大学语法-ed分词

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3__-ing分词_ed-分词

3__-ing分词_ed-分词
School of Foreign Studies
-ing 分词和-ed 分词



1、主语 注意:此时,主语和表语要同时采用-ING分词或同时采用 不定式形式,即平行结构,否则被认为不正确。但在动词 seem, prove, appear后面,通常只跟to be。 Climbing the mountain seems to be hopeless, for it’s raining hard. 用it 作形式主语, -ING分词用在下列结构中: It is/was + 特定adj. / n. + -ing分词 Adj. : nice, better, foolish, enjoyable, fun, good, useless n. : any /some/no good, any /some /no use, a waste of time Is it any good trying to explain? It’s no use crying over spilt milk. .




(5) begin, start 下列情况只能用to do 作宾语 begin, start 本身为进行体: I was beginning to get angry. 如所接动词为表示心理活动的动词,如 understand, realize, know等。 They began to realize what she really want. 如所接动词后又要加不定式,则前一动词用ING分词,以避免重复。 They began deciding to do….




1.有明显的先后 Having noted down our names and addresses, the policeman dismissed us. I was unable to go with you, having promised to accompany my girlfriend to the concert. 2. 无明显的先后 Locking the door, he went home. Hearing the joke, we burst out laughing. 比较: Finding the door locked, I went home. (时间) I went home, finding the door locked. (结果) 分词动作晚于谓语动作,此时分词短语要置于句末。

英语 -ED分词 的用法

英语 -ED分词 的用法

-ED分词-ED分词-ED分词(-ED Participle)即传统语法所指的“过去分词”(Past Participle), 是非限定动词之一。

-ED分词有两种形式:规则动词形式和不规则动词形式。

规则动词形式由规则动词+-ED 构成;不规则动词有其特殊的-ED分词。

在语法功能上,它在句子中所能承担的成分基本与-ING 分词相同,可以作表语,定语,状语,也可以用在复合结构中,不管它作什么成分,其最基本的含义是“被动”的。

-ED分词在语法功能和意义上与-ING分词有一定的区别。

一、-ED分词与-ING分词的区别虽然在语法功能上,-ED分词在句子中所能承担的成分基本与-ING分词相同,但在意义上两者有差别:-ED分词表示被动的意义而-ING分词则表示主动的意义;-ED分词表示已经完成和被动的动作而-ING分词则表示一般性的或正在进行的动作,在表现形式上,-ING分词有“一般式”和“完成式”与“主动式”和“被动式”之分;而-ED分词只有一种形式。

下边我们分析-ING 分词与-ED分词在语法功用上的区别。

1. 作表语时,-ING分词表示主语所具有的特征而-ED分词表示主语所处的状态The book is quite interesting. I am interested in the book very much.The play is more exciting than any I have ever seen.That piece of land lay deserted.2. 作状语时-ING分词表示主语正在进行的另一动作而-ED分词则表示主语发生动作的背景或情况1) Having been served lunch,_________ .[A]the problem was discussed by the members of the committee[B]the committee members discussed the problem[C]it was discussed by the committee members the problem[D]a discussion of the problem was made by the members of the committee (B) 2) _______for her anthropological(人类学的) research,Margaret Mead also was involved with(涉及) the World Federation for Mental Health.[A] She is noted primarily[B] Noted primarily[C] Primarily is noted[D] She primarily noted (B)3) Considered one of the leading poets in America today,___________ .[A]a number of books and plays have also been written by Sonia Sanchez[B]Sonia Sanchez has also written a number of books and plays[C]a number of Sonia Sanchez's books and plays have been written[D]there have been a number of books and plays written by Sonia Sanchez (B) 3. 作定语时,①-ING分词表示正在进行的动作,而-ED分词表示动作发生在谓语动词之前;②-ING分词表示它所修饰的词经常或当时的状态,而-ED分词则没有时间性;③-ING分词表示主动,而-ED分词表示被动Identify and correct:1)The boiled [A]point of any liquid [ B]is determined[C]by the pressure [D]of the surrounding gases. 将boiled 改成boiling2)High-grade [A]written [B]paper is frequently [C]obtained [D]from cotton rags.将written 改成writing3)Scientists [A]still cannot find [B]any convinced[C]link between intelligence [D]and the quantity or quality of brain cells. 将convinced 改成convincing解析:1)A错。

英语-ED分词的用法

英语-ED分词的用法

-ED分词-ED分词-ED分词(-ED Participle)即传统语法所指的“过去分词”(Past Participle), 是非限定动词之一。

-ED分词有两种形式:规则动词形式和不规则动词形式。

规则动词形式由规则动词+-ED 构成;不规则动词有其特殊的-ED分词。

在语法功能上,它在句子中所能承担的成分基本与-ING 分词相同,可以作表语,定语,状语,也可以用在复合结构中,不管它作什么成分,其最基本的含义是“被动”的。

-ED分词在语法功能和意义上与-ING分词有一定的区别。

一、-ED分词与-ING分词的区别虽然在语法功能上,-ED分词在句子中所能承担的成分基本与-ING分词相同,但在意义上两者有差别:-ED分词表示被动的意义而-ING分词则表示主动的意义;-ED分词表示已经完成和被动的动作而-ING分词则表示一般性的或正在进行的动作,在表现形式上,-ING分词有“一般式”和“完成式”与“主动式”和“被动式”之分;而-ED分词只有一种形式。

下边我们分析-ING 分词与-ED分词在语法功用上的区别。

1. 作表语时,-ING分词表示主语所具有的特征而-ED分词表示主语所处的状态The book is quite interesting. I am interested in the book very much.The play is more exciting than any I have ever seen.That piece of land lay deserted.2. 作状语时-ING分词表示主语正在进行的另一动作而-ED分词则表示主语发生动作的背景或情况1) Having been served lunch,_________ .[A]the problem was discussed by the members of the committee[B]the committee members discussed the problem[C]it was discussed by the committee members the problem[D]a discussion of the problem was made by the members of the committee (B)2) _______for her anthropological(人类学的) research,Margaret Mead also was involved with(涉及) the World Federation for Mental Health.[A] She is noted primarily[B] Noted primarily[C] Primarily is noted[D] She primarily noted (B)3) Considered one of the leading poets in Americatoday,___________ .[A]a number of books and plays have also been written by Sonia Sanchez[B]Sonia Sanchez has also written a number of books and plays[C]a number of Sonia Sanchez's books and plays have been written[D]there have been a number of books and plays written by Sonia Sanchez (B)3. 作定语时,①-ING分词表示正在进行的动作,而-ED分词表示动作发生在谓语动词之前;②-ING分词表示它所修饰的词经常或当时的状态,而-ED分词则没有时间性;③-ING分词表示主动,而-ED分词表示被动Identify and correct:1)The boiled [A]point of any liquid [ B]is determined[C]by the pressure [D]of the surrounding gases. 将boiled 改成boiling2)High-grade [A]written [B]paper is frequently [C]obtained [D]from cotton rags.将written 改成writing3)Scientists [A]still cannot find [B]any convinced[C]link between intelligence [D] and the quantity or quality of brain cells. 将convinced 改成convincing解析:1)A错。

大学语法-ed分词

大学语法-ed分词

上述带从属连词的-ed分词分句也可以看作是一种省 略从属分句,省略的部分总是”主语+be的一定形 式“,省略的主语即分句逻辑主语。
一、现在分词和过去分词的区别
• 现在分词和过去分词的区别主要体现在语态和时 间概念上。总体而言,现在分词表示主动和进行, 过去分词表示被动和完成。例如: • He cut himself while shaving.他刮胡子的时候刮 伤了脸(相对于主语而言,现在分词表示主动) • Seen from the top of the hill,the park looks even more beautiful。从山顶看下去,这个公园更 加漂亮(相对于主语而言,过去分词表示被动) • We have to be more flexible when facing the challenges from the changing world.当面对来自 变化的世界的挑战时,我们需要更灵活。(facing 表示主动,changing表示进行)
-ed分词作前置修饰语
1.来自及物动词的-ed分词作前置修饰语
• 来自及物动词的-ed分词作前置修饰语通常 带有被动意义和完成一一;而能作上述用 法的-ing分词有的来自及物动词,有的来自 不及物动词,通常带有主动意义和未完成 意义。试比较: • Frozen food a freezing wind • A bored traveller a boring journey • A lost cause a losing battle
有些-ed分词通常不能单独用作前置修饰语,但若加 前缀un-或者为副词所修饰而构成“副词+-ed分词” 的复合形容词以后,便可作前置修饰语。例如:
• Uninvited guests • Untold sufferings • Unheard-of stories

语法讲座之-ed分词

语法讲座之-ed分词

语法讲座之-ed分词基本概念1. 分词的定义动词的-ed分词即过去分词,是由动词的过去分词构成,一般只有一种形式。

2. 过去分词的语法作用:过去分词一方面具有动词的性质,另一方面也相当于一个形容词或副词,在句中可以作表语、定语、状语和补足语。

1) 过去分词作表语,主要表示主语的心理感觉或所处的状态。

如:Dont touch the glass because it is broken. 不要碰那个杯子,它是坏的。

He is quite pleased with the design of the dress.她很喜欢那礼服的式样。

2) 过去分词做定语:单个的过去分词作定语一般放在名词的前面,相当于一个定语从句。

如:The excited people rushed into the building.激动的人们奔进了大楼。

We need more qualified teachers.我们需要更多合格的教师。

过去分词短语作定语通常放在被修饰的词后面,相当于一个定语从句。

如:Is there anything planned for tomorrow? 明天有什么活动吗?The suggestion made by the foreign expert was adopted by the manager. 外国专家提出来的建议被经理采纳了。

过去分词作定语也可用作非限制性定语,前后用逗号隔开。

如:The books, written by Lu Xun, are popular with many Chinese people.这些书是鲁迅写的,受到了许多中国人民的喜爱。

The meeting, attended by one thousand students, was a success. 这次会议获得很大的成功,共有一千个学生出席了。

3) 过去分词做状语:过去分词和-ing分词作状语一样,也可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。

ed分词的用法总结

ed分词的用法总结

ed分词的用法总结一、什么是ED分词二、ED分词的基本用法1. 表示过去完成2. 表示被动语态3. 表示状态或性质一、什么是ED分词在英语中,动词的原形和过去式往往是不同的,而过去式通常使用“-ed”结尾。

这种以“-ed”结尾的形式被称为ED分词。

它不仅可以表示动作发生的时间,还可以用来描述状态、性质等,因此在英语中起着非常重要的作用。

二、ED分词的基本用法1. 表示过去完成ED分词最常见且基本的用法之一就是表示过去完成。

这种用法通常与助动词"have"或"had"连用,构成了现在完成时和过去完成时。

例如:- I have finished my homework.(我已经完成了我的作业。

)- She had done the housework before her mother came back.(她妈妈回来之前,她已经做完了家务。

)2. 表示被动语态另一个常见而重要的用法是表示被动语态。

通过将主动语态中的谓语动词转换为对应的ED分词形式,并辅以“be”系列助动词进行构成。

例如:- The book was written by Mark Twain.(这本书是马克·吐温写的。

)- The car was repaired by the mechanic.(汽车被修理工修好了。

)3. 表示状态或性质除了表示动作的完成和被动语态,ED分词还能够用来描述某个事物的状态或属性。

例如:- She was excited to receive the award.(她因获得奖项而激动。

)- The broken window needs to be fixed.(破窗户需要修理。

)以上仅是ED分词的基本用法,实际上它具有更多的变化和用途。

比如,ED 分词还可以用作形容词来修饰名词。

总结起来,ED分词在英语中使用广泛,除了表达过去完成的动作和被动语态外,还可以描述状态、性质等。

语法-ed分词

语法-ed分词

过去分词作状语时, 为了使意义更加明确,也可以在pp 前加上对应的连词when, as, if 等等.
1. When asked why he didn’t do it, he began to cry. 2. If given more time, I’ll catch up with you. 3. As / Because born and brought up in the village, he knows a lot of people there. 4. Although defeated many times, they continue to fight. 注意:带有连词的过去分词结构相当于一个省略句, ____________________________ _______________________________ 省略的部分为主语+be的相应变化形式.
非 谓 语 动 词Βιβλιοθήκη to dodoing
过去分词 done
动名词 现在分词
分词
主动 正在进行 现在分词: 表示动作是____的和_________的 被动 完成 过去分词: 表示动作是____的和_______的
定语 ____、 宾语补足语 、 分词在句中可以作____、表语 ________ 状语 和 ____。
【及时巩固】:过去分词充当定语、 表语和宾语补足语
interested 4. I am _________ (感兴趣) in the story. 5. I haven’t got the film developed (冲洗)yet. ________ 6. A breaking cup is lying on the floor.(改错) breaking改为broken 7. The meeting holds yesterday was very important. (改错)

动词-ed分词的用法讲解

动词-ed分词的用法讲解

动词-ed分词得用法一、基本概念1、分词得定义1、动词得-ed分词即过去分词,就是由动词得过去分词构成,一般只有一种形式。

2、过去分词得语法作用:过去分词一方面具有动词得性质,另一方面也相当于一个形容词或副词(相当于被动语),在句中可以作表语、定语、状语与补足语。

1)过去分词作表语,主要表示主语得心理感觉或所处得状态。

如:Don't touch theglass becauseit isbroken、不要碰那个杯子,它就是坏得(它就是被打坏得).Heis quite pleased with thedesign of the dress、她很喜欢那礼服得式样。

2) 过去分词做定语:单个得过去分词作定语一般放在名词得前面,相当于一个定语从句。

如:The excited people rushedinto the building、激动得人们奔进了大楼.(excitedpeople被激动了得人)W e need more qualified teachers、我们需要更多合格得教师。

(被资质认证过得老师,或经过资质认证得老师。

)过去分词短语作定语通常放在被修饰得词后面,相当于一个定语从句.如:Is there anything planned for tomorrow?明天有什么活动吗?Thesuggestion madeby the foreignexpert wasadopted by the manager、外国专家提出来得建议被经理采纳了。

过去分词作定语也可用作非限制性定语,前后用逗号隔开。

如:The books,written by Lu Xun,are popular withmany Chinese people、这些书就是鲁迅写得,受到了许多中国人民得喜爱。

The meeting,attended by one thousand students,was asucces s、这次会议获得很大得成功,共有一千个学生出席了.3) 过去分词做状语:—ed分词与-ing分词作状语一样,也可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。

ed-分词

ed-分词
Grammar
1.作状语
过 去 分 词
2.作定语 3.作宾补 4.作表语
过去分词
过去分词是非谓语动词的一种形式, 表示完成和被动的动作。它在句子 中可以充当状语、定语,表语和宾 补等成分。
动词-ed形式的特征
1 动词-ed形式表示已完成的动作。 除了作形容词用的动词-ed形式外,动词-ed 形式可带有完成的意义,有的同时也带有被动的 意义。 Born and brought up in the countryside, he was interested in biology. One of the glasses was found broken. The books, written by Lu Xun, are popular with many Chinese people.
过去分词作定语
过去分词作定语与其所修饰的词之间
存在着逻辑上的被动关系, 且表示该动
作已经完成。单个的过去分词作定语, 通常置于被修饰的词的前面, 而分词短 语作定语, 则须置于被修饰词的后面。
C 动词-ed形式作定语
1 前置定语 单个动词-ed形式作定语一般放在被修饰的名 词之前,作前置定语。 A watched pot never boils. All the broken doors and windows have been repaired. When we arrived, we each were given a printed question paper. 提 示 如要表示强调,单个动词-ed形式也可作后置定 语。Money spent is more than money earned.
③动词-ed形式作keep或leave的宾语补足语。 They all went home, leaving all the work undone.

ed分词英语语法详解

ed分词英语语法详解

ed分词英语语法详解1一、-ED分词作表语The glass is broken. / He was amused. / She seemed quite disappointed. / He is greatly discouraged by her refusal of inviting her to the party. / The window remains locked.已经形容词化了的-ED分词大都作表语,常见的有:accomplished, amazed, amused, astonished, broken, closed, completed, complicated, confused, crowded, deserted, devoted, disappointed, discouraged, dressed, drunk, exhausted, excited, experienced, fadded, fascinated, frightened, hurt, inexperienced, interested, known, learned, lost, married, pleased, puzzled, qualified, satisfied, surprised, tired, unprepared, unqualified, unkown, upset, worried, wounded等。

二、作定语的-ED分词-ED分词可以作前置定语也可以作后置定语,作后置定语时相当于一个定语从句1) Commercial banks make most of their income from interest on loans and investments in stocks and bonds.[A] earn [B] earned [C] to earn[D] was earned2) On his return from his college, he found the house .[A] deserting[B] deserted[C] desert[D] to be deserted3) The age [A] of a geological sample can be estimated [B] from the ratio of radioactive to nonradioactive carbon present [C] in the object is examined [D] .ed分词英语语法详解2三、用作状语的-ED分词这样的-ED分词通常来自及物动词。

ed分词的用法总结 (2)

ed分词的用法总结 (2)

ed分词的用法总结一、什么是ED分词?ED分词是英语中的一种动词形态,由动词原形加上-ed构成。

它在句子中常用作动词的过去式和过去分词形式。

ED分词在英语语法中具有重要的地位,被广泛应用于时态和语态的表达、完成时的构成以及被动语态等方面。

二、ED分词的时态和语态表达1. 过去式:当我们需要表示过去发生的动作或情况时,可以使用ED分词形式。

例如,"I studied English last night."(昨晚我学习了英语。

)2. 过去分词:在进行完成时表达或与其他动词结合使用时,我们通常使用过去分词形式。

例如,“She has finished her homework.”(她已经完成了她的作业。

)三、ED分词与完成时的构成1. 现在完成时:现在完成时由助动词have/has加上过去分词构成。

例如,“I have seen that movie.”(我看过那部电影。

)2. 过去完成时:过去完成时由助动词had加上过去分词构成。

例如,“They had already left when I arrived.”(当我到达时,他们已经离开了。

)四、ED分词与被动语态1. 被动语态的构成:被动语态由助动词be加上过去分词构成。

例如,“The book was written by a famous author.”(这本书是由一位著名作家写的。

)2. 被动语态的用途:被动语态常用于强调动作承受者或避免指责某个特定人。

例如,“Mistakes were made.”(有错误发生了。

)五、ED分词的其他常见用法和注意事项除了以上所述的基本用法之外,ED分词还有一些其他常见的应用。

1. 形容词:ED分词可以用作形容词来描述人或物,表示他们经历过某种状态或行为。

例如,“I am interested in this book.”(我对这本书感兴趣。

)2. 名词:ED分词还可以用作名词,表示一个描述性质或者情况的名词概念。

22讲ed 分词

22讲ed 分词

22讲ed 分词
过去分词(past participle) 前置修饰语(premodifier) 主语补语(subiect complement ) 宾语(object)
来自及物动词的ed分词做前置修饰语:
来自及物动词的ed分词作前置修饰语通常带有被动意义和完成意义。

而ing用法的通常带有主动意义和为完成意义Eg: forzen food a freezing wind
有些ed分词不能单独用作前置修饰语,但若加上前缀un 或者是副词+ed分词的符合形容词以后,边可做前置修饰语Eg: untold suffering badly-bulit house
来自不及物动词的ed分词做前置修饰语:
来自不及物动词的ed分词很少做做前置修饰语,仅限于以下几种,只表示是未完成意思,不表被动
Retired escaped faded withered fallen expired risen retrmed vanished grown
P252
Ed分词作宾语补语的动词分类:
1,see hear feel find think等表示感觉和心理状态的动词:
I saw the student assembled in the hall。

2,make get have keep等表示致使意义的动词:
I have my hair cut every ten day。

3,like wish want oder等表示希望要求命令等意义的动词:
I don't want any of you involved in the scandal。

语法结构-ed分词

语法结构-ed分词

内容提要-ED分词即我们平常所说的动词过去分词。

它有两种形式:规则动词形式和不规则动词形式。

规则动词形式由规则动词+-ED 构成;不规则动词有其特殊的-ED分词。

在语法功能上,它在句⼦中所能承担的成分基本与-ING分词相同,可以作表语,定语,状语,也可以⽤在复合结构中,不管它作什么成分,其最基本的含义是“被动”的。

-ED分词在语法功能和意义上与-ING分词有⼀定的区别。

I -ED分词的⽤法⼀、-ED分词作表语The glass is broken. / He was amused. / She seemed quite disappointed. / He is greatly discouraged by her refusal of inviting her to the party. / The window remains locked.已经形容词化了的-ED分词⼤都作表语,常见的有:accomplished, amazed, amused, astonished, broken, closed, completed, complicated, confused, crowded, deserted, devoted, disappointed, discouraged, dressed, drunk, exhausted, excited, experienced, fadded, fascinated, frightened, hurt, inexperienced, interested, known, learned, lost, married, pleased, puzzled, qualified, satisfied, surprised, tired, unprepared, unqualified, unkown, upset, worried, wounded等。

⼆、作定语的-ED分词-ED分词可以作前置定语也可以作后置定语,作后置定语时相当于⼀个定语从句1) Commercial banks make most of their income from interest on loans and investments in stocks and bonds.[A] earn[B] earned[C] to earn[D] was earned2) On his return from his college, he found the house .[A] deserting[B] deserted[C] desert[D] to be deserted3) The age [A] of a geological sample can be estimated [B] from the ratio of radioactive to nonradioactive carbon present [C] in the object is examined [D] .三、⽤作状语的-ED分词这样的-ED分词通常来⾃及物动词。

ed分词英语语法详解

ed分词英语语法详解

ed分词英语语法详解1一、-ED分词作表语The glass is broken. / He was amused. / She seemed quite disappointed. / He is greatly discouraged by her refusal of inviting her to the party. / The window remains locked.已经形容词化了的-ED分词大都作表语,常见的有:accomplished, amazed, amused, astonished, broken, closed, completed, complicated, confused, crowded, deserted, devoted, disappointed, discouraged, dressed, drunk, exhausted, excited, experienced, fadded, fascinated, frightened, hurt, inexperienced, interested, known, learned, lost, married, pleased, puzzled, qualified, satisfied, surprised, tired, unprepared, unqualified, unkown, upset, worried, wounded等。

二、作定语的-ED分词-ED分词可以作前置定语也可以作后置定语,作后置定语时相当于一个定语从句1) Commercial banks make most of their income from interest on loans and investments in stocks and bonds.[A] earn [B] earned [C] to earn[D] was earned2) On his return from his college, he found the house .[A] deserting[B] deserted[C] desert[D] to be deserted3) The age [A] of a geological sample can be estimated [B] from the ratio of radioactive to nonradioactive carbon present [C] in the object is examined [D] .ed分词英语语法详解2三、用作状语的-ED分词这样的-ED分词通常来自及物动词。

强烈推荐-ed分词系表结构和被动语态的区别(英语语法)

强烈推荐-ed分词系表结构和被动语态的区别(英语语法)

-ed分词系表结构和被动语态的区别-ed分词这个结构在英语表达中是常见的。

它既可以是系表结构,又可以是被动语态。

因此,我们可以称之为静动句的混合体。

静句是用来描写事物的性质或状态的。

动句是用来描写动作及动作过程。

由于在表达形式上这两种结构是一样的,都由be +ed分词构成,这样就给区别系表结构和被动语态带来了麻烦。

现将几种区别方法归纳如下:一.从动词的性质来区分英语中的不及物动词不用于被动语态。

但是,不及物动词的过去分词可以和动词be连用构成系表结构。

在这个结构中,过去分词只表示动作已经完成。

强调事物的状态。

常见的这种形式不及物动词有:gone,come,arrived,fallen,retired,startled,vexed,mistaken等。

这些不及物动词都具有描述性质。

例如:Her fever is gone,but she still feels weak.I shall be vexed if you keep mentioning it.The interviewer was quite mistaken about the incidents which happened in the campus.注意:如果构成分词的动词是一个持续性动词,不表示终极界限,不表示动作结果,而强调动作的持续性,在这种情况下谓语大多数是被动语态。

例如:All the books were carried to the library.Several students were honoured for their excellent performance in the English contest.二.从句子表达的内容来区分被动语态表示动作,句子的主语是动作的承受者;系表结构中的过去分词已基本上失去了动词的意义,只起到一个形容词的作用,在句子中作表语,说明主语的性质,或所具有的特征或所处的状态。

语法知识:动词的-ed形式

语法知识:动词的-ed形式

⼀、作表语 动词的-ed形式是动词的另⼀种⾮限定性形式,⼀般由动词加-ed构成。

-ed形式与-ing形式在句法功能上基本相同,从意义上看,两者却有差别:现在分词与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系,过去分词与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系;现在分词表⽰⼀般性或正在进⾏的动作,⽽过去分词则表⽰已经完成的动作。

过去分词作表语⼀般⽤来表⽰感受、状态(系词+分词)。

如: We were very interested in the novel she gave us yesterday. 我们对她昨天给我们的⼩说⾮常感兴趣。

She was quite frightened by the sudden noise outside the door. 她被门外突然的吵闹声吓住了。

可以⽤作表语的常见过去分词有:delighted, disappointed, upset, astonished, excited,frightened,experienced, interested, qualified, puzzled, exhausted, satisfied等。

⼆、作宾语补语 英语中可以带-ed分词作宾语补语的动词有: 1.表⽰感觉和⼼理状况的动词:think, hear, feel, see, watch等。

如: I have never heard this song sung in English. 我从来没有听到这⾸歌⽤英语唱过。

2.表⽰使役的动词:get, let, make, help等。

如: He made it known to everyone that he was right. 他使每个⼈都明⽩他是对的。

3.表⽰希望、要求等意义的动词:wish, want, like, order等。

如: He wants his composition to be read by every classmate. 他想每个同学都读他的作⽂。

ed-分词

ed-分词

比较: amusing encouraging disappointing exciting puzzling satisfying worrying tiring pleasing astonishing
amused encouraged disappointed excited puzzled satisfied worried tired pleased astonished
2 及物动词的-ed形式一般表示被动的意思。 Given more time, I could have solved that riddle. (句子的主语I和动词give之间是被动关系。) When you speak English, be sure to make yourself understood. (宾语yourself和宾语补足语understand之间是被 动关系。) The experience gained in the army was of great value to our study.
4 某些动词后(如want, need, prefer, would like 等),作宾语补足语的不定式被动形式省略 “to be”,就成了动词-ed形式作宾语补足语。 I would like this matter (to be) settled immediately. 我希望这事立即得到解决。 The peasants don't want good farmland (to be) built on. 农民们不想让好好的农田被用来建造房子。
④ 使役动词have后既可接动词-ed形式,也可接动 词不定式和动词-ing形式作宾语补足语。三者之间 有一定的区别。 ha不定式动作由宾语发出, 表示让某人做某事 I'm going to have the teacher answer this question after class. 我打算课后让老师回答这个问题。 1. 让某人做某事或让某种情况发生。 He had the car waiting outside. 他让小汽车在 外面等着。 2. 常用于否定结构,表示“不容忍”、“不能 让”。 We won„t have the child talking to his mother like that. 我们不能容忍那个孩子那样对他的妈妈说话。

英语专业语法ED分词讲解

英语专业语法ED分词讲解

第22讲-ED分词22.1 –ed分词作前置定语1.来自及物动词的-ed分词作前置定语来自及物动词的–ed分词作前置修饰语通常带有被动意义和完成意义,而能作上述用法的–ing分词有的来自及物动词,有的来自不及物动词通常带有主动意义和未完成意义。

frozen food a freezing wind有些-ed分词通常不能单独用作前置修饰语,但若加前缀un- 或者为副词所修饰而构成“副词+-ed”的复合形容词以后,便可作前置修饰语。

uninvited guests badly-built house2.来自不及物动词的-ed分词作前置修饰语来自不及物动词的-ed分词很少能单独用作前置修饰语,能作这种用法的仅限于下面几个词,这些前置修饰语仅表示完成意义,不表示被动意义。

A retired worker=a worker who has retired(escaped, faded, fallen, expired, risen, returned, vanished, grown)某些来自不及物动词的-ed分词,单独一个词不可以作前置修饰语,但若与某些副词构成符合形容词,便可作前置修饰语。

22.2-ed 分词作补语能用作补语的-ed分词也大都来自及物动词。

凡是已经形容词化了的-ed分词,大都可以既作名词修饰语又作主语补语或宾语补语。

The door remains locked.古英语遗留下来的几个-ed分词的用法问题。

1.古英语遗留下来的几个–ed分词的用法问题在现代英语中,还有少数从古英语遗留下来,现在只用作形容词的-ed分词,有的在形式上与一般的-ed分词不同,有的在用作名词修饰语或补语时各采2.可以带-ed分词作宾补的动词有以下三类第一类see, hear, feel, find, think等表示感觉和心理状态的动词:第二类make, get, have, keep 等表示“致使”意义的动词:注:在“have+宾语+-ed分词“这一结构中,have有三种不同意义We had the problem solved. 表致使,一种有意的行为。

英语 语 法 结 构 -ed分词

英语 语 法 结 构 -ed分词

英语语法结构-ed分词内容提要-ED分词即我们平常所说的动词过去分词。

它有两种形式:规则动词形式和不规则动词形式。

规则动词形式由规则动词+-ED构成;不规则动词有其特殊的-ED分词。

在语法功能上,它在句子中所能承担的成分基本与-ING分词相同,可以作表语,定语,状语,也可以用在复合结构中,不管它作什么成分,其最基本的含义是“被动”的。

-ED分词在语法功能和意义上与-ING分词有一定的区别。

I -ED分词的用法一、-ED分词作表语The glass is broken. / He was amused. / She seemed quite disappointed. / He is greatly discouraged by her refusal of inviting her to the party. / The window remains locked.已经形容词化了的-ED分词大都作表语,常见的有:accomplished, amazed, amused, astonished, broken, closed, completed, complicated, confused, crowded, deserted, devoted, disappointed, discouraged, dressed, drunk, exhausted, excited, experienced, fadded, fascinated, frightened, hurt, inexperienced, interested, known, learned, lost, married, pleased, puzzled, qualified, satisfied, surprised, tired, unprepared, unqualified, unkown, upset, worried, wounded等。

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1.This missile is designed so that once ____ nothing can be done to retrieve it A. fired B. being fired C. they fired D. having fired
• 1【A】句意:这个导弹是设计成一旦发射 出去,就无法截回。该句中过去分词fired作 时间状语,相当于once it is fired
• 作条件状语: • United,we stand;divided,we fall。 • Seen in this light,the matter is not as serious as people generally suppose。 • 作让步状语: • Left to his own devices,Charles did not relax his efforts • Beaten by the police and sent to jail, Gandhi invented the principle of nonviolent resistance. • 表示伴随状况: • I made a leisurely round of the town,fascinated by the construction going on everywhere。 • He went to Beijing that winter,disguised as a merchant。
第三类包括like,want,wish,order等表示希望, 要求,命令等意义的动词:
• I don’t want any of you (to be) involved in the scandal • He won’t like such questions (to be) discussed at the meeting • The commander ordered the army unit (to be) reorganized.
2.He wasn’t asked to take on the chairmanship of the society,___insufficiently popular with all members。 A. having considered B. was considered C. was being considered D .being considered • 【D】句意:考虑到他在协会所有成员中不 够知名,他没有被要求做协会的主席。该 句中being considered 作原因状语,由于主 语he 和consider的关系是被动关系,所以 用了现在分词的被动式。
Not a single case of T.B. was found in the x-rays studied(=that had beenstudied) • 第一第二例中的-ed分词分句的逻辑主语是主句 的主语,第三例的逻辑主语是介词补足成分the x-rays • B)带从属连词的-ed分词分句 • 这里所说的从属连词可以是when, though/although,as if/as though,if,even if, once,unless,until等。例如: • This dictionary will look nice when printed • Though surrounded,the guerillas were not discouraged • He threw himself from his horse and lay still as if shot
上述带从属连词的-ed分词分句也可以看作是一种省 略从属分句,省略的部分总是”主语+be的一定形 式“,省略的主语即分句逻辑主语。
一、现在分词和过去分词的区别
• 现在分词和过去分词的区别主要体现在语态和时 间概念上。总体而言,现在分词表示主动和进行, 过去分词表示被动和完成。例如: • He cut himself while shaving.他刮胡子的时候刮 伤了脸(相对于主语而言,现在分词表示主动) • Seen from the top of the hill,the park looks even more beautiful。从山顶看下去,这个公园更 加漂亮(相对于主语而言,过去分词表示被动) • We have to be more flexible when facing the challenges from the changing world.当面对来自 变化的世界的挑战时,我们需要更灵活。(facing 表示主动,changing表示进行)
有些-ed分词通常不能单独用作前置修饰语,但若加 前缀un-或者为副词所修饰而构成“副词+-ed分词” 的复合形容词以后,便可作前置修饰语。例如:
• Uninvited guests • Untold sufferings • Unheard-of stories
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
badly-built house far-fetched reasons newly-born children
()能带-ed分词作宾语补语的动词分类
• 可以带-ed分词作宾补的动词有以下三类。 • 第一类包括see,hear,feel,find,think等 表示感觉和心理状态的动词: • I saw the students assembled in the hall. • He felt his eyes dazzled by the bright light • Everybody thought the battle lost
-ED分词
• 本书所讲的-ed分词(-ed participle)即传 统语法所指的“过去分词”(past participle)。本讲主要介绍-ed分词在名 词词组中作前置修饰语(premodifier)以 及在句中作主语补语(subject complement)和宾语补语(object complement )
• B)-ed分词分句作状语可表示多种意义,比如作 时间状语: • Heated,the metal expands。 • Once appointed supreme commander,he took the stern measures expected of him。 • 作原因状语: • Deeply moved,he thanked her again and again。 • Absorbed in his work,Jim neglected food and sleep。
2.来自不及物动词的-ed分词作前置修饰语
• 来自不及物动词的-ed分词很少能单独用作前置修 饰语,能作这种用法的仅限于下面几个词,这些 前置修饰语仅表示完成意义,不表示被动意义。 例如:
• A retired worker=a worker who has retired • An escaped prisoner=a prisoner who has escaped • A faded/withered flower=a flower that has faded/withered • Fallen leaves=leaves that have fallen • An expired lease= a lease that has expired
-ed 分词分句的结构模式
• -ed分词分句也分为不带主语和从属连词的、带从 属连词的和带主语的三种。 • A)不带主语和从属连词的-ed分词分句 • -ed分词分句可以既不带主语也不带从属连词。所 谓不带主语,是指-ed分词分句的逻辑主语通常可 以由特定的上下文判定。例如: • Covered with confusion,she hurriedly left the room • The castle,burn down in 1485,was never rebuilt。
某些来自不及物动词的-ed分词,单独一个词不可以 作前置修饰语(如不可以说“a behaved boy”,a travelled businessman),但若与某些副词构成 复合形容词,便可作前置修饰语。例如“
• Well-behaved children=children who behave well • A widely-travelled businessman=one who has travelled widely • Newly-arrived visitors= visitors who have newly arrived
• 注意:在”have+宾语+-ed分词“这一结构 中,have有三种不同意义。比较: • We had the problem solved(表示”致使 “,一种有意的行为) • She had her arm broken in an accident (表示”遭受“,一种非有意的行为) • I have not any money left。(表示”有“)
• Sometimes it is difficult for people in the developed countries to understand things happening in the developing countries。 • 有时候,发达国家的人们难以理解在发展 中国家发生的事情。 • (developed表示完成,happening表示进 行,developing表示进行)
-ed分词作前置修饰语
1.来自及物动词的-ed分词作前置修饰语
• 来自及物动词的-ed分词作前置修饰语通常 带有被动意义和完成一一;而能作上述用 法的-ing分词有的来自及物动词,有的来自 不及物动词,通常带有主动意义和未完成 意义。试比较: • Frozen food a freezing wind • A bored traveller a boring journey • A lost cause a losing battle
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