国际商法课件

V. Major Legal Systems of the World
• 1. Common-law System • The common law system is also called English Law System, or Anglo-American Law System. Common law systems are based largely on case law, i.e., on court decisions. Common law refers to law and the corresponding legal system developed through decisions of courts and similar tribunals, rather than through legislative statutes or executive action.
• On the other hand, during the communication of the countries, people formed some trade practice and customs which were commonly obeyed. By the end of 19th C and at the beginning of 20th C international business law appears. • Entering 21st C international business law will meet a greater development. Because its law and rules will be more globalized, uniform and diversified.
IV. Characteristics and Principles of International Business Law
• 1. Characteristics • (1) International business law has its own adjusting object. • (2) The adjusting method of international law is direct adjusting method.
Chapter One Introduction to International Business Law
• • • • I. Definition of International Business Law II. Sources of International Business Law III. History of International Business Law IV. Characteristics and Principles of International Business Law • V. Major Legal Systems of the World
• Customs and Usages in International Business Law • Incoterms 2000（2000年国际贸易术语解释通则） • Warsaw-Oxford Rules 1932（1932年《华沙-牛 津规则》） • Revised American Foreign Trade Definitions 1941（1941年《美国对外贸易定义修正本》） • UCP600（2007年《跟单信用证统一惯例》） • 3. National Business Laws
2. International trade Custom and Usage
• International trade Custom and usage means the general rules and practices in international trade activities that have become generally adopted through unvarying habit and common use. • Three Conditions of International trade Custom and usage :(1) It has determinate business contents; (2) It has become unvarying habit and common use in international business transactions; (3) It’s the general rule that recognized by most countries.
Key Terms and Important Legal English Usages
• 1. norms: 标准，规范，法则，规则，准则。该词 一般指组织或惯例中的准则或规则，不指立法机 关所制定的法律。 • 2. law: 法律，法令。该词较常用，主要指由最高 当局制定、由立法机构通过或由习惯认可而由法 院执行的法律。 • 3. code: 法典、法规。着重指集体的法规，如civil code, criminal code. • 4. regulation: 条例，规则，规章。主要表示用以 指导、管理或控制某系统或某组织的规则或原则。 • 5. rules: 规则，规章。指团体的规章、条例或比 赛规则，常与regulation互换使用。
• 6. provision: 规定，规范。指具体部门所制 定的规定。 • 7.procedures: 程序，办法。主要指具体部 门或行业为实施某法律制订的具体步骤。 • 8.institutions: 制度，法律，法令；公共机构。 该词主要表示制度、公共机构或诉讼的提起。 • 9.rule of law: 法治。 • 10. legal doctrines: 法律理论。 • 11.legal validity: 法律效力。
II. Sources of International Business Law
• 1. International Treaties and Conventions • A treaty may also be known as agreement, protocol, covenant, convention, exchange of letters, accord, exchange of notes, memorandum of understanding, etc.. • Treaties are binding agreements between two or more states, and conventions are legally binding agreements sponsored by international organizations, such as the United Nations.
Main Treaties or Conventions in International Business Law
• Convention on Agency in the International Sale of Goods（1983年《国际货物销售代理公约》） • United Nations Convention on Contracts of International Sale of Goods, CISG（1980年《联 合国国际货物买卖合同公约》 • Hague Rules（海牙规则） • Visby Rules （维斯比规则） • Hamburg Rules （汉堡规则） • Convention on the Law Applicable to Products Liability （1977年产品责任法律适用公约） • Paris Convention on the Protection of Industrial Property （1883年《保护工业产权巴黎公约》）
• (2) the parties have their nationalities from different countries; • (3) the commercial activities are performed in a State or District outside the Country or Countries of one or more parties; • (4) the object of the commercial relationship is located in a State or District outside the Country or Countries of one or more parties. • 3. The meaning of “commercial”
III. History of International Business Law
1. Ancient Roman Law stage（古罗马法阶段） 2. Jus Mercatorum stage （商人习惯法阶段） 3. Nationalized stage（商法本国化阶段） 4. The Development and Tendency of Modern International Business Law • On the one hand, after the Second World War the rapid development of the world economy made the contact of each country more frequently. This made it necessary that a set of uniform international law regulating the relationship of international economy and trade should be made. • • • •