新版牛津译林8B-Unit2知识点和语法讲解(语法讲解的很好-有讲有练)

新教材牛津译林8B Unit21：I remember she went to Hainan ___________ last month.A at the endB at the end ofC in the endD in the end of2：When the boy lost his toy bear, he could’t stop _______________.A cryB to cryC to cryingD crying3：The trains running between Nanjing and Shanghai are fast. Its top s_________ can be as high as 350km per hour.4：The girl feels ______ at the _______ news.A .excited, excited B. exciting, excited C. excited, exciting D. exciting, exciting5： It is such a ____trip that I will ____ forget it forever.A fun, everB funny, neverC fun, neverD funny, ever三、课堂达标检测：测题1：根据所给中文完成句子1.I couldn’t stop _________ ________(拍照) with them2.I wasn’t __________(兴趣) in eating.3.My parents and I are having a really _______(美妙的) time here.4.The train moved at high _________(速度).5.People screamed with _________(激动) when the parade began.检测题3：翻译句子1.——你曾经去过那里吗？——不，没有。

但是我去过长城。

-- you _________ there?--No, I _________. But I have _________ ______ the Great Wall.2.我到香港已经两天了。

I _______ ______ _____ Hong Kong for two days.3.我忍不住给这些卡通人物拍了很多照片。

I _________ _________ __________ _________ photos for these cartoon characters.4.在整个乘坐期间，我们叫着笑着。

We were _________ and __________ __________ the ride5.我们匆忙到餐馆很快地吃了一顿饭。

We __________ _____ a restaurant to have a _______ __________ .6.在一天结束的时候，我们观看了烟火表演。

_________ ______ _______ ______ the day, we watched the fireworks show.7.我给我的同桌买了一对钥匙扣。

I brought______ ________ ________ key rings for my classmates.二、语法讲解一、知识点1:have/ has been to, have/ has gone to, have/ has been in的区别（1）have/ has been to：曾经去过，强调以往的经历。

如：The old man has been to Egypt when he was young.（2）have/ has gone to：去了某地，强调还没有回来。

如：---Where is your uncle? --- He has gone to the supermarket.（3）have/ has been in：待在某地，住在某地。

如：例：用have(has) been 或have(has) gone 填空。

A: Where ____________ Li Fei ___________?B: He ____________ to Hainan Island.A: How long ___________ he ___________ there?B: He _____________ there for three days.A: When will he come back, do you know?B: I’m afraid he won’t come back recently.A: Could you tell me the way to Hainan Island?B: Sorry, I _________ never ___________ there.A: How many times ___________ Li Fei __________ to that place?B: He _____________ there only once.知识点2: since和for 的用法区别和联系(1)since的用法A. since后可加时间点例：They have been here since last week.B. since引导时间状语从句时，后面的时间状语从句动词用一般过去时，主句动词用现在完成时例：They have learned English since they were 10 years old.(2)for的用法：for后加一段时间。

They have learned English for ten years.(3)since 和for 用法的相互转换：for +一段时间= since+ 一段时间+ agoThey have learned English for ten years. = They have learned English since ten years ago.(4)对since和for的提问用how long。

如：---How long have you been in Nanjing?----For three years. / Since three years ago.例：用for, since, ago填空。

1. Sally has been away from London ________ last Saturday.2. Our school has changed a lot ________ the new building was built.3. Tommy has had this motorcycle ________ three years.4. I have been in Nanjing ________ eight years.5. My parents has been married since twenty years ________.6. My cousin joined the army three months ________.知识点3:延续性动词和非延续性动词的用法（1）现在完成时与一段时间连用时应注意句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词，非延续性动词不能和一段时间连用。

如：翻译：这本书我从图书馆已经借了两个多星期了。

误：I have already borrowed the book for over two weeks.正：I have already kept the book for over two weeks.（2）非延续性动词与一段时间状语连用时可采用将非延续性动词转化为延续性动词的方式。

如：come—be here；go—be there; die--be dead; borrow--keep; buy--have; join--be in(be a member);leave--be away等。

1：—Do you miss your parents far away?—Yes, very much. They the hometown for over two years.A.leftB. have leftC. were away fromD. have been away from2：Alice in Wonderland ________ for 15 days and many of us like the film very much.A. beginsB. has begunC. began D has been on3：British Prince William(威廉王子) and Kate _________ for nearly two months.A. marriedB. have marriedC. have been marriedD. have got married4：Could you tell me how long __________ the football club?A. you have joinedB. have you joinedC. you have been inD. have you been in二、专题过关检测题（一）用所给词的正确形式填空1. —Would you like some bananas?—No, thanks. I (eat) one already.2. ---Turn off the radio, dear. Baby is sleeping.---There is no need. He ________(wake) up.3. Jerry, it’s the third time that you __________ (forget) to bring your math book.4. Jack and John___________________ (not speak) to each other for nearly five years before they become friends again.5. The Greens (collect) more than 1000 old clocks and watches in the past 5 years.6.－Do the old soldiers from Taiwan enjoy the welcome party ?－Yes. They are so excited to see their friends again. Most of them ________(not see) each other since 1949.7.She __________ (live) in this city for years .8. He has long wished to go to Dalian on business, but he ________ (not have) the chance yet.9. By the time he gets home, his wife ________ (do) all the housework..10. They _________ (eat) up all the food, but they still feel hungry.检测题（二）：同义句转换1) They borrowed it last week.They ____ ______it since ______ _______.2)I bought a pen two hours ago.I ______ ______a pen for ______ _______.3)He has gone to Beijing.He _____ ______ ______ Beijing for two days.4)He joined the league in 2002.He _____ ______ a _________ ______ the ________ for two years.5)My grandpa died in 2002.My grandpa _______ _____ ______for _______ ________.6）The shop closed two hours ago.The shop _______ ________ ______ for ________ _________.7）The door opened at six in the morning.The door ________ ________ ________ for six hours.五、完形填空It is a thousand kilometers across that desert(沙漠)．The road is good nearly all the way．Sometimes there is deep sand(沙)．A driver must then put his foot down hard and drive through ! There are three small l , along the way．Tom reached the first place, at 10 P．m．He had his 2 in a little restaurant there．It was a warm night in August．Torn wanted to 3 through the night.He left the restaurant at 11：30 and drove over two hours．There wasn’t the moon，but the 4 were wonderful．There was nothing else on the road．Tom thought．“It’s an empty desert。