SAP_PP顾问认证考试试题及资料_[文档在线提供]
SAPPP模块业务功能应用考试
４.1物料成本核算的后台配置ﻩ１96
4.１.１定义成本构成结构ﻩ１96
4.1.2定义成本构成核算变式ﻩ197
4.1．3计算物料的标准成本ﻩ200
４．２制造订单(PP）的成本核算变式ﻩ202
4.3检查订单类型ﻩ２04
4.４定义订单成本估算的缺省值207
4.5定义订单交货的货物接收评估ﻩ２0７
１．1．３物料—MRP３12
1.1.４物料—ＭＲＰ4ﻩ13
1．1.５物料—分类１5
1.１.6物料—会计视图ﻩ１5
1.1.７物料—成本视图ﻩ１7
１.2 BOM主数据18
1．２.1简单BOＭﻩ18
１.2.2多重BOＭﻩ２１
1.2.3变式BOMﻩ23
1．2.４BOM的损耗(废品）率３3
1.3工作中心ﻩ３5
３.2.１计划订单集中转换为采购申请１50
3．2.2计划订单集中转换为生产订单ﻩ1５２
3.3计划订单手工干预155
3．4工序外协处理ﻩ1６1
3.4．1创建工序外协的信息记录161
３.4.2将计划订单转为生产订单并更改生产订单中的控制码164
3.4.3对外协工序发料ﻩ167
３.4．4对外协工序收货１69
计划时界
可选
定义一个MRP/MPＳ将不会自动地增加或重新安排订单的时期
计划周期
可选
MRＰ控制者
必输
是用来区分某材料是由谁负责的,分析和处理运行MＲP之后的异常信息,或MＰＳ的计划的调整的,可以利用ＭＲP控制者查询相关的ＭRP咨询。
批量
必输
决定系统用作计算获取数量的值,例如EX-直接按批订货量,同一天有多个需求就会产生多个计划订单或者采购申请;TB-日批量,同一天的多个需求可以自动合并为一个为计划订单或者采购申请,ＷＢ－周批量一周的多个需求合并一个计划订单或者采购申请，MB-月批量，则为一个月的需求合并为一个计划订单或采购申请。
SAP_PP顾问认证考试试题及资料_[文档在线提供]
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Review Questions for PP1.Master DataOrganizational Structures∙What are the various organizational structures in the R/3 System?∙Which R/3 organizational structures are used primarily for PP?∙What is the relation between controlling area, company code, valuation area, plant and storage locationMaterial Master∙What is the purpose of different material master views?∙Which views are available?∙Which views are used primarily for PP?∙What is the relationship between material master views and individual organizational structures?∙How does the industry sector influence the material master maintenance?∙How does the material type influence the material master maintenance?∙What is the difference between external and internal number assignment and how is it set up in Customizing?∙Which other factors can influence the selection of fields in the material master?∙How can MRP profile and forecast profile be used to optimize material master maintenance?∙How can a material master be reorganized (deleted/archived)?∙Which units of measure can affect processing in the material master (base unit of measure, production unit, order unit, etc.)?∙What is the material status used for and on which levels could it be maintained?∙Review the usage of the following settings?- MRP group- MRP type- Reorder point- Planning time fence - MRP controller- Lot size- Procurement type - Special procurement type- Production storage location- Backflush flag- Stock determination group- Bulk material- Scheduling margin key - Safety stock- Strategy group- Consumption mode and consumption period- Availability checkinggroup- Alternative selection flag - Dependent requirement flag for individual andcollective requirements - Production scheduler- Production scheduling profile- Underdelivery/overdelive ry tolerance- In-house production time (lot sizedependent/independent) - Valuation class- Price control indicator- Moving averageprice/standard priceBills of Material∙What is determined by BOM usage?∙What technical types of BOM are available?∙Can the technical type of a BOM be changed?∙During which processes will BOM usage and status be considered? ∙When would it be useful to make use of a Group BOM?∙What is meant by area of validity and effectivity of a BOM?∙Which item categories are available and what are their specifications?∙What is a sub-item?∙Under which circumstances could a BOM be recursive and what the usage of the recursive indicator?∙What is the usage of the following BOM settings?- Explosion type- Relevant to production - Relevant to costing- Material provisionindicator - Bulk material- Production storage locationWork Centers∙What is a work center category?∙What data can be maintained on the various views (basic, default, capacity, scheduling, costing, etc.)?∙What is the purpose of a standard value key?∙What role does the operation control key play?What does referencing mean?∙Why to use a work center hierarchy?What is a pooled capacity?∙Analyze the usage of the following fields?- Backflush indicator - Capacity category - Formulas fordetermining capacityrequirements- Rate of capacityutilization- Relevant to finitescheduling indicator - Overload- Formulas for scheduling - Location group (move time matrix)- Queue times (normal and minimum)- Cost center- Activity types- Formulas for costingRoutings∙What does a routing define?∙How is a routing structured?∙What task list types are available in the R/3 System?∙What is a routing group and group counter?∙What is a routing sequence, and what types of sequence are available?∙What could be reasons to use sequences?∙What are the various options to assign materials to routings?∙Under which conditions would it make sense to assign components to operations?∙What is a reference operation set?∙How could the lotsize-dependend inhouse production time be calculated and updated into the material master?Production Resources/Tools∙What types of PRT are available?∙What is the relationship between PRTs and a routing/operation? Engineering Change Management∙What are the objectives of Engineering Change Management?∙What is the significance of changes with a history?∙Which PP objects can be managed using Engineering Change Management?∙What is the purpose of an engineering change request/order?∙How is a change master record structured?∙What is a revision level compared to engineering change master?Other Issues∙Which scheduling options are available, and how do they differ from each other?∙Which time components are taken into account during scheduling?∙How are basic order dates determined?∙How are the scheduled dates determined?∙Which scheduling types are available in lead time scheduling?∙What role do reduction measures play in scheduling?∙What types of scrap can be maintained in PP basic data and how would they be considered during MRP repectively scheduling?∙What is external processing, and what conditions must be fulfilled before external processing can take place?∙What are co-products?2.Production PlanningGeneral Issues∙∙What are the dependencies between Sales and Operations Planning, Demand Management, Long-Term-Planning and Material Requirements Planning?Sales and Operations Planning∙What is the purpose of Sales and Operations Planning?∙What is the structure of product groups and how could they be used in SOP/DM/LTP/MRP?∙What is the purpose of proportion factors and aggregation factors within product groups?∙Which planning methods are available in SOP?∙Which sources are available as input data for SOP?∙Which options are available for creating a sales plan in SOP?∙Which options are available for creating an operations plan in SOP? ∙What is ‘disaggregation’?∙How could the result of SOP be passed on to different planning tools within the PP planning environment?Demand Management∙What is the purpose of Demand Management?∙At which points is Demand Management integrated with Sales and Distribution?∙Explain the main strategies in Make-to-Stock as well as in Make-to-Order planning logic. Pay attention to master data settings.∙What does consumption respectively reduction mean in the context of planning strategies?∙What role does the individual/collective requirements indicator in the material master have during make-to-order production?∙What is a stocking level, and how can it be influenced?∙Which types of availability check are available (ATP and check against planning) and what are the characteristics of these checks? ∙Explain the link between MRP group, strategy group, strategy and requirement class.∙What settings could be made in requirements classes (on PP as well as on SD side)?∙Explain the purpose of version management in Demand Management?Master Production Scheduling∙Under which circumstances would you recommend the usage of MPS?∙Compare the functionality of MPS with MRP?∙What is meant by the ‘firming’ of procurement proposals, and how can this effect be achieved?∙What is a planning time fence, and where is it defined?∙What is a manual firming date, and where is it defined?∙How can a planned order be ‘firmed’, and which firming indicators are available in a planned order?Material Requirements Planning∙What is the purpose of MRP and how does it fit into the PP planning environment?∙How would you organize MRP runs? Discuss the different options - MRP for a plant – online- MRP for a plant – in background- MRP for a material (individual planning) - online∙Which planning types are available (NEUPL, NETCH, NETPL)?∙Which planning parameters are to be set in the application itself? ∙What is the function of the planning file?∙What is meant by single-level planning, multi-level planning?∙What is meant by interactive MRP?∙What are the characteristics of an MRP scenario that is performed in simulation mode?∙What is meant by low-level code and how is it considered in MRP? ∙What is a net requirements calculation?∙Which buffers can be taken into account for the net requirements calculation in MRP (quantity buffer: safety stock, time buffer: safety time)?∙What does lot-size calculation entail?∙Which lot-sizing procedures are available in the R/3 System (static, periodic and optimizing procedures)? What are the characteristics of these lot-sizing procedures?∙How does the procurement type defined in the material master affect MRP?∙What is backward scheduling? What are the characteristics of backward scheduling?∙What is the difference between basic scheduling and lead time scheduling?∙How are the order due dates determined in basic scheduling?∙How are the order due dates determined in lead time scheduling? ∙How does the in-house production time defined in the material master affect scheduling?∙How does the scheduling margin key affect scheduling?∙How are BOMs selected in MRP? Which criteria are taken into account during BOM selection?∙What is a ‘BOM selection ID’?∙How are alternative BOMs selected?∙What is a production version?∙How are routings selected in MRP? Which criteria are taken into account during routing selection?∙What is an MRP list? What is a stock/requirements list? How are these lists structured? What are the differences between these lists?∙What is the function of exception messages?∙What are planned orders?∙What is meant by the individual/collective conversion of planned orders?∙What is meant by “days’ supply” and “receipt days’ supply”?∙How can component discontinuation be managed in MRP?3.Production Order ProcessingGeneral Issues∙What are the characteristics of work-to-order production?∙What is defined in a production order?∙What is a document type, an order category and an order type?∙What are the various elements that a production order contains?∙Which functions are executed when an order is created?∙What are the various options available for creating an order?∙Describe the system logic during routing selection?∙Describe the system logic during BOM selection?∙At which point in time are reservations generated and what information does it contain?∙Wh at can be achieved by performing the “Read master data”function?∙How could routing sequences be considered during production order creation?∙Describe the conversion of planned orders into production orders with focus on scheduling aspects?Order Release∙What happens when an order is released?∙Which operations are made possible and which are prevented when an order is released?∙What is meant by status management?∙What are business transactions?∙What are the differences between system status and user status?∙At which points in time can availability checks be performed?Which settings can be made, and which must be made? On which objects can the availability check be run?∙What is meant by machine commitment?∙What is meant by midpoint scheduling?Printing∙Which shop floor papers can be printed?∙Which print modes are available (online, update, background)?∙What does “reprinting” mean?∙Which conditions must be fulfilled before order documents can be printed?∙Which conditions must an operation fulfill before shop floor papers (and in particular confirmation slips and time tickets) can be printed? Goods Issue∙Which control indicators influence the behavior of the components in the production order (bulk material, backflush, phantomassembly, etc.)?∙What is meant by picking?∙What is meant by stock determination? Which settings have to be made for stock determination during production order processing? ∙What is a goods issue posting?∙How can goods issues be entered (reference to order, reference to reservation, unplanned, etc.)?∙What is the purpose of movement types?∙What are the effects of a goods issue posting from an integrational point of view (MM, FI, CO)?∙What is meant by the backflushing of components and how can this be achieved?Confirmation∙Which conditions must be fulfilled before confirmations can be entered?∙What is a confirmation?∙Which functions are linked to confirmations?∙Which confirmation procedures are available?∙What data can be entered during confirmations?∙What is a milestone confirmation?∙What is an unplanned milestone?∙What identifies a progress confirmation?∙What role does the control key defined in the operation play during confirmation?∙Is it possible to link a confirmation with a goods movement posting?∙What is a goods receipt?∙What are the effects of a goods receipt posting?∙What is the relevancy of the “delivery completed” indicator?∙What is the function of overdelivery/underdelivery tolerance in the material master play?Order Settlement / Archiving and Deleting∙What is meant by order settlement?∙What causes a production order to be debited/credited?∙What is the difference between prelimenary costing and actual costing?∙Which are the usual steps during order settlement?∙What means variance calculation?∙How is an order settled if the header material is a standard price material?∙At which points in time can an order be settled?∙∙How are orders archived/deleted?∙What is meant by “residence times”?Order Information Systems∙Which information systems can be used for order management?∙What are the characteristics of the order information system?∙What are variable object overviews?∙What are the special characteristics of a (multi-level) order report? ∙What is the difference between the order information system and the Shop Floor Information System?∙Which functions are available from the order progress report?Automation Options∙What options are available for automating the processing of orders?∙What role does the production scheduling profile play?∙Describe the most lean production order and the necessary settings to achieve it?∙Which functions could be executed in the mass processing?Collective Orders∙What are the characteristics of collective orders?∙How can collective orders be created? Which conditions must be fulfilled?∙What are the advantages of working with collective orders?∙Which functions can be performed on collective orders?∙How is scheduling for a complete collective order done?∙What happens if a date/quantity for an order is changed within the collective order?4.Product Cost PlanningGeneral Issues∙What is a cost element (primary/secondary)?∙What is a cost component?∙What is a cost component split?∙Explain the Costing Variant and the main settings in customizing.∙What is a costing type?∙What settings can be done in a valuation variant?∙How is a costing sheet structured?Base unit costing∙Describe base unit costing∙Which master data are required for base unit costing?∙How can results of BUC be used in further calculations?Cost estimation without quatity structure∙What is meant by quantity structure?∙Describe costing w/o quantity structure∙Which master data are required for that costing logic?Cost estimation with quantity structure∙Describe cost estimation with quatity structure∙How can the quantity structure be determined?∙What is activity based costing?∙How could results from standard cost estimation be updated into the material master?∙What happens if stock is on hand during that price update?5.Repetitive ManufacturingGeneral Issues∙What are the differences between discrete manufacturing and repetitive manufacturing?∙What are the characteristics of make-to-stock repetitivemanufacturing and make-to-order repetitive manufacturing?Master Data for Make-To-Stock RepetitiveManufacturing∙What master data are necessary in repetitive manufacturing (material master, bill of material, production line, routing)?∙- Repetitive manufacturing indicator?- Repetitive manufacturing profile?- Production versions?∙Which object is used to collect the material costs and production activities?∙What are the various options available for establishing a link between the cost collector and the production version of a material?What role doe the repetitive manufacturing profile play here?Planning Make-To-Stock Repetitive Manufacturing∙What is the planning table in repetitive manufacturing? What functions can be executed from here?Material Provision∙Describe the usage of pull list and stock determination as one of its function.∙Which other ways are available to make sure that sufficient components are provided to the shop floor?Backflush∙What does backflush mean in a repetitive manufacturing context?∙Explain the functions of final backflush.∙How can production activities be entered in the system?∙What is meant by post processing list?∙What are the advantages and disadvantages of negative stock?∙What does the reporting point backflush procedure entail?Evaluations∙Which evaluations are available?∙What is a reporting point overview?6.Logistics Information SystemData Warehouse∙What is the concept behind the Data Warehouse?∙Which individual information systems does the SAP Logistics Information System comprise?∙What data are evaluated by the information systems?∙What are info structures? What are the characteristics of info structures?∙Is there any relationship between system transaction data and the data in the info structures?∙Which reporting options are available in the SAP Information System?∙What is the difference between evaluations in LIS and evaluations on system transaction data in the PP component?Standard Analyses∙What are standard analyses?∙Which navigation options are available in standard analyses?∙Which options in standard analyses can be used to influence the way in which data is presented?∙Which analysis functions are available in standard analyses (ABC analysis, comparisons, classification, etc.)?Early Warning System∙What is an “early warning system”?∙What are the various applications for the early warning system?∙How can the early warning system be used in standard analyses? ∙What is an exception analysis?∙Which options are available for defining that an analysis should be performed at regular intervals?∙Which types of analysis are available in the early warning system (threshold value analysis, trend analysis, planned/actualcomparison)?Flexible Analyses∙What are flexible analyses? What is the difference between flexible analyses and standard analyses?∙What are evaluation structures? What are evaluations?。
SAP_PP顾问认证考试试题及资料_[文档在线提供]
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Review Questions for PP1.Master DataOrganizational Structures∙What are the various organizational structures in the R/3 System?∙Which R/3 organizational structures are used primarily for PP?∙What is the relation between controlling area, company code, valuation area, plant and storage locationMaterial Master∙What is the purpose of different material master views?∙Which views are available?∙Which views are used primarily for PP?∙What is the relationship between material master views and individual organizational structures?∙How does the industry sector influence the material master maintenance?∙How does the material type influence the material master maintenance?∙What is the difference between external and internal number assignment and how is it set up in Customizing?∙Which other factors can influence the selection of fields in the material master?∙How can MRP profile and forecast profile be used to optimize material master maintenance?∙How can a material master be reorganized (deleted/archived)?∙Which units of measure can affect processing in the material master (base unit of measure, production unit, order unit, etc.)?∙What is the material status used for and on which levels could it be maintained?∙Review the usage of the following settings?- MRP group- MRP type- Reorder point- Planning time fence - MRP controller- Lot size- Procurement type- Special procurement type - Production storagelocation- Backflush flag- Stock determination group- Bulk material- Scheduling margin key - Safety stock- Strategy group- Consumption mode and consumption period- Availability checkinggroup- Alternative selection flag - Dependent requirement flag for individual andcollective requirements - Production scheduler- Production scheduling profile - Underdelivery/overdelive ry tolerance- In-house production time (lot sizedependent/independent) - Valuation class- Price control indicator- Moving averageprice/standard priceBills of Material∙What is determined by BOM usage?∙What technical types of BOM are available?∙Can the technical type of a BOM be changed?∙During which processes will BOM usage and status be considered? ∙When would it be useful to make use of a Group BOM?∙What is meant by area of validity and effectivity of a BOM?∙Which item categories are available and what are their specifications?∙What is a sub-item?∙Under which circumstances could a BOM be recursive and what the usage of the recursive indicator?∙What is the usage of the following BOM settings?- Explosion type- Relevant to production - Relevant to costing- Material provisionindicator - Bulk material- Production storage locationWork Centers∙What is a work center category?∙What data can be maintained on the various views (basic, default, capacity, scheduling, costing, etc.)?∙What is the purpose of a standard value key?∙What role does the operation control key play?What does referencing mean?∙Why to use a work center hierarchy?What is a pooled capacity?∙Analyze the usage of the following fields?- Backflush indicator - Capacity category - Formulas fordetermining capacityrequirements- Rate of capacityutilization- Relevant to finitescheduling indicator - Overload- Formulas for scheduling - Location group (move time matrix)- Queue times (normal and minimum)- Cost center- Activity types- Formulas for costingRoutings∙What does a routing define?∙How is a routing structured?∙What task list types are available in the R/3 System?∙What is a routing group and group counter?∙What is a routing sequence, and what types of sequence are available?∙What could be reasons to use sequences?∙What are the various options to assign materials to routings?∙Under which conditions would it make sense to assign components to operations?∙What is a reference operation set?∙How could the lotsize-dependend inhouse production time be calculated and updated into the material master?Production Resources/Tools∙What types of PRT are available?∙What is the relationship between PRTs and a routing/operation? Engineering Change Management∙What are the objectives of Engineering Change Management?∙What is the significance of changes with a history?∙Which PP objects can be managed using Engineering Change Management?∙What is the purpose of an engineering change request/order?∙How is a change master record structured?∙What is a revision level compared to engineering change master?Other Issues∙Which scheduling options are available, and how do they differ from each other?∙Which time components are taken into account during scheduling?∙How are basic order dates determined?∙How are the scheduled dates determined?∙Which scheduling types are available in lead time scheduling?∙What role do reduction measures play in scheduling?∙What types of scrap can be maintained in PP basic data and how would they be considered during MRP repectively scheduling?∙What is external processing, and what conditions must be fulfilled before external processing can take place?∙What are co-products?2.Production PlanningGeneral Issues∙What are the various planning levels available in R/3 PP?∙What are the dependencies between Sales and Operations Planning, Demand Management, Long-Term-Planning and Material Requirements Planning?Sales and Operations Planning∙What is the purpose of Sales and Operations Planning?∙What is the structure of product groups and how could they be used in SOP/DM/LTP/MRP?∙What is the purpose of proportion factors and aggregation factors within product groups?∙Which planning methods are available in SOP?∙Which sources are available as input data for SOP?∙Which options are available for creating a sales plan in SOP?∙Which options are available for creating an operations plan in SOP?∙What is ‘disaggregation’?∙How could the result of SOP be passed on to different planning tools within the PP planning environment?Demand Management∙What is the purpose of Demand Management?∙At which points is Demand Management integrated with Sales and Distribution?∙Explain the main strategies in Make-to-Stock as well as in Make-to-Order planning logic. Pay attention to master data settings.∙What does consumption respectively reduction mean in the context of planning strategies?∙What role does the individual/collective requirements indicator in the material master have during make-to-order production?∙What is a stocking level, and how can it be influenced?∙Which types of availability check are available (ATP and check against planning) and what are the characteristics of these checks? ∙Explain the link between MRP group, strategy group, strategy and requirement class.∙What settings could be made in requirements classes (on PP as well as on SD side)?∙Explain the purpose of version management in Demand Management?Master Production Scheduling∙Under which circumstances would you recommend the usage of MPS?∙Compare the functionality of MPS with MRP?∙What is meant by the ‘firming’ of procurement proposals, and how can this effect be achieved?∙What is a planning time fence, and where is it defined?∙What is a manual firming date, and where is it defined?∙How can a planned order be ‘firmed’, and which firming indicators are available in a planned order?Material Requirements Planning∙What is the purpose of MRP and how does it fit into the PP planning environment?∙How would you organize MRP runs? Discuss the different options- MRP for a plant – online- MRP for a plant – in background- MRP for a material (individual planning) - online∙Which planning types are available (NEUPL, NETCH, NETPL)?∙Which planning parameters are to be set in the application itself?∙What is the function of the planning file?∙What is meant by single-level planning, multi-level planning?∙What is meant by interactive MRP?∙What are the characteristics of an MRP scenario that is performed in simulation mode?∙What is meant by low-level code and how is it considered in MRP? ∙What is a net requirements calculation?∙Which buffers can be taken into account for the net requirements calculation in MRP (quantity buffer: safety stock, time buffer: safety time)?∙What does lot-size calculation entail?∙Which lot-sizing procedures are available in the R/3 System (static, periodic and optimizing procedures)? What are the characteristics of these lot-sizing procedures?∙How does the procurement type defined in the material master affect MRP?∙What is backward scheduling? What are the characteristics of backward scheduling?∙What is the difference between basic scheduling and lead time scheduling?∙How are the order due dates determined in basic scheduling?∙How are the order due dates determined in lead time scheduling?∙How does the in-house production time defined in the material master affect scheduling?∙How does the scheduling margin key affect scheduling?∙How are BOMs selected in MRP? Which criteria are taken into account during BOM selection?∙What is a ‘BOM selection ID’?∙How are alternative BOMs selected?∙What is a production version?∙How are routings selected in MRP? Which criteria are taken into account during routing selection?∙What is an MRP list? What is a stock/requirements list? How are these lists structured? What are the differences between these lists? ∙What is the function of exception messages?∙What are planned orders?∙What is meant by the individual/collective conversion of planned orders?∙What is meant by “days’ supply” and “receipt days’ supply”?∙How can component discontinuation be managed in MRP?3.Production Order ProcessingGeneral Issues∙What are the characteristics of work-to-order production?∙What is defined in a production order?∙What is a document type, an order category and an order type?∙What are the various elements that a production order contains?∙Which functions are executed when an order is created?∙What are the various options available for creating an order?∙Describe the system logic during routing selection?∙Describe the system logic during BOM selection?∙At which point in time are reservations generated and what information does it contain?∙What can be achieved by performing the “Read master data”function?∙How could routing sequences be considered during production order creation?∙Describe the conversion of planned orders into production orders with focus on scheduling aspects?Order Release∙What happens when an order is released?∙Which operations are made possible and which are prevented when an order is released?∙What is meant by status management?∙What are business transactions?∙What are the differences between system status and user status?∙At which points in time can availability checks be performed?Which settings can be made, and which must be made? On which objects can the availability check be run?∙What is meant by machine commitment?∙What is meant by midpoint scheduling?Printing∙Which shop floor papers can be printed?∙Which print modes are available (online, update, background)?∙Wh at does “reprinting” mean?∙Which conditions must be fulfilled before order documents can be printed?∙Which conditions must an operation fulfill before shop floor papers (and in particular confirmation slips and time tickets) can be printed? Goods Issue∙Which control indicators influence the behavior of the components in the production order (bulk material, backflush, phantomassembly, etc.)?∙What is meant by picking?∙What is meant by stock determination? Which settings have to be made for stock determination during production order processing? ∙What is a goods issue posting?∙How can goods issues be entered (reference to order, reference to reservation, unplanned, etc.)?∙What is the purpose of movement types?∙What are the effects of a goods issue posting from an integrational point of view (MM, FI, CO)?∙What is meant by the backflushing of components and how can this be achieved?Confirmation∙Which conditions must be fulfilled before confirmations can be entered?∙What is a confirmation?∙Which functions are linked to confirmations?∙Which confirmation procedures are available?∙What data can be entered during confirmations?∙What is a milestone confirmation?∙What is an unplanned milestone?∙What identifies a progress confirmation?∙What role does the control key defined in the operation play during confirmation?∙Is it possible to link a confirmation with a goods movement posting?∙What is a goods receipt?∙What are the effects of a goods receipt posting?∙What is the relevancy of the “delivery completed” indicator?∙What is the function of overdelivery/underdelivery tolerance in the material master play?Order Settlement / Archiving and Deleting∙What is meant by order settlement?∙What causes a production order to be debited/credited?∙What is the difference between prelimenary costing and actual costing?∙Which are the usual steps during order settlement?∙What means variance calculation?∙How is an order settled if the header material is a standard price material?∙At which points in time can an order be settled?∙Which conditions must be fulfilled before an order can be archived? ∙How are orders archived/deleted?∙What is meant by “residence times”?Order Information Systems∙Which information systems can be used for order management?∙What are the characteristics of the order information system?∙What are variable object overviews?∙What are the special characteristics of a (multi-level) order report? ∙What is the difference between the order information system and the Shop Floor Information System?∙Which functions are available from the order progress report? Automation Options∙What options are available for automating the processing of orders? ∙What role does the production scheduling profile play?∙Describe the most lean production order and the necessary settings to achieve it?∙Which functions could be executed in the mass processing?Collective Orders∙What are the characteristics of collective orders?∙How can collective orders be created? Which conditions must be fulfilled?∙What are the advantages of working with collective orders?∙Which functions can be performed on collective orders?∙How is scheduling for a complete collective order done?∙What happens if a date/quantity for an order is changed within the collective order?4.Product Cost PlanningGeneral Issues∙What is a cost element (primary/secondary)?∙What is a cost component?∙What is a cost component split?∙Explain the Costing Variant and the main settings in customizing.∙What is a costing type?∙What settings can be done in a valuation variant?∙How is a costing sheet structured?Base unit costing∙Describe base unit costing∙Which master data are required for base unit costing?∙How can results of BUC be used in further calculations?Cost estimation without quatity structure∙What is meant by quantity structure?∙Describe costing w/o quantity structure∙Which master data are required for that costing logic?Cost estimation with quantity structure∙Describe cost estimation with quatity structure∙How can the quantity structure be determined?∙What is activity based costing?∙How could results from standard cost estimation be updated into the material master?∙What happens if stock is on hand during that price update?5.Repetitive ManufacturingGeneral Issues∙What are the differences between discrete manufacturing and repetitive manufacturing?∙What are the characteristics of make-to-stock repetitivemanufacturing and make-to-order repetitive manufacturing?Master Data for Make-To-Stock RepetitiveManufacturing∙What master data are necessary in repetitive manufacturing (material master, bill of material, production line, routing)?∙Describe the the following material master data:- Repetitive manufacturing indicator?- Repetitive manufacturing profile?- Production versions?∙Which object is used to collect the material costs and production activities?∙What are the various options available for establishing a link between the cost collector and the production version of a material?What role doe the repetitive manufacturing profile play here?Planning Make-To-Stock Repetitive Manufacturing∙What is the planning table in repetitive manufacturing? What functions can be executed from here?Material Provision∙Describe the usage of pull list and stock determination as one of its function.∙Which other ways are available to make sure that sufficient components are provided to the shop floor?Backflush∙What does backflush mean in a repetitive manufacturing context?∙Explain the functions of final backflush.∙How can production activities be entered in the system?∙What is meant by post processing list?∙What are the advantages and disadvantages of negative stock?∙What does the reporting point backflush procedure entail?Evaluations∙Which evaluations are available?∙What is a reporting point overview?6.Logistics Information SystemData Warehouse∙What is the concept behind the Data Warehouse?∙Which individual information systems does the SAP Logistics Information System comprise?∙What data are evaluated by the information systems?∙What are info structures? What are the characteristics of info structures?∙Is there any relationship between system transaction data and the data in the info structures?∙Which reporting options are available in the SAP Information System?∙What is the difference between evaluations in LIS and evaluations on system transaction data in the PP component?Standard Analyses∙What are standard analyses?∙Which navigation options are available in standard analyses?∙Which options in standard analyses can be used to influence the way in which data is presented?∙Which analysis functions are available in standard analyses (ABC analysis, comparisons, classification, etc.)?Early Warning System∙What is an “early warning system”?∙What are the various applications for the early warning system?∙How can the early warning system be used in standard analyses? ∙What is an exception analysis?∙Which options are available for defining that an analysis should be performed at regular intervals?∙Which types of analysis are available in the early warning system (threshold value analysis, trend analysis, planned/actualcomparison)?Flexible Analyses∙What are flexible analyses? What is the difference between flexible analyses and standard analyses?∙What are evaluation structures? What are evaluations?。
pp顾问考题
Review Questions for PP1.Master DataOrganizational Structures∙What are the various organizational structures in the R/3 System?∙Which R/3 organizational structures are used primarily for PP?∙What is the relation between controlling area, company code, valuation area, plant and storage locationMaterial Master∙What is the purpose of different material master views?∙Which views are available?∙Which views are used primarily for PP?∙What is the relationship between material master views and individual organizational structures?∙How does the industry sector influence the material master maintenance?∙How does the material type influence the material master maintenance?∙What is the difference between external and internal number assignment and how is it set up in Customizing?∙Which other factors can influence the selection of fields in the material master?∙How can MRP profile and forecast profile be used to optimize material master maintenance?∙How can a material master be reorganized (deleted/archived)?∙Which units of measure can affect processing in the material master (base unit of measure, production unit, order unit, etc.)?∙What is the material status used for and on which levels could it be maintained?∙Review the usage of the following settings?- MRP group- MRP type- Reorder point- Planning time fence- MRP controller- Lot size- Procurement type- Special procurement type - Production storage location - Backflush flag- Stock determination group - Bulk material- Scheduling margin key- Safety stock- Strategy group- Consumption mode and consumption period - Availability checking group- Alternative selection flag- Dependent requirement flag for individual and collectiverequirements- Production scheduler- Production scheduling profile- Underdelivery/overdeliverytolerance- In-house production time (lot size dependent/independent)- Valuation class- Price control indicator- Moving average price/standard priceBills of Material∙What is determined by BOM usage?∙What technical types of BOM are available?∙Can the technical type of a BOM be changed?∙During which processes will BOM usage and status be considered? ∙When would it be useful to make use of a Group BOM?∙What is meant by area of validity and effectivity of a BOM?∙Which item categories are available and what are their specifications? ∙What is a sub-item?∙Under which circumstances could a BOM be recursive and what the usage of the recursive indicator?∙What is the usage of the following BOM settings?- Explosion type- Relevant to production - Relevant to costing - Material provision indicator - Bulk material- Production storage locationWork Centers∙What is a work center category?∙What data can be maintained on the various views (basic, default, capacity, scheduling, costing, etc.)?∙What is the purpose of a standard value key?∙What role does the operation control key play?What does referencing mean?∙Why to use a work center hierarchy?What is a pooled capacity?∙Analyze the usage of the following fields?- Backflush indicator- Capacity category- Formulas for determining capacity requirements- Rate of capacity utilization- Relevant to finite schedulingindicator- Overload - Formulas for scheduling- Location group (move time matrix) - Queue times (normal andminimum)- Cost center- Activity types- Formulas for costingRoutings∙What does a routing define?∙How is a routing structured?∙What task list types are available in the R/3 System?∙What is a routing group and group counter?∙What is a routing sequence, and what types of sequence are available?∙What could be reasons to use sequences?∙What are the various options to assign materials to routings?∙Under which conditions would it make sense to assign components to operations?∙What is a reference operation set?∙How could the lotsize-dependend inhouse production time be calculated and updated into the material master?Production Resources/Tools∙What types of PRT are available?∙What is the relationship between PRTs and a routing/operation?Engineering Change Management∙What are the objectives of Engineering Change Management?∙What is the significance of changes with a history?∙Which PP objects can be managed using Engineering Change Management?∙What is the purpose of an engineering change request/order?∙How is a change master record structured?∙What is a revision level compared to engineering change master?Other Issues∙Which scheduling options are available, and how do they differ from each other?∙Which time components are taken into account during scheduling?∙How are basic order dates determined?∙How are the scheduled dates determined?∙Which scheduling types are available in lead time scheduling?∙What role do reduction measures play in scheduling?∙What types of scrap can be maintained in PP basic data and how would they be considered during MRP repectively scheduling?∙What is external processing, and what conditions must be fulfilled before external processing can take place?∙What are co-products?2.Production PlanningGeneral Issues∙What are the various planning levels available in R/3 PP?∙What are the dependencies between Sales and Operations Planning, Demand Management, Long-Term-Planning and Material Requirements Planning?Sales and Operations Planning∙What is the purpose of Sales and Operations Planning?∙What is the structure of product groups and how could they be used in SOP/DM/LTP/MRP?∙What is the purpose of proportion factors and aggregation factors within product groups?∙Which planning methods are available in SOP?∙Which sources are available as input data for SOP?∙Which options are available for creating a sales plan in SOP?∙Which options are available for creating an operations plan in SOP?∙What is …disaggregation‟?∙How could the result of SOP be passed on to different planning tools within the PP planning environment?Demand Management∙What is the purpose of Demand Management?∙At which points is Demand Management integrated with Sales and Distribution?∙Explain the main strategies in Make-to-Stock as well as in Make-to-Order planning logic. Pay attention to master data settings.∙What does consumption respectively reduction mean in the context of planning strategies?∙What role does the individual/collective requirements indicator in the material master have during make-to-order production?∙What is a stocking level, and how can it be influenced?∙Which types of availability check are available (ATP and check against planning) and what are the characteristics of these checks?∙Explain the link between MRP group, strategy group, strategy and requirement class.∙What settings could be made in requirements classes (on PP as well as on SD side)?∙Explain the purpose of version management in Demand Management?Master Production Scheduling∙Under which circumstances would you recommend the usage of MPS?∙Compare the functionality of MPS with MRP?∙What is meant by the …firming‟ of procurement proposals, and how can this effect be achieved? ∙What is a planning time fence, and where is it defined?∙What is a manual firming date, and where is it defined?∙How can a planned order be …firmed‟, and which firming indicators are available in a planned order?Material Requirements Planning∙What is the purpose of MRP and how does it fit into the PP planning environment?∙How would you organize MRP runs? Discuss the different options- MRP for a plant – online- MRP for a plant – in background- MRP for a material (individual planning) - online∙Which planning types are available (NEUPL, NETCH, NETPL)?∙Which planning parameters are to be set in the application itself?∙What is the function of the planning file?∙What is meant by single-level planning, multi-level planning?∙What is meant by interactive MRP?∙What are the characteristics of an MRP scenario that is performed in simulation mode?∙What is meant by low-level code and how is it considered in MRP?∙What is a net requirements calculation?∙Which buffers can be taken into account for the net requirements calculation in MRP (quantity buffer: safety stock, time buffer: safety time)?∙What does lot-size calculation entail?∙Which lot-sizing procedures are available in the R/3 System (static, periodic and optimizing procedures)? What are the characteristics of these lot-sizing procedures?∙How does the procurement type defined in the material master affect MRP?∙What is backward scheduling? What are the characteristics of backward scheduling?∙What is the difference between basic scheduling and lead time scheduling?∙How are the order due dates determined in basic scheduling?∙How are the order due dates determined in lead time scheduling?∙How does the in-house production time defined in the material master affect scheduling?∙How does the scheduling margin key affect scheduling?∙How are BOMs selected in MRP? Which criteria are taken into account during BOM selection? ∙What is a …BOM selection ID‟?∙How are alternative BOMs selected?∙What is a production version?∙How are routings selected in MRP? Which criteria are taken into account during routing selection?∙What is an MRP list? What is a stock/requirements list? How are these lists structured? What are the differences between these lists?∙What is the function of exception messages?∙What are planned orders?∙What is meant by the individual/collective conversion of planned orders?∙What is meant by “days‟ supply” and “receipt days‟ supply”?∙How can component discontinuation be managed in MRP?3.Production Order ProcessingGeneral Issues∙What are the characteristics of work-to-order production?∙What is defined in a production order?∙What is a document type, an order category and an order type?∙What are the various elements that a production order contains?∙Which functions are executed when an order is created?∙What are the various options available for creating an order?∙Describe the system logic during routing selection?∙Describe the system logic during BOM selection?∙At which point in time are reservations generated and what information does it contain?∙Wh at can be achieved by performing the “Read master data” function?∙How could routing sequences be considered during production order creation?∙Describe the conversion of planned orders into production orders with focus on scheduling aspects?Order Release∙What happens when an order is released?∙Which operations are made possible and which are prevented when an order is released?∙What is meant by status management?∙What are business transactions?∙What are the differences between system status and user status?∙At which points in time can availability checks be performed? Which settings can be made, and which must be made? On which objects can the availability check be run?∙What is meant by machine commitment?∙What is meant by midpoint scheduling?Printing∙Which shop floor papers can be printed?∙Which print modes are available (online, update, background)?∙What does “reprinting” mean?∙Which conditions must be fulfilled before order documents can be printed?∙Which conditions must an operation fulfill before shop floor papers (and in particular confirmation slips and time tickets) can be printed?Goods Issue∙Which control indicators influence the behavior of the components in the production order (bulk material, backflush, phantom assembly, etc.)?∙What is meant by picking?∙What is meant by stock determination? Which settings have to be made for stock determination during production order processing?∙What is a goods issue posting?∙How can goods issues be entered (reference to order, reference to reservation, unplanned, etc.)?∙What is the purpose of movement types?∙What are the effects of a goods issue posting from an integrational point of view (MM, FI, CO)?∙What is meant by the backflushing of components and how can this be achieved?Confirmation∙Which conditions must be fulfilled before confirmations can be entered?∙What is a confirmation?∙Which functions are linked to confirmations?∙Which confirmation procedures are available?∙What data can be entered during confirmations?∙What is a milestone confirmation?∙What is an unplanned milestone?∙What identifies a progress confirmation?∙What role does the control key defined in the operation play during confirmation?∙Is it possible to link a confirmation with a goods movement posting?∙What is a goods receipt?∙What are the effects of a goods receipt posting?∙What is the relevancy of the “delivery completed” indicator?∙What is the function of overdelivery/underdelivery tolerance in the material master play? Order Settlement / Archiving and Deleting∙What is meant by order settlement?∙What causes a production order to be debited/credited?∙What is the difference between prelimenary costing and actual costing?∙Which are the usual steps during order settlement?∙What means variance calculation?∙How is an order settled if the header material is a standard price material?∙At which points in time can an order be settled?∙Which conditions must be fulfilled before an order can be archived?∙How are orders archived/deleted?∙What is meant by “residence times”?Order Information Systems∙Which information systems can be used for order management?∙What are the characteristics of the order information system?∙What are variable object overviews?∙What are the special characteristics of a (multi-level) order report?∙What is the difference between the order information system and the Shop Floor Information System?∙Which functions are available from the order progress report?Automation Options∙What options are available for automating the processing of orders?∙What role does the production scheduling profile play?∙Describe the most lean production order and the necessary settings to achieve it?∙Which functions could be executed in the mass processing?Collective Orders∙What are the characteristics of collective orders?∙How can collective orders be created? Which conditions must be fulfilled?∙What are the advantages of working with collective orders?∙Which functions can be performed on collective orders?∙How is scheduling for a complete collective order done?∙What happens if a date/quantity for an order is changed within the collective order?4.Product Cost PlanningGeneral Issues∙What is a cost element (primary/secondary)?∙What is a cost component?∙What is a cost component split?∙Explain the Costing Variant and the main settings in customizing.∙What is a costing type?∙What settings can be done in a valuation variant?∙How is a costing sheet structured?Base unit costing∙Describe base unit costing∙Which master data are required for base unit costing?∙How can results of BUC be used in further calculations?Cost estimation without quatity structure∙What is meant by quantity structure?∙Describe costing w/o quantity structure∙Which master data are required for that costing logic?Cost estimation with quantity structure∙Describe cost estimation with quatity structure∙How can the quantity structure be determined?∙What is activity based costing?∙How could results from standard cost estimation be updated into the material master?∙What happens if stock is on hand during that price update?5.Repetitive ManufacturingGeneral Issues∙What are the differences between discrete manufacturing and repetitive manufacturing?∙What are the characteristics of make-to-stock repetitive manufacturing and make-to-order repetitive manufacturing?Master Data for Make-To-Stock Repetitive Manufacturing∙What master data are necessary in repetitive manufacturing (material master, bill of material, production line, routing)?∙Describe the the following material master data:- Repetitive manufacturing indicator?- Repetitive manufacturing profile?- Production versions?∙Which object is used to collect the material costs and production activities?∙What are the various options available for establishing a link between the cost collector and the production version of a material? What role doe the repetitive manufacturing profile play here?Planning Make-To-Stock Repetitive Manufacturing∙What is the planning table in repetitive manufacturing? What functions can be executed from here?Material Provision∙Describe the usage of pull list and stock determination as one of its function.∙Which other ways are available to make sure that sufficient components are provided to the shop floor?Backflush∙What does backflush mean in a repetitive manufacturing context?∙Explain the functions of final backflush.∙How can production activities be entered in the system?∙What is meant by post processing list?∙What are the advantages and disadvantages of negative stock?∙What does the reporting point backflush procedure entail?Evaluations∙Which evaluations are available?∙What is a reporting point overview?6.Logistics Information SystemData Warehouse∙What is the concept behind the Data Warehouse?∙Which individual information systems does the SAP Logistics Information System comprise?∙What data are evaluated by the information systems?∙What are info structures? What are the characteristics of info structures?∙Is there any relationship between system transaction data and the data in the info structures?∙Which reporting options are available in the SAP Information System?∙What is the difference between evaluations in LIS and evaluations on system transaction data in the PP component?Standard Analyses∙What are standard analyses?∙Which navigation options are available in standard analyses?∙Which options in standard analyses can be used to influence the way in which data is presented?∙Which analysis functions are available in standard analyses (ABC analysis, comparisons, classification, etc.)?Early Warning System∙What is an “early warning system”?∙What are the various applications for the early warning system?∙How can the early warning system be used in standard analyses?∙What is an exception analysis?∙Which options are available for defining that an analysis should be performed at regular intervals?∙Which types of analysis are available in the early warning system (threshold value analysis, trend analysis, planned/actual comparison)?Flexible Analyses∙What are flexible analyses? What is the difference between flexible analyses and standard analyses?∙What are evaluation structures? What are evaluations?。
SAP PP顾问面试试题及资料_中文
SAP PP顾问面试试题及资料1。
主数据组织架构•SAP中主要的组织架构有哪些？哪些用于PP的组织架构？•成本控制范围、公司代码、估价范围、工厂、库存地点之间的关系物料主数据•不同的物料主数据视图的作用？•你们公司用到了哪些视图，哪些视图主要用在PP模块？•物料主数据视图与组织架构之间有哪些联系？•行业对物料主数据视图有哪些影响？•物料类型对物料主数据的影响？•外部和内部编号分配的差异？如何定制？•哪些因素会影响物料主数据的选择字段？•MRP的参数文件和预测参数如何用于物料主数据维护的优化？•物料主数据如何重组？（删除/存档）？•物料主数据中哪些计量单位可以影响到公司运作（基本单位，生产单位，订单单位等）？•物料有哪些状态？分别处于哪一个组织层次上，能够在哪些层次上更改？•介绍一下以下字段的用途- MRP组- MRP类型- 重订货点- 计划周期- MRP控制者- 批量- 采购获取类型- 特殊采购类型- 发货仓储地点- 反冲标志- 库存确定组- 散装物料- 计划边际码- 安全库存- 策略组- 消耗模式和消费期间- 可用性检查组- 替代选择标志- 独立/集中- 生产调度员- 生产计划参数文件- 不足交货/过度交货容差- 厂内生产时间（取决于批量/独立）-评估类- 价格控制- 移动平均价格/标准价格物料BOM•你们公司BOM的用途有哪些？•你们公司采用哪些BOM的技术类型？技术类型能否改变？（简单、派生、多重）•BOM用用途与状态从维护主数据到生产过程中会经过哪些改变？•你们公司有无使用集团BOM？•你们公司如何检查BOM的正确及有效性•BOM项目中有哪些项目类别，这些类别的作用？•什么是子项目？•在什么情况下BOM可以是递归的，递归标志的用法？•以下BOM设置的用途？- 展开类型- 相关生产- 成本核算相关- 物料供应ID- 散装物料- 发货仓储地点工作中心•工作中心类型的定义，你们公司使用了哪几类？工作中心的视图有哪些？一般维护了什么样的数据？（基本，缺省值，，能力，调度，成本核算等）？•什么是标准值？它的主要作用是什么？•你们公司的控制码有哪些？它的主要作用？参照指示符的作用？•有无使用工作中心的层次结构，它的作用？共享能力是什么？•解释一下下列字段的用途？- 反冲标志- 能力类别- 能力中公式- 能力利用率- 计划细节中的和有限计划相关指标- 过载- 计划公式- 位置组（移动时间矩阵）- 排队时间（正常和最小）- 成本中心- 作业类型- 成本计算公式工艺路线•ROUTING的定义及结构？•工艺路线有哪些任务清单类型?•什么是工艺路线组和组计数器？•什么是工艺路线顺序，有哪些标准的顺序类型？哪些情况下需要使用顺序？•如何分配物料去工艺路线，有几种操作方式？•在哪种情况下必须进行组件分配？•什么是参照工序集？如何使用？•如何根据工序中的批量计算与更新物料主数据中的厂内生产时间生产资源/工具•PRT的种类？你们公司使用哪几类？•PRTS与工艺路线的关系？工程更改管理•工程更改管理的目的是什么？•什么是同一个历史变化的意义？•哪些PP对象可以使用工程更改管理？•工程更改请求/订单的目的？•如何改变主记录结构？•什么是调整的水平相比，工程变更主人？其他问题•哪些调度可供选择，以及它们如何互相区别？•哪些是考虑到在调度时间的组成部分？•基本秩序的日期是如何确定的？•如何的日期确定的？•哪些类型的铅调度实时调度提供？•什么样的作用发挥调度减排措施？•什么类型的废料可在PP中的基本数据，以及如何保持他们会认为双子期间MRP的调度？•什么是对外加工，必须在什么条件下完成对外加工，可以进行？•什么是共同的产品？2。
SAP PP 顾问认证考试试题及资料
w w w.er p do wn.co m Review Questions for PP1.Master DataOrganizational Structures•What are the various organizational structures in the R/3 System?•Which R/3 organizational structures are used primarily for PP?•What is the relation between controlling area, company code, valuation area, plant and storage locationMaterial Master•What is the purpose of different material master views?•Which views are available?•Which views are used primarily for PP?•What is the relationship between material master views and individual organizational structures?•How does the industry sector influence the material master maintenance?•How does the material type influence the material master maintenance?•What is the difference between external and internal number assignment and how is it set up in Customizing?•Which other factors can influence the selection of fields in the material master?•How can MRP profile and forecast profile be used to optimize material master maintenance?•How can a material master be reorganized (deleted/archived)?•Which units of measure can affect processing in the material master (base unit of measure, production unit, order unit, etc.)?•What is the material status used for and on which levels could it be maintained?•Review the usage of the following settings?- MRP group- MRP type- Reorder point- Planning time fence- MRP controller- Lot size- Procurement type- Special procurement type - Production storage location - Backflush flag- Stock determination group - Bulk material- Scheduling margin key- Safety stock- Strategy group- Consumption mode and consumption period - Availability checking group- Alternative selection flag- Dependent requirement flag for individual and collectiverequirements- Production scheduler- Production scheduling profile- Underdelivery/overdeliverytolerance- In-house production time (lot size dependent/independent)- Valuation class- Price control indicator- Moving average price/standard priceBills of Material•What is determined by BOM usage?•What technical types of BOM are available?•Can the technical type of a BOM be changed?•During which processes will BOM usage and status be considered? •When would it be useful to make use of a Group BOM?•What is meant by area of validity and effectivity of a BOM?•Which item categories are available and what are their specifications? •What is a sub-item?w w w.er p do wn.co m•Under which circumstances could a BOM be recursive and what the usage of the recursive indicator?•What is the usage of the following BOM settings?- Explosion type- Relevant to production - Relevant to costing - Material provision indicator - Bulk material- Production storage locationWork Centers•What is a work center category?•What data can be maintained on the various views (basic, default, capacity, scheduling, costing, etc.)?•What is the purpose of a standard value key?•What role does the operation control key play?What does referencing mean?•Why to use a work center hierarchy?What is a pooled capacity?•Analyze the usage of the following fields?- Backflush indicator- Capacity category- Formulas for determining capacity requirements- Rate of capacity utilization- Relevant to finite schedulingindicator- Overload - Formulas for scheduling- Location group (move time matrix) - Queue times (normal andminimum)- Cost center- Activity types- Formulas for costingRoutings•What does a routing define?•How is a routing structured?•What task list types are available in the R/3 System?•What is a routing group and group counter?•What is a routing sequence, and what types of sequence are available?•What could be reasons to use sequences?•What are the various options to assign materials to routings?•Under which conditions would it make sense to assign components to operations?•What is a reference operation set?•How could the lotsize-dependend inhouse production time be calculated and updated into the material master?Production Resources/Tools•What types of PRT are available?•What is the relationship between PRTs and a routing/operation?Engineering Change Management•What are the objectives of Engineering Change Management?•What is the significance of changes with a history?•Which PP objects can be managed using Engineering Change Management?•What is the purpose of an engineering change request/order?•How is a change master record structured?•What is a revision level compared to engineering change master?w w w.er p do wn.co mOther Issues•Which scheduling options are available, and how do they differ from each other?•Which time components are taken into account during scheduling?•How are basic order dates determined?•How are the scheduled dates determined?•Which scheduling types are available in lead time scheduling?•What role do reduction measures play in scheduling?•What types of scrap can be maintained in PP basic data and how would they be considered during MRP repectively scheduling?•What is external processing, and what conditions must be fulfilled before external processing can take place?•What are co-products?2.Production PlanningGeneral Issues•What are the various planning levels available in R/3 PP?•What are the dependencies between Sales and Operations Planning, Demand Management, Long-Term-Planning and Material Requirements Planning?Sales and Operations Planning•What is the purpose of Sales and Operations Planning?•What is the structure of product groups and how could they be used in SOP/DM/LTP/MRP?•What is the purpose of proportion factors and aggregation factors within product groups?•Which planning methods are available in SOP?•Which sources are available as input data for SOP?•Which options are available for creating a sales plan in SOP?•Which options are available for creating an operations plan in SOP?•What is ‘disaggregation’?•How could the result of SOP be passed on to different planning tools within the PP planning environment?Demand Management•What is the purpose of Demand Management?•At which points is Demand Management integrated with Sales and Distribution?•Explain the main strategies in Make-to-Stock as well as in Make-to-Order planning logic. Pay attention to master data settings.•What does consumption respectively reduction mean in the context of planning strategies?•What role does the individual/collective requirements indicator in the material master have during make-to-order production?•What is a stocking level, and how can it be influenced?•Which types of availability check are available (ATP and check against planning) and what are the characteristics of these checks?•Explain the link between MRP group, strategy group, strategy and requirement class.•What settings could be made in requirements classes (on PP as well as on SD side)?•Explain the purpose of version management in Demand Management?w w w.er p do wn.co mMaster Production Scheduling•Under which circumstances would you recommend the usage of MPS?•Compare the functionality of MPS with MRP?•What is meant by the ‘firming’ of procurement proposals, and how can this effect be achieved? •What is a planning time fence, and where is it defined?•What is a manual firming date, and where is it defined?•How can a planned order be ‘firmed’, and which firming indicators are available in a planned order?Material Requirements Planning•What is the purpose of MRP and how does it fit into the PP planning environment?•How would you organize MRP runs? Discuss the different options- MRP for a plant – online- MRP for a plant – in background- MRP for a material (individual planning) - online•Which planning types are available (NEUPL, NETCH, NETPL)?•Which planning parameters are to be set in the application itself?•What is the function of the planning file?•What is meant by single-level planning, multi-level planning?•What is meant by interactive MRP?•What are the characteristics of an MRP scenario that is performed in simulation mode? •What is meant by low-level code and how is it considered in MRP?•What is a net requirements calculation?•Which buffers can be taken into account for the net requirements calculation in MRP (quantity buffer: safety stock, time buffer: safety time)?•What does lot-size calculation entail?•Which lot-sizing procedures are available in the R/3 System (static, periodic and optimizing procedures)? What are the characteristics of these lot-sizing procedures?•How does the procurement type defined in the material master affect MRP?•What is backward scheduling? What are the characteristics of backward scheduling?•What is the difference between basic scheduling and lead time scheduling?•How are the order due dates determined in basic scheduling?•How are the order due dates determined in lead time scheduling?•How does the in-house production time defined in the material master affect scheduling? •How does the scheduling margin key affect scheduling?•How are BOMs selected in MRP? Which criteria are taken into account during BOM selection? •What is a ‘BOM selection ID’?•How are alternative BOMs selected?•What is a production version?•How are routings selected in MRP? Which criteria are taken into account during routing selection?•What is an MRP list? What is a stock/requirements list? How are these lists structured? What are the differences between these lists?•What is the function of exception messages?•What are planned orders?•What is meant by the individual/collective conversion of planned orders?•What is meant by “days’ supply” and “receipt days’ supply”?•How can component discontinuation be managed in MRP?w w w.er p do wn.co m3.Production Order ProcessingGeneral Issues•What are the characteristics of work-to-order production?•What is defined in a production order?•What is a document type, an order category and an order type?•What are the various elements that a production order contains?•Which functions are executed when an order is created?•What are the various options available for creating an order?•Describe the system logic during routing selection?•Describe the system logic during BOM selection?•At which point in time are reservations generated and what information does it contain?•What can be achieved by performing the “Read master data” function?•How could routing sequences be considered during production order creation?•Describe the conversion of planned orders into production orders with focus on scheduling aspects?Order Release•What happens when an order is released?•Which operations are made possible and which are prevented when an order is released?•What is meant by status management?•What are business transactions?•What are the differences between system status and user status?•At which points in time can availability checks be performed? Which settings can be made, and which must be made? On which objects can the availability check be run?•What is meant by machine commitment?•What is meant by midpoint scheduling?Printing•Which shop floor papers can be printed?•Which print modes are available (online, update, background)?•What does “reprinting” mean?•Which conditions must be fulfilled before order documents can be printed?•Which conditions must an operation fulfill before shop floor papers (and in particular confirmation slips and time tickets) can be printed?Goods Issue•Which control indicators influence the behavior of the components in the production order (bulk material, backflush, phantom assembly, etc.)?•What is meant by picking?•What is meant by stock determination? Which settings have to be made for stock determination during production order processing?•What is a goods issue posting?•How can goods issues be entered (reference to order, reference to reservation, unplanned, etc.)?•What is the purpose of movement types?•What are the effects of a goods issue posting from an integrational point of view (MM, FI, CO)?•What is meant by the backflushing of components and how can this be achieved?w w w.er p do wn.co mConfirmation•Which conditions must be fulfilled before confirmations can be entered?•What is a confirmation?•Which functions are linked to confirmations?•Which confirmation procedures are available?•What data can be entered during confirmations?•What is a milestone confirmation?•What is an unplanned milestone?•What identifies a progress confirmation?•What role does the control key defined in the operation play during confirmation?•Is it possible to link a confirmation with a goods movement posting?•What is a goods receipt?•What are the effects of a goods receipt posting?•What is the relevancy of the “delivery completed” indicator?•What is the function of overdelivery/underdelivery tolerance in the material master play? Order Settlement / Archiving and Deleting•What is meant by order settlement?•What causes a production order to be debited/credited?•What is the difference between prelimenary costing and actual costing?•Which are the usual steps during order settlement?•What means variance calculation?•How is an order settled if the header material is a standard price material?•At which points in time can an order be settled?•Which conditions must be fulfilled before an order can be archived?•How are orders archived/deleted?•What is meant by “residence times”?Order Information Systems•Which information systems can be used for order management?•What are the characteristics of the order information system?•What are variable object overviews?•What are the special characteristics of a (multi-level) order report?•What is the difference between the order information system and the Shop Floor Information System?•Which functions are available from the order progress report?Automation Options•What options are available for automating the processing of orders?•What role does the production scheduling profile play?•Describe the most lean production order and the necessary settings to achieve it?•Which functions could be executed in the mass processing?Collective Orders•What are the characteristics of collective orders?•How can collective orders be created? Which conditions must be fulfilled?•What are the advantages of working with collective orders?•Which functions can be performed on collective orders?•How is scheduling for a complete collective order done?•What happens if a date/quantity for an order is changed within the collective order?w w w.er p do wn.co m4.Product Cost PlanningGeneral Issues•What is a cost element (primary/secondary)?•What is a cost component?•What is a cost component split?•Explain the Costing Variant and the main settings in customizing.•What is a costing type?•What settings can be done in a valuation variant?•How is a costing sheet structured?Base unit costing•Describe base unit costing•Which master data are required for base unit costing?•How can results of BUC be used in further calculations?Cost estimation without quatity structure•What is meant by quantity structure?•Describe costing w/o quantity structure•Which master data are required for that costing logic?Cost estimation with quantity structure•Describe cost estimation with quatity structure•How can the quantity structure be determined?•What is activity based costing?•How could results from standard cost estimation be updated into the material master?•What happens if stock is on hand during that price update?5.Repetitive ManufacturingGeneral Issues•What are the differences between discrete manufacturing and repetitive manufacturing?•What are the characteristics of make-to-stock repetitive manufacturing and make-to-order repetitive manufacturing?Master Data for Make-To-Stock Repetitive Manufacturing•What master data are necessary in repetitive manufacturing (material master, bill of material, production line, routing)?•Describe the the following material master data:- Repetitive manufacturing indicator?- Repetitive manufacturing profile?- Production versions?•Which object is used to collect the material costs and production activities?•What are the various options available for establishing a link between the cost collector and the production version of a material? What role doe the repetitive manufacturing profile play here?w w w.er p do wn.co mPlanning Make-To-Stock Repetitive Manufacturing•What is the planning table in repetitive manufacturing? What functions can be executed from here?Material Provision•Describe the usage of pull list and stock determination as one of its function.•Which other ways are available to make sure that sufficient components are provided to the shop floor?Backflush•What does backflush mean in a repetitive manufacturing context?•Explain the functions of final backflush.•How can production activities be entered in the system?•What is meant by post processing list?•What are the advantages and disadvantages of negative stock?•What does the reporting point backflush procedure entail?Evaluations•Which evaluations are available?•What is a reporting point overview?6.Logistics Information SystemData Warehouse•What is the concept behind the Data Warehouse?•Which individual information systems does the SAP Logistics Information System comprise?•What data are evaluated by the information systems?•What are info structures? What are the characteristics of info structures?•Is there any relationship between system transaction data and the data in the info structures?•Which reporting options are available in the SAP Information System?•What is the difference between evaluations in LIS and evaluations on system transaction data in the PP component?Standard Analyses•What are standard analyses?•Which navigation options are available in standard analyses?•Which options in standard analyses can be used to influence the way in which data is presented?•Which analysis functions are available in standard analyses (ABC analysis, comparisons, classification, etc.)?r p d o wn.co mEarly Warning System•What is an “early warning system”?•What are the various applications for the early warning system?•How can the early warning system be used in standard analyses?•What is an exception analysis?•Which options are available for defining that an analysis should be performed at regular intervals?•Which types of analysis are available in the early warning system (threshold value analysis, trend analysis, planned/actual comparison)?Flexible Analyses•What are flexible analyses? What is the difference between flexible analyses and standard analyses?•What are evaluation structures? What are evaluations?w ww.e。
sap_pp__顾问认证考试试题及资料_
Review Questions for PP1.Master DataOrganizational Structures•What are the various organizational structures in the R/3 System?•Which R/3 organizational structures are used primarily for PP?•What is the relation between controlling area, company code, valuation area, plant and storage locationMaterial Master•What is the purpose of different material master views?•Which views are available?•Which views are used primarily for PP?•What is the relationship between material master views and individual organizational structures?•How does the industry sector influence the material master maintenance?•How does the material type influence the material master maintenance?•What is the difference between external and internal number assignment and how is it set up in Customizing?•Which other factors can influence the selection of fields in the material master?•How can MRP profile and forecast profile be used to optimize material master maintenance?•How can a material master be reorganized (deleted/archived)?•Which units of measure can affect processing in the material master (base unit of measure, production unit, order unit, etc.)?•What is the material status used for and on which levels could it be maintained?•Review the usage of the following settings?- MRP group- MRP type- Reorder point- Planning time fence- MRP controller- Lot size- Procurement type- Special procurement type - Production storage location - Backflush flag- Stock determination group - Bulk material- Scheduling margin key- Safety stock- Strategy group- Consumption mode and consumption period - Availability checking group- Alternative selection flag- Dependent requirement flag for individual and collectiverequirements- Production scheduler- Production scheduling profile- Underdelivery/overdeliverytolerance- In-house production time (lot size dependent/independent)- Valuation class- Price control indicator- Moving average price/standard priceBills of Material•What is determined by BOM usage?•What technical types of BOM are available?•Can the technical type of a BOM be changed?•During which processes will BOM usage and status be considered? •When would it be useful to make use of a Group BOM?•What is meant by area of validity and effectivity of a BOM?•Which item categories are available and what are their specifications? •What is a sub-item?•Under which circumstances could a BOM be recursive and what the usage of the recursive indicator?•What is the usage of the following BOM settings?- Explosion type- Relevant to production - Relevant to costing - Material provision indicator - Bulk material- Production storage locationWork Centers•What is a work center category?•What data can be maintained on the various views (basic, default, capacity, scheduling, costing, etc.)?•What is the purpose of a standard value key?•What role does the operation control key play?What does referencing mean?•Why to use a work center hierarchy?What is a pooled capacity?•Analyze the usage of the following fields?- Backflush indicator- Capacity category- Formulas for determining capacity requirements- Rate of capacity utilization- Relevant to finite schedulingindicator- Overload - Formulas for scheduling- Location group (move time matrix) - Queue times (normal andminimum)- Cost center- Activity types- Formulas for costingRoutings•What does a routing define?•How is a routing structured?•What task list types are available in the R/3 System?•What is a routing group and group counter?•What is a routing sequence, and what types of sequence are available?•What could be reasons to use sequences?•What are the various options to assign materials to routings?•Under which conditions would it make sense to assign components to operations?•What is a reference operation set?•How could the lotsize-dependend inhouse production time be calculated and updated into the material master?Production Resources/Tools•What types of PRT are available?•What is the relationship between PRTs and a routing/operation?Engineering Change Management•What are the objectives of Engineering Change Management?•What is the significance of changes with a history?•Which PP objects can be managed using Engineering Change Management?•What is the purpose of an engineering change request/order?•How is a change master record structured?•What is a revision level compared to engineering change master?Other Issues•Which scheduling options are available, and how do they differ from each other?•Which time components are taken into account during scheduling?•How are basic order dates determined?•How are the scheduled dates determined?•Which scheduling types are available in lead time scheduling?•What role do reduction measures play in scheduling?•What types of scrap can be maintained in PP basic data and how would they be considered during MRP repectively scheduling?•What is external processing, and what conditions must be fulfilled before external processing can take place?•What are co-products?2.Production PlanningGeneral Issues•What are the various planning levels available in R/3 PP?•What are the dependencies between Sales and Operations Planning, Demand Management, Long-Term-Planning and Material Requirements Planning?Sales and Operations Planning•What is the purpose of Sales and Operations Planning?•What is the structure of product groups and how could they be used in SOP/DM/LTP/MRP?•What is the purpose of proportion factors and aggregation factors within product groups?•Which planning methods are available in SOP?•Which sources are available as input data for SOP?•Which options are available for creating a sales plan in SOP?•Which options are available for creating an operations plan in SOP?•What is ‘disaggregation’?•How could the result of SOP be passed on to different planning tools within the PP planning environment?Demand Management•What is the purpose of Demand Management?•At which points is Demand Management integrated with Sales and Distribution?•Explain the main strategies in Make-to-Stock as well as in Make-to-Order planning logic. Pay attention to master data settings.•What does consumption respectively reduction mean in the context of planning strategies?•What role does the individual/collective requirements indicator in the material master have during make-to-order production?•What is a stocking level, and how can it be influenced?•Which types of availability check are available (ATP and check against planning) and what are the characteristics of these checks?•Explain the link between MRP group, strategy group, strategy and requirement class.•What settings could be made in requirements classes (on PP as well as on SD side)?•Explain the purpose of version management in Demand Management?Master Production Scheduling•Under which circumstances would you recommend the usage of MPS?•Compare the functionality of MPS with MRP?•What is meant by the ‘firming’ of procurement proposals, and how can this effect be achieved? •What is a planning time fence, and where is it defined?•What is a manual firming date, and where is it defined?•How can a planned order be ‘firmed’, and which firming indicators are available in a planned order?Material Requirements Planning•What is the purpose of MRP and how does it fit into the PP planning environment?•How would you organize MRP runs? Discuss the different options- MRP for a plant – online- MRP for a plant – in background- MRP for a material (individual planning) - online•Which planning types are available (NEUPL, NETCH, NETPL)?•Which planning parameters are to be set in the application itself?•What is the function of the planning file?•What is meant by single-level planning, multi-level planning?•What is meant by interactive MRP?•What are the characteristics of an MRP scenario that is performed in simulation mode? •What is meant by low-level code and how is it considered in MRP?•What is a net requirements calculation?•Which buffers can be taken into account for the net requirements calculation in MRP (quantity buffer: safety stock, time buffer: safety time)?•What does lot-size calculation entail?•Which lot-sizing procedures are available in the R/3 System (static, periodic and optimizing procedures)? What are the characteristics of these lot-sizing procedures?•How does the procurement type defined in the material master affect MRP?•What is backward scheduling? What are the characteristics of backward scheduling?•What is the difference between basic scheduling and lead time scheduling?•How are the order due dates determined in basic scheduling?•How are the order due dates determined in lead time scheduling?•How does the in-house production time defined in the material master affect scheduling? •How does the scheduling margin key affect scheduling?•How are BOMs selected in MRP? Which criteria are taken into account during BOM selection? •What is a ‘BOM selection ID’?•How are alternative BOMs selected?•What is a production version?•How are routings selected in MRP? Which criteria are taken into account during routing selection?•What is an MRP list? What is a stock/requirements list? How are these lists structured? What are the differences between these lists?•What is the function of exception messages?•What are planned orders?•What is meant by the individual/collective conversion of planned orders?•What is meant by “days’ supply” and “receipt days’ supply”?•How can component discontinuation be managed in MRP?3.Production Order ProcessingGeneral Issues•What are the characteristics of work-to-order production?•What is defined in a production order?•What is a document type, an order category and an order type?•What are the various elements that a production order contains?•Which functions are executed when an order is created?•What are the various options available for creating an order?•Describe the system logic during routing selection?•Describe the system logic during BOM selection?•At which point in time are reservations generated and what information does it contain?•Wh at can be achieved by performing the “Read master data” function?•How could routing sequences be considered during production order creation?•Describe the conversion of planned orders into production orders with focus on scheduling aspects?Order Release•What happens when an order is released?•Which operations are made possible and which are prevented when an order is released?•What is meant by status management?•What are business transactions?•What are the differences between system status and user status?•At which points in time can availability checks be performed? Which settings can be made, and which must be made? On which objects can the availability check be run?•What is meant by machine commitment?•What is meant by midpoint scheduling?Printing•Which shop floor papers can be printed?•Which print modes are available (online, update, background)?•What does “reprinting” mean?•Which conditions must be fulfilled before order documents can be printed?•Which conditions must an operation fulfill before shop floor papers (and in particular confirmation slips and time tickets) can be printed?Goods Issue•Which control indicators influence the behavior of the components in the production order (bulk material, backflush, phantom assembly, etc.)?•What is meant by picking?•What is meant by stock determination? Which settings have to be made for stock determination during production order processing?•What is a goods issue posting?•How can goods issues be entered (reference to order, reference to reservation, unplanned, etc.)?•What is the purpose of movement types?•What are the effects of a goods issue posting from an integrational point of view (MM, FI, CO)?•What is meant by the backflushing of components and how can this be achieved?Confirmation•Which conditions must be fulfilled before confirmations can be entered?•What is a confirmation?•Which functions are linked to confirmations?•Which confirmation procedures are available?•What data can be entered during confirmations?•What is a milestone confirmation?•What is an unplanned milestone?•What identifies a progress confirmation?•What role does the control key defined in the operation play during confirmation?•Is it possible to link a confirmation with a goods movement posting?•What is a goods receipt?•What are the effects of a goods receipt posting?•What is the relevancy of the “delivery completed” indicator?•What is the function of overdelivery/underdelivery tolerance in the material master play? Order Settlement / Archiving and Deleting•What is meant by order settlement?•What causes a production order to be debited/credited?•What is the difference between prelimenary costing and actual costing?•Which are the usual steps during order settlement?•What means variance calculation?•How is an order settled if the header material is a standard price material?•At which points in time can an order be settled?•Which conditions must be fulfilled before an order can be archived?•How are orders archived/deleted?•What is meant by “residence times”?Order Information Systems•Which information systems can be used for order management?•What are the characteristics of the order information system?•What are variable object overviews?•What are the special characteristics of a (multi-level) order report?•What is the difference between the order information system and the Shop Floor Information System?•Which functions are available from the order progress report?Automation Options•What options are available for automating the processing of orders?•What role does the production scheduling profile play?•Describe the most lean production order and the necessary settings to achieve it?•Which functions could be executed in the mass processing?Collective Orders•What are the characteristics of collective orders?•How can collective orders be created? Which conditions must be fulfilled?•What are the advantages of working with collective orders?•Which functions can be performed on collective orders?•How is scheduling for a complete collective order done?•What happens if a date/quantity for an order is changed within the collective order?4.Product Cost PlanningGeneral Issues•What is a cost element (primary/secondary)?•What is a cost component?•What is a cost component split?•Explain the Costing Variant and the main settings in customizing.•What is a costing type?•What settings can be done in a valuation variant?•How is a costing sheet structured?Base unit costing•Describe base unit costing•Which master data are required for base unit costing?•How can results of BUC be used in further calculations?Cost estimation without quatity structure•What is meant by quantity structure?•Describe costing w/o quantity structure•Which master data are required for that costing logic?Cost estimation with quantity structure•Describe cost estimation with quatity structure•How can the quantity structure be determined?•What is activity based costing?•How could results from standard cost estimation be updated into the material master?•What happens if stock is on hand during that price update?5.Repetitive ManufacturingGeneral Issues•What are the differences between discrete manufacturing and repetitive manufacturing?•What are the characteristics of make-to-stock repetitive manufacturing and make-to-order repetitive manufacturing?Master Data for Make-To-Stock Repetitive Manufacturing•What master data are necessary in repetitive manufacturing (material master, bill of material, production line, routing)?•Describe the the following material master data:- Repetitive manufacturing indicator?- Repetitive manufacturing profile?- Production versions?•Which object is used to collect the material costs and production activities?•What are the various options available for establishing a link between the cost collector and the production version of a material? What role doe the repetitive manufacturing profile play here?Planning Make-To-Stock Repetitive Manufacturing•What is the planning table in repetitive manufacturing? What functions can be executed from here?Material Provision•Describe the usage of pull list and stock determination as one of its function.•Which other ways are available to make sure that sufficient components are provided to the shop floor?Backflush•What does backflush mean in a repetitive manufacturing context?•Explain the functions of final backflush.•How can production activities be entered in the system?•What is meant by post processing list?•What are the advantages and disadvantages of negative stock?•What does the reporting point backflush procedure entail?Evaluations•Which evaluations are available?•What is a reporting point overview?6.Logistics Information SystemData Warehouse•What is the concept behind the Data Warehouse?•Which individual information systems does the SAP Logistics Information System comprise?•What data are evaluated by the information systems?•What are info structures? What are the characteristics of info structures?•Is there any relationship between system transaction data and the data in the info structures?•Which reporting options are available in the SAP Information System?•What is the difference between evaluations in LIS and evaluations on system transaction data in the PP component?Standard Analyses•What are standard analyses?•Which navigation options are available in standard analyses?•Which options in standard analyses can be used to influence the way in which data is presented?•Which analysis functions are available in standard analyses (ABC analysis, comparisons, classification, etc.)?Early Warning System•What is an “early warning system”?•What are the various applications for the early warning system?•How can the early warning system be used in standard analyses?•What is an exception analysis?•Which options are available for defining that an analysis should be performed at regular intervals?•Which types of analysis are available in the early warning system (threshold value analysis, trend analysis, planned/actual comparison)?Flexible Analyses•What are flexible analyses? What is the difference between flexible analyses and standard analyses?•What are evaluation structures? What are evaluations?。
sap认证考试真题
一、多选题（每题3分，共30分）1.SAP ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) system supports the following businessprocesses EXCEPT:A. Production PlanningB. Sales and DistributionC. Financial AccountingD. Inventory ManagementE. Product Design2.Which of the following modules are part of the SAP SCM (Supply Chain Management)suite?A. SAP SD (Sales and Distribution)B. SAP PP (Production Planning)C. SAP QM (Quality Management)D. SAP WM (Warehouse Management)E. SAP HR (Human Resources)3.When creating a material master record in SAP MM (Materials Management), youmust enter the following data EXCEPT:A. Material NumberB. Material DescriptionC. Purchase PriceD. Production CostE. Supplier's Name4.SAP FICO (Financial and Controlling) modules cover the following areas:A. General LedgerB. Asset AccountingC. Cost Center AccountingD. Sales Order ProcessingE. Material Inventory Management5.The SAP BI (Business Intelligence) tools include:A. SAP BW (Business Warehouse)B. SAP BO (Business Objects)C. SAP HANAD. SAP HRE. SAP CRM6.SAP HANA is known for its:A. Real-time analyticsB. In-memory database technologyC. Cloud-based deploymentD. Batch processingE. Legacy system integration7.Which of the following are characteristics of SAP S/4HANA?A. It is a cloud-based ERP systemB. It supports both on-premise and cloud deploymentC. It is not compatible with older SAP ERP systemsD. It offers real-time insights into business operationsE. It focuses on digital transformation8.The SAP NetWeaver technology platform provides:A. Integration capabilitiesB. Workflow managementC. User interface customizationD. Application server functionalityE. Hardware procurement services9.SAP ABAP (Advanced Business Application Programming) is used for:A. Customizing SAP standard functionalityB. Developing new SAP applicationsC. Data modeling in SAP HANAD. Creating reports in SAP BI toolsE. Managing user access and authorizations10.When implementing SAP solutions, the following steps are typically followed EXCEPT:A. Requirements gatheringB. System configurationC. User trainingD. Hardware procurementE. Immediate system go-live二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1.SAP's flagship ERP product is known as ____________.2.In SAP, the module responsible for sales order processing is called SAP ____________.3.SAP ____________ is the module that handles inventory management and physicalinventory activities.4.The SAP tool for data warehousing and analytics is called SAP ____________.5.SAP HANA is an ____________ database that provides real-time data processing.6.____________ is the process of converting legacy systems to SAP solutions.7.SAP FICO stands for Financial and ____________ in SAP's ERP suite.8.The ABAP programming language is used exclusively for developing applicationswithin the ____________ platform.9.SAP's user interface customization tool is called SAP ____________.10.SAP's cloud-based ERP solution is known as SAP ____________.三、解答题（每题5分，共40分）1.Describe the role of the SAP MM (Materials Management) module in an ERP system.2.Explain the difference between SAP ERP and SAP S/4HANA.3.Outline the steps involved in the SAP implementation process.4.List and briefly explain the main functions of the SAP SD (Sales and Distribution)module.5.What is SAP HANA, and how does it differ from traditional database systems?6.Discuss the importance of SAP security measures in protecting sensitive businessdata.7.Describe the process of creating a material master record in SAP MM.8.Outline the key features of SAP BI (Business Intelligence) tools.四、分析题（每题10分，共30分）1.Analyze the impact of real-time data processing on business decision-making usingSAP HANA.2.Discuss the challenges and benefits of migrating from a legacy ERP system to SAPS/4HANA.3.Evaluate the role of custom development using ABAP in enhancing SAP functionalityand meeting specific business requirements.。
sap pp面试题
sap pp面试题在SAP (Systems, Applications and Products in Data Processing) 的生产计划（Production Planning，简称PP）模块中，面试官经常会问及一些与PP相关的问题，以评估应聘者的技能和经验。
本文将介绍一些常见的SAP PP面试题，以帮助应聘者为面试做好准备。
一、SAP PP简介SAP PP是SAP ERP系统中的一个模块，用于管理和监控生产过程中的不同环节。
它可以帮助企业规划、控制和监测其生产活动，以确保生产资源的高效利用，并提供可追溯性和可靠的生产数据。
二、常见面试题以下是一些常见的SAP PP面试题，供应聘者参考：1. 请简要介绍一下SAP PP模块。
SAP PP模块是SAP ERP系统中的一个关键模块，用于支持企业的生产计划和控制。
它涵盖了整个生产过程，从需求计划、物料需求计划（MRP）、生产订单、工艺路线和工作中心管理等方面，以确保生产计划的顺利执行。
2. 你在SAP PP中使用过哪些主要功能？在SAP PP中我使用过的主要功能包括：需求管理、物料需求计划、生产订单管理、工艺路线和工作中心管理、生产计划评估等。
3. 如何创建生产订单？在SAP PP中，可以通过交易码CO01来创建生产订单。
在创建生产订单时，需指定生产订单类型、生产工厂、物料号码、生产数量、优先级等信息，并关联相应的工艺路线和工作中心。
4. 如何进行物料需求计划（MRP）运行？在SAP PP中，可以通过交易码MD02来进行物料需求计划（MRP）运行。
通过MRP运行，系统将根据预定的参数和规则，自动生成对所需物料的需求计划，并为其生成相应的采购申请或生产订单。
5. 请解释一下工艺路线的概念。
工艺路线是SAP PP中的一个重要概念，它定义了产品的制造过程和相关操作的顺序。
工艺路线包括各个操作步骤、所需的工作中心、工序时间、物料组件以及质量检查标准等关键信息。
SAP+PP模块考试试题
SAP+PP模块考试试题SAP PP模块考试试题一、填空题(每空1分，共计20分)1、工艺路线是一系列工序，说明了产品生产或加工零件的工艺过程及所使用的资源。
在工艺路线中可以对每个工序指定工作中心。
工艺路线对作业计划、能力计划、生成车间文件及产品成本提供了重要的信息。
2、对于生产计划与控制、物料、物料单(BOMS)、工艺路线(RoutingS)和工作中心(work center)是不可缺少的对象。
3、物料主数据的三个屏幕画面分别称为: 屏幕画面、屏幕画面、、屏幕画面。
4、在SAP R/3系统中创建一张生产订单，需要对物料主数据维护那些视图:基本数据1、基本数据2、、。
5、在MRP2视图中，自制件“采购类型”字段维护为: 、外购件“采购类型”字段维护为: 、即可以自制又可以外购“采购类型”字段维护为: 。
6、在MRP3视图中，当我想设置该物料为净需求(即纯按单生产时)，“策略组”、“消耗模式”字段维护为: 、“消耗期间:逆向”字段维护字段维护为: 为: 、“向前消耗期间”字段维护为: 。
在MRP1视图中，当我们想设置该物料按照重订货点的方式补充需求时，“MRP7、类型”字段应维护为: 、“批量”字段应维护为: 。
8、创建BOM的三个基本条件是:料号、、。
9、对工厂指派BOM的事务代码是: 。
10、逐层显示BOM的事务代码是: 。
二、单项选择题(每项2分，共计20分)1 在产品成本计算中，每个工厂必须有一个单独的( )。
A、评估范围 B、工厂 C、集团 D、存储位置2 ( )用于制造的基本组织单元。
A、成本中心B、工作中心C、工厂D、存储位置3 ( )物料类型即不需要价值更新，也不需要数量更新。
A、FERT C、ROH D、HALB D、NLAG 4 “5900062”物料要求即可以自制也可以外购，在MRP2视图->“采购类型”字段维护为( )。
A、空B、XC、ED、F 5 我们在实际采购和料耗过程中，往往涉及到单位转换问题，在SAP R/3系统中，单位转换关系维护在物料主档的( )屏幕湖面。
sap考试题
sap考试题一、概述SAP（Systeme, Anwendungen und Produkte in der Datenverarbeitung）是一种集成的企业资源计划（ERP）软件系统，由德国SAP公司开发并广泛应用于全球各行业。
SAP考试是衡量个人对SAP系统及其相关知识的了解和掌握程度的一种评估方式。
本文将介绍关于SAP考试的相关内容和题型。
二、题型概述SAP考试通常包括多个题型，涵盖了各个模块的知识点，例如财务会计（FI）、销售与分销（SD）、物料管理（MM）等。
以下为常见的SAP考试题型：1. 单项选择题：参与者需要从给定的选项中选择一个正确答案。
示例：Q1. 在SAP系统中，FI模块用于管理哪些业务流程？A）采购B）销售C）资金管理D）人力资源2. 多项选择题：参与者需要从给定的选项中选择一个或多个正确答案。
示例：Q2. SAP SD模块包含以下哪些业务功能？A）销售订单管理B）出厂物流C）收款管理D）供应商管理3. 填空题：参与者需要在给定的空白处填入正确的答案。
示例：Q3. 在SAP系统中，T-code CO11用于____。
填空：生产订单确认4. 简答题：参与者需要简短地回答一个问题，提供正确的解释或简要说明。
示例：Q4. 请解释SAP的全称。
回答：Systeme, Anwendungen und Produkte in der Datenverarbeitung （数据处理中的系统、应用和产品）5. 情景题：参与者需要根据给定的情景描述，回答相关问题。
示例：Q5. 你在SAP系统中接到一个客户投诉的电话，他声称他未收到他的订单。
你应该如何处理此问题？回答：首先，核实订单是否按计划交付；然后，检查订单的物流状态以确定问题的原因；最后，与客户商讨解决方案。
三、备考建议1. 学习SAP系统：熟悉SAP系统的不同模块以及其对应的功能和业务流程是备考的基础。
通过学习系统界面、交互方式和常用T-codes （事务代码），加深对系统操作的理解和掌握。
sap试题文档
SAP初试笔试题(考试时间：2小时)一、简述题：【基础部分每小题5分共25分】1、在部署ERP系统之前，必须先建立一系列基础数据称为主数据，请列出分别有哪些数据用于描述产品信息、能力信息、库存信息、财务成本信息以及供需信息。
2、项目管理中什么是SMART规则，它代表的缩写是什么？3、简述一下统驭科目的涵义，列出你所知道SAP系统中常见的统驭科目类型。
4、什么是ABC分类法？如果将其应用在库存管理中，应坚持怎样的管理原则？在定货方式、定额水平、检查方式、统计方法方面应采取什么具体的方法？5、使用ABAP设计程序界面时，你使用过哪些关键字用于定义的输入格式是什么？分别举例（如复选框：PARAMETERS <p> ...... AS CHECKBOX ...）说明其各适用于什么情况？【业务部分任选4题每小题10分共40分】6、在SD模块，完整性规则(Completion Rule)的作用是什么，如何定义完整性规则？7、什么是订单BOM(Order BOM)，它的用途和物料BOM有何不同？8、使用哪两种方法来处理在WM层的取消出货？9、当执行事务代码MSC1N时，输入物料、工厂、批次后，系统显示“工厂***的批次中未处理物料**”，这是什么原因，应该通过什么菜单或使用什么事务代码来处理这个问题？10、通过哪两种方法可以将一种产品同时放到两条工艺路线上生产？列出操作步骤及对应相关的事务代码。
11、在什么情况下需要使用虚拟物料？如何通过IMG将虚拟物料与成本中心建立联系？二、解答题：1、根据你所参加了解的项目，介绍熟悉哪些SAP的业务模块，请图示详细描述相关业务模块的主要流程，并对应列出其使用的事务代码，以及与流程相关的后台表。
【15分】2、模块化ABAP程序，有宏、子程序、功能函数等方式，请举例描述各种方式的定义及调用如何实现？【10分】三、翻译题：请将以下文字进行英汉互译：如果一个材料被分开来独立评估，则此材料会在不同的子库位中被分别管理，评估会针对每一个子库位。
【财务培训讲义】sappp顾问认证考试试题及讲义
Review Questions for PP1.Master DataOrganizational Structures•What are the various organizational structures in the R/3 System?•Which R/3 organizational structures are used primarily for PP?•What is the relation between controlling area, company code, valuation area, plant and storage locationMaterial Master•What is the purpose of different material master views?•Which views are available?•Which views are used primarily for PP?•What is the relationship between material master views and individual organizational structures?•How does the industry sector influence the material master maintenance?•How does the material type influence the material master maintenance?•What is the difference between external and internal number assignment and how is it set up in Customizing?•Which other factors can influence the selection of fields in the material master?•How can MRP profile and forecast profile be used to optimize material master maintenance?•How can a material master be reorganized (deleted/archived)?•Which units of measure can affect processing in the material master (base unit of measure, production unit, order unit, etc.)?•What is the material status used for and on which levels could it be maintained?•Review the usage of the following settings?- MRP group- MRP type- Reorder point- Planning time fence- MRP controller- Lot size- Procurement type- Special procurement type - Production storage location - Backflush flag- Stock determination group - Bulk material- Scheduling margin key- Safety stock- Strategy group- Consumption mode and consumption period - Availability checking group- Alternative selection flag- Dependent requirement flag for individual and collectiverequirements- Production scheduler- Production scheduling profile- Underdelivery/overdeliverytolerance- In-house production time (lot size dependent/independent)- Valuation class- Price control indicator- Moving average price/standard priceBills of Material•What is determined by BOM usage?•What technical types of BOM are available?•Can the technical type of a BOM be changed?•During which processes will BOM usage and status be considered? •When would it be useful to make use of a Group BOM?•What is meant by area of validity and effectivity of a BOM?•Which item categories are available and what are their specifications? •What is a sub-item?•Under which circumstances could a BOM be recursive and what the usage of the recursive indicator?•What is the usage of the following BOM settings?- Explosion type- Relevant to production - Relevant to costing - Material provision indicator - Bulk material- Production storage locationWork Centers•What is a work center category?•What data can be maintained on the various views (basic, default, capacity, scheduling, costing, etc.)?•What is the purpose of a standard value key?•What role does the operation control key play?What does referencing mean?•Why to use a work center hierarchy?What is a pooled capacity?•Analyze the usage of the following fields?- Backflush indicator- Capacity category- Formulas for determining capacity requirements- Rate of capacity utilization- Relevant to finite schedulingindicator- Overload - Formulas for scheduling- Location group (move time matrix) - Queue times (normal andminimum)- Cost center- Activity types- Formulas for costingRoutings•What does a routing define?•How is a routing structured?•What task list types are available in the R/3 System?•What is a routing group and group counter?•What is a routing sequence, and what types of sequence are available?•What could be reasons to use sequences?•What are the various options to assign materials to routings?•Under which conditions would it make sense to assign components to operations?•What is a reference operation set?•How could the lotsize-dependend inhouse production time be calculated and updated into the material master?Production Resources/Tools•What types of PRT are available?•What is the relationship between PRTs and a routing/operation?Engineering Change Management•What are the objectives of Engineering Change Management?•What is the significance of changes with a history?•Which PP objects can be managed using Engineering Change Management?•What is the purpose of an engineering change request/order?•How is a change master record structured?•What is a revision level compared to engineering change master?Other Issues•Which scheduling options are available, and how do they differ from each other?•Which time components are taken into account during scheduling?•How are basic order dates determined?•How are the scheduled dates determined?•Which scheduling types are available in lead time scheduling?•What role do reduction measures play in scheduling?•What types of scrap can be maintained in PP basic data and how would they be considered during MRP repectively scheduling?•What is external processing, and what conditions must be fulfilled before external processing can take place?•What are co-products?2.Production PlanningGeneral Issues•What are the various planning levels available in R/3 PP?•What are the dependencies between Sales and Operations Planning, Demand Management, Long-Term-Planning and Material Requirements Planning?Sales and Operations Planning•What is the purpose of Sales and Operations Planning?•What is the structure of product groups and how could they be used in SOP/DM/LTP/MRP?•What is the purpose of proportion factors and aggregation factors within product groups?•Which planning methods are available in SOP?•Which sources are available as input data for SOP?•Which options are available for creating a sales plan in SOP?•Which options are available for creating an operations plan in SOP?•What is ‘disaggregation’?•How could the result of SOP be passed on to different planning tools within the PP planning environment?Demand Management•What is the purpose of Demand Management?•At which points is Demand Management integrated with Sales and Distribution?•Explain the main strategies in Make-to-Stock as well as in Make-to-Order planning logic. Pay attention to master data settings.•What does consumption respectively reduction mean in the context of planning strategies?•What role does the individual/collective requirements indicator in the material master have during make-to-order production?•What is a stocking level, and how can it be influenced?•Which types of availability check are available (ATP and check against planning) and what are the characteristics of these checks?•Explain the link between MRP group, strategy group, strategy and requirement class.•What settings could be made in requirements classes (on PP as well as on SD side)?•Explain the purpose of version management in Demand Management?Master Production Scheduling•Under which circumstances would you recommend the usage of MPS?•Compare the functionality of MPS with MRP?•What is meant by the ‘firming’ of procurement proposals, and how can this effect be achieved? •What is a planning time fence, and where is it defined?•What is a manual firming date, and where is it defined?•How can a planned order be ‘firmed’, and which firming indicators are available in a planned order?Material Requirements Planning•What is the purpose of MRP and how does it fit into the PP planning environment?•How would you organize MRP runs? Discuss the different options- MRP for a plant – online- MRP for a plant – in background- MRP for a material (individual planning) - online•Which planning types are available (NEUPL, NETCH, NETPL)?•Which planning parameters are to be set in the application itself?•What is the function of the planning file?•What is meant by single-level planning, multi-level planning?•What is meant by interactive MRP?•What are the characteristics of an MRP scenario that is performed in simulation mode? •What is meant by low-level code and how is it considered in MRP?•What is a net requirements calculation?•Which buffers can be taken into account for the net requirements calculation in MRP (quantity buffer: safety stock, time buffer: safety time)?•What does lot-size calculation entail?•Which lot-sizing procedures are available in the R/3 System (static, periodic and optimizing procedures)? What are the characteristics of these lot-sizing procedures?•How does the procurement type defined in the material master affect MRP?•What is backward scheduling? What are the characteristics of backward scheduling?•What is the difference between basic scheduling and lead time scheduling?•How are the order due dates determined in basic scheduling?•How are the order due dates determined in lead time scheduling?•How does the in-house production time defined in the material master affect scheduling? •How does the scheduling margin key affect scheduling?•How are BOMs selected in MRP? Which criteria are taken into account during BOM selection? •What is a ‘BOM selection ID’?•How are alternative BOMs selected?•What is a production version?•How are routings selected in MRP? Which criteria are taken into account during routing selection?•What is an MRP list? What is a stock/requirements list? How are these lists structured? What are the differences between these lists?•What is the function of exception messages?•What are planned orders?•What is meant by the individual/collective conversion of planned orders?•What is meant by “days’ supply” and “receipt days’ supply”?•How can component discontinuation be managed in MRP?3.Production Order ProcessingGeneral Issues•What are the characteristics of work-to-order production?•What is defined in a production order?•What is a document type, an order category and an order type?•What are the various elements that a production order contains?•Which functions are executed when an order is created?•What are the various options available for creating an order?•Describe the system logic during routing selection?•Describe the system logic during BOM selection?•At which point in time are reservations generated and what information does it contain?•Wh at can be achieved by performing the “Read master data” function?•How could routing sequences be considered during production order creation?•Describe the conversion of planned orders into production orders with focus on scheduling aspects?Order Release•What happens when an order is released?•Which operations are made possible and which are prevented when an order is released?•What is meant by status management?•What are business transactions?•What are the differences between system status and user status?•At which points in time can availability checks be performed? Which settings can be made, and which must be made? On which objects can the availability check be run?•What is meant by machine commitment?•What is meant by midpoint scheduling?Printing•Which shop floor papers can be printed?•Which print modes are available (online, update, background)?•What does “reprinting” mean?•Which conditions must be fulfilled before order documents can be printed?•Which conditions must an operation fulfill before shop floor papers (and in particular confirmation slips and time tickets) can be printed?Goods Issue•Which control indicators influence the behavior of the components in the production order (bulk material, backflush, phantom assembly, etc.)?•What is meant by picking?•What is meant by stock determination? Which settings have to be made for stock determination during production order processing?•What is a goods issue posting?•How can goods issues be entered (reference to order, reference to reservation, unplanned, etc.)?•What is the purpose of movement types?•What are the effects of a goods issue posting from an integrational point of view (MM, FI, CO)?•What is meant by the backflushing of components and how can this be achieved?。
(sap实施)sap_pp__顾问认证考试试题及资料_
Review Questions for PP1.Master DataOrganizational Structures•What are the various organizational structures in the R/3 System?•Which R/3 organizational structures are used primarily for PP?•What is the relation between controlling area, company code, valuation area, plant and storage locationMaterial Master•What is the purpose of different material master views?•Which views are available?•Which views are used primarily for PP?•What is the relationship between material master views and individual organizational structures?•How does the industry sector influence the material master maintenance?•How does the material type influence the material master maintenance?•What is the difference between external and internal number assignment and how is it set up in Customizing?•Which other factors can influence the selection of fields in the material master?•How can MRP profile and forecast profile be used to optimize material master maintenance?•How can a material master be reorganized (deleted/archived)?•Which units of measure can affect processing in the material master (base unit of measure, production unit, order unit, etc.)?•What is the material status used for and on which levels could it be maintained?•Review the usage of the following settings?- MRP group- MRP type- Reorder point- Planning time fence- MRP controller- Lot size- Procurement type- Special procurement type - Production storage location - Backflush flag- Stock determination group - Bulk material- Scheduling margin key- Safety stock- Strategy group- Consumption mode and consumption period - Availability checking group- Alternative selection flag- Dependent requirement flag for individual and collectiverequirements- Production scheduler- Production scheduling profile- Underdelivery/overdeliverytolerance- In-house production time (lot size dependent/independent)- Valuation class- Price control indicator- Moving average price/standard priceBills of Material•What is determined by BOM usage?•What technical types of BOM are available?•Can the technical type of a BOM be changed?•During which processes will BOM usage and status be considered? •When would it be useful to make use of a Group BOM?•What is meant by area of validity and effectivity of a BOM?•Which item categories are available and what are their specifications? •What is a sub-item?•Under which circumstances could a BOM be recursive and what the usage of the recursive indicator?•What is the usage of the following BOM settings?- Explosion type- Relevant to production - Relevant to costing - Material provision indicator - Bulk material- Production storage locationWork Centers•What is a work center category?•What data can be maintained on the various views (basic, default, capacity, scheduling, costing, etc.)?•What is the purpose of a standard value key?•What role does the operation control key play?What does referencing mean?•Why to use a work center hierarchy?What is a pooled capacity?•Analyze the usage of the following fields?- Backflush indicator- Capacity category- Formulas for determining capacity requirements- Rate of capacity utilization- Relevant to finite schedulingindicator- Overload - Formulas for scheduling- Location group (move time matrix) - Queue times (normal andminimum)- Cost center- Activity types- Formulas for costingRoutings•What does a routing define?•How is a routing structured?•What task list types are available in the R/3 System?•What is a routing group and group counter?•What is a routing sequence, and what types of sequence are available?•What could be reasons to use sequences?•What are the various options to assign materials to routings?•Under which conditions would it make sense to assign components to operations?•What is a reference operation set?•How could the lotsize-dependend inhouse production time be calculated and updated into the material master?Production Resources/Tools•What types of PRT are available?•What is the relationship between PRTs and a routing/operation?Engineering Change Management•What are the objectives of Engineering Change Management?•What is the significance of changes with a history?•Which PP objects can be managed using Engineering Change Management?•What is the purpose of an engineering change request/order?•How is a change master record structured?•What is a revision level compared to engineering change master?Other Issues•Which scheduling options are available, and how do they differ from each other?•Which time components are taken into account during scheduling?•How are basic order dates determined?•How are the scheduled dates determined?•Which scheduling types are available in lead time scheduling?•What role do reduction measures play in scheduling?•What types of scrap can be maintained in PP basic data and how would they be considered during MRP repectively scheduling?•What is external processing, and what conditions must be fulfilled before external processing can take place?•What are co-products?2.Production PlanningGeneral Issues•What are the various planning levels available in R/3 PP?•What are the dependencies between Sales and Operations Planning, Demand Management, Long-Term-Planning and Material Requirements Planning?Sales and Operations Planning•What is the purpose of Sales and Operations Planning?•What is the structure of product groups and how could they be used in SOP/DM/LTP/MRP?•What is the purpose of proportion factors and aggregation factors within product groups?•Which planning methods are available in SOP?•Which sources are available as input data for SOP?•Which options are available for creating a sales plan in SOP?•Which options are available for creating an operations plan in SOP?•What is ‘disaggregation’?•How could the result of SOP be passed on to different planning tools within the PP planning environment?Demand Management•What is the purpose of Demand Management?•At which points is Demand Management integrated with Sales and Distribution?•Explain the main strategies in Make-to-Stock as well as in Make-to-Order planning logic. Pay attention to master data settings.•What does consumption respectively reduction mean in the context of planning strategies?•What role does the individual/collective requirements indicator in the material master have during make-to-order production?•What is a stocking level, and how can it be influenced?•Which types of availability check are available (ATP and check against planning) and what are the characteristics of these checks?•Explain the link between MRP group, strategy group, strategy and requirement class.•What settings could be made in requirements classes (on PP as well as on SD side)?•Explain the purpose of version management in Demand Management?Master Production Scheduling•Under which circumstances would you recommend the usage of MPS?•Compare the functionality of MPS with MRP?•What is meant by the ‘firming’ of procurement proposals, and how can this effect be achieved? •What is a planning time fence, and where is it defined?•What is a manual firming date, and where is it defined?•How can a planned order be ‘firmed’, and which firming indicators are available in a planned order?Material Requirements Planning•What is the purpose of MRP and how does it fit into the PP planning environment?•How would you organize MRP runs? Discuss the different options- MRP for a plant – online- MRP for a plant – in background- MRP for a material (individual planning) - online•Which planning types are available (NEUPL, NETCH, NETPL)?•Which planning parameters are to be set in the application itself?•What is the function of the planning file?•What is meant by single-level planning, multi-level planning?•What is meant by interactive MRP?•What are the characteristics of an MRP scenario that is performed in simulation mode? •What is meant by low-level code and how is it considered in MRP?•What is a net requirements calculation?•Which buffers can be taken into account for the net requirements calculation in MRP (quantity buffer: safety stock, time buffer: safety time)?•What does lot-size calculation entail?•Which lot-sizing procedures are available in the R/3 System (static, periodic and optimizing procedures)? What are the characteristics of these lot-sizing procedures?•How does the procurement type defined in the material master affect MRP?•What is backward scheduling? What are the characteristics of backward scheduling?•What is the difference between basic scheduling and lead time scheduling?•How are the order due dates determined in basic scheduling?•How are the order due dates determined in lead time scheduling?•How does the in-house production time defined in the material master affect scheduling? •How does the scheduling margin key affect scheduling?•How are BOMs selected in MRP? Which criteria are taken into account during BOM selection? •What is a ‘BOM selection ID’?•How are alternative BOMs selected?•What is a production version?•How are routings selected in MRP? Which criteria are taken into account during routing selection?•What is an MRP list? What is a stock/requirements list? How are these lists structured? What are the differences between these lists?•What is the function of exception messages?•What are planned orders?•What is meant by the individual/collective conversion of planned orders?•What is meant by “days’ supply” and “receipt days’ supply”?•How can component discontinuation be managed in MRP?3.Production Order ProcessingGeneral Issues•What are the characteristics of work-to-order production?•What is defined in a production order?•What is a document type, an order category and an order type?•What are the various elements that a production order contains?•Which functions are executed when an order is created?•What are the various options available for creating an order?•Describe the system logic during routing selection?•Describe the system logic during BOM selection?•At which point in time are reservations generated and what information does it contain?•Wh at can be achieved by performing the “Read master data” function?•How could routing sequences be considered during production order creation?•Describe the conversion of planned orders into production orders with focus on scheduling aspects?Order Release•What happens when an order is released?•Which operations are made possible and which are prevented when an order is released?•What is meant by status management?•What are business transactions?•What are the differences between system status and user status?•At which points in time can availability checks be performed? Which settings can be made, and which must be made? On which objects can the availability check be run?•What is meant by machine commitment?•What is meant by midpoint scheduling?Printing•Which shop floor papers can be printed?•Which print modes are available (online, update, background)?•What does “reprinting” mean?•Which conditions must be fulfilled before order documents can be printed?•Which conditions must an operation fulfill before shop floor papers (and in particular confirmation slips and time tickets) can be printed?Goods Issue•Which control indicators influence the behavior of the components in the production order (bulk material, backflush, phantom assembly, etc.)?•What is meant by picking?•What is meant by stock determination? Which settings have to be made for stock determination during production order processing?•What is a goods issue posting?•How can goods issues be entered (reference to order, reference to reservation, unplanned, etc.)?•What is the purpose of movement types?•What are the effects of a goods issue posting from an integrational point of view (MM, FI, CO)?•What is meant by the backflushing of components and how can this be achieved?Confirmation•Which conditions must be fulfilled before confirmations can be entered?•What is a confirmation?•Which functions are linked to confirmations?•Which confirmation procedures are available?•What data can be entered during confirmations?•What is a milestone confirmation?•What is an unplanned milestone?•What identifies a progress confirmation?•What role does the control key defined in the operation play during confirmation?•Is it possible to link a confirmation with a goods movement posting?•What is a goods receipt?•What are the effects of a goods receipt posting?•What is the relevancy of the “delivery completed” indicator?•What is the function of overdelivery/underdelivery tolerance in the material master play? Order Settlement / Archiving and Deleting•What is meant by order settlement?•What causes a production order to be debited/credited?•What is the difference between prelimenary costing and actual costing?•Which are the usual steps during order settlement?•What means variance calculation?•How is an order settled if the header material is a standard price material?•At which points in time can an order be settled?•Which conditions must be fulfilled before an order can be archived?•How are orders archived/deleted?•What is meant by “residence times”?Order Information Systems•Which information systems can be used for order management?•What are the characteristics of the order information system?•What are variable object overviews?•What are the special characteristics of a (multi-level) order report?•What is the difference between the order information system and the Shop Floor Information System?•Which functions are available from the order progress report?Automation Options•What options are available for automating the processing of orders?•What role does the production scheduling profile play?•Describe the most lean production order and the necessary settings to achieve it?•Which functions could be executed in the mass processing?Collective Orders•What are the characteristics of collective orders?•How can collective orders be created? Which conditions must be fulfilled?•What are the advantages of working with collective orders?•Which functions can be performed on collective orders?•How is scheduling for a complete collective order done?•What happens if a date/quantity for an order is changed within the collective order?4.Product Cost PlanningGeneral Issues•What is a cost element (primary/secondary)?•What is a cost component?•What is a cost component split?•Explain the Costing Variant and the main settings in customizing.•What is a costing type?•What settings can be done in a valuation variant?•How is a costing sheet structured?Base unit costing•Describe base unit costing•Which master data are required for base unit costing?•How can results of BUC be used in further calculations?Cost estimation without quatity structure•What is meant by quantity structure?•Describe costing w/o quantity structure•Which master data are required for that costing logic?Cost estimation with quantity structure•Describe cost estimation with quatity structure•How can the quantity structure be determined?•What is activity based costing?•How could results from standard cost estimation be updated into the material master?•What happens if stock is on hand during that price update?5.Repetitive ManufacturingGeneral Issues•What are the differences between discrete manufacturing and repetitive manufacturing?•What are the characteristics of make-to-stock repetitive manufacturing and make-to-order repetitive manufacturing?Master Data for Make-To-Stock Repetitive Manufacturing•What master data are necessary in repetitive manufacturing (material master, bill of material, production line, routing)?•Describe the the following material master data:- Repetitive manufacturing indicator?- Repetitive manufacturing profile?- Production versions?•Which object is used to collect the material costs and production activities?•What are the various options available for establishing a link between the cost collector and the production version of a material? What role doe the repetitive manufacturing profile play here?Planning Make-To-Stock Repetitive Manufacturing•What is the planning table in repetitive manufacturing? What functions can be executed from here?Material Provision•Describe the usage of pull list and stock determination as one of its function.•Which other ways are available to make sure that sufficient components are provided to the shop floor?Backflush•What does backflush mean in a repetitive manufacturing context?•Explain the functions of final backflush.•How can production activities be entered in the system?•What is meant by post processing list?•What are the advantages and disadvantages of negative stock?•What does the reporting point backflush procedure entail?Evaluations•Which evaluations are available?•What is a reporting point overview?6.Logistics Information SystemData Warehouse•What is the concept behind the Data Warehouse?•Which individual information systems does the SAP Logistics Information System comprise?•What data are evaluated by the information systems?•What are info structures? What are the characteristics of info structures?•Is there any relationship between system transaction data and the data in the info structures?•Which reporting options are available in the SAP Information System?•What is the difference between evaluations in LIS and evaluations on system transaction data in the PP component?Standard Analyses•What are standard analyses?•Which navigation options are available in standard analyses?•Which options in standard analyses can be used to influence the way in which data is presented?•Which analysis functions are available in standard analyses (ABC analysis, comparisons, classification, etc.)?Early Warning System•What is an “early warning system”?•What are the various applications for the early warning system?•How can the early warning system be used in standard analyses?•What is an exception analysis?•Which options are available for defining that an analysis should be performed at regular intervals?•Which types of analysis are available in the early warning system (threshold value analysis, trend analysis, planned/actual comparison)?Flexible Analyses•What are flexible analyses? What is the difference between flexible analyses and standard analyses?•What are evaluation structures? What are evaluations?。
sap考试试题
sap考试试题SAP考试试题SAP是一种全球领先的企业资源规划（ERP）软件，许多企业都使用它来管理其业务流程。
为了确保员工具备使用SAP软件的技能和知识，许多公司会要求员工参加SAP考试。
这些考试旨在评估员工对SAP软件的了解程度，以便提供相应的培训和支持。
SAP考试试题通常涵盖多个方面，包括SAP的基本概念、模块和功能、数据管理、报告和分析等。
在这篇文章中，我们将探讨一些常见的SAP考试试题，并提供一些解答的思路。
一、SAP的基本概念1. 什么是SAP软件？它的主要功能是什么？答：SAP是一种企业资源规划软件，它能够集成企业各个部门的业务流程，包括财务、物流、人力资源等。
它的主要功能是帮助企业实现有效的资源管理和流程优化，提高企业的运营效率和竞争力。
2. 请简要解释SAP的模块化结构。
答：SAP的模块化结构是指其将各个业务功能划分为不同的模块，例如财务会计（FI）、物料管理（MM）、销售和分销（SD）等。
每个模块都专注于特定的业务领域，使得企业能够根据自身需求选择和集成适当的模块。
二、SAP模块和功能1. 请列举一些SAP的常见模块，并简要描述它们的功能。
答：常见的SAP模块包括财务会计（FI）、物料管理（MM）、销售和分销（SD）、人力资源管理（HR）等。
财务会计模块用于管理企业的财务数据和报表，物料管理模块用于管理企业的物料采购和库存，销售和分销模块用于管理企业的销售流程和客户关系，人力资源管理模块用于管理企业的员工信息和薪酬。
2. 请解释SAP的数据管理功能。
答：SAP的数据管理功能允许用户对企业的数据进行收集、存储、处理和分析。
用户可以通过SAP软件记录和跟踪企业的各种业务数据，例如销售订单、采购订单、库存数据等。
这些数据可以被用于生成报表和分析，帮助企业做出决策和优化业务流程。
三、SAP报告和分析1. 请解释SAP的报告功能。
答：SAP的报告功能允许用户根据需要生成各种类型的报告，例如财务报表、销售报表、库存报表等。
pp顾问考题
Review Questions for PP1.Master DataOrganizational Structures∙What are the various organizational structures in the R/3 System?∙Which R/3 organizational structures are used primarily for PP?∙What is the relation between controlling area, company code, valuation area, plant and storage locationMaterial Master∙What is the purpose of different material master views?∙Which views are available?∙Which views are used primarily for PP?∙What is the relationship between material master views and individual organizational structures?∙How does the industry sector influence the material master maintenance?∙How does the material type influence the material master maintenance?∙What is the difference between external and internal number assignment and how is it set up in Customizing?∙Which other factors can influence the selection of fields in the material master?∙How can MRP profile and forecast profile be used to optimize material master maintenance?∙How can a material master be reorganized (deleted/archived)?∙Which units of measure can affect processing in the material master (base unit of measure, production unit, order unit, etc.)?∙What is the material status used for and on which levels could it be maintained?∙Review the usage of the following settings?- MRP group- MRP type- Reorder point- Planning time fence- MRP controller- Lot size- Procurement type- Special procurement type - Production storage location - Backflush flag- Stock determination group - Bulk material- Scheduling margin key- Safety stock- Strategy group- Consumption mode and consumption period - Availability checking group- Alternative selection flag- Dependent requirement flag for individual and collectiverequirements- Production scheduler- Production scheduling profile- Underdelivery/overdeliverytolerance- In-house production time (lot size dependent/independent)- Valuation class- Price control indicator- Moving average price/standard priceBills of Material∙What is determined by BOM usage?∙What technical types of BOM are available?∙Can the technical type of a BOM be changed?∙During which processes will BOM usage and status be considered? ∙When would it be useful to make use of a Group BOM?∙What is meant by area of validity and effectivity of a BOM?∙Which item categories are available and what are their specifications? ∙What is a sub-item?∙Under which circumstances could a BOM be recursive and what the usage of the recursive indicator?∙What is the usage of the following BOM settings?- Explosion type- Relevant to production - Relevant to costing - Material provision indicator - Bulk material- Production storage locationWork Centers∙What is a work center category?∙What data can be maintained on the various views (basic, default, capacity, scheduling, costing, etc.)?∙What is the purpose of a standard value key?∙What role does the operation control key play?What does referencing mean?∙Why to use a work center hierarchy?What is a pooled capacity?∙Analyze the usage of the following fields?- Backflush indicator- Capacity category- Formulas for determining capacity requirements- Rate of capacity utilization- Relevant to finite schedulingindicator- Overload - Formulas for scheduling- Location group (move time matrix) - Queue times (normal andminimum)- Cost center- Activity types- Formulas for costingRoutings∙What does a routing define?∙How is a routing structured?∙What task list types are available in the R/3 System?∙What is a routing group and group counter?∙What is a routing sequence, and what types of sequence are available?∙What could be reasons to use sequences?∙What are the various options to assign materials to routings?∙Under which conditions would it make sense to assign components to operations?∙What is a reference operation set?∙How could the lotsize-dependend inhouse production time be calculated and updated into the material master?Production Resources/Tools∙What types of PRT are available?∙What is the relationship between PRTs and a routing/operation?Engineering Change Management∙What are the objectives of Engineering Change Management?∙What is the significance of changes with a history?∙Which PP objects can be managed using Engineering Change Management?∙What is the purpose of an engineering change request/order?∙How is a change master record structured?∙What is a revision level compared to engineering change master?Other Issues∙Which scheduling options are available, and how do they differ from each other?∙Which time components are taken into account during scheduling?∙How are basic order dates determined?∙How are the scheduled dates determined?∙Which scheduling types are available in lead time scheduling?∙What role do reduction measures play in scheduling?∙What types of scrap can be maintained in PP basic data and how would they be considered during MRP repectively scheduling?∙What is external processing, and what conditions must be fulfilled before external processing can take place?∙What are co-products?2.Production PlanningGeneral Issues∙What are the various planning levels available in R/3 PP?∙What are the dependencies between Sales and Operations Planning, Demand Management, Long-Term-Planning and Material Requirements Planning?Sales and Operations Planning∙What is the purpose of Sales and Operations Planning?∙What is the structure of product groups and how could they be used in SOP/DM/LTP/MRP?∙What is the purpose of proportion factors and aggregation factors within product groups?∙Which planning methods are available in SOP?∙Which sources are available as input data for SOP?∙Which options are available for creating a sales plan in SOP?∙Which options are available for creating an operations plan in SOP?∙What is …disaggregation‟?∙How could the result of SOP be passed on to different planning tools within the PP planning environment?Demand Management∙What is the purpose of Demand Management?∙At which points is Demand Management integrated with Sales and Distribution?∙Explain the main strategies in Make-to-Stock as well as in Make-to-Order planning logic. Pay attention to master data settings.∙What does consumption respectively reduction mean in the context of planning strategies?∙What role does the individual/collective requirements indicator in the material master have during make-to-order production?∙What is a stocking level, and how can it be influenced?∙Which types of availability check are available (ATP and check against planning) and what are the characteristics of these checks?∙Explain the link between MRP group, strategy group, strategy and requirement class.∙What settings could be made in requirements classes (on PP as well as on SD side)?∙Explain the purpose of version management in Demand Management?Master Production Scheduling∙Under which circumstances would you recommend the usage of MPS?∙Compare the functionality of MPS with MRP?∙What is meant by the …firming‟ of procurement proposals, and how can this effect be achieved? ∙What is a planning time fence, and where is it defined?∙What is a manual firming date, and where is it defined?∙How can a planned order be …firmed‟, and which firming indicators are available in a planned order?Material Requirements Planning∙What is the purpose of MRP and how does it fit into the PP planning environment?∙How would you organize MRP runs? Discuss the different options- MRP for a plant – online- MRP for a plant – in background- MRP for a material (individual planning) - online∙Which planning types are available (NEUPL, NETCH, NETPL)?∙Which planning parameters are to be set in the application itself?∙What is the function of the planning file?∙What is meant by single-level planning, multi-level planning?∙What is meant by interactive MRP?∙What are the characteristics of an MRP scenario that is performed in simulation mode?∙What is meant by low-level code and how is it considered in MRP?∙What is a net requirements calculation?∙Which buffers can be taken into account for the net requirements calculation in MRP (quantity buffer: safety stock, time buffer: safety time)?∙What does lot-size calculation entail?∙Which lot-sizing procedures are available in the R/3 System (static, periodic and optimizing procedures)? What are the characteristics of these lot-sizing procedures?∙How does the procurement type defined in the material master affect MRP?∙What is backward scheduling? What are the characteristics of backward scheduling?∙What is the difference between basic scheduling and lead time scheduling?∙How are the order due dates determined in basic scheduling?∙How are the order due dates determined in lead time scheduling?∙How does the in-house production time defined in the material master affect scheduling?∙How does the scheduling margin key affect scheduling?∙How are BOMs selected in MRP? Which criteria are taken into account during BOM selection? ∙What is a …BOM selection ID‟?∙How are alternative BOMs selected?∙What is a production version?∙How are routings selected in MRP? Which criteria are taken into account during routing selection?∙What is an MRP list? What is a stock/requirements list? How are these lists structured? What are the differences between these lists?∙What is the function of exception messages?∙What are planned orders?∙What is meant by the individual/collective conversion of planned orders?∙What is meant by “days‟ supply” and “receipt days‟ supply”?∙How can component discontinuation be managed in MRP?3.Production Order ProcessingGeneral Issues∙What are the characteristics of work-to-order production?∙What is defined in a production order?∙What is a document type, an order category and an order type?∙What are the various elements that a production order contains?∙Which functions are executed when an order is created?∙What are the various options available for creating an order?∙Describe the system logic during routing selection?∙Describe the system logic during BOM selection?∙At which point in time are reservations generated and what information does it contain?∙Wh at can be achieved by performing the “Read master data” function?∙How could routing sequences be considered during production order creation?∙Describe the conversion of planned orders into production orders with focus on scheduling aspects?Order Release∙What happens when an order is released?∙Which operations are made possible and which are prevented when an order is released?∙What is meant by status management?∙What are business transactions?∙What are the differences between system status and user status?∙At which points in time can availability checks be performed? Which settings can be made, and which must be made? On which objects can the availability check be run?∙What is meant by machine commitment?∙What is meant by midpoint scheduling?Printing∙Which shop floor papers can be printed?∙Which print modes are available (online, update, background)?∙What does “reprinting” mean?∙Which conditions must be fulfilled before order documents can be printed?∙Which conditions must an operation fulfill before shop floor papers (and in particular confirmation slips and time tickets) can be printed?Goods Issue∙Which control indicators influence the behavior of the components in the production order (bulk material, backflush, phantom assembly, etc.)?∙What is meant by picking?∙What is meant by stock determination? Which settings have to be made for stock determination during production order processing?∙What is a goods issue posting?∙How can goods issues be entered (reference to order, reference to reservation, unplanned, etc.)?∙What is the purpose of movement types?∙What are the effects of a goods issue posting from an integrational point of view (MM, FI, CO)?∙What is meant by the backflushing of components and how can this be achieved?Confirmation∙Which conditions must be fulfilled before confirmations can be entered?∙What is a confirmation?∙Which functions are linked to confirmations?∙Which confirmation procedures are available?∙What data can be entered during confirmations?∙What is a milestone confirmation?∙What is an unplanned milestone?∙What identifies a progress confirmation?∙What role does the control key defined in the operation play during confirmation?∙Is it possible to link a confirmation with a goods movement posting?∙What is a goods receipt?∙What are the effects of a goods receipt posting?∙What is the relevancy of the “delivery completed” indicator?∙What is the function of overdelivery/underdelivery tolerance in the material master play? Order Settlement / Archiving and Deleting∙What is meant by order settlement?∙What causes a production order to be debited/credited?∙What is the difference between prelimenary costing and actual costing?∙Which are the usual steps during order settlement?∙What means variance calculation?∙How is an order settled if the header material is a standard price material?∙At which points in time can an order be settled?∙Which conditions must be fulfilled before an order can be archived?∙How are orders archived/deleted?∙What is meant by “residence times”?Order Information Systems∙Which information systems can be used for order management?∙What are the characteristics of the order information system?∙What are variable object overviews?∙What are the special characteristics of a (multi-level) order report?∙What is the difference between the order information system and the Shop Floor Information System?∙Which functions are available from the order progress report?Automation Options∙What options are available for automating the processing of orders?∙What role does the production scheduling profile play?∙Describe the most lean production order and the necessary settings to achieve it?∙Which functions could be executed in the mass processing?Collective Orders∙What are the characteristics of collective orders?∙How can collective orders be created? Which conditions must be fulfilled?∙What are the advantages of working with collective orders?∙Which functions can be performed on collective orders?∙How is scheduling for a complete collective order done?∙What happens if a date/quantity for an order is changed within the collective order?4.Product Cost PlanningGeneral Issues∙What is a cost element (primary/secondary)?∙What is a cost component?∙What is a cost component split?∙Explain the Costing Variant and the main settings in customizing.∙What is a costing type?∙What settings can be done in a valuation variant?∙How is a costing sheet structured?Base unit costing∙Describe base unit costing∙Which master data are required for base unit costing?∙How can results of BUC be used in further calculations?Cost estimation without quatity structure∙What is meant by quantity structure?∙Describe costing w/o quantity structure∙Which master data are required for that costing logic?Cost estimation with quantity structure∙Describe cost estimation with quatity structure∙How can the quantity structure be determined?∙What is activity based costing?∙How could results from standard cost estimation be updated into the material master?∙What happens if stock is on hand during that price update?5.Repetitive ManufacturingGeneral Issues∙What are the differences between discrete manufacturing and repetitive manufacturing?∙What are the characteristics of make-to-stock repetitive manufacturing and make-to-order repetitive manufacturing?Master Data for Make-To-Stock Repetitive Manufacturing∙What master data are necessary in repetitive manufacturing (material master, bill of material, production line, routing)?∙Describe the the following material master data:- Repetitive manufacturing indicator?- Repetitive manufacturing profile?- Production versions?∙Which object is used to collect the material costs and production activities?∙What are the various options available for establishing a link between the cost collector and the production version of a material? What role doe the repetitive manufacturing profile play here?Planning Make-To-Stock Repetitive Manufacturing∙What is the planning table in repetitive manufacturing? What functions can be executed from here?Material Provision∙Describe the usage of pull list and stock determination as one of its function.∙Which other ways are available to make sure that sufficient components are provided to the shop floor?Backflush∙What does backflush mean in a repetitive manufacturing context?∙Explain the functions of final backflush.∙How can production activities be entered in the system?∙What is meant by post processing list?∙What are the advantages and disadvantages of negative stock?∙What does the reporting point backflush procedure entail?Evaluations∙Which evaluations are available?∙What is a reporting point overview?6.Logistics Information SystemData Warehouse∙What is the concept behind the Data Warehouse?∙Which individual information systems does the SAP Logistics Information System comprise?∙What data are evaluated by the information systems?∙What are info structures? What are the characteristics of info structures?∙Is there any relationship between system transaction data and the data in the info structures?∙Which reporting options are available in the SAP Information System?∙What is the difference between evaluations in LIS and evaluations on system transaction data in the PP component?Standard Analyses∙What are standard analyses?∙Which navigation options are available in standard analyses?∙Which options in standard analyses can be used to influence the way in which data is presented?∙Which analysis functions are available in standard analyses (ABC analysis, comparisons, classification, etc.)?Early Warning System∙What is an “early warning system”?∙What are the various applications for the early warning system?∙How can the early warning system be used in standard analyses?∙What is an exception analysis?∙Which options are available for defining that an analysis should be performed at regular intervals?∙Which types of analysis are available in the early warning system (threshold value analysis, trend analysis, planned/actual comparison)?Flexible Analyses∙What are flexible analyses? What is the difference between flexible analyses and standard analyses?∙What are evaluation structures? What are evaluations?。
SAP PP 试题
SAP PP 试题SAP PP 培训考题姓名：得分：一、判断题（1分/题，总计10分）项次 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 问题 MPS只能跑出计划工单刚创建的生产订单状态为REL 工作中心是用于制造的基本组织单元一个成本中心可以对应多个工作中心生产订单系统状态PDLV表示生产订单已经部分报工物料主档中的批量字段FX表示固定批量大小觉得一个物料是否计入计划成本，可以在物料清单中设置系统状态CRTD会释放生产订单对应的未清预留生产订单重读主数据的前提是没有发料或者报工回答□对□错□对□错□对□错□对□错□对□错□对□错□对□错□对□错评论一个成本收集器可以对应多个生产版本□对□错□对□错二、不定项选择（3分/题共30分）项次 1 问题 BOM中的项目L代表什么回答□库存项目□文本项目□非库存项目□类项目□财务凭证□会计凭证□物料凭证□库存数量变化□通过MRP自动生产□手工维护□计划订单转换□复制别的订单产生□610分钟□660分钟□630分钟□110分钟评论 2 货物移动肯定会产生？ 3 生产订单的产生方式不可以是 4 把6台机床设为一个工作中心，A每台机床的可用能力为10小时，机床的装备时间为10分钟，加工一个B产品需要5分钟，现有一生产订单需生产B 产品120个，用其中3台设备生产B的能力需求为？SAP PP 培训考题 5 以下哪个是属于期间批量法则□EX □WB □FX □VB □物料BOM □文档BOM □采购订单BOM □功能位置BOM 6 按照BOM体系，将BOM划分为 7 在维护工艺路线时，我们会用到“组件分配”功能，其作用是? □没有实质作用□发料准确□对产品的交期会有影响□决定组件何时出仓□“向前”是依生产订单的开始日期计算完成日期□“向前”是依生产订单的完成日期计算开始日期□“向后”是依生产订单的开始日期计算完成日期□“向后”是依生产订单的完成日期计算开始日期□计划订单的子件需求在 SAP中叫做“相关需求” □计划订单的子件需求在SAP中叫做“预留” □生产订单的子件需求在SAP中叫做“相关需求” □生产订单的子件需求在SAP中叫做“预留” □会把独立需求数据纳入计算□会把销售订单需求纳入计算□如果独立需求数量为100，销售订单的数量也是100，MRP计算后，产生的计划订单是200 □如果独立需求数量为100，销售订单的数量也是100，MRP计算后，产生的计划订单是100 8 关于生产订单的调度类型，描述正确的是 9 描述正确的是？ 10 关于计划策略10，在MRP计算时，描述正确的是 2 SAP PP 培训考题三、填空题（1分/空共10分）1、控制一个物料是否反冲可以在（）和（）进行设置2、订单创建后，需要（）才能做后续的发料，报工，收货等动作3、设置一个组件的默认发料库存可以在（）和（）和（）进行设置4、刚创建的未下达的生产订单，做完技术关闭后，是从（）状态变为（）状态5、控制一个物料是否是虚拟键，需要在主数据中设置（）为（）四、问答题（共50分）1、PP方面的主数据主要有哪些（4分）2、简述生产订单的基本流程（6分）3SAP PP 培训考题3画出完整的MRP流程图（10分）4、SAP系统中生产相关的损耗率都有哪些？分别说明其作用，并针对以下情况计算原材料的需求用量：假设一个原材料，它自己本身的部件损耗率为2%，而其上阶的组装装配率为3%，假设其上阶成品的独立需求为100，其上阶的供给为0，生产1件成品需要1件原材料，没有其他批量约束条件，运行MRP后，原材料的需求数量为？（10分）4SAP PP 培训考题5、请用图表示出生产的组织层次关系，请说明生产组织层次的作用（10分）6画图阐述基于重订货点计划的原理，并计算：如果一个物料的MRP类型为VB，重订货点位100，安全库存为8，当前供给为10，存在相关需求200，批量设为HB，最大库存1000，运行MRP后系统产生的订货建议是多少？（10分）5SAP PP 培训考题附加题（10分）1、请分别阐述策略40以及策略506感谢您的阅读，祝您生活愉快。
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Review Questions for PP1.Master DataOrganizational Structures•What are the various organizational structures in the R/3 System?•Which R/3 organizational structures are used primarily for PP?•What is the relation between controlling area, company code, valuation area, plant and storage locationMaterial Master•What is the purpose of different material master views?•Which views are available?•Which views are used primarily for PP?•What is the relationship between material master views and individual organizational structures?•How does the industry sector influence the material master maintenance?•How does the material type influence the material master maintenance?•What is the difference between external and internal number assignment and how is it set up in Customizing?•Which other factors can influence the selection of fields in the material master?•How can MRP profile and forecast profile be used to optimize material master maintenance?•How can a material master be reorganized (deleted/archived)?•Which units of measure can affect processing in the material master (base unit of measure, production unit, order unit, etc.)?•What is the material status used for and on which levels could it be maintained?•Review the usage of the following settings?- MRP group- MRP type- Reorder point- Planning time fence - MRP controller- Lot size- Procurement type- Special procurement type- Production storage location- Backflush flag- Stock determination group - Bulk material- Scheduling margin key - Safety stock- Strategy group- Consumption mode and consumption period- Availability checkinggroup- Alternative selection flag - Dependent requirement flag for individual andcollective requirements - Production scheduler- Production scheduling profile- Underdelivery/overdelive ry tolerance- In-house production time (lot sizedependent/independent) - Valuation class- Price control indicator - Moving averageprice/standard priceBills of Material•What is determined by BOM usage?•What technical types of BOM are available?•Can the technical type of a BOM be changed?•During which processes will BOM usage and status be considered? •When would it be useful to make use of a Group BOM?•What is meant by area of validity and effectivity of a BOM?•Which item categories are available and what are their specifications?•What is a sub-item?•Under which circumstances could a BOM be recursive and what the usage of the recursive indicator?•What is the usage of the following BOM settings?- Explosion type- Relevant to production - Relevant to costing- Material provisionindicator - Bulk material- Production storage locationWork Centers•What is a work center category?•What data can be maintained on the various views (basic, default, capacity, scheduling, costing, etc.)?•What is the purpose of a standard value key?•What role does the operation control key play?•What does referencing mean?•Why to use a work center hierarchy?•What is a pooled capacity?•Analyze the usage of the following fields?- Backflush indicator - Capacity category - Formulas fordetermining capacityrequirements - Rate of capacityutilization- Relevant to finitescheduling indicator - Overload- Formulas for scheduling - Location group (move time matrix)- Queue times (normal and minimum) - Cost center- Activity types- Formulas for costingRoutings•What does a routing define?•How is a routing structured?•What task list types are available in the R/3 System?•What is a routing group and group counter?•What is a routing sequence, and what types of sequence are available?•What could be reasons to use sequences?•What are the various options to assign materials to routings? •Under which conditions would it make sense to assign components to operations?•What is a reference operation set?•How could the lotsize-dependend inhouse production time be calculated and updated into the material master?Production Resources/Tools•What types of PRT are available?•What is the relationship between PRTs and a routing/operation? Engineering Change Management•What are the objectives of Engineering Change Management? •What is the significance of changes with a history?•Which PP objects can be managed using Engineering Change Management?•What is the purpose of an engineering change request/order? •How is a change master record structured?•What is a revision level compared to engineering change master? Other Issues•Which scheduling options are available, and how do they differ from each other?•Which time components are taken into account during scheduling? •How are basic order dates determined?•How are the scheduled dates determined?•Which scheduling types are available in lead time scheduling? •What role do reduction measures play in scheduling?•What types of scrap can be maintained in PP basic data and how would they be considered during MRP repectively scheduling?•What is external processing, and what conditions must be fulfilled before external processing can take place?•What are co-products?2.Production PlanningGeneral Issues•What are the various planning levels available in R/3 PP?•What are the dependencies between Sales and Operations Planning, Demand Management, Long-Term-Planning and Material Requirements Planning?Sales and Operations Planning•What is the purpose of Sales and Operations Planning?•What is the structure of product groups and how could they be used in SOP/DM/LTP/MRP?•What is the purpose of proportion factors and aggregation factors within product groups?•Which planning methods are available in SOP?•Which sources are available as input data for SOP?•Which options are available for creating a sales plan in SOP?•Which options are available for creating an operations plan in SOP?•What is ‘disaggregation’?•How could the result of SOP be passed on to different planning tools within the PP planning environment?Demand Management•What is the purpose of Demand Management?•At which points is Demand Management integrated with Sales and Distribution?•Explain the main strategies in Make-to-Stock as well as in Make-to-Order planning logic. Pay attention to master data settings.•What does consumption respectively reduction mean in the context of planning strategies?•What role does the individual/collective requirements indicator in the material master have during make-to-order production?•What is a stocking level, and how can it be influenced?•Which types of availability check are available (ATP and check against planning) and what are the characteristics of these checks?•Explain the link between MRP group, strategy group, strategy and requirement class.•What settings could be made in requirements classes (on PP as well as on SD side)?•Explain the purpose of version management in Demand Management?Master Production Scheduling•Under which circumstances would you recommend the usage of MPS?•Compare the functionality of MPS with MRP?•What is meant by the ‘firming’ of procurement proposals, and how can this effect be achieved?•What is a planning time fence, and where is it defined?•What is a manual firming date, and where is it defined?•How can a planned order be ‘firmed’, and which firming indicators are available in a planned order?Material Requirements Planning•What is the purpose of MRP and how does it fit into the PP planning environment?•How would you organize MRP runs? Discuss the different options - MRP for a plant – online- MRP for a plant – in background- MRP for a material (individual planning) - online•Which planning types are available (NEUPL, NETCH, NETPL)? •Which planning parameters are to be set in the application itself? •What is the function of the planning file?•What is meant by single-level planning, multi-level planning? •What is meant by interactive MRP?•What are the characteristics of an MRP scenario that is performed in simulation mode?•What is meant by low-level code and how is it considered in MRP? •What is a net requirements calculation?•Which buffers can be taken into account for the net requirements calculation in MRP (quantity buffer: safety stock, time buffer: safety time)?•What does lot-size calculation entail?•Which lot-sizing procedures are available in the R/3 System (static, periodic and optimizing procedures)? What are the characteristics of these lot-sizing procedures?•How does the procurement type defined in the material master affect MRP?•What is backward scheduling? What are the characteristics of backward scheduling?•What is the difference between basic scheduling and lead time scheduling?•How are the order due dates determined in basic scheduling?•How are the order due dates determined in lead time scheduling?•How does the in-house production time defined in the material master affect scheduling?•How does the scheduling margin key affect scheduling?•How are BOMs selected in MRP? Which criteria are taken into account during BOM selection?•What is a ‘BOM selection ID’?•How are alternative BOMs selected?•What is a production version?•How are routings selected in MRP? Which criteria are taken into account during routing selection?•What is an MRP list? What is a stock/requirements list? How are these lists structured? What are the differences between these lists?•What is the function of exception messages?•What are planned orders?•What is meant by the individual/collective conversion of planned orders?•What is meant by “days’ supply” and “receipt days’ supply”?•How can component discontinuation be managed in MRP?3.Production Order ProcessingGeneral Issues•What are the characteristics of work-to-order production?•What is defined in a production order?•What is a document type, an order category and an order type?•What are the various elements that a production order contains?•Which functions are executed when an order is created?•What are the various options available for creating an order?•Describe the system logic during routing selection?•Describe the system logic during BOM selection?•At which point in time are reservations generated and what information does it contain?•What can be achieved by performing the “Read master data”function?•How could routing sequences be considered during production order creation?•Describe the conversion of planned orders into production orders with focus on scheduling aspects?Order Release•What happens when an order is released?•Which operations are made possible and which are prevented when an order is released?•What is meant by status management?•What are business transactions?•What are the differences between system status and user status? •At which points in time can availability checks be performed?Which settings can be made, and which must be made? On which objects can the availability check be run?•What is meant by machine commitment?•What is meant by midpoint scheduling?Printing•Which shop floor papers can be printed?•Which print modes are available (online, update, background)? •What does “reprinting” mean?•Which conditions must be fulfilled before order documents can be printed?•Which conditions must an operation fulfill before shop floor papers (and in particular confirmation slips and time tickets) can be printed? Goods Issue•Which control indicators influence the behavior of the components in the production order (bulk material, backflush, phantomassembly, etc.)?•What is meant by picking?•What is meant by stock determination? Which settings have to be made for stock determination during production order processing? •What is a goods issue posting?•How can goods issues be entered (reference to order, reference to reservation, unplanned, etc.)?•What is the purpose of movement types?•What are the effects of a goods issue posting from an integrational point of view (MM, FI, CO)?•What is meant by the backflushing of components and how can this be achieved?Confirmation•Which conditions must be fulfilled before confirmations can be entered?•What is a confirmation?•Which functions are linked to confirmations?•Which confirmation procedures are available?•What data can be entered during confirmations?•What is a milestone confirmation?•What is an unplanned milestone?•What identifies a progress confirmation?•What role does the control key defined in the operation play during confirmation?•Is it possible to link a confirmation with a goods movement posting?•What is a goods receipt?•What are the effects of a goods receipt posting?•What i s the relevancy of the “delivery completed” indicator?•What is the function of overdelivery/underdelivery tolerance in the material master play?Order Settlement / Archiving and Deleting•What is meant by order settlement?•What causes a production order to be debited/credited?•What is the difference between prelimenary costing and actual costing?•Which are the usual steps during order settlement?•What means variance calculation?•How is an order settled if the header material is a standard price material?•At which points in time can an order be settled?•Which conditions must be fulfilled before an order can be archived? •How are orders archived/deleted?•What is meant by “residence times”?Order Information Systems•Which information systems can be used for order management? •What are the characteristics of the order information system? •What are variable object overviews?•What are the special characteristics of a (multi-level) order report? •What is the difference between the order information system and the Shop Floor Information System?•Which functions are available from the order progress report? Automation Options•What options are available for automating the processing of orders? •What role does the production scheduling profile play?•Describe the most lean production order and the necessary settings to achieve it?•Which functions could be executed in the mass processing? Collective Orders•What are the characteristics of collective orders?•How can collective orders be created? Which conditions must be fulfilled?•What are the advantages of working with collective orders?•Which functions can be performed on collective orders?•How is scheduling for a complete collective order done?•What happens if a date/quantity for an order is changed within the collective order?4.Product Cost PlanningGeneral Issues•What is a cost element (primary/secondary)?•What is a cost component?•What is a cost component split?•Explain the Costing Variant and the main settings in customizing.•What is a costing type?•What settings can be done in a valuation variant?•How is a costing sheet structured?Base unit costing•Describe base unit costing•Which master data are required for base unit costing?•How can results of BUC be used in further calculations?Cost estimation without quatity structure•What is meant by quantity structure?•Describe costing w/o quantity structure•Which master data are required for that costing logic?Cost estimation with quantity structure•Describe cost estimation with quatity structure•How can the quantity structure be determined?•What is activity based costing?•How could results from standard cost estimation be updated into the material master?•What happens if stock is on hand during that price update?5.Repetitive ManufacturingGeneral Issues•What are the differences between discrete manufacturing and repetitive manufacturing?•What are the characteristics of make-to-stock repetitive manufacturing and make-to-order repetitive manufacturing?Master Data for Make-To-Stock RepetitiveManufacturing•What master data are necessary in repetitive manufacturing (material master, bill of material, production line, routing)?•Describe the the following material master data:- Repetitive manufacturing indicator?- Repetitive manufacturing profile?- Production versions?•Which object is used to collect the material costs and production activities?•What are the various options available for establishing a link between the cost collector and the production version of a material?What role doe the repetitive manufacturing profile play here?Planning Make-To-Stock Repetitive Manufacturing•What is the planning table in repetitive manufacturing? What functions can be executed from here?Material Provision•Describe the usage of pull list and stock determination as one of its function.•Which other ways are available to make sure that sufficient components are provided to the shop floor?Backflush•What does backflush mean in a repetitive manufacturing context?•Explain the functions of final backflush.•How can production activities be entered in the system?•What is meant by post processing list?•What are the advantages and disadvantages of negative stock?•What does the reporting point backflush procedure entail?Evaluations•Which evaluations are available?•What is a reporting point overview?6.Logistics Information SystemData Warehouse•What is the concept behind the Data Warehouse?•Which individual information systems does the SAP Logistics Information System comprise?•What data are evaluated by the information systems?•What are info structures? What are the characteristics of info structures?•Is there any relationship between system transaction data and the data in the info structures?•Which reporting options are available in the SAP Information System?•What is the difference between evaluations in LIS and evaluations on system transaction data in the PP component?Standard Analyses•What are standard analyses?•Which navigation options are available in standard analyses?•Which options in standard analyses can be used to influence the way in which data is presented?•Which analysis functions are available in standard analyses (ABC analysis, comparisons, classification, etc.)?Early Warning System•What is an “early warning system”?•What are the various applications for the early warning system?•How can the early warning system be used in standard analyses?•What is an exception analysis?•Which options are available for defining that an analysis should be performed at regular intervals?•Which types of analysis are available in the early warning system (threshold value analysis, trend analysis, planned/actualcomparison)?Flexible Analyses•What are flexible analyses? What is the difference between flexible analyses and standard analyses?•What are evaluation structures? What are evaluations?•免责声明：文档在线网（文档中国）中所有的文档资料均由文档在线网会员提供。