AS4420-1_1996_WindowsTest_Test sample
winAMS使用手册(中文版详细版本测试工具)
覆盖大师使用指导一、介绍我们十分感谢你对GAIO单元测试工具CoverageMaster-winAMS的兴趣爱好。
CoverageMaster-winAMS是一种对嵌入式软件进行评估和改善的单元测试工具。
这个试用指导包括为初次使用者制定的练习习题。
跟着指导完成练习,使用者会对CoverageMaster-winAMS的基本使用和特点有一个了解。
覆盖大师概述在开始练习之前,首先会出现一个关于覆盖大师的特点及操作的解释。
1、嵌入式软件单元测试工具CoverageMaster-winAMS是一个嵌入式软件单元测试工具。
它通过使用一个MPU仿真器(系统仿真器)执行软件代码(功能)来执行测试。
MPU仿真器(系统仿真器)通过启动实际交叉编译的MPU代码(对象代码)来操作运行。
由于实际目标代码是在仿真环境中使用,它有可能依据目标微处理器去核实项目行为和检查错误。
2、CoverageMaster-winAMS包含以下组件:SSTManager:管理单元测试操作的基本UI应用。
System-G:MPU仿真器(系统仿真器)包括对多种MPU的支持。
WinAMS:单元测试仿真器。
除了这些项目之外,准备测试源文件需要一个交叉编译或者集成开发环境(IDE)。
二、为测试I/O使用CSV格式的文件为了保证正确率的同时提高单元测试的效率CoverageMaster-winAMS在仿真过程中使用CSV格式文件。
单独单元测试设置,以及变量和根函数的输入输出数据都保存在CSV文件中。
因此,使用CSV文件让目标源代码中不必一定包含专用测试代码或者输入数据。
下面的图片阐明了CoverageMaster-winAMS单元测试的流程。
首先,交叉编译代码被加载到MPU仿真器。
代码必须附上可执行对象代码(被拆开的中间级对象代码不能被使用)下一步,为了测试基础函数(如上文所示)生成一个CSV文件。
文件里有函数信息类似函数名称,输入变量,输出变量,测试条件,以及测试数据(测试容器)。
Comparison Different Between With AS 4420 and AS-NZS 4284
200 Pa Positive / negative pressure up to WULS is applied and held for 10 seconds. Not Request
7
ULS Seismic Racking Test
Not Request
8
9
10
2
Structural Test at Serviceabi43;/-100% of the WSLS Wind Pressure is applied as follows:)
3
Air Infiltration Test Water Penetration Test under Static Pressure(WSLS) Structural Proof Test at Ultimate Limit State Wind Pressure (W ULS) Water Penetration Test - Cyclic
4 5 6
300 Pa or 0.3Ws Positive / negative pressure up to WULS is applied and held for 10 seconds. (a) Stage 1 .......0.15 × Ws to 0.3 × Ws. (b) Stage 2 ....... 0.2 × Ws to 0.4 × Ws. (c) Stage 3 ...... 0.3 × Ws to 0.6 × Ws. The maximum movement created by these jacks shall be±40 mm.
Different Between Standard AS/NZS 4284 & AS 4420
化学品安全技术说明MSDS-亚硫酸氢钠(中英文对照版本)
5.3.5 Sodium Bisulfite1) Chemical Product and Company IdentificationMSDS Name:Sodium Sulfite, AnhydrousCatalog Numbers:S80195, 1MSS44-20,1MSS4420, BP355 500,BP355-500, BP355500, S430 10, S430 3, S430 500,S430-10, S430-3, S430—500, S43010,S4303,S430500,S447 3,S447 500,S447—3, S447-500, S4473, S447500 Synonyms:Sulfurous acid, disodium saltRisk Phrases: 22 36/37/383)Hazards IdentificationEMERGENCY OVERVIEWAppearance: white. Air sensitive. Moisture sensitive。
Warning!Causes eye and skin irritation. May cause digestive tract irritation. Causes respiratory tract irritation。
May be harmful if swallowed.Target Organs:Central nervous system。
Potential Health EffectsEye:Causes eye irritation. May cause chemical conjunctivitis。
Skin: Causes skin irritation.Ingestion:May cause gastrointestinal irritation with nausea, vomiting and diarrhea。
GL's Voice Quality Testing (VQT) Software说明书
818 West Diamond Avenue - Third Floor, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, U.S.A Voice Quality Testing (VQT)(PESQ, POLQA v2.4, POLQA v3.0) OverviewGL's Voice Quality Testing (VQT) software supports the next -generation voice quality testing standard for fixed, mobile and IP -based networks using POLQA v2.4 and v3 (ITU -T P.863), PESQ (ITU -T P.862), PESQ LQ / LQO (P.862.1), and PESQ WB (P.862.2).The VQT fully supports analysis using POLQA ITU version 2.4 algorithm for NB (8000 sampling), WB (16000 sampling), and SWB (Super Wideband) (48000 sampling) in both manual and automated testing. It also supports analysis using latest PESQ ITU release including ITU -T P.862, 862.1 and 862.2 (supports PESQ, PESQ LQ, PESQ LQO, PESQ WB). The optional POLQA v3 (latest version of the POLQA algorithm) supports Full Band Audio Analysis which provides improved scoring for mobile based VoLTE, 5G and OTT applications using EVS and OPUS codecs. This latest POLQA v3 includes analysis which is more sensitive to distortions across the entire audio spectrum. In addition, POLQA v3 supports less harsh analysis of micropauses within the speech, reacts with less sensitivity to linear frequency distortions, and includes a significantly improved and streamlined perceptual model.The VQT software can work either independently, or in conjunction with VQuad ™- Dual UTA HD , or in conjunction with VQuad ™ Probe HD.VQT performs PESQ LQ/LQO/WB, and POLQA (NB, WB, SWB) simultaneously, using two voice files (Reference File and Degraded File) and provides the algorithm results in both a graphical and tabular format. Additional analytical results are displayed as part of the assessment such as MOS, E -Model, Signal Level, SNR, jitter, clipping, noise level, and delay (end to end as well as per speech utterance). All results are saved to file and database for post processing viewing along with sophisticated searching on the results within the VQT application and using the WebViewer ™ (remote and local access).For more details, visit Voice Quality Testing (VQT) Software webpage.POLQA® is a registered trademark of OPTICOM. GL is one of the Test & Measurement manufacturers that has adopted POLQA/P.863 in its Voice Quali-ty Test solution, by obtaining the essential rights to use POLQA® standard, and hereby acknowledge that the images or text references to POLQA used in this document originally copyrights with Opticom.Features• Voice Quality Testing (VQT) using POLQA ver 2.4 (ITU-T P.863), upgraded POLQA ver 3 (ITU-T P.863), and PESQ (ITU-T P.862)• Updates associated with POLQA v3 include redesign perceptual model for Full Band Audio analysis which is validated for VoLTE, 5G and OTT apps (supporting EVS and OPUS codecs)• Provides Active Speech and Noise Levels, Latency, Jitter, Clipping, and Power measurements• Manual or Auto modes of operations with centralized data access• Testing the voice quality over all types of telecom networks - Wireless, VoIP, TDM, and PSTN• Measure the effect of Packet Jitter in VoIP Network• Analyze the Effects of Codec Compression in Wireless Networks• Automatic mode allows the GL’s VQT to execute on a network system• VQT CLI or API is enhanced to fully support both Windows® and Linux for remote operations• Support for Central DB Primary & Secondary IP addresses configuration for backup and redundancy• Remote monitoring with result query and real-time statistics using web based WebViewer™• Real-time mapping of results with GPS option used in conjunction with VQuad™• Full support for IPv6 as well as IPv4 (includes VQT, GL Listener, and VQTCLI)• Enhanced to support Python scripting for Automation and Remote Access of Voice Quality Testing• Playback and display of audio from within VQT software using Goldwave softwarePOLQA v3 Upgrade Enhancements• POLQA v3 Super Wideband (SWB) supports 14kHz to full audio bandwidth up to 24kHz.• Full band analysis improves accuracy in assessment of codecs such as EVS, OPUS, AAC and LC3, as these codecs are used in many OTT applications• With Full band support the discriminative power of POLQA at the upper high quality range of the MOS scale is increased • Current OTT voice services using VoLTE/5G include highly dynamic delay jitter which leads to variations of the duration of very short pauses during speech. POLQA v3 handles these variations with increased precision• POLQA v3 reacts with less sensitivity to linear frequency distortions than POLQA v2.4. This makes measurements less dependent on the frequency characteristics of headsets• Perceptual model of POLQA v3 is significantly improved and streamlinedModes of OperationManual MeasurementThe GL VQT software provides a user-friendly interface to perform manual voice quality assessments using Reference File and Degraded File. The results of the VQT algorithms, POLQA, PESQ LQ/LQO/WB are displayed both in tabular format as well as graphically. All results may be saved to file for post processing viewing along with sophisticated searching on the results within the VQT application.Auto MeasurementVQT can be executed in Auto Mode, which is used when VQT resides on a network computer and point to a single or multiple user-specified network drives/directories. Voice files are recorded to this network drive/directory and GL VQT automatically performs the voice quality algorithms and displays the results. Multiple GL VQT Auto-Measurement sessions may be configured, each session with a unique set of requirements and a unique reference voice file. In addition, it includes an option to analyze 12-bit degraded files in comparison with 16-bit reference files (NB, WB, SWB POLQA). Along with the standard sampling rates, POLQA also supports user-specified Sampling Rate (between 8K to 48K).The user may configure a Rating Criteria for all VQT algorithms as well as the additional analytical results. The rating criteria may be configured for Excellent, Good, Fair, and Poor and the results of the rating criteria may be saved to file for post processing viewing.VQT System statistics provides Algorithm and Rating statistics available for all measurement results.VQT Results Analytical results are displayed as part of the assessment such as POLQA/PESQ MOS, E -Model, Signal Level, SNR, jitter, clipping, noise level, and delay (end -to -end as well as per speech utterance).Voice Quality Testing (PESQ)PESQ provides an objective measure that predicts the results of subjective listening tests on telephony systems. PESQ incorporates many new developments that distinguish it from earlier models for assessing codecs. These innovations allow PESQ to be used with confidence to assess end-to-end speech quality as well as the effect of such individual elements as codecs. The below figure shows VQT PESQ Measurement Results.• VQT PESQ supports analysis of 16-bit uncompressed PCM and WAV files, including NB (8000 sampling) and WB (16000 sampling)• VQT PESQ supports analysis of 8-bit compressed a-Law and mu-Law files• PESQ analysis results include PESQ, PESQ LQ, PESQ LQO, PESQ WB, PESQ Ie, and PESQ per Utterance• PESQ Results also include Signal Level, Noise Level, Delay, Delay per Utterance, and Jitter• Playback and display of audio from within VQT software using Goldwave SoftwarePerceptual Objective Listening Quality Analysis (POLQA), the successor of PESQ (ITU-T P.862) analysis, is the next generation voice quality testing standard for fixed, mobile and IP-based networks. Based on ITU-T P.863 standard, POLQA supports the HD-quality speech coding and network transport technology, with higher accuracy for 3G, 4G/LTE and VoIP networks. Upgrading to 3rd edition of ITU-T P.863, POLQA extends its scope and applicability towards 5G telephony and OTT codecs. The below figure shows VQT POLQA Measurement Results.• VQT POLQA supports analysis of 16-bit uncompressed PCM and WAV files, including NB (8000 sampling), WB (16000 sampling), SWB (48000 sampling)• POLQA supports user-specified Sampling Rate (specify any rate between 8K to 48K)• VQT POLQA supports analysis of 8-bit compressed a-Law and mu-Law files• VQT POLQA supports 12-bit Raw PCM Degraded voice files (NB, WB, SWB)• POLQA analysis results include POLQA MOS, E-Model R-Factor, Signal Level, Noise Level, Delay, and Jitter• VQT optionally supports POLQA v3 for VoLTE, 5G and OTT analysis• Playback and display of audio from within VQT software using Goldwave softwareGL's Voice Quality Test (VQT) POLQA Auto™ is an advanced, automated solution that analyzes thousands of voice files in mere minutes, effectively evaluating the quality of voice communications across various networks, including VoIP, Mobile, and PSTN. This solution utilizes the Perceptual Objective Listening Quality Assessment (POLQA per ITU-T P.863 version 2.4) algorithm, which is widely acknowledged as the industry benchmark for assessing voice quality. The GL VQT POLQA Auto™ application works in conjunction with GL's VQuad™, vMobile™, Voice Analysis Tool (VAT™), Message Automation and Protocol Simulation (MAPS™), orT1/E1 Analysis platforms reducing analysis time and increasing efficiency.The VQT POLQA Auto™ fully supports analysis using POLQA ITU version 2.4 algorithm for Narrowband (NB 8000 sampling), Wideband (WB 16000 sampling), and Super Wideband (SWB 48000 sampling) in automated testing. The tool offers a user friendly interface for automatic operation and generates comprehensive reports that provide detailed information on voice quality metrics such as Mean Opinion Score (MOS), Delay, Jitter, Packet Loss and more. These reports help user to identify issues to improve voice quality. The tool supports a wide range of codecs, including G.711, G.722, AMR, and EVS, making it suitable for testing various types of voice communication.• Analyze thousands of bulk PCM voice files in mere minutes• The Auto Test feature allows immediate analysis of files according to the configured settings upon invocation of the application • Uses POLQA version 2.4 (ITU-T P.863) algorithm for voice quality testing supporting NB 8000 samples, WB (16000 samples) and SWB (8000 samples)• Supports the installation of server software on Windows® PC and the client software on Windows®/Linux® platforms• VQT POLQA Auto™ analysis results include:− POLQA MOS− E-Model R-Factor− Signal Level− Noise Level− Delay (requires simultaneous Send and Record of the voice files)− Jitter− ClippingVQT WebViewer™The results/events associated with VQT (PESQ, POLQA) analysis is sent to the central database and can be queried using the GL VQT WebViewer™ (web browser). Outputs of the query can be displayed in tabular or graphical format while also output to Excel or Text. Results can also be plotted on Google Maps (GPS connectivity is required). For details, visit https:///web-based-client-for-voice-and-data-quality-testing.html webpage. The below figure shows VQT Results plotted on Google Map.• Real-time mapping of results with GPS option used in conjunction with VQuad™• The results can be accessed remotely from a database, queried and displayed in web browser using WebViewer™ either in tabular or graphic formatVQuad™ POLQA EventsAs an option, POLQA can be added directly to VQuad™ software with support for automated testing within the VQuad™ script. In this scenario the degraded voice files remain at the VQuad™ node for analysis and display within the VQuad™ software. The below figure shows VQuad™ POLQA Events.VQT Command Line InterfaceThe VQT Command Line Interface (CLI) is designed to remotely access various application functionalities and thus controlling VQT nodes located at various destinations. The supporting commands helps the VQT users to run the application installed on remote PC, get the connection status, run the analysis, load Auto Measurement configuration, start/stop Auto Measurement, save events captured to file, transfer the events captured to client, get any file from server or even get latest log, and other operations. The VQT CLI is supported on Windows® and Linux systems .VQT with Python APIThe VQT Python libraries provide a range of Python functions which can be used to remotely or locally control these two applications. The VQT library can be used to run automatic and manual VQT tests with custom settings.Python for VQT works by connecting to the existing VQT CLI and using a portion of the CLI commands to run manual and automated VQT tests. Class variables are linked to the settings for each test and can be changed easily.Main Features• Python scripts support accessing and VQT functionalities remotely• Controls VQT nodes located at various destinations• Automation with enhanced Python scripting and remote operation includes traffic generation, call control, and automated scheduling of operationFor complete details, refer to Command Line Interface for remote access webpage.Page 11Buyer’s GuideFor more details, visit Voice Quality Testing (VQT) Software webpage.818 West Diamond Avenue - Third Floor, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, U.S.A---01。
VigorACS 2 Quick Start Guide
V i g o r A C S2U n i f i e d M a n a g e m e n t S y s t e mManual Version: 1.0Software Version: V2.3.1Date: August 17, 2018Table of Contents1. Platform for Windows 7 or 10 (5)1.1 Installation for Java (5)1.2 Installation for MariaDB (9)1.3 Installation for VigorACS 2 (14)1.4 StartMySQL/MariaDB Databse (23)1.5 Start VigorACS (23)2. Platform for Linux (25)2.1 Installation for MariaDB, Java and VigorACS (25)2.2 Start MySQL/MariaDB Databse (31)2.3 Start VigorACS (31)2.4 Edit VigorACS IP (31)3. Registering VigorACS 2 (32)3.1 Registration for VigorACS via Windows Platform (32)4. Configuration on CPE Device (37)4.1 Set ACS URL on CPE (37)4.2 Invoke Remote Management for CPE (39)4.3 Enable WAN Connection on CPE (40)5. Troubleshooting (42)1.P l a t f o r m f o r W i n d o w s7o r10Please follow the procedure listed below to install VigorACS 2 completely. The installation for different platforms might be different.T o start up the VigorACS, the normal procedure is listed as follows:(I)Installation for Java(II)Installation for MariaDB(III)Installation for VigorACS 2(IV)Start MySQL/MariaDB Database.(V)Edit VigorACS IP.(VI)Start VigorACS.Info VigorACS 2 can be operated only by a host with 64-bit operation system.1.1I n s t a l l a t i o n f o r J a v a1.Install Java by clicking “java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.1.151-1.b12…” to execute the installation.2.The first page will be shown as follows. Click Next to get into next page.3.Then, check “I accept the terms…” and click the Next button.4.In this page, optional features will be listed for you to specify the destination folder forJAVA driver installation. Choose the one you need and click Next.5.In the following page, just click Install.6.Wait for a while to install the required features.7.When the following page appears, the installation is completed. Click Finish to exit theinstalling program.1.2I n s t a l l a t i o n f o r M a r i a D B1.Install MariaDB by clicking “mariadb-10.2.10-winx64” (based on your PC condition) it toexecute the installation.2.When the welcome screen appears, please click Next for next step.3.On this dialog box, check the box of “I accept the terms….” and click Next.4.Select the way for the features to be installed. Then click Next.5.If you want to configure password for MariaDB server, please check Modify password… andtype the password. It depends on your request. Otherwise, simply click Next.6.Modify the default instance properties if required. Then click Next.7.On this dialog box, click Next.8.On this dialog box, click Install.9.The installation program starts to install required files for MariaDB to your computer. Waitfor several seconds.10.After finishing the configuration, please click Finish to exit the wizard.1.3I n s t a l l a t i o n f o r V i g o r A C S2It is time to install VigorACS main program. Follow the steps below.1.Click Setup to run VigorACS 2 setup wizard.2.When the following dialog appears, choose Local Database / Remote Database and clickNext.3.Select the directory that MariaDB being installed (done in 1.2) and click Next4.In this dialog box, choose Rebuild Database (for rebuilding the VigorACS database) orUpgrade Database (for upgrading the database). For the first time using, please choose Rebuild Database. Then click Next.5.Click Next. If you have configured MySQL/MariaDB previously and specified password for it,you have to type the password in this page and then click Next.6.Set the maximum memory and minimum memory. Click Next.7.Setup ACS HTTP and HTTPS port, we'll suggest using others port instead of default 80 and443 port to prevent conflict.Info The port number defined here will be used for opening VigorACS later.8.Determine the home path and click Next. The default directory used by this program isC:\Users. You can modify it if you want and please make sure the length of directory is not over 100 characters, otherwise you might encounter problem of VigorACS in installation.9.Determine the destination folder and click Next. The default directory used by thisprogram is C:\Program Files\VigorACS. You can modify it if you want and please make sure the length of directory is not over 100 characters, otherwise you might encounter problem of VigorACS in installation.10.Determine the start menu folder and click Next. The default directory used by thisprogram is VigorACS. You can modify it if you want and please make sure the length of directory is not over 100 characters, otherwise you might encounter problem of VigorACS in installation.11.In this dialog, check the box of “Create a desktop shortcut” for your necessity. Click Next.12.Now, the program is ready to install necessary features and files to your computer. Pleaseclick Install to start.13.Please wait for a while to complete the installation.14.While installing, the following screen will appear to show that MariaDB has been activated.Please wait for next dialog appearing.15.Now the program has completed the installation of VigorACS 2. Click Finish to exit it.1.4S t a r t M y S Q L/M a r i a D B D a t a b s eAfter installing VigorACS, install program will register MySQL/MariaDB to Windows Service.MySQL /MariaDB will startup automatically after installing VigorACS or rebooting system.Normally, you don't need to worry about this step on Windows. But if you find any problems on VigorACS, you should check mysql/mariadb first. Please go to Windows Service check theMySQL/MariaDB Service starts or not.1.5S t a r t V i g o r A C S1.Login VigorACS. Use a web browser and type “localhost:portnumber”. Note that the portnumber must be the one defined for HTTP and HTTPS port while installing VigorACS. Forexample, if HTTPS is defined as 8011, then the URL will be “localhost:8011”.2.The login page of VigorACS will be shown as the following. Please type “root” as user nameand “admin123” as password and type the authentication code. Then click Login.3.For the first time to access into the web user interface, a warning message appears first.Please click the Change password button to change the default password for networksecurity. If not, click Cancel to access into the web user interface of VigorACS and changethe password later.4.After clicking Login, main screen of VigorACS 2 will be shown as below.2.P l a t f o r m f o r L i n u xT o start up the VigorACS under Linux, please execute"/usr/local/vigoracs/VigorACS/bin/vigoracs.sh" instruction. A list of menu items will be shown as follows.1.Start mysql/mariadb2.Shutdown mysql/mariadb3.Start VigorACS4.Shutdown VigorACS5.Edit bind IP of VigorACS Server (please key in IP or server name)6.Set the Max. and Min. memory value of running java (it will be valid after restartingVigorACS)7.View the Max. and Min. memory value of running java8.exit2.1I n s t a l l a t i o n f o r M a r i a D B,J a v a a n d V i g o r A C SFollow the steps listed below to install VigorACS under Linux:1.Login Linux with root or the root privilege.2.Download the ACS installation tar.bz2 package and extract it via below command:#bzip2 -cd VigorACS_Unix_Like_xxxxxx_xxxxx.tar.bz2 | tar xvf -or#tar -jxv -f VigorACS_Unix_Like_xxxxxx_xxxxx.tar.bz23.Decompress the setup packagesbzip2 -cd VigorACS_Unix_Like_xxxxxx_xxxxx.tar.bz2 |tar xvf –4.Change the permissions mode of install.sh and uninstall.sh.chmod 755 install.shchmod 755 uninstall.sh5.Execute ./install.sh installation file.Please make sure you have /usr/bin/sh first. If you don't have /usr/bin/sh, please enter the command:#ln -s /bin/sh /usr/bin/sh6.The system will ask to create vigoracs, enter “y” to proceed.7.Next, the system will ask you to install xfonts-base and fontconfig, just enter “y” toproceed.8.Next, please select the item number which you want to execute. Note that VigorACSsupports Linux OS. The program will detect the system you have in your computer.(1) Install mysql/mariadb(2) Change root password and security configuration of mysql/mariadb(3) Install or Upgrade java(4) Install VigorACS(5) Upgrade VigorACS(6) Redirect the database path of VigorACS to remote host (7) Exitinput select num:InfoIf your computer has installed MariaDB and java previously, ignore theinstallation of them. Otherwise, install all the required items (MariaDB, Java and VigorACS) for your system. Item number 5 is used to upgrade VigorACS, so it is not necessary for you to execute for the first time of installation.9. Input 1 to install MariaDB first. Notice that it will setup blank as default password. You canchange the password by using the following command.#/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin--defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql/f -u root password 'newpassword'InfoThe password configured by the command above will be effective onlywhen there is no password set for database root before.Follow the instructions on the screen to finish the MariaDB installation.ter, input 2 to change root password and security configuration of mysql/mariadb.Info The password set in this step is used for VigorACS 2 to login database.11.Input 3 to install Java.Follow the instructions on the screen to finish the Java installation.12.Input 4 to install VigorACS. It is suggested to use ACS customized MariaDB database. Whenasked to enter MariaDB password, press “Enter” if you haven’t changed the password via the command. Then, confirm that TR-069 database has been installed successfully.Wait and follow the instructions on the screen to finish the installation.13. Now, input 6 to redirect the database path of VigorACS to remote host. For remotedatabase, please execute such step on remote host.14. Input 7 to finish and exit the installation.Info 1 Step 13 is required for establishing remote database only . You can ignore it while building local database.Info 2T o prevent port conflicts, we'll suggest that using other ports for HTTP and HTTPS instead of default 80 and 443.2.2S t a r t M y S Q L/M a r i a D B D a t a b s eAfter installing VigorACS, mysql/mariadb daemon has started. You can to see it using "ps-ef|grep mysql" instruction. Use the menu item 1 / 2 to start / shutdown mysql/mariadb.2.3S t a r t V i g o r A C SAfter installing VigorACS, access “/usr/local/vigoracs/VigorACS/bin”, execute “./vigoracs.sh”.Select item 3 to start VigorACS.If you ever reboot the machine after installing VigorACS, just select item 1 to startmysql/mariadb first. Then, select item 3 to start VigorACS.2.4E d i t V i g o r A C S I PWhen starting the VigorACS at first time on Linux, startup program will ask you input Server IP or input Enter key by using the IP address of the host. Once you input the IP address, VigorACS will keep it on startway.txt. Next time, if you want to change it, you can select item 5 to editstartway.txt using vi editor.3. R e g i s t e r i n g V i g o r A C S 2For the first time to activate VigorACS 2, the system will ask you to register VigorACS 2 onto DrayT ek MyVigor server . Refer to the following sections to register VigorACS 2 on differentplatforms.Info 1 While installing VigorACS, install program will register MySQL/MariaDB toWindows Service. MySQL/MariaDB will startup automatically after installingVigorACS or rebooting system. Normally , you don't need to worry about this step on Windows. But if you find any problems on VigorACS, you should checkmysql/mariadb first. Please go to Windows Service check the MySQL/MariaDB Service starts or not.Info 2After installing VigorACS, the software will startup automatically . Normally ,you don't need to worry about this step on Windows. But, if you find any problem on VigorACS, you could shut down VigorACS and start VigorACS again. 3.1 R e g i s t r a t i o n f o r V i g o r A C S v i a W i n d o w s P l a t f o r mBelow shows the steps to register VigorACS 2:1. Login VigorACS. Use a web browser and type “localhost:portnumber”. Note that the portnumber must be the one defined for HTTP and HTTPS port while installing VigorACS. For example, if HTTPS is defined as 8011, then the URL will be “localhost:8011”.2. The login page of VigorACS will be shown as the following. Please type “root” as user nameand “admin123” as password and type the authentication code. Then click Login.Info“root” and “admin123” are default settings.3. A License Error dialog appears as follows. Simply click Active.4. A login page for MyVigor web site will be popped up automatically . Type your account (username) and password in this page. Then, click Login.InfoIf you do not have any account, simply click Create an account now to create a new one for using the service provided by MyVigor web site.5.MyVigor will verify and authenticate if the user account you typed is allowed to access intothe web site. If yes, the following screen will appear.6.Type a nickname for VigorACS and click Add.7.After clicking Add, you can see the following screen. Click OK.8.You will get a device information page as shown below. If you are the new user of VigorACS,you can get a free charge of 30-day service of VigorACS. Simply click the Trial button.9.From the following screen, check the box of “I have read and accept the above….” andclick Next.10.In the page below, click Register.11.When the VigorACS License Information page appears, the service is ready for you to use.Click Login to ACS to use VigorACS service.12.The login page will appear as follows. Type the default settings of User Name (root) andPassword (admin123) and type the authentication code. Then, click Login.13.Now, the main screen of VigorACS will be shown as follows.4.C o n f i g u r a t i o n o n C P E D e v i c e4.1S e t A C S U R L o n C P ET o manage CPEs through VigorACS, you have to set ACS URL on CPE first and set username and password for VigorACS.1.Connect one CPE (e.g., Vigor2862 series).2.Open a web browser (for example, IE, Mozilla Firefox or Netscape) on your computer andtype http://192.168.1.1.3.Please type username and password on the window. If you don’t know the correctusername and password, please consult your dealer to get them. In this section, we takethe figures displayed on Windows as examples.4.Go to System Maintenance -> TR-069.•Please set URL as the following and type username and password for ACS server,for the connected CPE with authentication:http://{IP address of VigorACS}:80/ACSServer/services/ACSServlet•Please set URL as the following, for the connected CPE without authentication: http://{IP address of VigorACS}:80/ACSServer/services/UnAuthACSServlet•Please set URL as the following, for the connected CPE with authentication and the data transmission between CPE and VigorACS 2 with encryption (SSL).https://{IP address of VigorACS}:443/ACSServer/services/ACSServlet•Please set URL as the following, for the connected CPE without authentication but the data transmission between CPE and VigorACS 2 with encryption (SSL)https://{IP address of VigorACS}:443/ACSServer/services/UnAuthACSServlet5.Fill Username and Password for VigorACS 2 Server for authentication. Please enter as thefollowing:Username: acsPassword: password6.For the username and password of CPE client, it is not necessary for you to type them.7.Click Enable for Periodic Inform Settings.4.2I n v o k e R e m o t e M a n a g e m e n t f o r C P EYou have to make sure that the CPE device you want to connect supports VigorACS 2 features.Please consult your dealer if you have no idea in it.1.Suppose WAN IP of CPE device has been setup successfully. And you can access into Internetwithout difficulty.2.Login the device (e.g., Vigor2862) by web.3.Go to System Maintenance>>Management.4.Check Allow management from the Internet to set management access control.4.3E n a b l e W A N C o n n e c t i o n o n C P EYou have to make sure the CPE device you want to connect has been configured properly and can access into Internet.1.Login the device (e.g., Vigor2862) by web.2.Open WAN>>Internet Access.3.Choose Static or Dynamic IP as Access Mode and click Details Page for WAN2.4.The following web page appears. Click Enable and Specify an IP address. Enter correctWAN IP address, subnet mask and gateway IP address for your CPE. Then click OK.VigorACS 2 Quick Start Guide41InfoReboot the CPE device and re-log into VigorACS 2. CPE which has registered to VigorACS 2 will be captured and displayed on the home page of VigorACS 2.VigorACS 2 Quick Start Guide42 5. T r o u b l e s h o o t i n gWhen you try to invoke VigorACS 2 and get the following error message, please locate the file of “server .log ” from C:/Program Files/VigorACS/server/default/log and send the file to yourdealer for further assistance.For Linux system, please locate the file of “server .log ” from/usr/local/vigoracs/VigorACS/server/default/log/ and send the file to your dealer for further assistance.。
Agilent I O Hardware 数据手册说明书
82357A technical specificationsGeneral requirementsMinimum system requirements Windows 98(SE)/Me 2•PCI IEEE-488 interface for PCs•Transfer rates up to 900 KB/s•Dual processor support onWindows 2000/XPBest for•Maximum GPIB throughput forall configurationsHigh performance for manufacturingtest applicationsThe 82350B is Agilent’s highest-performance GPIB interface. Witha direct PCI computer connection,transaction overhead is minimizedfor the best overall performance.The 82350B card de-couples GPIBtransfers from PCI bus transfers.Buffering provides I/O and systemperformance that is superior to directmemory access (DMA). The hardwareis software configurable and compati-ble with the Plug-and-Play standardfor easy hardware installation. TheGPIB interface card plugs into a 5 voltPCI slot in the backplane of your PC.For programming capability youhave access with the latest versionof IO Libraries suite, version 14.1, toprogram in all standard developmentenvironments. Agilent’s IO LibrariesSuite 14.1 is easy to use and workswith virtually any vendor’s instrumentor T&M programming softwareapplication and includes automaticconfiguration for Agilent or NI VISA,NI-488.2, VISA COM or T&M ToolkitDirect IO. Even if you use NI IO soft-ware Agilent will configure automati-cally so as a user you do not have tobe concerned with the behind-the-scenes details.382350B technical specifications General requirements Minimum system requirements Windows 98(SE)/Me (note 98 supported with version 14.0 only)/2000/XP Software required Agilent IO Libraries Suite (included); see requirements on page 1PCI bus slot 5-V PCI slot, 32 bits Supported standards PCI rev 2.2IEEE 488.1 and IEEE 488.2 compatible General characteristics Power Backplane +5 V PCI Connectors Standard 24-pin GPIB (IEEE-488)+5V PCI Maximum data rate More than 900 KB/s Maximum instrument connection 14 instruments—daisy chain via GPIB Buffering Built-in Configuration Plug-and-Play EMC and safety *IEC 61326-1Group 1, Class A IEC 61010-1Warranty 1 year Dimensions Length, width, and height 122 mm (L) x 122 mm (W) x 22 mm (H) (a full-height PCI card)Weight 0.091 kg Environmental specifications Operating environment 0°C to 55°C Operating humidity Up to 90% at 40°C non-condensing Storage environment -40°C to +70°C Storage humidity Up to 90% at 65°C non-condensing * Additional detail and information in the Declaration of ConformityThis traditional GPIB connection still offers the highest throughputE5810A technical specifications 45USB port on your PC to up to fourRS-232 instruments or devices•Fully compatible with WindowsCOM driver and industry-standardVISA I/O software.Best for•Easy connection to RS-232 devices•Notebook computer RS-232connectionsAdd four serial ports in minutesThe Agilent E5805A USB/4-portRS232 interface provides a directconnection from the USB port onyour notebook or desktop PC to up tofour RS-232 instruments or devices.There are no switches to set, no PCcards to install, and no external powersupplies are required. Simply installthe driver and plug in the E5805AUSB 4-port RS232 interface to addfour RS-232 ports to your computer.Since the E5805A is a standardPlug-and-Play device, your computerautomatically detects and configuresit when it is connected to your com-puter USB port. You can interface upto four devices, with baud rates up to230 Kb/s per serial port. The E5805Aprovides four DB9 serial connectorsand ships with a 1.8-meter USB cable.E5813A technical specificationsGeneral requirements67Agilent Technologies’ Test and Measurement Support, Services, and Assistance Agilent Technologies aims to maximize the value you receive, while minimizing your risk and problems. We strive to ensure that you get the test and measurement capabilities you paid for and obtain the support you need. Our extensive support resources and services can help you choose the right Agilent products for your applications and apply them successfully. Every instru-ment and system we sell has a global warranty. Support is available for at least five years beyond the production life of the product. Two concepts underlie Agilent’s overall support policy: “Our Promise” and “Your Advantage.”Our Promise Our Promise means your Agilent test and measurement equipment will meet its advertised performance and functionality. When you are choosing new equipment,we will help you with product information, including realistic performance specifications and practical recom-mendations from experienced test engineers. When you receive your new Agilent equipment, we can help verify that it works properly, and help with initial product operation.Your AdvantageYour Advantage means that Agilent offers a wide range of additional expert test and measurement services, which you can purchase according to your unique technical and business needs. Solve problems efficiently and gain a competitive edge by contracting with us for calibration, extra-cost upgrades, out-of-warranty repairs, and onsite education and training, as well as design, system integration, project management, and other professional engineering services. Experienced Agilent engineers and techni-cians worldwide can help you maximize your productivity,optimize the return on investment of your Agilent instruments and systems, and obtain dependable measurement accuracy for the life of those products./find/emailupdates Get the latest information on the products and applications you /find/openAgilent Open simplifies the process of connecting and programming test systems to help engineers design,validate and manufacture electronic products. Agilentoffers open connectivity for a broad range of system-ready instruments, open industry software, PC-stan-dard I/O and global support, which are combined to more easily integrate test system development. For more assistance with your test & measurement needs or to find your local Agilent office go to /find/contactus Microsoft, Windows and Visual Studio are U.S. registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.Pentium is a U.S. registered trademark of Intel Corporation.Product specifications and descriptions in this document subject to change without notice.© Agilent Technologies, Inc. 2005Printed in USA, August 5, 20055989-1889EN Agilent Open Agilent Email Updates •Agilent E2094N IO Libraries Suite, Data sheet pub no. 5989-1439EN •Modern Connectivity–Using USB and LAN I/O Converters, Application note 1475-1pub no. 5989-0123EN •Simplified PC Connections for GPIB Instruments,Application note 1409-1, pub no. 5988-5897EN •Using LAN in Test Systems: The Basics,Application note 1465-9, pub no. 5989-1412ENpub no. 5989-1417EN •Computer I/O Considerations, Application note 1465-2, pub no. 5988-9818EN Learn more at /find/io-ds Join the Agilent Developer Network to get updated I/O software, instrument drivers, code examples,white papers, and more! Registration is easy and free at /find/adn.。
Extech 381395 5MHz 双通道数据记录多频率测试仪说明书
Ordering Information:381395..........5MHz Dual Channel Datalogging MultiScope ®Specifications subject to change without notice.Copyright © 2007-2008 Extech Instruments Corporation.All rights reserved including the right of reproduction in whole or in part in any form.Features:•Easy to use menu driven operation •Internal or External Triggering•Auto or Manual setup for horizontal and vertical scaling •Single shot mode•Window freeze locks waveform in the display •Roll Mode for slow repetition waveforms •Store and Recall up to 16 waveforms and setups•Sampling Time: 25MS/s Dual Channel; 50MS/s Single Channel •132 x 128 Pixel Super-Twist two level backlit display •Data Hold and Low Battery indication•MultiMeter functions include AC/DC Voltage, Resistance, Continuity,Frequency, RPM, Pulse Width, % Duty Cycle, Max/Min/Avg,Relative, and Compare (Go-NoGo)•USB Interface and software for transferring waveforms and dataDatalogging functionStores up to 17,000 data points with 25MS/s dual channel sampling time (50MS/s single channel)5MHz Dual Channel Datalogging MultiScope ®Specifications:Oscilloscope Bandwidth5MHzMax.Sample Rate per Channel 25MS/s (dual channel); 50MS/s (single channel)Record Length 512 single shot; 256 all other modes Sample ModeSingle shot,Roll,Normal Max Vertical Sensitivity 50mVMax Input Voltage 600V DC or AC rms Trigger Modes Auto,Normal,SingleTrigger Source Channel A,Channel B,External Trigger Coupling AC,DC Timebase1µS to 5S Input Impedance 1MΩSpecifications:Datalogger Memory17,000 points Sampling Rate 0.25S/s to 60S/s Sampling Mode Peak,Sampling Time ClockReal Time Clock Specifications:MultiMeterDC Voltage0.1mV to 1000V (0.3% basic accuracy)AC Voltage (TRMS)0.m1 to 750V (50-20kHz bandwidth)Resistance 0.001kΩto 5MΩContinuity Test voltage 1.7V; threshold 100 digits Frequency 0.01Hz to 10MHz RPM240-60,000Pulse Width 2µs to 500ms Duty Cycle25% to 75%Dimensions/Weight 7.7 x 3.5 x 1.6”(195 x 90 x 40mm)/1.6lbs (730g)Complete with meter,4 test leads with alligator clips,protective holster,Ni-MH battery pack,Universal AC adaptor/ charger,cable,Windows ®compatible software,and case。
西尔西斯 R2 R4 数据采集系统用户指南说明书
SIRIUS®TECHNICAL R EFERENCE M ANUAL4.10. S IRIUS-R2/R4R2/R4 i s a c ompact d ata a cquisition s ystem w ith u p t o 64 a nalog i nputs, 32 c ounter i nputs a nd 32 analog o utputs w ith b uilt-in h igh-performance, h ighly r eliable d ata p rocessing c omputer a nd S SD d ata logger.SIRIUS-R4Main f eatures●HIGH-END S IGNAL C ONDITIONING : R 2/R4 d ata a cquisition s ystems a re b uilt a round S IRIUS D AQtechnology a nd f eature t he s ame v ersatile a nd p owerful a mplifiers f or w orld-leading s ignal conditioning. V isit S IRIUS p roduct p age f or d etailed S IRIUS D AQ t echnology o verview.●POWERFUL A ND R ELIABLE C OMPUTER : R 2/R4 D AQ s ystem o ffers p owerful b uilt-in d ataprocessing c omputer a nd f ast a nd r eliable S SD d ata l ogging c apabilities f or a s tand-alone operation.●UP T O 64 A NALOG I NPUTS : S ystem c an b e c onfigured w ith u p t o 4 S IRIUS D AQ s lices f or a t otalof 64 a nalog i nputs f or c onnecting v irtually a ny s ensor.●UP T O 32 C OUNTER/ENCODER I NPUTS : S ystem c an h old u p t o 32 c ounter/encoder i nputs o r 96digital i nput c hannels, a ll e quipped w ith o ur p atented S UPERCOUNTER® t echnology.●UP T O 4 I SOLATED C AN P ORTS : C onfigure u p t o 4 h igh s peed C AN 2.0b c hannels w ith1Mbit/sec d ata t hroughput w ith a dditional s upport f or C CP, O BDII, J 1939, a nd C AN o utput.●ETHERCAT M ASTER P ORT : R 2/R4 D AQ s ystems i nclude E therCAT m aster p ort w ith b uilt-insynchronization f or e asy c onnection a nd e xtension o f a ny o f o ur E therCAT b ased D AQ s ystems like K RYPTON D AQ m odules o r S IRIUS D AQ s ystem.●ALL I NTERFACES : I nterfaces f or W ireless L AN, d ual G LAN, 4x U SB 3.0, G PS, H DMI, 2xsynchronization a re a vailable.●100 H z G PS W ITH R TK : O ptional 10Hz o r 100Hz G PS r eceiver w ith a dditional R TK s upport c an b ebuilt s traight i nto R 2/R4 D AQ s ystem.SIRIUS ®V 21-276Provided by: (800)404-ATECAdvanced Test Equipment Corp .®Rentals • Sales • Calibration • Service4.10.1. S IRIUS-R2: S pecificationsSIRIUS ®V 21-277Computer Processor Intel® C ore™ i 7; 2x 2.6 G Hz b ase, 3.4 G Hz m ax; 4 t hreads Memory 8 G B (optional u p t o 32 G B)StorageNon-removable M 2 250 G B (500 G B, 1 T B a s o ption)Interfaces a nd o ptions USB F ront 4x U SB 3.0Ethernet 2x G LAN (RJ45) 2x f ront, 1x W LAN (RP-SMA F emale J ack) EtherCAT® 1x E therCAT® 100 M bps F ull D uplex, 8-pin L EMO f emale Synchronisation 2x S IRIUS® S YNC Video 1x H DMIGPS (option)10 H z o r 100 H z o r 100 H z + R TKGPS d isplay (option) External o n D SUB-9 f emale c onnector + r emote p ower o n Power Power s upply 9 - 36 V D CPower c onsumptionTyp. 30 W (Max. 35 W ) (excl. S IRIUS® s lices) Power o ut & E therCAT® P ower o ut TypeSwitched i nput s upply o n 2-pin L EMO f emale & E therCAT® c onnector, 8-pin L EMO f emale Maximum p ower 60 W (combined P ower o ut & E therCAT® P ower o ut) Output V oltage12 - 36 V D C R2rt o ptional E therCAT® s lave p ortMinimum d elay (analog i nput t o E therCAT® b us) 70 µs Minimum E therCAT® c ycle t ime 100 µsEnvironmentalOperating T emperature -10 t o 50 °C Storage T emperature -40 t o 85 °CHumidity 95 % R H n on c ondensing @ 50 °C IP r atingIP20Shock & V ibrationVibration s weep s inus (EN 60068-2-6:2008)\Vibration r andom (EN 60721-3-2: 1997 - C lass 2M2) Shock (EN 60068-2-27:2009) MIL-STD-810D Physical Dimensions 276 x 172 x 142 m mWeight2.34 k g (excl. S IRIUS® s lices)4.10.2. S IRIUS-R2-HUB: S pecificationsSIRIUS ®V 21-278Interfaces a nd o ptions USB F ront 1x U SB 2.0, U SB M ini B Synchronisation 2x S IRIUS® S YNCUSB 2.0 h ub BandwidthMinimum 20 M B/secTypical 25 M B/sec Maximum 28 M B/secSIRIUS D ual C ore 32 A I C hannels a t 200 k S/sec @ 25.6 M B/sec SIRIUS H S 32 A I C hannels, 450 k S/sec @ 28.8 M B/sec 8 A I C hannels + 1 C ounter, 1000 k S/sec @ 20 M B/sec Power Power s upply 9 - 36 V D C Connector3-pin L EMO m ale Power c onsumptionTyp. 4.8 W (Max. 6.8 W ) (excl. S IRIUS® s lices)R2rt o ptional E therCAT® s lave p ortMinimum d elay (analog i nput t o E therCAT® b us) 70 µs Minimum E therCAT® c ycle t ime 100 µsEnvironmentalOperating T emperature -10 t o 50 °C Storage T emperature -40 t o 85 °CHumidity 95 % R H n on c ondensing @ 50 °C IP r atingIP20Shock & V ibrationVibration s weep s inus (EN 60068-2-6:2008)\ Vibration r andom (EN 60721-3-2: 1997 - C lass 2M2) Shock (EN 60068-2-27:2009) MIL-STD-810DPhysical Dimensions 276 x 172 x 142 m mWeight2.77 k g (excl. S IRIUS® s lices)4.10.3. S IRIUS-R4: S pecificationSIRIUS ®V 21-279Computer Processor Intel® C ore™ i 7; 2x 2.6 G Hz b ase, 3.4 G Hz m ax; 4 t hreads Memory8 G B (optional u p t o 32 G B)StorageNon-removable M 2 250 G B (500 G B, 1 T B a s o ption)Interfaces a nd o ptions USB F ront 4x U SB 3.0Ethernet 2x G LAN (RJ45) 2x f ront, 1x W LAN (RP-SMA F emale J ack) EtherCAT® 1x E therCAT® 100 M bps F ull D uplex, 8-pin L EMO f emale Synchronisation 2x S IRIUS® S YNC Video 1x H DMIGPS (option)10 H z o r 100 H z o r 100 H z + R TKGPS d isplay (option) External o n D SUB-9 f emale c onnector + r emote p ower o n Power Power s upply 9 - 36 V D CPower c onsumptionTyp. 30 W (Max. 35 W ) (excl. S IRIUS® s lices) Power o ut & E therCAT® P ower o ut TypeSwitched i nput s upply o n 2-pin L EMO f emale & E therCAT® c onnector, 8-pin L EMO f emale Maximum p ower 60 W (combined P ower o ut & E therCAT® P ower o ut) Output V oltage12 - 36 V D C R4rt o ptional E therCAT® s lave p ortMinimum d elay (analog i nput t o E therCAT® b us) 70 µs Minimum E therCAT® c ycle t ime 100 µsEnvironmentalOperating T emperature -10 t o 50°C Storage T emperature -40 t o 85°CHumidity 95 % R H n on c ondensing @ 50 °C IP r atingIP20Shock & V ibrationVibration s weep s inus (EN 60068-2-6:2008)\Vibration r andom (EN 60721-3-2: 1997 - C lass 2M2) Shock (EN 60068-2-27:2009) MIL-STD-810D Physical Dimensions 276 x 251 x 150 m m Weight3.2 k g (excl. S IRIUS® s lices)4.10.4. S IRIUS-R4-HUB: S pecificationSIRIUS ®V 21-280Interfaces a nd o ptions USB F ront 1x U SB 2.0, U SB M ini B Synchronisation 2x S IRIUS® S YNCUSB 2.0 h ub BandwidthMinimum 20 M B/secTypical 25 M B/sec Maximum 28 M B/secSIRIUS D ual C ore 32 A I C hannels a t 200 k S/sec @ 25.6 M B/sec SIRIUS H S 32 A I C hannels, 450 k S/sec @ 28.8 M B/sec 8 A I C hannels + 1 C ounter, 1000 k S/sec @ 20 M B/sec Power Power s upply 9 - 36 V D C Connector3-pin L EMO m ale Power c onsumptionTyp. 4.8 W (Max. 6.8 W ) (excl. S IRIUS® s lices)R4rt o ptional E therCAT® s lave p ortMinimum d elay (analog i nput t o E therCAT® b us) 70 µs Minimum E therCAT® c ycle t ime 100 µsEnvironmentalOperating T emperature -10 t o 50°C Storage T emperature -40 t o 85°CHumidity 95 % R H n on c ondensing @ 50°C IP r atingIP20Shock & V ibrationVibration s weep s inus (EN 60068-2-6:2008)\ Vibration r andom (EN 60721-3-2: 1997 - C lass 2M2) Shock (EN 60068-2-27:2009) MIL-STD-810DPhysical Dimensions 276 x 251 x 150 m mWeight2.75 k g (excl. S IRIUS® s lices)4.10.5. S IRIUS-R2/R4: F ront s ideSIRIUS-R4 F ront s ide (SBOX R 4)On t he f ront s ide o f t he S IRIUS-R4 o r S BOXse y ou c an find t hese c onnectors:SIRIUS ® V 21-281Name DescriptionLAN 2x E thernet 1 G bps, R J45 c onnectorWi-Fi RP-SMA F emale W LAN a ntenna: W iFi 802.11 b /g/nHDMI HDMI V ideo o ut GPS A NT SMA F emale G PS a ntenna EtherCAT 8-pin L EMO f emale c onnector PWR To s witch t he S BOX o no r o ff. GPS DSUB-9 f emale G PS c onnector OUT Power o ut 2-pin L EMO f emale c onnector SYNC 2x 4-pin L EMO m ale s ync c onnector IN Power i n 3-pin L EMO m ale c onnectorUSB 3.04x U SB 3.04.10.6. S IRIUS-R2/R4: R ear s ideSIRIUS-R4rt r ear s ideOn t he b ack s ide o f t he S IRIUS-R4 y ou c an find t hese c onnectors:ImportantSee c hapter “EtherCAT® s lave p ort” f or d etails.SIRIUS ®V 21-282NameDescriptionAO 1 t o 8 Analog o ut B NC c onnectors (optional)EtherCAT I NEtherCAT® s lave p ort (optional)8-pin L EMO m ale c onnector EtherCAT O UTEtherCAT® s lave p ort (optional) 8-pin L EMO f emale c onnector4.10.7. S IRIUS-R2-HUB/R4-HUB: F ront s ideSIRIUS-R4-HUBSIRIUS ®V 21-283Name DescriptionSYNC 2x 4-pin L EMO m ale s ync c onnector GNDProtective G round b anana p lug a nd s crewconnectorUSB USB 2.0, U SB M ini B PWR Tos witch t he S ystem o n/off. INPower i n 3-pin L EMO m ale c onnector。
经典24题 Test_Answer_Sheet_3
Please note – the correct answers are shown in bold.Example QuestionsEx 1Between which two months was there the greatest change in the number of Internet trades made?SolutionWe calculate the change in the number of Internet trades between months (in 000s):Change = Number trades Month (n) – Number trades Month (n – 1)October and November6November and December1December and January–9January and February1From this we can see the greatest change in the number of Internet trades occurred between December and January.As the Question only referred to the change in the number of trades and not whether the change should be positive or negative, the change in number between December and January is the correct answer.TipWe should do these calculations mentally without resorting to a calculator. Once we have to resort to a calculator orpen and paper, we start losing time.AnswerA B C D ESeptember October November December Januaryand October and November and December and January and FebruaryEx 2In September, approximately what proportion of the total number of trades was made up of Internet trades?SolutionWe consider September data.We calculate what proportion of the total number of trades is made up of Internet trades (in 000s):Proportion of trades = Number of Internet Trades÷Total number of Trades= 10÷(10 + 22)= 0.31 or 31%AnswerA B C D E25%31%34%37%43%Test Questions1For how many years was the price of Arca shares closer to that for Stella than for Henecan?SolutionWe calculate the differences in share prices:2$98 – $73 = $25$165 – $98 = $673$125 – $85 = $40$231 – $125 = $1064$130 – $75 = $55$187 – $130 = $575$153 – $120 = $33$280 – $153 = $1276$198 – $143 = $55$285 – $198 = $87From these calculations we can see that the difference in share price between Arca and Stella is smaller than thedifference in share price between Henecan and Arca for each of the 6 years. Thus the Arca share price is closer to the Stella share price for all of the 6 years.TipVisually inspecting the chart provided, we can see that Arca share price is closer to the Stella share price for all 6years except, maybe, Year 4.A quick calculation shows that the Arca share price is closer to the Stella share price even for Year 4.Thus, the Arca share price was closer to the Stella share price for all 6 years.AnswerA B C D E234562If the percentage increase in the Arca share price between Years 5 and 6 is doubled for the period Year 6 to 7, what will the value ofthe share price be in Year 7?SolutionWe consider the Arca share price.We calculate the percentage increase in share price between Year 5 and Year 6:Percentage increase = (Year 6 share price÷Year 5 share price) – 1=($198/$153) – 1= 1.2941 – 1=0.2941 or 29.41%The question indicates that the expected increase from Year 6 to Year 7 is double that of the increase from Year 5 to0.2941) = 0.58822.The Year 7 share price is then:Year 7 share price =(1 + 0.58822)]=$314.47The closest answer provided is $314.AnswerA B C D E$297$314$321$328$3353Between which two years did the change in Stella’s share price most closely match the change in Henecan’s share price?SolutionWe compare the percentage change in share prices by considering the proportional change in share price betweenconsecutive years per company (this makes the calculations faster without any loss of accuracy):Proportional change = (Share price Year n+1÷Share price Year n)Year 2 – Year 3$85/$73 = 1.1644$231/$165 = 1.4Year 3 – Year 4$75/$85 = 0.8824$187/$231 = 0.7229Year 4 – Year 5$120/$75 = 1.6$280/$187 = 1.4973Year 5 – Year 6$143/$120 = 1.1917$285/$280 = 1.0179Comparing these values we see that the difference in proportional change in share price between Year 4 and Year 5 is the smallest and, thus, they are the closest match.TipA visual scan of the chart provided shows that the likely years would be, Year 4 to Year 5 or Year 5 to Year 6.We calculate the proportionate changes for these 2 time periods only, reducing the number of calculationsnecessary.AnswerA B C D EYear 1 to Year 2 to Year 3 to Year 4 to Year 5 toYear 2Year 3Year 4Year 5Year 64If in the year prior to Year 1 the share prices of Henecan and Stella were both 10% higher, what was the actual difference in theseshare prices in that year?SolutionWe calculate the share price for each company for the year prior to Year 1. Taking each company in turn, we calculate the 10% increase in share price as follows:Prior share price= 1.1 Company Year 1 share priceSo,Henecan:Prior share price= 1.1 $175= $192.5Stella:Prior share price = 1.1 $65= $71.5Now we calculate the difference in share price:Difference in share price = $192.5 – $71.5=$121TipA faster way of calculating this value is to consider the increase in difference in share price.We can do this as both share prices increase by the same amount, 10%.Difference in share price=($175 – $65) 1.1=$121AnswerA B C D E$121$125$131$137$1425What was the difference in the value of Medium Term Bonds trades in Frankfurt compared to Paris?SolutionWe calculate the difference in value of Medium Term Bonds trades (in Euro millions):Difference=Value of trades in Frankfurt – Value of trades in Paris=50 – 20=30AnswerA B C D E30 million euros40 million euros50 million euros60 million euros70 million euros6By how much did the total value of all Short Term Bonds traded exceed that of all Long Term Bonds traded?SolutionWe calculate the difference in value of all Short Term Bonds traded and all Long Term Bonds traded (in Euro millions): Difference=total value Short Term Bonds – total value Long Term Bonds=(90 + 50 + 40 + 60 + 20) – (20 + 30 + 30 + 20 + 10)=150AnswerA B C D E120 million euros130 million euros140 million euros150 million euros160 million euros7As a proportion, which location traded the fewestMedium Term Bonds?SolutionWe calculate the value Medium Term Bonds traded as a proportion of the total Bonds Traded per Location. TheLocation with the smallest proportion is what we are looking for:Proportion = Medium Terms Bonds traded÷Total Bonds tradedFrankfurt0.385Zurich0.300Paris0.200Milan0.250From this we can see that Paris, as a proportion, traded the fewest Medium Term Bonds.TipTo find the correct answer we have to look for a location where a small amount of Medium Bonds are traded and alarge overall amount of Bonds.This will provide a small proportion which is what we are looking for.Looking at the chart provided, there are two likely locations: London and Paris.Looking at the Paris trades and comparing to Paris we can see London should have at least a total value of tradeover 200 million Euros to have a smaller proportion than Paris.This makes Paris the answer.AnswerA B C D ELondon Frankfurt Zurich Paris Milan8Across these 5 locations, by what proportion would the volume of trading in Long Term Bonds have to increase in order to match the current volume of trading in Medium Term Bonds?SolutionWe calculate the total volume of trading in both Long Term and Medium Term Bonds. We then calculate thepercentage increase in trading of Long Term Bonds in order to match the current volume of trading in Medium TermBonds.Total Volume traded (working in millions of Euros):Long Term=110Medium Term=150Percentage difference =100%=36.4%AnswerA B C D E31.6% 33.5%36.4%38.1%39.4%Total Profits 600270-230-380310580= (Total Sales- Total Costs)9In which year did Total Costs equal approximately90% of Total Sales?SolutionWe calculate the Total Costs and then the percentage this value is for each of the years (in $ 000s):Total Costs = Total Sales – Total ProfitsYear 2413093.9%Year 35080104.7%Year 45530107.4%Year 5491094.1%Year 6524090.0%From this we can see Year 6 is the correct answer.TipConsidering the table of data provided, we look for the year for which the Total Profits is 10% of the Total Sales.We can ignore Year 3 and Year 4 as these do not have any profits and thus will have greater Costs than Sales.We can see that Year 6 has a Total Profits that is 10% of Total Sales, which is what we are looking for.AnswerA B C D EYear 2Year 3Year 4Year 5Year 610In which one of the following years wereTotal Costs the highest?SolutionWe calculate the Total Costs for each of the years and from this establish the year with the highest Total Costs(in $ 000s):Year 24,130Year 35,080Year 45,530Year 54,910Year 65,240From this we can see Year 4 is the year with the highest Total Costs.TipLooking at the data provided, we can see that Year 4 or Year 6 would have the highest Total Costs as these yearshave the highest Total Sales values.For Year 4 we add $380,000 to the Total Sales to establish Total Costs.Comparing this value of Total Costs to Year 6 Total Costs (Total Sales minus Total Profits) we see Year 4 is thecorrect answer.AnswerA B C D EYear 2Year 3Year 4Year 5Year 611What was the average annual profit over the 6-year period?SolutionWe calculate the average profit over the 6-year period (in $ 000s):Average Profit = Total Profits÷6= (600 + 270 + (-230) + (-380) + 310 + 580)÷6= 191.666AnswerA B C D E$187,666$191,666$212,333$223,133$266,63312In Year 1, compared with the previous year, both Total Sales and Total Profits rose by 10% each. What approximately were the TotalCosts in the year prior to Year 1?SolutionAs we are asked for an approximate value for Total Costs, we can calculate the value using mental arithmetic. Working in $ 000s:Both Total Sales and Total Profits are 10% less in the year prior to Year 1. From this we know that the Total Costs willalso be 10% less than the Total Costs in Year 1. Total Costs in Year 1 is a bit less than 4,500. 10% of this value is a bit less than 4,050.The answer is thus 4,018 or A.AnswerA B C D E$4,018,182$4,096,000$4,128,573$4,282,000$4,376,92513What was the average value of Bonds sold per annumover the 6-year period?SolutionWe calculate the average value of the Bonds Sold per annum over the 6-year period. (Considering the chart we have to remember that the “Value in $000s” does not start at 0 but 5000.) Working in $ 000s:Average Value = (6000 + 8000 + 7000 + 9000 + 9000 + 10000)÷6= 8166The answer closest to this value is C: $8.17 million.AnswerA B C D E$7.33 million$7.83 million$8.17 million$8.53 million$8.83 million14The biggest proportional increase in the sales of Equity products took place between which two years?SolutionWe calculate the proportional change in the sales of Equities (in $ 000s):Value of Equities sold=All Products – Bonds onlyProportional Change=(Value Year n – Value Year n–1) ÷Value Year n–1Year Proportional changeYear 1 – Year 2-0.25Year 2 – Year 30.67Year 3 – Year 4-0.20Year 4 – Year 5-0.50Year 5 – Year 6 1.00From this we can see the biggest proportional increase in the sales of Equity products is Year 5 – Year 6.TipVisually inspecting the chart, we can see the only increases in the sales of Equity products were for Year 2 to Year 3and Year 5 to Year 6.Year 2 to Year 3 has a change from 3 to 5 units.Year 5 to Year 6 has a change from 2 to 4 units. This is the time period with the greatest proportional increase.AnswerA B C D EYear 1 and Year 2 and Year 3 Year 4 and Year 5 andYear 2Year 3Year 4Year 5Year 615In which year did Bonds represent the largest proportion of total financial products sold?SolutionWe calculate the proportion that Bonds represent of total financial products sold, for each year:Proportion = Value Bonds÷total financial products soldYear 20.727Year 30.583Year 40.692Year 50.818Year 60.714From this we can see that for Year 5 Bonds represented the largest proportion of total financial products sold.TipVisually inspecting the chart provided, we look for the year with smallest difference between all products and Bonds,and large values for both.Year 5 fits these criteria the best.AnswerA B C D EYear 2Year 3Year 4Year 5Year 616If in Year 7 the value of Bond products increases by 10% and the value of Equity products increase by 15%,what will the total value of sales be?SolutionWe calculate the increases in value for Bond products and Equity products and then add these together to calculatethe total value of sales (in $ 000s):Year 7:Value of Bond products=110=11,000Value of Equity products=115%=4,600Total value of sales=11,000 + 4,600=15,600AnswerA B C D E$14.85 million$15.60 million$15.75 million$17.25 million$18.35 million17Which age range shows the smallest number ofsales per enquiry?SolutionWe calculate the number of sales per enquiry for each age range. From this we establish the age range with thesmallest number of sales per enquiry:EnquiriesSales per enquiry = Sales÷Array25-34 years old0.35935-44 years old0.47645-54 years old0.34855-64 years old0.46965 years and over0.600From this we can see that the age range “16-24 years old” has the smallest number of sales per enquiry.TipVisually inspecting the chart provided we look for age ranges where the number of enquiries is large and the numberof sales small.Age ranges “16-24 years old” and “25-34 years old” seem like the most likely candidates.We can see the number of sales per enquiry for “16-24 years old” is 1/3. For the age range “25-34 years old” tohave a smaller sale per enquiry ratio, the number of sales would have to be less than 13.The sales for this age range are 14.Thus the age range “16-24 years old” is the correct answer.AnswerA B C D E16-24 years25-34 years35-44 years45-54 years55-64 years18Assuming 400,000 mail shots were sent out to 25-34 year olds, how many more enquiries would be generated compared to actualsales?SolutionWe calculate the number of enquiries and actual sales generated by 400,000 mail shots. The chart provided indicatesthe data represented is for 10,000 mail shots, so we calculate the actual sales and enquiries generated using: Actual Sales=(400,000÷10,000) 14=560Enquiries=(400,000÷10,000) 39=1,560Thus a 1000 more enquiries are generated than actual sales.TipAs the ratio of (400,000÷10,000) is the same for both equations we need only multiply the difference betweenactual sales and enquiries by this ratio:Difference between enquiries and sales = (400,000÷10,000) (39 – 14) = 1,000AnswerA B C D E8009001,0001,1001,20019Last year there were 630 sales recorded for the 45-54 year old group. How many mail shots would have been sent out to reachthis figure?SolutionWe calculate the number of mail shots by calculating how many batches of 10,000 would have had to be sent out toachieve 630 sales:Number of batches=630÷8=78.75Number of mail shots=10,000=787,500AnswerA B C D E630,500625,000685,500760,000787,50020In one year, there were 1.9 million mail shots sent out to people aged 65 and over compared to 1.1 million mail shots sent out topeople aged 16-24 years old. How many more sales were likely tohave been made to people aged 65 and over?SolutionWe calculate the number of sales generated for each of the age ranges “65 years and older” and “16-24 years old” by the respective mail shots:Sales for 65 years and over=(1.9 million÷10,000) 9=1,710Sales for 16-24 years old=(1.1 million÷10,000) 12=1,320Difference in sales generated=1,710 -1,320=390AnswerA B C D E270336390484533US Dollar ($) 1.28 1.05Pound Sterling (£)0.870.74Japanese Yen (Y)184156Swiss Franc (CHF) 1.98 1.80Hong Kong Dollar (HK$)12.7010.2021How many more Swiss Francs could have been purchased with 3000 Euros in Year 1 compared to Year 2?SolutionWe calculate the number of Swiss Francs purchased with 3000 Euro for Year 1 and Year 2, and take the difference: Swiss Francs bought Year 1=3,000 1.98=5,940Swiss Francs bought Year 2=3,000 1.80=5,400Difference =5,940 – 5,400=540TipA faster way of calculating this value is to multiply the difference in exchange rates by 3,000:Difference=3,000 (1.98 – 1.8)=540AnswerA B C D E435 Swiss Francs450 Swiss Francs485 Swiss Francs540 Swiss Francs570 Swiss Francs22In Year 1, 200 Euros was used to purchase a holding of Japanese Yen. What would the value of this holding be if exchanged for HK$ in Year 2?SolutionWe calculate the value of the holding in HK$ by calculating the value of the following exchanges:200 EURO Year 1 -> Japanese Yen Year 1 -> Euro Year 2 -> Hong Kong Dollar Year 2.holding=200 184 (1÷156) 10.20Valueof=HK$ 2,406AnswerA B C D EHK$ 2,313HK$ 2,406HK$ 2,511HK$ 2,612HK$ 2,70923Which currency strengthened the least against the Euro between Year 1 and Year 2?SolutionWe calculate the proportional change for each currency and from this establish the currency that strengthenedthe least:Proportional change = (Value Year 2÷Value Year 1) – 1Pound Sterling–0.15Japanese Yen–0.15Swiss Franc–0.09Hong Kong Dollar–0.20All of the currencies have appreciated against the Euro but the Swiss Franc has appreciated the least.AnswerA B C D EUS Dollar Sterling Yen Swiss Franc Hong Kong Dollar24Between Year 1 and Year 2, the value of £ Sterling in relation to the Euro, moved:SolutionWe calculate the change in value of the Pound Sterling in relation to the Euro from Year 1 to Year 2. We calculate this using:Percentage change={[(1/Year 2 Value) – (1/Year 1 Value)]÷100%={[(1/0.74) – (1/0.87)]÷(1/0.87)} 100%=17.6%TipA way to understand this calculation is to consider the following, simplified scenario:In Year 1 a shirt costs $1.In Year 2 the same shirt costs $2.Looking at this we can see that the value of the shirt has increased 100% in relation to the Dollar:Change of value of the shirt=[($2 – $1)÷100%=100%Conversely, the value of the Dollar has decreased 50% in relation to the shirt:Change of value of Pound Sterling={[(1/$2) – (1/$1)]÷100%=-50%We apply the same principle to calculate the change in value of the Pound Sterling in relation to the Euro byreplacing the shirt with Euro and the Dollar with Pound Sterling.AnswerA B C D EDown 9.1%Down 8.5%Up 11.7%Up 14.3%Up 17.6%Numerical Test Answer Booklet 3 is created by . © 2007.No part of this booklet may be reproduced or transmitted in anyway without the written consent of 。
ni 6251 m系列数据采集器:16 个模拟输入、1.25 ms s、24 个数字输入 输出、2
DEVICE SPECIFICATIONSNI 6251M Series Data Acquisition:16 AI, 1.25 MS/s, 24 DIO, 2 AOThe following specifications are typical at 25 °C, unless otherwise noted. For more information about the NI 6251, refer to the M Series User Manual available at / manuals.Analog InputNumber of channels8 differential or 16 single endedADC resolution16 bitsDNL No missing codes guaranteedINL Refer to the AI Absolute Accuracy section Sample rateSingle channel maximum 1.25 MS/sMultichannel maximum (aggregate) 1.00 MS/sMinimum No minimumTiming resolution50 nsTiming accuracy50 ppm of sample rateInput coupling DCInput range±0.1 V, ±0.2 V, ±0.5 V, ±1 V, ±2 V, ±5 V,±10 V±11 V of AI GNDMaximum working voltage for analoginputs (signal + common mode)CMRR (DC to 60 Hz)100 dBInput impedanceDevice onAI+ to AI GND>10 GΩ in parallel with 100 pFAI- to AI GND>10 GΩ in parallel with 100 pFDevice offAI+ to AI GND820 ΩAI- to AI GND820 ΩInput bias current±100 pACrosstalk (at 100 kHz)Adjacent channels-75 dBNon-adjacent channels-95 dBSmall signal bandwidth (-3 dB) 1.7 MHzInput FIFO size4,095 samplesScan list memory4,095 entriesData transfersPCI/PCI Express/PXI/PXI Express DMA (scatter-gather), interrupts,programmed I/OUSB USB Signal Stream, programmed I/O Overvoltage protection for all analog input and sense channelsDevice on±25 V for up to four AI pinsDevice off±15 V for up to four AI pinsInput current during overvoltage condition±20 mA maximum/AI pin Settling Time for Multichannel Measurements2| | NI 6251 Device SpecificationsTypical Performance GraphsFigure 1. Settling Error versus Time for Different Source ImpedancesTime (µs)E r r o r (p p m o f S t e p S i z e )Figure 2. AI Small Signal Bandwidth–8–7–6–5–4–3–2–1011 k10 k100 k1000 k10000 kFrequency (Hz)N o r m a l i z e d S i g n a l A m p l i t u d e (d B )NI 6251 Device Specifications | © National Instruments | 3Figure 3. AI CMRRFrequency (Hz)CMRR(dB)AI Absolute AccuracyNote Accuracies listed are valid for up to two years from the device externalcalibration.4| | NI 6251 Device SpecificationsNote Sensitivity is the smallest voltage change that can be detected. It is a functionof noise.Gain tempco13 ppm/°CReference tempco 1 ppm/°CINL error60 ppm of rangeAI Absolute Accuracy EquationAbsoluteAccuracy = Reading · (GainError) + Range · (OffsetError) + NoiseUncertainty GainError = ResidualAIGainError + GainTempco · (TempChangeFromLastInternalCal) + ReferenceTempco · (TempChangeFromLastExternalCal)OffsetError = ResidualAIOffsetError + OffsetTempco ·(TempChangeFromLastInternalCal) + INLErrorNoiseUncertainty100 points.AI Absolute Accuracy ExampleAbsolute accuracy at full scale on the analog input channels is determined using the following assumptions:•TempChangeFromLastExternalCal = 10 °C •TempChangeFromLastInternalCal = 1 °C•number_of_readings = 100•CoverageFactor = 3 σFor example, on the 10 V range, the absolute accuracy at full scale is as follows: GainError = 60 ppm + 13 ppm · 1 + 1 ppm · 10 = 83 ppmOffsetError = 20 ppm + 21 ppm · 1 + 60 ppm = 101 ppmAbsoluteAccuracy = 10 V · (GainError) + 10 V · (OffsetError) + NoiseUncertainty = 1,920 µVAnalog TriggersNumber of triggers1Source AI <0..15>, APFI 0Functions Start Trigger, Reference Trigger,Pause Trigger, Sample Clock, Convert Clock,Sample Clock TimebaseNI 6251 Device Specifications| © National Instruments| 5Source levelAI <0..15>±Full scaleAPFI 0±10 VResolution10 bits, 1 in 1,024Modes Analog edge triggering, analog edge triggeringwith hysteresis, and analog window triggering Bandwidth (-3 dB)AI <0..15> 3.4 MHzAPFI 0 3.9 MHzAccuracy±1%APFI 0 characteristicsInput impedance10 kΩCoupling DCProtection, power on±30 VProtection, power off±15 VAnalog OutputNumber of channels2DAC resolution16 bitsDNL±1 LSBMonotonicity16 bit guaranteedAccuracy Refer to the AO Absolute Accuracy section Maximum update rate1 channel 2.86 MS/s2 channels 2.00 MS/s per channelTiming accuracy50 ppm of sample rateTiming resolution50 nsOutput range±5 V, ±10 V, ±external reference on APFI 0 Output coupling DCOutput impedance0.2 ΩOutput current drive±5 mAOverdrive protection±25 VOverdrive current20 mA6| | NI 6251 Device SpecificationsPower-on state ±5 mV 1Power-on glitch 1.5 V peak for 1.5 sOutput FIFO size 8,191 samples shared among channels used Data transfersPCI/PCI Express/PXI/PXI Express DMA (scatter-gather), interrupts,programmed I/OUSBUSB Signal Stream, programmed I/O AO waveform modesNon-periodic waveform, periodic waveform regeneration mode from onboard FIFO,periodic waveform regeneration from host buffer including dynamic update Settling time, full-scale step,15 ppm (1 LSB) 2 µs Slew rate20 V/µs Glitch energy at midscale transition, ±10 V rangeMagnitude 10 mV Duration1 µsAO Absolute AccuracyAbsolute accuracy at full-scale numbers is valid immediately following internal calibrationand assumes the device is operating within 10 °C of the last external calibration.Note Accuracies listed are valid for up to two years from the device externalcalibration.Reference tempco 1 ppm/°C INL error64 ppm of range1When the USB Screw Terminal device is powered on, the analog output signal is not defined until after USB configuration is complete.NI 6251 Device Specifications | © National Instruments | 7AO Absolute Accuracy EquationAbsoluteAccuracy = OutputValue · (GainError) + Range · (OffsetError )GainError = ResidualGainError + GainTempco · (TempChangeFromLastInternalCal ) +ReferenceTempco · (TempChangeFromLastExternalCal )OffsetError = ResidualOffsetError + AOOffsetTempco ·(TempChangeFromLastInternalCal) + INLErrorExternal ReferenceAPFI 0 characteristicsInput impedance 10 kΩCouplingDC Protection, device on ±30 V Protection, device off ±15 V Range ±11 V Slew rate20 V/μsFigure 4. AO External Reference BandwidthFrequency (Hz)N o r m a l i z e d A O A m p l i t u d e A t t e n u a t i o n (d B )Digital I/O/PFIStatic CharacteristicsNumber of channels 24 total, 8 (P0.<0..7>),16 (PFI <0..7>/P1, PFI <8..15>/P2)Ground referenceD GND8 | | NI 6251 Device SpecificationsDirection control Each terminal individually programmable asinput or outputPull-down resistor50 kΩ typical, 20 kΩ minimumInput voltage protection±20 V on up to two pins2 Waveform Characteristics (Port 0 Only)Terminals used Port 0 (P0.<0..7>)Port/sample size Up to 8 bitsWaveform generation (DO) FIFO2,047 samplesWaveform acquisition (DI) FIFO2,047 samplesDI Sample Clock frequencyPCI/PCI Express/PXI/PXI Express0 MHz to 10 MHz, system and bus activitydependentUSB0 MHz to 1 MHz, system and bus activitydependentDO Sample Clock frequencyPCI/PCI Express/PXI/PXI ExpressRegenerate from FIFO0 MHz to 10 MHzStreaming from memory0 to 10 MHz, system and bus activitydependentUSBRegenerate from FIFO0 MHz to 10 MHzStreaming from memory0 MHz to 1 MHz, system and bus activitydependentData transfersPCI/PCI Express/PXI/PXI Express DMA (scatter-gather), interrupts,programmed I/OUSB USB Signal Stream, programmed I/ODI or DO Sample Clock source3Any PFI, RTSI, AI Sample or Convert Clock,AO Sample Clock, Ctr n Internal Output, andmany other signals2Stresses beyond those listed under Input voltage protection may cause permanent damage to the device.3The digital subsystem does not have its own dedicated internal timing engine. Therefore, a sample clock must be provided from another subsystem on the device or an external source.NI 6251 Device Specifications| © National Instruments| 9PFI/Port 1/Port 2 FunctionalityFunctionality Static digital input, static digital output,timing input, timing outputTiming output sources Many AI, AO, counter, DI, DO timing signals Debounce filter settings125 ns, 6.425 µs, 2.56 ms, disable; high andlow transitions; selectable per input Recommended Operating ConditionsElectrical Characteristics10| | NI 6251 Device SpecificationsDigital I/O CharacteristicsFigure 5. P0.<0..7>: I oh versus V ohV oh (V)I o h (m A )Figure 6. PFI <0..15>/P1/P2: I oh versus V oh–50–45–40–35–30–25–20–15–10–50V oh (V)I o h (m A )Figure 7. P0.<0..7>: I ol versus V olV ol (V)I o l (m A )Figure 8. PFI <0..15>/P1/P2: I ol versus V olV ol (V)I o l (m A )General-Purpose Counters/TimersNumber of counter/timers 2Resolution32 bitsCounter measurements Edge counting, pulse, semi-period, period,two-edge separationPosition measurements X1, X2, X4 quadrature encoding with Channel Z reloading; two-pulse encoding Output applicationsPulse, pulse train with dynamic updates,frequency division, equivalent time samplingInternal base clocks80 MHz, 20 MHz, 0.1 MHzExternal base clock frequency0 MHz to 20 MHzBase clock accuracy50 ppmInputs Gate, Source, HW_Arm, Aux, A, B, Z,Up_DownRouting options for inputs Any PFI, RTSI, PXI_TRIG, PXI_STAR,analog trigger, many internal signalsFIFO 2 samplesData transfersPCI/PCI Express/PXI/PXI Express Dedicated scatter-gather DMA controller foreach counter/timer; interrupts, programmed I/O USB USB Signal Stream, programmed I/OFrequency GeneratorNumber of channels1Base clocks10 MHz, 100 kHzDivisors 1 to 16Base clock accuracy50 ppmOutput can be available on any output PFI or RTSI terminal.Phase-Locked Loop (PLL)Note PCI/PCI Express/PXI/PXI Express devices only.Number of PLLs1Reference signal PXI_STAR, PXI_CLK10, RTSI <0..7> Output of PLL80 MHz Timebase; other signals derived from80 MHz Timebase including 20 MHz and100 kHz TimebasesExternal Digital TriggersSource Any PFI, RTSI, PXI_TRIG, PXI_STAR Polarity Software-selectable for most signalsAnalog input function Start Trigger, Reference Trigger,Pause Trigger, Sample Clock, Convert Clock,Sample Clock TimebaseAnalog output function Start Trigger, Pause Trigger, Sample Clock,Sample Clock TimebaseCounter/timer function Gate, Source, HW_Arm, Aux, A, B, Z,Up_DownSample ClockDigital waveform generation (DO)functionDigital waveform acquisition (DI)Sample ClockfunctionDevice-to-Device T rigger BusPCI/PCI Express RTSI <0..7>4PXI/PXI Express PXI_TRIG <0..7>, PXI_STARUSB source NoneOutput selections10 MHz Clock, frequency generator output,many internal signalsDebounce filter settings125 ns, 6.425 μs, 2.56 ms, disable; high andlow transitions; selectable per inputBus InterfacePCI/PXI 3.3 V or 5 V signal environmentPCI ExpressForm factor x1 PCI Express, specification v1.0a compliant Slot compatibility x1, x4, x8, and x16 PCI Express slots5PXI ExpressForm factor x1 PXI Express peripheral module,specification rev 1.0 compliant Slot compatibility x1 and x4 PXI Express or PXI Express hybridslots4In other sections of this document, RTSI refers to RTSI <0..7> for the PCI/PCI Express devices or PXI_TRIG <0..7> for PXI/PXI Express devices.5Some motherboards reserve the x16 for graphics use. For PCI Express guidelines, refer to / pciexpress.USB USB 2.0 Hi-Speed or full-speed6, 7DMA channels (PCI/PCI Express/ PXI/PXI Express)6, can be used for analog input, analog output, digital input, digital output, counter/timer 0, counter/timer 1USB Signal Stream4, can be used for analog input, analog output,digital input, digital output, counter/timer 0,counter/timer 1The PXI device supports one of the following features:•May be installed in PXI Express hybrid slots•Or, may be used to control SCXI in PXI/SCXI combo chassisThe PXI Express device can be installed in PXI Express slots or PXI Express hybrid slots.Power RequirementsCurrent draw from bus during no-load condition8PCI/PXI+5 V0.03 A+3.3 V0.725 A+12 V0.35 APCI Express+3.3 V0.925 A+12 V0.35 A6If you are using an USB M Series device in full-speed mode, device performance will be lower and you will not be able to achieve maximum sample/update rates.7Operating on a full-speed bus may result in lower performance.8Does not include P0/PFI/P1/P2 and +5 V terminals.PXI Express+3.3 V0.45 A+12 V0.5 ACurrent draw from bus during AI and AO overvoltage condition8PCI/PXI+5 V0.03 A+3.3 V 1.2 A+12 V0.38 APCI Express+3.3 V 1.4 A+12 V0.38 APXI Express+3.3 V0.48 A+12 V0.71 ACaution USB devices must be powered with an NI offered AC adapter or aNational Electric Code (NEC) Class 2 DC source that meets the power requirementsfor the device and has appropriate safety certification marks for country of use. USB power supply requirements11 to 30 VDC, 20 W, locking or non-lockingpower jack with 0.080 in. diameter center pin,5/16-32 thread for locking collarsCurrent LimitsCaution Exceeding the current limits may cause unpredictable behavior by thedevice and/or PC/chassis.PCI, +5 V terminal 1 A maximum9PCI ExpressWithout disk drive power connector installed+5 V terminals combined0.35 A maximum90.39 A maximumP0/PFI/P1/P2 and +5 Vterminals combined9Older revisions have a self-resetting fuse that opens when current exceeds this specification. Newer revisions have a traditional fuse that opens when current exceeds this specification. This fuse is not customer-replaceable; if the fuse permanently opens, return the device to NI for repair.With disk drive power connector installed+5 V terminal 1 A maximum9P0/PFI/P1/P2 combined0.39 A maximumPXI/PXI Express+5 V terminal 1 A maximum9P0/PFI/P1/P2 and +5 V terminalscombined2 A maximumUSB+5 V terminal 1 A maximum9P0/PFI/P1/P2 and +5 V terminalscombined2 A maximumPower supply fuse 2 A, 250 VPhysical CharacteristicsDimensionsPCI printed circuit board10.6 cm × 15.5 cm (4.2 in. × 6.1 in.) PCI Express printed circuit board9.9 cm × 16.8 cm (3.9 in. × 6.6 in.)(half-length)PXI/PXI Expressprinted circuit boardStandard 3U PXIUSB Screw Terminal enclosure (includes connectors)26.67 cm × 17.09 cm × 4.45 cm (10.5 in. × 6.73 in. × 1.75 in.)USB BNC enclosure (includes connectors)28.6 cm × 17 cm × 6.9 cm (11.25 in. × 6.7 in. × 2.7 in.)USB Mass Termination enclosure (includes connectors)18.8 cm × 17.09 cm × 4.45 cm (7.4 in. × 6.73 in. × 1.75 in.)USB OEM Refer to the NI USB-622x/625x/628x OEMUser GuideWeightPCI149 g (5.2 oz)PCI Express161 g (5.7 oz)PXI222 g (7.8 oz)PXI Express208 g (7.3 oz)USB Screw Terminal 1.2 kg (2 lb 10 oz)USB Mass Termination816 g (1 lb 12.8 oz)USB OEM140 g (4.9 oz)I/O connectorPCI/PCI Express/PXI/PXI Express 1 68-pin VHDCIUSB Screw Terminal64 screw terminalsUSB BNC21 BNCs and 30 screw terminalsMass Termination 1 68-pin SCSIPCI Express disk drive power Standard ATX peripheral connector(not serial ATA)16 to 28 AWGUSB Screw Terminal/BNC screw terminalwiringCalibrationRecommended warm-up timePCI/PXI/PCI Express/PXI Express15 minutesUSB30 minutesCalibration interval 2 yearsMaximum Working VoltageMaximum working voltage refers to the signal voltage plus the common-mode voltage. Channel-to-earth11 V, Measurement Category I Measurement Category I is for measurements performed on circuits not directly connected to the electrical distribution system referred to as MAINS voltage. MAINS is a hazardous live electrical supply system that powers equipment. This category is for measurements of voltages from specially protected secondary circuits. Such voltage measurements include signal levels, special equipment, limited-energy parts of equipment, circuits powered by regulated low-voltage sources, and electronics.Caution Do not use for measurements within Categories II, III, or IV.Note Measurement Categories CAT I and CAT O (Other) are equivalent. These testand measurement circuits are not intended for direct connection to the MAINSbuilding installations of Measurement Categories CAT II, CAT III, or CAT IV.EnvironmentalOperating temperaturePCI/PXI/PXI Express0 ºC to 55 ºCPCI Express0 ºC to 50 ºCUSB0 ºC to 45 ºCStorage temperature-20 ºC to 70 ºCHumidity10% RH to 90% RH, noncondensing Maximum altitude2,000 mPollution Degree (indoor use only)2Indoor use only.Shock and Vibration (PXI and PXI Express Only)Operational shock30 g peak, half-sine, 11 ms pulse (Tested inaccordance with IEC 60068-2-27. Test profiledeveloped in accordance withMIL-PRF-28800F.)Random vibrationOperating 5 Hz to 500 Hz, 0.3 g rmsNonoperating 5 Hz to 500 Hz, 2.4 g rms (Tested in accordancewith IEC 60068-2-64. Nonoperating testprofile exceeds the requirements ofMIL-PRF-28800F, Class 3.)SafetyThis product is designed to meet the requirements of the following electrical equipment safety standards for measurement, control, and laboratory use:•IEC 61010-1, EN 61010-1•UL 61010-1, CSA 61010-1Note For UL and other safety certifications, refer to the product label or the OnlineProduct Certification section.Electromagnetic CompatibilityThis product meets the requirements of the following EMC standards for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use:•EN 61326-1 (IEC 61326-1): Class A emissions; Basic immunity•EN 55011 (CISPR 11): Group 1, Class A emissions•AS/NZS CISPR 11: Group 1, Class A emissions•FCC 47 CFR Part 15B: Class A emissions•ICES-001: Class A emissionsNote In the United States (per FCC 47 CFR), Class A equipment is intended foruse in commercial, light-industrial, and heavy-industrial locations. In Europe,Canada, Australia, and New Zealand (per CISPR 11) Class A equipment is intendedfor use only in heavy-industrial locations.Note Group 1 equipment (per CISPR 11) is any industrial, scientific, or medicalequipment that does not intentionally generate radio frequency energy for thetreatment of material or inspection/analysis purposes.Note For EMC declarations and certifications, refer to the Online ProductCertification section.CE ComplianceThis product meets the essential requirements of applicable European Directives, as follows:•2014/35/EU; Low-V oltage Directive (safety)•2014/30/EU; Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive (EMC)•2011/65/EU; Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS)Online Product CertificationRefer to the product Declaration of Conformity (DoC) for additional regulatory compliance information. To obtain product certifications and the DoC for this product, visit / certification, search by model number or product line, and click the appropriate link in the Certification column.Environmental ManagementNI is committed to designing and manufacturing products in an environmentally responsible manner. NI recognizes that eliminating certain hazardous substances from our products is beneficial to the environment and to NI customers.For additional environmental information, refer to the Minimize Our Environmental Impact web page at /environment. This page contains the environmental regulations and directives with which NI complies, as well as other environmental information not included in this document.Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) EU Customers At the end of the product life cycle, all NI products must bedisposed of according to local laws and regulations. For more information abouthow to recycle NI products in your region, visit /environment/weee.电子信息产品污染控制管理办法(中国RoHS)中国客户National Instruments符合中国电子信息产品中限制使用某些有害物质指令(RoHS)。
AS4420_Datasheet_Rev_B
AS4420 / AS4429FEATURES• Latch Up Protected . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . >1.5A• Logic Input Swing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Negative 5V •ESD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4kV • Matched Rise and Fall Times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20ns APPLICATIONS• Motor Controls• Switch-Mode Power Supplies • Pulse Transformer Driver • Class D Switching AmplifiersDESCRIPTIONThe AS4420 and AS4429 family operate over 4.5V to 18V, can withstand high current peaking of 6A and have matched rise and fall times under 25ns. The product has been designed utilizing Calogic’s rugged CMOS process with protection for latch up and ESD. The product is available in inverting (AS4429) and noninverting (AS4420) configurations. ORDERING INFORMATIONPart# Logic Package Temperature Range AS4420P Noninverting 8-Pin PDIP -40C to +85 CAS4420S Noninverting 8-Pin SOIC -40C to +85CAS4429P Inverting 8-Pin PDIP -40C to +85CAS4429S Inverting8-Pin SOIC -40C to +85CHigh Speed MOSFET DriversLLCFUNCTIONAL DIAGRAM AND PIN CONFIGURATIONSINPUTGNDV D D I N P U T 2 N C 3 G N D 4EFFECTIVE INPUT C = 38pF1L-134.7VDIP8 D D 7 O U T P U T 6 O U T P U TGND5500ì1A-07300mVAS4420 / AS4429V D INPUT N C GND1234SOIC8 7 6 5V D OUTPUT OUTPUT GND1A-08D DOUTPUTInput Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -5V to >V DD Input Current (V IN > V DD). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50mA Power Dissipation, T A < 25o CPDIP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . 1W SOIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . 500mW Derating Factors (To Ambient)PDIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . 8mW/o C SOIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . 4mW/o C Storage Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . . . -55o C to +150o C Operating Temperature (Chip). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +150o C Operating Temperature Range (Ambient)C Version . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0o C to +70o CE Version . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -40o C to +85o C Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec) . . . . . . . . . . . . +300o C conductive material. Protect devices from static discharge and static fields. Stresses above those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operation sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended-periods may affect device reliability.ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS: T A = +25o C with 4.5V < V DD < 18V, unless otherwise specified.SYMBOL PARAMETER MINTYPMAXUNIT TESTCONDITIONS INPUTV IH Logic 1 High Input Voltage 2.4 1.8 VV IL Logic 0 Low Input Voltage 1.3 0.8 VV IN (Max) Input Voltage Range -5 V DD+0.3 VI IN Input Current -10 10 A0V< V IN < V DDOUTPUTV OH High Output Voltage V DD-0.025 V See Figure 1V OL Low Output Voltage 0.025 VSee Figure 1R O Output Resistance, High 2.1 2.8 I OUT = 10mA, V DD = 18VR O Output Resistance, Low 1.5 2.5 I OUT = 10mA, V DD = 18VI PK Peak Output Current 6 A V DD = 18V (See Figure 5)I REV L a t c h-U p P r o t e c t i o nWithstand Reverse Current >1.5tADuty Cycle < 2%< 300ìASWITCHING TIME (Note 1)t R Rise Time 25 35 ns Figure 1, C L = 2500pF t F Fall Time 25 35 nsFigure 1, C L = 2500pF t D1 Delay Time 20 40 nsFigure1t D2 Delay Time 20 40 nsFigure1 POWER SUPPLYI S Power Supply Current 1551.5150m AAV I N=3VV IN = 0VV DDOperating Input Voltage 4.5 18 VLLCELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS:Measured over operating temperature range with 4.5V ~ V DD ~ 18V, unless otherwise specified.SYMBOL PARAMETER MIN TYP MAX UNITTEST CONDITIONSINPUT V IH Logic 1 High Input Voltage 2.4VV IL Logic 0 Low Input Voltage0.8 VV IN (Max) Input Voltage Range -5 V DD +0.3 VI INInput Current-1010L A 0V ~ V IN ~ V SOUTPUT V OH High Output Voltage V DD -0.025V See Figure 1 V OLLow Output Voltage0.025VSee Figure 1R O Output Resistance, High3 5I OUT = 10mA, V DD = 18VR O Output Resistance, Low2.3 5ΩIO UT= 10mA, V DD = 18VSWITCHING TIME (Note 1) t RRise Time32 60 ns Figure 1, C L = 2500pF t F Fall Time 3460nsFigure 1, C L = 2500pFt D1 Delay Time 20 50 ns Figure 1 t D2Delay Time20 50 ns Figure 1POWER SUPPLY I SPower Supply Current1603 400m A LV I N = 3V V IN = 0V V DDOperating Input Voltage4.518 VNote: 1. Switching times guaranteed by design.AS4420 / AS4429LLCFIGURE 1. SWITCHING TIME TEST CIRCUITINPUT0.1LF241V DD = 18V856 70.1LF0.1LFC L = 2500pFOUTPUT1A-09OUTPUTINPUT≈0.4V+1 8V+5V0V10%INPUT: 100kHz, SQUARE WAVE,t RISE = FA LL ~ 10nS90%D110%t FD290%10%t R90%1A-10AS4420 / AS4429TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES120 10080604020100 80403020105040602010 _________________________________ 1000 10,0000 _________________________________ -60 -20 20 60 100 1405 7 9 11 13 15C L = 2200pFVDD = 18VV DD = 12VV DD = 1 8VRISE AND FALL TIMESvs TEMPERATURERISE TIME vs SUPPLY VOLTAGEFALL TIME vs CAPACITIVE LOADV DD = 5VCAPACITVE LOAD (pF)tFALV D D (V )T A (˚C)tRISEC L = 10,000 pFC L = 4700 pF C L = 2200 pF1L-141L-161L-18100100806040204080602065 60555045 4035410 _________________________________1000 10,0005 7 9 11 13 15PROPAGATION DELAY TIME vs SUPPLY VOLTAGEV DD = 12VV D D = 18V6 8 10 12 14 16 18V DD = 5VRISE TIME vs CAPACITIVE LOADFALL TIME vs SUPPLY VOLTAGECAPACITVE LOAD (pF)SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)tD2tD1V D D (V )C L = 10,000 pFC L = 4700 pF C L = 2200 pF1A-161L-171L-15AS4420 / AS4429LLCTYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES (Cont.)10001002.51.5402050 30101020 _________________________________ -60 -20 20 60 100 14010 100 1000 10,0005 7 9 11 13 15C L = 2200pFC L = 2200pFVDD = 18VPROPAGATION DELAY TIMEvs TEMPERATUREtD2LOW-STATE OUTPUTRESISTANCEtD1SUPPLY CURRENTvs FREQUENCYFREQUENCY (kHz)V D D (V )T A (˚C)100mA50mA1 0mA1 8V1 0V 5V1A-191A-231A-171600 1400 1200 1000 800600 400 200847056422814042530 100 1000 10,00020 406080 100 1205 7 9 11 13 15VDD = 15VTHERMAL DERATING CURVEAMBIENT TEMPERATURE (˚C)10mAHIGH-STATE OUTPUTRESISTANCE50mA SUPPLY CURRENT vs CAPACITY LOADCAPACITIVE LOAD (pF)100mAV D D (V )500kHz00kHz20kHz8 DIP 8 S O I C 8 CerDIP1A-181 L-191A-22V DDOUT OUTGNDIN V DDGND GND20043LOAD = 2200pF160120 INPUT 2.4V 2INPUT 3V 80INPUT 5V140INPUT 8V AND 10VV D D (V )1A-24SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)1A-25TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES (Cont.)5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15EFFECT OF INPUT AMPLITUDE ON PROPAGATION DELAY* The values on this graph represent the loss seen by the driver during one complete cycle.For a single transition, divide the value by 2.5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15TOTAL nA•S CROSSOVER*AS4420 / AS4429LLCDIE SIZE 76x77 (mm)。
AS4420-5_1996_WindowsTest_Water penetration resistance test
1AS 4420.5—1996Australian Standard ®Windows—Methods of testMethod 5:Water penetration resistance test1SCOPE This Standard sets out a method for determining am aspect of the performance of windows designed for installation in all classes of buildings.It addresses the resistance of the window test sample to water penetration (under static wind load).2REFERENCED DOCUMENTS The following documents are referred to in this Standard:AS2047Windows in buildings 2047.1Part 1:Specification for materials and performance 2047.2Part 2:Code of practice —Construction,installation and maintenance ASTME331Standard test method for water penetration of exterior window,curtain walls,anddoors by uniform static air pressure difference3DEFINITIONS For the purpose of this Standard the definitions in AS 2047,Parts 1and 2,apply.4PRINCIPLE A sample unit is fitted as one face of a pressure chamber,sealed at its perimeter,then subjected to a water penetration test under static pressure.5APPARATUS The following apparatus is required:(a)Pressure chamber —of a size to fit the test sample window.(b)Centrifugal fan —with controls to pressurize the test sample.(c)Water sprays —positioned so that when the sprays are in operation,the external face of the test sample is uniformly sprayed with water.(d)Fluid or electronic manometer —capable of measuring air pressure to an accuracy better than ±5%of test pressure.(e)Water volume flow rate measuring device .NOTE:A catch box system for calibrating water spray,as described in ASTM E331,is recommended.6PROCEDURE 6.1Test pressure The test pressure and performance requirements shall be in accordance with AS 2047.1.6.2Test procedure The test sample shall be subjected to water sprayed uniformly and continuously over the exterior face of the test sample at a rate not less than 0.05L/m 2·s.s e d b y H O N G K O N G P O L Y T E C H N I C o n 02 J u n 2003At the start of the test,the water sprays shall operate for 5min with zero air pressure differential on the test sample.The test pressure shall be applied and maintained for 15min with the water sprays still operating.The pressure and water sprays shall then be removed from the test sample.6.3Inspection The visible internal surfaces of the test sample shall be inspected throughout the water spray operation.Any water appearing on the inside surfaces of the test sample shall be noted and recorded,with the extent and,if possible,the source of penetration of uncontrolled water.Uncontrolled water shall be as defined in AS 2047.1.7TEST REPORT The following information shall be reported:(a)Reference to this Standard,i.e.AS 4420.5.(b)The name of the laboratory,authority or organization that conducted the test.(c)The name of the client,sample manufacturer and installer,as appropriate.(d)An identification and detailed description of the test sample.(e)Dated drawings of the test sample showing modifications,if any.(f)Details of any leakages observed during the test.(g)Date on which the test was carried out.(h)Statement of compliance of the test sample with AS 2047.1.(PAGE 3IN THE HARD COPY IS BLANK)s e d b y H O N G K O N G P O L Y T E C H N I C o n 02 J u n 2003This Australian Standard was prepared by Committee BD/21,Windows.It was approved on behalf of the Council of Standards Australia on 15May 1996and published on 5August 1996.Review of Australian Standards.To keep abreast of progress in industry,Australian Standards are subject to periodic review and are kept up to date by the issue of amendments or new editions as necessary.It is important therefore that Standards users ensure that they are in possession of the latest edition,and any amendments thereto.Full details of all Australian Standards and related publications will be found in the Standards Australia Catalogue of Publications;this information is supplemented each month by the magazine ‘The Australian Standard’,which subscribing members receive,and which gives details of new publications,new editions and amendments,and of withdrawn Standards.Suggestions for improvements to Australian Standards,addressed to the head office of Standards Australia,are welcomed.Notification of any inaccuracy or ambiguity found in an Australian Standard should be made without delay in order that the matter may be investigated and appropriate action taken.Originated in part as AS 2047—1977.Previous editions AS 2047—1977and AS 2146—1978.Revised,amalgamated and redesignated in part as AS 4420.5—1996.This Standard was issued in draft form for comment as DR 95156.©CopyrightSTANDARDS AUSTRALIA Users of Standards are reminded that copyright subsists in all Standards Australia publications and software.Except where the Copyright Act allows and except where provided for below no publications or software produced by Standards Australia may be reproduced,stored in a retrieval system in any form or transmitted by any means without prior permission in writing from Standards Australia.Permission may be conditional on an appropriate royalty payment.Requests for permission and information on commercial software royalties should be directed to the head office of Standards Australia.Standards Australia will permit up to 10percent of the technical content pages of a Standard to be copied for use exclusively in-house by purchasers of the Standard without payment of a royalty or advice to Standards Australia.Standards Australia will also permit the inclusion of its copyright material in computer software programs for no royalty payment provided such programs are used exclusively in-house by the creators of the programs.Care should be taken to ensure that material used is from the current edition of the Standard and that it is updated whenever the Standard is amended or revised.The number and date of the Standard should therefore be clearly identified.The use of material in print form or in computer software programs to be used commercially,with or without payment,or in commercial contracts is subject to the payment of a royalty.This policy may be varied by Standards Australia at any time.s e d b y H O N G K O N G P O L Y T E C H N I C o n 02 J u n 2003s e d b y H O N G K O N G P O L Y T E C H N I C o n 02 J u n 2003。
澳大利亚铝合金门窗市场浅析
澳大利亚铝合金门窗市场浅析作者:王君陈明孟祥龙来源:《跨世纪》2009年第03期【摘要】近年来,随着国际间金融贸易额的不断增长,出口加工产品的产值已成为我国GDP的重要组成部分;由于国际和国内建筑业的迅猛发展,导致其相关行业也随之迅速兴旺起来,这些行业里就包括门窗幕墙业——建筑外装饰行业。
本文从市场规则、产品性能、产品结构等几方面,着重论述了澳大利亚铝合金门窗市场的基本情况和一般要求,在目前全球性金融危机的环境下,为我国铝合金门窗产品如何打入澳洲市场提供一些帮助。
【关键词】澳大利亚;铝合金门窗;贸易;发展【中图号】TU395【文献标示码】A【文章编号】1005-1074(2009)03-0056-011澳大利亚建筑业的基本情况澳大利亚是世界上最小的大陆,由6个州、两个地区组成,人口2051.86万(2006年3月)。
澳大利亚建筑市场规模比较大,近年来基础设施和非住宅建设的发展势头很猛。
根据澳大利亚工业资源投资部提供的数据,2004年住宅类建设占44%,而非住宅类和基础设施建设分别占21%和占35%。
澳大利亚建筑市场监管贯彻小政府的原则,建立了专门的工作机构,负责建筑市场的监管。
澳大利亚的建筑市场管理主要由各州、市地方政府负责。
澳大利亚的居住条件居世界领先地位。
典型的家居是三睡房独立砖瓦式花园住宅,即花园别墅,三分之二以上的民居由私人购买。
根据澳大利亚国家统计局1995年的统计资料表明:澳大利亚平均每0.98户家庭或2.7人拥有一幢(套)住宅,平均每幢(套)住宅的居住面积是187平方米。
澳大利亚建筑业发展迅猛,居住条件优越,必然带来作为其附属产业门窗市场的景气。
2澳大利亚铝合金门窗市场2.1基本情况澳大利亚房屋建筑上使用的门窗主要有以下几种类型:木门窗、塑钢门窗、铝合金门窗、铝木复合门窗等等。
由于澳大利亚气候比较温和,早期的铝合金门窗多以单玻非隔热为主,但随着其经济的不断高速增长及对建筑节能的逐渐重视,高能效的隔热铝合金门窗和铝木复合门窗的市场占有率渐渐加大。
IBAN工具安装指南说明书
Quick reference guide: Installation instructions for the IBAN toolGeneral noteThe information in this document corresponds to the latest state of development. SIX Interbank Clearing Ltd reserves the right to modify this document as needed at any time without prior notification.All rights are reserved for this document, including photomechanical reproduction, the saving in electronic media and translations into foreign languages.The manual has been painstakingly created, however errors and discrepancies cannot be completely ruled out. Swiss Interbank Clearing Ltd cannot assume legal responsibility or liability of any sort for errors and the consequences thereof.If you discover errors in this document or if you have improvement suggestions, then we would be grateful if you would report these to SIX Interbank Clearing:per e-mail to ************************* or per phone to +41 58 399 4420.IntroductionUsing the IBAN tool, customary account numbers of the participating financial institutions can be converted into the IBAN format (IBAN = I nternational B ank A ccount N umber). It functions as a tool for the updating of account numbers saved in the master data. This enhances data quality and accelerates payment traffic. The IBAN tool comes in both a Java and a Windows version. Both versions, along with the corresponding documentation, are available for downloading at www.iban.ch.Tips for usage▪For the conversion of individual account numbers the use of the online IBAN query from SIX Interbank Clearing is recommended. This tool is available at www.iban.ch.▪The IBAN tool is installed locally and can be used for mass conversions using file input and output as well as for individual queries through a GUI.▪For a mass conversion it is necessary to prepare the data in an input file in the specified format. The data needed to do so is to be exported from the master data of the ERP system and the updated data is to be subsequently imported.▪The IBAN can only be generated by the IBAN tool if the conventional account and the bank clearing number (BC no.) are correct. If the IBAN tool cannot generate an IBAN, the data is to be updated directly with the account holder or the IBAN and BC no. are to be requested.▪To ensure the regular updating of the participating financial institutions and the individual bank algorithms, the IBAN tool has a limited lifespan of six months, after which it must be reloaded.▪More extensive information about the IBAN tool can be found in the document entitled "Installation and usage instructions for the IBAN tool" and “IBAN generation and the IBAN tool: inter face description and usage possibilities for software companies and financial institutions” can be found at www.iban.ch (both documents are available only in German and French).Java versionJava version: InstallationCheck the Java (JRE/JAVA Runtime Environment) version on the PC:1.Open the Windows input window: Start → Execute → enter « cmd »2.Check the Java version: enter « java -version »3.Requirement: JRE Version 1.5 or higher (for Input-File in XML format: JRE Version 1.4.2._17 or _18).Updates can be obtained through the following link: /en/download/Downloading the IBAN tool:4.It is recommended that the following directories by created for the IBAN tool:In «C:\Programme» the directory «IBAN» and the two sub-directories «In» and «Out». The directory structure and naming can be set up individually. The following examples, however, are based upon this directory structure:5.Download the Java version of the IBAN tool at www.iban.ch and copy into the directory«C:\Programme\IBAN»6.It is recommended that the file names for the IBAN tool be changed from«dl_tkicch_standardisierung_ibantool.jar» to «ibantool.jar». This simplifies subsequent access.Java version: Queries in the IBAN toolMass processing using the input file:Further information on the format and processing using ASCII or XML file can be found in the corresponding documents at www.iban.ch.Preparation of input files using the example of an ASCII file using Excel:1.Download the necessary information (e.g. the beneficiaries account in conventional format) from themaster data of the ERP system.2.Create an Excel file*): Format cells according to the following structure:*) Please note: When setting up an Excel file in advance please note the mandatory leading zeroes in the sequence number.3.Save the csv file with the file name «input.csv» under «C:\Programme\IBAN\In».Bulk processing:4.Open the Windows input window: Start → Execute → enter «cmd»5.Start the bulk processing with the following order:java -jar C:\Programme\IBAN\ibantool.jar -a -i C:\Programme\IBAN\In\input.csv -oC:\Programme\IBAN\Out\output.csv6.An output file with the file name «output.csv» is to be created in «C:\Programme\IBAN\Out»7.The correctly created IBAN can now again be placed in the master data of the ERP system.8.Unconverted account numbers are to be updated with the account holder.Individual query through GUI:1.Open the Windows input window: Start → Execute → enter « cmd »2.Start the individual query: java -jar C:\Programme\IBAN\ibantool.jar -g3.In the GUI for the individual query enter the individual input data (BC/Post account numbers / SWIFT BICand conventional account numbers or ES encoding lines or segment or encoding lines with the account relevant-data) and start the IBAN generation.Windows versionWindows version: InstallationThe technical requirement is Windows 98 or higher as the operating system.1.Download the Windows version of the IBAN-Tool at www.iban.ch.2.Decompress IBANKernel.zip in a directory of your choice (e.g. «C:\Programme\IBAN») and call upIBANTest.exe.3.Subsequent integration in an application:∙Copy IBANKernel.DLL in a directory of your choice.∙Load DLL using LoadLibrary(...) or an equivalent function.Individual query through GUI:There is no GUI assessment from bulk processing - only individual queries are possible.4.In the GUI for the individual query enter the individual input data (BC/Post account numbers / SWIFT BICand conventional account numbers or ES encoding lines or segment or encoding lines with the account relevant-data) and start the IBAN generation.Quick reference guide: Installation instructions for the IBAN toolFeedback or questions regarding the IBAN toolFeedback or questions regarding the IBAN toolPlease direct any feedback or questions regarding use of the IBAN tool to the following address:SIX Interbank Clearing AGIBAN-SupportHardturmstrasse 2018021 ZürichTel: +41 58 399 4420E-Mail: *************************。
VIAVI Solutions T-BERD MTS -5800 网络测试器 IPv4 单播流量生成
Quick CardT-BERD®/MTS-5800 Network TesterEthernet Layer 3 Traffic GenerationThis document outlines how to use the T-BERD 5800 to generate IPv4 Unicast Traffic and measure Metro Ethernet key performance indicators (KPIs). A second T-BERD/MTS 5800 or compatible loopback device should be used at the far-end of the line under test for traffic loopback if you wish to measure KPIs.Equipment Requirements:•T-BERD/MTS-5800 equipped with thefollowing:o BERT software release V27.1 or greatero Ethernet test options:▪C510M1GE for 1 Gigabit or less▪C510GELAN for 10 Gigabit Ethernet▪C525GELAN for 25 Gigabit Ethernet▪C540GELAN for 40 Gigabit Ethernet▪C5100GELAN for 100 Gig Etherneto SFP, QSFP, or CFP4 optical transceiverto match the line under test•Patch Cables to match the T-BERD/MTSoptics and the line under test•Fiber optic inspection microscope (VIAVIFigure 1: Equipment Requirements P5000i or FiberChek Probe)•Fiber Optic Cleaning suppliesThe following information is required to complete the test:•Physical Interface (10/100/1000BASE-T, 1000BASE-LX, 10GBASE-LR, 100GBASE-LR4, etc.)•Auto Negotiation settings of the port under test•VLAN ID, if VLAN tagging is used•IP Address Parameters (DHCP or Static, Source IP, Default Gateway, Subnet Mask, andDestination IP)Fiber Inspection Guidelines:•All fiber end-faces must be clean and passan inspection test prior to connection.•Use the VIAVI P5000i, FiberChek Probe, orSidewinder microscope to inspect bothsides of every connection being used (SFPPort, bulkhead connectors, patch cords,etc.)Figure 2: Inspect Before You ConnectConnect to Fiber Under Test (FUT):1.For copper 10/100/1000BASE-T interfacetesting with the T-BERD/MTS 5800v2,connect the Port 1 10/100/1000 RJ-45 jackto the port under test using CAT 5E orbetter cable.2.For copper 10/100/1000BASE-T interfacetesting with the T-BERD/MTS 5800-100G,insert a copper SFP into the Port 1Figure 3: T-BERD 5800v2 Dual Port mainframe SFP+/SFP28 slot and connect to the portunder test using CAT 5E or better cable.3.For optical interfaces:•Insert SFP, QSFP, or CFP4 compatiblewith your physical interface into thePort 1 slot on the top of T-BERD.•Inspect and, if necessary, clean allfibers and bulkheads, as described onpage 1.•Connect the SFP, QSFP, or CFP4 to theport under test using a Single Mode orFigure 4: T-BERD 5800-100G mainframe Multimode jumper cable compatiblewith the interface under test.Launch and Configure Test:1.Press the Power button to turn on the test set and view the startup screen.ing the Select Test menu, Quick Launch menu, or Job Manager, launch an Ethernet, Layer 3Traffic, IPv4, Terminate test on port 1 for the desire physical interface. For example:Ethernet►10/100/1000►Layer 3 Traffic►IPv4►P1 Terminate.Figure 5: Startup Screen3.If the test is not in the default settings, tap the Tools icon and select .Tap and wait for test to reconfigure.4.Tap the Setup Soft Key to display the Interface settings tab.5.If you are testing a 10/100/1000 Electrical or 1GigE Optical tests with auto negotiationdisabled, select the Physical Layer tab and configure settings to match the Ethernet port under test.6.If the network under test uses VLAN tagging, select the Ethernet settings tab, set Encapsulationto VLAN, tap [VLAN] and enter your VLAN ID.7.Select the IP settings tab.8.Select the desired packet size in the Packet Length (bytes) setting.9.Select the Source/Destination Addresses field.a.Enter the Source IP, Default Gateway and Subnet Mask values.b.Set Destination IP to the desired IP Address.c.The T-BERD/MTS will resolve the destination IP address using the Address ResolutionProtocol (ARP). Once resolved, the button becomes available and you can useit to verify connectivity to the far-end loopback device.Figure 6: IP Settings10.Select the Traffic settings tab. Set Load Unit to Bit Rate and set Load to the desired traffic rateor Committed Information Rate (CIR).11.Tap the Results Soft Key, to view the Results screen.12.If using the optical test port on T-BERD/MTS press the Laser Off button at the bottom of thescreen to turn on the port laser. The button will turn yellow and be relabeled Laser On.13.Sync Acquired and Link Active LEDs are green. A green Signal Present LED ● indicates theT-BERD/MTS is receiving an optical signal from the port under test. Green Sync Acquired and Link Active LEDs indicate that the T-BERD/MTS has successfully connected to the port under test and the link is active.Contact Us +1 844 GO VIAVI(+1 844 468 4284)To reach the VIAVI office nearest you,visit /contacts.© 2018 VIAVI Solutions Inc.Product specifications and descriptions in thisdocument are subject to change without notice.Figure 7: Results Screen14.If you are testing head-to-head or if the loopback device is already in Local Loop Back (LLB) mode,proceed to step 15.Otherwise, Select the Actions tab in the Actions Panel and tap to loop up the far end device.15.Tap . The button will turn yellow and be relabeled .16.Tap the Restart Soft Key , on the right side of the screen. Verify that:•The Right Results window shows “Rx Mbps, L1” is approximately equal to the C IR.•The Right Results window shows Lost Frames = 0.17.Allow the Test to run for the desired duration. Verify that the Left Result window displays “ALLSUMMARY RESULTS OK” throughout the test.Figure 8: All Summary Results OK。
Echo ISA适配器说明书
Echo/ISAApplicationsEcho/ISA adapters offer eight asynchronous RS-232 and/or RS-422/485 serial ports for connecting data collection devices, barcode readers, time clocks, scales and many other serial devices. Echo/ISA adapters provide flexible, industrial strength solutions for control and automation applications using ISA bus compatible computers.products©2010, Connect Tech Inc.All other brands & product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holderFeatures∙ Eight asynchronous serial ports∙ RS-232 and/or RS-422/485 electrical interfaces∙ Supports data communications speeds up to 115.2 Kbps∙ ST16C554 UARTs with 64 bytes of TxD/RxD FIFO buffers control each port ∙ Eight pre-defined sets of I/O addresses are DIP switch selectable∙ IRQ lines are jumper selectable with a choice of IRQ lines 3, 4, 5, 7, 10, 11,12, 15. Echo/ISA adapters can be set to run on one, two, or no interrupts ∙ Independent port configuration with baud rates from 50 bps to 115.2 Kbps, data bits of 5, 6, 7 or 8; stop bits of 1, 1.5, or 2, and odd, even, or stick parity ∙ A choice of DB-9 or DB-25 cable harness connectors, RJ-45 module or DB-9 external connector box (custom connector solutions offered as well) ∙ Easy installation includes a comprehensive manual and driver softwareBenefitsHigh Performance CommunicationsAchieve reliable data transfer rates up to 115.2 Kbps. ST16C554 UARTs offer 64 bytes of FIFO buffers.Hardware FlexibilityEcho/ISA adapters provide the option of RS-232 or RS-422/485 electrical interfaces, including an available 4 RS-232 plus 4 RS-422/485 configuration. Multiple Echo/ISA boards may reside in a computer to accommodate largemulti-user or multi-channel I/O requirements. Port addresses and interrupt lines are DIP switch and jumper selectable. You can configure each port's baud rate, parity, data and stop bits independently and various connector options are offered to suit your needs. These features offer more hardware flexibility and adaptability for your application needs.Software CompatibilityEcho/ISA adapters support the most popular operating systems such as Linux, QNX, Solaris, SCO Unix, Windows 95/98/Me, Windows NT/2000, and Windows XP. This provides you with more software flexibility for your communication needs.Easy to UseThe Echo/ISA adapter comes ready for simple installation. Included are board, driver software, cable harness and a comprehensive manual.Diagnostics ToolsThe Echo/ISA adapter includes the Windows 95/98/Me software data line analyzer, SeePORT to help you diagnose communication problems and therefore minimize downtime.Warranty and ServiceConnect Tech, an ISO 9001 registered company, has provided high performance communication solutions since 1985, building and testing products to meet high standards of quality and reliability. The Echo/ISA adapter, like all Connect Tech products, is covered by our excellent, no cost customer support and a Lifetime Warranty.Guelph, Ontario URL: Canada N1K 1S6 Tel: 519- 836-1291 800-426-8979 Fax: 519-836-4878CTIX-00022, Rev. 0.01。
Windows Bootkit实现及其检测系统设计
Windows Bootkit实现及其检测系统设计
杨夕凯
【期刊名称】《计算机安全》
【年(卷),期】2012(000)005
【摘要】作为新型的劫持系统内核技术,Windows Bootkit具有较强的隐蔽性和免杀能力,引发了严峻的计算机安全问题.通过分析研究Windows Bootkit的实现方式,并结合可信计算检测原理,设计了一种基于可信计算技术的Windows Bootkit 检测系统,应用结果表明,该系统能检测出各种形式的Windows Bootklt,可有效增强Windows操作系统下计算机的安全性.
【总页数】4页(P51-54)
【作者】杨夕凯
【作者单位】华中科技大学计算机科学与技术学院,湖北武汉430074
【正文语种】中文
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1AS 4420.1—1996Australian Standard ®Windows—Methods of testMethod 1:Test sample,preparation for tests,and test sequence1SCOPE This Standard specifies requirements for a test sample,the methods of its preparation for tests,and the test sequence.2REFERENCED DOCUMENTS The following documents are referred to in this Standard:AS2047Windows in buildings 2047.1Part 1:Specification for materials and performance 2047.2Part 2:Code of practice —Construction,installation and maintenance 4420Windows—Methods of test 4420.0Part 0:General introduction and list of methods3DEFINITIONS For the purpose of this Standard the definitions in AS 2047,Parts 1and 2,apply.4TEST SAMPLE4.1Requirements for test sample The window test sample,with components,shall be representative both in size and shape of either—(a)the largest standard assembly in the product range as specified by the manufacturer;or (b)the largest assembly to be used on the specific building project.The materials and components of the test sample assembly shall be of the same type and size,and shall have similar details,methods of construction and surface finishes as those to be used in production.It is recommended that in the case of a timber specimen the manufacturer may present the specimen in a finished state,i.e.painted or stained,subject to the notation on the test report.The test sample shall be operative,i.e.5cycles of opening,closing,and locking prior to the testing.4.2Documentation of test sample The manufacturer shall supply dated copies of shop drawings and any other relevant information,such as installation manuals,to the test laboratory prior to the installation of the test sample.This documentation shall include the following information:(a)Elevations and sections of test sample.(b)Typical details of framing members and window panels,including intersections of members.(c)Recommended support details.s e d b y H O N G K O N G P O L Y T E C H N I C o n 02 J u n 2003(d)Details of all weather-seals,drainage,gaskets,joint sealants,hardware,and glazing materials,including glass type and thickness.(e)The expected rating or design wind pressure capacity of test sample assembly inaccordance to AS 2047.1.4.3Certificate of identity In addition to the documents specified in Clause 4.2,the manufacturer or client specifying the tests shall provide a statement to the test laboratory certifying that these documents accurately represent the test sample in all respects.5INSTALLATION OF TEST SAMPLE The test sample shall be closed and locked and supported around the outside perimeter in a manner simulating the typical mounting in the building,except that in the case of the operating force test,it is not applicable to lock the window.The perimeter of the test sample shall be sealed against air and water penetration.6PRE-LOADING An initial pressure equivalent to 50%of either the positive or negative test pressure shall be applied to the test sample and held for 1min.This shall be taken as a settling-in take-up period.7TEST SEQUENCE In the case of two or more tests listed in AS 4420.0being carried out in one laboratory work contract,the tests are recommended to be in the following sequence,as appropriate:(a)Deflection test under the specified positive and negative wind load.(b)Operating force test for sliding sashes.(c)Air infiltration test.(d)Water penetration resistance test.(e)Ultimate strength test.If the test sample requires modification to gaskets,joint seals or drainage details to enable it to pass either the air infiltration test or the water penetration resistance test,then both tests shall be repeated in full.Before retesting,the test sample shall be checked for being operative (see Clause 4.1)and the deflection test pressures,both positive and negative,shall be applied for 1min each to the test sample.Any modification to the test sample shall be noted on the respective drawing and the amendment coded thereon.(PAGE 3IN THE HARD COPY IS BLANK)s e d b y H O N G K O N G P O L Y T E C H N I C o n 02 J u n 2003This Australian Standard was prepared by Committee BD/21,Windows.It was approved on behalf of the Council of Standards Australia on 15May 1996and published on 5August 1996.Review of Australian Standards.To keep abreast of progress in industry,Australian Standards are subject to periodic review and are kept up to date by the issue of amendments or new editions as necessary.It is important therefore that Standards users ensure that they are in possession of the latest edition,and any amendments thereto.Full details of all Australian Standards and related publications will be found in the Standards Australia Catalogue of Publications;this information is supplemented each month by the magazine ‘The Australian Standard’,which subscribing members receive,and which gives details of new publications,new editions and amendments,and of withdrawn Standards.Suggestions for improvements to Australian Standards,addressed to the head office of Standards Australia,are welcomed.Notification of any inaccuracy or ambiguity found in an Australian Standard should be made without delay in order that the matter may be investigated and appropriate action taken.Originated in part as AS 2047—1977.Previous editions AS 2047—1977and AS 2146—1978.Revised,amalgamated and redesignated in part as AS 4420.1—1996.This Standard was issued in draft form for comment as DR 95154.©CopyrightSTANDARDS AUSTRALIA Users of Standards are reminded that copyright subsists in all Standards Australia publications and software.Except where the Copyright Act allows and except where provided for below no publications or software produced by Standards Australia may be reproduced,stored in a retrieval system in any form or transmitted by any means without prior permission in writing from Standards Australia.Permission may be conditional on an appropriate royalty payment.Requests for permission and information on commercial software royalties should be directed to the head office of Standards Australia.Standards Australia will permit up to 10percent of the technical content pages of a Standard to be copied for use exclusively in-house by purchasers of the Standard without payment of a royalty or advice to Standards Australia.Standards Australia will also permit the inclusion of its copyright material in computer software programs for no royalty payment provided such programs are used exclusively in-house by the creators of the programs.Care should be taken to ensure that material used is from the current edition of the Standard and that it is updated whenever the Standard is amended or revised.The number and date of the Standard should therefore be clearly identified.The use of material in print form or in computer software programs to be used commercially,with or without payment,or in commercial contracts is subject to the payment of a royalty.This policy may be varied by Standards Australia at any time.s e d b y H O N G K O N G P O L Y T E C H N I C o n 02 J u n 2003s e d b y H O N G K O N G P O L Y T E C H N I C o n 02 J u n 2003。