上海市徐汇、松江、金山区高三语文4月学习能力诊断试题(二模)
2024年上海市徐汇区高三语文二模试卷及答案
一积累运用 10分1.按要求填空。
(5分)(1)背绳墨以追曲兮,________________。
(屈原《离骚》)(2)________________,破灭之道也。
(_________《六国论》)(3)李白《蜀道难》中以“________________,________________”描写人行蜀道时的艰难和惊恐。
2.按要求选择。
(5分)(1)将下列编号的语句依次填入语段空白处,语意连贯的一项是()。
(3分)40年前,费孝通先生通过对苏州吴江区的调查研究,在《小城镇,大问题》一文中提出了要重视小城镇建设,发展乡镇工业,解决农民本地就业的命题。
近十年来,______,______:______,______,______。
①费孝通的“各美其美,美美与共”箴言已然在他的家乡书写出生动实践②一幅产业兴、乡村美、农民富的美好图景逐步照进现实③齐心村为村民提供保洁服务、绿化养护等就业岗位,搭建富民增收平台④随着吴江区特色田园乡村建设的全面铺开⑤开弦弓村探索出一条具有研学文化特色的江村农文旅融合发展新路径A. ②④③⑤①B. ④②⑤③①C. ①④②⑤③D. ④①③⑤②(2)以上语段摘自某报纸,下列版面名称和文章标题与其最匹配的一项是()。
(2分)A.民生版《绘就美美江村发展蓝图》B.文化版《讲好现代乡村振兴故事》C.时评版《打造乡村振兴吴江样板》D.理论版《统筹规划苏州乡村建设》二阅读 70分(一)光启中学文学社组织社员观看了电影《阿Q正传》后召开了电影改编得失研讨会。
请阅读会议资料“书信”“影评”和发言摘录,完成第3—7题。
(17分)〔书信〕1930年10 月13 日,鲁迅致信给将《阿Q 正传》改编为电影剧本的王乔南:“我的意见,以为《阿Q 正传》,实无改编剧本及电影的要素。
因为一上演台,将只剩了滑稽,而我之作此篇,实不以滑稽或哀怜为目的,其中情景,恐中国此刻的‘明星’是无法表现的。
”〔影评〕《阿Q正传》改编:从文学语言到电影语言①文学语言有广义和狭义之分。
2023年上海市金山区高三高考二模语文试卷含答案
2022学年第二学期质量监控高三语文试卷2023年4月【考生注意】1.考试时间150分钟。
试卷满分150分。
2.本考试设试卷和答题卷两部分,所有答题必须涂或写在答题卷上,做在试卷上不得分。
第一部分积累应用(10分)1.按要求填空。
(5分)(1)无边落木萧萧下,。
(杜甫《登高》)(2)。
忆往昔峥嵘岁月稠。
(毛泽东《沁园春·长沙》)(3)《子路、曾皙、冉有、公西华侍坐》一文中,曾皙描绘了一幅在大自然里沐浴临风,一路酣歌的美丽动人景象:“,,”。
第二部分阅读(70分)一、阅读下文,完成第3-7题。
(17分)①安伯托·艾柯在《开放的作品》一书中认为,阐释者、演绎者和作品之间的关系是开放的,这是隐喻意义上的作品之开放。
②从上来看,一切艺术作品皆是开放的作品。
这是因为“在刺激和理解以及它们之间的相互联系构成的反映活动中,作品的任何一个欣赏者都有自己独特的生存状态,都有自己的受到特殊条件限制的感受能力,都有自己的特定文化水准、品位、爱好和个人偏见,这样一来,对作品的理解就是按照个人的特定方向来进展了。
”正所谓“一千个读者就有一千个哈姆雷特”,读者所处时代不同,个体的生活经验不同,知识结构不同,在意识活动中建构的文本形象就会有差异。
鲁迅先生也曾经在《读书琐记》中谈到不同时代不同的林黛玉形象。
他说,文学虽然有普遍性,但因读者的体验的不同而有变化。
读者倘没有类似的体验,它也就失去了效力。
譬如我们看《红楼梦》,从文字上推见了林黛玉这一个人,但须排除了梅博士的“黛玉葬花”照相的先入之见,另外想一个,那么,恐怕会想到剪头发,穿印度绸衫,清瘦,寂寞的摩登女郎;或者别的什么模样,我不能断定。
但试着去和三四十年前出版的《红楼梦图咏》之类里面的画像比一比罢,一定是截然两样的,那上面所画的,是那时读者的心目中的林黛玉。
③文本的丰富阐释性,还与文本的结构有关。
伊瑟尔曾详细阐释了读者的阅读活动,他认为,人们在阅读活动中成功的交流,将依据文本在何种程度上作为相关物在读者意识中建构自身。
上海市徐汇区高三二模语文试题(Word版,含答案)
上海市徐汇区高三二模试卷语文一、积累应用1.按要求填空。
⑴虽无丝竹管弦之盛,_______,亦足以畅叙幽情。
()(《兰亭集序》)⑵王国维在《______》中借用了柳永的词句“_____,_____”来类比成就大事业、大学问必经的第二境界。
【答案】 (1). 一觞一咏 (2). 王羲之 (3). 人间词话 (4). 衣带渐宽终不悔 (5). 为伊消得人憔悴2.阅读下面文字,按要求选择。
2016年,由地球物理学家黄大年领衔的“中国深部探测技术”项目研究成果达到国际一流水平。
黄大年对他的团队成员说:在“巡天探地潜海”领域,我们一直在跟跑;经过5年的努力,我们进入了并跑阶段。
要达到领跑水平,我们更要戮力同心,沉下心来做研究。
常常有队员拿实验报告来向我(),或发来论文让我(),不时能看到你们的(),我很欣慰,也很骄傲。
目前我们取得了骄人的成绩,但从并跑到领跑的路还很长,“_____,_____”,我们任重道远。
⑴按顺序填入括号的词语,用语贴切的一项是A.请示指正不经之谈B.垂询斧正不根之论C.请教斧正不易之论D.咨询指正不刊之论⑵填入画线处的句子,合适的一项是A.千淘万漉虽辛苦,吹尽狂沙始到金。
B.路漫漫其修远兮,吾将上下而求索。
C.雄关漫道真如铁,而今迈步从头越。
D.宝剑锋从磨砺出,梅花香自苦寒来。
【答案】(1)D(2)B二、现代文阅读阅读下文,完成下列小题。
科幻作品的价值①近几年,随着刘慈欣的《三体》获雨果奖,以及《黑客帝国》《阿凡达》等科幻电影迸发出炽烈的“科幻热”,科幻作品拥有了数量庞大的受众,但这依然未能改变科幻作品的尴尬地位:它既不是科学领域的主流,也不是文学领域的主流,而是被大部分国人习惯看作“科普读物”沉沦在边缘状态。
如何定位科幻作品,我们似乎应该厘清一个基本问题:科幻作品的价值到底是什么?②1866年,人们在海上发现了一只被称为“独角鲸”的大怪物,生物学家阿龙纳斯应邀参加了捕捉这只“怪物”的行动。
2023年上海松江区高三语文4月第二次模拟试卷附答案解析
2023年上海松江区高三语文4月第二次模拟试卷2023年4月(完成试卷时间:150分钟总分:150分)一、积累运用10分1.按要求填空。
(5分)(1)上有六龙回日之高标,______________。
(李白《蜀道难》)(2)______________,泣孤舟之嫠妇。
(苏轼《_______》)(3)在《<论语>十二章》中,反映了“君子”和“小人”不同的价值追求的句子是:______________, ______________。
2.阅读下面的材料,按要求选择。
(5分)(1)《红楼梦》的哲学意味正是:人类的诗意生命应当生活在泥浊世界的彼岸。
人生只是到人间走一遭的瞬间,最高的诗意应该是“质本洁来还洁去”。
如黛玉、_____等,离世时不带地球上的浊泥与尘埃。
(2分)A.巧姐B.李纨C.晴雯D.袭人(2)学校电子图书馆“科学史文章”栏目将选编《天文学上的旷世之争》,现面向全体学生征集该文的内容摘要。
小松提交的稿件中有一处不符合摘要要求,请选出这一项并说明理由。
(3分)【甲】为了更多的读者了解我国历史上的“浑盖”之争,【乙】本文以我国古代关于宇宙结构模式各学说的出现时间为线索,梳理这场论争的经过,分析了论争的影响、意义、特点及其所体现的科学原则,【丙】“浑盖”之争的实质是有关宇宙结构问题的论证。
【丁】全文思路清晰,首尾呼应,结构完整。
二阅读70分(一)阅读下文,完成第3-6题。
(16分)材料一①在中等以上的教育里,经典训练应该是一个必要的项目。
经典训练的价值不在实用,而在文化。
②本书所谓经典是广义的用法,包括群经、先秦诸子、几种史书、一些集部;要读懂这些书,特别是经、子,得懂“小学”,就是文字学,所以《说文解字》等书也是经典的一部分。
③我国经典,未经整理,读起来特别难,一般人往往望而生畏,结果是敬而远之。
我们理想中一般人的经典读本——有些该是全书,有些只该是选本节本——应该尽可能地采取他们的结论:一面将本文分段,仔细地标点,并用白话文作简要的注释。
2024上海各区高三语文二模试题汇编《作文题目》
2024高三二模作文题目汇编【24二模徐汇区】24.获益大于代价,是衡量一件事值得做的标准吗?请写一篇文章,谈谈你对这个问题的认识和思考。
要求:(1)自拟题目;(2)不少于 800字。
【24二模金山区】23.一个人知道得越多,是否意味着越容易作出判断?请写一篇文章,谈谈你的思考。
要求:(1)自拟题目;(2)不少于800字。
【24二模嘉定区】25.原汁原味是传统文化最好的传承吗?请写一篇文章,谈谈你对这个问题的认识和思考。
要求:(1)题目自拟;(2)不少于800字。
【24二模杨浦区】24.有人说,只有怀着一颗空白之心,才能够获得想象的灵魂。
对此,你是否认同?请写一篇文章,谈谈你的认识和思考。
要求:①自拟题目;②不少于800字。
【24二模浦东区】25.有人说,真正的发现之旅不在于找寻新的天地,而在于拥有新的眼光。
对此,你怎么看?请写一篇文章谈谈你的看法。
要求:(1)自拟题目;(2)不少于800字。
【24二模奉贤区】24.人们走进艺术世界,仅仅是为了满足耳目之娱吗?请写一篇文章,谈谈你的认识和思考。
要求:(1)自拟题目;(2)不少于800字。
【24二模闵行区】25.阅读材料,完成作文。
(70分)人们常说“温故知新”。
“温故”和“知新”可以是什么关系呢?请写一篇文章,谈谈自己的思考。
题目自拟,不少于800字。
【24二模宝山区】24.当我们遭受重大人生挫折时,重要的是认清客观现实,还是安抚自己心理?请写一篇文章,谈谈你对这个问题的认识和思考。
要求:(1)自拟题目;(2)不少于800字。
【24二模崇明区】23.不断怀疑自己以前深信不疑的东西,才能够成长为更新的自己。
请写一篇文章,谈谈你对此的认识和思考。
要求:(1)自拟题目;(2)不少于800字。
【24二模虹口区】有人说,人情世故是现代社会的立身之本。
有人则不以为然。
请写一篇文章,谈谈你对这个问题的认识和思考。
要求:⑴自拟题目;⑵不少于800字。
【24二模普陀区】24. 生活中,我们不断产生记忆,不断运用记忆,甚至不断有意无意地改造记忆。
上海市金山区2024届高三下学期4月二模试题 英语含答案
金山区2023学年第二学期质量监控高三英语试卷(答案在最后)(考试时间120分钟,总分140分)2024年4月I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A.A shop assistant. B.A waiter. C.A receptionist. D.A travel agent.2. A.10minutes. B.20minutes. C.30minutes. D.40minutes.3. A.In a university. B.In a gallery. C.In a bookstore. D.In a library.4. A.Happy. B.Exhausted. C.Disappointed. D.Curious.5. A.Read the speech to her. B.Give a different speech.C.Finish writing the speech.D.Stop worrying about the speech.6. A.Get his car window closed. B.Lend his umbrella to the woman.C.Borrow the woman’s car key.D.Listen to the weather forecast.7. A.He’s not feeling fine. B.He can’t see very well.C.His eye doesn’t hurt much.D.His eye isn’t healing quickly.8. A.They need to dress similarly. B.The woman should avoid jeans.C.They had better dress formally.D.The man is looking for a new jacket.9. A.The job is well-paid. B.He has just worked for a day.C.The weather is not a problem.D.He has trouble riding a bicycle.10. A.The woman sold her car because she hates driving.B.The woman thinks it is not convenient to drive a car.C.The woman will be travelling by subway from now on.D.The woman moved because she didn’t want to drive anymore.Section BDirections:In Section B,you will hear two short passages,and one longer conversation and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation.The passages and the conversation will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions11through13are based on the following passage.11. A.5%. B.80%. C.40%. D.10%.12. A.Polluting the environment.B.Destroying wildlife habitats.C.Endangering new species.D.Hunting to a great extent.13. A.To appeal to people to protect wildlife.B.To emphasize the importance of the Earth.C.To describe different ways to stop pollution.D.To analyze the reasons for wildlife’s disappearing.Questions14through16are based on the following passage.14. A.Because it is his nickname.B.Because he is often called to put out fires.C.Because he brings more technical technology to each project.D.Because he is the one who gets called to address troubled projects.15. A.He contributes more value than others.B.He struggled to settle problems but failed.C.He interfered with the distribution service projects.D.He learns from past mistakes and successes consciously.16. A.To ask for a pay raise. B.To become a fireman.C.To be the team leader.D.To present a better image. Questions17through20are based on the following conversation.17. A.Black or white coffee. B.Their teachers in classes.C.World history classes.D.The beginning of the semester.18. A.She has to take the course. B.She finds it interesting.C.The professor gives good instructions.D.There are many discussions.19. A.She holds big lectures. B.She takes her students seriously.C.She loves the subject so much.D.She gives a usual test in class.20. A.Talk to the man’s teacher. B.Take another history course.C.Meet the man next day.D.Go to the man’s world history class.II.Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections:Read the following passage.Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word.For the other blanks,fill in each blank with one proper word.Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.DNA analysis reveals two waves of migrationThe results of the study,published in the Science Bulletin,revealed two major migration waves in history.In this pioneering study,scientists from Fudan University(21)______(dig)into the ancient DNA of individuals buried in Gansu province,revealing interesting insights into the genetic makeup of Hexi Corridor residents dating back over12centuries.The research employed ancient DNA data(22)______(explore)human migration along the Hexi Corridor.The Hexi Corridor,was a narrow yet crucial link(23)______(connect)the heartland of ancient China to the Western Territory.Characterized by its lofty mountains and deserts,the ancient pathway was dotted with cities(24)______(found)along short rivers.Historical documents attest(证实)to the Hexi Corridor’s significance as a crossroads (25)______Western and Eastern civilizations mixed through trade,religion and occasional conflicts following the establishment of the Silk Road during the Han Dynasty.(26)______technological advances in biology open new avenues for exploration, archaeologists are increasingly drawn to analyzing DNA samples.Led by Wen Shaoqing from Fudan University’s Institute of Archaeological Science,the team successfully extracted DNA data (27)______the teeth and bones found at two sites near Dunhuang.The DNA analysis pinpointed two outliers(异常样本)dating to the Wei Dynasty and the Tang.Further examination revealed one had approximately50percent western Eurasian ancestry and(28)____________30percent,suggesting the individuals were likely descendants of unions between western Eurasian women and local men.(29)______the team concluded was that the genetic mix could be partially attributed to those migrations.Experts said the second major migration period(30)______(mark)by a significant shift in the gene pool.Historical records say migration facilitated by Chinese explorer Zhang Qian’s visit to the Western Territory from138BC resulted in the creation of the Silk Road.Section BDirections:After reading the passage below,fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box.Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need.Will AI allow humans to play a part?Rebecca used to have a regular job,translating a fashion brand’s website into German.One day a big change happened.The company(31)______to using machine translation.She kept the job,and it still paid the bills;however,she was now there to check and(32)______whatever was produced by the computer.But there was a complaint.“What it meant,(33)______,was that we humans were training a machine,”she says.Each corrected caption for a mid-priced T-shirt,each pair of skinny jeans,was a data point for the robot that was going to replace her.With the(34)______of chat programs that can imitate humans,the world is now beginning to consider what the coming of artificial intelligence means.What will it do for our jobs if many once(35)______professions—law,accountancy,medicine—disappear?What does it mean to be a human when the thing that humans most(36)______—intelligence—has become the cheapest product on the planet?Translators,for good and ill, don’t have to wonder.“You can take the world of translators and interpreters as a(37)______of the world,”says Nicki Bone,chairwoman of the board of the Institute of Translating and Interpreting.Not all of them are adjusting.“Of course,we have our(38)______,”but she adds,“There are also opportunities,and optimists.”The speed of change,though,has been(39)______.Increasingly,says Bone,she and her colleagues are acting as editors of a machine’s first pass,rather than translators of the raw material.For some,that’s fine.“People will say,‘OK,instead of working at one rate for this number of words per hour,I’m working at many more words per hour,but for a much lower rate.’Some are happy to take on.Some won’t,as a matter of principle.”As we are(40)______at ChatGPT and its great ability to imitate human writing,translators are,compared with the rest of the professions,sensitive.Anyway,this technology is here to stay.III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B, C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Sandhya Sriram is impatient.The stem-cell(干细胞)scientist wanted to put her knowledge to use,developing cultivated seafood.Yet no one was doing that in Singapore.So four years ago, she set up a company to create lab-grown crustacean(甲壳纲动物)meat.(41)______,she registered her company,Shiok Meats in August2018.“Nobody was doing crustaceans,”says Sriram,Shiok’s Group CEO and co-founder.“What do Asians eat the most?Seafood.It was a simple answer.And they’re so delicious.”A lifelong(42)______,she had never tried real shrimp, but she sampled it the week she registered the company.Today,the results of her(43)______can be seen at the headquarters of her company.During a fall2022visit,a bioprocess engineer looked into a microscope carefully.He had taken samples from a bioreactor in the room next door,where the company is(44)______crustacean cells. Under the lens,he was checking to see if the cells were ready to harvest.Shiok Meats has already revealed shrimp,lobster,and crab prototypes(最初形态)to a select group of tasters,and it plans to(45)______regulatory approval to sell its lab-grown shrimp by April2023.That could make it the first in the world to bring cultivated shrimp to diners,putting it at the leading position of the cultivated-meat(46)______.As of this writing,only one company has gained regulatory approval to sell lab-grown animal-protein products:Eat Jus’s cultured chicken is(47)______but only in Singapore.Shiok Meats still needs to submit all the paperwork necessary and get regulatory approval,but the company hopes to see its products in restaurants by mid-2024,offering foodies a more environmentally friendly option free of(48)______than crustaceans from farms.But even if that ambitious(49)______is met,it will likely be a while before the average person is eating cultivated crustaceans.It will require not just regulatory approval but also more funding and a bigger factory,along with(50)______consumers and governments around the world to accept lab-grown seafood.“We’re at an interesting stage of a startup;it’s called the Valley of Death,”says Sriram.“We are in the space where we haven’t submitted for regulatory approval yet,but we’re looking to commercialize in the next two years.”Nevertheless,the impatient entrepreneur is(51)______. Sriram hopes to have the company’s next manufacturing plant ready by the end of2023,where a 500-liter and a2,000-liter bioreactor will be a major(52)______from its current50-and200-liter bioreactors.The goal is for her products to enter the mainstream in Singapore in five to seven years.(53)______these products could help tackle some of the environmental impacts of crustacean anic waste,chemicals,and antibiotics from seafood farms can pollutegroundwater.Shiok Meats says the way it produces crustacean meat minimizes animal cruelty,as growing protein in a lab helps avoid(54)______animals.And cultivating shrimp closer to where it’s(55)______cuts emissions from fishing-boat fuel and shipping products around the world.In a word,when science meets seafood,many wonderful things happen naturally.41. A.Eagerly B.Hurriedly C.Incidentally D.Interestingly42. A.dieter B.foodie C.taster D.vegetarian43. A.discipline B.enthusiasm C.discovery D.mindset44. A.growing B.investigating C.increasing D.targeting45. A.accept B.adopt C.grant D.seek46. A.farm B.race C.section D.line47. A.available B.affordable petitive D.profitable48. A.additive B.cruelty C.meat D.salt49. A.guideline B.transformation C.condition D.timeline50. A.demanding B.directing C.persuading D.training51. A.delightful B.insightful C.open-minded D.optimistic52. A.difference B.emergence C.sacrifice D.leap53. A.Tracking B.Supervising C.Popularizing D.Sampling54. A.feeding B.killing C.mistreating D.trapping55. A.captured B.stranded C.consumed D.produced Section BDirections:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)There is no known date for when the ancient Greeks or Romans first shared their stories about gods,monsters and heroes.But for the modern myth known as Star Wars,that date is May 25,1977,when the original movie opened in theaters and kicked off a global phenomenon that spanned films,TV shows,novels,comic books,toys,lunchboxes,bed sheets and more.Even today,Star Wars remains an enduring touchstone(检验标准)of pop culture.Critically praised or not,the movies continue to be a big hit.And just as we know when the mythology began,we also know who invented it: writer-director George Lucas.His inspiration,he told TIME in1977,was“all the books and films and comics that I liked when I was a child…My main reason for making it was to give young people an honest,wholesome fantasy life,the kind my generation had.”No one could predict just how much Lucas’creation would catch on—not even Lucas himself or the film’s star Mark Hamill,who played young hero Luke Skywalker.“I had no idea itwould be as successful as it was,”Hamill said in2017,marking the original film’s40th anniversary.“I just thought I would be a fan of this even if I weren’t involved.”Before Lucas created Star Wars,he had an even more ambitious goal—to blow up the ways of Old Hollywood.And he did.Star Wars introduced a new era of moviemaking,one that saw the development of amazing special effects and the tools to achieve them.After this legend, filmmakers felt free to bring their wildest ideas to life in totally realistic ways that left audiences thrilled.Why did Star Wars become such a powerful force?Hamill credits its ability to satisfy the human need for escapism.“People value the idea of going away to some happy place,”he said,“whether it’s Oz or Narnia or Middle Earth or Hogwarts.I think it appeals to children of all ages. It doesn’t matter if you’re6or60.It appeals to the optimistic young idealism that I think every person has,however buried it might be.”56.What can we learn from the first paragraph?A.People should keep digging into the history of ancient myths.B.More products associated with Star Wars have been created.C.Some people’s criticism of Star Wars made it less popular than before.D.Star Wars is more successful in the business field than in the entertainment field.57.Why did George Lucas invent Star Wars?A.To break the old rules and traditions of making films.B.To appeal to the optimistic young men to pursue their dreams.C.To encourage other filmmakers to bring their wild ideas to life.D.To offer young people an as good and healthy fantasy life as he had.58.Star Wars can have such a great influence mainly because______.A.it meets people’s pursuit for a place to escapeB.it symbolizes the beginning of the modern mythC.the special effects offer amazing viewing experienceD.the main actors in this film are very popular among the public59.This passage is written to_____________.A.inspire people to be optimistic and idealB.introduce the basic information about Star WarsC.recommend the talented writer-director George LucasD.criticize the fact that Star Wars is not as well made as before(B)Looking for a career change?Check out these unconventional options! The Waterslide TesterWhen the pool where he worked as a lifeguard was closed during the COVID-19pandemic, Guillaume Pop took jobs at various other pools that were virtually deserted.In one video on the social platform,he pretended to be a“professional waterslide tester”.Unexpectedly,Pop became a social media sensation.He was then hired to“test”slides and other facilities at water parks and swimming pools all over France.“It’s the best job in the world,”declares Pop,whose videos have received80million views.“I’m not behind a desk.I’m active and outside in the sun.In fact,all the children tell me they want to be a waterslide tester!”The Reindeer HerderFinnish Lapland is home to around200,000wild reindeer.Anne Ollila,one of the4,000 owners of these animals,works in this harsh but beautiful region with her big family.She gave up her job as a sociology researcher in2010to devote herself to reindeer herding full time.In summer,Ollila sleeps during the day and walks up to12miles a night through marsh and forest, enduring all kinds of insects.In deepest winter there is little daylight.Grasslands are frozen and the reindeer move into the forest for protection.“Life here isn’t easy but it’s how nature works,”says Ollila,“I love the environment,the animals and the freedom.Also,I have a sense of belonging to something bigger than me,to the chain of life through the generations.”The Zombie TrainerStevie Douglas,a52-year-old Scot,has taught people how to behave like all varieties of the undead.A big fan of horror movies,Douglas noticed the zombies he saw in films were often unconvincing.“Their movement was poor and I thought I could do better.”So,in2012,he formed ScareScotland to provide zombies for films and events such as horror conventions.A year later they started a zombie training program,which took off when they received a request for300 zombies for a three-week-long interactive production.“What we do is very specific.”says Douglas.Many people enjoy being frightened,and he’s happy to oblige them.60.What do the three people introduced in the passage above have in common?A.Their jobs are dangerous,unstable and low-paid.B.Their jobs are well received throughout the world.C.They have great passion and pride in what they do.D.They need professional qualifications to do their job.61.What does Guillaume Pop like most about his job?A.It has a sense of freedom.B.It is full of vigor and energy.C.It is what he has been doing for decades.D.It satisfies people’s wishes to be frightened.62.Who is most probably interested in this passage?A.Employees who are considering switching jobs.B.Students who are applying for ideal universities.C.Children who are interested in unusual activities.D.Graduates who are deciding on their essay topics.(C)The phrase“coin toss”is a classic equivalent to randomness.But since atleast the18th century,mathematicians have suspected that even fair coins tendto land on one side slightly more often than the other.Proving this tiny bias(偏见),however,would require hundreds of thousands of carefully recordedcoin tosses,making laboratory tests a nightmare.František Bartoš,currently a Ph.D.candidate at the University of Amsterdam,became fascinated by this challenge four years ago.He couldn’t round up enough volunteers to investigate it at first.“Nobody was stupid enough to spend a couple of weekends tossing coins,”he says.But after he began his Ph.D.studies,he tried again,recruiting47volunteers(many of them friends and fellow students)from six countries.Multiple weekends of coin tossing later,the team had performed350,757tosses,breaking the previous record of40,000.The tossed coins,according to previous findings,landed with the same side facing upward as before the toss50.8percent of the time.The large number of throws allows statisticians to conclude that the nearly one percent bias isn’t a fluke.“We can be quite sure there is a bias in coin tosses after this data set,”Bartošsays.The leading theory explaining the subtle advantage comes from a2007physics study by statistician Persi Diaconis and his colleagues,whose calculations predicted a same-side bias of 51percent.From the moment a coin is launched into the air,its entire path in the air—including whether it lands on heads or tails—can be calculated by the laws of mechanics.The researchersdetermined that coins in the air barely turn around their symmetrical axis(对称轴);instead they tend to move off-center unsteadily,which causes them to spend a little more time in the air with their initial“up”side on top.For day-to-day decisions,coin tosses are as good as random because a one percent bias isn’t perceptible with just a few coin tosses,says another statistician who wasn’t involved in the new research.Still,the study’s conclusions should eliminate any doubt that still exists regarding the coin toss’s slim bias.It isn’t difficult to prevent this bias from influencing your coin-toss matches;simply concealing the coin’s starting position before tossing it should do the trick.Alternatively,you can do away with tossing altogether by shaking the coin between your palms.But if your friends are unaware of the tiny bias,you may as well benefit from your slight advantage.After all,51percent odds beat a lot.63.Why was it difficult to prove the tiny bias in coin tosses?A.Because it required a large number of trials and loads of tests.B.Because few scientists and researchers were interested in this topic.C.Because scientists lacked the ability and technique to conduct this study.D.Because previous researches failed many times and scientists lost confidence.64.The meaning of the underlined word fluke in paragraph3most probably refers to somethingthat____________.A.happens by accidentB.can be planned in advanceC.occurs under specific conditionsD.can be gained by practice65.What can we imply from the last paragraph?A.This one percent bias matters little in real life.B.We should rely on this one percent bias to help us.C.Though unnoticeable,we may still take advantage of this bias.D.Relying on the one percent bias to win a coin-toss match is unfair.66.What is the best title of this passage?A.Risk-takers?Experts recommend coin-toss matches.B.Luck or Maths?Here’re some tips on tossing coins.C.Coin collectors?There’re stories behind each coin.D.Heads or Tails?Research suggests it’s not50-50.Section CDirections:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.The young lead new trends in consumption marketWith the post-1990generation becoming a vibrant(充满活力的)force in society and the post-2000generation gradually entering the workforce,the purchasing power of the new generation of consumers has been steadily growing.(67)_______________________Growing up in the internet era,the young consumers generally have higher education levels and a broader global outlook,and come from a relatively strong economic background.As such,their consumption behavior is different from that of the earlier generations.In terms of consumption pattern,online shopping has become the top choice for young people.Young people not only comprise a comparatively high percentage of internet users but also tend to shop online.(68)_______________________This makes them easily influenced by product promotions and influencers on social media.And yet a trend toward rational consumption has been growing rapidly over the past few years.(69)_______________________Instead,they focus more on product quality and functionality.They tend to compare products and services,and do some research before making purchasing decisions,in order to get the best out of their purchase.According to a study conducted by the Social Survey Center of China Youth Daily,90.1percent of the1,000young respondents said their consumption decision is based on the“spending where necessary and saving where possible”principle.Besides,young consumers seek more personalized and diversified products, reflecting their emotional needs and increasing sense of self-worth.(70)_____________________ When it comes to brand cognition,young consumers seem to favor domestic products. Thanks to information online,young consumers no longer blindly pursue foreign brands and instead prefer local brands,highlighting their confidence in Chinese-made products.From Li-Ning, Anta to Warrior shoes,domestic brands in various fields are being warmly welcomed by youngconsumers.IV.Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more e your own words as far as possible.71.The ingredients of loveIn modern times,finding love seems more central to people’s lives.Then,researchers wonder, can love,a highly valued emotional state,be created?To help determine the ingredients of attraction,one research paired164college classmates and had them talk for3,6or10minutes to get a sense of each other’s individuality.Then students were asked to predict what kind of relationship they might build with their partners.After nine weeks,they reported what happened.Reports showed their initial judgments often held true.All these students seemed to distinguish at an early stage who would best fit into their lives.Scientists have also turned to nonhumans to increase understanding of attraction.Many animals give off pheromones—natural chemicals that can be detected by,and then can produce a response in,other animals of the same species.Pheromones can signal that an animal is either ready to fight or is feeling open to partnerships.In contrast,humans do not seem to be as gifted as other animals at detecting such chemicals.Smell,however,does seem to play a part in human attraction.Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromones consciously,we give and receive loads of information through smell in every interaction with other people.Being fond of someone seems to have a number of factors,including seeing something we find attractive.Researchers had people judge faces for attractiveness.The participants had0.013 seconds to view each face,yet somehow they generally considered the images the same as people who had more time to study the same faces.The way we assess attractiveness seems to be somewhat automatic.When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations,people responded to positive words faster after viewing an attractive face.Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.V.TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.72.中国文化产业充当着文化交流的桥梁。
上海市徐汇、金山、松江区高三语文下学期学习能力诊断(二模)试题
2016年徐汇(松江、金山)区高三二模语文试卷一阅读 80分(一)阅读下文,完成第1-6题。
(17分)数字化时代的艺术①艺术被复制技术弄得身不由己,并非是电脑出现以后才有的事情。
②早期欧洲用羊毛挂毯来复制油画,织毯工人用各种颜色的经纬线对应画面上相应的色素,只是羊毛毯子太贵,织得起挂毯的也就请得起画师了。
随后出现的铜版画使更多的人可以分享到艺术品,但这也只是一种权宜之计。
与原作相比,这些复制品在质量上相差太远,数码方式出现之前的复制术都是一种有损复制,所以它们的冲击力远远小于今天的数字化复制。
③摄影技术的兴起,至少在两方面对艺术产生了影响:一是它取代了绘画的写实职能,甚至在摹物象形的功能上,摄影比绘画要强大得多;二是它具有可复制性,不但可以用来复制绘画,它自身就是可复制品。
这两点根本上改变了我们对绘画的传统要求。
即使在绘画的装饰功能方面,摄影也部分的抢了绘画的饭碗,至少像明信片风景和鲜花之类,摄影和绘画同样广受欢迎。
【甲】有着几千年传统的绘画必须要存在下去,【乙】不能以传统的方式来延续,【丙】绘画被迫重新思考了自己的存在意义。
现代主义艺术就是在这样的思考中诞生的。
④也许今天的绝大多数人和艺术的第一次接触就是从摄影获得的。
比方每个受过教育的中国人可能都知道《蒙娜丽莎》,但他们看到的大都是这幅画的印刷品。
数码复制的影响在于,它不仅在复制的精度上更为出色,对这一复制品的再复制也不会导致损耗——它从技术上消解了原作的概念,会导致艺术品价格上翻天覆地的变化。
由于成功的传播所建立的广泛的知名度,也许会极大地刺激人们对原作的需求;但另一种业已成为现实的趋势是,完美的复制降低了对原作的需求,如果人们可以轻易地从网络上下载质量完全一样的图片或音乐,他们为什么还要额外花钱购买呢?这将直接影响到艺术生存下去的方式。
⑤数码复制带来的又一个问题是艺术消费群体的改变。
以前的艺术实际上都是为某个特定的对象而生产的,壁画是为教堂画的,圣像画是为老百姓画的,肖像是中产阶级的需求。
上海市徐汇、松江、金山区2025届高考仿真模拟语文试卷含解析
上海市徐汇、松江、金山区2025届高考仿真模拟语文试卷注意事项1.考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。
2.试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。
第一部分必须用2B 铅笔作答;第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。
3.考试结束后,考生须将试卷和答题卡放在桌面上,待监考员收回。
1、下列各句中,没有语病的一项是A.城市竞争力的高低,不仅取决于硬环境,还取决于社会秩序、公共道德、文化氛围、教育水准等诸多人文元素组成的软环境。
B.自从中国倡导的“一带一路”全球发展规划涵盖了非洲各国后,非洲各国热切期待中国铁路建设能够激发非洲经济新活力。
C.评价一个政党,最直接、最有力的证据就是其作风,心系群众、执政为民、廉洁奉公的优良作风是决定人心向背的关键。
D.吴京执导并主演的国产大片《战狼2》自7月28号上映至今,票房仅一个月时间竟然破50亿,并由此激发了全球华人的爱国热情。
2、下列各句中,没有语病的一项是A.曾侯乙编钟巍峨的“曲悬”架势与配套的曾候乙编馨,完整、明确地呈现了周代诸侯的“轩悬”制度,并与其他青铜礼器一起交织出一幅近于现实的礼乐场景。
B.由于社会治理转型一度缺乏整体性的制度设计,没有像经济转型那样有相对明确的目标、路径和体制,往往在经济体制改革的牵引下被动前行甚至徘徊不前。
C.平等共容作为社会工作的目标价值,既体现在社会工作的精神层面,也体现在物质层面,是平等共享国家发展成果,践行社会主义核心价值体系的重要途径。
D.古人利用物体投影随太阳移动而旋转的原理来测定并划分时刻,发明了日晷,是世界上历史最悠久的计时工具,是我国古代在天文学方面的突出成就。
3、依次填入下面一段文字横线处的语句,最恰当的一组是()诗词对中国人来说是植入文化基因并潜移默化到日常生活中的,。
,。
,。
①文化中国未必高居于庙堂之上,却经常安住于江湖之远②在此形势下,把诗词做成一档很有参与感的节目,让很多喜欢诗词却不经意远离诗词的人们有机会重新接近诗词③然而这个时代的诱惑实在太多了,诗词正离年轻人的生活越来越远④至今在很多中国人的居家生活中,以诗词为心,以对联与书法为用⑤很多诗词语言和意象的美感,中国人可以“秒懂”,外国人可能就云里雾里⑥可以称得上是一种功德A.③②①⑥⑤④B.③⑥②⑤④①C.⑤④①③②⑥D.⑤①④②⑥③4、阅读下面的文字,完成下面小题。
2022届上海市徐汇区高三二模语文试题(含解析)
我想起的第一个好,是十九岁时去相亲。先不说未婚夫,先说我妹妹。我有个妹妹,脑子不好用,我去相亲她非要跟着。相完了亲,未婚夫骑着车送我们回家,妹妹坐在前杠上,我坐在后座上。正好是冬天,月光下,地里的麦苗正泛着青,真是好看得很。未婚夫跟我说起了外面的世界,比如商场、外国人和他当兵的洛阳,后来,他还给我背了一首诗,这首诗,一字一句,被我记得死死的,这辈子都忘不了:“在那大海上淡蓝色的云雾里,有一片孤帆在闪耀着白光,它寻求什么,在遥远的异地?它抛下什么,在可爱的故乡?”
D. 甲——惜春;乙——宝钗;丙——迎春
(2)将下面编号的语句依次填入语段省略处,语意连贯的一项是( )
A. ①③④②B. ④②③①C. ④②①③D. ①②③④
4.光启中学文学社拟在世界读书日举办读书推介活动。小徐同学草拟了推介发言稿,发言稿中的画线处表达最恰当的一项是( )
各位老师、同学,大家好。我推荐的这本书是《中国人的自觉——费孝通传》。这本书用纪录片式的文字将费孝通先生的求学和治学经历娓娓道来〔甲〕,叙述了费先生在祖国大地上“行行重行行〔乙〕”探索乡土社会转型、农民致富的轨迹,启迪我们如何做一个知行合一的中国人。感谢各位聆听〔丙〕。言辞有不当之处,敬请各位提出一得之见〔丁〕。
⑦这种情绪,就是寻找家园的冲动,就是本来意义上的哲学活动。它在全球生态危机的今天,显得尤其迫切,尤其使人心灼。
⑧哲学活动的本质,原就是精神还乡。或者换言之,凡是怀着一种乡愁的冲动,到处寻找精神家园的活动,皆可称之为哲学。于是,科学、艺术创造活动都可以看成是一种哲学活动。我以为,这便是诺瓦利斯定义的深刻性和丰富性。⑨爱因斯坦的一生中便深感人生的孤寂和“无家可归”的苦闷。在《我的世界观》一文中,50岁的爱因斯坦吐露了这种莫可名状的情绪:“我实在是一个‘孤独的旅客’,我从来就没有全心全意地属于一块土地或一个国家,属于我的朋友甚至我的家庭。在所有这些关系面前,我从未失去一种疏离感和保持孤独的需要,而且这种感受正与日俱增。”
上海市松江区2024届高三二模(4月考)语文试题答案
上海市松江区2024届高三二模语文试题2024.4一积累运用 10分1.按要求填空。
(5分)(1)_______,抱明月而长终。
(苏轼《________》)(2)良将劲弩守要害之处,_______。
(贾谊《过秦论》)(3)《兰亭集序》中,王羲之否定生死等同、生命短长同一的句子为“_______,_______”。
2.按要求作答。
(5分)(1)在一次学术研讨会上,一位古代文学专家作了交流发言。
他说:“二十世纪的古代文学研究在作家身世、诗文流派、文体演变、艺术风格等方面,都取得了辉煌的成就。
_______,_______,_______,_______,_______。
”将下列编号的语句依次填入以上语段空白处,语意连贯的一项是()。
(3分)①古代文学专业应加强对文学心灵世界的深入研究②但这些研究属于文学表层③因而古代文学研究的意义过多粘著在文学外在物④忽略了“文学是人类心灵的图像”这一层意义⑤影响了文学研究潜存的无限广阔的精神世界的探索A.②①③④⑤B.②③④⑤①C.①②⑤④③D.①②③⑤④(2)根据以上发言,下面论文可能未被收入这次研讨会论文集的一项是()。
(2分)A.《20世纪古代文学研究方向探索》B.《论古代文学研究的突破与创新》C.《古代文学在网络时代的新境遇》D.《古典文学中人文精神范式研究》二阅读 70分一、阅读下面的材料,完成第3-7题。
(16分)材料一:①改编是一种典型的互文性现象,互文性理论关注和强调的是。
根据该理论,“舞剧互文”是在舞剧研究中,作为主文本的舞剧与其他多种形式的艺术文本建立的对话关系。
并且,改编最深层内在机制之一的互文性,它的关注重心并非传统意义上作品和作者的关系,而是通过与原著对话,强调舞剧中存在原著文本的言语及意义,从被重复的表述中分析舞剧文本和原著文本的关系。
舞剧对文学作品改编不仅是艺术形式、艺术语言的转化,更多涉及编导对原著阐释的深层次问题。
②从审美范畴来看,《红楼梦》在结构庞大的叙事背后展示的是一种悲剧的意蕴。
上海市徐汇区2023届高三二模-语文试题及答案--人教版高三总复习
上海市徐汇区2023届高三二模语文试题及答案人教版高三总复习2022学年第二学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷高三语文试卷(考试时间150分钟,试卷满分150分)【考生注意】1.考试时间150分钟。
试卷满分150分。
2.本考试设试卷和答题卷两部分,所有答题必须写在答题卷上,做在试卷上不得分。
一、积累运用10分1.按要求填空。
(5分)(1)___________,檐牙高啄;各抱地势,___________。
(杜牧《阿房宫赋》)(2)《乡土中国.礼治秩序》篇引用了《_______》中颜渊与孔子关于“仁”的问答,孔子以“___________,____________?”两句来强调服礼要有主动性。
2.阅读下面文字,按要求选择。
(3分)孔子喜欢“刚毅木讷”性格的人,但“刚毅”与“木讷”二者兼有却不容易。
《红楼梦》中的甲______十分木讷,可是刚毅全无,成了贾府第一懦弱者;而乙______则刚毅有余而木讷不足,她是兴利除弊的干才,但性情中缺少一点必要的“浑沌”:丙______貌似刚毅木讷,可她的木讷不是憨厚而是冷漠。
贾府中真正能称得上刚毅木讷者的,只有宝玉一人。
……①他不入国贼禄鬼之流的信念植根于心底,从未动摇②这种憨厚似的刚毅不是形刚而是神刚③但因为形态太柔,常被人误解,以为他是个弱者④他木讷得被人称作呆子,自始至终不失憨厚(1)填入上段文字空格处的人名对应正确的一项是()。
(1分)A.甲——迎春;乙——宝钗;丙——惜春B.甲——惜春;乙——探春;丙——迎春C.甲——迎春;乙——探春;丙——惜春D.甲——惜春;乙——宝钗;丙——迎春(2)将下面编号的语句依次填入语段省略处,语意连贯的一项是()。
(2分)A.①③④②B.④②③①C.④②①③D.①②③④3.光启中学文学社拟在世界读书日举办读书推介活动。
小徐同学草拟了推介发言稿,发言稿中的画线处表达最恰当的一项是()。
(2分)各位老师、同学,大家好。
我推荐的这本书是《中国人的自觉——费孝通传》。
高三4月学习能力诊断语文试题(含答案解析)
【精品】上海市徐汇区、松江区高三4月学习能力诊断语文试题学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________一、现代文阅读阅读下文,完成各题。
现代的司马迁陈之藩①大致说来,人类社会赖以生存的三大基本要素是物质、能量与信息。
从最原始的到最近的社会一直是如此。
不过在上古的人没有意识到信息的重要,虽然语言、符号、图像、文字与人类的历史几乎可以说是同时演进而来。
②我们意识到信息的极端重要与信息的定量估测是始于二十世纪中叶。
大致是由控制理论的创立者温纳(Norbert Wiener)及信息理论的定义者山农(Claude Shannon)所启迪的。
温纳说:“信息就是信息,不是物质,也不是能量。
如不承认这一点,我们就不易存在下去。
”山农则是把玻耳兹曼(Ludwig Boltzmann)墓志铭上那个“熵”的公式借来,为信息做了定量工作并构建了分析理论。
③信息不仅包括我们所有的知识,还包括感官所触到的一切。
报纸上的新闻,书本上的报告,市场上的行情起伏,电视上的天气预报;简单到一张照片或一幅图画,复杂到终端机上的种种显示,印表机上的列列标记都是信息。
我们固然一直是生活在物质——如空气或水——的海洋中,也是生活在能量——如光或热——的海洋中;而今,我们忽然悟出更是生活在信息的海洋中。
从古以来就是如此,二十世纪下半叶情况尤然。
④但信息与物质或能量有所不同。
信息的最大特征是:它单独存在的东西,以互相联系为前提。
没有联系,就没有信息。
于是信息必依附于一定的载体。
通过载体,这信息才能被处理、传输、操作。
而今,呈现在我们面前的信息多是经电子为载体、用数字作处理而表现出来的资料。
⑤信息资料不能单独存在,是由互相联系而来。
所谓互相联系,主要是传递与储存;而储存可以视为延迟了的传递,于是信息与传递,或者信息与储存的关系也就特别密切了。
⑥经由数字处理而得出的信息资料,自然因频繁的传递与大量的堆存,而逐渐成了问题;并且这个问题随着时间的推移而日形严重。
上海市松江区近年届高三语文二模(4月)试题(含解析)(最新整理)
二、阅读 70分
8. 金庸武侠小说才是金庸产生巨大影响力的主要原因; 金庸武侠小说的关键并不像金庸自己说的在“侠";金庸武侠小说中的“侠”在逐渐退隐(超越了弘扬侠义精神);金庸武侠小说有对中国历史和社会有更深远的反思;金庸武侠小说中的“武”有着独具特色的东方奇幻,这才是吸引读者的地方;金庸武侠小说的出色之处在于通过真实的描写建构出了一个想象奇崛又极具真实感世界。
【解析】
【4题详解】
试题分析:本题考查理解文中重要词语的能力,这类题目答题时一般要认真审题,确定题目考查的是哪一个词语,然后仔细阅读原文,找到此词语所在位置,结合上下文来分析。“盖棺论定”出现在文章第一段,说的是金庸去世后各大媒体发了纪念文章,对金庸做出了评价,评价的具体内容就是下文谈到的许多文章都强调金庸除武侠小说之外,还有很多其他的成就和事迹,隐含有“金庸可不止是写武侠的”的意思,据此可分析出,在文中“盖棺定论”的意思是对金庸和金庸现象做出最终评价。
②金庸本人在访谈中有一个说法:“武侠小说的精神是‘侠’字而不是‘武’字,‘侠’是牺牲自己的利益,去帮助人家主持正义。”这段话传播很广,得到了普遍的认同.以此而论,武侠是传播一种道德精神,自然于国于民有重要意义,所以武侠小说较为高雅的叫法就是“侠义小说",而低俗的称呼是“武打小说”。
③不过对一种文学本质与功能的看法,并不会因为作家本人曾说过而更加合理。把脱离了“武”的“侠”当成武侠的基石有很多说不过去的逻辑。当年韩非子就说过“侠以武犯禁”,脱离了起码的武力,侠客和一般的好人、热心人的区别就不大了.这些人自然也十分值得学习和效仿,但小说读者显然不是为了看这些。
2024上海各区高三语文二模试题汇编《现代文二》
2024高三二模现代文二汇编【24二模徐汇区】(二)阅读下文,完成第8—11题。
(16分)绝响杜卫东①画舫行至湖中。
水面,清波荡漾;舱内,酒断肠愁。
②此刻,站在你身旁的是一位头戴乌纱、身着锦袍的黑脸汉子:钱谦益,你的夫君,南明政权礼部尚书。
崇祯皇帝于煤山自尽前,下诏宣他进京任礼部侍郎,刚要启程,城破。
崇祯击鼓呼唤百官,竟无一人至。
③你双手持杯,走到船头,深情望着丈夫,话未出口泪已流:“尚书公,金陵城破已无悬念。
既然公无一兵一卒可供驱使,后事就无需再议。
今日,公死殉国,我死殉公,取义而保全大节,如是所愿!”④钱谦益不敢与你对视,目光投向水面:“如是,水冷……”水冷,如寒霜骤降,瞬间将你冰冻。
⑤柳如是,人如名字般妩媚,“秦淮八艳”之首。
你曾飞蛾扑火般找到他,他的见识如箭穿云,他的才华如花绽放。
谁承想,你仰慕的男神瞬间如泥塑般坍塌。
⑥你一声冷笑,默默将杯中酒洒入湖中。
一抬手,将空杯掷于脚下,在钱谦益和丫鬟的惊叫中,纵身一跃,跳向湖中……⑦你的生命是一场放逐。
十岁的你因家贫路绝被卖入青楼。
所幸,接住你的是江南名妓徐佛,她教你弹琴,听高山之音;与你读诗,赴李杜之约,并主动为你脱籍赎身。
从此,你寄身于松江,乘画舫、逐长川,半部《诗经》引火,三卷《汉书》烹茶,来往于名士之间,唱和在雅士宴中。
⑧你无视传统礼俗,脱籍后一直为自己留心佳婿。
你不在乎年龄和相貌,只看对方的才识与学养,憧憬着有一佳木能让自己筑巢而鸣。
崇祯十四年的一天,你青巾束发,淡妆素容,着一袭书生布袍,主动去拜访江南名士钱谦益。
后堂读书的钱谦益读到“晚生柳儒士叩拜钱学士”的名帖,寻你至泊舟的湖畔,拱手施礼。
从此,你是他的彼岸,他是你的归舟。
⑨那日,你被钱谦益救起,心如枯槁。
⑩细雨蒙蒙中,丈夫锦衣纱帽,率南明一众亡国之臣开城乞降,匍匐在地的丑态让你无地自容。
当他顾影惭形,前往京城效命新朝时,你甚至不愿望一眼他的背影。
⑪后来,你原谅了他——人的纯洁,不是一尘不染,而是洞穿世事后的从容。
高三语文:2024届上海市金山区高三二模语文卷和解析
⑨小说艺术常常通过调节相同或相似细节的出现频次来实现不同的艺术效果。美国文学评论家米勒在《小说与重复》中写道:“对一部小说的阐释,在一定程度上要通过注意诸如此类重复出现的现象来完成。”理解了这种“重复”与“频次”,也就拿到了打开小说艺术的钥匙。比如,马尔克斯的《百年孤独》中,奥雷连诺上校反复制作又销毁小金鱼的细节,似乎在象征着人类永不停息地劳作、永不停息地抗争,但这种抗争又是徒劳的。这个多频次的细节描写实现了制造悬念、推进叙事、前后呼应的效果。
B.众人见黛玉年貌虽小,其举止言谈不俗,身体面庞虽怯弱不胜,却有一段自然的风流态度,便知他有不足之症。(曹雪芹《红楼梦•林黛玉进贾府》)
C.虽是乡村地方,河边却也有几树桃花柳树,红红绿绿,间杂好看。看了一会儿,周进(人名)见下雨,转入门内,望着雨下在河里,烟笼远树。(吴敬梓《儒林外史》)
D.方离柳坞,乍出花房。但行处,鸟惊庭树;将到时,影度回廊。靥笑春桃兮,云堆翠髻;唇绽樱颗兮,榴齿含香。纤腰之楚楚兮,回风舞雪。(曹雪芹《红楼梦•警幻仙姑赋》)
(选自《光明日报》2024年02月14日,有删节)
3.第⑥段中的加点词“暗渡陈仓”在文中指__________________________。
4.下列选项最适合作为论据来支撑第②段画线句观点的一项是( )
A.李小二道:“五短身材,白净面皮,没有髭须,约有三十余岁。那跟的也不长大,紫棠色面皮。”(施耐庵《林教头风雪山神庙》)
①互联网技术的提升,智能终端的快速发展
②短视频的爆发式增长,技术支撑是重要原因之一
③如手机和App的技术优化,使视频拍摄和剪辑的烦琐过程得到简化,门槛被降低,普通用户就能轻易在网络平台发布自己的作品
④4G、5G网络的普及,应用程序内部的不断优化等技术的革新,为短视频的快速发展奠定了基础
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徐汇、松江、金山区2015届高三4月学习能力诊断(二模)语文试题考生注意:1.本考试设试卷和答题卷两部分,试卷包括试题与答题要求,所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题卷上,做在试卷上一律不得分。
2.考试时间150分钟。
试卷满分150分。
一阅读 80分(一)阅读下文,完成第1-6题。
(17分)经典谁说了算王乾坤①很难说我们所处的是一个“去经典”还是“趋经典”的时代。
有一点可以肯定,这是一个不太吝啬“经典”名词的时代。
那么,什么是经典?经典由谁说了算?②通常的回答是:权威说了算或大众说了算。
但深通艺术之堂奥的人既不看重权势的眼色,也不在意大众的褒贬,他们心里明白:权威认定、大众评判也许不可或缺,但一切有形的人为裁判只有在文学合法性的前提下,才可能是有效的。
换言之,他们在乎的或敬畏的,是文学本身的法权。
③文学的自然法不是任何一种成文的文学法则,而是一种无形的天则。
“俯察人事,仰.观天则...。
”人事俯身可察,天则是需要仰观的。
由“自然法”来言事物的合法性本是天经地义。
可是在文明史上,天经地义的天则被各种偏见所干扰反倒成了常态。
五花八门的政治观、道德观、科学观、文化观、历史观以种种集体偶像的强势向文学越权,任意在这个领域封号经典,成了由来已久的“常态”。
④现当代,影响文学创作和评论的有两种思潮:一是认为世界是按照优胜劣汰的进化论定律演进的,二是认为权力可以决定一切。
这两种思潮交合成一种集体无意识:优胜在于权力,劣汰在于无权力。
于是,话语权如拜物教一般左右着创作家和评论家,从事文学艺术的匠人们使出浑身解数,不顾一切地调动可能的权力让自己的声音足够强大,最好是压倒一切成为中心。
⑤可惜,话语权或其他权力决定论不能解释中外文学的经典史,只要检索一些古今中外文学巨匠们弱势的社会身份或话语权状况就能验证。
⑥那么进入文苑的小说多得是,为什么能被认定经典的是此而不是彼?是谁在进行这种无形的筛选?答案只能在文学合法性中寻求。
以《红楼梦》为例,王国维们的鼓吹改变了这部小说的接受史,乃至现代“红学”横空出世。
王国维、胡适、鲁迅是著名学人,如果他们的评论算是一种话语权造势,那么这种话语权充其量只是在传播学、解释学意义上影响到了经典的价值实现。
即便没有王国维们,《红楼梦》依然是经典。
⑦权力不是可以一部三流作品得头奖吗?不是可以让一部非文学作品成为教程上的“文学名著”吗?这当然是事实。
据说苏联当年只要经最最权杖点化,一部作品便可获“斯大林文学奖”。
然而无情的是,文学的自然法不承认这般评奖和排序,总是根据自己的尺度对作品重新甄别与拣选,它可以亳不费力地将专权者和文化把头们合力钦定的“样板”从读者视线中悄无声息地抹去。
⑧此外还有一种权力假象。
比如莫言先生获“诺奖”让很多人习惯地与“国力”联系起来,并且欢欣鼓舞。
这不能说一点根据都没有,但由此认为文学经典与经济政治强国之间水涨船高,则不只是错觉,而且是可笑的。
这是两条轨迹。
《变形记》《安徒生童话》《堂吉诃德》的作者哪一位出生或者来自大国强国?相反的例子也有,比如海明威、莫泊桑、梭罗,谁能证明《老人与海》《项链》《瓦尔登湖》是借势于或受庇于超级大国而产生的?⑨如果说优胜劣汰是一条法则,那么此之“优”者,最后“说了算的”是文学的合法性......,没有别的权力能让一部作品最终“胜”或“汰”。
这种合法性不也是一种权力吗?当然是,而且是权力之本原。
它无言也无形,可它在背后支配一切。
⑩敬畏“天则”绝非轻慢“人为”,二者不是可以完全割裂的两种对象,而后者也绝不只是无足轻重的。
天则不是实在性对象,没有人为,天则无所寄寓。
在当下语境中强调前者,是就当下的问题而言。
不过是说,人不可以妄用“人为”,应该自知权限在哪里。
1.第③段加点短语“仰观天则”在文中的意思是______________________________。
(2分)2.概括第④段的段意。
(2分)3.把下列语句组织起来填入第⑤段方框处,语意连贯的一项是()(3分)①他们是帝国的臣民、草民,不仅不懂人有发表言论的“公也没有想到由此获得掌控别人言论的“权力”。
②没有领袖钦定,没有权威推荐,没有大众投票或“点击率”,没有资本推动,更没有文化殖民,等等。
③也就是说,这些文人无聊时空留纸上的那些文字成为经典,与包括话语权在内的权力谋求没有关联。
④向称为中国古代小说“四大经典”的《西游记》《三国演义》《水浒传》《红楼梦》,没有任何一部是靠文学本身之外的力量赢得话语权而成为经典的。
⑤总之,这些书呆子没有与任何意义上的权力合谋,他们甚至没有凭借小说成名的动机。
A.①②⑤④③B.②③①⑤C.①⑤③②④D.④②⑤①⑨4.根据文意,下列有关“经典”的表述正确的一项是( )(2分)A.经典的认定,一切人为裁判和干预都是无效的。
B.被认定为经典的作品与其作者的弱势身份有关。
C.著名学术权威的话语权使经典的价值得以实现。
D.经典依靠文学本身的力量和规律赢得了话语权。
5.联系全文,分析第⑩段的作用。
(3分)6.探究第⑨段加点短语的具体内涸,以文中某一作品为例作阐释。
(5分)(二)阅读下文,完成第7-12题。
(20分)咳嗽天鹅铁凝①天是越来越冷了,刘富早上醒来就想着院子里那只天鹅,得赶紧送去动物园。
②这时西屋传来香改的咳嗽声。
香改是刘富的老婆,能干却生性邋遢。
每次刘富要找件衣服就很不耐烦。
一拉开柜门,里边的衣服裤子犹如洪水猛兽奔涌而出,劈头盖脸倾泻在刘富身上。
为了这个他和香改一直闹离婚,香改抗不住刘富的坚决,有一天气急地说:“离就离,缺了鸡蛋还不做槽子糕了!”话没说完突然咳嗽起来,从此这咳嗽就没断过。
③刘富洗漱完毕,来到院里朝东窗根望望,那儿有个半人高的小窝棚,是刘富给天鹅搭的。
两个月前刘富和镇长去了一趟内蒙古蓝旗看亲戚,临走时亲戚用个竹筐把这只从芦苇丛里拾来的病天鹅塞进“奇瑞”的后备厢。
回家后镇长说没工夫管病鹅,就把“麻烦”留给了刘富。
④刘富的女儿正念初中,欢喜着上网查天鹅的资料,对照着这只活生生的鹅,她得出结论:它的学名叫大天鹅,也叫咳声天鹅,属鸟纲,鸭科。
全球易危物种,国家二级保护动物。
女儿把这些信息告诉刘富,刘富记住了咳声天鹅四个字,只是把咳声天鹅听成了咳嗽天鹅,从此没改口。
⑤天鹅整天不吃不喝,无精打采的,刘富对它很不耐烦,但还是和女儿琢磨怎么给它治病。
网上说天鹅容易患肠胃炎,刘富观察后猜这只鹅说不定得的是肠胃炎,就大胆给它用氟哌酸加黄连素,只两天,这鹅竟然吃了喝了,那咳嗽一般的叫声也亮堂了。
天鹅养了些日子,显出和刘富挺亲,每天早晨刘富一出屋门,它准在东窗根的窝棚里咳、咳、咳地大叫几声,问好似的,这时,西屋的香改也会咳嗽起来,好似和天鹅比着赛。
刘富不为天鹅的“问候”所动,他只觉得自己倒霉,稀里糊涂家里就添了女人的咳嗽和咳嗽的天鹅。
⑥转眼间,天鹅来到刘富的家已经两个多月。
一天早晨,刘富迎接了天鹅的问候之后,见它岁履踉跄地从窝棚里钻出来,站也站不稳,走又走不好。
刘富蹲在地上仔细观察,原来天鹅的脚蹼干裂了。
刘富的脚就在这时也突然不自在起来,脚趾缝之间像有利刃在切割,凉飕飕地刺痛。
女儿放学回来,刘富催她赶快上网再查,原来天鹅离开水过久脚蹼就会皴裂。
刘富这才用心想想“候乌”这个词。
天鹅是候鸟,小镇既寒冷又没水,能管天鹅一时,却管不了它的一世。
⑦哪里能管它的—世呢?刘富问女儿。
女儿想了想说:动物园。
⑧省城动物固有个天鹅馆。
刘富查看网上的图片,见天鹅们成双结对地在天鹅馆的水池里自在地嬉戏。
女儿查到了天鹅馆的电话,通话后对方同意接受这只天鹅。
⑨晚上,刘富对香改说明天你也跟我去趟省城,你那咳嗽从来也没好好治过,离婚之前,我得给你把咳嗽治好。
香改咳、咳两声没说话,刘富只当是同意。
⑩这天一早,刘富把天鹅装进当初那个竹筐,让天鹅和香改都坐在后排座上直奔动物园。
天鹅馆的景班长出来迎他。
刘富把竹筐放在地上说,看它这脚蹼裂的,快让它进水里泡泡吧。
景班长说不急,我们先要给它体检,这是规定。
说话间两个穿灰大褂的工作人员就领走了刘富的天鹅。
⑪在池边溜达了一会儿,景班长引刘富进了池旁一间小屋,说就在这吃了饭再走,这大冷的天……一会儿一只热气腾腾的黑铁锅端了上来,锅里炖着灰褐色的肉。
景班长举起筷子冲着铁锅对刘富说,来,尝尝鲜。
刘富问这是鸭呀?景班长说是鹅,就你送来的那只鹅。
刘富放下筷子,似懂未懂盯着景班长。
班长解释说,动物园医生为这只天鹅做了体检,它太老了,足有25岁了,脏器老化养着它成本太高。
刘富问多老算是老啊?景班长说天鹅寿命在25岁左右,你说它老不老?刘富说可它正活着哪。
⑫刘富不记得自己是怎么离开天鹅馆的,只记得他摔了饭碗。
当他发动车子时,才觉出从脚趾缝传来一阵阵钝痛,像被长了锈的锯子在割锯,这钝痛从下往上弥浸开来。
该怨谁呢,他想不清楚。
回到家又怎么向女儿交代呢,他更想不清楚。
这时从后排座上传出一阵咳嗽声,刘富心里一惊:这不是我那咳嗽天鹅吗?‘他的脖子僵直着不敢回头,生怕一回头那咳嗽声便消失了。
但咳嗽声没有消失,只是由咳、咳、咳变成了吭、吭、吭,像是怕人不耐烦捂住了嘴。
刘富迟疑地扭转头,他看见了歪坐在那里不急不火的香改。
⑬刘富真的记不起香改还在车上等着他。
早上来时他是想着在离婚前给香改治好咳嗽的。
是啊,咳嗽,刘富曾经那么厌恶咳嗽声,每当女人和鹅同时在院子里咳嗽起来,他就觉得他的生活纷杂、烦乱。
可就在刚才,____________________________。
⑭刘富发动了“奇瑞”要快些回家。
他想,往后给香改治咳嗽还有的是时间,又为什么非在今天不可呢?16.简析第②段插叙的作用。
(3分)17.第⑧段描写天鹅馆的图片,其用意是______________________________________。
(3分)18.阅读第⑥段与第⑫段画线句,辨析刘富心理上的差异。
(3分)10.下列对小说中的人物分析正确的一项是( )(3分)A.香改作为小说重要人物,贯穿情节的始终,不可或缺。
B.女儿热心救护保护动物,与香改、镇长形成明显反差。
C..班长待人热情,照章办事,处置年老天鹅合情合理。
D.富待人接物很“不耐烦”,但照顾病鹅时胆大心细。
11.想象刘富的心理活动,填写在第⑬段的横线上。
(2分)12.赏析小说以“咳嗽天鹅”为线索在结构和内容上的作用。
(6分)(三)默写。
(任选6空填写,超过6空,按前6空评分)(6分)13.①对潇潇暮雨洒江天,____________________。
(柳永《八声甘州》)②____________________,巴山夜雨涨秋池。
(李商隐《夜雨寄北》)③家住吴门,____________________。
(周邦彦《苏幕遮》)④____________________,其为惑也,终不解矣。
(韩愈《师说))⑤山水之乐,____________________。