购买安捷伦信号分析仪和频谱分析仪的用户可同时购买MATLAB软件
频谱分析仪 安捷伦E4403B
显示范围
对数刻度：距参考电平起0~-85dB经校准的；0.1，0.2，0.5dB/格和~2dB/格，按1dB步进，显示10格
线性刻度：10格
刻度单位：dBm,dBmV,dBμV，V，W
绝对频率响应(相对于50MHz，10dB衰减，20~30℃)
9kHz~3.0GHz：±0.5dB
3.0GHz~6.7GHz：±1.5dB
使用方便
机内帮助按钮可以提供若干关键功能命令和远地编程命令，从而无需携带用户手册。此外，测试由于采用内置极限线和合格/不合格信息而得到进一步简化。内置磁盘驱动器可以对测量结果进行贮存，并能迅速方便地传送到您的PC机上。
成本低
以适中的价格提供所有的上述特点，全球3年的标准保修期。
用于HP ESA-L系列的PC软件
E4411B：400kHz~1MHz：≤-117dBm 1MHz~500MHz：≤-119dBm 500MHz~1.0GHz：≤-117dBm 1.0GHz~1.5GHz：≤-113dBm
E4403B：10MHz~1GHz：≤-117dBm 1 GHz~2.0GHz：≤-116dBm 2.0GHz~3.0GHz：≤-114dBm
功耗：＜200 W
重量(不带选件时)
E4411B：12.6 kg，典型值
E4403B：14.4 kg，典型值
E4408B：16.2 kg，典型值
尺寸：高：222mm宽：不带把手时为373mm，带把手时为408 mm长：不带把手时为409mm，带把手时为516 mm
Agilent 8590 E-Series 蔚蓝无线分析仪用户手册说明书
1981Agilent 8590 E-SeriesPortable SpectrumAnalyzersSpectrum Analysis by Agilent,Tailored Solutions to Meet Your Needs2Optional capability:•Separate closely spaced signals and increase sensitivity with narrow resolution bandwidths.•Measure digital transmitter power, timing, frequency, and modulation with digitaldemodulators for any of the major cellular and cordless formats.• Analyze “bursted” signals with time-gated spectrum analysis.• Assure EMI precompliance with quasi-peak detector.• Test components for scalar parameters with built-in tracking generators.•With group delay and amplitude flatness capability, you can do link analysis on…- Microwave radios - Satellites - CablesPLUS...there are over 20 other performance options you can choose from!Note the modulation quality of a GSM900 signalTransmission and reflection results for scalar testOptional hardware configurations…add performance and capability.Agilent Technologies has designed a series of Spectrum Analyzers that can be configured to your specific measurement needs.With the internal cardcage, circuit-card options can be inserted into any of four internal card slots toincrease your measurement capabilities.And should your needs change,your analyzer can adapt since most options are retrofittable.Flexible spectrum analysis PLUS...3Downloadable measure-ment personalities…add powerful measurement routines.For each application, Agilent offers a unique software program (provided on ROM-based memory cards), designed specifically for the 8590 E-series. Downloaded into analyzer memory, each meas-urement personality provides measurement setups, routines,and results specific to your appli-cation, as well as a user interface with terminology directly related to that application!Choose from a wide selection of measurement personalities:•RF Wireless Communications •Cable TV•EMI Precompliance •Microwave Links •Noise Figure •Lightwave •Broadcast TV •Digital Radio •Scalar Analysis•Customized personalities we create specifically for you!Benefits include:• Ease of use with one-button measurements• Complex tests are performed simply and quickly • Improved accuracy and repeatability over manual measurements•Results are operator independent• Save coding time with remotely programmable subroutines• Decreased training timePLUS…when you add them all together, you save time and money!EMI measurement compared to regulatory limitsApplication software EQUALS ... tailored solutions for you!Internal option cardcageCustomize your analyzer now or in thefuture with our plug-in, circuit-card options.Measurement Power Tailored for Your Success…4Softkey menus Array Operate your analyzer more easilywith related softkey functions.Zoom window (onscreen)Focus in on critical data quicklyand easily.Sturdy designTough and resilient: wherever youhave to go, your analyzer will, too.Internal option cardcageCustomize your analyzer now orin the future with our plug-in,circuit-card options.Built-in measurementsand advanced functionsAllow you to perform complexmeasurements with one-buttonease.I/O and parallel printer portExecute remote programs overGPIB or RS-232 and print testresults using the parallel printerinterface.Wide frequency rangesChoose from 9 kHz to 1.8 GHz,2.9 GHz, 6.5 GHz, 12.8 GHz,22 GHz, or 26.5 GHz.Card readerStore data on 128 Kbyte memorycards... and download measure-ment personalities.5Features and options summary6Performance summarySpecification summarySpecification18591E 8594E 8595E 8596E 8593EFrequency accuracy2, 3, 4±210 Hz±210 Hz±210 Hz±1.2 kHz±1.2 kHz Resolution bandwidth30 Hz to 3 MHz 30 Hz to 3 MHz30 Hz to 3 MHz 30 Hz to 3 MHz30 Hz to 3 MHz range4(10 Hz Nominal)(10 Hz Nominal)(10 Hz Nominal)Average noise level(30 Hz-RBW)4–130 dBm–127 dBm–127 dBm–127 dBm–129 dBm Optimum dynamic range(2nd/3rd Order)477 dB/90 dB78 dB/88 dB77 dB/86 dB102 dB/80 dB103 dB/81 dB Relative frequencyresponse±1.0 dB±1.0 dB±1.5 dB±2.0 dB±2.0 dBCalibrated displayrange70 dB70 dB70 dB70 dB70 dBAmplitude range4–130 dBm–127 dBm–127 dBm–127 dBm–129 dBmto +30 dBm to +30 dBm to +30 dBm to +30 dBm to +30 dBmPhase noise(30 kHz Offset, 1 GHz)–105 dBc/Hz–105 dBc/Hz–105 dBc/Hz–105 dBc/Hz–105 dBc/Hz7• Adjacent channel power (ACP)• Occupied bandwidth power • Third-order intercept• Percent AM• Signal bandwidth• Channel powerZoom in on signals with zoom window split screen displayJust one button calculates T.O.I. distortion products!• Fast-Fourier-Transform (FFT)allows quick analysis of the AMcomponents on the signal ofinterest.• Time-gated spectrum analysisobtains spectral details ofburst-modulated signals.sorted by frequency or amplitude.• And moreMeasure –1 to –80 dB bandwidths on signals.Now you can immediately identify amplitudeand frequency of top 10 peaks ... automatically!Built-in one-button measurement routines …save time, setup and training!Built-in functions…reduce analysis and troubleshooting time!89Automation and remote control…provide faster measurements through programmability!Reliability, service, and worldwide support network…provide solutions that lower your cost of ownership!Here’s what programming can do for you:• Automate routine measurement tasks• Increase testing throughput • Reduce complex measurements and calculate results• Improve measurement quality, accuracy, and repeatabilityTwo types of programs can beused to control the 8590 E-series spectrum analyzers:1. Remote programs can bedeveloped for controlling your spectrum analyzer from your computer when connected to either the GPIB or RS-232 interface of the analyzer; or,2. Downloadable programs (DLPs)can be developed to locallycontrol your spectrum analyzer.These programs, downloaded into your analyzer’s internal memory, provide customized measurement routinesassignedto analyzer softkeys.You can program your analyzer to perform repetitive tasks — and that saves measurement time andmoney! Use over 200 fully documented programming commands to develop programs that specificallymeet your needs, or, call upon expert application engineers — available worldwide — to write programs for you.All 8590 E-series spectrum analyzers…• Are manufactured in an ISO 9001 registered facility to exacting standards…and come with optional calibration certificates traceable to national standards; and• Comply with U.S. military MIL-T-28800 class 5 environmental standards ... and that meansreliable, accurate performance in portable applications; and • Contain built-in self-tests and calibration routines to ensure measurement integrity; and • Are delivered with the most thorough user, calibration and service documentation in the industry and with complete calibration and serviceavailable at 27 Agilent locations worldwide.Agilent’s technical professionals…• Are a phone call away to provide technical application assistance;• Are available to provide local user training; and,•Are available to provide factory service training to support your internal calibration and service needs.10Research and developmentShorten your development time by equipping your engineering team with the analysis tools they need to optimize their designs.• Speed-up design trouble-shooting with built-in,one-button measurementroutines. For example,Third-Order-Intercept,Adjacent Channel Poweror one of Agilent’s measure-ment personalities.• Use the 8590-series analyzerswith EEsof’s MDS Modelingand Simulation Software toverify breadboard performance,as compared to circuitsimulations.•Minimize costs associated with buying additional instruments and adding bench space by leveraging the 8590 E-series scalar and noise figure capabilities.ManufacturingEnhance your production line throughput with analyzersdesigned for measurement speed in automated test systems and for ease-of-use in individually operated test stations.• Reduce test costs and increase throughput, accuracy, andrepeatability with built-in routines.Perform “go/no-go” testing with features like limit lines andeasily interpreted PASS/FAILmessages.•Automate your testing toimprove throughput andaccuracy by programming youranalyzer to perform repetitivemeasurement tasks.•Execute programs from theanalyzer’s memory or your PC.• Save money on futureequipment purchases whenproduction line requirementschange by retrofitting newcapabilities into your8590 E-series.Field service, installation and signal surveillanceTake the power and flexibility of the 8590 E-series with you wherever you need on-site analysis.• Carry less equipment with you into the field by equipping your analyzer with optional, multi-performance capabilities, such as group delay or on-screen TV picture.• Store test results in the field on compact, rugged, solid state memory cards with automatic time/date stamps.• Record screen data with VCR for long term signal monitoring;limit lines provide signal activity alerts.• Field accessories include an external battery pack CRT sun shield, protective front cover,operating/carrying case, nylon backpack, and transit case.Application specific literatureLiterature Number 8590 C/E/L and EM Series Configuration Guide 5963-6858E 8590L and 8592L Product Overview 5962-7275E 8590 E-series Technical Specifications5963-6909EManufacturing, field and moreGeneral purpose spectrum analysisThis easy-to-use tool provides a broad range of testing capability across a wide variety of applica-tions. You can display relationships between power, frequency, and time with over 200 built-in measurement functions!Note:For lowest cost, general purpose RF/MW spectrum analysis, see the 8590 L-series. Contact your Agilent representative for more information.Customize your transmitter testingFor the design, manufacturing, installation, or service of digital RF wireless communications equipment, the 8590 E-series spectrum ana-lyzer with measurement personality is the tool you need.Quick, easy, one-buttontransmitter measurements•Customized transmitter testsbased on industry standardsfor GSM, DCS1800, NADC-TDMA, CDMA, PDC, DECT,CT2-CAI, and PHS•Fast, easy, one-button trans-mitter measurement person-Additional features make yourmeasurement easier•Automatic tuning by channelnumber• Pass/Fail messages• Continuous measurement modefor real-time equipmentadjustments and troubleshooting• Results displayed in numericIQ diagram of a NADC-TDMA signalChannel power of a CDMA signalMeasurement Personality Literature Number5966-3803E5962-6217E5963-9971E5091-7761E5963-9969E5964-0110EDigital RF wireless communicationsThe measurementsyou need in one convenient packageWhen it comes to installing and maintaining a microwave radio system, you can select the test solution that exactly meets your needs. Choose from personalities, options and system configurations created specifically for those who install and maintain microwave radios of all types—from routine maintenance of low capacity links to installation and commissioning of high capacity systems.Digital radio measurements•For low-capacity systemmaintenance, the 85713ADigital Radio MeasurementsPersonality adds mask com-parison, mean-power-level,frequency response and transientmeasurement capabilities to thestandard Spectrum Analyzer.The personality includesstandard FCC, UK and FRGagency masks, as well as theability to create custom masks.•For higher capacity systems,group delay and amplitudeflatness measurements may berequired. The 11770A LinkMeasurements Personality, inconjunction with Option 111in the Spectrum Analyzer, usesthe analyzer and its trackinggenerator as receiver andtransmitter respectively.Two independent analyzerscan be used for end-to-endand frequency translationmeasurements over the entirefrequency range of the generatoroutput and analyzer input.• The 11758V Digital Radio Testsystem provides comprehensivemeasurement capability forinstallation and maintenanceof high capacity systems. Thesystem is based on a specially-configured 8593E SpectrumAnalyzer and the 11758BMultipath Fading Simulator.Available options include:-group delay- a microwave source forantenna return loss measure-ments- a fully configured system formicrowave satellite systemgroup delay measurementsbased on a synthesizedsweeper.Factory integrated specialconfigurations are available.Amplitude and group delay response foradjusting transmission networksLiterature NumberTools for Digital Microwave Radio Installation & Maintenance (AN 355-1)5962-9920E5091-4651E11770A Link Measurements Personality Data Sheet5091-4652E Digital radioDifferential gain and phase video measurements made to world wide standards.Your portable, single box tester for both RF and video measurementsSave time in cable TV manufacturing and maintenance with fast one-button measurement routines. Agilent Technologies offers two solu-tions for the cable TV industry; the 8590 E-series spectrum analyzer with the 85721B cable TV measurement personality for manufacturers,or the CaLan 8591C cable TV analyzer for cable TV operators. TheCaLan 8591C includes many 8590 E-series analyzer options specifically for cable TV testing!Featuresand options include:•Dedicated Cable TV measure-ments which provide one-button,non-interfering RF and video tests.•Automated compliance testing to FCC regulations and world-wide standards.• System tests for installation, maintenance, troubleshooting and performance monitoring.•Five frequency ranges, 1.8 GHz to 22/26.5 GHz (8590 E-series).• 75-ohm input that matches analyzer to trunk cable or other 75-ohm environments.• Flexible hardware and software architecture for easy upgrading. • 75-ohm pre-amp for low-level carrier-to-noise measurements.• Dual interfaces; a parallel printer port with either an GPIB or RS-232 port.• Television picture capability to verify subscriber complaintsWith your analyzer, you can determine…RF measurements:• Automatic tuning to cable TV and broadcast carriers.• Visual and aural carrier levelsand frequencies• System channel survey • Depth of modulation • Crossmodulation• Aural and FM broadcast carrier deviation • Carrier-to-noise ratio• In-channel frequency response • Hum and low frequency disturbances• System frequency response • Distortion (CSO/CTB)Video measurements:• Differential gain • Differential phase• Chrominance-to-luminance delay inequalityAdd the Agilent CaLan 85921B FCC report generator for moving test data from your analyzer to your PC and providing FCC proof-of-performance reports!Cable TVThe design cycleThere’s no better time than early in the design cycle to solve EMC problems—problems that could prove very costly to correct, even to the point of delaying a new product’s introduction — prob-lems you can identify and analyze at the push of a button with 8590 E-series spectrum analyzers.• Use your 8590 E-series analyzer with the EMC measurement personality (85712D), antennas and accessories to search for radiated emissions.•Measure conducted emissions with the LISN and accessories. • Using the close-field probe set (11945A Option E51), pinpoint emissions, make design changes and compare the results.Selected featuresand options include:• Automated, one-button EMCprecompliance measurements.• Fast setup of all EMC measure-ment system parameters from arange of setup libraries.• Measure the quasi-peak, averageand peak levels of up to 20 signalsautomatically.• Enhanced measurementaccuracy with built-in transduceramplitude corrections.• Built-in tracking generator forshielding effectiveness andimmunity testing.• System diagnostic tools to quicklyisolate, classify and record EMCdesign problem spots.• A complete line of EMCtransducers and accessories toperform EMI measurements tomeet your needs. Avoid costly EMC compliance delaysThe 8590 E-series spectrum analyzer and 85712D EMC measurementpersonality, options and accessories give you EMC precompliance anddiagnostic capabilities. For dedicated EMI users, Agilent recommendsthe 8590EM series EMC analyzers.EMC precomplianceApplication specific literature Literature Number8590EM Series EMC Analyzers andPrecompliance Systems5964-6091EEMC Accessories Catalog5966-1188Eyou’re not forced to purchase multiple instruments —now you can com-bine the functions of a spectrum analyzer, noise figure meter, and scalaroptional 1.8/2.9 GHz built-in tracking…add the 5630A scalar test set for:• Simultaneous transmission/reflection• Built-in RF bridges• Ease of set-up and useMeasure swept noise figure and gain ofan amplifierOrdering informationSpectrum analyzers8591E RF Spectrum Analyzer (9 kHz to 1.8 GHz)8594E RF Spectrum Analyzer (9 kHz to 2.9 GHz)8595E RF Spectrum Analyzer (9 kHz to 6.5 GHz)8596E MW Spectrum Analyzer (9 kHz to 12.8 GHz)8593E MW Spectrum Analyzer (9 kHz to 22/26.5 GHz)Options, measurement personalities, and accessoriesFor complete ordering and compatibility information on available options, retrofit kits, and measurement personalities,please see the 8590 C/E/L and EM Series Configuration Guide, Literature Number 5963-6858E.Literature reference indexLiterature General purpose information Number 8590L and 8592L Product Overview5962-7275E 8590 E-Series Technical Specifications5963-6909E 8590 C/E/L and EM Series Configuration Guide5963-6858EProduct feature briefsAnalog+ Display5091-4054E Transmitter Power Measurements (ACP, OBW)5091-4055E Zoom Window5091-4051E Measuring AM with FFT5091-4049E Time-Gated Spectrum Analysis5091-4053E Editing Keyboard5091-4048E Marker and Peaks Table5091-4050E Third Order Intermodulation, N dB Bandwidth and Percent AM 5091-4052E Product notesTime-Gated Spectrum Analysis (8590-2)5952-3685 Analog+ Display 5091-2364E Maximizing Accuracy in Noise Figure Measurements (85719A-1)5091-4801E Application notesSpectrum Analysis Basics (150)5952-0292 Amplitude and Frequency Modulation (150-1)5954-9130Agilent Technologies’ Test and Measurement Support, Services,and AssistanceAgilent Technologies aims to maximize the value you receive, while minimizing your risk and problems. We strive to ensure that you get the test and measurement capabilities you paid for and obtain the support you need. Our extensive support resources and services can help you choose the right Agilent products for your applications and apply them successfully. Every instrument and system we sell has a global warranty. Support is available for at least five years beyond the production life of the product. Two concepts underlie Agilent’s overall support policy: “Our Promise” and “Your Advantage.”Our PromiseOur Promise means your Agilent test and measurement equipment will meet its advertised performance and functionality. When you are choosing new equipment, we will help you with product information, including realistic performance specifica-tions and practical recommendations from experienced test engineers. When you use Agilent equipment, we can verify that it works properly, help with product operation, and provide basic measurement assistance for the use of specified capabilities, at no extra cost upon request. Many self-help tools are available.Your AdvantageYour Advantage means that Agilent offers a wide range of additional expert test and measurement services, which you can purchase according to your unique techni-cal and business needs. Solve problems efficiently and gain a competitive edge by contracting with us for calibration, extra-cost upgrades, out-of-warranty repairs, and on-site education and training, as well as design, system integration, project management, and other professional engineering services. Experienced Agilent engineers and techni-cians worldwide can help you maximize your productivity, optimize the return on investment of your Agilent instruments and systems, and obtain dependable measure-ment accuracy for the life of those products. For more assistance with your testand measurement needs go to/find/assist Copyright © 2000 Agilent Technologies Printed in USA 7/005963-6908E。
安捷伦N900A频谱分析仪使用说明（F.H.中文精简版）
安捷伦N900A频谱分析仪使用说明（F.H.中文精简版）第一篇：安捷伦N900A频谱分析仪使用说明(F.H.中文精简版) 安捷伦N900A频谱分析仪使用说明2011-9-14F.H.基本功能：1.调整扫频范围[FREQ channel]start 0Hzstop 1MHz2.频率分辨率[BW]res BW 200Hz3.最大值保持功能[Trace/Detecor]Max Hold4.内部衰减值[AMPTD Yscale]Attenuation 20dB或其他【注意】需要保证测量信号强度-内部衰减值<24dBm或<83dBuV 才可以保证数据的准确性5.单位转化[AMPTD Yscale]More 1 of 2Y Axis UnitMore 1 of 2dBuV6.标记[Maker]NormalSelect Maker 可以选择多个Maker点7.保存[Save]Screen ImageSave As...其他功能：1.频谱仪保存设置调用[User Preset]User Preset2.重新测量[Restart]3.满屏显示[Full Screen]4.增加标题[View/Display]display lineTitle第二篇：网络分析仪使用说明网络分析仪使用说明------coqueer上位机软件的参数设置：注意对通信波特率的设置，例如：使用波特率为57600。
网络分析仪设置过程：（这里只说明如何按正确到步骤来测试）按下开关键后，前面板的指示灯应为：Channels下：1号灯亮；Display 下：A号灯亮；outputs下：B上面两个灯亮。
1.按preset键使系统复位，屏幕右侧辅助功能键选yes（F1）。
2.按frequency 键设置测量起始频率，数字键选择频率后，按enter键输入；按span键设置测量截止频率，数字键选择后，按enter键输入。
3.按sweep键设置扫描时间，可设10s或30s，enter键输入。
安捷伦仪器使用说明书中文
Alpha安捷伦B1500A半导体器件分析仪用户！ˉ的GUID安捷伦科技公司声明？安捷伦科技公司2005年，2006年，2007年，2008本手册的任何部分不得转载任何形式或通过任何手段（包括电子电子存储和检索或翻译成外国语言）事先同意MENT和安捷伦的书面同意作为由美国科技公司在美国和国际版权法。
手册部件号B1500-90000版2005年7月第1版，第2版，2005年12月2006年4月第3版第4版，2007年1月2007年6月5日，版第6版，2007年11月2008年10月7日，版安捷伦科技公司5301史蒂文斯溪大道95051美国加利福尼亚州圣克拉拉保证本文档中所含的物质是提供MENT！°为是，±，是苏如有更改，恕不另行通知，在以后的版本。
此外，最大而且，在适用法律法律，安捷伦提供任何保证，明示或暗示，关于本手册的任何信息所载，包括但不不限于隐含保证为杆的适销性和适用性特定用途。
安捷伦不得承担错误或偶然或在相应的损害赔偿连接TION的家具，使用，或每本文件或任何性能所载资料。
应该安捷伦与用户有一个单独的与保修的书面协议在这个物质的范围，涵盖记录与这些冲突条款，在保修则以协议arate中的协议为准。
技术许可硬件和/或软件描述这份文件是依照许可可用于复制或只在雅跳舞的许可条款。
有限权利如果软件在使用的一种表现美国政府的首要合同或道，软件交付和许可！°商业计算机软件！±ADFAR252.227-7014（1995年6月）的定义，或作为一个！°商业项目！FA±定义2.101（a）或°有限计算机软！洁具！±作为定义在FAR52.227-19（六月1987）或任何相当机构法规或合同条款。
使用，重复或disclo的软件肯定是受安捷伦科技nologies！ˉ标准商业许可条款和非DOD部门和美国政府机构没有获得更大而不是限制权利定义在FAR 52.227-19中（C）（1-2）（6月1987年）。
几款电路仿真软件的对比分析
几款软件的对比分析1. PSpice 仿真软件简介：PSpice属于元件级仿真软件，模型采用spice通用语言编写，移植性强，常用的信息电子电路，是它最适合的场合。
现在使用较多的是 PSpice 8.0,工作于 Windows 环境,占用硬盘空间60M左右，整个软件由原理图编辑、电路仿真、激励编辑、元器件库编辑、波形图等几个部分组成，使用时是一个整体。
PSpice 的电路元件模型反映实际型号元件的特性，通过对电路方程运算求解，能够仿真电路的细节，特别适合于对电力电子电路中开关暂态过程的描述。
主要功能：（1）复杂的电路特性分析，如：蒙特卡罗分析（2）模拟、数字、数模电路仿真（3）集成度提高缺点：（1）不适用于大功率器件（2）采用变步长算法，导致计算时间的延长（3）仿真的收敛性较差。
2. saber仿真软件简介：被誉为全球最先进的系统仿真软件，也是唯一的多技术、多领域的系统仿真产品，现已成为混合信号、混合技术设计和验证工具的业界标准，可用于电子、电力电子、机电一体化、机械、光电、光学、控制等不同类型系统构成的混合系统仿真，这也是saber的最大特点。
Saber最为混合仿真系统，可以兼容模拟、数学、控制量的混合仿真，便于在不同层面撒谎那个分析和解决问题，其他仿真软件不具备这样的功能。
Saber的仿真真实性很好，从仿真的电路到实际的电路实现，期间参数基本不用修改。
主要功能：（1）原理图输入和仿真（2）数据可视化和分析（3）模型库（4）建模缺点：操作较复杂，原理图仿真常常不收敛导致仿真失败，很占系统资源，环路扫频耗时太长（以几十分钟计）3. PLECS仿真系统简介：被全球众多知名公司的研发工程师誉为“全球最专业的系统级电力电子电路仿真系统”，也是一个用于电路和控制结合的多功能仿真软件，尤其适用于电力电子和传动系统。
PLECS独立版本已于2010年开发，自此PLECS脱离MATLAB/Simulink。
PLECS独立版具有控制元件库和电路元件库，采用优化的解析方法，仿真速度更快，比PLECS嵌套版本快2.5倍。
安捷伦16800系列逻辑分析仪技术资料
34
68
102
170
[1] 未使用的时钟通道可用作数据通道
定时缩放 (TimingZoom) (无需双倍探头连接，针对所有通道同时进行的状态和定时分析)
定时分析采样速率 时间间隔精度
同一探头组内 不同探头组间 存储器深度 触发位置 最小数据脉冲宽度
4 GHz (250 ps)
±（1.0 ns + 0.01% 时间间隔读数） ±（1.75 ns + 0.01% 时间间隔读数） 64 K 样本 开始，中间，结束，用户定义 1 ns
延长设备使用寿命
快速得到诊断线索和定义有问题 的信号
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在需要时，可通过升级您的 16800 系列逻辑分析仪获得更高的 存储器深度和状态速度。从而实现 购买您当前需要的测量能力，在日
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看每个信号的结果
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电压阈值设置范围 电压阈值精度
-5V 至 5 V （10mV 增量） ± 50 mV + 1% 设置值
5
Agilent 16800 系列逻辑分析仪技术指标和工作特性
状态 (同步) 分析模式
tWidth* [1] tSetup tHold tSample 范围 [2] tSample 调整分辨率 每通道最大状态分析数据率， 存储器深度 [4]
Agilent 16800 系列 便携式逻辑分析仪
技术资料
快速调试、验证和优化您的特性和好处
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Agilent E4406A 矢量信号分析仪商品说明书
1981Agilent E4406AVector Signal AnalyzerAccuracyS p e e d2Fast and accurate measurements To stay competitive, wireless equipment manufacturers need flexible test equipment capable of testing different formats with little change in set-up. The Agilent E4406A vector signal analyzer (VSA) is the perfect fit, offering the best combination of speed and accuracy for making one-button,standards-based measurements.2.5G and 3G formatsFor engineers developing next-generation wireless components and systems, the E4406A provides W-CDMA, cdma2000,1xEV-DO and EDGE/GSM formats. Using one-button measurements, engineers can quickly verify conformance to these new formats. As the standards have evolved, we have continued to enhance existing measurement personalities, and add new ones. The modular architecture of the E4406A makes it simple for you to upgrade and be ready for the latest standards.You develop the wireless future…Easy to useMulti-format3…we provide the signal analysis.An investment for your future The number of wireless technologies deployed around the world is growing and the demand for any particular format can change quickly. The E4406A offers format and frequency flexibility.Comprehensive signal analysis Speeding up production means being ready to manufacture anything and lose no time doing it. The E4406A easily adapts to virtually any popular format:•W-CDMA •cdma2000•1xEV-DO •cdmaOne •EDGE •GSM •NADC •PDC •iDEN •Spectrum •Waveform“We have decreased the (transmitter power calibration)test time by 25%.”–T est Systems Designer4Built for speed…Fast standards-based measurements As a wireless system or componentmanufacturer, you are under pressure to increase throughput while minimizing capital investments. Long test times can severely limit your manufacturing throughput, so we designed the E4406A.Since its introduction, progressive enhancements to the E4406A ensure its performance keeps pace with the ever-increasing need for speed.Today's E4406A is faster than ever. For example, the W-CDMA adjacent channel power ratio (ACPR) measurement is now nearly eight times faster than it used to be.Output radio frequency spectrum (ORFS) is two times faster, W-CDMA code domain power (CDP) is five times faster, and other measurements have improved as well.The E4406A transmitter power calibration uses time record data and built-in algorithms to provide complete transmitter level calibration with incredible speed – with all the accuracy you expect from the affordably-priced E4406A.In addition to high-speed throughput and accuracy in the manufacturing environment,the E4406A is designed to allow research and development engineers to quickly obtain results with minimal keystrokes.The E4406A delivers a logical user interface and a wealth of quick “one button” measurments, enabling designers to quickly try multiple test without getting bogged down in crypitic menus. The E4406A interface provides the edge needed to expediently evaluate new designs and successfully meet the demands of today's competitive environment.Base station transceiver suite of testsTypical spectrum analyzerNow even faster…without giving up accuracy.Fast spectrum measurementsThe E4406A features pre-configured, one-button measurements for many cellular standards and can also be used for narrowband spectrum measurements. Manufacturers can expect to make inter-modulation distortion and other amplitude measurements up to three times faster using the E4406A. AccuracyYou don’t need to reduce measurementspeed to get accurate results. Superiorabsolute level accuracy of ±0.6 dB(±0.4 dB typical) provides unmatchedperformance and minimizes test uncertainty.Combined with a linearity of ±0.25 dBover a 76 dB range, the E4406A is astate-of-the-art measurement tool.Absolute level accuracyNarrow span spectrum measurement over GPIB E4406A VSA spectrum analyzer25 updates/second Typicalspectrumanalyzer56The E4406A VSA…Focused applications including EDGE, GSM,W-CDMA, cdma2000, 1xEV-DO, cdmaOne,and NADC as well as narrow-span spectrum and waveform analysisBaseband measurements with balanced/unbalanced multiple impedance inputsLarge,high-resolution, color display makes viewing multiple traces easyZoomfeature allows users to display selected measurement windowsAutomatic alignment ensures accurate measurement resultsOne-button,standards-based measurements7…comprehensive signal analysis.High-speed LAN, parallel, and GPIB ports provide speed and flexibility whenIntuitive key strokesBuilt-in floppy disk drive provides PC compatibility and data archivingManufacturing8Standards complianceIn manufacturing, you need straightforward pass/fail verification of critical specifications.With built-in test limits you don ’t have to keep track of every standard. The E4406A performs tests to the requirements of current industry standards with free, easy-to-install, firmware updates.Speed and throughputIn the world of high-speed manufacturing every millisecond counts. Identify your throughput restrictions and if measurement speed is creating a bottleneck, consider the significant speed advantage of the E4406A.Transmitter and receiver testingIn combination with the Agilent E4438C ESG vector signal generator, the E4406A offers base station receiver and transmitter testing for major 2G, 2.5G, and 3G wireless formats.The E4406A combined with an E4438C is a test solution that provides the required flexibility, without compromising accuracy, for maximum throughput in base station production with the ability to migrate to new formats.Designed for manufacturing…Development9Verify next-generation designs For R&D engineers developing next-generation wireless components and systems, the E4406A is a low-cost tool that quickly verifies conformance. Your investment is secure because the E4406A has a modular architecture – making it easy to upgrade to the latest standards.Characterize using leading test methodsDigital modulation presents new challenges to amplifier manufacturers.Designers need effective methods to quickly characterize digital signals. The E4406A ’s complementary cumulative-distribution function (CCDF) is useful for determining a signal ’s power statistics,revealing the power peaks relative to the average power for assessing linearity requirements.Flexible power measurements Multicarrier power amplifier (MCPA)designers are faced with new measurement challenges. Designers must characterize intermodulation distortion at many frequency offsets and evaluate the effects of different modulation formats over a wide dynamic range. The E4406A features a fully-configurable ACP measurement that can test up to five frequency offsets and be optimized for dynamic range or speed.…and product development.10GSM with EDGE (Option 202)The EDGE measurement personality performs the latest standards-based measurements, including:•Error vector magnitude (EVM)•Multi-slot power versus time (PvT)•ORFS •IQ offset•Channel plans for 400, 800, 900, 1800, 1900 MHz•GSM measurements from Option BAH The EVM measurement features a unique algorithm to simultaneously display the EVM numerical results and the EDGE constellation diagram using the industry-specified measurement filter.GSM (Option BAH)The GSM measurement personality lets you quickly perform measurements to the latest ETSI standards:•Mean transmitter carrier power •Multi-slot PvT •ORFS•Phase and frequency error (PFER)•IQ offset•Transmitter band spurious•Channel plans for 400, 700, 800, 900, 1800, 1900 MHzThe personality features easy channel and timeslot selections, configurable PvT masks,and a typical ORFS dynamic range of 90 dB.NADC and PDC (Option BAE)Both the North American Digital Cellular (NADC) and Personal Digital Cellular (PDC)measurement personalities are included in this option. The NADC measurements are structured according to the IS-136 TDMA standard. Measurements included in this option are:•ACP •EVM•Occupied bandwidth (for PDC)The personalities feature base station and mobile radio mode set-ups, as well as sync word search capability.iDEN (Option HN1)The iDEN measurement personality performs measurements to the Motorola iDEN specialized mobile radio format. •Occupied bandwidth (OBW)•ACPR•Transmitter bit error rate (BER)TDMA measurement personalities…11W-CDMA (Option BAF)The complexity of W-CDMA demands the flexibility and depth of demodulation capability provided by this personality.Perform the following measurements on the HPSK uplink or downlink QPSK signals:•Code domain •QPSK EVM•Modulation accuracy (composite rho and EVM)•Channel power•Adjacent channel power leakage ratio (ACLR)•Power control •PvT•Intermodulation distortion •Multicarrier power•Spectrum emission mask •OBW •CCDFThis personality has the ability toautomatically determine active channels,to synchronize with any W-CDMA channel,to display code domain power in a multi-rate view, and to demodulate down to the symbol level. Variable capture intervals and pre-defined test models enable the user to perform fast, accurate measurements for manufacturing or in-depth analysis for R&D.cdma2000 (Option B78)The cdma2000 measurement personality offers the logical upgrade path from IS-95 to IS-2000 testing. Measurements support the forward and reverse links.•Code domain •QPSK EVM•Modulation accuracy (composite rho and EVM)•Channel power •ACPR•Intermodulation distortion •Spectrum emission mask •OBW •CCDFAdvanced code domain analysis algorithms display Walch codes for either Hadamard or OVSF coding schemes in a multi-rate view. Other capability includes code domain power error, symbol EVM,symbol power versus time, active channel identification, variable PN offset, quasi-orthogonal functions and demodulated symbol bit displays after de-spreading.… and CDMA measurement personalities.12Expanding measurement potential…cdmaOne (Option BAC)Built on Agilent ’s pioneering efforts in CDMA measurement techniques,this personality provides quick and easy measurement set-ups for the TIA/EIA-95, J-STD-008,IS-97D, and IS-98D band classes:•Modulation accuracy (rho)•Code domain •Channel power •ACPR•Close-in spuriousAlong with the world ’s fastest ACPR measurements, this personality features PN (pseudo-noise sequence) search, time offset, and carrier feed-through analysis.1xEV-DO (Option 204)With digital demodulation analysis, the 1xEV-DO measurement personality provides the most comprehensive, easy-to-use,1xEV-DO measurement solution available in an analyzer. This personality, which performs measurements for both forward link and reverse link signals, provides key transmitter measurements for analyzing systems based on the 3GPP2 and TIA/EIA/IS-856 standards.Forward link•Channel power•Power versus time mask •Spurious emissions and ACP •Intermodulation distortion •OBW•Code domain•Modulation accuracy (composite rho)•QPSK EVM•Power statistics (CCDF)Reverse link •Code domain•Modulation accuracy (composite rho)For forward link, the PvT mask and spurious emissions/ACP measurements support both the idle slot (burst signal) and active slot (full power signal). With the auto-burst search function, you can see the standard-based time mask for the 1xEV-DO idle slot in PvT. Code domain, modulation accuracy (composite rho), and QPSK EVM can also measure for each channel ’s Pilot, MAC, and Data in QPSK/8PSK/16QAM. Designed with flexibility in mind, this personality supports the unique 1xEV-DO forward link signals ’feature of time divisions multiplex (TDM). For reverse link, code domain, and modulation accuracy provide powerful modulation analysis functions for transmitter tests.13IQ inputs (Option B7C)Capitalize on the E4406A ’s demodulation capabilities by extending the measurement range to baseband. The baseband IQ input option enables engineers to measure the complete signal path of a receiver or transmitter and directly compare signals both before and after frequency conversion and IQ (de)modulation.Ideally suited for R&D engineers and manufacturing environments, this option allows measurement of baseband I and Q signals in either balanced or unbalanced systems. Input configurations include 50-ohm unbalanced, 600-ohm balanced, and 1-Mohm balanced or unbalanced –enabling a variety of systems to be directly tested without cumbersome and error-inducing conversion networks.Applicable in-band 3GPP W-CDMA,cdma2000, EDGE/GSM, and Basic mode measurements are supported via RF and IQ inputs, enabling engineers to track down signal degradation both before and after RF/IF conversion.Additional features include auto calibration of input signals, variable dc offsets and a dc to 5-MHz input frequency range (10 MHz in I + jQ mode)....tailored to user requirements.14E4406A VSA/89601Asoftware combinationThe standards-based, one-button test capabilities of the E4406A can be expanded with the flexible digital demodulation and analysis capabilities of the Agilent 89601A PC software. This teaming provides fast and accurate data acquisition with powerful,flexible modulation analysis tools for, both common and evolving communications standards.The 89601A vector signal analysis software is the heart of the Agilent 89600 series of vector signal analyzers. This software provides flexible tools for demodulating and analyzing even the most advanced digital modulations, whether or not they are contained in an established standard. Features include variable block size signal acquisition with user-selectable pulse search and synch words, and a user-con-trollable adaptive equalizer. Filter types include cosine (raised and square-root raised), Gaussian, and low-pass – all with configurable alpha/BT. Supported modula-tion formats for both continuous and burst carriers include FSK (2, 4, 8, and 16 level),BPSK, QPSK, OQPSK, DQPSK, p/4DQPSK,8PSK, QAM (16 to 256 level), VSB (8 and 16 level), EDGE, and MSK.The software also provides signal capture and analysis features, such as the capability to download signal capture files for playback through signal generators,and display high-speed spectrograms.The 89601A software runs on a PC connected to the E4406A, via LAN or GPIB,and provides hardware control and results displays along with modulation analysis.Coupling speed and power…15/find/vsa…with Agilent’s tradition of excellence.Service and supportThe speed and accuracy of the E4406A VSA is only a small part of what you get from Agilent. We strive to provide complete solutions that go beyond our customers ’expectations. Only Agilent offers the depth and breadth of enhancements, software, services, connectivity, accessibility, and support to help you reach your measurement objectives. For more information on the E4406A VSA, including product and application literature, visit our Web site at /find/vsaPre-sales service• rentals, leasing, and financing • application engineering services Post-sales service• standard 3-year global warranty • Worldwide Call Center and Service Center support network • one-year calibration intervals • firmware upgrades downloadable from the Web PC connectivity • 10 baseT LAN port • floppy disk drive • GPIB interface• VXI Plug and Play driversPeripheral and product interfaces • parallel printer port • printer support • VGA monitor output• Agilent E4438C ESG vector signal generator•Agilent 89601A vector signal analysis softwareTraining and access to information • on-site user training • factory service training• Web-based support of frequently asked questions• manuals on CD-ROM and on the Web Software• programming examples on CD-ROM • SCPI (Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments)• PC-based performance verification and adjustment softwareOrdering Array informationE4406A vector signal analyzerModel DescriptionE4406A7 MHz to 4 GHzOption DescriptionDigital Demodulation MeasurementsE4406A-202EDGE with GSM measurementpersonalityE4406A-2041xEV-DO measurementpersonalityE4406A-B78cdma2000 measurementpersonalityE4406A-BAC cdmaOne measurementpersonalityE4406A-BAE NADC, PDC measurementpersonalityE4406A-BAF W-CDMA measurementpersonalityE4406A-BAH GSM measurement personality E4406A-HN1IDEN measurementpersonalityInputs and outputsE4406A-300321.4 MHz IF outputBBIQE4406A-B7C I/Q inputsCalibration documentationE4406A-UK6Commercial calibrationcertificate with test data AccessoriesE4406A-1CM Rack mount kitE4406A-1CN Handle kitE4406A-1CP Rack mount and handle kitE4406A-1CR Rack slide kit* Includes English manual set.。
安捷伦89600矢量信号分析软件功能概述及测量指南
安捷伦89600矢量信号分析软件功能概述及测量指南2009年4月© Copyright 2009Agilent Technologies, Inc.通告本文档所含内容如有修改，恕不另行通知。
安捷伦对本资料不作任何形式的保证，包括但不限于为特定目的的适销性和适用性所作的暗示保证。
对其中包含的错误或由供给、使用本资料或由本资料的实用性而引起的偶然或继发的损失，安捷伦不承担任何责任。
© Agilent Technologies, Inc. 2009在安捷伦没有预先同意之前。
不得以任何形式复制本手册中的任何部分（包括电子存储和检索或翻译为其它语言）。
简介本手册介绍了安捷伦89600矢量信号分析软件的基本功能并重点说明了其数字解调分析功能及操作流程。
同时给出89600 矢量信号分析软件的多种数字解调分析工具和故障诊断方法。
通过对QPSK和W-CDMA信号的测量举例，详细描述了使用89600 矢量信号分析软件进行解调分析的测量过程和操作步骤。
其它信息欲获得更多信息，包括最新的产品信息、软件升级和应用信息，请访问下列网址：/find/89600目录Agilent 89600 VSA软件描述 (5)配置 (5)包含两个应用模式 (5)可接收多个测量前端的数据 (5)设计流程中应用Agilent 89600 VSA软件 (6)软件编程 (6)Agilent 89600 VSA软件功能举例 (7)宽频带测量 (7)窄扫宽超高分辨率测量 (7)捕获完整信号 (7)使用Bandpower Markers简化信道功率测量 (8)录制信号以延展分析能力 (9)使用模拟解调分析信号的建立过程 (9)使用模拟解调定位残余调制 (9)使用数字解调隔离符号时钟错误 (10)使用数字解调更容易地发现滤波问题 (10)使用窗口灵活配置用户化工具栏和显示 (11)结合Agilent ADS的分析 (12)数字解调分析 (13)数字解调器工作原理 (13)数字解调器设置十步骤 (13)QPSK解调分析步骤 (13)分析工具 (16)矢量图 (17)星座图 (17)眼图 (18)I/Q vs时间 (18)解调频谱 (19)误差矢量幅度 (19)幅度和相位误差 (20)误差矢量频谱 (21)符号表/错误摘要 (21)自适应均衡结果：脉冲响应和信道响应 (22)故障诊断 (22)诊断测试流程 (22)诊断：I/Q增益不平衡 (23)诊断：正交误差 (23)诊断：I/Q偏移 (24)诊断：符号速率错误 (25)诊断：滤波错误 (25)诊断：杂散和干扰信号 (30)诊断：压缩 (32)无线测量举例 – W-CDMA(3GPP)/HSPA (34)W-CDMA (3GPP)/HSPA 概览 (34)进行W-CDMA测量 (34)解调下行信号 (35)解调上行信号 (37)分析W-CDMA信号 (40)选择所分析的时隙 (43)测量诊断 (45)Agilent 89600 VSA软件描述Agilent 89600 VSA(Vector Signal Analysis）矢量信号分析软件提供基于Windows用户界面的矢量信号分析。
Agilent N9010A EXA 信号分析仪 说明书
设置为 normal（正常），则分析 仪必须开机至少 30 分钟；如果 “Auto Align”设置为 off（关闭） 或partia（l 部分），则必须在足够 近的时间内进行过校正，以避免 出现告警信息。如果“告警”条 件从“时间和温度”变成禁用的 时间长度选择之一，则分析仪可 能达不到技术指标，并且不会向 用户发出通知。
Agilent N9010A EXA
信号分析仪
技术资料
可用的频率范围 N9010A-503 N9010A-507 N9010A-513 N9010A-526
9 kHz～3.6 GHz 9 kHz～7.0 GHz 9 kHz～13.6 GHz 9 kHz～26.5 GHz
LXI C 类标准认证
目录
定义与条件 .............................. 3
9 kHz～3.6 GHz 3.5～7.0 GHz 6.9～13.6 GHz 13.5～17.1 GHz 17～26.5 GHz
频率基准 精度 老化率
温度稳定性 20～30℃ 5～50℃
可获得的最初校准精度
最后一次调整后 1 年内的频率 基准精度示例（包括选件 PFR） 剩余 FM（调频）
选件 PFR 标准
一般技术指标 ......................... 11
温度范围 ................................... 11 EMC .......................................... 11 安全 ........................................... 11 音频噪声 ................................... 11 环境强化测试 ........................... 11 电源要求 ................................... 12 数据存储 ................................... 12 重量 ........................................... 12 尺寸 ........................................... 12 保修 ........................................... 12 校准周期 ................................... 12
安捷伦频谱仪所有型号指南
安捷伦频谱和信号分析仪选型指南引言安捷伦科技公司拥有全面的频谱分析仪和信号分析仪产品线，频率范围覆盖直流至 325G Hz，可对失真、杂散、相位噪声和无线通信信号的频率、幅度和调制进行精确测量。
这些仪器和 89600B 矢量信号分析(VSA)软件(一种灵活的调制分析软件或测量应用软件)结合使用后，可进一步扩展仪器功能，对广泛的标准数字信号和通用数字信号和格式进行解调。
购买信号分析仪器是一项重要投资。
购买的仪器不仅要满足当前的工作需求，而且要适应未来的要求。
鉴于每个项目和用户都有不同的需求，选择能够满足所有需求的最佳仪器可能会十分复杂且耗时，而时间就是金钱。
安捷伦作为全球领先的测试测量公司，可提供广泛的分析仪和应用软件，满足各个层次的预算需求。
本选型指南将帮助您轻松找到最适合您自身需求的频谱分析仪或信号分析仪。
产品定义频谱分析仪和信号分析仪传统意义上的频谱分析仪是指可提供幅度/频率显示、具备调谐扫描功能的超外差接收机。
当今分析仪具有调谐扫描功能和 FFT 体系结构。
尽管“频谱分析仪”和“信号分析仪”两个术语现在常常互换使用，但对于当今可进行全面频域、时域和调制域信号分析的分析仪来说，“信号分析仪”一词更为准确。
台式分析仪和手持式分析仪台式频谱/信号分析仪可提供优异的射频技术指标和测量应用软件。
而手持式频谱分析仪更被那些由于频谱空间日益拥挤、射频技术不断演进而需要花费大量时间在外场完成工作的射频工程师或技术人员所青睐。
为了解决他们所面临的难题，手持式频谱分析仪需要具备坚固、精确、快速且简单易用等特性。
测量应用软件和测量软件安捷伦提供了基于 PC 和基于仪器的应用软件，以满足从研发、故障诊断到一键完成制造测量的测试需求，这些软件适用于广泛的通信标准和调制类型。
EMI 和 EMC 解决方案电磁干扰(EMI)是由设备的辐射或传导发射造成的。
EMI 分析仪和接收机能够准确定位干扰源的频率和位置，从而减少或消除干扰信号。
打造MATLAB软件与安捷伦信号与频谱分析仪完美结合
查询 功 能等 。 界面 中新增 的预 览 窗格 可 显 示 零 件 缩略 图和 详细 的版 本数 据， 便于用户打开文件或查看属性。 用 户 可 直 接 从 S o li dW o r k s 2 0 0 9 中对 S o lidW o r k s E n te r p r is e P D M 2 0 0 9 库 中 的任意两 个文档进行 比较 。 还 有一 个 新集成 的功 能就 是根据 提 示 单击“ 是 ” 迅 速检 出只 读文 件 。 另外 ， 在检入 文 件 时 ， S o i ldw o r k s 工 程 图现 在 可 以 自 动 并 入 3 D 建模零件 和装配 体 。 ‘rA
往 是很难 或几 乎不可 能实现 的。 双 方 的这 一 协议让 用户可 以一 站 式地获得
高品质仪器和数据分析软件 。
“ M A T L A B 非 常重 要 ， 我 们 的客户 普 遍 都在 使用 它 ” ， 安捷 伦信 号 分 析 事业
部 副 总裁兼 总经 理 G u y S e n e 说道 ， “ 我们达 成 的协 议 可 为用 户提供 方便 的硬 件与
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S o l id W o r k s ~ E n te r p ri s e P D M 2 0 0 9 。 S o lidW o r k s E n te r pr is e P D M 2 0 0 9
深 入 集成 了 S o lidW o r ks 的功 能， 这 项新功能允许用户直接从其 CA D 界 面利用 PD M 一 系列 的高效处 理 能 力， 如 “ 更 改状态 ” 和 “ 使 用位 置 ”
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几款电路仿真软件的对比分析
几款软件的对比分析1. PSpice 仿真软件简介：PSpice属于元件级仿真软件，模型采用spice通用语言编写，移植性强，常用的信息电子电路，是它最适合的场合。
现在使用较多的是 PSpice 8.0,工作于 Windows 环境,占用硬盘空间60M左右，整个软件由原理图编辑、电路仿真、激励编辑、元器件库编辑、波形图等几个部分组成，使用时是一个整体。
PSpice 的电路元件模型反映实际型号元件的特性，通过对电路方程运算求解，能够仿真电路的细节，特别适合于对电力电子电路中开关暂态过程的描述。
主要功能：（1）复杂的电路特性分析，如：蒙特卡罗分析（2）模拟、数字、数模电路仿真（3）集成度提高缺点：（1）不适用于大功率器件（2）采用变步长算法，导致计算时间的延长（3）仿真的收敛性较差。
2. saber仿真软件简介：被誉为全球最先进的系统仿真软件，也是唯一的多技术、多领域的系统仿真产品，现已成为混合信号、混合技术设计和验证工具的业界标准，可用于电子、电力电子、机电一体化、机械、光电、光学、控制等不同类型系统构成的混合系统仿真，这也是saber的最大特点。
Saber最为混合仿真系统，可以兼容模拟、数学、控制量的混合仿真，便于在不同层面撒谎那个分析和解决问题，其他仿真软件不具备这样的功能。
Saber的仿真真实性很好，从仿真的电路到实际的电路实现，期间参数基本不用修改。
主要功能：（1）原理图输入和仿真（2）数据可视化和分析（3）模型库（4）建模缺点：操作较复杂，原理图仿真常常不收敛导致仿真失败，很占系统资源，环路扫频耗时太长（以几十分钟计）3. PLECS仿真系统简介：被全球众多知名公司的研发工程师誉为“全球最专业的系统级电力电子电路仿真系统”，也是一个用于电路和控制结合的多功能仿真软件，尤其适用于电力电子和传动系统。
PLECS独立版本已于2010年开发，自此PLECS脱离MATLAB/Simulink。
PLECS独立版具有控制元件库和电路元件库，采用优化的解析方法，仿真速度更快，比PLECS嵌套版本快2.5倍。
一种利用MATLAB软件和安捷伦E4438C仪器产生自定义信号的方法
一种利用MATLAB软件和安捷伦E4438C仪器产生自定义信号的方法张少侃;梁中英;高心炜【摘要】为了产生模拟接收机在复杂无线电波环境下的测试接收物理波形信号,给出一种使用MATLAB软件和安捷伦E4438C矢量信号源产生自定义物理波形信号的方法.以QPSK调制信号为例,给出MATLAB软件产生数字波形文件的详细代码,并且给出数字波形文件下载到E4438C仪器和使用E4438C产生物理波形文件的具体详细步骤.最后,通过示波器和EVM测试仪验证所产生的QPSK物理波形的正确性.【期刊名称】《现代计算机（专业版）》【年(卷),期】2016(000)010【总页数】5页(P76-80)【关键词】MATLAB;E4438C矢量信号源;自定义波形【作者】张少侃;梁中英;高心炜【作者单位】广州海格通信集团股份有限公司,广州 510663;广州海格通信集团股份有限公司,广州 510663;广州海格通信集团股份有限公司,广州 510663【正文语种】中文在我们当前生存的无线电环境中，充满着各种各样复杂的无线电波，因此任何真实的电子系统都必须能够在复杂的无线电信号环境中工作。
在当前无线电波环境中，空中除了本电子系统发射的信号外，还同时存在着各种噪声和其他电子系统发出的干扰信号，因此在接收机的开发和测试过程中，要充分考虑到真实复杂环境中噪声和其他干扰信号的影响。
为了测试接收机能否在真实无线电波环境中工作，也即接收机能否在复杂无线电波环境下工作，我们需要有一个真实的可以自定义产生任何形式信号的信号源[1]。
文献[2]介绍了一种复杂波形产生器的设计与实现方法，但其只能产生复杂载波并不能产生自定义的信息内容，而且使用可编程逻辑硬件开发，不能达到复杂无线电波形的快速搭建要求。
另外，虽然现有的很多仪器已经可以很容易地合成出各种标准的通信信号，甚至是各种衰落形式的信号，但是实际的无线电波环境中往往情况更加复杂。
例如雷达系统中对复杂波形信号的要求体现为宽的信号带宽、波形捷变能力以及较低的相位噪声和杂散电平等[3-4]。
安捷伦导航信号模拟解决方案
安捷伦导航信号模拟解决方案今天，我们看到单一的GPS市场已经向全球导航GNSS（ global navigation satellite systems）市场转变，其它国家和地区的导航系统正在奋起直追，如俄罗斯的GLONASS系统, 欧盟的 Galileo系统，以及中国的北斗系统。
未来随着技术的发展和进步，会出现更多GNSS市场增长的驱动因素，智能手机和平板电脑中的基于位置的应用（LBS）；传统的车载导航应用；其他消费电子产品中的定位应用，如数码相机和智能手表，眼镜等；基于跟踪目的的应用，如对客运或货运的汽车跟踪，对老人，儿童，罪犯或宠物的跟踪等等。
基于以上需求驱动，未来几年GNSS市场将以10%～20%的速度增长。
欧洲全球定位机构保守估计，从2010~2016年每年有10%的增长。
而联合商业情报（ABI）预测更乐观，从2011~2015年将有14~20%的市场增长。
而其中87%的GNSS芯片出货量会用在手持终端定位服务上面。
安捷伦作为通信电子仪表行业的供应商，为客户提供了各种导航系统设计仿真、信号模拟的解决方案。
在导航系统设计仿真时，可以利用安捷伦SystemVue仿真软件，完成对基带、射频信道的模拟仿真，以及对信号衰落和加密算法的验证。
如果客户现有安捷伦E4438C可以升级选件409即可实现模拟GPS信号的信号源，或者是采用安捷伦矢量信号源+N7609B Signal Studio即可实现对GPS、GLONASS、Galileo、北斗信号的模拟。
解决方案一：GNSS系统设计仿真工具安捷伦SystemVue是电子系统级设计仿真软件，主要用于信号处理、通信和控制系统的设计仿真。
如模拟、数字和混合模式系统，相位和频率锁相环，调制、解调和通道建模，完整的DSP 系统设计和测试，模拟到数字变换系统、量化和采样系统、同相和正交系统，线性和非线性系统设计和测试，线性和非线性微分方程的解（包括模糊理论），控制系统设计和测试。
Agilent 8600C中文说明书
● 集成式光接收机提供了经过校准的光通道。通过使用 模块内置的精确的光接收机，可以精确测量和显示光 信号。
除了抖动，信号质量也会受到传输损伤的影响。与现
眼线模式可以在 86100C 中使用，它能查看数据码型 内部特定位转换的效果。独特的查看能力有助于诊断码型 内部一个或多个跳变导致的设备或系统问题。在与模板极 限测试结合使用时，眼线模式可以迅速隔离导致模板超限 的特定比特。
等时采样示波器上的传统触发方法在生成眼图方面特 别有效。但是，组成这些眼图的样点与数据码型的定时关 系具有很大的随机性，因此在给定眼图的组成样点当中， 许多不同的比特在码型内没有特定的定时顺序。其结果 是，用户看不到码型中特定位的幅度随时间变化的轨迹。 此外，由于随机相关的样点的实际平均值趋于眼图的“中 间值”，因此对眼图取平均值是无效的。
用户可以基于上面列出的标准模板，轻松地创建其他 眼图模板。此外，模板编辑允许您通过编辑现有模板来获 得新模板，或从头创建新模板。您还可以使用文本编辑器 (例如“记事本”)，在外部 PC 上创建或修改新模板，然后 使用局域网或闪存驱动器将模板传送到仪器的硬盘中。
可以使用由用户定义的、方便的测量条件，来执行这 些模板一致性测试，如保护频段测试的模板裕量、测试波 形的数量及停止 / 限制操作。可以自动地将模板裕量确定 为用户定义的冲击 / 误差率。发射机波形色散代价 (TWDP) 测试可以直接在 86100C 中进行而无需输出波形 来进行外部后期处理。(需要选件 201 和 MATLAB®。对于 特定测试标准，必须将色散代价脚本加载到 86100C 中。)
安捷伦科技与The MathWorks公司携手实现MATLAB软件与安捷伦信号与频谱分析仪的完美结合
合考虑链路的应用场合、 网络资源状况、 投资成本、 设备及 系统成熟度等因素。
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multisim7概述
第1章Multisim 7概述随着时代的发展，计算机技术在电子电路设计中发挥着越来越大的作用。
20世纪80年代后期，出现了一批优秀的电子设计自动化（Electronic Design Automation，EDA）软件，如PSPICE、EWB等。
EDA软件工具代表着电子系统设计的技术潮流。
本章介绍加拿大IIT公司（Interactive Image Technologies）具有代表性的EDA软件Multisim 7的特点、安装步骤和用户界面。
1.1 EWB与Multisim 7Electronics Workbench（简称EWB）是加拿大IIT公司于20世纪80年代末推出的电子线路仿真软件。
它可以对模拟、数字和模拟/数字混合电路进行仿真，克服了传统电子产品的设计受实验室客观条件限制的局限性，用虚拟的元件搭建各种电路，用虚拟的仪表进行各种参数和性能指标的测试。
因此，在电子工程设计和高校电子类教学领域中得到广泛应用。
与其他电路仿真软件相比，EWB具有以下特点：1．系统集成度高，界面直观，操作方便EWB软件把电路图的创建、电路的测试分析和仿真结果等内容都集成到一个电路窗口中。
整个操作界面就像一个实验平台。
创建电路所需的元器件、仿真电路所需的测试仪器均可以直接从电路窗口中选取，并且虚拟的元器件、仪器与实物外形非常相似，仪器的操作开关、按键同实际仪器也极为相似。
因此，该软件易学易用。
2．具备模拟、数字及模拟/数字混合电路的仿真在电路窗口中既可以对模拟或数字电路进行仿真，还可以对模拟/数字混合电路进行仿真。
3．提供较为丰富的元器件库EWB的元器件库提供了数千种类型的元器件及各类元器件的理想参数。
用户还可以根据需要修改元件参数或创建新元件。
4．电路分析手段完备EWB除了用7种常用的测试仪表来对仿真电路进行测试之外，还提供了电路的直流工作点分析、瞬态分析、傅里叶分析、噪声分析和失真分析等14种常用的分析方法。
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泛华测控最新推 出汽车摇窗机 装配测试系统
近 日，北京 中科泛华测控 技术有限公司 （ 简称 ：泛华测控 ）设计并研制的汽车 摇
窗机装配测试 系统 已正式交付使用 。 该系统是泛华测控专为车窗电机和 电子模块 生产线 的装配和检测而设 计的。其以 “ 柔性 测试 ”技术 为核 心设计理念 ，在追求测试 系统 “ 可
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或 Ｐ Ａ信号分析仪 的用户可 Ｓ 同时购买ＭＡＴ ＡＢ 软件。 Ｌ 安 捷伦信号分析仪与 ＭＡＴ ＡＢ Ｌ 数据分析软件的结合，使工程师可以信心十足地分析 、显示 、 解调和过滤原来很难处理或无法处理的信号 。 该协议使用 户从
个渠道便可获得高质量的仪器和数据分析软件。 安 捷伦信号分析 仪系列 （ ＸＡ、ＭＸＡ和 Ｐ Ａ高性能 Ｅ Ｓ
系列 ） 现在都可提供购买选件 ， 使用户能够选择根据任 务优
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合分析 ，加快 设计分析和产 品上 市的速度 。 ”
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该 系统 也具 有完善 的防错 机制 ，会 自动识别并提示操 作人员被测件与工位模块 是
否相 符 。另外 ，其完善的安 全机制会在 系统遇到紧 急情 况时 ，人工按下 急停 按钮即可使 整个系统停止 工作。
无论是 系统的操作便 易性 、 应用扩展性还是控制 的安 全性 ， 这些细节的设计都 为泛 华测控的汽车摇窗机 装配测试 系统
提 供 了充分 的品质保障 。
◎了解更 多信 息 ，请访 问：Ｗ Ｗ Ｐ ｎ ｎ ． ｏ ． ｎ Ｗ ． ａ Ｓ ｏ ｃ ｍ ｏ 。 ｉ
巾 科技核心期１ ： ０
一
ＭＡＴ ＡＢ Ｌ 高级信号分析软 件包新增了高级滤波器设计 方法和射频元 件分析功能 。 Ｍａ ｈ ｔ Ｗｏ ｋ 公司 ＭＡＴＬ ｒｓ ＡＢ产品部工 程副总裁 Ｒｏ ｙ Ｌ ｒ 表示 ：“ 捷伦客户将从这个完 美结合的综合软件平 ｕｉ ｅ 安 台 中受益 ， 借助这个平 台 ， 他们 可以在整个产 品开发 周期中 使用安捷伦 设备 。反之 ， 这个产 品组合又能帮助他们进 行综
旨在能够最大程 度的利用系统 资源 ， 提高检测 速度 ， 节省检测时 间。同时 ， 该系统的工
位模块化设计可以通过更换不同的夹具对不 同的车窗 电机进行装配和检测 ， 增加 测试 系
统 的 复 用 性 ， 大 大 降 低 用 户 的 成 本 ，保 证 测 试 系 统 的 适 用 性 和 扩 展 性 。
靠性 、 用性和扩展性 ”的指导思想下 ，实现 了对汽车 车窗 电机的多工位 多品种检 测。 适
该 系统的独特之 处在于同台设计 的三操 作工位 ，第一工位对 被测件进行装 配，第
二 和 第 三 工 位 分 别 对 装 配 完 的 被 测 件 进 行 泄 漏 测 试 和 充 程 防 夹 测 试 。 操 作 工位 的设 计 三