最新2019中考英语专题讲练 现在完成时(含解析)

现在完成时

现在完成时

知识精讲

一、现在完成时

表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果或表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在。

二、句子结构

主语+ has/have + done (过去分词)

三、基本用法

四、时间状语

1. yet (常用于否定或疑问句中), already (常用于肯定句中)

2. since+过去时间点/过去时的从句（译为：自从…以来）

3. for+时间段

4. just, so far, recently, never, ever, twice…

5. in the past / last few days

五、动词过去分词的规则变化

六、动词过去分词的不规则变化：

七、相关句式

八、瞬间动词和延续性动词之间的转换：

在完成时中，一个瞬间动词不能直接与表示一段时间的状语(for, since等)连用。此时须将该瞬间动词改为延续性动词或状态动词：

例：The film began five minutes ago.

---The film has been on for five minutes.

---It has been five minutes since the film began.

用“be＋形容词”代终止性动词

1. “ be＋married”代替marry

2. “be＋ill”代替fall (get) ill

3. “be＋dead”代替die

4. “be＋asleep”代替fall (get) asleep

5. “be＋awake”代替wake/wake up

6. “be＋gone”代替lose, die, sell, leave

7. “be＋open”代替open

8. “be closed”代替close/shut

用“be＋副词”代终止性动词

1. “be＋on”代替start, begin

2. “be＋up”代替get up

3. “be＋back(to)”代替return to, come back to, go back to

4. “be here (there)”代替come(arrive, reach, get) here或go (arrive, reach, get) there等等

用“be＋介词短语”代终止性动词

1.”be in/at +地点”代替go to /come to

2.”用be in the army”代替join the army

3.”be in/at +地点”代替move to

三点剖析

一、考点：现在完成时的基本用法和时间状语；以及动词过去分词的变化规则。

二、易错点：has gone (to); has been (to); has been (in) 三者的区别。

1. has gone to：表示某人已去了某地，（现未回来）（不可与for+一段时间连用）。

例：---Where is Tom? 汤姆在哪里？

---He has gone to Shanghai. 他已经去了上海。

2. has been to：表示去过某地，（现已回来）（不可与for+一段时间连用）。

例：I have been to New York three times so far.

到目前为止，我已经去过纽约三次了。

3. has been in：表示一直呆在某地，常与时间段搭配。

例：I have been in the army for more than 5 years.

我在部队已经呆了五年多了。

题模精选

题模一：基本用法

例1.1.1I _________ already _________ in this school for three years. A．was; studying B．are; studying

C．will; study D．have; studied

例1.1.2I _________ English since 2010.

A．have learnt B．have learn

C．learnt D．learn

例1.1.3I _________ my pencil yet.

A．have find B．haven’t found

C．found D．find

例1.1.4Mr. Brown isn’t at home. He _________ to his office. A．has been B．has gone

C．has go D．went

题模二：动词过去分词变化规则

例1.2.1用动词的适当形式填空。

1. She _________ (live) in Hubei for two years.

例1.2.2You needn’t tell him. I _________ (tell) him already.

例1.2.3We _________ just _________ (have) our lunch.

例1.2.4Peter _________ (live) in his hometown since he left here.

例1.2.5They _________ (not read) the interesting books yet.

题模三：句型转换

例1.3.1I have been there for two years.

否定句：___________________________________

疑问句：___________________________________

肯定回答：___________________________________

否定回答：___________________________________

例1.3.2My father has lived here since 2000.

否定句：___________________________________

疑问句：___________________________________

肯定回答：___________________________________