实用阶梯英语写作教程课件unit 5 Comparison and Contrast

Warm-up Activity: Different school lives
You have been studying in college for a few weeks. What differences do you find between college and high school life? What about your classmates?
Some sample expressions for comparison • In common with A, B prefers meat to fish. • A resembles B in that A is also interested in collecting stamps. • Just as A likes to be quiet, B likes to stay alone. • Like A, B likes outdoor sports. • A li源自文库es swimming. The same with A, B also likes swimming. • A and B are the same in that they both like swimming in the sea. • A and B have the same interests. • A likes swimming in a pond; similarly, B likes swimming in the sea. • Both A and B have long hair. • A likes fishing. B likes fishing, too. • A likes swimming, so does B.
• • • High school life I like being busy all the time. I like studying under pressure to force myself to work diligently. I like depending on teachers to get correct answers. ... • • • College life I like attending associations. I like having a lot of time to develop my hobbies. I like living on campus, far away from home. …
1. List the differences between high school life and college life in some detail.
2. Tell your classmates what you like about high school and college. 3. Categorize the main differences and write a mini-essay.
Comparison/contrast can be organized in subject by subject, point by point or mixed sequence.
How to write a good comparison/contrast essay
• • • • Compare things that have something in common. State your purpose in the topic sentence. Stick to the comparison/contrast pattern you choose. Select significant points for comparison/contrast that reveal important rather than trivial similarities/differences. • Deal equally with both subjects.
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For contrast: unlike rather whereas/while although/though/even though but (never use though…but…) yet however nevertheless instead in contrast on the one hand…on the other hand… • on the contrary to the contrary • the opposite of conversely • in spite of this / that
Comparison/Contrast Patterns Used in Reference Reading
• 1. Similarity—point by point
• 2. Contrast—point by point
• 3. Contrast—subject by subject
• 4. Contrast—point by point • 5. Contrast—subject and subject • 6. Contrast—point by point
Some sample expressions for contrast:
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • Unlike A, B likes outdoor sports. In contrast to A, B likes outdoor sports. Different from A, B likes outdoor sports. Contrary to A, B likes outdoor sports. As opposed to A, B likes outdoor sports. A is different from B in that B likes outdoor sports. A differs from B in that B likes outdoor sports. A contrasts with B in that B likes outdoor sports. A likes indoor activities; however/ in contrast/ by contrast/ on the other hand, B likes outdoor sports. A likes indoor activities; B, however, likes outdoor sports. A likes indoor activities, but B likes outdoor sports. A likes indoor activities, whereas / while B likes outdoor sports. A is not as active as B. A is more /less active than B.
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Basic information about comparison & contrast
• What is comparison/contrast? • Comparison/Contrast is a method of developing a paragraph or an essay. Comparison shows similarity while contrast shows difference. The word comparison is sometimes used to mean both comparison and contrast.
Differences in High School Life and College Life
• High School Life • College Life
• busy with a lot of homework • dependence on teachers • Teacher-guided learning • more tests and examinations • ...
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more freedom more independence more activities less homework less examinations Self-conducted learning • ...
Things I Like about High School Life and College Life
Writing Practice
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1. Read passages about Tai chi and jogging and list their advantages respectively. 2. Discuss with classmates and list the differences between team sports and individual sports. 3. Work in group to compare the strengths and weaknesses of each applicant and decide which one would be more likely to get the position of executive secretary. 4. Compare your friends from various aspects and write them down.
Unit 5: Paragraph Development— Comparison & Contrast
Objectives
• Students are expected to 1. be able to note down important information from oral communications in well-formed English (sentence-level writing) 2. have some basic knowledge about paragraph development by comparison and contrast 3. be able to write comparison and contrast paragraphs
Reference of Practice 1: Advantages of Tai chi & Jogging
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• • • • • Tai chi A. Little facilities are required. B. Special equipment is not necessary. C. It can be practice alone. D. It can be done in any place E. It is not a hard exercise.
• What is comparison/contrast used for? • To clarify something unknown or not well understood. • To lead to a new way of viewing something familiar. • To bring one or both of the subjects into sharper focus. • To show that one subject is better than the other.
Transitions for comparison & contrast
• • • • • • • • • • • For similarity: both like as the same too/also similarly likewise in like manner at the same time in the same way