 变平harden变硬adjust 调整taper / fade 逐渐减少reduce 减少enlarge 加大color groove 隔色沟side wall 边墙cavity 凹沟、穴flat 平面、平台edge 边缘step 台阶insert 插块Rubber 橡胶Medial 内腰Lateral 外腰Shank 腰部graphite 石墨High frequency Mold 高周波模Heat press mold 热压模Receptacle 钉座(田径鞋)Unit4 Form表单Bonding test report 粘着力测试报告 Cost breakdown summary 成本分析表Development mold request form 开模同意书Material breakdown sheet材料分析表 Material status for 材料状况表Material supplier lab test sample information sheet 测试材料资料表 Mold tracking report for 模具追踪表napos bonding test report 高周波测试报表Outstanding cfm sample status form确认样品状况表 Outstanding csar trackingcsar 状况表 packing list 装箱单 Pulling test eyelets 眼扣拉力测试Released spec covers sheetTracking list 追踪表 Sample list样品明细表 Shipping advice 出货通知Testing material list 材料测试明细 The sample list for 样品进度表Tooling tracking test report 制具追踪表UV .-test and aging test report 耐黄与老化测试报表YYII commercialization mold tracking report 量产模具进度表 Order list 订购明细表Unit5 Expert Noun AbbreviationsAnd Full Name专有名词缩写及全称专有名词缩写及全称（（一）AbbreviationFull NameChineseCCM cost confirmation memo 鞋型价格确认表 MCF mould confirmation form模具确认要求 CBD cost breakdown 成本分析表\价格分析表 PLO profit/labor cost/overhead利润/人工费/管销费CR Change request 更改要求 TN total new 全新鞋型 NU new upper 新鞋面旧底 NC new color way 旧型体新配色 NM new material 旧型体新材料 PPA PRE production approval模具自述批准表FOB free on board 离岸价 PPR product prototype review 第一次开发样品 PFR product final review 第二次开发样品 GMM global marketing meeting 全球市场样品销售会议Preview Sample预售样品 SMS Salesman Sample 销售样品 IES Initial Evaluation Stage 样品码试作 FES Final Evaluation Stage大中小试作 FSR Full Size Run 全套试作 P.T. Production Trail 量产前试作 SRF Sample Request Form 样品英文工作明细表Spec. Production Specification Sheet生产规格表 CWA Color way Activation 型体量产确认单 PDM Product data management产品数据管理 BOM Bill of Material生产指令表 MCS Manufacturing Confirmation Sample确认样品确认通知单MOQ minimum order quantity最低订单 a.a.r against all 全险 a/c. account 账目 A/c. account current 往来账户 Acc. acceptance 已承兑 A.g.ba good brand任何名牌Abbreviation Full Name Chinese A/O. account of 记入..账内A.P additional premium 附加保险A/R. all risks 全险A/S account sales 售货清单A V. average 平均数B.B. Bill Book 出纳簿Cr. credit; creditor 贷方B.D bank Draft 银行汇票O/a on account 赊账Ctge cartage 车费Curt. current 本月现付NE. no efffects 无存款Net. netto(lowest) 传收入N/f no funds 无款Bd. bond 债券Bds. boards 董事会B/E Bill of Exchange 汇票Bk. bank book 账簿Bkg. banking 银行业B/L Bill of lading 提货单B.P.B. bank post bill 银行汇票B/R. band rate 银行贴现率B.rec. bill receivable 应收票据B.S. balance sheet 资产负债表Bt. bought 购入C/- case currency 现金.息单C/A capital 资本账户Cat. catalogue 目录C.B. cash.book 现金簿C/D custome declaration 现金账c.d cum dividendo 附股息报关表Cert. certificate 说明书C/F carried forward 转下页cge. carriage 运费C.H custom.house 海关C/i certificate of insurance 保险说明说C&I cost insurance 保险费在内价C.I.F cost. insurance 到岸价格C/O cash order 现金汇票] C/o care of;carried over 转交c.o.d cash on delivery 货到付款com. commercial 商业佣金cont. contract 合同Deg. degree 等级Dft. draft 汇票Div. divident.division 红利.部门D/N Debit Note 借项清单Dols. dollors 美元Dr. debit 借方Abbreviation Full Name ChineseE.D ex dividend 息股除外D.R. deposit receipt 存款收条D/W dock.warrant 码头仓单dely delivery 交付com. commercial 商业佣金TT.T/T Telegraphic Transfer 电汇汇票V. versus-against 对.相反Cy. currency 货币D/C deviation clause 贴现Dd. delivered 交付Eq. equivalent 等值Exd. examined 已检查Exs. expenses 费用Fac. facsimile 复印件F.i.t. free of 免所得费F/O for oders 准备出售F.O.B Free on Board 船上交货价F.P. fully paid 付讫Frt. freight 运费gr.wt. gross weight 毛重h.p horse-power 马力H.P.N. horse-power nominal 标称马力I.B invoice book 发票簿id. Idem-the same 同上led. ledger 总账簿L.I.P. life insurance policy 人寿保险单M/a my account 本人账户M/c marginal credit(banking) 限界信贷M/D memorandum of deposit 存款单Min. minimum .minute 分钟Mks marks 商标M.O. money order 邮汇Mos. months 月P/A private account 私人账户P/C price.current 时价表Pc. price.piece 价格,个P.C.B petty cash book 零用现金簿Pkg. package 包裹P/N promissory note 期票P.O. purchase order 汇票P.O.B Post office Box 邮政信箱Ppd. prepaid 预付Prfe. preferenc of preferred 优先P.T.O please turn over 转下页Q.W quod vide-which see 调查阅Q.y query 查核re. with reference to 关于recd. received 收到R.I. re-insurance 再保险Unit6 Shoe Trade Terms制鞋貿易詞匯accepting bank承兌銀行adjust 調整agreement同意書air parcel post航空郵包allowance允許approved核准area面積average 平均bank 銀行bill of exchange匯票back后面bigger/big加大call打電話cancel取消change改變check審核,核對clarify澄清closing date結關日collection托收(票据) company公司computer room電腦室condition情形,環境confirm确認container貨柜contact聯絡,聯系contract合約copy影印,复制correct /incorrect正确/不正确cost /costing价格,成本,花費cost& freight(C&F)貨价及運費customer客戶customs海關deadline最后期限delay延誤delivery交貨期demand需求depth; deep深度description說明detail細節;細篩;花紋development開發difference差异,差額dimension; size尺寸direct trade直接貿易double check复查dust collector集塵設備edit制作engineering工程equipment設備export出口exporter出口商factory工厂fade漸弱final最終的fit配合flat平台foreign exchange外匯free on board (FOB)船上交貨FW (forward)轉寄gender性別gross weight毛重handle with care小心輕放height/high高度/高higher加高identify 鑒別,确定,定義import進口indirect trade間接貿易infant嬰儿鞋initial最初的inquiry sheet 詢价單inspection sheet檢驗單inspector驗貨員installment分期付款instrument 用具invoice 發票kid's (K'S);junior大童鞋leather 皮料length/long長度/長letter字母;字線letter of credit (L/C)信用狀loading port輸出口岸loss超量損耗lower/low降低/低management管理制度manager 經理manufacture制造manufacturer制造商margin; profit利潤marking做記號material 材料,材質measure度量men's (M'S)男鞋metal 金屬micrometer測微器model 樣品;型號樣式modify/modification修改name 名稱,名字narrow 窄negotiate purchase議价net weight淨重number 號碼offer報价on-board已裝船operation操作order訂單original 原來的,最初的output產量packing list 裝箱單page頁數pair 雙peak season旺季penalty違約金per 每period 階段,時期piece 只pincer 鉗子place of delivery交貨地點planning department生管POS (position)位置price list報价單pro forma invoice估价單process流程purchasing department采購quality control 品質管制quantity (Q'TY)數量raise /raised凸起rate比率,匯率recess /recessed凹下reduced price減价reference sample參考樣品register登記,記錄released發放remark備注remove移開,去掉repacking改裝report 報告revise /revision修改rubber room 底厂ruler 尺running shoes慢跑鞋satisfied 滿意scale 比例schedule計划表,進度表sea port港口seller賣者service服務set 一套,一副shipment 船期,交貨期shipping 出貨shipping advice 出貨通知shorter/short縮短/短sign; signature簽名simple 簡單的single 單一的size 尺寸slack season; off season淡季smaller; small縮小;小specific gravity 比重specification規格square平方standard 標准Status 狀態steady; stable穩定stock fitting 底加工style 樣式風格supervisor主管supply供求tag標价牌tapper 斜度,打斜telephone 電話thickness 厚度title抬頭trading company貿易公司triangle三角形unit 單位unit price 單价unpacking開箱useful load裝載量vendee買主;買方vice senior manager副協理warehouse倉庫wider加寬width/wide寬度/寬window視窗yielding獲利A.D.C (adidas development centre)愛迪達開發中心commercialization department工程部門( 商品化部門) cost, insurance& freight (CIF)貨价,運費及保險S.D.C. ( Salomon Developing Centre)所羅門開發中心executive senior manager執行協理Unit7 Country and Unit Name国家及单位名称认识Country Name 国家名称:China 中國Argentina 阿根廷 Australia 澳大利亞 Benelux 比利時 Bolivia 玻利維亞 Brazil 巴西 Canada 加拿大 Chile 智利Colombia 哥倫比亞 Cuba 古巴Czech Republic 捷克斯洛伐克 Denmark 丹麥 Ecuador 厄瓜多爾 Egypt 埃及 Fiji 斐濟 Finland 芬蘭 France 法國 Germany 德國Greece 希腊H.K. (Hongkong) 香港 Hungary 匈牙利 India 印度 Indonesia 印尼 Israel 以色列 Italy 意大利 Japan 日本 Korea 韓國Latin American 拉丁美洲 Lebanon 黎巴嫩 Malaysia 馬來西亞 Mexico 黑西哥 Middle East 中東 Netherlands]荷蘭 New Zealand 新西蘭 Norway 挪威 Panama 巴拿馬Paraguay 巴拉圭 Philippines 菲利賓 Poland 波蘭Singapore 新加坡 South Africa 南非 Spain 西班牙 Sweden 瑞典 Switzerland 瑞士 Taiwan 台灣 Thailand 泰國 Turkey 土耳其U.K. (united king)英國U.S.A. (United States of America)美國Uruguay 烏拉圭 Venezuela 委內瑞拉 Vietnam 越南Unit Name 单位名称:US$ 美元 RMB 人民幣 HKD 港幣 NTD 台幣 DM 馬克 meter (M)米inch 英寸 (1inch=25.4millimetres)foot 英尺 (1foot=12inchs=0.3048metres) square meter (SQM)平方米square foot (SQFT) 平方英尺 (1sq.ft.=9.29decimetre) yard (YD)碼 (1yard=3feet=0.9144m)square yard (SQYD)平方碼 (1sq.yd.=9sq.ft.=0.836sq.m.) dozen (doz)1打,12個 roll 卷Unit8 Shoe Sentences And Phrases鞋类鞋类短语短语短语、、句子1. Counter sheet not lasted under insole 港宝没有拉邦至中底之下2. Wrinkled counter caused either by poor lasting or by wrinkled chemical sheet 拉邦不良或港宝片皱折造成后套皱折3. Soft chemical sheet due to wrong materials or wrong primer 港宝片品质不良或处理不良以致港宝太软4. Crooked chemical sheet 港宝位置歪斜5. .Low positioned chemical sheet 港宝位置过低6. Blisters on heel counter 后套部位有起泡现象7. Back height not uniform within pair by 2 mm or more 后套高度不一致达2mm 或超过更多 8. Other counter defects 其他港宝瑕疵9. Top line crooked or wavy 鞋领口歪曲或成波浪状10. Back seam off center, twisted or not vertical to heel seat, by 2mm后合缝车线不正，偏离中线、扭曲或没与后跟垂直----偏离达2mm 11. Back heights not uniform within pair 左脚后套高度不一致12. Different vamp length of left and right foot over 2 mm 左脚鞋面长度不同，相差超过2mm 13. other crooked upper defect 其他鞋面弯斜瑕疵 14. Color Variation defect 色差瑕疵 15. Poor antique treatment 锈色处理不良16. Color variation between different piece of upper 鞋面不同部位的色差17. Color of stitching and upper material not matching as per confirmation sample 车线材料与鞋面材料颜色不对参照确认样品18. Wrong color on ornaments and lace 装饰物与鞋带色差 19. Variation between left and right shoes 左右脚色差 20. Poor printing and embroidery 鞋面不良印刷或刺绣21. Contrast color of PU coating and back fabric PU 面及布里成对比色 22. Other color variation defects 其它色差瑕疵 23. Damaged Upper Defects 鞋面破损瑕疵 24. Scratch mark on upper 鞋面擦痕25. Visible roughing marks more than 1.5mm or conspicuous 看得见的磨粗过高,超过1.5MM 或很显眼. 26. Cut upper 鞋面破裂27. Torn upper caused either by high stitch density or poor reinforcement. 因不良补强或车线针距太密造成的鞋面破裂 28. Poor heat embossing. 高温后压花不良 29. Toe box collapsing 鞋头下陷30. Missing or incorrect material embossment 材料压纹消失或不正确) 31. Loose or missing ornament parts.(装饰配件丢失或松动) 32. Broken strap 前带或后带断裂33. Other damaged upper defeats. 其它的鞋面破损瑕疵 34. Eyelet and lace defects 鞋眼和鞋带瑕疵35. Punched hole bigger or smaller than eyelet.鞋眼与打洞不合36.Poor eyelet attachment. 鞋眼钉合不良37.Loose eyelet. 鞋眼松落38.Paint coat peeling off. 鞋眼的漆层剥落39.Rust eyelet or other mental buckles. 鞋眼或其它的金属扣生锈40.Wrong length. 错误的长度41.Wrong color wrong material or wrong type of lace. 鞋带颜色、材质、型式不对42.Broken yam断纱43.Eyelet row not uniform by 2.4mm.鞋眼排列不整齐，偏离达2.4mm44.Dirty marks on lace.鞋带有不良记号45.Shoelaces tied together. 左右脚鞋带系在一起46.Other eyelet and lace defects. 其它的鞋带和鞋眼瑕疵47.Lining Defects includes vamp, sock liner and counter lining 内里瑕疵，包括鞋面、鞋垫、后套里48.Lining dirty or damaged or wrinkled 内里不洁、破损或皱折.49.Trimming damage on top line stitching, causing lining to show gap 修内里口造成的破损导致开口50.Sock lining gap not deeper than 2mm. 鞋垫里位置歪斜达2 mm或超过鞋垫贴合不良51.Cementing off, between upper and lining 鞋面与内里贴合不良52.Poor or unclear marking 不良或不清楚的标记53.Other lining defects 其它内里瑕疵54.Stitching Defect 针车车线瑕疵55.Crooked stitching (out of stitching mark)车线歪斜（偏离记号点）56.Stitching too close to seam edge 针车太靠近边距57.High, low or uneven stitch density 针距太密，太松或不平均58.Loose or tight stitching 车线太松或太紧59.Skipped stitch on upper 跳针60.Incorrect needle type 不适用的针型61.Incorrect thread size 线的粗细不对62.Open seam 车线接合裂开63.Thread end 线尾未修剪干净64.Other stitching defects 其它针车线瑕疵65.Upper dirty鞋面不洁66.Glue stain 贴标痕迹67.Dirty marks 不洁的记号68.High glue line more than 1.5mm in any area 胶线太高——于任何部位超过1.5CM69.Frayed edge of PVC upper material PV/PVC 鞋面材料毛边70.Mold or mildew 发霉71.Other upper dirty defects 其它鞋面不洁瑕疵72.Wrinkled upper defects 鞋面皱折瑕疵73.Wrinkles caused by poor lasting 拉邦不良造成的皱折74.Wrinkles caused by poor bottoming 贴底不良造成的皱折75.Wrinkles caused by distorted upper 鞋面变形造成的皱折76.X-ray lines on any part of upper showing through due to edge folding, chemical sheet, toe cap ,etc由于拗边，港宝片、鞋头包片等引起的任何鞋面部位的透痕77.X-ray lines of upper lasting allowance showing through on bottom due to improper buffing or filler78.大底贴邦部位不平顺有X-ray产生，由于磨粗不平或填腹不良引起79.Rough edge of EV A outsole EV A底边未磨匀80..Impurities in sole material 大底物料不纯81.Other Bottom dirty defects 其它大底不洁瑕疵82.Wrapping not even攀帮不均匀83.Shank too loose铁心太松84.Heel not straight后套不正85.Sole come off底脱胶86.Wrong pattern 纸板错误87.Wrong material 材料错误88.Wrong cutting裁断错误89.Toe broken down鞋头凹陷90.Color variation色差91.Wrong last 楦头错误92.Wrong color颜色错误93.Damaged upper鞋面破损94.Not in pair不配双95.Crooked back stay 后套歪斜96.Crooked upper鞋面弯曲97.Crooked屈曲,不平顺98.Vamp length鞋头大小sting off center攀歪100.Sole laying not proper(centered)贴底不正确101.Back strap too high(low/long/short)后拉带太高102.Abrasion磨损103.Stitching not on the mark不照记号齿车104.Angle on insole中底发角105.Vamp open up鞋面掀开106.Wrapping not tight攀帮不紧107.Shank not straight铁心不正108.Cementing comes off脱胶109.Outsole not smooth大底不平110.Gore too weak松紧带弹性不佳111.Cement on heel鞋眼沾胶112.Cementing no good接着力不佳113.Cleanness not enough清洁度不佳114.Vamp split off 鞋面爆开115.Color not matching色116.Loose thread脱线117.Broken thread断线118.Turn yellow变黄119.Turn dark变黑120.Pinch in 缩进去121.Flatten变平122.Rough粗糙123.x-ray透痕124.smeary污染125.hairy 起毛126.gaping缝隙127.sole adhesion大底欠胶128.chip碎屑129.dirty脏的130.getting mildew发霉131.back height后跟高度132.over cemented溢胶133.bottom dirty大底不洁134.wet operation湿场作业135.trimming and sorting修邊與整理136.soaking 浸水137.fleshing 削肉138.unhairing脱毛139.bating酵解软化140.picking浸酸141.tanning鞣制142.wringing挤水143.splitting and shaving起层及削里144.retanning, coloring 再鞣,染色145.settingout 张皮146.dry operation干场作业147.drying干燥148.conditioning回湿149.staking铲软150.buffing磨皮151.finishing整饰152.measuring量測153.grading分级154.TTP: tongue top pressure. 鞋舌頂端頂腳155.FFP：flex fold pressure. 彎折處壓腳t: lateral 外腰157.Med: medial 內腰158.R：right。
HG T Testing Method List 2014
中文名：乒乓球运动鞋 英文名：Special table tennis sports shoes 中文名：橡胶或塑料涂覆织物 涂覆层粘合强度的测定 英文名：Rubber or plastics-coated fabrics. Determination o 中文名：注塑鞋 英文名：Injection molding shoes 中文名：鞋类耐黄变试验方法 英文名：Test method of discoloration for footwear
BV Version
The latest Version
2003 2003(2010)
2014/3/5
2001
2001
2011 2000 2000
2000
2003
2003
2007 2007 1997
2008
2008
2010
2010
2001
2001
Test Method No.
帽子类似物 AU Sodium Solution 100mM说明书
说明书版本号:V1.1
产品信息
产品名称货号包装规格
帽子类似物AU Sodium
Solution 100mM HBP0043000.05mL 产品描述
帽子类似物AU 专为mRNA 的共转录加帽而设计，用于产生具有天然Cap 1结构的mRNA。
帽子类似物AU 专为基于正链RNA 病毒（如委内瑞拉马脑炎病毒）基因组的自我复制RNA 而设计(VEEV)、Semliki 森林病毒(SFV)和Sindbis 病毒(SIN)。
这些病毒的正链基因组以5'-AU 开始，Cap 1mRNA 与传统的共转录加帽方法抗反向帽类似物(ARCA)产生的Cap 0mRNA 相比具有优越的体内活性，可以与修饰的NTP 共同使用。
产品性质
检测指标参数
外观无色透明液体
λmax 258nm±2nm
pH(22-25℃)7.3-8.0
生物负载≤1cfu/mL
内毒素＜1EU/mL
纯度(HPLC)≥98%浓度100mM±3mM 结构运输与保存方法储存稳定性：-25～-15℃运输稳定性：≤0℃注意事项●请将其于冰上溶解,并小心防止DNase、RNase 污染降解，使用后，应立即储存于-25～-15°C。
●尽可能避免反复冻融，不要涡旋震荡。
●为了您的安全和健康，请穿戴实验服和一次性手套进行操作。
帽子类似物AU
Sodium Solution
100mM 成为世界一流的特种酶产品与服务提供商
***************。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
1.Steel Shoe(LISEGA Standards)（1）Cradle & ShoeOD=outer dimeter of pipeD= DA+2*tiD=管道带保温外径（OD ISO）DA = 管道外径ASTM C585 尺寸ti=管道保温厚度ID Cradle = D+3 +2 非防震ID Cradle = D+3 +2* t橡胶E= ID Cradle/2+HS =Cradle thicknesst =Base plate thicknessB= Width footR c= R outer of CradleR c= ID Cradle/2+SC= Cradle LengthC=150mm L1=10、C=300mm、C=500mm 、C=750mm. d= distance between the cradleL C=Straight length cradleL C= (ID Cradle + S)*π/2-d=outer fibre cradlecradle= (ID Cradle + 2*S)*π/2-dcradleW C= Weight of cradlesW C=2*L C*S*C*7.85*10-6（2）Base Plate & WebS Web =Web thickness =tA1= Rohrlager A-MaßA1=C-15A1=C-20 (t ≥ 10mm)L w= length webL w= A1-2*t-4L w= A1-2*t-2 (t≤6)N=Weld on width (C-Maß)N= B-20与ID Cradle *sin（45-β/2）-10中最小值β=sin-1（d/ ID Cradle）h foot=E-[( ID Cradle/2+S )2-(N/2)2]1/2h Web=E- ID Cradle/2-t-Sh WW =Web weld seam length verticalh WW = h Web-Ri-2L1=Outer weld seam lengthC=150mm L1=10、C=300mm L1=20、C=500mm L1=30、C=750mm L1=50.L2 (upper window length) = L4 (lower window length)L2=3*L1 ( 当L1=30时L2=100)L3=L w-2*（L1+L2）L5=Web lower weld seam lengthL5= [L w-2*（Ri+2）-L4]/2h W =height of web windowsh W =15 (h Web<50 h W=7.5)R w=Web windows radiusR w= h W/3w w=Web Weightw w=[L W*h Web-3*h W*L2-2*(Ri+2)2]*S Web*7.85*10-6F Maß Rohlager=H-SRi= R inner bending radiusRi=2*t (t≤10mm)、t=12mm Ri=25mm、t=14mm Ri=32mm、t=16mm Ri=36mm、t=18mm Ri=45mmk= k correction factork=0.65+log Ri/tv=v compensation valuev=2*（Ri+t）-π/2（Ri+k*t/2）L BP= Straight length footL BP=A1+2* h foot-2*v-1 向下取整L BP =C （Base plate if welded ）a=Base plate Weld seamt≤10mm a=3mm, t≤14mm a=4mm, t>14mm a=5mmW BP =Weight foot / Base plate W BP ={-sin -1(]}(无特殊要求f =300) （3） LUG 、DISC SPRING & BOLTSα=tan-1-)/h]α角度计算结果向下取5的整数倍。
Min Rod Length =（d+2*d1+2*h +n*Thickness disc +n* Height disc+4* Rod diameter）-1，向下取整数。
n为根据夹紧力选取的单边安装的碟簧数目。
L2=distance rod to rod (axial)L3= distance rod to rod (lateral)t d=depth of sinkH=diameter of sinkd1=distance lug to cradle edgeL3=+B-)向上取整数n r =quantity of rods n r =4 (C=750 n r =6)Choose Rod Length =（Min Rod Length/10）向上取偶数*10mm (D<150 d=20mm, D<350 d=50mm, D≥450 d=80mm)L4=distance centerline bolt - cradleL4= H/2+2*a 向下取整数.W lug=B*H*h* 2*n r *7.85*10-6F b=Clamping load per rod at operating-)/2n r,Fb min] (Fb min见对应螺栓Minimum clamping load F b值, μPUF=0.25 )F R=F RC=M*2/ODM=F L*E- Fv*B/2Fv=Vertical Load NF L=Lateral Load N （若无给定值取0.35*Fv）F A= Axial Load N （若无给定值取0.35*Fv）Fb=Clamping load per rod at ambient (见上表对应F_max) F_max=λ1*S_max3+λ2*S_max2+λ3*S_maxF_min=λ1*S_min3+λ2*S_min2+λ3*S_min○1Bending (lug)Sigma bending lug at ambient (取Fb=F_max)MPa○2Bending (weld seam)Sigma bending weld seam at ambient (取Fb=F_max) Sigma bending weld seam at operatingMPa○3Shear (weld seam)τ=○4Comprehensive stress (weld seam)σ=σallowable attach DOC. No.106365(4) Bending CradleRi= R bending inner radiusRi =2*S (S<=5 S =1.6*S or S<=6 Ri =1.67*S)C=Distance bolt centerline to edgeC=( OD disc/2+15) 向上偶数取整Db Bolt holes diameter （Bolt diameter *1.5）A=distance centerline to bolt centerlineA=(X13+OD disc/2+5) 向上偶数取整Y=sin-1[(d/2+S +Ri)/(Di/2+ S +Ri)]X11=(Di+ S )π*（90-Y）/180X12=(S /2+Ri)*π *（90-Y）/180X13=cos Y*(Di/2+ S +Ri)X14=A-X13X16= Ri *cos YL=Effective LengthL=X11+2*X12+2*X14+2*Cσb ambient (取值Fb=F_max) [MPa]σb operating [MPa]MPaσallowable attach DOC. No.106365.(S≤5, Q235B σallowable=113.3MPa, S>5 Q345B σallowable=163.3MPa)σb ambient< σallowable选用Bending Cradle 否则选用welded lug （5）TYPE 57型Cradle Ring 、Pipe thrust ring & Shear lugt c = Cradle ring thickness （t c=S）Single step PUF：h c=min（0.5*PUF thk or 50）Larger than one step PUF ：h c =min（Inner PUF thk or 50）R o=min{180-2*sin-1[X-m/( ID Cradle/2-h c)] or [180-15-2*sin-1(d/ ID Cradle/2)]} 向下取整10倍数。
(d=20 X-m=20, d=50 X-m=30, d=80 X-m=35) mmA Fa=pressure area lower cradle ringt c=4 a=2，t c≤10 a=3，t c>10 a=4.向上取整数。
A Fa= ( ID Cradle-h c)π* R o/360*( h c-W cr=Weight cradle ringsW cr= (ID Cradle-h c)π* R o/360a)Pipe thrust ringt1= Pipe ring thicknesst2= Shear lug thicknessti=inner PUF thicknessL pr=Lever arm of pipe ringA pr=contact area of pipe ringn1= quantity of Shear lugL sl=length of shear lugR c=cut out radius of shear lug a sl=weld seam size of shear lug ti<40mm, no thrust pipe ringti≥40mm, single stepsh pr=h sl=ti/2ti≥40mm, stepsh pr=h sl= tit2=SA pr=(h pr+DA)*π* h prL pr==[(h pr+DA)*π/n-t2]/4L bl=(h pr+DA)*π/nM b1=F A* L pr *( )W=(bending of pipe ring)F A= max axial load outer area / half inner area F A=max Fa=min(A pr/2, A Fa)* σPUFFor G2P/G3/G4 type support:(bending of pipe ring)M b2=F A*(L bl-t1)(ref:DOC.No.855959)b) Shear lug1. Bending (weld seam)Lever arm shear lug=2.Shear (weld seam)prehensive stress (weld seam)(Note: LISEGA limited this stress by 50N/mm2)L max= Over-all-lengthL max=max(C,C1,C2)+2*t1+2*t2W pr+shear=Weight pipe rings and shear lugsW Pr+shear= {(L sl* h sl*t2*n1)+[(DA+2* h Pr)2*π/4-DA2*π/4]*t1}*7.85*10-6*2 Overall height pipe ring half=DA/2+ h pr-1Overall length pipe ring half= DA+ h pr*2Overall height cradle ring half= ID Cradle/2- (ID Cradle/2-h c) *cos (R o/2)Overall length cradle ring half =ID Cradle *sin (R o/2)Load transfer =Specified Axial Load-F AC) Thrust nosetn= thickness thrust noseLn= Length thrust noseLn=d (ID cradle≤300), Ln=d+10 (ID cradle≤550), Ln=d+20 L Wn=weld seam length thrust noseL Wn=Ln-(d/2+10), L Wn=Ln-(d/2+5) (d≤50)Wn= Width thrust noseweld size thrust nose=a(shear weld seam)(torsion weld seam)(tau weld seam)(Surface pressure MPa) L’=space check between the lugsL’=(L2-W-2)-(3*Wn+2+10)tn/2=Chamfer at thrust nose。