英语句子成分、句子结构讲解及练习(含答案)
英语句子成分和句子结构讲解及练习
英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习一、句子成分(一)句子成分的定义:构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。
句子成分有主要成分和次要成分;主要成分有主语和谓语;次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。
(二)主语:主语(Subject)是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。
但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。
(三)谓语谓语(Predicate) 说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。
动词在句中作谓语,一般放在主语之后。
谓语的构成如下:1、简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。
如:He practices running every morning.The plane took off at ten o’clock.2、复合谓语:(1)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。
如:You may keep the book for two weeks.He has caught a bad cold.(2)由系动词加表语构成。
如:We are students.注意:谓语与主语在人称与数方面要保持一致。
(四)表语表语(Predicative)用以说明主语的性质、特征、状态与身份,它一般位于系动词(如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等)之后。
常见的系动词有状态系动词可用来表示主语性质或状态,只有be一词,例如:He is a teacher. 他是一名教师。
(表示主语的身份--性质)He is ill. 他病了。
(表示主语的状态)持续系动词用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度,主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand, 例如:He always kept silent at meeting. 他开会时总保持沉默。
This matter rests a mystery. 此事仍是一个谜。
(英语)英语句子结构与成分解题技巧和训练方法及练习题(含答案)含解析
19. The sentence structure of "My mother gives me some bread." is " ".
A. S+V+O
B. S+V+IO+DO
C. S+V+DO+C
【答案】 B
【解析】 【分析】句意:句子 "My mother gives me some bread." 的结构是什么? A.主语 +谓 语 +宾语; B.主语 +谓语 +间接宾语 +直接宾语; C.主语 +谓语 +间接宾语 +宾语补足语。 my
【点评】考查简单句的基本结构。
5.The young man ________ glasses is my teacher.
A. wear
B. wears
C. put on
【答案】 D
【解析】 【分析】句意:带着眼镜的年轻人是我的老师。这个句子是简单句,根据
D. with is 可知
句子结构是系表结构, wear 穿着,戴着,动词, put on 穿上,戴上,动词短语,所以
A,B,C 三个选项都不正确,故选 D。
【点评】此题考查简单句的结构。注意句子成分结构。
6.The boy_______ black hair_______ a blue coat.
A. has; has
B. with; in
C. has; wears
【答案】 D
D. with; wears
【解析】 【分析】句意:留着黑头发的男孩穿着一件蓝色大衣。一个句子中不能出现两个 谓语动词故选项 A 和 C 错误, B 选项两个介词,放在句中缺少谓语动词, with 具有, with
基础英语之句子成分和句子结构讲解及练习(含答案)
英语句子成分和句子结构讲解及练习(含答案)主语(subject): 位在句首,动作发出者,指人/物/行为/事情,可以是名词/代词/数字/动名词doing形式/to do不定式/主语从句来做主语The sun rises in the east.He likes dancing.Twenty years is a short time.Seeing is believing.To see is to believe.What he needs is a book.It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. (it做形式主语,that引导真正的主语从句)谓语(predicate): 说明主语的动作、状态和特征, 由谓语动词的形态体现时态We study English.We can swim.We wanted to buy a book yesterday.We will go to Beijing.表语(predicative): 系动词之后的成分,表示主语的性质、状态和特征。
可以是名词/代词/数字/形容词/介词(短语)/动名词doing形式/to do 不定式/从句He is a teacher.It is you, who broke the window.Five and five is ten.He is asleep.The picture is on the wall.My duty is looking after this boy.To see is to believe.The question is whether they will come.主语和表语需要用连系动词连接注意:连系动词It is a book. I am at home.It sounds a good idea. Tom looks thin.The food smells delicious. The food tastes good.The door remains open. Now I am feeling tired.常见系动词:be动词,感官系动词(look,sound,smell,taste,feel),补充其他系动词:保持类系动词(remain,keep),变化类系动词(become,go,turn,get),似乎(seem,appear),证明是(prove)宾语:位于动词或者介词后,主语发出动作后的接受者,可以是名词/代词/数字/动名词doing 形式/to do 不定式/宾语从句I like China.Are you afraid of the dog?Why are you looking at him?He likes you.How many books do you need? We need two.I enjoy working with you.I hope to see you again.Did you write down what he said?宾补:对宾语的补充,全称为宾语补足语。
英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习
英语句⼦成分和英语句⼦结构讲解及练习英语句⼦成分1.主语(subject): 句⼦说明的⼈或事物,是句⼦叙述的主体,可由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词和主语从句等来承担。
The sun rises in the east. (名词)He likes dancing. (代词)Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词)Seeing is believing. (动名词)To see is to believe. (不定式)What he needs is a book. (主语从句)2.谓语(predicate): 说明主语的动作、状态和特征。
We study English. He is asleep.3.表语(predicative): 系动词之后的成分,表⽰主语的性质、状态和特征。
He is a teacher. The cake tastes delicious.He looks tired. He became mad after that.系动词亦称联系动词(Link Verb),作为系动词,它本⾝有词义,但不能单独⽤作谓语,后边必须跟表语,构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。
常见的系动词有:1)状态系动词:be (am is are was were…)2)持续系动词:keep, rest, remain, stay, stand, “保持”3)表像系动词:seem, appear, look.. "看起来像"4)感官系动词:feel, smell, sound, taste,5)变化系动词:become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run“变得”6)终⽌系动词:prove, turn out, "证实"4.宾语:1)动作的承受者-----动宾I like China. He hates you.I enjoy working with you.2)介词后的名词、代词和动名词-----介宾Are you afraid of the snake?3)双宾语-----间宾(指⼈)和直宾(指物)He gave me a book yesterday. My father told me a story.5. 补语1)宾补:对宾语的补充,全称为宾语补⾜语。
句子成分和句子结构讲解有答案
句子成分一.主语(subject): 句子说明的人或事物。
1.请找出下列句子的主语并指出什么(词,短语或句子)可以充当主语。
The sun rises in the east. (名词)He likes dancing. (代词)Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词)Seeing is believing. (动名词)To see is to believe. (不定式)What he needs is a book. (主语从句)It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.(It形式主语,主语从句是真正主语)常见错误分析2:动词及其短语在作句子的主语时,只能使用其to do 或doing 的形式。
其中不定式强调具体的某一次的动作,-ing 强调经常发生的动作。
改错:1.play computer games does no good to us.2.Have a walk in the street is her hobby.3.Go home at once is his decision4.Make more friends will do good to us.5.I’m like computer very much.6.The story was happening the year before last.二.宾语:1.动作的承受者-----动宾请找出下列句子的宾语并指出什么可以充当宾语。
I like China. (名词)He hates you. (代词)How many do you need? We need two. (数词)I enjoy working with you. (动名词)I hope to see you again. (不定式)Did you write down what he said? (宾语从句)2.介词后的名词、代词和动名词-----介宾Are you afraid of the snake/me/fighting?3.双宾语-----间宾(指人)和直宾(指物)He gave me a book yesterday.常见错误分析1:介词后跟宾语时,必须为:名词、代词、ing 或wh型的连接词引导的从句。
中考英语复习——句子成分和英语句子基本结构讲解+练习
中考英语复习——句子成分和英语句子基本结构讲解及练习一、句子的基本结构(5种)1、主语+谓语(s+v)2、主语+系动词+表语(s+l+p)3、主语+谓语+宾语(s+v+o)4、主语+谓语+间接宾语(指人)+直接宾语(指物)(s+v+io+do)5、主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语(s+v+o+c)二、句子成分:(主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、宾补、同位语、插足语)1. 主语(subject):句子说明的人或事物。
The sun rises in the east ()He likes dancing. ()Twenty years is a short time in history. ( ) Seeing is believing. ()To see is to believe.()What he needs is a book.()It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.()(一)指出下列句中主语的中心词① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.② There is an old man coming here.③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.2. 谓语(predicate):是对主语加以陈述,表示主语的行为或状态,常用动词或者动词词组担任,放在主语的后面。
We study English. He is asleep.(二). 选出句中谓语的中心词① I don't like the picture on the wall. A. don't B. like C. picture D. wall② The days get longer and longer when summer comes. A. get B.longer C. days D. summer③ Do you usually go to school by bus? A. Do B. usually C. go D. bus④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.A. will beB. meetingC. the libraryD. afternoon⑤ Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast? A. Did B. twins C. have D. breakfast3. 表语(predicative):系动词之后的成分,表示主语的性质、状态和特征。
(英语)英语句子结构与成分解题技巧分析及练习题(含答案)及解析
(英语)英语句子结构与成分解题技巧分析及练习题(含答案)及解析一、句子结构与成分1.You may know all the words on the right, but which of the following carries meaning?A. A friend self is a second.B. A second is self a friend.C. A friend is a second self.D. Self a second is a friend.【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:你可能知道右面所有的单词,但是下列哪个句子是有意义的?second,第二个;friend,朋友;self,你自己;a,不定冠词表示数量一;C为正确选项,意为:朋友是另一个自己。
故选C。
【点评】考查连词成句。
先确定句意,根据语法知识将词连接成句。
2.—What an interesting story she told us!—Yes, and her voice sounded ________.A. sweetB. smallC. clearlyD. sadly【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意:——他给我们讲的是多么有趣的故事啊!——是的,她的声音听起来很甜美。
sweet甜的;small小的;clearly清楚地;sadly伤心地。
sound是系动词,后跟形容词,故选A。
【点评】考查系表结构。
3.John calls his dog Eddie. The structure of the sentence is _______.A. S+V+OB. S+V+PC. S+V+IO+DOD. S+V+DO+OC【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意:约翰叫他的狗Eddie.这个句子的结构是_____________.根据句子可知这个句子的结构是:主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语。
故答案为D。
【点评】考查句子成分。
(英语)英语句子结构与成分练习题含答案含解析
(英语)英语句子结构与成分练习题含答案含解析一、句子结构与成分1.The sentence structure of "Who knows the answer?" is " ".A. S+V+OB. S+V+IO+DOC. S+V+DO+C【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意:句子"Who knows the answer?"是什么结构?A.主语+谓语+宾语;B.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语;C.主语+谓语+间接宾语+宾语补足语。
who是主语;knows是谓语;the answer是宾语,故选A。
【点评】考查句子结构,注意平时识记其分类。
2.Which of the following sentences is correct?A. He came in and sat down.B. We all like <Harry Potter>.C. When we met. He didn't say hello.D. We went out, headed for the bus stop.【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意:下面那个句子是正确的。
A是简单句,came和sat是并列谓语,都是一般过去式,所以A正确。
B中的符号不符合英语习惯,在英语中没有书名号,表示书名时通常用斜体字形式。
C句的标点符号是错误的,把met后的句号改为逗号才符合复合句的定义。
D句中headed前应加上and或者将headed改为heading构成伴随状语。
因此选A。
【点评】考查句法知识。
3.This cake is really big. _______ share it.A. May be we canB. We may be canC. Maybe we canD. Maybe can we【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意“蛋糕真的很大,也许我们可以分享它”。
(完整版)英语句子成分和结构讲解分析划分与练习及答案
考点7.The girls are singing over there are my classmates.
在那边唱歌的那些女孩是我的同学。
考点8.My parents wanted him work hard.
我父母亲想让他努力学习。
考点9.I remember saw him that day.
先找出句中的谓语,然后改正句中的错误,并说明原因。
考点1.Get up early is good for our health.
早起有利于我们的身体健康。
考点2.I want go home now.我现在想回家。
考点3.My favorite sport is play football.
我最喜爱的运动是踢足球。
Hehas hadbreakfast. (has是助动词,帮助构成现在完成时,(答疑qq 329950885)had是实义动词,意为“吃”。has had一起构成了句子的谓语。)
指出下列斜体单词是实义动词还是助动词。
i.Does( ) helike( ) swimming?
ii.Hedoes( )like( ) swimming.
考点8.Shebeganworking as a teacher after sheleftschool.()()
考点9.When did theyleaveBeijing?()
考点10.Theyleftlast week.()
3.实义动词、助动词与情态动词
实义动词和助动词是根据动词在句子中的含义和作用来划分的。实义动词也叫行为动词。
conjconjunction连词
2.及物动词和不及物动词
实义动词后面跟宾语时,这个动词是及物动词。实义动词后面不跟宾语时,此时这个动词是不及物动词。
(英语)初中英语句子结构与成分及其解题技巧及练习题(含答案)及解析
【点评】考查简单句的结构。掌握简单句的五种基本类型。
8.He ________ several months every year.
A. travels with
B. travels in
C. travels for
D. traveled
【答案】 C
【解析】 【分析】句意:他每年在外旅游好几个月。由
A. sweet
B. small
C. clearly
D. sadly
【答案】 A
【解析】 【分析】句意: ——他给我们讲的是多么有趣的故事啊!
——是的,她的声音听
起来很甜美。 sweet 甜的; small 小的; clearly 清楚地; sadly 伤心地。 sound 是系动词,后
跟形容词,故选 A。
B. S+V+O
C. S+V +IO +DO
D. S+V+O+OC
【解析】 【分析】句意: "Linda bought a book yesterday."属于哪种句型。 A 是主谓结构; B
是主谓宾结构; C 是主谓 +间接宾语 +直接宾语; D 是主谓 +宾语 +宾补。 Linda 是主语
(S); bought 是谓语动词( V), a book 是宾语( O);故答案为 C。
【点评】考查句子成分结构。
15. You may know all the words on the right, but which of the following carries meaning?
A. A friend self is a second.
(英语)初中必备英语句子结构与成分技巧全解及练习题(含答案)及解析
(英语)初中必备英语句子结构与成分技巧全解及练习题(含答案)及解析一、句子结构与成分1.'My father bought me a new watch yesterday.' It is a structure of_________.A. S+V+PB. S+V+IO+DOC. S+V+DO+COD. S+V+DO【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意:昨天我爸给我买了一块新手表。
它是S+V+IO+DO结构。
My father (主语S)+bought(谓语V)+me(间接宾语ID)+a new watch(直接宾语DO),故选B。
【点评】考查句结构和成分。
注意识记S+V+IO+DO结构的用法。
2.Which of the following sentences is correct?A. He came in and sat down.B. We all like <Harry Potter>.C. When we met. He didn't say hello.D. We went out, headed for the bus stop.【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意:下面那个句子是正确的。
A是简单句,came和sat是并列谓语,都是一般过去式,所以A正确。
B中的符号不符合英语习惯,在英语中没有书名号,表示书名时通常用斜体字形式。
C句的标点符号是错误的,把met后的句号改为逗号才符合复合句的定义。
D句中headed前应加上and或者将headed改为heading构成伴随状语。
因此选A。
【点评】考查句法知识。
3.John calls his dog Eddie. The structure of the sentence is _______.A. S+V+OB. S+V+PC. S+V+IO+DOD. S+V+DO+OC【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意:约翰叫他的狗Eddie.这个句子的结构是_____________.根据句子可知这个句子的结构是:主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语。
(英语)英语句子结构与成分解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)
(英语)英语句子结构与成分解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)一、句子结构与成分1.The sentence structure of "The boy looks smart." is" ".A. S+V+OB. S+V+IO+DOC. S+V+O+C【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:句子"The boy looks smart."是什么结构?A.主语+谓语+宾语;B.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语;C.主语+谓语+宾语+宾补。
the boys是主语,looks是谓语;smart是表语,故选C。
【点评】考查句子结构,注意平时识记其分类。
2.The young man ________ glasses is my teacher.A. wearB. wearsC. put onD. with【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意:带着眼镜的年轻人是我的老师。
这个句子是简单句,根据is可知句子结构是系表结构,wear穿着,戴着,动词,put on穿上,戴上,动词短语,所以A,B,C三个选项都不正确,故选D。
【点评】此题考查简单句的结构。
注意句子成分结构。
3.Dora's dream is ________ an English teacher when she grows up.A. for beingB. to beingC. to beD. be【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意:Dora的梦想是当她长大时成为一名英语老师。
to do不定式做表语,故选C。
【点评】考查to do不定式做表语。
4.Gina's books _______ in the room.A. is everywhereB. are everywhereC. is at everywhereD. are at everywhere 【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意:Gina的书在房间里到处都是。
(英语)初中英语句子结构与成分解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)
(英语)初中英语句子结构与成分解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)一、句子结构与成分1.Which structure is right?A. Your father is ill in bed.(S+V)B. Your friend fell down.(S+V+O)C. Your team won the match.(S+V+O+OC)D. He seems ill.(S+V+P)【答案】 D【解析】【分析】句意:哪个结构是正确的? A is 是系动词,故是主系表结构形式,S+V 表示主谓, B fell 是不及物动词,故是主谓形式,S+V+O 表示主谓宾, C the match是宾语,故是主谓宾形式,S+V+O+O表示主谓双宾,Dseem是系动词,故是主系表形式, S+V+P 表示主系表,故选D。
【点评】考查句子结构,注意seem是系动词的用法。
2.Choose the correct structure(结构) of this sentence "He lent me a book."A. S+V+OB. S+V+IO+DOC. S+V+PD. S+V+DO+OC【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意“He l ent me a book”。
he为主语S;lent为谓语V;me为间接宾语IO; a book为直宾DO。
故结构为S+V+IO+DO。
故选B。
【点评】此题考查简单句的结构。
3.What is the sentence pattern(句型)of the sentence"Linda bought a book yesterday."?A. S+VB. S+V+OC. S+V +IO +DOD. S+V+O+OC 【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意:"Linda bought a book yesterday."属于哪种句型。
A是主谓结构;B 是主谓宾结构;C是主谓+间接宾语+直接宾语;D是主谓+宾语+宾补。
英语句子成分和英语句子基本结构讲解及练习
英语句子成分和英语句子基本结构讲解及练习一、句子的基本结构(5种)1、主语+谓语(s+v)2、主语+系动词+表语(s+l+p)3、主语+谓语+宾语(s+v+o)4、主语+谓语+间接宾语(指人)+直接宾语(指物)(s+v+io+do)5、主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语(s+v+o+c)二、句子成分:(主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、宾补、同位语、插足语)1。
主语(subject):句子说明的人或事物。
The sun rises in the east ()He likes dancing。
( )Twenty years is a short time in history。
()Seeing is believing. ()To see is to believe.()What he needs is a book。
()It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree。
()(一)指出下列句中主语的中心词① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.② There is an old man coming here。
③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year。
④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult。
2。
谓语(predicate):是对主语加以陈述,表示主语的行为或状态,常用动词或者动词词组担任,放在主语的后面。
We study English。
He is asleep。
(二). 选出句中谓语的中心词① I don’t like the picture on the wall. A. don’t B。
英语句子成分和构架讲解分析划分与练习及答案
指出下列斜体单词是实义动词还是助动词。
i.Does()helike()swimming?
ii.Hedoes()like()swimming.
iii.Wheredoes()helive()?
句子结构及成分
1相关概念
1.词性的英文缩写
在英语学习中,掌握单词词性非常重要。如果我们在记单词的时只记拼写、读音而不记词性的话,我们就不知道如何使用它们,所以我们在记单词时一定要把单词词性记准记牢。
缩写字母原词代表词性
n.noun名词
v.verb动词
vt.transitiveverb及物动词
vi.intransitiveverb不及物动词
10.Isawhimwalkedintothebuilding.
我看到他跑进那座建筑物。
5.主动关系和被动关系
先看下面两个题:
1.______wonderful,thiskindoffoodenjoyedagoodsale.
2.A.TastedB.Beingtasted
3.C.TastingD.Havingtasted
Heaskedmetolendhimsomemoney.他让我借给他一些钱。
“me”是宾语,“metolendhimsomemoney”意为“我借给他一些钱”。从意思上看,这像一句话,“我”是主语,“借给他一些钱”是谓语部分,但在英语原句中,它们却不是真正的主谓关系。因此可以说“逻辑上的主谓关系”,是指,从意思上看像主谓关系,而实际上不是。“tolendhimsomemoney”是宾语补足语。
英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习
英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习❖主语+不及物动词She came..❖主语+及物动词+宾语She likes English.❖主语+系动词+主语补语She is happy.❖主语+动词+间接宾语+直接宾语She gave John a book.She bought a book for me.❖主语+动词+宾语+宾语补语She makes her mother angry.The teacher asked me to read the passage.❖主谓宾❖名/代--动词--名/代we-- saw --you.we-- did --the work.❖主系表❖名/代-系动词-形容次/名词/代词you are beautifulyou seems worried.you are a stufent.❖相同点都三部分,主语也一样.不同动词和系动词,时态一样,否定式不同.动词加助动词,系动词不用.表语可以是形容词,宾语不行.只有宾语有补足语❖2、句子成分:英语句子成分分为七种:❖主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。
❖1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。
通常用名词或代词担任。
如:I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐)❖2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。
主要由动词担任。
如:Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间)❖3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。
通常由名词、代词或形容词担任。
如:My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍)❖4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。
通常由名词或代词担任。
如:He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词)❖有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。
指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。
(英语)英语句子结构与成分练习题含答案及解析
(英语)英语句子结构与成分练习题含答案及解析一、句子结构与成分1.'My father bought me a new watch yesterday.' It is a structure of_________.A. S+V+PB. S+V+IO+DOC. S+V+DO+COD. S+V+DO【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意:昨天我爸给我买了一块新手表。
它是S+V+IO+DO结构。
My father (主语S)+bought(谓语V)+me(间接宾语ID)+a new watch(直接宾语DO),故选B。
【点评】考查句结构和成分。
注意识记S+V+IO+DO结构的用法。
2.What is the sentence pattern(句型)of the sentence"Linda bought a book yesterday."?A. S+V B. S+V+O C. S+V +IO +DO D. S+V+O+OC【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意:"Linda bought a book yesterday."属于哪种句型。
A是主谓结构;B 是主谓宾结构;C是主谓+间接宾语+直接宾语;D是主谓+宾语+宾补。
Linda是主语(S);bought是谓语动词(V),a book是宾语(O);故答案为C。
【点评】考查简单句的基本结构。
3.The boy_______ black hair_______ a blue coat.A. has; hasB. with; inC. has; wearsD. with; wears【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意:留着黑头发的男孩穿着一件蓝色大衣。
一个句子中不能出现两个谓语动词故选项A和C错误,B选项两个介词,放在句中缺少谓语动词,with具有,with black hair留着黑头发,介词短语修饰主语the boy, wear穿着,谓语动词,根据主语the boy,wear用第三人称单数结构,故选D。
英语句子成分和英语句子基本结构讲解及练习
英语句子成分和英语句子基本结构讲解及练习一、句子的基本结构(5种)1、主语+谓语(s+v)2、主语+系动词+表语(s+l+p)3、主语+谓语+宾语(s+v+o)4、主语+谓语+间接宾语(指人)+直接宾语(指物)(s+v+io+do)5、主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语(s+v+o+c)二、句子成分:(主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、宾补、同位语、插足语)1. 主语(subject):句子说明的人或事物。
The sun rises in the east ()He likes dancing. ()Twenty years is a short time in history. ( ) Seeing is believing. ()To see is to believe.()What he needs is a book.()It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.()(一)指出下列句中主语的中心词① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.② There is an old man coming here.③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficu lt.2. 谓语(predicate):是对主语加以陈述,表示主语的行为或状态,常用动词或者动词词组担任,放在主语的后面。
We study English. He is asleep. (二). 选出句中谓语的中心词① I don't like the picture on the wall. A. don't B. like C. picture D. wall② The days get longer and longer when summer comes. A. get C. days D. summer③ Do you usually go to school by bus A. Do B. usually C. go D. bus④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.A. will beB. meetingC. the libraryD. afternoon⑤ Did the twins h ave porridge for their breakfast A. Did B. twins C. have D. breakfast3. 表语(predicative):系动词之后的成分,表示主语的性质、状态和特征。
英语句子成分及结构讲解分析划分和练习和答案解析
Helistensto the music every day.(listen为不及物动词,而汉语中“听”是及物动词。)
指出下列句中斜体动词是及物动词还是不及物动词,及物动词填vt.,不及物填vi.。
考点1.Most birds canfly.( )
考点2.The children areflyingkiteainting all day. (have been用来帮助构成现在完成进行时,和painting一起作谓语,都是助动词。)
帮助构成否定句和疑问句的:
Doeshe like English (does帮助构成一般疑问句,没有具体意义,是助动词。)
Hedoesn’t have lunch at home. (does只是帮助构成否定句,没有具体意义,是助动词。)
实义动词
指的是那些意义完全且能够独立作谓语的动词。如:
Helivesquite near. (live“住”,有明确的意义,单独作谓语,为实义动词。)
Ilikereading. (like “喜欢”,意思明确,单独作谓语,为实义动词。)
Iboughta pen yesterday. (bought “买”,意义明确,单独作谓语,为实义动词。)
帮助构成倒装句的
Sodidhe love his mother that he bought her many presents on her birthday.
(他如此爱他的母亲以至于他母亲生日那一天,他给她买了许多礼物。did只是帮助构成倒装句,没有具体意义,是助动词。)
帮助构成强调意义的
Hedidcome yesterday. (他昨天确实来过。did起强调作用,没有具体意义,是助动词。)
(英语)英语句子结构与成分解题技巧及练习题(含答案)及解析
(英语)英语句子结构与成分解题技巧及练习题(含答案)及解析一、句子结构与成分1.What is your new speech on, Mr. Smith?(选出宾语)A. WhatB. your new speechC. onD. Mr. Smith【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意:你的演讲是关于什么,史密斯先生?on 介词后面跟宾语,特殊疑问词what在句中作on的宾语,故选A。
【点评】此题考查句子成分。
根据句子结构确定划线部分在句中的成分,选出正确答案。
2.—What an interesting story she told us!—Yes, and her voice sounded ________.A. sweetB. smallC. clearlyD. sadly【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意:——他给我们讲的是多么有趣的故事啊!——是的,她的声音听起来很甜美。
sweet甜的;small小的;clearly清楚地;sadly伤心地。
sound是系动词,后跟形容词,故选A。
【点评】考查系表结构。
3.John calls his dog Eddie. The structure of the sentence is _______.A. S+V+OB. S+V+PC. S+V+IO+DOD. S+V+DO+OC【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意:约翰叫他的狗Eddie.这个句子的结构是_____________.根据句子可知这个句子的结构是:主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语。
故答案为D。
【点评】考查句子成分。
牢记句子成分。
4.Choose the correct structure(结构) of this sentence "He lent me a book."A. S+V+OB. S+V+IO+DOC. S+V+PD. S+V+DO+OC【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意“He lent me a book”。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
文档来源为:从网络收集整理.word 版本可编辑.欢迎下载支持.1英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习1 主语(subject ): 句子说明的人或事物。
The sun rises in the east. (名词) He likes dancing. (代词) Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词) Seeing is believing. (动名词) To see is to believe. (不定式) What he needs is a book. (主语从句) It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. (It 形式主语,主语从句是真正主语) 谓语(predicate ): 说明主语的动作、状态和特征。
We study English. He is asleep. 表语(predicative ): 系动词之后的成分,表示主语的性质、状态和特征。
He is a teacher. (名词) Seventy-four! You don ’t look it. (代词) Five and five is ten. (数词) He is asleep. (形容词) His father is in. (副词) The picture is on the wall. ( 介词短语) My watch is gone / missing / lost. (形容词化的分词) To wear a flower is to say “I ’m poor, I can ’t buy a ring. (不定式) The question is whether they will come. (表语从句) (常见的系动词有: be, sound (听起来), look (看起来), feel(摸起来,smell (闻起来), taste (尝、吃起来), remain (保持,仍是), feel (感觉) ... It sounds a good idea. The sound sounds strange. Her voice sounds sweet. Tom looks thin. The food smells delicious. The food tastes good. The door remains open. Now I feel tired. 宾语: 1)动作的承受者-----动宾 I like China. (名词) He hates you. (代词) How many do you need? We need two. (数词) We should help the old and the poor. I enjoy working with you. (动名词) I hope to see you again. (不定式) Did you write down what he said? (宾语从句) 2)介词后的名词、代词和动名词-----介宾 Are you afraid of the snake? Under the snow, there are many rocks. 3) 双宾语-----间宾(指人)和直宾(指物) He gave me a book yesterday. Give the poor man some money. 宾补:对宾语的补充,全称为宾语补足语。
We elected him monitor. (名词) We all think it a pity that she didn ’t come here. (名) We will make them happy. (形容词) We found nobody in. ( 副词 ) Please make yourself at home. (介词短语) Don ’t let him do that. (省to 不定式) His father advised him to teach the lazy boy a lesson. (带to 不定式) Don ’t keep the lights burning. (现在分词) I ’ll have my bike repaired. (过去分词) 主补:对主语的补充。
He was elected monitor. She was found singing in the next room. He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson. 定语:修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或句子。
Ai Yanling is a chemistry teacher.(名词) He is our friend. (代词) We belong to the third world. (数词) He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson.(形容词) The man over there is my old friend.(副词) The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister. (介词) The boys playing football are in Class 2. (现在分词) The trees planted last year are growing well now.过分 I have an idea to do it well.(不定式) You should do everything that I do.(定语从句) 状语:用来修饰v., adj., adv., or 句子。
表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、条件、方式和让步。
文档来源为:从网络收集整理.word 版本可编辑.欢迎下载支持.2(以下例句按上述顺序排列)I will go there tomorrow. The meeting will be held in the meetingroom. The meat went bad because of the hot weather. He studies hard to learn English well.He didn’t study hard so that he failed in the exam. I like some of you very much.If you study hard, you will pass the exam. He goes to school by bike.Though he is young, he can do it well.句子结构简单句的五个基本句型主语 + 不及物动词 She came ./ My head aches. 主语 + 及物动词 +宾语 She likes English.主语 + 系动词 +主语补语 She is happy .主语 + 双宾动词 +间接宾语 +直接宾语 She gave John a book . She bought a book for me.主语 + 宾补动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补语She makes her mother angry . The teacher asked me to read the passage.( There +be There lies a book on the desk. )Exercises分析下列句子成分 1. Our school is not far from my home. 2. It is a great pleasure to talk with you 3. All of us considered him honest. 4. My grandfather bought me a pair of sports shoes. 5. He broke a piece of glass. 6. He made it clear that he would leave the city. 7. ---I love you more than her ,child. 8. Tees turn green when spring comes. 9. They pushed the door open. 10. Grandma told me an interesting story last night. 11. He wrote carefully some letters to his friends. 12. All the students think highly of his teaching 13. We need a place twice larger than this one. 14. He asked us to sing an English song. 15. Don't get nervous ,help yourself to what you like . 16. We will make our school more beautiful. 17. He didn't come .That is why he didn't know . 18. She showed us her many of her pictures. 19. The old man lives a lonely life. 20. Luckily the 1989 earthquake did not happen in the center of town. 21. The cars made in Japan are better than those in Germany . 22. There are so many people in the hall that it's hard for me to find him . 23. No matter how difficult the task may be, we must fulfil it this month. 24. Go back where you came from. 25. We must do whatever the people want us to do. 26. At last he got home, tired and hungry. 27. Would you please pass me the cup? 28. Mary handed her homework to the teacher. 29. Do you know the latest news about him? 30. I’ll get my hair cut tomorrow. 翻 译 练 习: 主谓结构 ( 主语 + 不及物动词 ) 1你应当努力学习。