Unit2 New Zealand Political system, Education and Economy
《英语国家概况》History of New Zealand课件
The Treaty of Waitangi
• Article 1. the Maori people gave the sovereign to the Queen of England.
• Article 2. the Maori people had exclusive rights on their lands forests, fisheries and other treasured possessions.
1. Major cities in NZ 2. Political systems in New Zealand 3. Maori culture
Websites:
/new-zealand/guidebook/ /home.cfm?c=3 1&CFID=156967&CFTOKEN=75688766
Assignment
Explanation: Treaty of Waitangi Question: What’s Maori culture? What’s the impact of Europeans’ colonization on Maori people?
In 1769, James Cook claimed New Zealand for England.
The Treaty of Waitangi 怀唐伊条约
On Feb 6th, 1840, the Treaty of Waitangi was signed by Maori people and British settlers.
Maori People in 20th Century
• In the early 20th century, the Young Maori Party achieved some success in promoting self-government and reviving Maori culture.
Politics of NewZealand
Politics of NewZealand （by 罗敏清）1.NewZwaland is a unitary state and a state of Constitutional monarchy.It is also amember of the Commonwealth.FederationFederalism, a number of joint units composed of reunification of the country. Federal countries are characterized by:First, the state as a whole and is a component of the alliance between the federal government to exercise state sovereignty is the main foreign exchanges.Second, with the nation's highest federal legislature and the executive authorities, the exercise of the highest national power, leading members of the Federation.Third, a federal countries agree to reunification of the Federal Constitution, on behalf of the State to comply with the interests of the uniform law.Fourth, the Federal Member States have their own legislative and executive authorities, have their own constitution, laws and nationality, the management of the domestic financial, taxation, culture, education and public administration affairs.Fifth, the Federation and the members of the division of authority, by the Federal Constitution. If members of the Federal Constitution and the Constitution of conflict, the Federal Constitution and the law to prevail.Unittary atates：A unitary state is divided into various local administrative divisions, its rule of the country according to needs, a regional breakdown of certain, principles of the results of national sovereignty ahead of the existence of the various administrative divisions, districts is not a political entity, does not have any of sovereignty. State itself is a unified whole, just to manage, before the territory divided into a number of administrative regions, and according to established local government, namely, the exercise of the powers of the local authority from the central authorities, not the local natural, and local autonomy or the right of autonomy from the country as a whole is conferred by the Constitution, the local government did not separate from the general right of the State.2、Role of local GovernmentCouncils now comprise:12 regional councils16 city councils57 district councils (including the Chatham Islands and four unitary councils which haveregional functions).The functions of regional councils areresource management (quality of water, soil, coastal planning etc)biosecurity control of regional plant and animal pestsriver management, flood control and mitigation of erosionregional land transport planning and contracting of passenger servicescivil defence (natural disasters, marine oil spill).The functions of territorial councils (district and city councils) are:community well-being and developmentenvironmental health and safety (including building control, civil defence, and environmental health matters)infrastructure (roading and transport, sewerage, water/stormwater)recreation and cultureresource management including land use planning and development control.Council responsibilitiesCouncils are required to make decisions and set directions for promoting the social, cultural, environmental and economic well-being of their communities. They contribute to the good governance of their communities.A council must:provide directly or on behalf of central government, adequate, equitable and appropriate services and facilities for the communityensure that the services provided are managed efficiently and effectively exercise community leadershipexercise its functions in a manner that is consistent with and actively promotesthe principle of cultural diversitymanage protect , develop, restore, enhance and conserve the environmentaccount for and manage assets for which it is responsiblefacilitate involvement of councilors, members of the public, users of facilities and services and council staff in the development, improvement and co-ordination of local governmentraise funds for local purposes by way of rates, charges and fees and investments, loans and grantskeep the local community informed about its activitiesensure that in the exercise of its regulatory functions it acts without bias act as a responsible employer.3、The central government can discribed into threeparts:legislative(Parliament),executive(Governmeny departments and agencies)and judicial(the courts)Improtant functions include passing laws,supervising the government’s administration(the government cannot raise or spend money wethout parliamentary approval)and receiving(ad acting on of possible)petitions from citizens weht grievances. 4. the votersAll live in New Zealand for at least one year and over 18 years of age of New Zealand citizens and permanent residents are eligible to register as voters (elector). Any registered as an elector for New Zealand citizens can participate in the election of Members of Parliament.the candidateNew Zealand Parliament usually have 120 members, including 67 "constituency Members" (electorate MPs) on behalf of 61 general constituency and six Maori candidates areas. Another 53 are registered on the list of candidates nominated by political parties elected "ranking members" (list MPs). In each constituency, the candidate received the most votes to become the constituency Members.Each political party was the party votes will decide the political parties in the 120-seat parliament in the proportion of. However, in a political party the right to occupy seats before the election the party must be more than 5.0% above the political parties in the vote, or to win at least one general or Maori candidates areas. Each comply with the provisions of the political parties was the "top seat," Instead of constituency seats won by the combination of which is the party in Parliament all of the seats. According to this method, the party of the total 120 seats in the proportion of the party in the generalelection will be equivalent to all the "effective party votes" (effectiveParty Votes), the ratio.According to the political parties before the election, the list ofcandidates for top-ranking seat allocation. Members rankedcandidates according to the list submitted by the political parties orderto become members.5. New Zealand head of state is Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ Majesty. Something about Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ:Elizabeth (Queen Elizabeth II), called the "United Kingdom of Great Britain and other territories and territories of the Queen, the heads of state of the Federation." April 21, 1926, born in London, was formerly Elizabeth Alexandra Mary (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary), the United Kingdom is the fourth generation Windsor dynasty monarch, King George VI's daughter. At the Imperial Palace, since childhood education, majoring in the history of the Constitution and the law. She history, language and music have skills, can speak fluent in French, Spanish and German. Participate in the post-World War II British auxiliary forces, driving and maintenance of motorcycle training. July 9, 1947, she and distant cousin Prince Philip of Greece and Denmark Mountbatten lieutenant (now the Duke of Edinburgh, Prince Philip) engagement, the same year on November 20 marriage.Queen Elizabeth II began in 1951 on behalf of King George VI at various official occasions. February 6, 1952 death of the king, her heir to the throne. June 2, 1953 coronation. December 2003, Queen Elizabeth II in London Edward VII Hospital for facial and knee surgery. Her doctor removed the facial skin with a bad left knee cartilage in thecrusher.British Queen is the hereditary head of state, with the exception of the United Kingdom, is also the Queen of Australia, New West, and the heads of state of Canada.Queen Elizabeth II has three sons and a daughter. Eldest son of heir to the throne Prince Charles, the second son Andrew, three sons, Edward, and daughter Princess Ailishiluoyisi.The Prime Minister of New Zealand is Clark.Something about Clark:Helen Elizabeth Clark ,1950-1954 of 26 Born in Hamilton, NewZealand. Graduated from the University of Auckland, the literaturedegree and a master's degree in literature, politics at the University ofAuckland, after eight years of coaching.Clark joined in the 1971 New Zealand Labor Party, the Labor Party in 1978, he was appointed member of the National Executive Committee,since 1993 the Labor Party leader. In 1981, Clark was elected to the NewZealand Parliament, the Government of New Zealand after the former Minister of Housing, Resource Conservation Minister, the Minister of Health, Labour Minister and the Deputy Prime Minister and so on. November 1999, Clark as New Zealand's first woman Prime Minister, has re-elected, and concurrently the arts, culture and heritage minister, minister of administrative services, security, communications intelligence minister and security minister.Clark wide interest, like reading, skiing, mountain climbing, travel, classical music. Her husband Peter Davis is a professor of medicine University of Auckland.。
(完整word版)英语国家概况-新西兰篇中英翻译
第六部分新西兰 Part Six New ZealandChapter33.New Zealand(capital: Wellington)惠灵顿1)新西兰的地理位置New Zealand’s geography:新西兰地处南太平洋，位于赤道和南极之间New Zealand is in the Southern Pacific Ocean,halfway between the equator and the South Pole.新西兰的面积与英国和日本相近。
它有2个主要的岛，北岛和南岛The size of the country is similar to Britain or Japan.It has two main islands:North Island and South Island新西兰位于国际日期变更线以西，所以它是世界上第一个迎接新一天到来的国家。
New Zealand is just west of the Internationnal Date Line,so it is the first country to get the new day.最高的山峰是库克山，海拔3764米。
陶波湖是新西兰最大的湖。
The highest peak is Mt Cook,3764M. Lake Taupo is the largest lake in New Zealand 南岛最大的河流是克鲁沙河，北岛最大的河流有2个，是怀卡托河和黄加雷河。
The largest rivers in South Island is the Clutha,and in the North Island is the Waikato and the wanganui.地震和火山是新西兰最严重的自然灾害。
Earthquakes and volcanoes are the most serious potential natural disasters.2)气候特征Characteristics of New Zealand’s climate;①气候温和generally temperates.②多样，最北端是亚热带气候，南岛一些山区则是亚寒带气候varied climate: In the far north it is subtropical and in some mountainous areas of South Island it is subarctic③.常年下雨Rain falls all year round新西兰阳光最充足的城镇是纳尔逊，西海岸的降雨量最大。
人教版高中英语必修一Unit2TravellingAround解题技巧总结(带答案)
人教版高中英语必修一Unit2TravellingAround解题技巧总结单选题1、The blacks in the country want to be treated ________ in education and employment. A．extremelyB．equallyC．actuallyD．obviously答案：B考查副词词义辨析。
句意：这个国家的黑人希望在教育和就业方面得到平等对待。
A. extremely很；非常；B. equally平等地；C. actually事实上；D. obviously显然地。
根据上下文“The blacks in the country want to be treated ________ in education and employment.”可知，这个国家的黑人希望能在教育和就业方面获得平等对待，故选B。
2、There was no signal in that faraway village and all my attempts ________ you failed.A．to contactB．contactingC．contactedD．having contacted答案：A考查非谓语动词。
句意：在那个遥远的村庄没有信号，因此我怎么也联系不上你。
attempt后面应用不定式作定语。
故选A。
3、The new traffic law has ________. It won’t be long before it is put into effect.A．gone throughB．set offC．come outD．made up答案：A考查动词短语辨析。
句意：新的交通法规已经通过了。
它不久就会生效。
A. gone through通过；B. set off出发；C. come out出版；D. made up组成。
根据后文“It won’t be long before it is put into effect.”可知，新的交通法规已经通过了，应用go through。
新高一New Zealand 教案
新高一New Zealand 教案一、教学目标1、让学生对新西兰的地理位置、气候、历史和文化有基本的了解。
2、培养学生的跨文化交流意识和对不同文化的尊重与欣赏。
3、提高学生的英语听说读写能力，特别是与新西兰相关的词汇和表达。
二、教学重难点1、重点（1）新西兰的地理特点，如主要城市、山脉、河流等。
（2）新西兰的独特文化，如毛利文化、传统艺术和体育。
2、难点（1）理解新西兰历史发展中的重要事件和影响。
（2）用英语准确表达对新西兰文化的感受和观点。
三、教学方法1、讲授法：讲解新西兰的基本知识。
2、讨论法：组织学生讨论新西兰文化与本地文化的差异。
3、多媒体展示法：通过图片、视频等让学生更直观地感受新西兰。
四、教学过程1、导入（1）展示一张新西兰的美丽风景图片，如皇后镇的湖光山色，提问学生：“你们知道这是哪里吗？”引发学生的兴趣。
（2）简单介绍今天的课程主题——新西兰，让学生对即将学习的内容有初步的期待。
2、知识讲解（1）地理位置通过地图展示新西兰在世界上的位置，指出其位于太平洋西南部，主要由南岛和北岛组成。
讲解新西兰周边的海洋和临近的国家。
（2）气候介绍新西兰的气候类型，如温带海洋性气候，强调其气候的特点，如温和多雨、四季温差不大等。
让学生了解气候对新西兰农业和旅游业的影响。
（3）历史讲述新西兰的历史发展，从毛利人的到来，到欧洲殖民者的入侵，再到现代新西兰的建立。
重点介绍一些重要的历史事件，如《怀唐伊条约》的签订。
（4）文化a 毛利文化：介绍毛利人的传统艺术，如纹身、木雕和编织；讲解毛利人的歌舞，如哈卡舞；强调毛利文化在新西兰社会中的重要地位。
b 饮食文化：介绍新西兰的特色美食，如海鲜、羊肉和奶制品，让学生了解新西兰饮食文化与其他国家的不同之处。
c 体育文化：讲述新西兰在橄榄球、帆船等体育项目上的成就，以及这些体育活动在新西兰人生活中的重要性。
3、小组讨论（1）将学生分成小组，讨论以下问题：a 你认为新西兰的文化与我们的文化有哪些相似之处和不同之处？b 如果你有机会去新西兰旅游，你最想去哪里？为什么？（2）每个小组推选一名代表进行发言，分享小组讨论的结果。
高一英语new-zealand课件2
Revision
I. Translate the following sentences into Chinese: 1.Your work is beyond all praise.
你的工作叫人赞不绝口
2.Can you show me the position of your school on the map?
European or British settlers 5. Today there are still many people in New Zealand who call England “the home country” , although it is a place where most of them have never been. England
5. Take possession of
Step5: Read the text again and do the exercises 1. It is made up of two large islands: North Island and South Island. New Zealand 2. The North Island is famous for an area of hot springs, some of which throw hot water high into the air. The hot springs
Auckland
Lies on the northwestern coast Christchurch Lies on the South Island
Step 4: Main and difficult points 1. Be made up of 2. A natural deep harbor 3. Make electricity 4. Sign an agreement with somebody
英语国家概况_新西兰
外语教学与研究出版社
VII. Education
quality education: secondary education, English language training or further and technical education provider of qualified teachers Universities in New Zealand: an international reputation as a provider of quality education a safe learning environment excellent study opportunities and support services for international students internationally respected for their academic and research standards a high level of research activity recognized internationally
外语教学与研究出版社
V. Economy
one of the most developed countries ranking 15th in the Economist’s 2005 worldwide quality-of-life index trade-oriented economy nicknamed the world’s largest farm vulnerable to changes in world economy
外语教学与研究出版社
Climate
全国使用最广泛的九种高中英语课本教材版本及单元目录
全国使用最广泛的九种高中英语课本教材版本及单元目录目前高中英语教材使用最广泛的有以下9种：新课标人 教版、人教版、外研版、牛津译林版、北师大版、冀教版、 重庆大学版、上海新世纪版、牛津上海版。
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JEMQRE]«gM2 SWEJftS*1a NEW 部限E 值冏◎ 01M一、高中英语教材人教版单元目录人教版高一上学期Unit 1 Good friendsUnit 2 English around the worldUnit 3 Going placesUnit 4 Unforgettable experiencesUnit 5 The silver screenUnit 6 Good mannersUnit 7 Cultural relicsUnit 8 SportsUnit 9 TechnologyUnit 10 The world around usUnit 11 The sounds of the worldUnit 12 Art and literature人教版高一下学期Unit 13 Healthy eatingUnit 14 FestivalsUnit 15 The necklaceUnit 16 Scientists at workUnit 17 Great womenUnit 18 New ZealandUnit 19 Modern agricultureUnit 20 HumourUnit 21 Body languageUnit 22 A world of fun人教版高二上学期Unit 1 Making a differenceUnit 2 New mediaUnit 3 Art and architectureUnit 4 A garden of poemsUnit 5 The British IslesUnit 6 Life in the futureUnit 7 Living with diseaseUnit 8 First aidUnit 9 Saving the earthUnit 10 Frightening nature人教版高二下学期Unit 11 Scientific achievementsUnit 12 Fact and fantasyUnit 13 The water planetUnit 14 Freedom fightersUnit 15 DestinationsUnit 16 The United States of America Unit 17 DisabilitiesUnit 18 InventionsUnit 19 The Merchant ofVeniceUnit 20 Archaeology人教版高三学期Unit 1 That must be a record！Unit 2 Crossing limitsUnit 3 The land down underUnit 5 Getting the messageUnit 7 A Christmas CarolUnit 8 Learning a foreign languageUnit 9 Health careUnit 10 American literatureUnit 11 Key to successUnit 12 EducationUnit 13 The mystery of the MoonstoneUnit 14 ZoologyUnit 15 Popular youth cultureUnit 16 Finding jobs二、高中英语教材新课标人教版单元目录新课标人教版高一上模块1、2模块1 Unit 1 Friendship模块1 Unit 2 English around the world模块1 Unit 3 Travel journal模块1 Unit 4 Earthquakes模块1 Unit 5 Nelson Mandel -- a modern hero模块2 Unit 1 Cultural relics模块2 Unit 2 The Olympic Games模块2 Unit 3 Computers模块2 Unit 4 Wildlife Protection模块2 Unit 5 Music新课标人教版高一下模块3、4模块3 Unit 2 Healthy eating模块3 Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note模块3 Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars 模块3 Unit 5 Canada - “The True North”模块4 Unit 1 Women of achievement模块4 Unit 2 Working the land模块4 Unit 3 A taste of English humour模块4 Unit 4 Body language模块4 Unit 5 Theme parks新课标人教版高二上模块5、6模块5 Unit 1 Great Scientists模块5 Unit 2 The United Kingdom模块5 Unit 3 Life in the future模块5 Unit 4 Making the news模块5 Unit 5 First Aid模块6 Unit 1 Art模块6 Unit 2 Poems模块6 Unit 3 A healthy life模块6 Unit 4 Global warming模块6 Unit 5 The power of nature新课标人教版高二下模块7、8选修模块7 Unit 1 Living well选修模块7 Unit 2 Robots选修模块7 Unit 3 Under the sea选修模块7 Unit 4 Sharing选修模块7 Unit 5 Travelling abroad选修模块8 Unit 1 A land of diversity选修模块8 Unit 2 C loning选修模块8 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions 选修模块8 Unit 4 Pygmalion选修模块8 Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors新课标人教版高三学期模块9、10选修模块9 Unit 1 Breaking records选修模块9 Unit 2 Sailing the oceans选修模块9 Unit 3 Australia选修模块9 Unit 4 Exploring planets选修模块9 Unit 5 Inside advertising选修模块10 Unit 1 Nothing ventured选修模块10 Unit 2 King Lear选修模块10 Unit 3 Fairness for all选修模块10 Unit 4 Learning effectively选修模块10 Unit 5 Enjoying novels三、高中英语教材外研版单元目录必修1Module 1 My First Day at Senior HighModule 2 My New TeachersModule 3 My First Ride on a TrainModule 4 A Social Survey -- My Neighbourhood Module 5 A Lesson in a LabModule 6 The Internet and Telecommunications必修2Module 1 Our Body and Healthy HabitsModule 2 No DrugsModule 3 MusicModule 4 Fine Arts - Western, Chinese and Pop Arts Module 5 NewspapersModule 6 Films and TV ProgrammesModule 7 Revision必修3Module 1 EuropeModule 2 Developing and Developed CountriesModule 3 The Violence of NatureModule 4 Sandstorms in AsiaModule 5 Great people and Great InventionModule 6 Old and NewModule 7 Revision必修4Module 1 Life in the futureModule 2 Traffic JamModule 3 Body Language and Non-Verbal Communication Module 4 Great ScientistsModule 5 A Trip Along the Three GorgesModule 6 Unexplained Mysteries of the Nature World Module 7 Revision必修5Module 2 A Job Worth DoingModule 3 Adventure in Literature and the Cinema Module 4 CarnivalModule 5 The Great Sports PersonalityModule 6 Animals in DangerModule 7 Revision外研版第五册综合选修6Module 1 Small TalkModule 2 Fantasy Literature - Philip Pullman Module 3 Interpersonal Relationships -- Friendship Module 4 MusicModule 5 CloningModule 6 War and PeaceModule 7 Revision选修7Module 1 BasketballModule 2 Highlights of My Senior YearModule 3 LiteratureModule 4 Music Born in AmericaModule 5 Ethnic CultureModule 6 The World’s Cultural HeritageModule 7 Revision选修8Module 1 Deep SouthModule 3 Foreign FoodModule 4 Which English?Module 5 The Conquest of the UniverseModule 6 The Tang PoemsModule 7 Revision选修9Module 1 Bernard Shaw’’s PygmalionModule 2 DNA- the Secret of LifeModule 3 The Qin Tomb and the Terracotta Warriors Module 4 Languages of the WorldModule 5 The First AmericansModule 6 Why Do We Need DictionariesModule 7 Revision选修10Module 1 Pride and PrejudiceModule 2 Australia and New ZealandModule 3 Slavery and the American Civil War Module 4 The Magic of FilmModule 5 High-tech LivingModule 6 The Maple Leaf CountryModule 7 Revision选修11Module 1 The Boston Tea PartyModule 2 The Long Walk to FreedomModule 3 Ernest HemingwayModule 4 Sherlock HolmesModule 6 The Unitde NationsModule 7 Revision四、高中英语教材牛津译林版单元标题牛津版高一上学期School life模块1 Unit1模块1 Unit 2 Growing pains模块1 Unit 3 Looking good, feeling good模块2 Unit 1 Tales of the unexplained模块2 Unit 2 Wish you were here模块2 Unit 3 Amazing people牛津版高一下学期模块3 Unit 1 The world of our senses模块3 Unit 2 Language模块3 Unit 3 Back to the past模块4 Unit 1 Advertising模块4 Unit 2 Sporting events模块4 Unit 3 Tomorrow’s world牛津版高二上学期模块5 Unit 1 Getting along with others模块5 Unit 2 The environment模块5 Unit 3 Science versus nature模块6 Unit 1 Laughter is good for you模块6 Unit 2 What is happiness to you?模块6 Unit 3 Understanding each other模块6 Unit 4 Helping people around the world牛津版高二下学期模块7 Unit 1 Living with technology模块7 Unit 2 Fit for life模块7 Unit 3 The world online模块7 Unit 4 Public transport模块8 Unit 1 The written world模块8 Unit 2 The universal language模块8 Unit 3 The world of colours and light模块8 Unit 4 Films and film events牛津版高三上学期模块9 Unit 1 Other countries, other cultures模块9 Unit 2 Witnessing time模块9 Unit 3 The meaning of colour模块9 Unit 4 Behind beliefs模块10 unit 1 building the future模块10 unit 2 people on the move模块10 unit 3 protecting ourselves模块10 unit 4 law and order模块11 unit 1 careers and skills模块11 unit 2 getting a job模块11 unit 3 the secret of success模块11 unit 4 the next step 第一轮复习牛津版高三下学期二轮复习五、高中英语教材北师大版单元标题北师大版高一上学期模块1 Unit 1 Lifestyles模块1 Unit 2 Heroes模块1 Unit 3 Celebration模块2 Unit 4 Cyberspace模块2 Unit 5 Rhythm模块2 Unit 6 Design模块1 复习模块2 复习北师大版高一下学期模块3 Unit 7 The Sea模块3 Unit 8 Adventure模块3 Unit 9 Wheels模块3 复习模块4 Unit 10 Money模块4 Unit 11 The Media模块4 Unit 12 Culture Shock 模块4 复习北师大版高二上学期模块5 Unit 13 People模块5 Unit 14 Careers模块5 Unit 15 Learning模块5 综合或复习模块6 综合或复习模块6 Unit 16 Stories模块6 Unit 17 Laughter模块6 Unit 18 Beauty北师大版高二下学期选修模块7 Unit 19 Language选修模块7 Unit 20 New Frontiers选修模块7 Unit 21 Human Biology选修模块8 Unit 22 Environmental Protection选修模块8 Unit 23 Conflict选修模块8 Unit 24 Society北师大版高三学期选修模块9 Unit 25 Going Global选修模块9 Unit 26 Emotions选修模块9 Unit 27 Behaviour选修模块10 Unit 28 Health选修模块10 Unit 29 Education选修模块10 Unit 30 Relationships选修模块11 Unit 31 Personal Preferences选修模块11 Unit 32 Modern Living选修模块11 Unit 33 Truth and Lies六、高中英语教材冀教版单元标题必修模块1Unit 1 Being a TeenagerUnit 2 FriendshipUnit 3 Men and Women Different Roles in Society Unit 4 Movies from the East, Views from the West Unit 5 Literature:The Dream KeeperUnit 6 Learning through TravelUnit 7 To Your Good HealthUnit 8 New ideas and Inventions必修模块2Unit 1 School LifeUnit 2 FamilyUnit 3 Keeping SafeUnit 4 Let’s Talk MusicUnit 5 Experiencing LiteratureUnit 6 Planning a TripUnit 7 Culture and Cultural Diversity Unit 8 The Story of English必修模块3Unit 1 What Kind of Learner Am IUnit 2 Food for ThoughtUnit 3 The ComputerUnit 4 Attitudes towards our Elders Unit 5 Literature for IdentityUnit 6 GeographyUnit 7 New waves of TechnologyUnit 8 Protecting the Environment必修模块4Unit 1 What shapes our Identity?Unit 2 Using the InternetUnit 3 New Discoveries in Science Unit 4 The Olympic GamesUnit 5 Literature for HappinessUnit 6 Confucius and To day’s SocietyUnit 7 Teenagers, Fashion and Advertising Unit 8 Celebrities and Role Models必修5Unit 1 Exploring Learning ResourcesUnit 2 Managing Your TimeUnit 3 The Story of SuccessUnit 4 Literature for TruthUnit 5 Words and How We Use ThemUnit 6 Teenagers and TelevisionUnit 7 Studying Abroad: What You Need to Know Unit 8 Planning Your Career选修6Unit 1 Achieving Your BestUnit 2 Relieving stress in Your LifeUnit 3 Chinese ExperiencesUnit 4 What’s Being Gifted?Unit 5 Great ScientistsUnit 6 The Great WallUnit 7 Family FestivalsUnit 8 Science Fiction选修7Unit 1 Health MattersUnit 2 Global WarmingUnit 3 Qi Baishi and chinese paintingUnit 4 Self controlUnit 5 Literature for self-under-standing Unit 6 Exploring chinatownUnit 7 Sherlock HolmesUnit 8 Rules Are Rules!选修8Unit 1 Educational ExchangeUnit 2 The Changing English LanguageUnit 3 The Rise of BioengineeringUnit 4 George WashingtonUnit 5 Literature: Poems by and for the PeopleUnit 6 Manners, Customs and CulturesUnit 7 Caring for Each OtherUnit 8 Humankind and Nature选修9Unit 1 Growing UpUnit 2 Literature For LoveUnit 3 Organtic Food and FarmingUnit 4 WeatherUnit 5 MisunderstandingsUnit 6 Ludwig Van BeethovenUnit 7 The Story of TroyUnit 8 Technology and Modern Way of Life选修10Unit 1 Martin Luther King and the Civil Rights Movement Unit 2 Travelling in ChinaUnit 3 CloningUnit 4 EarthquakesUnit 5 Chinese MedicineUnit 6 Literature of DilemmaUnit 7 Fables, Legends and MythsUnit 8 What Can We Do to Protect Our Environment?七、高中英语教材重庆大学版单元标题重庆大学版高一上学期I、Unit 1 Our SchoolsUnit 2 TeachersUnit 3 SchoolmatesUnit 4 SportsUnit 5 MusicUnit 6 FilmsUnit 7 Food and HealthUnit 8 Houses and LivingUnit 9 Clothes and FashionII、Unit 1 Learning English ReadingUnit 2 DictionaryUnit 3 The Story of Helen KellerUnit 4 ConfidenceUnit 5 HonestyUnit 6 Helping PeopleUnit 7 HolidaysUnit 8 FoodUnit 9 Travel重庆大学版高一下学期m、Unit 1 Friends and FriendshipUnit 2 Between Parents and UsUnit 4 DreamsUnit 5 Wishes and AmbitionsUnit 6 PerseveranceUnit 7 ArtUnit 8 DramaUnit 9 Poetryw、Unit 1 Project HopeUnit 2 Three GorgesUnit 3 Countries and RegionsUnit 4 PlantsUnit 5 AnimalsUnit 6 Man and PetsUnit 7 NeighborhoodUnit 8 WorkplaceUnit 9 Living Today重庆大学版高二上学期V、Unit 1 History of the Olympic Games Unit 2 Famous People in the OlympicsUnit 3 Beijing 2008Unit 4 The Planet We Live onUnit 5 History and PeopleUnit 6 Antarctica and the Environment Unit 7 The Internet and Our LifeUnit 8 Magic InternetUnit 9 Computers and the Web w、Unit 1 The Coqui in HawaiiUnit 2 Troublesome TravelersUnit 3 Seeking AdviceUnit 4 A Good Heart to Lean on Unit 5 I Have a DreamUnit 6 A Day’s Wait重庆大学版高二下学期皿、Unit 1 Getting Along with Parents Unit 2 Getting Along with Others Unit 3 HistoryUnit 4 CivilizationUnit 5 Stress and MemoryUnit 6 Dreams Reading皿Unit 1 NamesUnit 2 Non-verbal Communication Unit 3 Going HomeUnit 4 Man of VirtueUnit 5 Wonders of Our BodyUnit 6 Experiencing the Wonders重庆大学版高三学期IX、Unit 1 Chicken Soup for the Soul Unit 2 Eternal LoveUnit 3 Holidays and FestivalsUnit 4 The Delights of BooksUnit 5 Traveling WorldwideUnit 6 Entertaining UsX、Unit 1 About EnglishUnit 2 Life as a PoemUnit 3 Mass MediaUnit 4 MannersUnit 5 Speaking SkillsUnit 6 Beauty of NatureXI、Unit 1 Movie and MusicUnit 2 SpaceUnit 3 World of MysteriesUnit 4 Popular CultureUnit 5 How to Do ThingsUnit 6 Job and Interview八、高中英语教材上海新世纪版单元标题高一上册Unit 1 occupationsUnit 2 Success storiesUnit 3 English mannersUnit 4 Holidays and festivalsUnit 5 Animal friendsUnit 6 Cartoons and comic stripsUnit 7 MetropolisesUnit 8 HackingUnit 9 Personal hygieneMoudle 1综合Moudle 2综合Moudle 3综合高一下册Unit 1 travelling around China Unit 2 travelling around the world Module 1综合Unit 3 English is changingUnit 4 A cushion or a kissMoudle 2综合Unit 5 Classical and popular music Unit 6 Going to the CinemaModule 3综合Unit 7 NewspapersUnit 8 MagazineModule 4综合高二上册Unit 1 Eating Around the World Unit 2 Global DrinksUnit 3 Sports HeroesUnit 4 Sports Around the World Unit 5 AnimalsUnit 6 The EnvironmentUnit 7 Shopping ExperiencesUnit 8 AdvertisingMoudle 1综合Moudle 2综合高二下册Unit 1 Words and their stories Unit 2 Using body lauguageUnit 3 On the friendshipUnit 4 Moving storiesUnit 5 Great scientistsUnit 6 Amazing achievemtnsUnit 7 Enjoying the classics (1) Unit 8 Enjoying the classics (2) Unit 9 AdventuresUnit 10 DisastersMoudle 1综合Moudle 2综合Moudle 3综合Moudle 4综合Moudle 5综合高三上册Unit 1 Our Common HomeUnit 2 Limited OceanMoudle 1综合Unit 3 Short StoriesUnit 4 DramaMoudle 2综合Unit 5 Wonders in ArchitectureUnit 6Moudle 3综合Unit 7Unit 8高三下册Unit 1 Two GenerationsUnit 2 Growing upUnit 3 Our SpaceUnit 4 Space ExplorationUnit 5 Future EducationsUnit 6 Career PreparationMoudle 1综合Moudle 2综合Moudle 3综合九、上海牛津版高中英语教材详细目录高一上Module 1 The Human BodyUnit 1 Body LanguageUnit 2 Care for HairModule 2 Colourful LifeUnit 3 A Taste of TravelUnit 4 EntertainmentModule 3 Food for ThoughtUnit 5 Think before You EatUnit 6 Fun Food高一下Module 1 Extraordinary TalesUnit 1 A Trip to the TheatreUnit 2 Great MindsModule 2 The Natural WorldUnit 3 PlantsUnit 4 Creatures Large and Small Module 3 Ideas and ViewpointsUnit 5 Problems and AdviceUnit 6 A Variety of Viewpoints 高二上Module 1 After-school ActivitiesUnit 1 Sporting EventsUnit 2 Continuous Learning Module 2 Aspects of Modern LifeUnit 3 Contemporary StyleUnit 4 Big BusinessesModule 3 The World of ScienceUnit 5 Technology all around usUnit 6 Space Exploration高二下Module 1 HappinessUnit 1 What is Beauty?Unit 2 Laughter HealsModule 2 The Power of ImagesUnit 3 ColoursUnit 4 Painting the World Module 3 Our Fragile Environment Unit 5 Living in HarmonyUnit 6 Problems and Solutions 高三上Module 1 The people around usUnit 1 Reaching OutUnit 2 Society and Change Module 2 The Things We DoUnit 3 TravelUnit 4 Family Celebrations Module 3 A Taste of LiteratureUnit 5 A Tale with a TwistUnit 6 A Wilde Play for LoveUnit 7 The Poetry of Nature高三下Module 1 Man and AnimalsUnit 1 Endangered AnimalsUnit 2 Wonderful Sea AnimalsModule 2 Caring about Your FutureUnit 3 It's Not Just a JobUnit 4 Job SearchingModule 3 A Taste of LiteratureUnit 5 The Surprising Stories of O.Henry Unit 6 Communicating with Helen Keller Unit 7 Famous Stories Retold。
Unit2IconicAttractions逐词英语释义汇总清单-高中英语人教版选择性
高中英语选必四Unit2逐词英语释义1.iconic: 标志性的，象征性的widely recognized and wellestablished as a symbol or representation of something2.foundation: 基础，基金会the basis or groundwork of something, an organization established to provide financial or other support for a particular purpose3.political: 政治的relating to the government or the public affairs of a country, involving or concerned with politics4.didgeridoo: 迪吉里杜管a musical instrument of Australian Aboriginal origin, consisting of a long wooden tube that is blown into to produce a deep, resonant sound5.located: 位于，坐落situated in a particular place or position6.equator: 赤道an imaginary line drawn around the Earth equally distant from both poles, dividing the Earth into northern and southern hemispheres7.koala: 竞争者a small, treedwelling marsupial native to Australia, known for its round face, large ears, and thick fur8.barbecue: 烧烤a meal or gathering at which meat, fish, or other food is cooked outdoors over an open fire or on a grill9.bakery: 面包店，糕点店a place where bread and cakes are made or sold10.joint: 关节，接合处a point at which two or more parts are joined together11.butcher: 屠夫，肉贩a person who sells meat or prepares it for cooking by cutting or trimming it12.premier: 首席的，总理first in importance, rank, or position, the head of a government or state13.herb: 草本植物，香草a plant or a part of a plant that is used for its flavor, scent, or therapeutic properties14.dim sim: 点心a type of Chineseinspired dumpling found in Australia and New Zealand, typically filled with meat or vegetables and steamed or deepfried15.hollow: 空心的，凹陷的having a hole or empty space inside, sunken or concave16.vibrate: 震动，振动move or cause to move continuously and rapidly to and fro17.horn: 角，喇叭a hard permanent outgrowth, often curved and pointed, found on the head of certain animals18.pitch: 音高，场地the quality of a sound governed by the rate of vibrations producing it, an area of ground marked out or used for play in an outdoor team game19.straightforward: 简单明了的，直截了当的unplicated and easy to do or understand, honest and frank20.slogan: 口号a short and striking or memorable phrase used in advertising or as a rallying cry21.minister: 部长，牧师a person appointed to a high office in government or church, especially a cabinet minister or a clergyman22.prime minister: 首相，总理the head of a government or state in many countries, usually the leader of the largest party in parliament23.frog: 青蛙a small tailless amphibian with a short body, moist smooth skin, and long hind legs for leaping24.arrow: 箭头，箭a shaft sharpened at one end, shot from a bow as a weapon or for sport25.entitle: 给...权利，给...资格give someone the right to do or have something, qualify (someone) for a particular title or privilege26.getaway: 逃走，度假an act or instance of escaping or going away, a vacation or trip taken to escape from everyday life or routine27.dive: 潜水，跳水plunge head first into water or plunge downward rapidly, participate in an activity involving jumping or falling from a great height28.kayaking: 划独木舟the sport or activity of traveling in a kayak, a small narrow boat propelled by a doublebladed paddle29.peak season: 旺季，高峰期the time of year when the most people go on vacation or engage in a particular activity, the busiest or most popular period30.freedom: 自由，自由权the power or right to act, speak, or think as one wants without hindrance or restraint31.domain: 领域，域名an area of territory owned or controlled by a ruler or government, a distinct subset of the Internet with addresses sharing a mon suffix or under the control of a particular organization or individual32.sponsor: 赞助商，发起人a person or organization that provides funds or support for a project, activity, or event33.liberty: 自由，自由权the state of being free within society from oppressive restrictions imposed by authority on one's way of life, behavior, or political views34.golf: 高尔夫球a game played on a large openair course, in which a small hard ball is struck witha club into a series of small holes in the ground35.strait: 海峡，困境a narrow passage of water connecting two seas or two large areas of water, a difficult situation or position36.sample: 样品，样本a small part or quantity intended to show what the whole is like, a representative selection or specimen for testing or analysis37.monument: 纪念碑，纪念物a statue, building, or other structure erected to memorate a notable person or event38.kiwi: 几维鸟，猕猴桃a flightless bird native to New Zealand, or a small brown fruit with green flesh and black seeds39.geyser: 间歇泉，喷泉a hot spring that intermittently sends up fountainlike jets of water and steam into the air40.sulphuric pool: 硫磺池a pool or body of water containing sulfur or sulfur pounds41.manuka honey: 曼努卡蜂蜜a type of honey produced in New Zealand from the nectar of the manuka tree, known for its unique flavor and potential health benefits42.bungee jumping: 蹦极跳a recreational activity that involves jumping from a tall structure while connected to a large elastic cord43.a flock of: 一群，一批a group of birds, sheep, or goats, or a large number of people or things44.geothermal park: 地热公园a park or area of land where geothermal activity, such as hot springs45.distribution: 分配，分发the action of sharing something out among a number of recipients, the way in which something is spread or arranged over an area or group of people46.pouch: 小袋，口袋a small flexible baglike container, a pocket or similar receptacle on a garment47.temporary: 暂时的，临时的lasting for only a limited period of time, not permanent48.phase: 阶段，时期a distinct period or stage in a process of change or development, a particular aspect or feature of something49.trunk: 树干，象鼻the main stem of a tree, an elephant's elongated nose and upper lip50.licensed: 有执照的，获得许可的officially authorized or permitted to do something, having obtained a license or official permission to do something51.license: 执照，许可a permit from an authority to own, use, or do something, a legal document giving official permission to do something52.session: 会议，会期a meeting of a deliberative or judicial body to conduct its business, a period devoted to a particular activity53.frequency: 频率，频繁程度the rate at which something occurs over a particular period of time, the fact of being frequent or happening often54.violent: 暴力的，猛烈的using or involving physical force intended to hurt, damage, or kill someone or something, characterized by intense or turbulent motion55.violence: 暴力，暴行behavior involving physical force intended to hurt, damage, or kill someone or something, extreme force or intensity of emotion or an activity56.nest: 巢穴，窝a structure or place made or chosen by a bird for laying eggs and sheltering its young,a place where an animal or insect breeds or shelters57.mammal: 哺乳动物a warmblooded vertebrate animal of a class that includes humans and all other animals that nourish their young with milk58.biology: 生物学the study of living organisms, including their physical structure, chemical processes, molecular interactions, physiological mechanisms, development, and evolution59.hatch: 孵化，孵出emerge from an egg, develop or cause to develop from an immature to a mature state60.capacity: 容量，能力the maximum amount that something can contain, the ability or power to do, experience, or understand something61.a handful of: 一把，少量的a small number or quantity of people or things that can be held in one hand62.fence: 栅栏，围墙a barrier, railing, or upright structure enclosing an area, typically made of wood or wire and used for protection or privacy63.prison: 监狱，牢房a building in which people are legally held as a punishment for a crime they have mitted, a place of confinement or captivity64.grand: 宏伟的，豪华的magnificent and imposing in appearance, marked by a regal formality and stateliness in manner or appearance。
高中英语Module 2 Australia and New Zealand-A text stru
Module 2 Australia and New ZealandPart TwoTeaching ResourcesSection 1 A text structure analysis of Australia and New Zealand 1.Type of writing and summary of Australia –the Most Dangerous Place on the Planetof writing and summary of New Zealand –Middle Earth in the Lord of the Rings2.Type3. A box graph of Australia – the Most Dangerous Place on the Planet4. A box graph ofNew Zealand – Middle Earth in The Lord of the Rings5. Arepeat version to Australia –the Most Dangerous Place on the PlanetAustralia has someof the mostdangerous creatures in the world and many of them live in or near the sea. That ’s why some of the most beautiful beaches in northern and north-eastern Australia almost always pletely empty. The following are some dangerous animals you must pay attention to.The box jellyfish is one of the most deadly creatures on earth and lives in northern and north- eastern Australia. The poison in its tentacles (which may be two or three meters long) is so strong that it feels like a massive electric shock. Victims only survive an attack if they get immediate medical attention.Australia has over 140 species of land snakes, and around 32 species of sea snakes. About 100 Australian snakes are poisonous, and there are 12 that can kill you with a bite. The most poisonous snake in Australia (and the world) is the taipan;its venom is strong enough to kill 100 adults with only one bite.North-eastern Australia is also home to the salt water crocodile, a creature which is seven meters long, and very ugly! They sleep and swim on the bottom of the sea, making it difficult to see --- until it’s late. They never swallow humans, but have enough power to break them in half.The great white shark is a very large species of shark. The largest of them is found in Australia. The largest one ever recorded was 6.4 meters long, and weighed 3,312 kilograms. Great white sharks have about 3,000 teeth, arranged in several rows.6. A repeat version to -- New Zealand – Middle Earth inthe Lord of the Rings New Zealand is a country of outstanding natural beauty. It was the perfect location for the filming of The Lord of the Rings. The director of the three films, Peter Jackson said: “It took two years to make the films, but millions of years to build the set!”The locations for Mordor, Hobbiton and MountDoom were among the most important places for Jackson to find. Finally the rolling hills of Matamata in NorthIsland became Hobbiton and the location for Mordor was the rocky plateau of Tongariro National Park. The volcanic region of MountRuapehu was transformed into the fiery MountDoom.This breathtaking country was the background for the three spectacular films; the films won a total of 17 Academy Awards (Oscars)。
英语国家社会与文化newzealandunit2economy
The Westminster system is a democratic parliamentary system of government modeled after the politics of the United Kingdom. This term comes from the Palace of Westminster, the seat of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.The system is a series of procedures for operating a legislature立法机构. It is used, or was once used, in the national legislatures and sub-national legislatures of most Commonwealth 英联邦and ex-Commonwealth nations upon being granted responsible government, beginning with the first of the Canadian provinces in 1848 and the six Australian colonies between 1855 and 1890.New Zealand(part 2)Part I. Government•What type of government does New Zealand gov ernment belong to?Parliamentary democracy as a sovereign independent state, with a parliamentary government and a constitutional monarchy.Since 1907, the country has been an independent member of the British Commonwealth. Queen Elizabeth II is Queen of New Zealand as well as Britain. She is represented in New Zealand by the Governor-General, who is a New Zealander. Government is drawn from a parliament and headed by a prime minister. Since the 1930s, government has alternated between the National and Labour parties.New Zealand is a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary democracy. Although it has no codified constitution,the Constitution Act 1986 is the principal formal statement of New Zealand's constitutional structure. Queen Elizabeth II is the head of state and is titled Queen of New Zealand under the Royal Titles Act 1974. She is represented by the Governor-General, whom she appoints on the exclusive advice of the Prime Minister, who is a New Zealander.The Sovereign⏹Queen Elizabeth II is the head of state⏹Her representative is the governor general⏹She has symbolic and ceremonial role and not involved in the day-to-day running of the governmentThe Governor General⏹Appointed by the Sovereign(君主)on the Prime Minster‘s recommendation for a term of 5 yearMain function :ask the leader of the majority Party to form a government; Be able to makeregulations and his of her assent is required for all Bills passed by the House of Representatives before they can become lawParliament⏹two parts the Sovereign 君主and the House of RepresentativesParliament House of Representative⏹The House’s responsibilities: debate and pass legislation; provide a Government; supervise the administration; supply money; represent the views of the people of New Zealand A constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary democracyA constitutional monarchy (a country ruled by a king or queen whose powers are limited by a constitution)Head of state : Queen Elizabeth IIRepresented by Governor-General : Appointed by the queen exclusively under the advice of PM Exercising the Crown’s powers to appoint and dismiss ministers and to dissolve 解散Parliament Chairing 使任职the Executive Council, a formal committee consisting of all ministers of the CrownA constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary democracyA parliamentary democracy 议会民主A parliamentary system is a system of government in which the ministers of the executive branch get their democratic legitimacy from the legislature and are accountable to that body, such that the executive and legislative branches are intertwined.democracy ：a system of government in which people vote in elections to choose the people who will govern themOne-chamber ['t ʃeimb ə] Parliament: the House of Representatives （ a government having only one legislative or parliamentary chamber ）●PM●Cabinet ●PublicMany parliaments or other legislatures consist of two chambers (or houses): an elected lower house, and an upper house or Senate which may be appointed or elected by a different mechanism from the lower house. This style of two houses is called bicameral.两院制Legislatures with only one house are known as unicameral.一院制120 Members of ParliamentParliamentary general elections: held every three years under a form of proportional representation (比例代表制) called Mixed Member Proportional.PM: the Parliamentary leader of the governing party or coalition联合（of two parties）Cabinet: the most senior policy-making body and led by the PM* Proportional representation is a category of electoral formula aiming at a close match between the percentage of votes that groups of candidates obtain in elections and the percentage of seats they receive.PR is a democratic principle rather than an electoral system in itself. It is often contrasted to "winner takes all" plurality ("first past the post" or FPTP) districts.Yet it may give rise to small and radical political parties, which may decentralize the power of the government.GovernmentMonarch: Queen Elizabeth IIJudiciary system1. The highest court: the Supreme Court of New Zealand:(used to the Privy Council in London)2. the Court of Appeal上诉法院3. The High Court, dealing with serious criminal offences and civil matters at the trial level and with appeals from lower courts and tribunals法院4. Subordinate courtsseparation of powers (the executive, legislative and judicial powers) checks and balances1.1 The Executive BranchThe Governor-General exercises the Crown's prerogative powers, such as the power to appoint and dismiss ministers and to dissolve Parliament, and in rare situations, the reserve powers. The Governor-General also chairs the Executive Council, which is a formal committee consisting of all ministers of the Crown. Members of the Executive Council are required to be Members of Parliament, and most are also in Cabinet. Cabinet is the most senior policy-making body and is led by the Prime Minister, who is also, by convention, the Parliamentary leader of the governing party or coalition.1.2 The Legislative BranchThe New Zealand Parliament has only one chamber, the House of Representatives, which usually seats 120 Members of Parliament. Parliamentary general elections are held every three years under a form of proportional representation called Mixed Member Proportional. The 2008 General Election created an 'overhang' of two extra seats, occupied by the Māori Party, due to that party winning more seats in electorates than the number of seats its proportion of the party vote would have given it.From October 2005 until November 2008, the Labour-led government was in formal coalition with the Progressive Party, Jim Anderton being its only MP. In addition, New Zealand First and United Future provided confidence and supply in return for their leaders being ministers outside cabinet. An arrangement was also made with the Green Party, which gave a commitment not to vote against the government on confidence and supply. In 2007 Labour also had the proxy vote of Taito Phillip Field, a former Labour MP. These arrangements assured the government of a majority of seven MPs on confidence votes.Labour was defeated by the National Party in the general elections of November 8, 2008. Following the victory, National leader John Key moved quickly to form a government, negotiating coalition agreements with the right-wing ACT party, led by Rodney Hide, the centrist United Future party, albeit with its single seat held by leader Peter Dunne, and the Māori Party, led by Tariana Turia and Pita Sharples. Each of these leaders are to hold ministerial posts but remain outside of Cabinet. There are to be three parties in Opposition: the Labour Party, led by Phil Goff; the Greens, co-led by Jeanette Fitzsimons and Russel Norman and the Progressive Party, under Jim Anderton. The new executive was sworn in on 19 November 2008.1.3The Judicial BranchThe highest court in New Zealand is the Supreme Court of New Zealand, established in 2004 following the passage of the Supreme Court Act 2003. The act abolished the option to appeal to the Privy Council in London. The current Chief Justice is Dame Sian Elias. New Zealand's judiciary also includes the Court of Appeal; the High Court, which deals with serious criminal offences and civil matters at the trial level and with appeals from lower courts and tribunals; and subordinate courts.New Zealand is the only country in the world in which all the highest offices in the land have been occupied simultaneously by women: Queen Elizabeth II, Governor-General Dame Silvia Cartwright, Prime Minister Helen Clark, Speaker of the House of Representatives Margaret Wilson and Chief Justice Dame Sian Elias were all in office between March 2005 and August 2006. New Zealand's largest listed company, Telecom New Zealand, had a woman - Theresa Gattung - as its CEO at the time.6.Local Government⏹Independent of the central government⏹Constitutional subordinate to the parliament⏹Confers the powers of local authoritiesLocal government and external territoriesOnce divided New Zealand into provinces before 1876Centralized government:No sub-national entities such as provinces, states or territories, apart from its local government Local government: administering the various regions of New ZealandLocal government re-organised in 1989 implementing the current two-tier structure of regional councilsThe Local GovernmentThe early European settlers divided New Zealand into provinces. These were abolished in 1876 so that government could be centralised, for financial reasons. As a result, New Zealand has no separately represented subnational entities such as provinces, states or territories, apart from local government. However the spirit of the provinces lives on, and there is fierce rivalry exhibited in sporting and cultural events. Since 1876, local government has administered the various regions of New Zealand. In 1989, the government completely reorganised local government, implementing the current two-tier structure of regional councils and territorial authorities constituted under the Local Government Act 2002. In 1991, the Resource Management Act 1991 replaced the Town and Country Planning Act as the main planning legislation for local government.New Zealand has 12 regional councils for the administration of regional environmental and transport matters and 73 territorial authorities that administer roading, sewerage, building consents, and other local matters. The territorial authorities are 16 city councils, 57 district councils, and the Chatham Islands County Council. Four of the territorial councils (one city and three districts) and the Chatham Islands County Council also perform the functions of a regional council and are known as unitary authorities. Territorial authority districts are not subdivisions of regional council districts, and a few of them straddle regional council boundaries.The regions are (asterisks denoteunitary authorities): Northland, Auckland,Waikato, Bay of Plenty, Gisborne*,Hawke's Bay, Taranaki,Manawatu-Wanganui, Wellington,Marlborough*, Nelson*, Tasman*, WestCoast, Canterbury, Otago, Southland,Chatham Islands*.As a major South Pacific nation, New Zealand has a close working relationship with many Pacific Island nations, and continues a political association with the Cook Islands, Niue and Tokelau. New Zealand operates Scott Base in its Antarctic territory, the Ross Dependency. Other countries also use Christchurch to support their Antarctic bases and the city is sometimes known as the "Gateway to Antarctica".Part II. EconomySection I An IntroductionNew Zealand has a market economy with sizeable manufacturing and service sectors complementing a highly efficient export-oriented agriculture sector.•In the 1980s and 1990s: underwent radical economic restructuring (removal of subsidiaries, tariffs and price controls, the floating of the exchange rate, the abolition of controls on capital movement, the privatization of many state assets)•Over the past 80 years: a substantial reduction on the share of agriculture in GDP•Over the past 20 years: an uneven expansion of the service sector•Over 2002 to 2004: growth in GDP in the range of 3.5% to 4.5%•Over 2006：CPI inflation increased to 4.0%(June), 3.5%(September), 2.6%(December)•Over 2007: the annual current account deficit 9.1% of GDPA large proportion of the risks and uncertainties concerning the outlook for the New Zealand economy revolve around domestic or New Zealand-specific factors.Section II Primary IndustriesPrimary industries generate much of NZ’ s wealth. Agriculture , horticulture, forestry and fishery account for over 60% of exports.Agriculture and Horticulture: NZ is known as the world’s largest farm, agriculture accounts for 4.6% of GDP, horticulture crops have become increasing important.Dairy, sheep, beef cattle, deer, goats, pigs, poultry, bee-keeping, apple and kiwifruitForest: heavily forested, a quarter as conservation areas.Radiate pine, Douglas firFishery: vital to NZ’ s life, a long coastline and EEZ of 3.1millionSquid, tuna, green-lipped mussels, mackerel, rock lobster and abaloneSection III Secondary Industries1. ManufacturingMake an important contribution to the national economy;The largest sub-sectors are food, beverages and tobacco, machinery and equipment;Building new homes is significant, residential construction is 60%;CER and NAFTA.Energy and MineralsHas significant natural energy resources, with good reserves of coal, natural gas and oil, extensive geothermal fields;After 1973, oil and gas exploration was increased and energy conservation programs developed and promoted.Section IV Tertiary IndustriesTransport and CommunicationTourismTrade1. Transport and CommunicationTransport•Shipping: important, 99% of exports, Auckland is the largest port, the vital transport link (from Wellington in the North Island to Picton in the South Island)•By air: 17% of exports by value, Auckland is the second largest port for imports, a favored form of domestic business and travel•Car: the most popular form, 73% of NZers drove to work•Railway : not play the central role now, major haulers of long-distance freightcommunication•Radio: a great range of private stations (Maori tribal stations)•Television•Telephone: over 95% have one, half have mobile phone and access to the internet•ICT: thriving2. Tourism•Plays a significant role 4.8% of GDP•Gorgeous beaches, spectacular geothermal, volcanic activity•World-leading museums, groomed ski slopes•The America’s Cup yachting competitio n, the locally made movie The Lord of the Rings3. Trade•Exporting:Horticulture: cut flowers, kiwifruit, apples, vegetables, winesThe old standbys: wool ,butter and cheeseThe manufacturing: whiteware (fridges and dishwashers), electric fences, newsprint and furniture•Importing: meat and dairy products•Export destinations:Australia, America, Japan, China, BritainNew Zealand has a market economy which is greatly dependent on international trade, mainly with Australia, the European Union, the United States, China, and Japan. It has only small manufacturing and high-tech sectors, being strongly focused on tourism and primaryindustries like agriculture. New Zealand is a country heavily dependent on trade, particularly in agricultural products. Exports account for around 24% of its output, which is a relatively high figure.This makes New Zealand particularly vulnerable to international commodity prices and global economic slowdowns. Its principal export industries are agriculture, horticulture, fishing and forestry.Its major export partners are Australia 20.5%, US 13.1%, Japan 10.3%, China 5.4%, UK 4.9% (2006).Traditionally, New Zealand's economy was built upon on a narrow range of primary products, such as wool, meat and dairy productsAgriculture - Products: wheat, barley大麦, potatoes, pulses豌豆和豆类, fruits, vegetables; wool, beef, dairy products; fishExports - commodities: dairy products, meat, wood and wood products, fish, machineryImports - commodities:machinery and equipment, vehicles and aircraft, petroleum, electronics, textiles, plasticsAgriculture in New Zealand is the largest sector of the tradeable economy, contributing about two-thirds of exported goods in 2006-7.[1] For the year ended March 2002, agricultural exports were valued at over $14.8 billion. The New Zealand agricultural sector is unique in being the only developed country to be totally exposed to the international markets since subsidies, tax concessions and price supports were removed in the 1980s.[2] Pastoral farming is the major land use but there are increases in land area devoted to horticulture.花园种植1) AgricultureIn the past, the agricultural sector emphasized on sheep raising.Nowadays, dairying, forestry, horticulture become more important.•New Zealand sometimes called “the world’s biggest farm”and it is the world’s largest exporter of lamb and mutton and dairy products. Farms are very much family business.•New Zealand is one of the world’s largest exporters of meat, dairy products and wool. The main imports are industrial raw materials, capital equipment and consumer goods.The tertiary sector is the largest sector in the economy (68.8% of GDP), followed by the secondary sector (26.9% of GDP) and the primary sector (4.3% of GDP).Tourism ,forestry, horticulture, fishing and manufacturing have become increasing important sectors in the economy in recent years.The tertiary sector is the largest sector (67.6% of GDP)Secondary sector on 27.8%Primary sector on 4.7%Tourism plays a significant role in New Zealand's economy. Tourism contributes $12.8 billion (or 8.9%) to New Zealand’s total GDP and supports 9.9% of the total workforce in New Zealand.EconomyNew Zealand has a modern, prosperous, developed economy with an estimated nominal Gross domestic product (GDP) of US$128.1 billion (2008). The country has a relatively high standard of living with an estimated GDP per capita of US$30,234 in 2008, comparable to Southern Europe, e.g. Spain US$33,385, but lower than the United States at US$46,820.Since 2000 New Zealand has made substantial gains in median household income. New Zealand, along with Australia, largely escaped the early 2000s recession that affected most other Western countries. New Zealand's GDP declined by 0.2% in the second quarter of 2008 putting the country in its first recession in a decade.New Zealanders have a high level of life satisfaction as measured by international surveys; this is despite lower GDP per-head levels than many other OECD countries. The country was ranked 20th on the 2006 Human Development Index and 15th in The Economist's 2005 worldwide quality-of-life index. The country was ranked 1st in life satisfaction and 5th in overall prosperity in the 2007 Legatum Institute prosperity index.In addition, the 2007 Mercer Quality of Living Survey ranked Auckland 5th place and Wellington 12th place in the world on its list. Taxation in New Zealand is lighter than in other OECD countries. New Zealand is one of the most free market capitalist economies according to economic freedom indices.The service sector is the largest sector in the economy (68.8% of GDP), followed by manufacturing and construction (26.9% of GDP) and the farming/raw materials extraction (4.3% of GDP).New Zealand is a country heavily dependent on free trade, particularly in agricultural products. Exports account for around 24% of its output, which is a relatively high figure (it is around 50% for many smaller European countries). This makes New Zealand particularly vulnerable to international commodity prices and global economic slowdowns. Its principal export industries are agriculture, horticulture, fishing and forestry. These make up about half of the country's exports. Its major export partners are Australia 20.5%, US 13.1%, Japan 10.3%, China 5.4%, UK 4.9% (2006). Tourism plays a significant role in New Zealand's economy. Tourism contributes $12.8 billion (or 8.9%) to New Zealand’s total GDP and supports nearly 200,000 full-time equivalent jobs (9.9% of the total workforce in New Zealand). Tourists to New Zealand are expected to increase at a rate of 4% annually up to 2013.The New Zealand dollar is the currency of New Zealand. It also circulates in the Cook Islands , Niue, Tokelau, and the Pitcairn Islands. It is sometimes informally known as the "Kiwi dollar".Part III Education•Education in New Zealand is compulsory between the ages of 6 and 16, and the tuition in state schools is free to New Zealand residents.•An elected board of trustees governs each school.•One of the most successful programmes is Te Kohanga Reo (language “nest”) —centres of learning for pre-school Maori children. Pacific Island language programmes have also been established, particularly in Auckland.Education systemPrimary School (5-11, or 5-13)•Infant School (5-7, 2 years)•Standards 1 to 4 (7-11, 4 years)•Forms 1 and 2 (11-13) in some schoolsSeparate Intermediate Schools (11-13)•Forms 1 and 2Secondary schools (13-18, colleges or high schools)•Forms 3-7 ( 5 years)•In the larger cities, state schools may beco-educational or single-sex; in smaller centers, they are usually co-educational. Private schools are often single-sex, and usually have a religious affiliation.•There are 2 types of state examination available to state and private secondary schools: School Certificate and University Bursaries and Entrance Scholarship.•quality education: secondary education, English language training or further and technical education•provider of qualified teachers•Universities in New Zealand:•an international reputation as a provider of quality education•a safe learning environment•excellent study opportunities and support services for international students •internationally respected for their academic and research standards•a high level of research activity recognized internationallyThe World’s Biggest Farm [•Why is New Zealand called “the world’s biggest farm”?•1) It has an ideal climate for grassland farming. There are about 59,000 farms and businesses growing flowers, fruit and vegetables.•2) New Zealand is the world’s largest exporter of lamb and mutton.•3) It is also the world’s largest exporter of dairy products.•4) It is one of the world’s largest exporters of meat.59,000 Farms with 68 Million Sheep Living Outside All the Year RoundA Typical Welfare State [•As a comprehensive welfare state, which of the following items is not included in its welfare system?•(A) Education is freely available to everyone. Nearly all the schools are run by the state. All the public schools are free and religion is taught.•(B) A ministry of women's affairs was established in 1985, probably the earliest of such a ministry in the world.•(C) Treatment at public hospitals is free, as are pre-birth and maternity services and most prescription medicines. A percentage of doctors' fees is paid by the state.•(D) People on low incomes get reduced fees and medicine costs with their community services card. The Accident Compensation Corporation provides immediate benefits of free medical treatment for everyone who suffers personal injury by accident.•[A]Ⅰ.New Zealand’s Constitution⏹No written form⏹Constitutional conventions:drawn from important statutes ,judicial decisions,and customary rules;eatablished by frequent use and customⅢ.Judiciary and Party Politics1.Judicial syetem1)Law Common lawStatute lawUnited Kingdom statute lawSubordinate legislation2)Courts⏹District Courts⏹The High Court⏹The Court of Aooeal⏹The Supreme Court2.Political Parties1)An Introduction⏹22 registered political partied⏹Two major political partiesThe National Party(on the right)The Labor Party(on the left)2)The National Party⏹Formed in Wellington in May 1936⏹Represent all parts of the community⏹Proposals:a.Seeks a safe,prosperous and successful New Zealandb.Creates opportunities for all New Zealanders to reach their personal goals anddreamsc.Individual responsibility ,private enterprise and reward for individual efforts3)The Labor Party⏹Founded in 1916⏹The longest eatablished political party⏹Introduced radical and progressive measures that contributed to the steady improvement and ultimate transformationPolitics of New ZealandThe politics of New Zealand take place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic monarchy. The basic system is closely patterned on that of the Westminster System, although a number of significant modifications have been made. The head of state is Queen Elizabeth II, who is represented by the Governor-General and the head of government is the Prime Minister who chairs the Cabinet drawn from an elected Parliament.ConstitutionNew Zealand has no formal codified constitution; the constitutional framework consists of a mixture of various documents (including certain acts of the United Kingdom and New Zealand Parliaments), the Treaty of Waitangi and constitutional conventions. The Constitution Act in 1852 established the system of government and these were later consolidated in 1986. Constitutional rights are protected under common law and are strengthened by the Bill of Rights Act 1990 and Human Rights Act 1993, although these are not entrenched and can be overturned by Parliament with a simple majority.[1] The Constitution Act describes the three branches of Government in New Zealand: The Executive (the Sovereign and Cabinet), the legislature (Parliament) and the judiciary (Courts).ExecutiveHead of StateQueen Elizabeth II is the current Queen of New Zealand and the Realm of New Zealands head of state.[2][3] The New Zealand monarchy has been distinct from the British monarchy since the Statute of Westminster Adoption Act 1947, and all Elizabeth II's official business in New Zealand is conducted in the name of the Queen of New Zealand, not the Queen of the United Kingdom. While Royal Assent and the royal sign-manual are required to enact laws, letters patent, andOrders-in-Council, the authority for these acts stems from the New Zealand populace.[4] In practice, the functions of the monarchy are conducted by the Governor-General, appointed by the monarch on the advice of the Prime Minister. As of 2011, the Governor-General is Sir Jerry Mateparae. The Governor-General's powers are primarily symbolic and formal in nature. The Governor-General formally has the power to appoint and dismiss Prime Ministers and to dissolve Parliament; and also formally signs legislation into law after passage by Parliament. The Governor-General chairs the Executive Council, which is a formal committee consisting of all ministers of the Crown. Members of the Executive Council are required to be Members of Parliament, and most are also in Cabinet.[5]Head of GovernmentCabinet is the most senior policy-making body and is led by the Prime Minister, who is also, by convention, the Parliamentary leader of the governing party or coalition, and is known as the head of government. The New Zealand Cabinet is responsible to New Zealand Parliament from which its members are derived. All Cabinet Ministers must be Members of Parliament (MPs) and are collectively responsible to it.General elections are held every three years, with the last one in 2008 and the next due for 2011. National won the 2008 election ending nine years of Labour led Government. National leader John。
第二单元New Zealand
Auckland is the largest city in the north island of New Zealand, known as "city of sails", is also a New Zealand industrial and commercial center. And Auckland is a parcel the magical Marine world of modern city, scattered at sea more than 50 islands, each island has different characteristics
1.
Sky Tower.
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• Queenstown, beautiful scenery, is a paradise of extreme sports. Bungee jumping, sky diving, paragliders, jet boat, skiing, horseback riding, bike, canoe, kayak, from soup to nuts. • 皇后镇：风景优美，又是极限运动的天堂。蹦极，跳伞， 滑翔伞，喷射艇，滑雪，骑马，自行车，独木舟，皮划艇， 一应俱全。
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Christchurch
• .Christchurch, also known as "garden city", located in the east of New Zealand's south island, city flat. Everywhere in the city are planning neat garden, is a famous garden city, in addition to this, the British also to "outside the UK, the most like the British city" to the Christchurch a brandnew definition. Here are also entering the South Pole of the portal. • 基督城，又名“花园之城”，位于新西兰南岛东岸，城区 平坦。 城市中到处都是规划整齐的花园, 是有名的花园城 市, 另外英国人来此, 也以“英国之外，最像英国的城市” 给了基督城一个崭新的定义. 这里也是迚入南极的人所必 经的门户.
译林版高中英语必修第一册UNIT2教学知识细解码学案
1．argue v i.争吵，争辩，争论v t.说理，论证→argument n．争吵，争论；论点2．anxiety n．担心；焦虑；渴望→anxious adj.忧虑的，担心的；令人焦虑的；渴望的3．anger n．怒气，怒火→angry adj.生气的；恼火的4．concern n．担心，忧虑；关心v t.涉及；让(某人)担忧→concerned adj.担心的，忧虑的；关注的，关切的5．stress n．精神压力，紧张；强调v t.强调，着重→stressed adj.紧张的；有压力的6．edit v．编辑→editor n．主编，编辑；剪辑师→edition n．版本；版次1．shoot vi.&vt.(使朝某方向)冲，奔；射击；射杀；摄影①Three people were shot dead during the robbery. 射杀②The movie was shot in New Zealand. 摄影③They had almost reached the boat when a figure shot past them.(使朝某个方向)冲，奔2．spot n．粉刺；斑点；污渍；地点，场所①She was wearing a black skirt with white spots. 斑点②His jacket was covered with spots of mud. 污渍③The baby's whole body was covered in small red spots.粉刺，脓包④He showed me the exact spot where he had asked her to marry him.地点，场所3．view n．看法；视线；景色vt.把……视为；观看①His views on the subject were well known. 看法②The sun disappeared from view. 视线③The view from the top of the tower was wonderful. 景色④The law should be viewed as a way of meeting certain social goals.把……视为知识要点1see eye to eye with sb.(on sth.)(在某事上)与某人看法一致[例]It's normal that you can't see eye to eye with him on something.你在某些事情上和他看法不一致是很正常的。
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Economy
The economy of New Zealand largely relies on overseas trade because it lacks many mineral resources and has only discovered small reserves of oil. It needs to import minerals to keep its economy running. Other imports include manufactured goods, heavy machinery, petroleum, chemicals, iron and steel, plastic materials and textiles.
Head of gonicameral legislature House of Representatives: 120 members (for three years)
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Beehive 蜂窝, Wellington: The Beehive, named for its appearance, is part of the parliamentary complex in Wellington, the capital of New Zealand. The building houses the offices of the prime minister and the cabinet. 2012-12-27
Unit2 New Zealand
Political system, Education and Economy
Government
Form of government Head of state Parliamentary democracy Governor-general, representing the British monarch Prime minister
Education
Education in New Zealand is compulsory between the ages of 6 and 16,and tuition in state schools is free to New Zealand resident
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In recent years New Zealand has developed its agriculture and manufacturing industries to suit the needs of the international markets. It is one of the world’s largest exporters of meat, dairy products and wool. Industries such as forestry, horticulture 园艺, fishing, manufacturing, and tourism have also become increasingly significant.