英语六级考试历年阅读试题译文(2003年6月)
历年英语六级作文题目及范文(2003~2011)
2011年12月英语六级作文范文The Way to Success First essay—stream of thought typeThe Way to Success"Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration." And here comes our question, what is the way to success?A strong will and great efforts are the most essential two keys to the door of success.Why do people fail to achieve their goal? The reason is that most of them give up halfway due to their lack of a strong will once they encounter any difficulty. A man of a strong will always sticks to his cause no matter how tough it might be.Would Thomas Edison be such a great man in history if he had done nothing but possessing a strong will? We are all familiar with his story that he had tried one thousand kinds of materials before he finally made his great bulb light up. Without hard effort, Edison might have been a nobody. Without efforts, no one can succeed.To sum up, a strong will and great efforts can help one open up the way to success. Where there is a will with efforts, there is a way.【作文解析】本次六级考试作文题为The way to success，与本次四级考试作文Nothing succeeds without a strong will遥相呼应，大同小异，都是在讨论成功这一话题。
大学英语六级考试九-历年六级写作真题
历年六级写作真题（1990.1-2004.6）2004年6月Directions:For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a letter to the editor of a newspaper complaining about the poor service of a bookstore. You should write atleast 150 words following the outline given below:设想你买了一本英文字典，发现有这样那样的质量问题，书店的服务态度又不好，因此给报社编辑写信。
信中必须包含以下内容：1．事情的起因2．与书店交涉的经过3．呼吁服务行业必须提高服务质量2003年12月Directions:For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a short essay entitled Reduce Waste on Campus. You should write at least 150 words following the outline givenbelow:1．有些大学校园浪费的现象日益严重2．浪费的危害3．杜绝浪费，从我做起2003年9月Directions:For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a short essay entitled Reading Preferences. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below:Reading preferences of students in an American university in 20021．根据上表，简要叙述美国某大学学生借阅图书的分布情况；2．你对于这些学生阅读偏爱的评论3．你通常喜欢阅读哪一类书籍？说明理由。
2003年考研英语4篇阅读真题中文翻译解释
2003年TEXT 141.The emergence of the Net has ________.[A] received support from fans like Donovan[B] remolded the intelligence services[C] restored many common pastimes[D] revived spying as a profession解释与说明:④These days the Net, which has already re-made such everyday pastimes as buying books and sending mail, is reshaping Donovan’s vocation as well.42.Donovan’s story is mentioned in the text to ________.[A] introduce the topic of online spying[B] show how he fought for the U.S.[C] give an episode of the information war[D] honor his unique services to the CIA解释与说明:①Wild Bill Donovan would have loved the Internet. ②The American spymaster who built the Office of Strategic Services in the World War II and later laid the roots for the CIA was fascinated with information. ③Donovan believed in using whatever tools came to hand in the “great game” of espionage — spying a s a “profession.”43.The phrase “making the biggest splash” (Line 1, Paragraph 3) most probably means ________.[A] causing the biggest trouble[B] exerting the greatest effort[C]achieving the greatest success[D] enjoying the widest popularity解释与说明:①Among the firms making the biggest splash in this new world is Straitford, Inc., a private intelligence-analysis firm based in Austin, Texas.② Straitford makes money by selling the results of spying(covering nations from Chile to Russia) to corporations like energy-services firm McDermott International.44.It can be learned from Paragraph 4 that ________.*A+ Straitford’s prediction about Ukraine has proved true[B] Straitford guarantees the truthfulness of its information*C+ Straitford’s business is characterized by unpredictability[D] Straitford is able to provide fairly reliable information解释与说明:④“And we’ll hear back from some of them.” Open-source spying does have its risks, of course, since it can be difficult to tell good information from bad. That’s where Straitford earns its keep.45.Straitford is most proud of its ________.[A] official status[B] nonconformist image[C] efficient staff[D] military background解释与说明:④Straitford’s briefs don’t sound like the usual Washington back-and-forthing, whereby agencies avoid dramatic declarations on the chance they might be wrong.⑤ Straitford, says Friedman, takes pride in its independent voice.TEXT 246.The author begins his article with Edmund Burke’s words to ________.[A]call on scientists to take some actions[B] criticize the misguided cause of animal rights[C] warn of the doom of biomedical research[D] show the triumph of the animal rights movement解释与说明:③Scientists need to respond forcefully to animal rights advocates, whose arguments are confusing the public and thereby threatening advances in health knowledge and care.47.Misled people tend to think that using an animal in research is ________.[A] cruel but natural[B]inhuman and unacceptable[C] inevitable but vicious[D] pointless and wasteful解释与说明:⑤Hearing allegations of cruelty to animals in research settings, many are perplexed that anyone would deliberately harm an animal.48.The example of the grandmotherly woman is used to show the public’s ________.[A] discontent with animal research[B] ignorance about medical science[C] indifference to epidemics[D] anxiety about animal rights解释与说明:④Such well-meaning people just don’t understand.49.The author believes that, in face of the challenge from animal rights advocates, scientists should ________.[A] communicate more with the public[B] employ hi-tech means in research[C] feel no shame for their cause[D] strive to develop new cures解释与说明:Scientists must communicate their message to the public in a compassionate, understandable way — in human terms, not in the language of molecular biology.50.From the text we learn that Stephen Cooper is ________.[A] a well-known humanist[B] a medical practitioner[C] an enthusiast in animal rights[D] a supporter of animal research解释与说明:④Finally, because the ultimate stakeholders are patients, the health research community should actively recruit to its cause not only well-known personalities such as Stephen Cooper, who has made courageous statements about the value of animal research, but all who receive medical treatment.TEXT 351.According to those who support mergers, railway monopoly is unlikely because ________.[A] cost reduction is based on competition[B] services call for cross-trade coordination[C] outside competitors will continue to exist[D] shippers will have the railway by the throat解释与说明:①Supporters of the new supersystems argue that these mergers will allow for substantial cost reductions and better coordinated service. ②Any threat of monopoly, they argue, is removed by fierce competition from trucks.52.What is many captive shippers’ attitude towards the consolidation in the rail industry__________?[A] Indifferent. [B] Supportive.[C] Indignant. [D] Apprehensive解释与说明:①Many captive shippers also worry they will soon be hit with a round of huge rate increases.53.It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that ________.[A] shippers will be charged less without a rival railroad[B] there will soon be only one railroad company nationwide[C] overcharged shippers are unlikely to appeal for rate relief[D] a government board ensures fair play in railway business解释与说明:Shippers who feel they are being overcharged have the right to appeal to the federal government’s Surface T ransportation Board for rate relief, but the process is expensive, time-consuming, and will work only in truly extreme cases.54.The word “arbiters” (Line 7, Paragraph 4) most probably refers to those ________.[A] who work as coordinators[B] who function as judges[C] who supervise transactions[D] who determine the price解释与说明:It’s a theory to which many economists subscribe,but in practice it often leaves railroads in the position of determining which companies will flourish and which will fail55.According to the text, the cost increase in the rail industry is mainly caused by ________.[A] the continuing acquisition[B] the growing traffic[C] the cheering Wall Street[D] the shrinking market解释与说明:Yet railroads continue to borrow billions to acquire one another, with Wall Street cheering them on.TEXT 456.What is implied in the first sentence__________?[A] Americans are better prepared for death than other people.[B] Americans enjoy a higher life quality than ever before.[C] Americans are over-confident of their medical technology.[D] Americans take a vain pride in their long life expectancy.解释与说明:It is said that in England death is pressing, in Canada inevitable and in California optional.57.The author uses the example of cancer patients to show that ________.[A] medical resources are often wasted[B] doctors are helpless against fatal diseases[C] some treatments are too aggressive[D] medical costs are becoming unaffordable解释与说明:Shielded by third-party payers from the cost of our care,we demand everything that can possibly be done for us, even if it’s useless.58.The author’s attitude toward Richard Lamm’s remark is one of ________.[A] strong disapproval[B] reserved consent[C] slight contempt[D] enthusiastic support解释与说明:①I would not go that far.59.In contrast to the U.S., Japan and Sweden are funding their medical care ________.[A] more flexibly[B] more extravagantly[C] more cautiously[D]more reasonably解释与说明:I also know that people in Japan and Sweden, countries that spend far less on medical care, have achieved longer, healthier lives than we have.60.The text intends to express the idea that ________.*A+ medicine will further prolong people’s lives[B] life beyond a certain limit is not worth living[C] death should be accepted as a fact of life[D] excessive demands increase the cost of health care解释与说明:Death is normal。
2003年6月CET-6试题及答案
2003年6月CET-6试题及答案Part I Listening Comprehension（20 minutes）Section A？？？？？Directions：In this section，you will hear 10 short conversations．At the end of each conversation，a question will be asked about what was said．Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once．After each question there will be a pause．During the pause，you must read the four choices marked A），B），C） and D），and decide which is the best answer． Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre．1．A）Because he wants to meet the woman's cousin．？ B）Because he thought he was not informed．？ C）Because the woman does not want him to join her．？ D）Because the woman goes to her cousin's place too often．2．A）The train has just started off．？ B）Once it starts raining，it'll rain a lot．？ C）They're ready to catch the train．？ D）It has been raining for some time．3．A）The typist．？ B）The man．？ C）The woman．？ D）A friend．4．A）To her，math is even more difficult than biology．？ B）To her，biology is difficult，but math is not．？ C）She spends half of her time on biology．？ D）She is going to give up biology．5．A）There was a fire．？ B）There was a shower．？ C）There was a car accident．？ D）There was a heavy snow．6．A）They are not worth the trouble．？ B）They are inexpensive．？ C）They are too easy．？ D）They are very rewarding．7．A）Today．B）Next week．？ C）Tomorrow．？ D）In two days'time．8．A）Mary will come at 7：00．？ B）Mary won't come．？ C）Mary will be late．D）Mary doesn't want to come．9．A）Go to a theater．？ B）Go to a dance．？ C）Go to the Student Center．？ D）Go to a lecture．10．A）He regrets not seeing the movie．B）It is not a good movie．？ C）He wants to see the movie again．？ D）It is an excellent movie．Section BDirections：In this section，you will hear 3 short passages．At the end of each passage，you will hear some questions．Both the passage and the question will be spoken only once．After you hear a question，you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B），C） and D）．Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre．Passage OneQuestions 11to 13are based on the passage you have just heard．11．A）White．？？B）Yellow．？C）Blue．？？D）None ofthe above．12．A）Because airplanes are driven by air．？？B）Because they need air to see things far ahead．？？C）Because they need air to lift their wings．？？D）Because the drivers can't breathe without air．13．A）We'll see airplanes flying in the sky．？？B）There will be no air．？？C）There will be a lot of air around us．？？D）We'll become light enough to fly．Passage TwoQuestions 14to 16are based on the passage you have just heard．14．A）It's amazing that anyone could move so fast．？？B）Televisions mark the beginning of modern life．？？C）Modern life is changing very fast．？？D）It's hard to remember the past．15．A）Because change happened so quickly．？？B）Because people were not interested in it．？？C）Because people were too busy with their work．？？D）Because change happened so slowly．16．A）She felt like being interested in it．？B）She was not happy about it．？？C）She felt disappointed．？？D）She was really amazed．Passage ThreeQuestions 17to 20are based on the passage you have just heard．17．A）Gas．？？B）Water．？？C）Vapor．？？D）Chemicals．18．A）By heating dry ice．？？B）By passing steam over dry ice．？？C）By mixing dry ice with ordinary ice．？？D）By turning ordinary ice into steam．19．A）It is lighter to carry．？？B）It is not so cold as ordinary ice．？？C）It takes a long time to melt．？？D）It is cleaner to use than ordinary ice．20．A）In the 1950's．？？C）In the 1920's．？？B）In the 1940's．？？D）In the 1930's．Part II Reading Comprehension（35 minutes）Directions：There are four passages in this part．Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements．For each of them there are four choices marked A），B），C）and D）． You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center．Questions 21to 25are based on the following passage：More attention was paid to the quality of production in France at the time of Rene Coty．Charles Deschanel was then the financial minister．He stressed that workmanship and quality were more important than quantity for industrial production．It would be necessary to produce quality goods for the international market to compete with those produced in other countries．The French economy needed a larger share of the international market to balance its import and export trade．French industrial and agricultural production was still inadequate to meet the immediate needs of the people，let alone long-ranged developments．Essential imports had stretched the national credit to the breaking point．Rents were tightly controlled，but the extreme inflation affected general population most severely through the cost of food．Food costs took as much as 80 percent of the workers'income．Wages，it is true，had risen．Extensive family allowances and benefits were paid by the state，and there was full-time and overtime employment．Taken together，these factors enabled the working class to exist but allowed them no sense of security．In this precarious（不稳定的）and discouraging situation，workmen were willing to work overseas for higher wages．The government was reluctant to let workers leave the country．It was feared this immigration of workers would deplete the labor force．The lack of qualified workers might hinder the improvement in the quality of industrial products produced．Qualified workers employed abroad would only increase the quantity of quality goods produced in foreign countries．Also the quantity of quality goods produced in France would not be able to increase as part of its qualified labor force moved to other countries．21．According to the passage，the French workers were ________ ．？？A）better paid than the workers in any other European countries？？B）able to save more money with the increase in their wages？？C）anxious to work abroad？？D）often unable to find work in France22．Rene Coty and Charles Deschanel were both interested in ________．？？A）better quality in production？？B）increasing quantity in production？？C）having the government raise tariffs on foreign imports？？D）eliminating unions in France23．The French government was reluctant to let the workers leave the country because ________ ．？？A）it would enlarge the working force？？B）it would hinder the improvement of quality in industrial production？？C）it would hinder the increase in quantity of exports？？D）it would damage the imports24．Rents in France ________．？？A）were extremely high？？B）were extremely controlled？？C）took as much as 80percent of the workers'income？？D）had doubled in two years25．According to the passage，the French government ________．？？A）prohibited French to work abroad？？B）reduced taxes to fight inflation？？C）paid family allowances and benefits？？D）prohibited the French workers to join labor unionsQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage：Food can be divided into two basic categories：real food and pleasure food．Real food is fuel for the body's needs，while pleasure food， which is high in fat and sugar，is primarily for taste satisfaction．The categories are pretty obvious．Broccoli is real food．Cookies are in the pleasure group．When you are hungry，you are faced with choices．If you aren't suffering from excessive hunger，you can be rational about them．Go to the refrigerator．What looks good？If you have chosen a real food，say，a turkey sandwich，you can be certain your body can use it for fuel．Eat it and enjoy．Two hours later you are hungry again．Back to the refrigerator．What looks good？Ice cream．Stop！Employ your will power just a little．Ice cream is not what your body needs．Does something else look good？Yes，a piece of toast with peanut butter and a glass of milk sound good too．Okay，go ahead，remembering that high-fat real foods should be eaten in moderation．One trick is to eliminate pleasure foods from your kitchen．Instead，keep a variety of high-quality foods available at all times．In short，buy lots of delicious real food，food you really like，and get rid of the junk．But what if you have ice cream on hand and nothing sounds good？Although you don't want to eat pleasure foods whenever the urge strikes，there is a legitimate place for them in your diet．If you have analyzed your feelings and there are no other needs imitating hunger，eat the ice cream．You have not failed．On the contrary，you have accepted your natural appetite，but not blindly．Surprisingly，when you know you can eat anything you want，and that you never have to put up with unsatisfied hunger again，it takes a lot of pressure off．You will begin to want to eat what your body needs，and your body will begin to need foods that will lead to slimness．26．Which of the following statements is NOT true？？ A）The author is against getting rid of pleasure food altogether．？ B）One can eat the high-fat real foods heartily since it is fuel for the body．？ C）Make sure to keep pleasure food such as ice cream in your diet．？ D）Of course you can sometimes have ice cream if you really want to．27．What would be the best title for this passage？？？A）Real Food And Pleasure Food？？B）Reducing Weight？？C）Limit Your Consumption Of Pleasure Food？？D）How To Choose Food When You Are Hungry28．Whatcan you assume from the last paragraph？？？A）Being able to eat anything doesn't necessarily imply pleasure．？？B）Real foods may lead to slimness．？？C）Eat only what your body needs．？？D）Be sure to satisfy your hunger whenever it strikes you．29．What can broccoli be except ________ ．？？A）ice cream？？B）cauliflower？C）a turkey sandwich？？D）a piece of toast30．Judging from the fourth paragraph，what does"junk"mean？？？A）Food like ice cream．？？B）Food you do not like．？？C）Pleasure foods．？？D）Low-quality foods．Questions 31to 35are based on the following passage：Cloning，manipulating a cell from an animal so that it grows into an exact copy of that animal，is the forbidden fruit of biotechnology． Some scientists were so sure it could not be done that，in the 1970s，they discouraged moralists（伦理学家）from discussing its moral implications．Yet at the same time other scientists，secretly，in out-of-the-way labs，were getting ever closer to making clones．For ten years，scientists have been cloning sheep and cows from embryo（胚胎）cells．But so far Dolly is the only animal cloned from an adult cell，not from an embryo． She is living proof that scientists have solved one of the most challenging problems of cell biology．The question now is how soon will scientists clone humans．"Nature"，the scientific journal that published the Dolly paper，commented，"Cloning humans from adults tissues is likely to be achievable any time from one to ten years from now．"Most scientists agree there is no insurmountable obstacle in human cloning．But a human clone，even though it might resemble the individual from whom it was made，would differ dramatically in personality and character，intelligence and talents．"You will never get 100 percent identity，"says psychologist Jerome Kagan of Harvard，"because of chance factors and because environments are never exactly the same．"That，however，is small comfort to many people．Shortly after Dolly's birth announcement，President Clinton ordered a group of experts to come up with proposals for government action．With the cloning of humans within reach，whether it is to be banned or regulated is now on the nation's moral agenda（议事日程）． Some regard the cloning of humans as inherently evil，a morally unjustifiable intrusion into human life．They measure the morality of any act by the intention behind it；still others are concerned primarily with consequences for society as well as for individuals．For the moment it seems that the latest achievement in the biotech field has provided everyone with food for thought．31．In what way is Dolly different from earlier clones？？？A）It is cloned from human embryo．？？B）It is cloned from a human cell．？？C）It is cloned from an adult cell．？？D）It is cloned from an adult embryo．32．What is the prospect，according to most scientists，of making clones from adult human tissues？？ A）Such clones will be exactly like the one from whom it was made．？ B）It would be possible within the decade．？ C）There still exist some technical problems．？ D）It is impossible to make such clones in one to ten years from now．33．Why did Clinton order a group of experts to make proposals for government action？？？A）He wants to quicken the pace of cloning research．？？B）The success of cloning involves serious moral evaluation problems．？？C）He wants to ban the human cloning research．？？D）He is worried about the funding of the further research．34．"Food for thought"in the last paragraph means ________．？？A）worry for food？？B）increased food to be expected？？C）something worthy of consideration？？D）reasons for deep understanding35．The best title for the selection can be ________．？？A）BiotechnologicalSuccess And Its Possible Consequences？？B）Dolly Is Only The Beginning？？C）The Definition Of Cloning？？D）Cloning Humans From Adults'TissuesQuestions 36to 40are based on the following passage：Failure is probably the most fatiguing experience a person ever has．There is nothing more exhausting than not succeeding，being blocked，not moving ahead．It is an evil circle．Failure breeds fatigue，and fatigue makes it harder to get to work，which adds to the fatigue．We experience this tiredness in two main ways，as start-up fatigue and performance fatigue．In the former case，we keep putting off a task that we are forced to take up．Either becauseit is too tedious or because it is too difficult，we avoid it．And the longer we postpone it，the more tired we feel．Such start-up fatigue is very real，even not actually physical，not something in our muscles and bones．The remedy is obvious，though perhaps not easy to apply：willpower exercise．The moment I find myself turning away from a job， or putting it under a pile of things I have to do， I clear my desk of everything else and attach the objectionable item first．To prevent start-up fatigue，always treat the most difficult job first．Performance fatigue is more difficult to handle．Here we are willing to get started，but we can't seem to do the job right．Its difficulties appear to be insurmountable and however hard we work，we fail again and again．The mounting experience of failure carries with it an ever-increasing burden of mental fatigue．In such a situation，I work as hard as I can，then let the unconscious take over．36．Which of the following can be called an evil circle？？？A）Success-zeal-success-zeal．？？B）Failure-tiredness-failure-tiredness．？？C）Failure-zeal-failure-tiredness．？？D）Success-exhaustion-success-exhaustion．37．According to the passage ，when keeping putting off a task，we can experience ________．？？A）tiredness？B）performance fatigue？？C）start-up fatigue？D）unconsciousness38．To overcome start-up fatigue ，we need ________ ．？？A）toughness？？B）prevention？？C）muscles？？D）strong willpower39．The word"insurmountable"in the last paragraph probably means ________ ．？？A）that can not be solved？？B）that can not be understood？？C）that can not be imagined？D）that can not be objected40．According to the passage，which of the following statements is NOT true？？？A）It is easier to overcome start-up fatigue．？？B）Performance fatigue occurs when the job we are willing to take gets blocked．？？C）One will finally succeed after experiencing the evil circle．？？D）Fatigue often accompanies fatigue．Part III Vocabulary and Structure（20 minutes）Directions：There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part．For each sentence there are four choices marked A），B），C）and D）．Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence．Then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center．41．I haven't got the ________ idea of what you mean．Would you please make it clear to me？？？A）lightest？？B）furthest？？C）smallest？？D）faintest42．We've ________ salt．Ask Mrs．Jones to lend us some．？？A）run away with？？B）run over？？C）run off？？D）run out of43．He was always ill for a time，but he managed to ________ ．？？A）pull on？？B）pull in？？C）pull up？？D）pull through44．He ________ interrupted me by asking irrelevant questions．？？A）continually？B）continuously？？C）consistently？？D）consequently45．The actors have to ________ before they appear in front of the strong lights on television．？？A）cover up？B）make up？？C）paint up？？D）do up46．When the whole area was ________ by flood，the government sent food there by helicopter．？？A）cut away？？B）cut down？？C）cut up？？D）cut off47．They have left New York ________ good；they'll never go back and live there again．？？A）for？？B）at？？C）by？？D）in48．The dress in the window ________ her eye when she passed it．？？A）attracted？？B）got？？C）caught？？D）met49．To develop lightindustry in abig way ________ to improving the people's livelihood．？？A）owes？？B）attributes？？C）distributes？D）contributes50．As they haven't a child of their own，they are going to ________ a little girl．？？A）accept？B）receive？？C）adapt？D）adopt51．Would you please ________ these books to your classmates？？？A）hand out？？B）hand down？？C）hand in？？D）hand over52．The doctor ________ a medicine for my headache．？？A）subscribed？B）described？？C）prescribed？？D）inscribed53．No agreement was reached in the discussion as neither side would give way to ________ ．？？A）the other？？B）any other？？C）another？？D）other54．The dog has ________ its affection to its new master．？？A）transferred？？B）transformed？？C）transported？？D）transmitted55．Although he was neat and well-groomed，he was somehow unattractive in ________ ．？？A）outlook？？B）look？？C）appearance？？D）feature56．The chimney is no longer ________ volumes of waste gas into atmosphere，as protective filters are being used．？？A）giving away？B）giving off？？C）giving in？D）giving up57．It's no good ________ until I'm reasonably sure when I'll be able to go for my holiday．？？A）deciding？？B）to decide？？C）to have decided？D）being decided58．I regret ________ you that your application has been refused．？？A）informing？？B）to inform？？C）to be informed？？D）being informed59．The facilities of the older hospital ________．？？A）are as good or better than the new hospital？？B）is as good or better than the new hospital？？C）are as good as or better than the new hospital？？D）are as good as or better than those of the new hospital60．Since you need to catch an early train tomorrow morning，we ________ now．？？A）might as well leave？？B）ought to have left？？C）should have left？？D）could have left61．Do you feel like ________ to a film or would you rather ________ at home？？？A）going．．．stay？？B）to go．．．stay？？C）going．．．staying？？D）going．．．to stay62．At three o'clock ________ a cold morning，he arrived here．？？A）in？？B）at？？C）on？？D）of63．I'm sure dirty， ________？？？A）am I？？B）aren't I？？C）isn't I？？D）am not I64． ________ ，there is no place like home，wherever you go．？？A）It may be humble？？B）As humble it may be？？C）Humble it may be？？D）Humble as it may be65．"Has he gained weight？""He would gain weight，but he ________ much．" ？？A）does not eat？？B）did not eat？？C）hadn't eaten？？D）couldn't eat66．The day's work ________ ，Mary and Carl are playing cards．？？A）are done？？B）done？？C）doing？？D）did67．But for his help，I ________ ．？？A）did not succeed？？B）had not succeeded？？C）should not have succeeded？？D）have not succeeded68．His use of technical terms left his audience ________ ．？？A）confusing？？B）with confusion？？C）confused？？D）to confusion69．Try and calm yourself， ________ your mind will be easy again．？？A）and？？B）or？？C）when？？D）before70．It was not untilshe had arrived home ________ remembered her appointment with the doctor．？？A）when she？？B）that she？？C）and she？？D）shePart IV Short Answer Questions（15 minutes）Directions：In this part，there is a short passage with five questions or incomplete statements．Read the passage carefully．Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words．In an effort to produce the largest，fastest， the most luxurious ship afloat，the British built the Titanic．It was so superior to anything else on the seas that it was considered"unsinkable"． So sure of this were the owners that they provided lifeboats for only 950of its possible 3，500 passengers．Many passengers were aboard the night it rammed an ice-burg，only two days at sea and more than half way between England and New York，the destination．Because the luxury liner was traveling so fast，it was impossible to avoid the ghostly looking ice-burg．An inextinguishable fire also contributed to the ship's disaster．Panic increased the number of deaths as people jumped into the icy water or fought to be among the few to board the lifeboats．Four hours after the mishap，another ship，the Carpathia，rescued the survivors，less than a third of those originally aboard．The famous Titanic enjoyed only two days of sailing glory on its maiden voyage in 1912before plunging into 12，000feet of water near the coast of Newfoundland，where it lies today．Questions：71．The owners of Titanic provided lifeboats for only 950passengers which were far from enough because ________ ．72．How many days was the Titanic at sea before sinking？73．The word"inextinguishable"means？________．74．Where is the Titanic now？75．Besides speed and fire，what else contributed to the large number of deaths？Part V Writing（30minutes）Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Importance of Teamwork．You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline（given in Chinese）below．1．每个人都需要有团队合作的精神。
大学英语六级考试(CET6)历年阅读试题译文
大学英语六级考试(CET6)历年阅读试题译文历年六级试题阅读译文1999年1月六级试题译文Passage one译文很多美国人对有关食物的多数危险持极度歪曲、夸张的观点。
马萨诸塞—阿姆赫特大学食品科学及营养系主任佛卡斯·克拉斯代尔直率地说，如果被细菌污染的鸡肉的危险像一些人认为的那样大，“大街上就会到处躺满中毒的人。
”虽然公众越来越要求安全食品，但世界上没有这样的东西。
伯克利的加里福尼亚大学生物化学系主任布鲁斯·阿密兹指出，一棵植物中多达10%的重量是天然杀虫剂。
他说：“植物没有嘴和牙齿来保护自己，它们就使用化学战。
”许多自然生成的化学物质虽然量很小，但实验室化验却证明是强致癌物——可引起癌症的物质。
如果用食品添加剂的标准来衡量，蘑菇就会被禁止食用。
康乃尔大学的营养学家克利斯蒂娜·斯达克断言：“我们从食物中获得的天然化学物质比任何人造的东西都糟糕得多。
”然而问题并不那么简单。
尽管美国人没理由害怕坐在餐桌旁，但他们完全有理由要求食物和饮水安全有明显改进。
他们不知不觉地、不情愿地吸收了大量各种各样的危险化学物。
要是食物中已经含有天然致癌物，再加上几十种新的人造致癌物就不大明智了。
虽然大多数人能抵抗食物和水里的少量污染物，但至少一天少数人会因吃喝的东西而患癌症。
为使食物和供水质量更高，政府需提高管理标准，严格检查计划并强化执行政策。
食品工业应该修改某些人们长期接受的做法，或采用危险较小的做法。
最重要的也许是消费者将不得不学习如何正确处理和烹制食物。
需要解决从田间到加工场、再到厨房的整个食品供应过程中的全部问题。
Passage two译文有些地球现象可以预计，但有的人说磁场是个例外。
磁场的强度波动，并从轴开始移动，每隔几十万年经历一次奇异的两极转换——这期间北极变成南极，南极变成北极。
但磁场是怎么产生的?为什么如此不稳定?两位法国地球物理学家的开创性研究为揭示这一奥秘提供了一些线索。
历年6级真题阅读翻译
历年阅读真题翻译1999年6月六级阅读译文Passage One我们有时认为惟有人类易受忧虑伤害，但紧张情绪似乎也影响了低级动物的免疫系统。
例如，在一次实验中，丹佛大学的行为免疫学家马克•朗顿斯拉格对24只老鼠进行了轻微的电击。
一半老鼠能通过转动笼子里的一个轮子切断电源，而另一半却不能。
朗顿斯拉格将两组老鼠配成对，每次一只老鼠转动轮子，它就能保护自己和无能为力的伙伴免遭电击。
朗顿斯拉发现，无能为力的老鼠免疫反应降至正常以下，但那些能够切断电流的老鼠却没有。
他认为，他所证明的是缺乏控制事件的能力会削弱免疫系统，而非经历本身。
其他研究者也同意他的看法。
杜克大学医学院的心理学家琼•伟斯已经证明：被允许控制不快刺激的动物不出现睡眠障碍，大脑化学成分也不发生变化，这些正是老鼠紧张的典型表现。
但是，如果动物遭遇过不能控制的情况，以后它们面对能控制的事件时行为就会被动。
这些发现加强了心理学家的猜疑，无助的经验或感知是压抑情绪中最有害的因素之一。
心情改变免疫反应最令人惊讶的例子之一是偶尔发现的。
1975年，罗切斯特大学医学院的心理学家罗伯特•阿德通过同时给老鼠喂糖精和注射抑制免疫系统的药使其胃部不适，使老鼠形成条件反射避开糖精。
因为把糖精和胃痛联系起来，老鼠很快就学会避开糖精。
为消除对糖精的厌恶，阿德再次给这些老鼠喂糖精，但这次没给药；他惊讶地发现一些老鼠死了，这些老鼠在以前形成条件反射期间吃的糖精最多。
他只能这样推测：他成功地使老鼠形成条件反射，现在仅用削弱其免疫系统的糖精就足以使其致死。
Passage T wo破坏自然资源和污染食物的事不断发生，这主要是因为对那些不顾后果肆意破坏环境的人难以追究法律责任。
通过立法、经济刺激和善意劝说等防止污染的努力遇到诉讼、个人和企业的否认及旷日持久的拖延——不仅在接受责任方面，更重要的是在有关其处理方面。
看来只有当政府决定采取税收优惠或牺牲生产时，才会主动改变。
保护人类的伟大宝库是一项最重要的责任，企业和我们对此的共识何在？如果有环境卫生专业人员到第一线来领导解决环境问题的时刻，这时刻便是现在。
历年英语六级作文题目及范文
2015年6月英语六级作文解析及满分作文2015年6月英语六级考试作文真题第一篇：Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying “Knowledge is a treasure, but practice is the key to it。
” You can give one example or two to illustrate your point of view. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words。
命题分析本题要求评论英国教士Thomas Fuller的一句名言：“知识是一种财富，但实践是打开财富的钥匙。
”并要求可以给出一个或两个例子来阐述你的观点。
显而易见，本题考查理论知识与实践技能之间的关系，这是雅思[微博]写作反复考察过的话题。
写作思路解析1、本题首段应该通过理论知识与实践技能之间的关系引出主题；2、第二段可以进行举例论证，列举自己参加兼职打工、志愿者活动等亲身经验证明实践技能的重要性；3、尾段可以进行归纳结论或提出建议措施：一方面我们应该努力积累理论知识，另一方面我们应该积极培养自己的实践技能。
参考范文：Would you want a doctor to operate on you who has only learned about operations from a textbook? The answer to this is obviously a resounding “No!” Knowledge gained from books must always be complemented by knowledge gained from actual experience, to be of real value。
2003年大学英语六级考试试题及参考答案（6月）（3）
Part III Vocabulary (20 minutes)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet witha single line through the centre.41. In November 1987 the government _____ a public debate on the future direction of the official sports policy.A) initiatedB) designatedC) inducedD) promoted42. I found it difficult to _____ my career ambitions with the need to bring up my children.A) consolidateB) amendC) reconcileD) Intensify43. We all enjoy our freedom of choice and do not like to see it_____ when it is within the legal and moral boundaries of society.A) compactedB) restrictedC) dispersedD)delayed44. It is fortunate for the old couple that their son's career goals and their wishes for him _____.A) coincideB) complyC) conformD) collaborate45. Allen will soon find out that real life is seldom as simple as it is _____ in commercials.A) permeatedB) allegedC) depictedD) drafted46. Europe's earlier industrial growth was _____ by the availability of key resources, abun-dant and cheap labor, coal, iron ore, etc.A) constrainedB) detainedC) remainedD) sustained47. As the trial went on, the story behind the murder slowly _____ itself.A) convictedB) releasedC) hauntedD) unfolded48. We’ve just installed a fan to _______ cooking smells from the kitchen.A) ejectB) excludeC) expelD) exile49. Retirement is obviously a very complex _____ period; and the earlier you start planning for it, the better.A) transformationB) transmissionC) transactionD) transition50. Mutual respect for territorial _____is one of the bases upon which our two countries develop relationships.A) unityC) entiretyD) reliability51. As one of the youngest professors in the university, Mr. Brown is certainly on the _____ of a brilliant career.A) porchB) edgeC) courseD) threshold52. We work to make money, but it's a _____ that people who work hard and long often do not make the most money.A) paradoxB) prejudiceC) dilemmaD) conflict53. The design of this auditorium shows a great deal of _____. We have never seen such a building before.A) inventionB) illusionC) originalityD) orientation54. The damage to my car was _____. in the accident, but I have a lingering fear even today.A) insufficientB) ignorantC) ambiguousD) negligible55. Very few people could understand the lecture the professor delivered because its subject was very_____.A) obscureB) indefiniteC) dubiousD) intriguing56. Diamonds have little _______ value and their price depends almost entirely on their scarcity.A) intrinsicB) eternalC) subtleD) inherent57. Doctors are interested in using lasers as a surgical tool in operations on people who are _____ to heart attack.A) infectiousB) disposedC) accessibleD) prone58. Many countries have adopted systems of_____ education in order to promote the average level of education.A) compulsoryB) cardinalC) constrainedD) conventional59. I had eaten Chinese food often, but I could not have imagined how_____ and extravagant a real Chinese banquet could be,A) prominentB) fabulousC) handsomeD) gracious60. They are _____ investors who always make thorough investigations both on local and international markets before making an investment.A) implicitB) consciousC) cautious61. In addition to the rising birthrate and immigration, the _____death rate contributed to the population growth.A) incliningB) increasingC) decliningD) descending62. Because of the _____ noise of traffic I couldn't get to sleep last night.A) prevalentB) perpetualC) provocativeD) progressive63. Don't let such a _____ matter as this come between us so that we can concentrate on the major issue.A) trivialB) slightC) partialD) minimal64. If you go to the park every day in the morning, you will _____ find him doing physical exercise there.A) ordinarilyB) variablyC) logicallyD) persistently65. Although she's a(n) ______talented dancer, she still practices several hours every day.A) traditionallyB) additionallyC) exceptionallyD) rationally66. The cut in her hand has healed completely, without leaving a_____.A) defectB) signC) woundD) scar67. The idea is to ______the frequent incidents of collision to test the strength of the wind-shields.A) assembleB) simulateC) accumulateD) forge68. Most people in the modem world ______ freedom and independence more than anything else.A) embodyB) cherishC) fascinateD) illuminate69.1 told him that I would _______ him to act for me while I was away from office..A) authorizeB) justifyC) rationalizeD) identify70. Over the past ten years, natural gas production has remained steady, but _____has risen steadily.A) dissipationB) disposalC) consumptionD) expenditure。
cet6_200306真题答案与详解
cet6_200306真题答案与详解2003年6⽉六级试卷Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversationand the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be apause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D),and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on theAnswer Sheet with a single line through the center.Example:You will hear:You will read:A) 2 hours.B) 3 hours.C) 4 hours.D) 5 hours.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D) “5 hours” is the correct answer. You should choose [D] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the center.1. A) Riding a horse.B) Shooting a movie.C) Playing a game.D) Taking a photo.2. A) She?ll type the letter for the man.B) She?ll teach the man to operate the computer.C) She doesn?t think his sister is a good typist.D) She thinks the man should buy a computer.3. A) John can share the magazine with her.B) She wants to borrow John?s card.C) She?ll let John use the journal first.D) John should find another copy for himself.4. A) She promised to help the man.B) She came a long way to meet the man.C) She took the man to where he wanted to go.D) She suggested a way out of the difficulty for the man.5. A) The train seldom arrives on time.B) The schedule has been misprinted.C) The speakers arrived at the station late.D) The company has trouble printing a schedule.6. A) To find a better science journal in the library.B) Not to miss any chance to collect useful information.C) To buy the latest issue of the magazine.D) Not to subscribe to the journal.7. A) She wants to borrow the man?s student ID card.B) The tickets are less expensive than she expected.C) She won?t be able to get any discount for the ticket.D) The performance turned out to be disappointing.8. A) Do the assignments towards the end of the semester.B) Quit the history course and choose another one instead.C) Drop one course and do it next semester.D) Take courses with a lighter workload.9. A) The organization of a conference.B) The cost of renting a conference room.C) The decoration of the conference room.D) The job of cleaning up the dining-room.10. A) Meet his client.B) Prepare the dinner.C) Work at his office.D) Fix his carSection BDirections:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage oneQuestion 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) One of the bridges between North and South London collapsed.B) The heart of London was flooded.C) An emergency exercise was conducted.D) 100 people in the suburbs were drowned.12. A) 50 underground stations were made waterproof.B) A flood wall was built.C) An alarm system was set up.D) Rescue teams were formed.13. A) Most Londoners were frightened.B) Most Londoners became rather confused.C) Most Londoners took Exercise Floodcall calmly.D) Most Londoners complained about the trouble caused by Exercise Floodcall. Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) It limited their supply of food.B) It made their eggshells too fragile.C) It destroyed many of their nests.D) It killed many baby bald eagles.15. A) They found ways to speed up the reproduction of bald eagles.B) They developed new types of feed for baby bald eagles.C) They explored new ways to hatch baby bald eagles.D) They brought in bald eagles from Canada.16. A) Pollution of the environment.B) A new generation of pest killers.C) Over-killing by hunters.D) Destruction of their natural homes.Passage ThreeQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17. A) Whether it can be detected and checked.B) Whether it will lead to widespread food shortage.C) Whether global warming will speed up in the future.D) Whether it will affect their own lives.18. A) Many species have moved further north.B) Many new species have come into existence.C) Many species have developed a habit of migration.D) Many species have become less sensitive to climate.19. A) Storms and floods.B) Disease and fire.C) Less space for their growth.D) Rapid increase of the animal population.20. A) They will gradually die out.B) They will be able to survive in the preserves.C) They will have to migrate to find new homes.D) They will face extinction without artificial reproduction.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Direction:There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B) C)and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter onthe Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:In the villages of the English countryside there are still people who remember the good old days when no one bothered to lock their doors. There simply wasn?t any cr ime to worry about.Amazingly, these happy times appear still to be with us in the world?s biggest community. A new study by Dan Farmer, a gifted programmer, using an automated investigative program of hisown called SATAN, shows that the owners of well over half of all World Wide Web sites have set up home without fitting locks to their doors.SATAN can try out a variety of well-known hacking(⿊客的) tricks on an Internet site without actually breaking in. Farmer has made the program publicly available, amid much criticism. A person with evil intent could use it to hunt down sites that are easy to burgle (闯⼊…⾏窃).But Farmer is very concerned about the need to alert the public to poor security and, so far, events have proved him right. SATAN has done more to alert people to the risks than cause new disorder.So is the Net becoming more secure? Far from it. In the early days, when you visited a Web site your browser simply looked at the content. Now the Web is full of tiny programs that automatically download when you look at a Web page, and run on your own machine. These programs could, if their authors wished, do all kinds of nasty things to your computer.At the same time, the Net is increasingly populated with spiders, worms, agents and other types of automated beasts designed to penetrate the sites and seek out and classify information. All these make wonderful tools for antisocial people who want to invade weak sites and cause damage.But let?s look on the bright side. Given the lack of locks, the Internet is surely the w orld?s biggest (almost) crime-free society. Maybe that is because hackers are fundamentally honest. Or that there currently isn?t much to steal. Or because vandalism (恶意破坏) isn?t much fun unless you have a peculiar dislike for someone.Whatever the reason, let?s enjoy it while we can. But expect it all to change, and security to become the number one issue, when the most influential inhabitants of the Net are selling services they want to be paid for.21. By saying “…owners of well over half of all World Wide Web sites have set up home withoutfitting locks to their doors” (Line 3-4, Para.2), the author means that ______.A) those happy times appear still to be with usB) there simply w asn?t any crime to worry aboutC) many sites are not well-protectedD) hackers try out tricks on an Internet site without actually breaking in22. SATAN, a program designed by Dan Farmer, can be used ______.A) to investigate the security of Internet sitesB) to improve the security of the Internet systemC) to prevent hackers from breaking into websitesD) to download useful programs and information23. Farmer?s program has been criticized by the public because ______.A) it causes damage to Net browsersB) it can break into Internet sitesC) it can be used to cause disorder on all sitesD) it can be used by people with evil intent24. The author?s attitude toward SATAN is ______.A) enthusiasticB) criticalC) positiveD) indifferent25. The author suggests in the last paragraph that ______.A) we should make full use of the Internet before security measures are strengthenedB) we should alert the most influential businessmen to the importance of securityC) influential businessmen should give priority to the improvement of Net securityD) net inhabitants should not let security measures affect their joy of surfing the InternetPassage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:I came away from my years of teaching on tile college and university level with a conviction that enactment (扮演⾓⾊), performance, dramatization are the most successful forms of teaching. Students must be incorporated, made, so far as possible, an integral part of the learning process. The notion that learning should have in it an element of inspired play would seem to the greater part of the academic establishment merely silly, but that is nonetheless the case. Of Ezekiel Cheever, the most famous schoolmaster of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, his onetime student Cotton Mather wrote that he so planned his lessons that his pupils “came to work as though they came to play,” and Alfred North Whitehead, almost three hundred years later, noted that a teacher should make his/her students “gla d they were t here.”Since, we are told, 80 to 90 percent of all instruction in the typical university is by the lecture method, we should give close attention to this form of education. There is, I think, much truth in Patricia Nelson Limerick?s observation that “lecturing is an unnatural act, an act for which God did not design humans. It is perfectly all right, now and then, for a human to be possessed by the urge to speak, and to speak while others remain silent. But to do this regularly, one hour and 15 minutes at a time… for one person to drag on while others sit in silence? ... I do not believe that this is what the Creator ... designed humans to do.”The strange, almost incomprehensible fact is that many professors, just as they feel obliged to write dully, believe that they should lecture dully. To show enthusiasm is to risk appearing unscientific, unobjective; it is to appeal to the students? emotions rather than their intellect. Thus the ideal lecture is one filled with facts and read in an unchanged monotone.The cult (推崇) of lecturing dully, like the cult of writing dully, goes back, of course, some years. Edward Shils, professor of sociology, recalls the professors he encountered at the University of Pennsylvania in his youth. They seemed “a pr iesthood, rather uneven in their merits but uniform in their bearing; they never referred to anything personal. Some read from old lecture notes and then haltingly explained the thumb-worn last lines. Others lectured from cards that had served for years, to judge by the worn edges ....The teachers began on time, ended on time, and left the room without saying a word more to their students, very seldom being detained by questioners .... The classes were not large, yet there was no discussion. No questions were raised in class, and there were no office hours.”26. The author believes that a successful teacher should be able to ______.A) make dramatization an important aspect of students? learningB) make inspired play an integral part of the learning processC) improve students? learning performanceD) make study just as easy as play27. The majority of university professors prefer the traditional way of lecturing in the belief that______.A) it draws the close attention of the studentsB) it conforms in a way to the design of the CreatorC) it presents course content in a scientific and objective mannerD) it helps students to comprehend abstract theories more easily28. What the author recommends in this passage is that ______.A) college education should be improved through radical measuresB) more freedom of choice should be given to students in their studiesC) traditional college lectures should be replaced by dramatized performancesD) interaction should be encouraged in the process of teaching29. By saying “They seemed …a priesthood, rather uneven in their merits but uniform in theirbearing…?” (Lines 3-4, Para.4), the author means that ______.A) professors are a group of professionals that differ in their academic ability but behave inthe same wayB) professors are like priests wearing the same kind of black gown but having different rolesto playC) there is no fundamental difference between professors and priests though they differ intheir meritsD) professors at the University of Pennsylvania used to wear black suits which made themlook like priests30. Whose teaching method is particularly commended by the author?A) Ezekiel Cheever?s.B) Alfred North Whitehead?s.C) Cotton Mather?s.D) Patricia Nelson Limerick?s.Passage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:Take the case of public education alone. The principal difficulty faced by the schools has been the tremendous increase in the number of pupils. This has been caused by the advance of the legal age for going into industry and the impossibility of finding a job even when the legal age has been reached. In view of the technological improvements in the last few years, business will require in the future proportionately fewer workers than ever before. The result will be still further raising of the legal age for going into employment, and still further difficulty in finding employment when that age has been attained. If we cannot put our children to work, we must put them in school.We may also be quite confident that the present trend toward a shorter day and a shorter week will be maintained. We have developed and shall continue to have a new leisure class. Already the public agencies for adult education are swamped by the tide that has swept over them since the depression began. They will be little better off when it is over. Their support must come from the taxpayer.It is surely too much to hope that these increases in the cost of public education can be borne by the local communities. They cannot care for the present restricted and inadequate system. The local communities have failed in their efforts to cope with unemployment. They cannot expect to cope with public education on the scale on which we must attempt it. The answer to the problemof unemployment has been Federal relief. The answer to the problem of public education may have to be much the same, and properly so. If there is one thing in which the citizens of all parts of the country have an interest, it is in the decent education of the citizens of all parts of the country. Our income tax now goes in part to keep our neighbors alive. It may have to go in part as well to make our neighbors intelligent. We are now attempting to preserve the present generation through Federal relief of the destitute (贫民). Only a people determined to ruin the next generation will refuse such Federal funds as public education may require.31. What is the passage mainly about?A) How to persuade local communities to provide more funds.B) How to cope with the shortage of funds for public education.C) How to improve the public education system.D) How to solve the rising unemployment problem.32. What is the reason for the increase in the number of students?A) The requirement of educated workers by business.B) Raising of the legal age forgoing to work.C) The trend toward a shorter workday.D) People?s concern for the future of the next generation.33. The public agencies for adult education will be little better off because ______.A) the unemployed are too poor to continue their educationB) a new leisure class has developedC) they are still suffering from the depressionD) an increase in taxes could be a problem34. According to the author, the answer to the problem of public education is that the Federalgovernment _______.A) should allocate Federal funds for public educationB) should demand that local communities provide supportC) should raise taxes to meet the needs of public educationD) should first of all solve the problem of unemployment35. Wh y does the author say “Only a people determined to ruin the next generation will refusesuch Federal funds as public education may require” (Lines 10-11, Para. 3)?A) Only by appropriating adequate Federal funds for education can the next generation havea bright future.B) Citizens of all parts of the country agree that the best way to support education is to useFederal funds.C) People all over the country should make contributions to education in the interest of thenext generation.D) Educated people are determined to use part of the Federal funds to help the poor.Passage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:A new high-performance contact lens under development at the department for applied physics at the University of Heidelberg will not only correct ordinary vision defects but will enhance normal night vision as much as five times, making people?s vision sharper than that of cats.Bille and his team work with an optical instrument called an active mirror — a device used in astronomical telescopes to spot newly emerging stars and far distant galaxies. Connected to a wave-front sensor that tracks and measures the course of a laser beam into the eye and back, the aluminum mirror detects the deficiencies of the cornea, the transparent protective layer covering the lens of the human eye. They highly precise data from the two instruments —which, Bille hopes, will one day be found at the opticians (眼镜商) all over the world — serve as a basis for the production of completely individualized contact lenses that correct and enhance the wearer?s vision.By day, Bille?s contact lenses will focus rays of light so accurately on the retina (视⽹膜) that the image of a small leaf or the outline of a far distant tree will be formed with a sharpness that surpasses that of conventional vision aids by almost half a diopter (屈光度). At night, the lenses have an even greater potential. “Because the new lens — in contrast to the already existing ones — also works when it?s dark and the pupil is wide open,” says Bille, “lens wearers will be able to identify a face at distance of 100 meters — 80 meters farther than they would normally be able to see. In his experiments night vision was enhanced by an even greater factor: in semi-darkness, test subjects could see up to 15 times better than without the lenses.Bille?s lenses are expected to reach the market in the year 2000, and one tentative plan is to use the Internet to transmit information on patients?visual defects from the optician to the manufacturer, who will then produce and mail the contact lenses within a couple of days. The physicist expects the lenses to cost about a dollar a pair, about the same as conventional one-day disposable lenses.36. The new contact lens is meant for ______.A) astronomical observationsB) the night blindC) those with vision defectsD) optical experiments37. What do the two instruments mentioned in the second paragraph (Line 5) refer to?A) The astronomical telescope and the wave-front sensor.B) The aluminum mirror and the laser beam.C) The active mirror and the contact lens.D) The aluminum mirror and the wave-front sensor.38. Individualized contact lenses (Line 7, Para.2) are lenses designed ______.A) to work like an astronomical telescopeB) to suit the wearer?s specific needsC) to process extremely accurate dataD) to test the wearer?s eyesight39. According to Bille, with the new lenses the wearer?s vision ______.A) will be far better at night than in the daytimeB) may be broadened about 15 times than without themC) can be better improved in the daytime than at nightD) will be sharper by a much greater degree at night than in the daytime40. Which of the following is true about Bille?s lenses?A) Their production process is complicated.B) They will be sold at a very low price.C) They have to be replaced every day.D) Purchase orders can be made through the Internet.Part III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)Directions:There are 3.0. incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line throughthe center.41. In November 1987 the government _______ a public debate on the future direction of theofficial sports policy.A) initiated B) designatedC) induced D) promoted42. I found it difficult to _______ my career ambitions with the need to bring up my children.A) consolidate B) amendC) reconcile D) intensify43. We all enjoy our freedom of choice and do not like to see it _______ when it is within thelegal and moral boundaries of society.A) compacted B) restrictedC) dispersed D) delayed44. It is fortunate for the old couple that their son?s career goals and their wishes for him_______.A) coincide D) collaborateB) comply C) conform45. Allen will soon find out that real life is seldom as simple as it is ______ in commercials.A) permeated B) allegedC) depicted D) drafted46. Europe?s earlier industrial growth was _______ by the availability of key resources, abundantand cheap labor, coal, iron ore, etc.A) constrained B) detainedC) remained D) sustained47. As the trial went on, the story behind the murder slowly _______ itself.A) convicted B) releasedC) haunted D) unfolded48. We?ve just installed a fan to _______ cooking smells from the kitchen.A) eject B) excludeC) expel D) exile49. Retirement is obviously a very complex ______ period; and the earlier you start planning for it, the better.A) transformation B) transmissionC) transaction D) transition50. Mutual respect for territorial _______ is one of the bases upon which our two countries develop relationships.A) unity B) integrityC) entirety D) reliability51. As one of the youngest professors in the university, Mr. Brown is certainly on the ______ of a brilliant career.A) porch B) edgeC) course D) threshold52. We work to make money, but it?s a _______ that people who work hard and long often do not make the most money.A) paradox B) prejudiceC) dilemma D) conflict53. The design of this auditorium shows a great deal of _______. We have never seen such a building before.A) invention B) illusionC) originality D) orientation54. The damage to my car was _______ in the accident, but I have a lingering fear even today.A) insufficient B) ignorantC) ambiguous D) negligible55. Very few people could understand the lecture the professor delivered because its subject was very _______.A) obscure B) indefiniteC) dubious D) intriguing56. Diamonds have little ______ value and their price depends almost entirely on their scarcity.A) intrinsic B) eternalC) subtle D) inherent57. Doctors are interested in using lasers as a surgical tool in operations on people who are______ to heart attack.A) infectious B) disposedC) accessible D) prone58. Many countries have adopted systems of _______ education in order to promote the average level of education.A) compulsory B) cardinalC) constrained D) conventional59. I had eaten Chinese food often, but I could not have imagined how _______ and extravagant a real Chinese banquet could be.A) prominent B) fabulousC) handsome D) gracious60. They are ______ investors who always make thorough investigations both on local and international markets before making an investment.A) implicit B) consciousC) cautious D) indecisive61. In addition to the rising birthrate and immigration, the _______ death rate contributed to the population growth.A) inclining B) increasingC) declining D) descending62. Because of the _______ noise of traffic I couldn?t get to sleep last night.A) prevalent B) perpetualC) provocative D) progressive63. Don?t let such a _______ matter as this come between us so that we can concentrate on the major issue.A) trivial B) partialC) slight D) minimal64. If you go to the park every day in the morning, you will _______ find him doing physical exercise there.A) ordinarily B) invariablyC) logically D) persistently65. Although she?s a(n) _______ talented dancer, she still practices several hours every day.A) traditionally B) additionallyC) exceptionally D) rationally66. The cut in her hand has healed completely, without leaving a _______.A) defect B) signC) wound D) scar67. The idea is to _______ the frequent incidents of collision to test the strength of thewindshields.A) assemble B) simulateC) accumulate D) forge68. Most people in the modern world ______ freedom and independence more than anything else.A) embody B) cherishC) fascinate D) illuminate69. I told him that I would _______ him to act for me while I was away from office.A) authorize B) justifyC) rationalize D) identify70. Over the past ten years, natural gas production has remained steady, but _______ has risensteadily.A) dissipation B) disposalC) consumption D) expenditurePart IV Error Correction (15 minutes)Directions:This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word, add a word or delete aword. Mark out the mistakes and put the corrections in the blanks provided. If youchange a word, cross it out and write the correct word in the corresponding blank. Ifyou add a word, put an insertion mark (∧) in the right place and write the missingword in the blank. If you delete a word, cross it out and put a slash (／) in the blank. Example:Television is rapidly becoming the literatures of our periods. 1. time/times/period Many of the arguments having used for the study of literature. 2. ／___________As a school subject are valid for ∧study of television. 3. the___________The Seattle Times Company is one newspaper firm thathas recognized the need for change and done something aboutit. In the newspaper industry, papers must reflect the diversityof the communities to which they provide information.It must reflect that diversity with their news coverage or risk S1. _________ losing their readers?interest and their advertisers?support.Operating within Seattle, which has 20 percents racial S2. _________ minorities, the paper has put into place policies and procedures for hiring and maintain a diverse workforce. The S3. _________ underlying reason for the change is that for information to befair, appropriate, and subjective, it should be reported by the S4. _________ same kind of population that reads it.。
2003年6月六级听力原文(有中文翻译)
2003年6月听力原文Section AQuestion 1W: Raise your head a little bit and hold the saddle and smile a little. You look wonderful posing like that. Shall I press the shutter?M: Wait a minute. Let me put on a cowboy hat.[Q] What are the speakers doing?女：头再抬起来一点，拿着那个鞍，笑笑。
你摆的姿势太棒了。
我可以照了吗？（按快门了吗？）男：等等，让我戴上这顶牛仔帽。
问：谈话者在干什么？Question 2M: I'm still waiting for my sister to come back and type the application letter for me. W: Why bother her. I'll show you how to use the computer. It's quite easy.[Q] What does the woman mean?M：我在等我姐姐（妹妹）回来帮我打印我的求职信。
W：干嘛麻烦她？我示范给你看怎么使用电脑。
非常简单。
Q：女士的话什么意思？Question 3M: Hey, where did you find the journal? I need it, too.W: Right here on the shelf. Don't worry, John. I'll take it out on my card for both of us.[Q] What does the woman mean?M：你在哪找这那本杂志的？我也需要看。
W：就在那个架子上，别着急，我会用我的借书卡把这本杂志借出来，我们一起看。
历年英语六级阅读理解逐句翻译(DOC)
历年六级阅读理解逐句翻译一、There is nothing like the suggestion of a cancer risk to scare a parent, especially one of the over-educated, eco-conscious type.没有什么事情比有得癌症的迹象更让父母感到害怕的了，尤其对于受到过度教育、对生态环境敏感的那种人来说。
So you can imagine the reaction when a recent USA Today investigation of air quality around the nation’s schools singled out those in the smugly（自鸣得意的）green village of Berkeley, Calif., as being among the worst in the country.所以当《今日美国》在近期公布的一份全国范围内的学校周边空气质量调查中，把加州伯克利的绿色环保小镇列为全国最差时，你可以想象到那些自鸣得意的人的反应。
The city’s public high school, as well as a number of daycare centers, preschools, elementary and middle schools, fell in the lowest 10%. Industrial pollution in our town had supposedly turned students into living science experi ments breathing in a laboratory’s worth of heavy metals like manganese, chromium and nickel each day.该市的公立高中以及为数众多的日间看护中心、学前教育机构、小学和中学都在最差的10%之列。
英语六级考试历年阅读试题译文(6月)·资格考试
同时，网络中出现了越来越多的蜘蛛、虫子、间谍和其他的一些自动化的动物，它们被预先指定闯入网站，对信息进行查找和分类。所有这些都为那些想进攻弱小的网站并对其造成伤害的反社会的人提供了绝妙的工具。
Passage Three
译文
就拿公立教育来说。学校面对的主要困难是学生人数的急剧增长。这种状况的形成主要是由于就业的法定年龄提高了，并且即使到了法定年龄也很难找到工作。由于这些技术的进步，企业在未来的将比以前需要更少的工人。结果必须是进一步提高就业的法定年龄，以及达到法定工作年龄后就业更加困难。如果我们不能让孩子们工作，那么，我们必须让他们上学。
英语六级考试历年阅读试题译文(6月)
编 辑：__________________
时 间：__________________
20xx年6月六级试题译文
Passage One
译文
在英国乡间的小村子里还有人记得那些不用想着锁门的美好的老日子。那时根本不用担心犯罪。
令人惊奇的是，这些幸福的时光似乎还在世界的社团里与我们同在。一个天才的程序员，丹·法穆用他自称为“撒旦”的自动调查程序所做的一项最新研究表明，万维网一半多的主人建立了不上锁的家。
我们同样相信目前缩短日工作时数和周工作时数的趋势将持续下去。我们已经有了，并且将继续保有一个新的休闲阶层。自从经济萧条开始以来，成人公立教育机构就被迅速蔓延的萧条浪潮所淹没。萧条过后，他们的状况可能会好一点。他们的支持必须来自纳税人。
当然，我们不能过多地期望公立教育经费的提高都由地方各界来负担。他们对当前限制的、不完善的制度无能为力。地方各界解决不了失业的问题。他们不可能如我们所期望的那样来解决公立教育问题。解决失业的办法是联邦救济金。解决公立教育问题的办法也只能靠联邦拨款，并且，应该是这样。如果说有这么一件事情全国各地的居民都感兴趣的话，那么，这件事情就是全国各地居民都能接受良好的教育。现在，我们所得税的一部分被用来维持我们邻居(失业者)的生活。有一部分也可能会被用来使我们的邻居(失业者)变得更聪明。我们现在想通过联邦贫民救济金来保存我们这一代人。只有当一个民族决心毁掉下一代的时候，他才会拒绝拨给公立教育所需要的联邦经费。
历年英语六级真题阅读译文汇总
历年英语六级真题阅读译文汇总1999年1月六级试题译文Passage one译文很多美国人对有关食物的多数危险持极度歪曲、夸张的观点。
马萨诸塞—阿姆赫特大学食品科学及营养系主任佛卡斯·克拉斯代尔直率地说，如果被细菌污染的鸡肉的危险像一些人认为的那样大，“大街上就会到处躺满中毒的人。
”虽然公众越来越要求安全食品，但世界上没有这样的东西。
伯克利的加里福尼亚大学生物化学系主任布鲁斯·阿密兹指出，一棵植物中多达10%的重量是天然杀虫剂。
他说：“植物没有嘴和牙齿来保护自己，它们就使用化学战。
”许多自然生成的化学物质虽然量很小，但实验室化验却证明是强致癌物——可引起癌症的物质。
如果用食品添加剂的标准来衡量，蘑菇就会被禁止食用。
康乃尔大学的营养学家克利斯蒂娜·斯达克断言：“我们从食物中获得的天然化学物质比任何人造的东西都糟糕得多。
”然而问题并不那么简单。
尽管美国人没理由害怕坐在餐桌旁，但他们完全有理由要求食物和饮水安全有明显改进。
他们不知不觉地、不情愿地吸收了大量各种各样的危险化学物。
要是食物中已经含有天然致癌物，再加上几十种新的人造致癌物就不大明智了。
虽然大多数人能抵抗食物和水里的少量污染物，但至少一天少数人会因吃喝的东西而患癌症。
为使食物和供水质量更高，政府需提高管理标准，严格检查计划并强化执行政策。
食品工业应该修改某些人们长期接受的做法，或采用危险较小的做法。
最重要的也许是消费者将不得不学习如何正确处理和烹制食物。
需要解决从田间到加工场、再到厨房的整个食品供应过程中的全部问题。
O(∩_∩)O谢谢Passage two译文有些地球现象可以预计，但有的人说磁场是个例外。
磁场的强度波动，并从轴开始移动，每隔几十万年经历一次奇异的两极转换——这期间北极变成南极，南极变成北极。
但磁场是怎么产生的？为什么如此不稳定？两位法国地球物理学家的开创性研究为揭示这一奥秘提供了一些线索。
利用80米深海沉淀物的核心，他们测出了历时400万年，11次两极转换期间的磁场强度。
2003年6月大学四级考试试题答案与详解
2003年6月大学英语四级考试试题答案与详解41. A dark suit is ____ to a light one for evening wear.A) proper B) suitable C) favorable D) preferableD)。
【译文】深色的服装比浅色的更适于晚上穿。
【解析】近义词辨析题。
Preferable后跟介词to表示“比…更好，更适合”，preferable可以表示比较意义，本句中把深、浅两种颜色相比，所以选择D)。
其他三个选项都具有“适合的”之意，但都不能用于+ to 的结构表比较。
Proper“适合的，正确的”；suitable“适合的，恰当的”；favorable + for/to sth.意思是“适合于…，有利于…”。
42. I suffered from mental ____ because of stress from my job.A) fatigue B) damage C) relief D) releaseA)。
【译文】由于工作压力，我心里很疲惫。
【解析】单词辨义题。
Fatigue意为“疲惫”；damage多指物件的物理性损坏；relief表“放松，宽慰”；release作名词时表示“发行、释放”。
选项C）和D）都与句中的工作压力逻辑意思相反。
43. You will not be ____ about your food in time of great hunger.A) particular B) special C) peculiar D)specificA)。
【译文】当你饥饿难耐时就不会对食物那么挑剔了。
【解析】搭配题。
Be particular about 为固定搭配，表示“对…挑剔，苛求”；special“特别的”；peculiar“特有的，独具的”；specific“特定的”。
44. Don’t let the child play with scissors ____ he cuts himself.A) only if B) in case C) now that D) so thatB)。
2003年考研英语阅读全文翻译
2003Text 1Wild Bill Donovan would have loved the Internet. The American spymaster who built the Office of Strategic Services in the World War and later laid the roots for the CIA was fascinated with information. Donovan believed in Ⅱusing whatever tools came to hand in the "great game" of espionage — spying as a "profession". These days the Net, which has already re-made such everyday pastimes as buying books and sending mail, is reshaping Donovan's vocation as well.The latest revolution isn't simply a matter of gentlemen reading other gentlemen's e-mail. That kind of electronic spying has been going on for decades. In the past three or four years, the World Wide Web has given birth to a whole industry of point-and-click spying. The spooks call it "open-source intelligence", and as the Net grows, it is becoming increasingly influential. In 1995 the CIA held a contest to see who could compile the most data about Burundi. The winner, by a large margin, was a tiny Virginia company called Open Source Solutions, whose clear advantage was its mastery of the electronic world. Among the firms making the biggest splash in this new world is Straitford, Inc., a private intelligence-analysis firm based in Austin, Texas. Straitford makes money by selling the results of spying (covering nations from Chile to Russia) to corporations like energy-services firm McDermott International. Many of its predictions are available online at .Straiford president George Friedman says he sees the online world as a kind of mutually reinforcing tool for both information collection and distribution, a spymaster's dream. Last week his firm was busy vacuuming up data bits from the far corners of the world and predicting a crisis in Ukraine. "As soon as that report runs, we'll suddenly get 500 new Internet sign-ups from Ukraine," says Friedman, a former political science professor. "And we'll hear back from some of them." Open-source spying does have its risks, of course, since it can be difficult to tell good information from bad. That's where Straitford earns its keep.Friedman relies on a lean staff of 20 in Austin. Several of his staff members have military-intelligence backgrounds. He sees the firm's outsider status as the key to its success. Straitford's briefs don't sound like the usual Washington back-and-forthing, whereby agencies avoid dramatic declarations on the chance they might be wrong. Straitford, says Friedman, takes pride in its independent voice.比尔·多诺汶肯定会喜欢网络。
历年6级阅读真题及翻译
历年英语六级阅读真题及翻译（2009.06-1999.01 ）2009 年6 月英语六级阅读真题Passage One：For hundreds of millions of years, turtles (海龟) have struggled out of the sea to lay their eggs on sandy beaches, long before there were nature documentaries to celebrate them, or GPS satellites and marine biologists to track them, or volunteers to hand-carry the hatchlings (幼龟) down to the water’s edge lest they become disoriented by headlights and crawl towards a motel parking lot instead. A formidable wall of bureaucracy has been erected to protect their prime nesting on the Atlantic coastlines. With all that attention paid to them, you’d think these creatures would at least have the gratitude not to go extinct. But Nature is indifferent to human notions of fairness, and a report by the Fish and Wildlife Service showed a worrisome drop in the populations of several species of North Atlantic turtles, notably loggerheads, which can grow to as much as 400 pounds. The South Florida nesting population, the largest, has declined by 50% in the last decade, according to Elizabeth Griffin, a marine biologist with the environmental group Oceana. The figures prompted Oceana to petition the government to upgrade the level of protection for the North Atlantic loggerheads from “threatened”to “endangered”—meaning they are in danger of disappearing without additional help. Which raises the obvious question: what else do these turtles want from us, anyway? It turns out, according to Griffin, that while we have done a good job of protecting the turtles for the weeks they spend on land (as egg-laying females, as eggs and as hatchlings), we have neglected the years spend in the ocean. “The threat is from commercial fishing,”says Griffin. Trawlers (which drag large nets through the water and along the ocean floor) and longline fishers (which can deploy thousands of hooks on lines that can stretch for miles) take a heavy toll on turtles. Of course, like every other environmental issue today, this is playing out against the background of global warming and human interference with natural ecosystems. The narrow strips of beach on which the turtles lay their eggs are being squeezed on one side by development and on the other by the threat of rising sea levels as the oceans warm. Ultimately we must get a handle on those issues as well, or a creature that outlived the dinosaurs (恐龙) will meet its end at the hands of humans, leaving our descendants to wonder how creature so ugly could have won so much affection.在数亿年前的时间里，海龟一直在挣扎着离开大海道海滩上产卵，时间远远遭遇自然纪录片的赞扬，或全球定位通讯卫星和海洋生物学家的追踪，又或者志愿者们用手把幼龟放在海边以避免它们受到光线的影响迷失方向，爬向汽车旅馆的停车场。
历年英语六级阅读理解逐句翻译
历年六级阅读理解逐句翻译一、There is nothing like the suggestion of a cancer risk to scare a parent, especially one of the over-educated, eco-conscious type.没有什么事情比有得癌症的迹象更让父母感到害怕的了，尤其对于受到过度教育、对生态环境敏感的那种人来说。
So you can imagine the reaction when a recent USA Today investigation of air quality around the nation’s schools singled out those in the smugly（自鸣得意的）green village of Berkeley, Calif., as being among the worst in the country.所以当《今日美国》在近期公布的一份全国范围内的学校周边空气质量调查中，把加州伯克利的绿色环保小镇列为全国最差时，你可以想象到那些自鸣得意的人的反应。
The city’s public high school, as well as a number of daycare centers, preschools, elementary and middle schools, fell in the lowest 10%. Industrial pollution in our town had supposedly turned students into living science experi ments breathing in a laboratory’s worth of heavy metals like manganese, chromium and nickel each day.该市的公立高中以及为数众多的日间看护中心、学前教育机构、小学和中学都在最差的10%之列。
2003年考研英语阅读理解真题翻译第二篇第六句
2003年考研英语阅读理解真题翻译第二篇第六句考研英语阅读和翻译是分不开的，要掌握文章主旨，理解文章内涵，必须要有一定的翻译能力，尤其是面对长难句时，模糊带过往往不能解决问题。
凯程在线带领大家逐句翻译阅读真题，希望大家能够先打好基础，攻克长难句便指日可待。
2003年第2篇第6句For example, a grandmotherly woman staffing an animal rights booth at a recent street fair was distributing a brochure that encouraged readers not to use anything that comes from or is tested in animals—no meat, no fur, no medicines.词汇：staff//v. 担任员工booth//n. 小隔间;售货摊，摊位fair//n. 集市，游乐场，展销会distribute//v. 分发，分配brochure//n. 小册子结构：For example, a grandmotherly woman staffing an animal rights booth at a recent street fair was distributing a brochure (主句，其中staffing分词短语作定语修饰woman)//that encouraged readers not to use anything (that定语从句)//that comes from or is tested in animals—no meat, no fur, no medicines(that定语从句，破折号后面是同位语，解释anything).译文：例如，在近期的一次街头集市上，一位张罗了一个动物权利宣传摊的老奶奶正在发小册子，规劝人们不要使用动物制品或者动物实验制品——包括肉类、毛皮、药物。
2003年6月大学英语四级考试试题及参考答案
Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]C) Be patient and wait. D) Inquire when the test scores are released. 7. A) She read it selectively B). She went over it chapter by chapter C). She read it slowly D) She finished it at a stretch. 8. A) He was kept in hospital for a long time. B) He was slightly injured in a traffic accident. C) He was seriously wounded in a mine explosion. D) He was fined for speeding. 9. A) Wait for a taxi. B) Buy some food. C) Go on a trip. D) Book train tickets. 10. 10. A) It A) It‘s not as hard as expected. B) It‘s too tough for some students. C) It‘s much more difficult than people think. D) It‘s believed to be the hardest optional course. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center . Passage one Question 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard. 11. 11. A) Anxious and worried. A) Anxious and worried. B) Proud and excited. C) Nervous and confused. D) Inspired and confident. 12. 12. A) His father scolded him severely. A) His father scolded him severely. B) His father took back the six dollars. C) His father made him do the cutting again. D) His father cut the leaves himself. 13. 13. A) One can benefit a lot from working with his father. A) One can benefit a lot from working with his father. B) Manual labourers shouldn‘t be looked down upon. C) One should always do his job earnestly. D) Teenagers tend to be careless. Passage T wo Questions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard. 14. 14. A) He ran a village shop. A) He ran a village shop. B) He worked on a farm. C) He worked in an advertising agency. D) He was a gardener. 15. 15. A) It was stressful. A) It was stressful. B) It was colorful. C) It was peaceful. D) It was boring. 16. 16. A) His desire to start his own business. A) His desire to start his own business. B) The crisis in his family life. C) The decline in his health. D) His dream of living in the countryside. Passage ThreeQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17. 17. A) Because there are no signs to direct them. A) Because there are no signs to direct them. B) Because no tour guides are available.C) Because all the buildings in the city look alike. D) Because the university is everywhere in the city. 18. 18. A) They set their own exams. A) They set their own exams. B) They select their own students. C) They award their own degrees. D) They organize their own laboratory work. 19. 19. A) Most of them have a long history. A) Most of them have a long history. B) Many of them are specialized libraries. C) They house more books than any other university library. D) They each have a copy of every book published in Britain.20. 20. A) V A) Very few of them are engaged in research. B) They were not awarded degrees until 1948. C) They have outnumbered male students. D) They were not treated equally until 1881. Part IIReading Comprehension (35 minutes) Direction: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B) C)and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter onthe Answer Sheet with a single line through the center .Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:On average, American kids ages 3 to 12 spent 29 hours a week in school, eight hours more than than they they they did did did in in in 1981. 1981. 1981. They They They also also also did did did more more more household household household work work work and and and participated participated participated in in in more more more of of of such such organized activities as soccer and ballet (芭蕾舞). Involvement in sports, in particular, rose almost 50% from 1981 to 1997: boys now spend an average of four hours a week playing sports; girls log half that time. All in all, h owever, children‘s leisure time dropped from 40% of the day in 1981 to 25%. ―Children are affected by the same time crunch (危机) that affects their parents,ǁ says SandraHofferth, who headed headed the the the recent recent recent study study study of children‘s of children‘s timetable. timetable. A A chief chief reason, reason, reason, she she she say say says, s, s, is is is that that more mothers are working outside the home. (Nevertheless, children in both double-income and ―male breadwinnerǁ households spent comparable mounts of time interacting with their parents,19 19 hours hours hours and and and 22 22 22 hours hours hours respectively. respectively. In In contrast, contrast, contrast, children children children spent spent spent only only only 9 9 9 hours hours hours with with with their their their single single mothers.) All work and no play could make for some very messed-up kids. ―Play is the most powerfulway way a child a child explores explores the world the world and and learns learns learns about about about himself,ǁ says T. himself,ǁ says T. Berry Berry Brazelton, Brazelton, Brazelton, professor professor professor at atHarvard Harvard Medical Medical Medical School. School. School. Unstructured Unstructured Unstructured play play play encourages encourages encourages independent independent independent thinking thinking and and allows allows allows the the young to negotiate their relationships with their peers, but kids ages 3 to 12 spent only 12 hours a week engaged in it. The The children children children sampled sampled sampled spent spent spent a a a quarter quarter quarter of of of their their their rapidly rapidly rapidly decreasing decreasing decreasing ―free ―free t imeǁ timeǁ watching television. But that, believe it or not, was one of the findings parents might regard as good news. If they‘re spending less time in front of the TV set, however, kids aren‘t replacing it with reading.Despite efforts to get kids more interested in books, the children spent just over an hour a week reading. Let‘s face it, who‘s got the time?21. By mentioning ―the same time crunch ǁ (Line 1, Para. 2) Sandra Hofferth means ________. A) children have little time to play with their parents B) children are not taken good care of by their working parents C) both parents and children suffer from lack of leisure time D) both parents and children have trouble managing their time 22. According to the author, the reason given by Sandra Hofferth for the time crunch is ______. A) quite convincing B) partially true C) totally groundless D) rather confusing 23. According to the author a child develops better if ______. A) he has plenty of time reading and studying B) he is left to play with his peers in his own way C) he has more time participating in school activities D) he is free to interact with his working parents 24. The author is concerned about the fact that American kids ______. A) are engaged in more and more structured activitiesB) are increasingly neglected by their working mothers C) are spending more and more time watching TV D) are involved less and less in household work 25. We can infer from the passage that ______. A) extracurricular activities promote children ‘s intelligence B) most children will turn to reading with TV sets switched off C) efforts to get kids interested in reading have been fruitful D) most parents believe reading to be beneficial to children Passage T wo Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:Henry Henry Ford, Ford, Ford, the the the famous famous famous U.S. U.S. U.S. inventor inventor inventor and and and car car car manufacturer, manufacturer, manufacturer, once once once said, said, said, ‗The ‗The business business of of America America is is is business.ǁ business.ǁ business.ǁ By By By this this this he he he meant meant meant that the that the U.S. way of of life life life is is is based based based on on on the the the values values values of of of the the business world. Few would argue with Ford‘s statement. A brief g l impse at a daily newspaper vividly shows limpse at a daily newspaper vividly shows how much people in the United States think about business. For example, nearly every newspaper has a business section, in which the deals and projects, finances and management, stock prices and labor problems of corporations are reported daily. In addition, business news can appear in every other section. Most national news has an important financial aspect to it. Welfare, foreign aid, the federal budget, and the policies of the Federal Reserve Bank are all heavily affected by business. Moreover, business business news news news appears appears appears in in in some some some of of of the the the unlikeliest unlikeliest unlikeliest places. places. places. The The The world world world of of of arts arts arts and and entertainment is often referred to as ―the entertainment industryǁ or ―show business.ǁThe The positive positive positive side side side of of of Henry Ford‘s Henry Ford‘s statement can be seen i n n the the the prosperity prosperity prosperity that that that business business business has has brought to U.S. life. One of the most important reasons so many people from all over the world come to live in the United States is the dream of a better job. Jobs are produced in abundance (大量地) because the U.S. economic system is driven by competition. People believe that this system creates more wealth, more jobs, and a materially better way of life. The negative side of Henry Ford‘s statement, however, can be seen when the word business istaken to mean big business. And the term big business —referring to the biggest companies, is seen in opposition to labor. Throughout U.S. history working people have had to fight hard for higher wages, wages, better working better working conditions, conditions, and and and the the the right right right to to to form form form unions. Today, unions. Today, many many of of of the the the old old old labor labor disputes disputes are are are over, over, but but there there there is is is still still some some employee employee employee anxiety. anxiety. Downsizing Downsizing——the the laying laying laying off off off of of thousands of workers to keep expenses low and profits high -- creates feelings of insecurity for many. 26. The united States is a typical country ______. A) which encourages free trade at homes and abroad B) where people ‘s chief concern is how to make money C) where all businesses are managed scientifically D) which normally works according to the federal budget 27. The influence of business in the U.S. is evidenced by the fact that ______. A) most newspapers are run by big businesses B) even public organizations concentrate on working for profits C) Americans of all professions know how to do business D) even arts and entertainment are regarded as business 28. According to the passage, immigrants choose to settle in the U.S., dreaming that ______. A) they can start profitable businesses there B) they can be more competitive in business C) they will make a fortune overnight there D) they will find better chances of employment 29. Henry Ford ‘s statements can be taken negatively because ______. A) working people are discouraged to fight for their rights B) there are many industries controlled by a few big capitalists C) there is a conflicting relationship between big corporations and labor D) public services are not run by the federal government 30. A company ‘s efforts to keep expenses low and profits high may result in ______. A) reduction in the number of employees B) improvement of working conditions C) fewer disputes between labor and management D) a rise in workers ‘ wages Passage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:Professor Smith recently persuaded 35 people, 23 of them women, to keep a diary of all their absent-minded actions for a fortnight. When he came to analyse their embarrassing lapses (差错差错) in a scientific report, he was surprised to find that nearly all of them fell into a few groupings. Nor did the lapses appear to be entirely random (随机的). One of the women, for instance, on leaving her house for work one morning threw her dog her earr earrings and tried to fix a dog biscuit on her ear. ―The explanation for this is that the brain is like a ings and tried to fix a dog biscuit on her ear. ―The explanation for this is that the brain is like a computer,ǁ explains the professor. ―People programme themselves to do certain activities regularly. It was the the woman‘s custom woman‘s custom every every morning morning morning to to to throw throw throw her her her d d og og two two two biscuits biscuits biscuits and and and then then then put put put on on on her her earrings. earrings. But But But somehow somehow somehow the the the action action action got reversed got reversed in in the the the programme.ǁ programme.ǁ About About one one one in in in twenty twenty twenty of of of the the incidents the volunteers reported were these ―programme assembly failures.ǁAltogether the volunteers logged 433 unintentional actions that they found themselves doing – an average of twelve each. There appear to be peak periods in the day when we are at our zaniest (荒谬可笑的). These are two hours some time between eight a.m. and noon, between four and six p.m. with a smaller peak be tween eight and ten p.m. ―Among men the peak seems to be when a changeover changeover in in in brain brain brain ‗programmes‘ ‗programmes‘ occurs, occurs, as as as for for for instance instance instance between between between going going going to to to and and and from from work.ǁ Women on average reported slightly more lapses – 12.5 compared with 10.9 for men – probably because they were more reliable reporters. A startling finding of the research is that the absent-minded activity is a hazard of doing things in which we are skilled. Normally, you would expect that skill reduces the number of errors we make. But trying to avoid silly slips by concentrating more could make things a lot worse – even dangerous. 31. In his study Professor Smith asked the subjects ______. A) to keep track of people who tend to forget things B) to report their embarrassing lapses at random C) to analyse their awkward experiences scientifically D) to keep a record of what they did unintentionally 32. Professor Smith discovered that ______. A) certain patterns can be identified in the recorded incidents B) many people were too embarrassed to admit their absent-mindedness C) men tend to be more absent-minded than women D) absent-mindedness is an excusable human weakness 33. ―Programme Programme assembly assembly assembly failures failures failuresǁǁ (Line (Line 6, 6, 6, Para.2) Para.2) Para.2) refers refers refers to to to the the the phenomenon phenomenon phenomenon that that people ______. A) often fail to programme their routines beforehand B) tend to make mistakes when they are in a hurry C) unconsciously change the sequence of doing things D) are likely to mess things up if they are too tired 34. We learn from the third paragraph that ______. A) absent-mindedness tends to occur during certain hours of the day B) women are very careful to perform actions during peak periods C) women experience more peak periods of absent-mindedness D) men ‘s absent-mindedness often results in funny situations 35. It can be concluded from the passage that ______. A) people should avoid doing important things during peak periods of lapses B) hazards can be avoided when people do things they are good at C) people should be careful when programming their actions D) lapses cannot always be attributed to lack of concentration Passage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:It‘s It‘s no secret no secret that that many children many children would would be be be healthier healthier healthier and and and happier with happier with adoptive adoptive parents parents parents than than with the parents that nature dealt them. That‘s especial ly true of children who remain in abusive homes bemuse the law blindly favors biological parents. It‘s also true of children who suffer for years in f oster foster homes (收养孩子的家庭收养孩子的家庭) because of parents who can‘t or won‘t care for them but refuse to give up custody (监护) rights. Fourteen-year-old Kimberly Mays fits neither description, but her recent court victory could eventually help children who do. Kimberly has been the object of an angry custody battle between the the man man man who who who raised raised raised her her her and and and her her her biological biological biological parents, with parents, with whom whom she she she has has has never never never lived. lived. lived. A A Florida judge judge ruled ruled ruled that that that the the the teenager teenager teenager can can can remain remain remain with with with the the the only only only father father father she‘s she‘s she‘s ever ever ever known known known and and and that that that her her biological parents have ―no legal claimǁ on her.The ruling, though it may yet be reversed, sets aside the principle that biology is the primary determinant of parentage. That‘s an important development, one that‘s long overdue.Shortly Shortly after after after birth birth birth in in in December December December 1978, 1978, 1978, Kimberly Kimberly Kimberly Mays Mays Mays and and and another another another infant infant infant were mistakenly were mistakenly switched and sent home with the wrong parents. Kimberly‘s biological parents, Ernest and ReginaTwigg, received a child who died of a heart disease in 1988. Medical tests showed that the childwasn‘t the Twiggs‘ own daughter, b ut Kimberly was, thus sparking a custody battle with Robert Mays. In 1989, the two families agreed that Mr. Mays would maintain custody with the Twiggs getting visiting rights. Those rights were ended when Mr. Mays decided that Kimberly was being harmed. The decision to leave Kimberly with Mr. Mays rendered her suit debated. But the judge made clear that Kimberly did have standing to sue (起诉起诉) on her own behalf. Thus he made clear that she was more than just property to be handled as adults saw fit. Certainly, the biological link between parent and child is fundamental. But biological parents aren‘t always preferable to adoptive ones, and biological parentage does not convey an absolute ownership that cancels all the rights of children. 36. What was the primary consideration in the Florida judge ‘s ruling? A) The biological link. B) The child ‘s benefits. C) The traditional practice. D) The parents ‘ feelings. 37. We can learn from the Kimberly case that ______. A) children are more than just personal possessions of their parents B) the biological link between parents and child should be emphasizedC) foster homes bring children more pain and suffering than care D) biological parents shouldn ‘t claim custody rights after their child is adopted 38. The Twiggs claimed custody rights to Kimberly because ______. A) they found her unhappy in Mr. Mays ‘ custody B) they regarded her as their property C) they were her biological parents D) they felt guilty about their past mistake 39. Kimberly had been given to Mr. Mays ________. A) by sheer accident B) out of charity C) at his request D) for better care 40. The author ‘s attitude towards the judge ‘s ruling could be described as ______. A) doubtful B) critical C) cautious D) supportive Part III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)Directions: There are 3.0. incomplete sentences in this For part. For eacheach sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line throughthe center .41. 41. She ______ her trip to New Y She ______ her trip to New York because she was ill. A) called off B) closed down C) put up D) went off 42. 42. ______ the storm, the ship would have reached its destination on time.______ the storm, the ship would have reached its destination on time.A) But for B) In case of C) In spite of D) Because of 43. 43. We should concentrate on sharply reducing interest rates to pull the economy out of ______. We should concentrate on sharply reducing interest rates to pull the economy out of ______. A) rejection B) restriction C) retreat D) recession 44. 44. The ______ of finding gold in California attracted a lot of people to settle down there. The ______ of finding gold in California attracted a lot of people to settle down there. A) prospects B) speculations C) stakes D) provisions 45 I suffered from mental ______ because of stress from my job. A) damage B) release C) relief D) fatigue 46. 46. The rest of the day was entirely at his ______ for reading or recreation. The rest of the day was entirely at his ______ for reading or recreation. A) dismissal B) survival C) disposal D) arrival 47. 47. Y Y ou will not be ______ about your food in time of great hunger. A) special B) particular C) peculiar D) specific 48. 48. Crime is increasing worldwide, and there is every reason to believe the ______ w Crime is increasing worldwide, and there is every reason to believe the ______ will continue into the next decade. A) emergency B) trend C) pace D) schedule 49. 49. Y Y ou shouldn‘t have written in the ______ since the book belongs to the library. A) interval B) border C) margin D) edge 50. 50. The ______ of airplane engines announced a coming air raid. The ______ of airplane engines announced a coming air raid. A) roar B) exclamation C) whistle D) scream 51. 51. This ticket ______ you to a free boat tour on the lake. This ticket ______ you to a free boat tour on the lake. A) entitles B) appoints C) grants D) credits 52. 52. This is the nurse who ______ to me when I was ill in hospital.This is the nurse who ______ to me when I was ill in hospital.A) accompanied B) attended C) entertained D) shielded 53. 53. I was about to ______ a match when I remembered Tom I was about to ______ a match when I remembered Tom‘s warning. A) rub B) hit C) scrape D) strike 54. 54. The advertisement says this material doesn The advertisement says this material doesn‘t ______ in the wash, but it has. A) contract B) shrink C) slim D) dissolve 55. 55. He was proud of being chosen to participate in the game and he ______ us that he would try He was proud of being chosen to participate in the game and he ______ us that he would try as hard as possible. A) insured B) guaranteed C) assumed D) assured 56. 56. Not only the professionals but also the amateurs will ______ from the new training facilities. Not only the professionals but also the amateurs will ______ from the new training facilities. A) derive B) acquire C) benefit D) reward 57. 57. The work was almost complete when we received orders to ______ no further with it. The work was almost complete when we received orders to ______ no further with it. A) progress B) proceed C) march D) promote 58. 58. I waited for him half an hour, but he never ______. I waited for him half an hour, but he never ______. A) turned in B) turned down C) turned off D) turned up 59. 59. A A house with a dangerous gas ______ can be broken into immediately.A) leak B) split C) mess D) crack 60. 60. A A dark suit is ______ to a light one for evening wear. A) favourable B) suitable C) preferable D) proper 61. 61. It was in the United States that I made the ______ of professor Jones. It was in the United States that I made the ______ of professor Jones. A) acknowledgement B) acquaintance C) recognition D) association 62. 62. Could you take a ______ sheet of paper and write your name at the top? Could you take a ______ sheet of paper and write your name at the top? A) bare B) vacant C) hollow D) blank 63. 63. A A culture in which the citizens share similar religious beliefs and values is more likely to have laws that represent the wishes of its people than is a culture where citizens come from ______ backgrounds. A) extensive B) influential C) diverse D) identical 64. 64. Areas where students have particular difficulty have been treated ______ particular care. Areas where students have particular difficulty have been treated ______ particular care. A) by B) in C) under D) with 65. 65. He gave a ______ to handle the affairs in a friendly manner. He gave a ______ to handle the affairs in a friendly manner. A) pledge B) mission C) plunge D) motion 66. 66. Don Don Don‘‘t let the child play with scissors ______ he cuts himself. A) in case B) so that C) now that D) only if 67. 67. ______ ______ ______ the the the danger danger danger from from from enemy enemy enemy action, action, action, people people people had had had to cope with to cope with a severe shortage a severe shortage o f food, of food, clothing, fuel, and almost everything. A) As far as B) As long as C) As well as D) As soon as 68. 68. Many people lost their jobs during the business ______. Many people lost their jobs during the business ______. A) desperation B) decrease C) despair D) depression 69. 69. Whenever a big company ______ a small one, the product almost always gets worse. Whenever a big company ______ a small one, the product almost always gets worse. A) gets on with B) cuts down C) takes over D) puts up with 70. 70. Mr. Smith was the only witness who said that the fire was ______. Mr. Smith was the only witness who said that the fire was ______. A) mature B) deliberate C) meaningful D) innocent Part IV Short Answer Questions (15 minutes)Directions: In this part there is a short passage with 8 questions or incomplete statements.Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statementsin fewest the fewest possible possible words. Write your answers in the spaces provided on theright of the page.What personal qualities are desirable in a teacher? I think the following would be generally accepted. First, the teacher‘s personality should be lively and attractive. This does not rule o ut people who are plain-looking, or even ugly, because many such people have great personal charm. But it does rule out such types as the over-excitable, sad, cold, and frustrated. Secondly, it is not merely desirable but essential for a teacher to have a genuine capacity for sympathy, a capacity to understand the minds and feelings of other people, especially, since most teachers teachers are are are school school school teachers, teachers, teachers, the the the minds minds minds and feelings and feelings of children. Closely Closely related related related with with with this this this is is is the the capacity to be tolerant – not, indeed, of what is wrong, but of the weaknesses and immaturity of human nature which induce (诱导) people, and again especially children, to make mistakes. Thirdly, Thirdly, I I I hold hold hold it it it essential essential essential for for for a a a teacher teacher teacher to to to be be be both both both intellectually intellectually intellectually and and and morally morally morally honest. honest. honest. This This means means that that that he will he will be be aware aware aware of of of his his his intellectual intellectual intellectual strengths strengths strengths and and and limitations, limitations, limitations, and will and will have have thought thought about about and and and decided decided decided upon upon upon the the the moral moral moral principles principles principles by by by which which which his his his life life life shall shall shall be be be guided. guided. guided. There There There is is is no no contradiction in my going on to say that a teacher should be a bit of an actor. That is part of the technique of teaching, which demands that every now and then a teacher should be able to put on an act – to enliven (使生动) a lesson, correct a fault, or award praise. Children, especially young children, live in a world that is rather larger than life. A teacher teacher must must must be be be capable capable capable of of of infinite infinite infinite patience. patience. patience. This, This, This, I I I may may may say, say, say, is is is largely largely largely a a a matter matter matter of of self-discipline and self-training, for we are none of us born like that. Finally, I think a teacher should have the kind of mind which always wants to go on learning. Teaching Teaching is is is a a a job job job at which at which one will never never be be be perfect; perfect; perfect; there there there is is is always always always something something something more to more to learn about it. There are three principal objects of study: the subjects which the teacher is teaching; the methods methods by which by which the the subjects subjects subjects can can can best best best be be be taught taught taught to to to the the the particular particular particular pupils pupils pupils in in in the the the classes classes classes he he he is is teaching; teaching; and and and g g g by by by far far far the the the most most most important important important -- -- -- the children, the children, young young people, people, people, or or or adults adults adults to whom to whom the subjects subjects are are are to to to be be be taught. taught. taught. The The The two two two fundamental fundamental fundamental principles principles principles of of of British British British education education education today today today are are are that that education education is is is education education education of of of the whole the whole person, person, and and and that that that it it it is is is best best best acquired acquired acquired through through through full full full and and and active active co-operation between two persons, the teacher and the learner. S1. Plain-looking teachers can also be admired by their students if they have _________. __________________________________________________________________ S2. The author says it is _________that teachers be sympathetic with their students. __________________________________________________________________ S3. A teacher should be tolerant because humans tend to have S3(1) _________and to be S3(2) _________. (1)________________________________________________________________ (2)________________________________________________________________ S4. A teacher who is _________will be able to make his lessons more lively.__________________________________________________________________ S5. How can a teacher acquire infinite patience? __________________________________________________________________ S6. Since teaching is a job no one can be perfect at, it is necessary for teachers to keep improving their knowledge of the subjects they teach and their _________. __________________________________________________________________ S7. Teachers Teachers‘‘ most important object of study is _________. 。
2003年6月大学英语六级真题及答案
2003年6月大学英语六级真题及答案参考答案：CABBCFor parents who send their kids off to college saying, “These will be the best years of your life,” it would be very appropriate to add, “If you can handle the stress of college life.”Freshmen are showing up already stressed out, according to the latest CIRP Freshman Survey that reported students’emotional health levels at their lowest since the survey started in 1985. While in school, more students are working part-time and near-full-time jobs. At graduation, only 29 percent of seniors have jobs lined up.Pressure to excel often creates stress, and many students are not learning how to effectively handle this stress.1、 Stress can make smart people do stupid things: Stress causes what brain researchers call “cortical inhibition.” In simple terms, stress inhibits a part of the brain responsible for decision-making and reaction time and can adversely affect other mental abilities as well.2、 The human body doesn’t discriminate between a big stressful event and a little one: Any stressful experiencewill create a cascade of 1,400 biochemical events in your body. If any amount of stress is left unchecked, many things can occur within the body, including premature aging, impaired cognitive function and energy drain.3、Stress can become your new norm: When you regularly experience negative feelings and high amounts of stress, your brain recognizes this as your normal state. This then becomes the new norm, or baseline for your emotional state.4、 Stress can be controlled: Countless studies demonstrate that people can restructure their emotional stateusing emotion-refocusing techniques. These techniques help you recognize how you are feeling and shift to a more positive emotional, mental and physical state.5、 Stress less by loving what you study: Barbara Frederickson, a leading international authority on the importance of positive emotions, says humans aregenetically programmed to seek positive emotions such as love and joy. It’s suggested to choose a major or career path you love and enjoy. Otherwise, you could end up fighting against your own biology.。
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洛基英语，中国在线英语教育领导品牌
2003年6月六级试题译文
Passage One
译文
在英国乡间的小村子里还有人记得那些不用想着锁门的美好的老日子。
那时根本不用担心犯罪。
令人惊奇的是，这些幸福的时光似乎还在世界最大的社团里与我们同在。
一个天才的程序员，丹·法穆用他自称为“撒旦”的自动调查程序所做的一项最新研究表明，万维网一半多的主人建立了不上锁的家。
“撒旦”不用真正闯入就可以试验因特网上黑客的许多臭名昭著的伎俩。
法穆把他的程序公开化，使每个人都能得到，这种做法招致了许多批评。
居心不良的人可以用它猎取容易闯入行窃的网站。
但是，法穆关心的是，有必要提醒公众注意网络并非安全，到目前为止，事实证明他是对的。
与其说“撒旦”制造了新的混乱，倒不如说它警告人们要注意安全。
所以，网络是否越来越安全?远非如此。
在早期，当你浏览网站的时候，你的浏览器只注意内容。
现在，网络充斥着一些小的程序，当你浏览网页的时候，这些程序会自动下载，然后在你个人的电脑上运行。
如果编程者有意，这些程序就会对你的电脑进行各种各样的破坏。
同时，网络中出现了越来越多的蜘蛛、虫子、间谍和其他的一些自动化的动物，它们被预先指定闯入网站，对信息进行查找和分类。
所有这些都为那些想进攻弱小的网站并对其造成伤害的反社会的人提供了绝妙的工具。
但是，让我们来看一看光明的一面。
如果没有锁，因特网当然是世界上最大的(极端的)没有犯罪的社会。
也许，那是因为黑客们从根本上是诚实的。
或者，当今没有什么东西好偷。
或者，除非你对某一个人有特殊的仇恨，恶意破坏并不是什么好玩的事。
不管是什么原因，让我们在还能享受的时候尽情享受吧。
然而，当网络上最有影响力的居民们想出售他们的服务并想要收费时，希望一切会有所改变，那时安全将变成头等重要的事情。
Passage Two
译文
当我离开多年教学的学院和大学时，我坚信扮演角色、表演、改编剧本等都是最成功的教学方式。
学生们必须尽可能地被编入或组织到整个教学过程中，成为其中有机的一部分。
在大多数的学者看来，认为学习必须包括玩耍并对其进行鼓励的理念近乎愚蠢，但这是事实。
曾经是Ezekiel Cheever, 这个马塞诸州海湾殖民地最著名的校长的学生，Cotton Mather 写到，他备的课程能让学生们感觉“上学就像玩一样”，过了大约三百年，Alfred North Whitehead 注意到一个教师必须使他/她的学生“高兴上学”。
由于我们知道在典型的大学里有百分之八十至九十的教学是通过讲座的方式进行的，因此，我们必须给予这样的教育形式以足够的重视。
我认为Patricia
Nelson Limerick 的观察是很有道理的，即“讲演是一种不合情理的行为，上帝并没有要人去做这一种活动。
一个人时不时地有一种想说话的冲动，并且在他说的时候，别的人保持沉默，这是很正常的。
但是，经常这样，每次75分钟……一个人讲，而别的人都沉默地坐在那里?……我不相信这就是造物主……要我们人类所做的。
”
一个很奇怪、几乎让人不能理解的事实是：大多数教授，正如他们认为必须枯燥地写作一样，他们认为必须枯燥地讲课。
如果表现过于热情，将会有不科学、欠客观之嫌;热情只是吸引学生的情感，而不是他们智力。
所以，理想的讲课应充满事实，并且用不变的语调念出来。
当然，对枯燥讲课的崇拜，像崇拜枯燥写作一样，可以追溯到社会教授Edward Shils 年轻时在宾西法尼亚大学读书的时候，当时的教授就是这样上课的。
他看起来像“一个牧师，尽管才能各有千秋，但穿着非常统一;他从来不谈私事。
有些教授照本宣科，然后结结巴巴地讲解被翻烂了的最后的几行。
另一些则用卡片上课，从磨损的边角就可以判断这些卡片已经用了多年……老师们按时上课，准时下课，离开教室时不会对学生多说一个字，也很少被学生的问题留住。
班级通常不大，然而，没有课堂讨论。
上课时从来不提问，课后也没有答疑的时间。
”
Passage Three
译文
就拿公立教育来说。
学校面对的主要困难是学生人数的急剧增长。
这种状况的形成主要是由于就业的法定年龄提高了，并且即使到了法定年龄也很难找到工作。
由于这些技术的进步，企业在未来的将比以前需要更少的工人。
结果必须是进一步提高就业的法定年龄，以及达到法定工作年龄后就业更加困难。
如果我们不能让孩子们工作，那么，我们必须让他们上学。
我们同样相信目前缩短日工作时数和周工作时数的趋势将持续下去。
我们已经有了，并且将继续保有一个新的休闲阶层。
自从经济萧条开始以来，成人公立教育机构就被迅速蔓延的萧条浪潮所淹没。
萧条过后，他们的状况可能会好一点。
他们的支持必须来自纳税人。
当然，我们不能过多地期望公立教育经费的提高都由地方各界来负担。
他们对当前限制的、不完善的制度无能为力。
地方各界解决不了失业的问题。
他们不可能如我们所期望的那样来解决公立教育问题。
解决失业的办法是联邦救济金。
解决公立教育问题的办法也只能靠联邦拨款，并且，应该是这样。
如果说有这么一件事情全国各地的居民都感兴趣的话，那么，这件事情就是全国各地居民都能接受良好的教育。
现在，我们所得税的一部分被用来维持我们邻居(失业者)的生活。
有一部分也可能会被用来使我们的邻居(失业者)变得更聪明。
我们现在想通过联邦贫民救济金来保存我们这一代人。
只有当一个民族决心毁掉下一代的时候，他才会拒绝拨给公立教育所需要的联邦经费。
Passage Four
译文
正在海德堡大学应用物理系研制中的一种新型的高性能隐形眼镜片将不仅矫正普通的视力，而且可以把正常的夜视能力提高五倍。
使人的视力比猫的视力还好。
比尔和他的科研小组使用一种被称之为灵敏的光学仪器——一种用于观测新发现的星体以及很远的银河系的天文望远镜的装置。
铝镜连接着一个波前传感
器，他可跟踪和测量进出眼睛的激光束的光程。
这个铝镜可以发现角膜的缺陷以及覆盖在眼睛晶状体上透明保护层的病变。
比尔希望，从这两种仪器上得到的高精确的数据有一天将出现在全世界的眼睛商那里——被用来制造复杂的、个性化的眼镜片，以矫正和提高佩戴者的视力。
到那一天，比尔的隐形眼镜片将把光线精确地聚焦在视网膜上，从而使一片小树叶的图像或远处一棵大树的轮廓的清晰度都能超出传统眼镜的近半个屈光度。
在夜晚，这样的镜片还有更大的作用。
“因为新的镜片——与传统的镜片不同的是——在黑暗处它仍能工作，并且，眼睛瞳孔是放大的，”比尔说，“戴镜者能看清100米外的脸部”——比原先远了80米。
在他的实验中，夜视能力甚至有了更大的提高：在半黑暗的状态下，受试者的视力比没戴眼镜时提高了15倍。
比尔的眼睛希望在2000年上市，初步计划是利用因特网把患者的视力缺陷信息从眼镜商传到制造商，然后，制造商在两三天内制作好并将其寄出。
物理学家希望这样的镜片的价格大约在一副一美元左右，相当于传统的一次性镜片的价格。
Part IV Error Correction
译文
西雅图时报公司是一家认识到需要改革并已着手进行改革的报业公司。
在报业界，报纸必须反映接受他们信息的公众的多样性。
他们必须通过他们新闻的覆盖面来反映这种多样性，否则他们就要冒失去读者兴趣并失去广告商赞助的风险。
西雅图有的少数民族占百分之二十。
在这里办报，报纸必须制定政策和程序来雇用并保持多样化雇员的多样性。
这种变化的深层根据是：要使信息公正、适当、客观、就必须由读这些信息的人们来进行报道。
由记者、编辑和摄影记者组成的多样化委员会定期开会对《西雅图时报》的内容进行评估，并对新闻编辑室的其他人员进行关于多样化问题的教育。
此外，报纸还开始了内容审查、对妇女和有色人群在图片中的出现频率和反映的方式进行评估。
早些时候进行的审查表明少数民族的图片刊登太少而且负面报道太多。
通过审查，对少数民族报道的频率和对他们的中性或正面的反映都有了改进。
结果《西雅图时报》作为报纸得到了改进。
多样性的培训和内容审查帮助西雅图时报公司获得了《人事杂志》的杰出管理改革OPTIMAS奖。
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