艰难时世解读
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Westminster
Backgroud
• 狄更斯早就想写一部反映劳资矛盾的小说。一八三八年他到北部工业 区曼乇斯特等地参观时，看到那里工人的悲惨处境非常吃惊，想要对 这现象作“有力的一击”。但是，这个愿望过了十多年才实现。…… • 五十年代初，工人运动的滚滚浪潮虽然已经消退，但由于资产阶 级肆无忌惮地压榨工人，一些工业城市仍不断爆发罢工斗争。正当狄 更斯开始写作《艰难时世》时，普莱斯顿的工人正在举行罢工斗争， 狄更斯曾到那里去了解罢工情况。他担心人民的不满情绪一旦爆发出 来，国家将受到猛烈的震动。狄更斯认识到当时劳资之间矛盾的尖锐 性和严重性，并意识到造成这种情况的原因是资产阶级只顾赚钱，不 管工人死活。因此他决心在作品中对曼彻斯特学派功利主义加以迎头 痛击。在写给他朋友查尔斯· 耐特的信中，他这样谈到《艰难时世》的 写作意图：“我的讽刺对准那些只知数字和平均数而不知其他的人， 这些人是这时代的最邪恶的最重大的弊病的代表。”从作品看来，他 的创作意图确是得到了很好的表现。
Charles Dickens
Life and Career Literary Works Commends
Life and Career
• Born: 7 February 1812 • Birthplace: Portsmouth, England • Died: 9 June 1870
• 1812 Charles Dickens was born in 1812 at Portsmouth,the son of an unpractical and improvident goverment navy clerk. • 1822 His happy childhood ended in 1822 when family moved to London. • 1824 Young Charles worked at a shoe-blacking factory. • 1827 Charles worked as a clerk in a London lawyer's office. • 1836 He married andpublished his first work Sketches by Boz,the rest of his life was a story of work. • 1870 He died of overwork,leaving his last detective novel Edwin Drood unfinished.
Mrs. Sparsit: An evil woman, she is Mr.
Bounderby's stewardess, she is very capable, but she is also jealous of Lousia, she think she should be Mrs. Bounderby. She could be described as the shadow of Mr. Bounderby.
Stephen Blackpool: a most
tragic person in this novel, he has the good virtues as Sissy Jupe, but he is powerless in the fight of capitalism, in the novel, he felled into a mine and died .
Later Works (1852-1870)
• • • • • • Bleak House Hard Times In Little Dorrit A Tale of Two Cities Great Expectation Our Mutual Friend (1852-1853) (1854) (1855-1857) (1859) (1860-1861) (1864-1865)
The art of language
Humorous and Pungent irony
Exploration of man’s inner conflicts
Gentle Reformism and Strong humanitarian Symbolism clear clues Interesting and complex plots Parallelism
Tom:
Louisa's brother, a boy who is in favor of adventure and curious about anything, but under the control of their stern father, his nature was limited, so he choosed an extreme way to revenge his father, but the way of his revenge is depraved and destructive. So I think he is twisted under his father and that society's control.
Sissy Jupe: a good girl, who
lived with his father, but because of an mistake in one performance, her father left her alone in Coketown. Her life is miserable and filled with hardship. While she is a kind-hearted girl, honest and unaffected.
Literary Works
• Roughly speaking, Dickens' works can be devided into two parts: the early group and the later group.
Early Works(1836-1850)
• • • • • • • The Pickwick Papers Oliver Twist The Old Curiosity Shop American Notes Martin Chuzzlewit Dombey and Son David Copperfield (1836-1837) (1837-1839) (1840-1841) (1842) (1843-1844) (1846-1848) (1849-1850)
Louisa:
a girl lived in a boring family, she did not feel any love in her childhood from her parents, so she always hold a negative attitude to life, but, she is young, when she meet Mr. James, she fell in love with he, and after a series of things and changes, she finally find her happiness in the rest of her life.
The synopsis of Hard Times
故事艰难时世 故事简介.doc梗 概
The character and their realitionship in Hard Times
Mr. Gradgrind. Tom.
Mrs.Gradgrind. Louisa.
Mr.Bounderby. Mr.Harthouse. Jupe. Stephen Blackpool.
Mrs. Pegler. Mrs. Sparsit. Sissy
Mrs. Blackpool.
Rachael.
Major characters and their features in Hard Times
Mr. Gradgrind:
a man of fact. he once said: in this life, we want nothing but Facts. He is stern and rigid. He forced his daughter to marry Mr. Bounderby who is almost 30 years bigger than she. In the novel, the author described him as a man of facts and calculations. A man who proceeds upon the principle that two and two are four, and nothing over, and who is not to be talked into allowing for anything over.
Mrs. GraBaidu Nhomakorabeagrind: wife of Mr. Gradgrind. A traditional housewife,
she totally obey her husband's order, she never dare to express her own emotion, even for her children, so, to some extent, Louisa and Tom is miserable for such a mother.
Mr. Bounderby: in the novel, he was a rich
man, banker, merchant, manufacturer, and what not. A big, loud man, with a stare, and metallic laugh. We can see he is a typical businessman. While, he is also a cruel industrialist, he exploit his workmen. He declare he was born in a ditch, he was abandoned by his parents, while he was lie. It is he who discard his mother and forbid her mother to pay a visit to he. In conclusion, when talking about Mr. Bounderby, I call he a affected man.
He doesn‘t have much hair, you probably thought it was because he talked too much and makes hair turn away, leaving t a bit disorganized and pricked up, also because of his strong wind wafted, put them into the same. 他没有多少头发，你可能以为是由于他谈话谈得太多而把 头 发谈掉了，剩下来的那一点儿杂乱无章地竖了起来，也 是由 于他那大风似的吹劲儿，把它们吹成那个样子的。 （《艰难时世》）
Commends
• He was asympathiser to the poor, the suffering, and the oppressed; and by his death, one of England's greatest writers is lost to the world.）
Humorous and Pungent irony
His skin is not healthy, the lack of a natural pigment, if he was cut, perhaps even the flow of blood is white. 他的皮肤是不健康的，缺少了自然的色素，如果他被刀割 了 以后，可能连流出来的血也是白的
Backgroud
• 狄更斯早就想写一部反映劳资矛盾的小说。一八三八年他到北部工业 区曼乇斯特等地参观时，看到那里工人的悲惨处境非常吃惊，想要对 这现象作“有力的一击”。但是，这个愿望过了十多年才实现。…… • 五十年代初，工人运动的滚滚浪潮虽然已经消退，但由于资产阶 级肆无忌惮地压榨工人，一些工业城市仍不断爆发罢工斗争。正当狄 更斯开始写作《艰难时世》时，普莱斯顿的工人正在举行罢工斗争， 狄更斯曾到那里去了解罢工情况。他担心人民的不满情绪一旦爆发出 来，国家将受到猛烈的震动。狄更斯认识到当时劳资之间矛盾的尖锐 性和严重性，并意识到造成这种情况的原因是资产阶级只顾赚钱，不 管工人死活。因此他决心在作品中对曼彻斯特学派功利主义加以迎头 痛击。在写给他朋友查尔斯· 耐特的信中，他这样谈到《艰难时世》的 写作意图：“我的讽刺对准那些只知数字和平均数而不知其他的人， 这些人是这时代的最邪恶的最重大的弊病的代表。”从作品看来，他 的创作意图确是得到了很好的表现。
Charles Dickens
Life and Career Literary Works Commends
Life and Career
• Born: 7 February 1812 • Birthplace: Portsmouth, England • Died: 9 June 1870
• 1812 Charles Dickens was born in 1812 at Portsmouth,the son of an unpractical and improvident goverment navy clerk. • 1822 His happy childhood ended in 1822 when family moved to London. • 1824 Young Charles worked at a shoe-blacking factory. • 1827 Charles worked as a clerk in a London lawyer's office. • 1836 He married andpublished his first work Sketches by Boz,the rest of his life was a story of work. • 1870 He died of overwork,leaving his last detective novel Edwin Drood unfinished.
Mrs. Sparsit: An evil woman, she is Mr.
Bounderby's stewardess, she is very capable, but she is also jealous of Lousia, she think she should be Mrs. Bounderby. She could be described as the shadow of Mr. Bounderby.
Stephen Blackpool: a most
tragic person in this novel, he has the good virtues as Sissy Jupe, but he is powerless in the fight of capitalism, in the novel, he felled into a mine and died .
Later Works (1852-1870)
• • • • • • Bleak House Hard Times In Little Dorrit A Tale of Two Cities Great Expectation Our Mutual Friend (1852-1853) (1854) (1855-1857) (1859) (1860-1861) (1864-1865)
The art of language
Humorous and Pungent irony
Exploration of man’s inner conflicts
Gentle Reformism and Strong humanitarian Symbolism clear clues Interesting and complex plots Parallelism
Tom:
Louisa's brother, a boy who is in favor of adventure and curious about anything, but under the control of their stern father, his nature was limited, so he choosed an extreme way to revenge his father, but the way of his revenge is depraved and destructive. So I think he is twisted under his father and that society's control.
Sissy Jupe: a good girl, who
lived with his father, but because of an mistake in one performance, her father left her alone in Coketown. Her life is miserable and filled with hardship. While she is a kind-hearted girl, honest and unaffected.
Literary Works
• Roughly speaking, Dickens' works can be devided into two parts: the early group and the later group.
Early Works(1836-1850)
• • • • • • • The Pickwick Papers Oliver Twist The Old Curiosity Shop American Notes Martin Chuzzlewit Dombey and Son David Copperfield (1836-1837) (1837-1839) (1840-1841) (1842) (1843-1844) (1846-1848) (1849-1850)
Louisa:
a girl lived in a boring family, she did not feel any love in her childhood from her parents, so she always hold a negative attitude to life, but, she is young, when she meet Mr. James, she fell in love with he, and after a series of things and changes, she finally find her happiness in the rest of her life.
The synopsis of Hard Times
故事艰难时世 故事简介.doc梗 概
The character and their realitionship in Hard Times
Mr. Gradgrind. Tom.
Mrs.Gradgrind. Louisa.
Mr.Bounderby. Mr.Harthouse. Jupe. Stephen Blackpool.
Mrs. Pegler. Mrs. Sparsit. Sissy
Mrs. Blackpool.
Rachael.
Major characters and their features in Hard Times
Mr. Gradgrind:
a man of fact. he once said: in this life, we want nothing but Facts. He is stern and rigid. He forced his daughter to marry Mr. Bounderby who is almost 30 years bigger than she. In the novel, the author described him as a man of facts and calculations. A man who proceeds upon the principle that two and two are four, and nothing over, and who is not to be talked into allowing for anything over.
Mrs. GraBaidu Nhomakorabeagrind: wife of Mr. Gradgrind. A traditional housewife,
she totally obey her husband's order, she never dare to express her own emotion, even for her children, so, to some extent, Louisa and Tom is miserable for such a mother.
Mr. Bounderby: in the novel, he was a rich
man, banker, merchant, manufacturer, and what not. A big, loud man, with a stare, and metallic laugh. We can see he is a typical businessman. While, he is also a cruel industrialist, he exploit his workmen. He declare he was born in a ditch, he was abandoned by his parents, while he was lie. It is he who discard his mother and forbid her mother to pay a visit to he. In conclusion, when talking about Mr. Bounderby, I call he a affected man.
He doesn‘t have much hair, you probably thought it was because he talked too much and makes hair turn away, leaving t a bit disorganized and pricked up, also because of his strong wind wafted, put them into the same. 他没有多少头发，你可能以为是由于他谈话谈得太多而把 头 发谈掉了，剩下来的那一点儿杂乱无章地竖了起来，也 是由 于他那大风似的吹劲儿，把它们吹成那个样子的。 （《艰难时世》）
Commends
• He was asympathiser to the poor, the suffering, and the oppressed; and by his death, one of England's greatest writers is lost to the world.）
Humorous and Pungent irony
His skin is not healthy, the lack of a natural pigment, if he was cut, perhaps even the flow of blood is white. 他的皮肤是不健康的，缺少了自然的色素，如果他被刀割 了 以后，可能连流出来的血也是白的