合同的翻译
合同用英语怎么说
合同用英语怎么说In today's globalized world, the ability to communicate effectively in English is crucial, especially in the field of business. One important aspect of business communication is understanding and using contract terms and phrases correctly. In this article, we will explore how to express the concept of "合同" (contract) in English.1. Introduction:A contract is a legally binding agreement between two or more parties that outlines their rights and obligations. It is essential to understand the terminology used in contracts to ensure clear communication and avoid any misunderstandings. Let's delve into the commonly used English terms related to contracts.2. Basic Contract Terminology:2.1 Contract: A legally enforceable agreement between two or more parties.2.2 Agreement: A mutual understanding between parties regarding their rights and obligations.2.3 Parties: Individuals or entities involved in the contract (e.g., buyer and seller, employer and employee).2.4 Terms and Conditions: The specific details and requirements of the contract.2.5 Consideration: Something of value exchanged between parties, often in the form of money.3. Key Elements of a Contract:3.1 Offer: A proposal by one party to another, outlining the terms of the contract.3.2 Acceptance: An agreement by the receiving party to the terms offered.3.3 Consideration: The exchange of something of value between the parties.3.4 Competent Parties: Parties who have the legal capacity to enter into a contract (e.g., of legal age and sound mind).3.5 Legal Purpose: The contract must be for a lawful objective.3.6 Mutual Assent: Agreement on the terms of the contract by all parties involved.3.7 Performance: The fulfillment of the contractual obligations by the parties.3.8 Breach: Failure to fulfill the obligations stated in the contract.4. Expressing "合同" in English:4.1 Contract: The general term for a formal agreement between parties.4.2 Agreement: A less formal term used to describe a contract.4.3 Memorandum of Understanding (MOU): A document outlining the basic terms and intentions of the parties involved, often used in preliminary stages or for less formal agreements.4.4 Letter of Intent (LOI): A document expressing the intent of the parties to enter into a formal contract, often used in business negotiations.4.5 Purchase Agreement: A contract specifically for the sale of goods or services.4.6 Service Agreement: A contract for the provision of services.4.7 Employment Contract: A contract outlining the terms and conditions of employment.4.8 Lease Agreement: A contract for renting or leasing property.4.9 Non-disclosure Agreement (NDA): A contract used to protect confidential information shared between parties.5. Conclusion:In conclusion, understanding how to express the concept of "合同" (contract) in English is essential for effective business communication. This article has provided an overview of basic contract terminology in English, as well as various terms used to describe different types of contracts. By familiarizing yourself with these terms, you will be better equipped to navigate the world of business contracts in an English-speaking context.。
合同的翻译1
如果买方在规定时间内未能付清货款，买房的保证金不予退还，并且买方需承担由此带给卖方的所有损失。
B. 大量使用专业术语和缩略词
1. This Contract shall b governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of China.
11. The Seller shall telegraph the Buyer immediately and deliver in 14 days to the Buyer a certificate of the occurrence issued by the government authorities or the Chamber of Commerce at the place where the accident occurs as evidence thereof.
7. The License herein granted is conditioned on Party B selling Licensed Devices at prices no more favorable than those followed by Party A.
8. Any disputes which either party does not wish to refer to a Conciliation Committee may then be submitted by the first party to arbitration as hereinafter provided.
英文合同翻译
本句中的shall和may表达准确。出现争议后应当 先行协商，所以采用了义务性“约定”，如果协 商解决不了，作为当事人的权利，用选择性约定 may 也很妥当。 如果may和shall调换位置会怎么样？前半句的 shall换用may后，意思变成了当事人可以通过协 商解决，意思上说得过去，但后半句的 may换用 shall后，变成了应当诉讼解决，好像一出事，就 要先见官，这就有些不友好了。 本句可译：双方首先应通过友好协商，解决因合 同而发生的或与合同有关的争议。如果协商未果， 合同中又无仲裁条款约定或争议发生后未就仲裁 达成共识的，可将争议提交给有管辖权的人民法 院解决。
英文合同翻译（Байду номын сангаас）
英文合同的定义 在英文中，合同一般称为Contract或者 Agreement。 1999年中国《合同法》第二条将合同定义为：A contract in this Law refers to an agreement establishing, modifying and terminating the civil rights and obligations between subjects of equal footing, that is, between natural persons, legal persons or other organizations.” 根据这一定义，合同指平等主体之间设立的确定 民事权利和义务的协议。
Law Dictionary by Steven H. Gifts defines contract as “Contract is a promise，or a set of promises，for breach of which the law gives remedy，or the performance of which the law in some way recognize as a duty.”
合同翻译参考(中英文).doc
2002DATED ［日期］ [CONTRACT NAME][合同名称]-by and between-合同双方[PARTY A NAME]PARTY A[甲方名称]-and-与[PARTY B NAME]PARTY B[乙方名称]TABLE OF CONTENTPRELIMINARY STATEMENT1.DEFINITIONS2.[OPERATIVE CLAUSES]3.CONDITIONS PRECEDENT4.REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES5.TERM6.TERMINATION7.CONFIDENTIALITY8.BREACH OF CONTRACT9.FORCE MAJEURE10.SETTLEMENT OF DISPUTES11.APPLICABLE LAW12.MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONSSCHEDULE A DEFINITIONS1、定义2、［具体操作条款］3、［如有必要，根据交易具体情况设定相应先决条件］4、陈述和担保［保证］5、合同期限6、合同终止7、保密义务8、违约9、不可抗力10、争议的解决11、适用法律12、其他规定THIS CONTRACT('"Contracf^is made in [city and province],China on this_day of ___________ ,200 by and between ［Party A name］,［Party A entity form］ established and existing under the laws ofChina, with its legal address at ［address］ (hereinafter referred to as "Party A"), and ［Party B name］, ［Party B entity form］ organized and existing under the laws of ［Party Bjurisdiction of incoporation］ with its legal address at ［address］ (hereinafter referred to as "Party B"). Party A and Party B shall hereinafter be referred to individually as a "Party " and collectively as the "Parties".本合同于年月日由以下两方在［地点］签订：［甲方名称］，一家根据中华人民共和国法律组建及存续的［甲方组织形式］，法定地址为［甲方法定地址］(以下简称“甲方”)：［乙方名称］,一家根据［乙方所在国］法律组建及存续的［乙方组织形式］,法定地址为［乙方法定地址］(以下简称“乙方”)。
合同翻译
一、汉译英1.长期合同a long-term contract2.短期合同a short-term contract3.完成合同Completion of Contract4.期货合同Contract for Future Delivery5.订货合同Contract for Goods6.采购合同Contract for Purchase7.劳务合同Contract for Service8.劳动合同Labor Contract9.买卖合同（证书）contract note10.仲裁合同Contract of Arbitration11.运输合同Contract of Carriage12.客运合同Passenger Carriage Contract13.货运合同Cargo Carriage Contract14.技术合同Technology Contract15.技术开发合同Technology Development Contract16.技术转让合同Technology Transfer Contract17.技术咨询合同Technical Consulting Contract18.技术服务合同Technical Service Contract19.保管合同Safekeeping Contract20.仓储合同Warehousing Contract21.委托合同Agency Appointment Contract22.-行纪合同Trading-Trust Contract23.居间合同Brokerage Contract24.-多式联运合同Multi-modal Carriage Contract25.雇佣合同Contract of Employment26.保险合同Contract of Insurance27.销售合同Contract of Sale28.买卖合同Sales Contract29.供电、水、气、热合同Contract for Supply of Power, Water, Gas , Or Heat30.赠与合同Gift Contract31.借款合同Contract for Loan of Money32.租赁合同Leasing Contract33.融资租赁合同Leasing Contract34.承揽合同Contracts of Hired Work35.建设工程合同Contracts of Hired Work二、英译汉1.contract life 合同有效期2. a nice fat contract 一个很有利的合同3.an executor contract 尚待执行的合同4. a written contract书面合同5.breach of contract违反合同6.cancellation of contract撤消合同7.contract parties合同当事人8.contract period (or contract term) 合同期限9.contract price合约价格10.contract provisions/stipulations合同规定11.contract sales订约销售12.contract terms (or contract clause) 合同条款13.contract wages合同工资14.contract合同，订立合同15.contractor订约人，承包人16.contractual claim根据合同的债权17.contractual damage合同引起的损害18.contractual dispute合同上的争议19.contractual guarantee合同规定的担保20.contractual income合同收入21.contractual liability/obligation合同规定的义务22.contractual practice/usage合同惯例23.contractual specifications合同规定24.contractual terms & conditions合同条款和条件25.contractual合同的，契约的26.contractual-joint-venture合作经营，契约式联合经营27.copies of the contract合同副本28.originals of the contract合同正本29.execution of contract/performance of contract履行合同30.expiration of contract合同期满31.interpretation of contract解释合同32.renewal of contract合同的续订33. This contract is made in two originals that should be held by each party.此合同一式二份，由双方各持一正本。
商务英语中合同的翻译技巧
商务英语中合同的翻译技巧商务英语中合同的翻译技巧一、双方的基本信息1.合同名称：XXX合同2.甲方（英文：Party A）：（公司名字/个人名字）（地址：XXX）3.乙方（英文：Party B）：（公司名字/个人名字）（地址：XXX）4.签订日期（英文：Date of Execution）：（月/日/年）二、各方身份、权利、义务、履行方式、期限、违约责任1.甲方的身份、权利、义务、履行方式、期限、违约责任（1）身份：甲方为出售方；（2）权利：甲方需要出售货物/提供服务；（3）义务：甲方需要按照合同约定的规定，按时、按量、按质地提供货物或服务；（4）履行方式：甲方需要按照约定的交货日期、交货地点、交货方式等送达货物或提供服务；（5）期限：甲方需要按照约定的期限履行义务；（6）违约责任：如甲方未能按照合同约定履行义务，甲方需要承担违约责任，包括但不限于赔偿乙方因此造成的一切损失。
2.乙方的身份、权利、义务、履行方式、期限、违约责任（1）身份：乙方为购买方；（2）权利：乙方需要获得所购货物或服务；（3）义务：乙方需要按时、按量、按质地支付货款；（4）履行方式：乙方需要按照合同约定的收货日期、收货地点、收货方式等接收货物或服务；（5）期限：乙方需要按照约定的期限履行义务；（6）违约责任：如乙方未能按照合同约定履行义务，乙方需要承担违约责任，包括但不限于赔偿甲方因此造成的一切损失。
三、需遵守中国的相关法律法规1.本合同受中国法律的管辖；2.合同受中国法律法规的制约，合同的解释和执行均应符合中国法律；3.若合同的任何规定与中国法律法规相抵触，则以后者为准。
四、明确各方的权力和义务1.甲方的权利（1）甲方有权要求乙方按照合同约定支付货款；（2）甲方有权要求乙方按照合同约定接收货物或服务；（3）甲方有权要求乙方按照合同约定承担违约责任。
2.甲方的义务（1）甲方需要按照合同约定提供货物或服务；（2）甲方需要按照合同约定履行义务；（3）甲方需要按照合同约定承担违约责任；（4）甲方需要保证所提供的货物或服务符合合同约定的质量标准。
合同及相关的英语
英语合同翻译，英语合同样本，英文合同翻译样本，英语合同学习，英文合同书写，英文合同格式不同国家，英语合同的格式略有不同。
但是万变不离其宗，只要我们掌握了英语合同的共同点和特殊性，我们就能对英文合同深刻理解，灵活运用。
详解：Contract 与 Agreement的有无区别在英语中，合同一般称为Contract，协议一般称为Agreement。
何谓“contract”?1999年中国《合同法》第二条对contract定义为： A contact in this Law refers to an agreement establishing, modifying and terminating the civil rights and obligations between subjects of equal footing, that is, between natural persons, legal persons or other orga nizations”。
根据这一定义，合同平等主体之间设立的确定民事权利和义务的协议。
，Steven H. Gifts编著的“Law Dictionary”中将contract 定义为“contract is a promise, or a set of promises, for breach of which the law gives remedy, or the performance of the which the law in some way recognize as a duty.”根据这一定义，合同是一种承诺，违反承诺可以得到法律救助，某种意义上法律将履行该承诺看做是一种补偿。
L.B Curzon 在其编撰的字典“A Dictionary of Law”给contract的定义：“Contract is a legally binding agreement”根据这一定义，合同就是有法律约束力的协议。
合同一式三份,翻译
合同一式三份,翻译合同英语Contract&agreement 合同和协议1.A contract cannot arise out of an illegal act.违法行为不能构成合约。
2.A contract is established when the acceptance becomes effective. 承诺生效即合同成立。
3.A contract may be modified if the parties reach a conse nsus through consultation. 当事人协商一致即可以变更合同。
4.A person is not liable for debts contracted during his minority.一个人无须对他在未成年时期的合同债务承担责任。
5.A transaction between two parties ought not to operate to the disadvantage of a third. 合约不约束第三人。
6.An acceptance once given cannot be revoked unless the offeror consents.除非要约人同意，承诺一经做出即不得撤回。
7.An acceptance is a statement made by the offeree indicating assent to an offer. 承诺是受要约人同意要约的意思表示。
8.An offeror may withdraw an offer at any time before it has been accepted.在要约被受要约人接受以前，要约人可以随时撤回要约。
9.Any amendment to this contract shall become effective only bya written agreement by Patry A and Party B.对本合同的任何修改，只有经甲、乙双方签署书面协议后方能生效。
最常见的英语英语合同翻译
最常见的英语英语合同翻译鉴于现在对外交流事例逐渐增多,英文合同特别是经济合同的翻译愈显重要,若译文不准确或不严谨,势必会引起不必要的经济纠纷.故今以一英文合同写作书籍为蓝本,录入一些有益文字,希望大家共同提高英文合同的翻译和写作。
合同文件是合同双方签订并必须遵守的法律文件,因此合同中的语言应体现其权威性.英文合同用语的特点之一就表现在用词上,即选择那些法律用词,以及正式用词,使合同表达的意思准确无误,达到双方对合同中使用的词无可争议的程度。
一.hereby英文释义:by means of , by reason of this中文译词:特此,因此,兹用法:常用于法律文件、合同、协议书等正式文件的开头语；在条款中需要强调时也可用。
语法：一般置于主语后,紧邻主语.例1：The Employer hereby covenants to pay the Contractor in consideration of the execution and completion of the Works and the remedying of defects therein the Contract Price or such other sum as may become payable under the provisions of the Contract at the time and in the manner prescribed by the Contract.参考译文:业主特此立约保证在合同规定的期限内,按合同规定的方式向承包人支付合同价,或合同规定的其它应支付的款项,以作为本工程施工、竣工及修补工程中缺陷的报酬。
注释:(1)hereby: by reason of this 特此(2)covenant: v. make a formal agreement 立约,签订合同、条约; n. legal agreement具有法律约束的正式合同(3)completion of the Works: 工程的竣工(4)therein: in the Works在本工程中(5)the Contract Price: 合同总价,指工程的总造价(6)such...as: 关系代词,相当于that, which(7)under: in accordance with 根据,按照(8)the provisions of the Contract: terms and conditions of the Contract合同条款例2：We hereby certify to the best of our knowledge that the foregoing statement is true and correct and all available information and data have been supplied herein, and that we agree to provide documentary proof upon your request.注释：（1）hereby：特此（2）to the best of our knowledge：as far as we know据我们所知（3）foregoing statement：above-mentioned statement上述声明（4）herein：in this, in the statement在声明中（5）documentary proof：证明文件参考译文：特此证明，据我们所知，上述声明内容真实，正确无误，并提供了全部现有的资料和数据，我们同意，应贵方要求出具证明文件。
合同书 翻译
合同书翻译英文回答：Contract。
A contract is a legally binding agreement between two or more parties that creates, modifies, or terminates a legal relationship. Contracts can be written or oral, express or implied.Elements of a Contract。
To be valid, a contract must have the following elements:Offer: A proposal by one party to enter into a contract.Acceptance: The agreement by the other party to the terms of the offer.Consideration: Something of value exchanged between the parties, such as money, goods, or services.Capacity: The legal ability of the parties to enter into a contract.Legality: The purpose of the contract must not be illegal.Types of Contracts。
There are many different types of contracts, including:Bilateral contracts: Contracts where both parties make promises to each other.Unilateral contracts: Contracts where one party makes a promise to the other party in exchange for their performance.Executed contracts: Contracts where both parties havefulfilled their obligations.Executory contracts: Contracts where one or both parties have yet to fulfill their obligations.Void contracts: Contracts that are not legally binding due to a lack of one or more essential elements.Voidable contracts: Contracts that are legally binding but can be canceled by one or both parties under certain circumstances.Breach of Contract。
合同翻译用语
合同翻译用语
本合同翻译用语范本（以下简称“范本”）由合同范本专家根据客户需求定制，旨在为合同翻译提供参考和指导。
范本中的翻译用语仅供参考，客户可根据实际情况进行调整和修改。
1. 签约方（Party），指合同中的各方当事人，可根据具体情况翻译为“甲方”、“乙方”等。
2. 条款（Clause），指合同中的各项条款和内容，可翻译为“条款”、“款项”等。
3. 生效日期（Effective Date），指合同生效的日期，可翻译为“生效日期”、“生效时间”等。
4. 违约（Breach），指合同中一方未履行合同义务，可翻译为“违约”、“违
反合同”等。
5. 终止（Termination），指合同提前结束或终止，可翻译为“终止”、“解除”等。
6. 保密条款（Confidentiality Clause），指合同中关于保密的条款，可翻译为
“保密条款”、“保密协议”等。
7. 争议解决（Dispute Resolution），指合同中关于争议解决的条款，可翻译为“争议解决”、“纠纷解决”等。
范本中的翻译用语仅为示例，客户可根据实际需要进行调整。
如有任何疑问或
需要进一步定制合同翻译用语范本，欢迎随时联系合同范本专家进行咨询。
合同的种类及英文名称规范翻译
备忘录（合作备忘录） memorandum
公司设立协议 aricles fo incorporation
公司设立章程 articles of association
意向书 letter of intent
意向性协议，框架性协议 heads of agreement
合同的种类及英文名称规范翻译
一、我国合同法第9章到第23章就合同种类做了概况：
买卖合同 sale contract
电、水、气、热力供应合同 contracts for supply of power, water, gas or heat
赠与合同 gify conrract
借款合同 contract for loan of money
租赁合同 leasiing contract
融资租赁合同 financial leasing contract
承揽合同 work-for-hire contract
建设工程合同 contract for construction projects
Agreement on assignment of equity interests
和解协议 composition agreement
法律顾问协议 employment contract for legal consultant
合资企业合同 joint venture contract
技术服务合同 technical service contract
技术咨询协议 technical consulting agreement
技术开发协议 technical development agreement
合同 常见英语
一、关于合同（agreement/contract）的一些动、名词开始commence (commencement)终止terminate (termination)中止suspend (suspension)履行perform (performance), carry out, implement (implementation)拒绝履行repudiate (repudiation)完成consummate (consummation)取消cancel (cancellation)撤销rescind (rescission), revoke (revocation)补偿indemnify (indemnity)转让assign (assignment), grant保证warrant (warranty), guarantee (guarantee)其中indemnify是bug：我第一次看到的时候非常纯真地问：“领导领导，我有个愚蠢的问题，为什么不用compensate？”领导哈哈哈大笑三声：“你个土鳖！合同里没见过用compensate的。
”事实是我后来看过的合同里确实没见过compensate。
至于开始、结束不用begin、start、end、finish，相信大家都是有耳闻的。
二、关于一些“人”当事人party, contractor（合同当事人；承包人）买方buyer, vendee（通常用于不动产）卖方seller, vendor（通常用于不动产）债权人creditor债务人debtor 主债务人principle debtor保证人guarantor被保证人guarantee出租人lessor承租人lessee主承包人general contractor分包人subcontractor转让人grantor, assignor受让人grantee, assignee许可人licensor被许可人licensee继承人successor清算人liquidator破产财产管理人receiver受益人beneficiary公证人notary public代理人、法律事务代理人attorney事实代理人attorney in fact关联公司affiliate子公司subsidiary承运人carrier仲裁员arbitrator法官、审判员judge证人testis, witness胜诉当事人prevailing, prevailing party这些“人”基本都是由动词变过来的，多以er/or和ee结尾，相对来说还是比较好记。
合同和协议的翻译
Arbitration Commission, Beijing and the arbitration rules of this Commission
shall be applied. The award of the arbitration shall be final and binding upon the Parties hereto. The Arbitration fee shall be borne by the losing party unless otherwise awarded by the Arbitration Commission.
練 習＆補 充
here, there, where 等副词加上in, on, to, by, of, after等介词或介词组合构成的复合词 的使用尤为常见。
hereby hereto thereby
特此，兹 本文件 从而
thereto
whereby whereto
XX中的
凭此协议 对于那个
合同翻译注意词语
合同案例
All disputes arising from the performance of this Contract shall, through amicable negotiations, be settled by the Parties hereto. Should, through negotiations, no settlement be reached, the case in question shall then be submitted for arbitration to the China International Economic and Trade
常见英文合同翻译与详解
引子:鉴于现在对外交流事例逐渐增多,英文合同特别是经济合同的翻译愈显重要,若译文不准确或不严谨,势必会引起不必要的经济纠纷.故今以一英文(经济)合同写作书籍为蓝本,录入一些有益文字,希望大家共同提高英文(经济)合同的翻译和写作。
合同文件是合同双方签订并必须遵守的法律文件,因此合同中的语言应体现其权威性.英文合同用语的特点之一就表现在用词上,即选择那些法律用词,以及正式用词,使合同表达的意思准确无误,达到双方对合同中使用的词无可争议的程度。
一.hereby英文释义:by means of , by reason of this中文译词:特此,因此,兹用法:常用于法律文件、合同、协议书等正式文件的开头语；在条款中需要强调时也可用。
语法：一般置于主语后,紧邻主语.例1：The Employer hereby covenants to pay the Contractor in consideration of the execution and completi on of the Works and the remedying of defects therein the Contract Price or such other sum as may become payable under the provisions of the Contract at the time and in the manner prescribed by t he Contract.参考译文:业主特此立约保证在合同规定的期限内,按合同规定的方式向承包人支付合同价,或合同规定的其它应支付的款项,以作为本工程施工、竣工及修补工程中缺陷的报酬。
注释:(1)hereby: by reason of this 特此(2)covenant: v. make a formal agreement 立约,签订合同、条约; n. legal agreement具有法律约束的正式合同(3)completion of the Works: 工程的竣工(4)therein: in the Works在本工程中(5)the Contract Price: 合同总价,指工程的总造价(6)such...as: 关系代词,相当于that, which(7)under: in accordance with 根据,按照(8)the provisions of the Contract: terms and conditions of the Contract合同条款例2：We hereby certify to the best of our knowledge that the foregoing statement is true and correct and all available information and data have been supplied herein, and that we agree to provide document ary proof upon your request.注释：（1）hereby：特此（2）to the best of our knowledge：as far as we know据我们所知（3）foregoing statement：above-mentioned statement上述声明（4）herein：in this, in the statement在声明中（5）documentary proof：证明文件参考译文：特此证明，据我们所知，上述声明内容真实，正确无误，并提供了全部现有的资料和数据，我们同意，应贵方要求出具证明文件。
合同的翻译2
c. Without prejudice to your powers and discretions, we hereby authorize you or your agents to take any actions including but not limited to the following: 在不损害对方权利和决定的原则下本公司授权贵方活贵方代理采取包括但不限于下列的任何行动。
A. Some frequently-used phrases
1. In witness whereof 兹证明，
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Contract to be executed in duplicate by their duly authorized officers or representatives at the date written above.
兹证明，双方各自授权代表于上述日期签订本合同一式两份。
2. Whereas鉴于
a. Whereas Party A desires to export to Party B the goods as specified in Exhibit A hereof (hereinafter called the “Goods”); and whereas Party B desires to import the Goods from Party A…鉴于甲方愿意向乙方出口本合同附件A中所规定的物品(以下附件简称“货物”)，并且鉴于乙方愿意向甲方进口货物。。。。。。
商务翻译5合同和协议的翻译
求同型近义词
与求异型近义词相反，求同型近义词所追求的效果 不是为表达各次之间的差别意义，而是为了表达它 们的共同意义。
[例1] 双方可在必要时通过协商修改本合同。
The parties may, through consultation, make amendments to and revision of this contract as and when the need arise.
At the request of Part B, Part A agrees to send technicians to assist Part B to install the equipment.
e.g. 在加工贸易中，生产方对原材料和产成品都 没有所有权。 In processing transactions, the manufactures never have title either to the materials or the finished products.
买卖合同salescontract委托合同consignmentcontract租赁合同leasecontract雇用合同employmentcontract贮存合同storagecontract代理合同agencycontract抵押合同mortgagecontract仓储合同warehousingcontracttradeagreement贸易协议barteragreement易货协议loanagreement贷款协议clearingagreement清算协议agencyagreement代理协议categoriesofagreementsreparationagreement赔偿协议cooperationagreement合作协议financingagreement融资协议consignmentagreement委托协议confidentialityagreement保密协议合同contract约首preamble正文body约尾witnessclause约首preamble订约日期dateofsigning订约双方signingparties双方合法依据eachpartysauthority订约地点placeofsigning订约缘由recitalsofwhereasclause定义条款definitionclause是对合同书中反复使用的词汇或在合同中具有特定意义的用语进行说明和解释
合同的英语单词读
合同的英语单词读English:"In English, the word 'contract' is pronounced as /ˈkɒntrækt/. It is a two-syllable word with the primary stress on the first syllable, indicated by the diacritic mark /ˈ/. The first syllable 'con' is pronounced with a short 'o' sound as in 'cot', followed by the consonant sound 'n'. The second syllable 'tract' is pronounced with a short 'a' sound as in 'cat', followed by the consonant sound 'k', and ending with the 't' sound. Together, 'contract' is pronounced as/ˈkɒntrækt/, with a clea r emphasis on the first syllable."中文翻译:"在英语中，'contract' 这个单词的发音是 /ˈkɒntrækt/。
它是一个两个音节的单词，重音在第一个音节上，用音标 /ˈ/ 表示。
第一个音节 'con' 发音为短元音 'o'，如 'cot' 中的音，然后是辅音 'n' 的音。
合同英语
合同ContractWe'll have the contract ready for signature.我们应准备好合同待签字。
We signed a contract for medicines.我们签订了一份药品合同。
Mr. Zhang signs the contract on behalf of the China National Silk Import & Export Corporatio n.张先生代表中国丝绸进出口总公司在合同上签了字。
A Japanese company and SINOCHEM have entered into a new contract.中国化工进出口总公司已经和日本一家公司签订了一份新合同。
It was because of you that we landed the contract.因为有了你，我们才签了那份合同。
We offered a much lower price, so they got the contract.由于我们报价低，他们和我们签了合同。
Are we anywhere near a contract yet?我们可以（接近于）签合同了吗？We sign a contract when we are acting as principals.("principals" refers to the "seller" and the "buyer")当我们作为货主时都要签订合同。
（这里的“货主”指合同中的卖方和买方）I know we (the seller) should draw up a contract and the buyer has to sign it.我们知道我们（卖方）应该拟出一份合同，买方必须签署合同。
We should simultaneously sign two contracts, one sales contract for beef and mutton, and the other contract of equal value for the purchase of cotton.我们同时签两个合同，一是牛羊肉的销售（出口）合同，另一个是等额的棉花购买（进口）合同。
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英文合同相关翻译对照Contract 与Agreement的有无区别在英语中，合同一般称为Contract，协议一般称为Agreement。
何谓“contract”?1999年中国《合同法》第二条对contract定义为：A contact in this Law refers to an agreement establishing, modifying and terminating the civil rights and obligations between subjects of equal footing, that is, between natural persons, legal persons or other organizations”。
根据这一定义，合同平等主体之间设立的确定民事权利和义务的协议。
，Steven H. Gifts编著的“Law Dictionary”中将contract 定义为“contract is a promise, or a set of promises, for breach of which the law gives remedy, or the performance of the which the law in some way recognize as a duty.”根据这一定义，合同是一种承诺，违反承诺可以得到法律救助，某种意义上法律将履行该承诺看做是一种补偿。
L.B Curzon 在其编撰的字典“A Dictionary of Law”给contract的定义：“Contract is a legally binding agreement”根据这一定义，合同就是有法律约束力的协议。
综合起来，有一个相同点，就是“Contract is an agreement”，即可将合同说成是“An agreement which binds the parties concerned”或者说合同说成是“An agreement which is enforceable by law”，也可以说：Contracts are promises that the law will enforce。
何谓“Agreement”?L.B “A consensus of mind, or evidence of such consensus, in spoke or written form, relating to anything done or to be done.”根据这一定义，协议是对已经做或准备做的相关事宜，经过谈判、协商后取得一致意见，以口头或书面形式做出的约定。
Black "Law Dictionary"有两个定义。
一个是：“A concord ofunderstanding and intention between two or more parties with respect to the effect upon their relative rightsand duties, of certain past or future facts or performance”根据这一定义，协议即双方或多方京某些过去或将来某些事实的相关权利、义务或相关权利、义务的履行而达成的一致理解和愿望。
另一个是：“The consent of two or more persons concurring respecting the transmission of some property, right or benefits, with the view of contacting an obligation, a mutual obligation.”根据这一定义，协议即两个或多个当事人，为了约定单方责任或相互责任，就财产权利、利益的转移取得的一致同意Contract(合同)和Agreement(协议)是不是可以互换呢?合同的成立必须具备几个主要因素。
它们(要约和承诺构成的)协议、约因、设立法律关系的愿望和缔约能力四大部分组成。
L.B Curzon编著的“A Diction of Law”提到：“Contract generally involves”1. offer and absolute and unqualified acceptance (要约和绝对接受)2. consensus ad idem (意思表示一致，也叫meeting of minds)3. intention to create legal relations (建立合同关系的意愿)4. genuineness of consent (同意的真实性)5. contractual capacity of the parties (合同当事人的缔约能力)6. legality of object(标的物的合法性)7. possibility of performance (履行的可能性)8. certainty of terms( 条款的确定性)9. valuable consideration(等价有偿)Black ’Law Dictionary" 中解释道：Although often used as synonyms with "contract", agreement is a broader term, e.g. an agreement might lack an essential element of a contact."即“协议”和“合同”经常用作同义词，但“协议”这一术语含义更广，例如协议可能缺乏合同的必备条款(essential clauses/provisions)。
实际使用当中，协议可不受必备条款的限制，而称为合同的文体肯定少不了必备条款，有的合同将其单列，称为一般条款(General provisions)。
，1999中国《合同法》第十二条规定了八项一般条款，分别是1. title or name and domicile of the parities(当事人的名称或姓名和住址)2. contract object(标的)3. quantity(数量)4. quality(质量)5. price or remuneration(价款或者报酬)6. time limit, place and method of performance (履行期限、地点和方式)7. liability for breach of contract(违约责任)8. methods to settle disputes (解决争议的方法)上述解释说明，contract(合同)和agreement(协议)的概念虽然接近，但使用范围不同，不能互换使用。
合同是协议的重要组成部分，所有合同一定是协议，而协议不见得都是合同。
可以说具备合同成立要求的具有强制执行力的协议才是合同。
结构特点合同类法律文件用以规定当事人的权利与义务，是预防与解决争议的依据。
合同英语行文慎密而准确，历史悠久，深含法律文化底蕴。
中文的合同开头一般先罗列当事人的名称、姓名、住所或营业场所，然后是合同正文，结尾是当事人印章、授权代表签字、职务及签字日期。
而英语合同一般以下面这类句式为开头：This agreement/contract is made and entered in to this ____ day of _____(month), _______ (year) by and between Party A (hereinafter called " Party A ")and Party B(hereinafter called " Party B ")然后是开始陈述：WHEREAS…THEREFORE… It is hereby agreed as follows:或以：WITNESSETH, WHEREAS…NOW THEREFORE, for and in consideration of the mutual covenants and agreements contained herein, the parties hereby covenant and agree as follows:接着是正文，最后是证明部分：IN WITNESS WHEREOF，the parties hereto have hereunto set their hands the day and years first above written.随后还包括当事人和见证人的签字。
签字日期一般在英文合同最搬弄是非是找不到的。
下面列出新加坡、美国、香港和日本的合同格式。
A. 新加坡AgreementTHIS AGREEMENT is made the 9th day of August, 2001 between LUCKY INTERNA TIONAL L TD, a company incorporated in Singapore and having its registered office at Telek Blongar Rise, Singapore 19569 (hereinfater called "The Company")of the part and JACK Wong (NRIC No._________ /A) of 108 Orchar Road, Singapore 01688 (hereinafter called "The Mangager") of the other part.WHEREAS:1. The company is engaged in IT business and requires a person with the necessary qualifications and experience to manage its business.2. ….NOW IT IS HEREBY AGREED as follows:1. The company shall employ the Manager and the Manager shall serve the Company as manager of the Company’s IT business for a period of two years commencing on 1st day of September2. ….IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have set their hand the day and year first above written.THE SCHEDULE ABOVE REFERRED TO合同翻译常用句型和词汇This contract is made in two originals that should be held byeach party.此合同一式二份，由双方各持一正本。