英语句子结构分析报告讲解
专题二 高中英语语法句子结构成分分析报告主语谓语宾语定语状语补语
高中英语语法1. 句子结构成分分析主语谓语宾语定语状语补语定语英语的句子成分主要有六种:即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。
(可以熟记为:主谓宾,定状补)除了这六种主要成分之外,还有“表语”和“同位语”的说法。
但表语和系动词一起作谓语,因此划分成分时,划分在谓语上。
同位语分为主语同位语和宾语同位语,属于主语或宾语的一部分。
考点1.划分句子成分时的常用符号英语中划分句子成分的符号主语在下面画直线谓语在下面画曲线宾语在下面画双横线定语在下面画虚线(一行点使我们想到一排钉子,“钉”谐音为“定语”的“定”)状语下面为短横线(短横线使我们想到短木桩,木桩撞(状)钟)补语上一短横,下一短横(下一短横好像是为了弥补上面短横间的空隙)同位语上下双曲线(都有曲折,上下位置基本相同)考点1.主语主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首,通常由名词性的词来充当。
可以作主语的词性或语法结构:1. 名词2. 代词3. 数词4. 不定式5. 动名词6. 主语从句等表示。
7. 名词化的形容词(如the rich)在英语中,形容词、副词和介词短语是不能作主语的。
如果它们在句首时,句子可能是倒装句,真正的主语在后面。
On the desk are some books. (主语是books,所以用are)Down jumps the boy. (主语是the boy,所以用jumps )Gone are the days. (主语是the days,所以用are)练习1.在下面句子的主语下面画横线,并说出由什么充当。
1.During the 1990s, American countrymusic has become more and more popular.2.We often speak English in class.3.One-third of the students in thisclass are girls.4.To swim in the river is a greatpleasure.5.Smoking does harm to the health.6.The rich should help the poor.7.When we are going to have English testhas not been decided.8.It is necessary to master a foreignlanguage.9.That he isn’t at home is not true.10.There comes the bus.11.Beyond the village lies a smallvillage.12.Now comes your turn.考点2.谓语谓语由动词充当,说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。
英语分析报告
英语分析报告一、引言英语是世界上使用人数最多的第一语言,也是全球通用的商务和交流语言。
因此,对英语的分析和理解对于学习和应用英语具有重要意义。
本文将通过逐步思考的方式,深入分析英语的特点和应用。
二、语音分析英语的语音系统由元音和辅音组成。
元音是声音通过口腔自由流动而产生的音。
英语中有20个元音音素,分为长元音和短元音。
辅音是声音在发音过程中有一定限制的音。
英语中有24个辅音音素,包括浊辅音和清辅音。
三、语法分析英语的语法结构相对简单,主要由主语、谓语和宾语组成。
句子的基本结构为主语+谓语+宾语,但也可以根据需要进行扩展和变换。
英语的时态体系较为复杂,包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时等。
此外,英语还有被动语态、虚拟语气等语法现象。
四、词汇分析英语词汇丰富多样,包括名词、动词、形容词、副词等。
英语单词的构成方式有前缀、后缀和词根等。
通过词汇的分析,可以帮助我们理解单词的含义和用法。
此外,英语中还有许多习语和成语,需要进行专门的学习和掌握。
五、语义分析语义是研究词语和句子意义的学科。
在英语中,同一个词可能有不同的意思,具体的意义需要根据上下文进行理解。
此外,英语中还有许多意义相近的词汇,需要进行区分。
语义分析可以帮助我们准确理解和运用英语。
六、应用分析英语的应用涵盖广泛,包括口语交流、写作、阅读、听力等方面。
通过深入分析英语的语音、语法、词汇和语义,我们可以提高自己的语言能力,更好地应用英语。
此外,英语在国际交流、跨文化交流、旅游等方面也具有重要的应用价值。
七、总结通过逐步思考的方式,我们对英语进行了全面的分析。
英语的语音、语法、词汇和语义是学习和应用英语的基础。
通过深入理解英语的特点和应用,我们可以提高自己的英语水平,更好地应对各种语言交流的场景。
希望本文对英语学习者有所帮助。
英语语法——英语句子成分分析报告2_(1)3
英语句子成分只是英语语法中的一小部分,而且平时的考试也不会考,试卷上不会考你什么是宾语,什么是状语,这个单词是作什么成分,但是它是学英语的基础或者说是你学习其他语法的工具(比如学定语从句、非谓语动词等等)。
学会它最直接的作用是对阅读和写英语句子有帮助,有很多人单词都知道,但是,读句子的时候,就是不知道哪些单词和哪些单词是组合在一起的;写句子的时候,就是不知道该把把哪个单词放在前,哪个单词放在后。
句子成分就是帮你来分析单词和单词的关系,让你能比较容易地看懂句子和写出符合英语表达的英语句子。
学会英语句子成分至少在以下几方面对你有所帮助:其一, 能听懂老师的讲课.在初二以上的年级,英语老师不可避免的要讲到主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语,而这时就有一部分同学(英语语法比较差的)听不懂课,老师一提到这个什么什么是来作状语的,他们就狂晕,啥是状语呀,而且年级越高,老师提到这些的频率越是高,上课听不懂的越是多,于是乎,英语慢慢的就落下来了,慢慢的就不感兴趣了,就不学了,上英语课就是睡觉看闲书,这是很普遍的现象.其二,能帮你看懂英语教材及相关英语学习资料.课本教材上(特别是高年级)都会讲到语法,也会经常提到主谓宾定状补,可有部分同学看不懂呀.更不用说大家都买的资料中,无论是要点讲解或是习题详析,都会提到什么什么在这里是作定语的,什么什么不能做主语,这些不是说很多同学都懂的;有时,老师会说,资料上不是讲的有,你自己看嘛,可往往是基础差的同学根本看不懂,主要就是句子成分知识的缺乏. 其三,对于自学英语会有很大的帮助,无论你是学的什么教材(比如新概念教材等等),当你的自学内容一步步加深的时候,教材中会出现主语谓语宾语等这些术语的,可能理解起来就会有一定的困难。
如果这部分东西懂的话,你会学的很顺利,就会逐渐学会从理性上来掌握英语,无论是听说还是阅读写作,都会得心应手(特别是成年人学英语有个特点,就是在学英语过程中理性思维占主导作用,基本语法的掌握会加快学习英语的进程.关于自学,我想说的是:英语百分之百可以自学的,但是必须有个前提,你有一定的英语基础,比如会通过国际音标拼读单词的能力,基本的运用词法和句法能力,否则你很难有大的进展,可能你每天也投入了大量时间去学但就是没有什么大的提高,总感觉什么也没有学似的,这说明你还在英语的大门外面徘徊,还没有迈入英语之门呢。
五种简单基本句型和成分分析
简单句只有一个限定动词(即只有一个主谓结构),它 是最小的句子单位。主要起下列四种作用中的一种。 • 作一种陈述(陈述句) • 提出一个问题(疑问句) • 发出一种命令或请求(祈使句) • 表示一种感叹(感叹句)
Examples: The boy hit the dog. / The dog didn’t bite the boy. Does the shop close at 7 tonight?/What did you say? Are you from America or Canada? Looking good is very important to woman, isn’t it? Shut the door.\Don’t be late. What a slow train this is!\How beautiful the kite is !
状 语
John often came to chat with me.
John likes oranges very much.
Hearing the news, news he jumped with joy. She is sitting at the desk desk, doing her homework homework. My father worked in this school ten years ago. ago You’d better stay here.
• (二) 选出句中谓语的中心词。 • ① I don't like the picture on the wall. • A. don't B. like C. picture D. wall • ② The days get longer and longer when summer comes. • A. get B. longer C. days D. summer • ③ Do you usually go to school by bus? • A. Do B. usually C.go D. bus • ④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon. • A. will be B. meeting C. the library
专题二 高中英语语法句子结构成分分析报告主语谓语宾语定语状语补语
高中英语语法1. 句子结构成分分析主语谓语宾语定语状语补语定语英语的句子成分主要有六种:即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。
(可以熟记为:主谓宾,定状补)除了这六种主要成分之外,还有“表语”和“同位语”的说法。
但表语和系动词一起作谓语,因此划分成分时,划分在谓语上。
同位语分为主语同位语和宾语同位语,属于主语或宾语的一部分。
考点1.划分句子成分时的常用符号英语中划分句子成分的符号主语在下面画直线谓语在下面画曲线宾语在下面画双横线定语在下面画虚线(一行点使我们想到一排钉子,“钉”谐音为“定语”的“定”)状语下面为短横线(短横线使我们想到短木桩,木桩撞(状)钟)补语上一短横,下一短横(下一短横好像是为了弥补上面短横间的空隙)同位语上下双曲线(都有曲折,上下位置基本相同)考点1.主语主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首,通常由名词性的词来充当。
可以作主语的词性或语法结构:1. 名词2. 代词3. 数词4. 不定式5. 动名词6. 主语从句等表示。
7. 名词化的形容词(如the rich)在英语中,形容词、副词和介词短语是不能作主语的。
如果它们在句首时,句子可能是倒装句,真正的主语在后面。
On the desk are some books. (主语是books,所以用are)Down jumps the boy. (主语是the boy,所以用jumps )Gone are the days. (主语是the days,所以用are)练习1.在下面句子的主语下面画横线,并说出由什么充当。
1.During the 1990s, American country musichas become more and more popular.2.We often speak English in class.3.One-third of the students in this class aregirls.4.To swim in the river is a great pleasure.5.Smoking does harm to the health.6.The rich should help the poor.7.When we are going to have English test hasnot been decided.8.It is necessary to master a foreign language.9.That he isn’t at home is not true.10.There comes the bus.11.Beyond the village lies a small village.12.Now comes your turn.考点2.谓语谓语由动词充当,说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。
英语学习学习语法——英语学习学习句子成分分析报告
英语语法——英语句子成分分析句子是按照一定的语法规律组成的,表达一个完整的意义。
一个句子一般由两部分构成,即主语部分和谓语部分,这两部分也叫做句子的主要成分。
句子的次要成分包括宾语,定语,状语,表语等。
句子成分是句子中起一定功用的组成部分。
1)主语:是一句的主体,是全句述说的对象,常用名词,数词或代词担任,一般放于句首。
如:Students study. (学生学习。
)We are friends.(我们是朋友)这两句话中单词students是个名词,we是代词,它们在句中做主语。
2)谓语:是对主语加以陈述,表示主语的行为或状态,常用动词或者动词词组担任,放在主语的后面。
如:Students study. (学生学习。
)We are friends. (我们是朋友)这两句话中单词study和are都是动词,study叫做实意动词,are叫做be 动词,它们在句中作谓语。
3)宾语:表示行为的对象,常由名词或者代词担任。
放在及物动词或者介词之后。
如:They are teachers. ( 他们是老师。
)I play with him. (我和他一起玩。
)这两句话中单词teachers是名词,单词him是带词,它们在句中作宾语。
4)定语:是用来说明或者限制名词的成分,常用形容词或者相当于形容词的短语或从句担任。
形容词放在名词之前,相当于形容词的短语或从句放在名词的后面。
如:This is a red sun.(这是个红太阳.)He is a tall boy.(他是个高个子男孩。
)这两句话中单词red和tall都是形容词,它们作定语。
5)状语是用来说明动词,形容词,副词或整个句子的成分。
常由副词担任。
修饰动词时可以放在动词之前,也可以放在动词之后;修饰形容词或副词时放在它们之前。
如:The students study hard. (这些学生学习努力。
)I often write to him. (我常给他写信。
英语句子结构分析报告陈述句(五种句型)
第一讲英语句子结构分析句子的划分I. 根据结构划分:①简单句S+V〔主+谓〕S+V+P(主+谓+表)S+V+O〔主+谓+宾〕S+V+o+O〔主+谓+间宾+直宾〕S+V+O+C〔主+谓+宾+宾补〕②并列句and, but, or③复合句:名词从句〔宾,主,表,同〕副词从句〔状语从句〕形容词从句〔定语从句〕II. 根据功能划分:述句疑问句〔一般疑问句,特殊疑问句,选择疑问句,反义疑问句,修辞疑问句〕祈使句感叹句III. 根据句子成分:单个词汇短语从句一.述句〔五种句型〕I am a webaholic.我是一个网虫。
Chatting on the internet is interesting. 我喜欢网上聊天。
Internet dating hurts.网恋有害。
I like chatting online.我喜欢网上聊天。
Chatting on the internet brings me a lot of fun.网上聊天给我带来很多乐趣。
We can call internet addicts a webaholic.我们管网上一隐君子叫网虫。
I. 常用作连系动词:①变成,变得:bee, e, fall, get, go, grow, run, turn口诀:好是e,坏是go;天气、外貌慢慢grow; 流水、金钱缓缓run;颜色、天气大不同turn;Get\ bee口语化,如果要说就用它.口诀解读:e 一般表示事物由坏变好,结果是好的。
如:Dreams e true. 梦想成真。
Go 一般表示事物由好变坏,结果是不好的。
如:It's such a hot day today that this dish has gone smelly.今天太热了,菜都馊了。
Grow 表示逐渐变化,强调的是缓慢变化的过程,后面往往接表示天气或外貌变化的静态形容词。
如:I want to grow old with you. 我想和你一起慢慢变老。
英语语法1——句子成分分析报告
英语语法1——句子成分分析句子是按照一定的语法规律组成的,表达一个完整的意义。
一个句子一般由两局部构成,即主语局部和谓语局部,这两局部也叫做句子的主要成分。
句子的次要成分包括宾语,定语,状语,表语等。
句子成分是句子中起一定功用的组成局部。
一、句子的八大组成成分主语(subject)谓语(predicate)宾语(object) 定语(attribute)状语(adverbial)补语(plement) 表语(predicative)同位语(Appositive)1〕主语:是一个句子的主体,是全句述说的对象,可以做主语的有名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、从句等。
主语一般在句首。
如:The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。
〔名词做主语〕He likes dancing. 他喜欢跳舞。
〔代词做主语〕Two and six is eight. 2加6等于8.〔名词词组做主语〕Seeing is believing.眼见为实。
〔动名词做主语〕To see is to believe. 眼见为实。
〔不定式〕What he needs is a book.他所需要的是本书〔主语从句做主语〕词组组成。
〕4〕宾语:动作、行为的对象,是动作的承受者,可由名词、代词、短语、不定式、动名词、从句等充当,常放在与物动词或者介词之后,称为动词宾语或介词宾语。
例如:I like China. 我喜欢中国。
〔名词做宾语〕You can help me. 你能帮助我。
〔代词〕How many do you need? 你们需要多少?We need two. 我们需要两个。
〔数词〕I like playing soccer. 我喜欢踢足球。
〔动名词词组〕I want to have an apple. 我想要吃个苹果。
〔不定式〕Did you write down what he said?你写下他所说的话了吗?〔宾语从句〕★双宾语-----间接宾语〔通常指人〕和直接宾语〔通常指物〕He bought this book for me.注意:如果直接宾语是人称代词,如此间接宾语必须后置,并在其前加上介词to或for.Here’s your pen. Don’t forget to bring it to Yang Kang. ★复合宾语:有些句子只有宾语并不能表达完整的意思,还必须在宾语后面加上宾语才能表达完整的意思。
英语句子结构成分及分析举例
英语句子结构成分及分析举例
1. The cat is sitting on the mat.
句子结构:主语+谓语+宾语+状语
句子成分分析:
- 主语:The cat
- 谓语:is sitting
- 宾语:on the mat
-状语:无
2. John and Mary went to the park yesterday.
句子结构:主语+谓语+宾语+状语
句子成分分析:
- 主语:John and Mary
- 谓语:went
- 宾语:to the park
- 状语:yesterday
3. I bought a new car last week.
句子结构:主语+谓语+宾语+状语
句子成分分析:
-主语:I
- 谓语:bought
- 宾语:a new car
- 状语:last week
4. She is reading a book in the library.
句子结构:主语+谓语+宾语+状语
句子成分分析:
- 主语:She
- 谓语:is reading
- 宾语:a book
- 状语:in the library
5. The sun sets in the west.
句子结构:主语+谓语+状语
句子成分分析:
- 主语:The sun
- 谓语:sets。
英语句型结构和句式分析报告
英语句子分为三类,5句型,7成分。
3类:简单句,复合句,并列句5句型,主谓,主谓表,主谓宾,主谓双宾,主谓宾补7成分:主语,谓语,表语,宾语,补语,定语,状语英语语法看上去很复杂,很多句型要记,但其实只要深入研究,就会发现其实也不过是围绕这五个基本句子来展开,分别是:S十V主谓结构、S十V十p主系表结构、S十V 十O主谓宾结构、S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构、S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构,想要学好英语基本语法的,不妨看一下,了解一下,有助于你的学习。
英语语法看上去很复杂,很多句型要记,但其实只要深入研究,就会发现其实也不过是围绕这五个基本句子来展开,分别是:S十V主谓结构S十V十p主系表结构S十V十O主谓宾结构S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构说明:S=主语;V=谓语;P=表语;O=宾语;O1=间接宾语;O2=直接宾语;C=宾语补足语五个基本句式详细解释如下:1.S十V句式在此句式中,V是不及物动词,又叫自动词(vi.)。
例如:He runs quickly.他跑得快。
They listened carefully.他们听得很仔细。
He suffered from cold and hunger.他挨冻受饿。
China belongs to the third world country.中国属于第三世界国家。
The gas has given out.煤气用完了。
My ink has run out.我的钢笔水用完了。
2.S十V十P句式在此句式中,V是系动词(link v.),常见的系动词有:look,seem,appear,sound,feel,taste,smell,grow,get,fall ill/asleep,stand/sit still,become,turn等。
例如:He is older than he looks.他比看上去要老。
He seen interested in the book.他似乎对这本书感兴趣。
英语句子结构分析报告讲解
定义:构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。
句子成分有主要成分和次要成分;主要成分:主语和谓语次要成分:表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、同位语I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday .主语谓语定语宾语同位语状语㈠主语(subject)句子说明的人或事物Jane is good at playing the piano.(名词)She went out in a hurry.(代词)Four plus four is eight.(数词)To see is to believe.(不定式)Smoking is bad for health.(动名词)The young should respect the old.(名词化的形容词)What he has said is true. (句子)找出下列句中的主语:1、The sun rises in the east.2、Twenty years is a short time in history.3、The poor are now living in the shelter.4、Seeing is believing.5、To see is to believe.6、He likes dancing.7、What he needs is a book.8、It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall likea tree. ㈡谓语说明主语的动作、状态和特征简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成I saw the flag on the top of the hill?He looked after two orphans.复合谓语:由情态动词或助动词+动词;He can speak English well.She doesn’t seem to like dancing.找出下列句中的谓语(注:只有动词才可作谓语。
英语语法、句式、简单句子结构(透彻分析报告)
LESSON ONE句子的三种模式导言本课的重点是掌握英语的三种基本句型,注意词性和词序,以及定语的位置,同时注意中英文表达上的相同和不相同的地方。
三种基本句型虽然简单,但至关重要。
掌握好它们,在今后的学习中有一通百通之效。
▲主+系动词+表注:*注意该结构中的名词,它们能被定语修饰。
1 这个人是一个老师。
The man is a teacher.主语系表语主语系表语(名词)2 他(是)很忙。
He is busy.主语系表语主语系表语(形容词)▲注意中文中的系动词经常被省略,而英文中绝不能省。
3 她(是)在教室里。
She is in the classroom.主语系表语主语系表语(介词短语)▲定语只修饰名词,不破坏句子的基本结构。
通常由形容词和介词短语充当,形容词放在所修饰的名词之前,而介词短语放在所修饰的名词之后,请注意英语与汉语词序的不同。
看懂中文的定语是翻译好定语的关键。
介词短语---英国法学家波洛克介词短语Happiness is a station-----------Pollock, British jurist 形容词介词短语5形容词介词短语man is a teacher介词短语形容词6.教室里。
形容词介词短语The teacher is handsome.My book is表语(介词短语)定语(介词短语)She is介词短语即可以做表语也可以做定语,虽然它们词性相同,但由于词序不同,它们所起到的作用也不同,当在is的后面是表语,跟在名词的后面它就起到定语的作用。
课堂练习 11是2不是我的。
3.我的家乡hometown 峡谷valley里。
4那个贼面behind。
1. 是is2钱不是我的。
is not mine3.我的家乡峡谷里。
My hometown is4is1.医院里的那个傻子fool 是从英国来的。
2.教室里靠窗户的桌子上的那台电脑computer 是新的。
3.你们班里的那个漂亮的女孩子是个贼knife。
英语句子成分与结构
02 主语
主语(subject):主语是一个句子所叙述的主体或动作的执行者,一般位于句首。 但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不是疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。 主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
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4 To swim in the river is a great pleasure.(不定式)
宾语(object)表示动作的对象或承爱者,一般位于及物动词和介词后面。 宾语可由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词、宾语从句等来担任。例如: They went to see an exhibition yesterday.(名词) The heavy rain prevented me form coming to school on time.(代词) ow many dictionaries do you have? I have five.(数词)
06 宾语补足语
英语中有些及物动词,除有一个直接宾语以外,还要有一个宾语补语,才能使句子的意义完整。带有宾语补足语(complement of object)的一般句型为:某些及物动词(如make等+宾语+宾补)。 宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。
His father named him Dongming.(名词) They painted their boat white.(形容词) Let the fresh air in.(副词) You mustn’t force him to lend his money to you.(不定式短语) We saw her entering the room.(现在分词) We found everything in the lab in good order.(介词短语) We will soon make our city what your city is now.(从句)
英语句子成分分析报告及结构
8种基本句子成分:1.主语:表句子说的是“什么人”或“什么事”。
通常在句子前面,充当主语的有名词、代词、不定式、动名词、从句、句子等。
e.g. The trees grow very fast.2.谓语:说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。
通常在主语后(出疑问和倒装外)。
一般由动词来充当。
e.g. The plane takes off at 8, but this morning it may be delayed by the thick fog.3.宾语:表动作行为的对象,在及物动词或介词后。
充当宾语的有名词、代词、数词、副词、不定式、动名词、从句、句子等。
e.g. He takes a bath every morning.4.表语:与系动词连用,一起构成谓语部分,说明主语的性质和特征。
长在系动词之后。
充当表语的有名词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语从句等。
e.g. He turned doctor after school, as his parents had expected.Oh, it’s you.5.定语:用来修饰名词或代词。
单个词长放在被修饰词前面,短语或句子在被修饰词之后。
充当定语的有数词、名词、形容词、副词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、从句等。
e.g. More than twenty workers were fired.This is a stone table and hard enough to hold the load of goods.6.状语:修饰动词、形容词、副词,表动作发生的时间、地点、目的、方式等。
位置比较灵活。
充当状语的有副词、介词短语、不定式、分词、形容词、形容词词组和名词词组、从句等。
e.g. Tom speaks english very fast and i almost can’t understand him. Don’t step on ht grass, for it is growing.7.补足语:名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、不定式等皆可做补足语。
英语语法 句子成分分析
Ih is always helpingthe poor.她总是帮助穷人。
不定式(短语)
He refusedto help her.他拒绝帮助她。
动名词(短语)
Mary enjoyspalying the piano.玛丽喜欢弹钢琴。
从句
Iam not certainif the plane will arrivre on time.
时间状语
I usually go to workat 8:00 in the morning.我通常早上八点去上班。
原因状语
Not having received areply, he wrote a second letter.因为没有收到回信,他又写了一封信。
地点状语
Qingdao liesin the east of China.青岛位于中国东部。
数词
Two will be enough.两个就够了。
Two plus eight is ten.二加八等于十。
动词不定式(短语)
To swim in this river is dangerous.在这条河里游泳很危险。
To improve the soil need a lot of money.改善土壤需要很多钱。
The old should be respected.老年人应受到尊敬。
从句
That he will come to the conference has excited every one of us.他要来参加会议使我们每一个人都十分激动。
Who will go makes no difference.谁去都没关系。
表语
与系动词连用,一起构成复合谓语,说明主语的性质、特征、身份、类别、状态等。
成分分析
高考英语总复习第一专题:句子成分分析海兴中学:杨大印第二讲:简单句二、句子基本概念(1)有主语、有谓语方可称为句子,否则为短语。
(2)主句和从句必须有连接词衔接。
连接句可在两个句子中间,亦可放置于句首。
句子按结构可分为简单句, 并列句, 复合句简单句;英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型(其共有特征是主谓结构(S+V)。
)及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。
掌握这五种基本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。
英语五种基本句型列式如下:一:SV(主+谓)二:SVP(主+谓+表)(主+ 系+ 表)三:SVO(主+谓+宾)四:SVoO(主+谓+间宾+直宾)五:SVOC(主+谓+宾+宾补)1. S(主)+ Vi(不及物动词)(谓)Time flies. She came.My head aches.1) S + Vi + adverbial(状语)Birds sing beautifully.2) S + Vi+ prep Phrase(介词短语)He went on holiday.3) S + Vi+ Infinitive (不定式)We stopped to have a rest.4) S + Vi+ Participle (分词)I'll go swimming.2. S + Vt + O We like English.1) S + VT + N/Pron I like music. I like her.2) S + VT + infinitive(不定式) I want to help him.常用于这句型的动词有:attempt, dare, decide, desire, expect, hope, intend, learn, need, offer, pretend, promise, propose, purpose, refuse, want, wish等。
3) S + VT + Wh-Word + Infinitive I don't know what to do.常用于这句型的动词有:ask, consider, decide, discover, explain, find out, forget, guess, inquire, know, learn, observe, remember, see, settle, tell, think, understand, wonder等。
英语句子词性结构分析报告
单词词类又叫词性,英语单词根据其在句子中的功用,可以分成十个大类。
1 名词noun n. student 学生2 代词pronoun pron. you 你3 形容词adjective adj. happy 高兴的4 副词adverb adv. quickly 迅速地5 动词verb v. cut 砍、割6 数词numeral num. three 三7 冠词article art. a 一个8 介词preposition prep. at 在...9 连词conjunction conj. and 和10 感叹词interjection interj. oh 哦前六类叫实词,后四类叫虚词。
短语短语:分句或者句子中有机地联系在一起的一组词,短语中含有一个中心词,并且以它为核心,在它的前后可以再添加一些修饰或者辅助它的词,短语,甚至分句名词短语:the center of Australia,their seat.动词短语:didn’t know,can do形容词短语:very good.副词短语:even today.right away介词短语:after graduation,at school.由介词加介词的宾语构成,中心词就是介词。
句子按其作用或使用目的,句子可分为:陈述句(包括肯定句和否定句):This is a truck. 这是一辆卡车。
疑问句(包括一般疑问句和特殊疑问句):Is this a truck? 这是卡车吗?祈使句:(有表示要求和请求两种)Drive the truck away. 把卡车开走。
感叹句:(有what 或者how 引导)What a big truck it is! 多么大的卡车! 句式结构分为五大类:1 主+系动词+表语+(表语补足语)常用的连系动词:表语是表明主语身份或状态①变成,变得:become, come, fall, get, go, grow, run, turn②保持某种状态:Continue, keep, lie, remain, stand, stay.③看起来,好像:Appear, look, seem.④感官动词:Feel, smell, sound, taste.He is older than he looks.他比看上去要老。
英语句子成分分析
英语句⼦成分分析第⼀讲英语句⼦结构分析句⼦的划分I. 根据结构划分:①简单句S+V(主+谓)S+V+P(主+谓+表)S+V+O(主+谓+宾)S+V+o+O(主+谓+间宾+直宾)S+V+O+C(主+谓+宾+宾补)②并列句and, but, or③复合句:名词从句(宾,主,表,同)副词从句(状语从句)形容词从句(定语从句)II. 根据功能划分:陈述句疑问句(⼀般疑问句,特殊疑问句,选择疑问句,反义疑问句,修辞疑问句)祈使句感叹句英语句⼦成分分为:主语(subject)谓语(predicate)、宾语(object)、表语(predicative)、宾语补⾜语(complement)、定语(attribute)、状语(adverbial)⼀.陈述句(五种句型)1.I am a webaholic.我是⼀个⽹⾍。
Chatting on the internet is interesting. 我喜欢⽹上聊天。
2.Internet dating hurts.⽹恋有害。
3.I like chatting online.我喜欢⽹上聊天。
4.Chatting on the internet brings me a lot of fun.⽹上聊天给我带来很多乐趣。
5.句⼦成分练习:(⼀). 指出下列句中主语的中⼼词 (4分,4分钟)① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.② There is an old man coming here.③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult. (⼆). 选出句中谓语的中⼼词 (10分,10分钟)① I don't like the picture on the wall.A. don'tB. likeC. pictureD. wall② The days get longer and longer when summer comes.A. getB. longerC.days D. summer③ Do you usually go to school by bus?A. DoB. usuallyC.go D. bus④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.A. will beB. meetingC. thelibrary D. afternoon⑤ Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?A. DidB. twinsC. haveD. breakfast⑥ Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.A. TomB. didn'tC.do D. his homework⑦ What I want to tell you is this.A. wantB. to tellC.you D. is⑧ We had better send for a doctor.A. WeB. hadC.send D. doctor⑨ He is interested in music.A. isB. interestedC.in D. music⑩ Whom did you give my book to?A. giveB. didC. whomD. book(三) 挑出下列句中的宾语(10分,10分钟)① My brother hasn't done his homework.A B C D② People all over the world speak English.A B CD③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.A B C D④How many new words did you learn last class?A B C D⑤Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?A B C D⑥The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.A B C D⑦They made him monitor of the class.A B C D⑧Go across the bridge and you will find the museum on the left.A B C D⑨You will find it useful after you leave school.A B C D⑩They didn't know who "Father Christmas" really is.A B C D(四) 挑出下列句中的表语(5分,5分钟)①The old man was feeling very tired.A B C D②Why is he worried about Jim?A B C D③The leaves have turned yellow.A B C D④Soon They all became interested in the subject.A B C D⑤She was the first to learn about it.A B C D(五) 挑出下列句中的定语(6分,6分钟)①They use Mr. Mrs. with the family name.A B C D②What is your given name?A B C D③ On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3.A B C D④ I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.A B C D⑤ The man downstairs was trying to sleep.A B C D⑥ I am waiting for the sound of the other shoe!A B CD(六) 挑出下列句中的宾语补⾜语 (6分,6分钟)① She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.A BC D② He asked her to take the boy out of school.A B C D③ She found it difficult to do the work.A B C D④They call me Lily sometimes.A B C D⑤I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.A B C D⑥Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?A B C D(七) 挑出下列句中的状语(8分,8分钟)①There was a big smile on her face.A B C D②Every night he heard the noise upstairs.A B C D③He began to learn English when he was eleven.A B C D④The man on the motorbike was travelling to fast.A B C D⑤With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off.A B C D⑥She loves the library because she loves books.A B C D⑦I am afraid that if you've lost it, you must pay for it.A B C D⑧The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine.A B C D(⼋) 划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语(5分,5分钟)①Please tell us a story.②My father bought a new bike for me last week.③Mr. Li is going to teach us history next term.④Here is a pen. Give it to Tom.⑤Did he leave any message for me?练习:1、分析下列句⼦成分,并判断句⼦结构类型。
英语基本句型分析
A Lebanese who had left the country for Syria during the conflict between Israel and Hizbollah, returns with her family following the ceasefire, at the LebanonSyria border in Magdel Anjar August 14, 2006.
基本句型 三
S +V +O(主+谓+宾)
此句型句子的共同特点是:谓 语动词都具有实义,都是主语产生 的动作,但不能表达完整的意思, 必须跟有一个宾语,即动作的承受 者,才能使意思完整。这类动词叫 做及物动词。
S 1. Who 2. She 3. He 8. He 5. They 6. Danny 7. I 4. He
英语句子有长在短,有简有繁,从现象看,似乎千 变万化,难以捉摸,但从实质看,可以发现其内在联系, 找出其共同规律。英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种 基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基 本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。 英语五种基本句型列式如下: 基本句型一: S +V (主+谓) 基本句型二: S +V +P (主+系+表) 基本句型三: S +V +O (主+谓+宾) 基本句型四: S +V +IO +O(主+谓+间宾+直宾) 基本句型五: S +V +O +C(主+谓+宾+宾补)
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定义:构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。
句子成分有主要成分和次要成分;主要成分:主语和谓语次要成分:表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、同位语I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday .主语谓语定语宾语同位语状语㈠主语(subject)句子说明的人或事物Jane is good at playing the piano.(名词)She went out in a hurry.(代词)Four plus four is eight.(数词)To see is to believe.(不定式)Smoking is bad for health.(动名词)The young should respect the old.(名词化的形容词)What he has said is true. (句子)找出下列句中的主语:1、The sun rises in the east.2、Twenty years is a short time in history.3、The poor are now living in the shelter.4、Seeing is believing.5、To see is to believe.6、He likes dancing.7、What he needs is a book.8、It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. ㈡谓语说明主语的动作、状态和特征简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成I saw the flag on the top of the hill?He looked after two orphans.复合谓语:由情态动词或助动词+动词;He can speak English well.She doesn’t seem to like dancing.找出下列句中的谓语(注:只有动词才可作谓语。
):1. We love China.2. We have finished reading this book.3. He can speak English.4. She seems tired. (三)宾语动作的对象或承受者——及物动词或介词的宾语Show your passport, please. (名词)She didn't say anything. (代词)How many do you want? - I want two. (数词)They sent the injured to hospital. (名词化的形容词)They asked to see my passport. (不定式)I enjoy working with you. (动名词)Did you write down what he said? (句子)宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语指物或事,间接宾语指人或动物.He gave me some books.间接直接宾语宾语指出下面句子的间接宾语和直接宾语:please pass me the book.He bought his girlfriend some flowers.找出下列句子的宾语部分:1. We often help him.2. He likes to play basketball.3. We enjoy listening to the music.4. She said that he felt sick.5. They are talking about the new student.(四)连系动词,其后面的成分叫作表语。
The war was over.They seem to know the truth.Time is precious.I’m not quite myself today.That remains a puzzle.I don’t feel at ease.找出下列句中的表语。
1. I am a teacher.2. They are on the playground.3. My job is teaching English.4. It gets cold.5. It sounds interesting.常见的系动词有be 动词,还有get ,become, turn, grow 等表“变得”的词, 和感观动词sound, look, smel,taste,feel等。
(五)定语修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或从句He is a clever boy.(形容词)His father works in a steel work.(名词)There are 54 students in our class.(数词)Do you known betty’s sister?(名词所有格)He bought some sleeping pills.(动名词)There is a sleeping baby in bed.(现在分词)His spoken language is good.(过去分词)定语后置:如果定语是由一个单词表示时,通常要前置。
而由一个词组或一个句子表示时,通常则后置The girl in red is his sister.We have a lot of work to do.The girl standing under the tree is his daughter.Do you know the man who spoke just now?找出下列句子的定语。
1. The black bike is mine.2. She is a chemistry teacher.3. The man in blue is my brother.4. The girl playing the piano is my younger sister.5. The lady who is wearing red dress is our new teacher.(六)状语状语的功用:状语说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方向、程度、方式和伴随状况等。
I will be back in a while.They are playing on the playground.He was late because he got up late.He got up so late that I missed the train.I waited to see you.He often went to school by bus.His parents died, leaving him an orphan.Please call me if it is necessary.This book is very interesting.He went to school in spite of his illness.找出下列句中的状语1. We often help him.2. I really don’t like the food.3. He did his homework carefullyat home.4.Her mother goes out to do some shopping on Sunday.5. When I grow up, I am going to be a doctor.(七)宾语补足语有些及物动词除了有一个直接宾语以外,还要有一个宾语补足语,说明宾语的身份和状态以补充其意义不足,使句子的意义完整。
这类常用的及物动词有:make, consider, cause, see, find, call, get, have, let.I found the book interesting.Do you smell something burning?He made himself known to them.She asked me to lend her a hand.宾语补足语:和宾语构成复合宾语。
宾语和宾补之间存在在逻辑上的主谓关系。
找出下列句子的宾语补足语:1. They elected John monitor.2. We call him Iron Ox.3. The doctor told me to do moreexercise.4. They made her happy.5. He is going to have his hair cut.6. They saw a bird flying in the sky.(八)同位语位于名词或代词后面,说明它们的性质和情况We young people should respect the old.(名词)He himself will do the experiment.(代词)He is the oldest among them four.(数词)He told me the news that our team won the game.(从句)子结构:1)You are a student.2)He felt happy today.3)What you said mademe happy.4)Could you give mesome advice on how tolearn English well?5)After he finished hishomework, he wentaway.6)He likes pop music.7)The sound soundsstrange.8)The food tastes good.9)He gave me a bookyesterday.10)We all think it a pitythat she didn’t comehere.Private ConversationLast week I went to the theatre. I had a very good seat. The play was very interesting. I did not enjoy it. A young man and a young woman were sitting behind me. They were talking loudly. I got very angry. I could not hear the actors. I turned round. I looked at the man and the woman angrily. They did not pay any attention. In the end, I could not bear it. I turned round again. “I can't hear a word!”I said angrily.“It's none of your business,”the young man said rudely.“This is a private conversation!”what什么who谁where哪里when什么时候why为什么H,how怎么。