懂你英语 Level 4- Unit 3 Part 1 Dialogue
懂你英语Level unit
Level 4 unit 1 part1ListeningChristina is on a two week vocation.This is the first vocation she has had for a long time.The last vocation she took was more than two years ago.Now she is visiting a friend in San Francisco.Her friend and her husband are living near the center of the city.He works for a start-up company in Silicon Valley.While he is working, she works part-time at a department store.-How long has it been since her last vocation–It’s been more than 2 years.-What kind of company do es her friend’s husband work for–A start-up company.Christina hasn’t seen her friend for a longtime.The last time they saw each other was three years ago.At that time, they were both working at a department store.Then Christina quitted her job and started her own business.She designs women’s clothing.She has two employees now and her company is slowly growing.-How long has it been since Christina last saw her friend –It has been 3 years.-Where were Christina and her friend working before she started her own business–They were working at a department store.-How long has it been since Christina started her own business–It’s been 3 years.Christina has come to San Francisco by herself.Her husband didn’t come, because he has to work.He tried to start a company two years ago, but it didn’t work out.His company failed after only a few months.So now he is working at another company and saving money.Once he saves enough money, he plans to start another company.He doesn’t want to give up.-Why hasn’t Christina’s husband come with her–He has to work.-Why is Christina’s husband saving money–He wants to start a new company.This is the second time Christina has been to San Francisco.The first time was when she was a high school student.That was more than ten years ago.During that trip, she was only in San Francisco for a few days.After that, she went to Los Angeles and New York.This time she and her friend plan to relax and have fun.-How many times has Christina been to San Francisco–She has been to San Francisco twice.-How long did she stay in San Francisco on her first trip–A few days.Christina arrived two days ago, the day before yesterday.Her friend met her at the airport, and drove her to her apartment.Her apartment is just north of the airport, about 20 minutes from San Francisco.It’s a small apartment, but it’s on a hill, and it has a great view. Yesterday they went downtown, and rode the cable cars.Christina was surprised by how steep the hills are.Then they walked along the ocean, and ate lunch at a sea food restaurant. Fromthe restaurant, they could see the Golden Gate Bridge.-How long has she been here–For two days.Tomorrow they are planning to drive to Yosemite National Park.By car, it’s about four hours aw ay.Christina has never been there before, so she is excited.She has heard that the park is very beautiful.Her friend has been to Yosemite several times.She says that it’s one of the most beautiful places in the world. Christina just hopes that her friend is a good driver.-How many times has she been to the Yosemite–Never.VocabularyHeadaches can be very painful, and can last for a long time.If you have a headache, your head hurts.A sprained ankle can be so painful that you can’t walk.Someone with a sprained ankle may need to use crutches to walk.If you have a sore throat, it may be painful to swallow.A sore throat can be caused by viruses or bacteria.A burn is an injury to the skin caused by fire or heat.If you get to close to a fire, you will be burned.An earache is a sharp, dull or burning pain in the ear.Common causes of an earache include an infection, a changing air pressure, or water in the ear.Mountains are land forms higher than 2000 feet or about 600 meters above sea level.Hills are like mountains but not as tall.Mountains are formed by forces deep within the Earth, and are made of different types of rocks.Rivers are streams of water that usually begin in mountains and flow into the sea.Many early cities were built alongside rivers.Most of the world’s water is in the oceans, which are large bodies of salt water.The oceans are also an important source of oxygen.Deserts are areas of land that receive little or no rainfall.The amount of rainfall in some deserts is so low that only a few plants can survive.A valley is a low relatively flat area between hills or mountains, oftenwith a river running through it. Somevalleys are formed by flowing water, and others are formed by glaciers. The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest ocean, covering more area than all the continents put together.Desert temperatures can range from cold at night to very hot during the daytime, often above 120 degrees FDialogueM: Have you eaten yetW: No, I haven’t, and I’m hungry.M: Me too. L et’s go out for dinner.W: Where toM: What about Joe’s ItalianW: How many times have you eaten thereM: I eat there a lot. It’s one of my favorite places.-Why is she hungry–She hasn’t eaten yet.W: I went there two weeks ago, and the service was terrible.M:Really Then let’s go someplace else.-Why doesn’t she want to go to Joe’s Italian–She went there two weeks ago and the service was terrible.M: What do you suggestW: How about the Royal Ind ian It’s not far from here.M: I’ve never heard of it. Is it goodW: Yes, I’ve been there several times, and I’ve never been disappointed. -What’s one reason she suggests Royal Indian–It’s not far away.-Has she been to the Royal Indian before–Yes, she has.M: OK, let’s try it. I haven’t eaten Indian food for a long time.W: You won’t be disappointed, and the prices are reasonable.M: Ah, so you mean I’m going to pay.W: Well, that would certainly be nice.-How expensive is the restaurant–It’s reasona bly priced.M: What about reservationsW: If we get there early enough, we won’t need them.M: I hope you are right.W: Don’t worry, if we have to wait, I’ll pay the bill.-What would happen if they don’t get there early enough–They may have to wait.When she went there two weeks ago, the service was awful.She has been there several times.Level 4 unit 1 part2ListeningToday Christina and her friend are enjoying themselves.This morning they got up very early and drove out of San Francisco. They crossed the Bay Bridge before the early morning commute and drove south.Because it was so early, there were almost no cars.-How heavy was the traffic–There were almost no cars.After driving for an hour and a half, they stopped and had breakfast. They ordered pancakes and coffee.They also had some fresh fruit.When they finished eating, it was seven o’clock.Then they got back into the car, and drove south.Christina wanted to listen to music, so they turned on the radio.An hour later, they stopped for gas.They noticed that there was also a charging station for electric cars. -How did they order for breakfast–They ordered pancakes and coffee.-What did they do after they finished eating–They got back into the car and drove south.It’s now 1:15 (one fifteen), and they are in Yosemite Park.They have been there for two hours, since 11:15(eleven fifteen).They are looking at Yosemite falls, which is the highest waterfall in the park.The water drops a total of 740 meters from the top of the upper fall to the base of the lower fall.-When did they arrive at the park–They got there at 11:15.In another fifteen minutes, they planned to eat lunch at a magnificent old hotel in the park.It was built in 1927 and has a great view.They wanted to stay there but they couldn’t get reservations.To get a room at that hotel, you usually need to make reservations several months in advance.-When do you need to make reservations–You need to make reservations several months in advance.-Why couldn’t they get reser vations–They didn’t reserve early enough.They planned to stay in the park until around four o’clock.By then, they will have been in the park for nearly five hours.Then they will get back into the car and drive back to San Francisco. They plan to eat dinner somewhere along the way.If the traffic isn’t too bad, they should be back in San Francisco by ten o’clock.-When do they expect to be back in San Francisco–They expect to be back by 10 o’clock.-How long would they have been in the park if they leave as scheduled –For nearly 5 hours.Early tomorrow morning, they are going to cross the Golden Gate Bridge and go north along the coast.From some places you can look out on the ocean and see whales and other sea life.Christina has never seen a whale before, so she is looking forward to it.And tomorrow night they have something special planned.They are going to watch a baseball game.Christina has never seen a baseball game, but she has heard that it is very popular in the US. Andthe San Francisco baseball team is one of the best.-What does she hope to see from the coast–She hopes to see whales.-What are they going to do tomorrow morning–They are going to cross the Golden Gate Bridge.VocabularyA force is a push or a pull on an object.A force changes the motion of a moving object.A force can be strong or weak and it always has a direction.The Earth is a planet that goes around the sun in a circular orbit.The speed of its motion doesn’t change, but the direction of its motion does.The Earth has a layer of gas above its surface which helps to support life. Atoms are the building blocks of matter.At the center of an atom is its nucleus which has a positive electric charge. Outside the nucleus are electrons which have a negative charge. Asteroids and comets are objects that obey our sun, but are smaller than planets.Asteroids that pass close to the Earth are called near-earth objects. The layer of gases just above the Earth’s surface is our atmosphere. The atmosphere is made of gases such as oxygen and nitrogen. Withoutan atmosphere there would be no life on Earth.If they collide with Earth they could cause an extinction event.A force can increase or decrease the speed of an object, and it can change the direction of motion. Theelectric force between the nucleus and the electrons holds the atom together.The two lines on the left intersect each other at a right angle which is90 degrees.The two lines on the right are parallel which means they never cross. The adjacent sides of a rectangle are perpendicular which means they meet a 90-degree angle.The opposite sides of a rectangle are equal and parallel which means they never cross.The area of a rectangle is the length times the width.A circle is a two dimensional figure with a radius and a circumference which is the distance around the circle. Thearea of a circle is Pi R squared, where R is the radius and Pi is the ratio of the circle circumference to its diameter.A sphere is a three dimensional figure with a radius and a volume which is four thirds Pi R cubed.All points on the surface of a sphere are equidistant from its center.A right triangle is a two dimensional figure with three side, two of which are perpendicular.To find its area, multiply the length of the two perpendicular sides a and b and divide by 2, A equals 1 half ab.A rectangle is a 2 dimensional figure with 4 sides.DialogueM: Have you finished eating yetW: No, I haven’t. Why are you in such a hurryM: I’m sorry, but you are such a slow eater.W: A slow eater Well, I try to enjoy my food. You just eat and swallow.I don’t see how you can even taste it.M: OK, I’m sorry. Do you mind if I get another glass of wineW: No, go ahead. I don’t want you to sit there putting pressure on me.I thought we were going to have a relaxing evening.-What does she allow him to do–She allows him to get another glass of wine.A relaxing evening is the opposite of a high-pressure evening.M: Yes, you are right. I’d like to relax, but I have a lot on my mind.W: Work relatedM: Yes, it is. I’ve been getting some strange emails from my boss. He wants me to cut down on my expenses.Maybe he wants to fire me.His boss wants him to spend less.-What is he afraid of–He may lose his job.W: Is business badM: Yes, it is. But I don’t want to talk about it.W: OK, but I’m a good listener. You can tell me if you’d like to.-What doesn’t he want to talk about–He doesn’t want to talk about his business.M: Thanks. Maybe some other time.I’ll try to stop thinking about it until when it’s tomorrow.W: Good idea. You need to take a break from work.Your healthy is important, and so am I.M:Yes, you are. I don’t know what I would do without you.To deal with something means to do something about it.Level 4 unit 1 part3ListeningHarry is an American businessman.His job requires him to do a lot of travelling.He takes nine or ten trips a year.In the past six months, he has made five trips.Three were to Asia, and two were to Europe.The purpose of his trips is to attend meetings and make presentations. -What does his job require him to do–Travel a lot.-What is the purpose of his trips–Attend meetings and make presentations.His job requires him to attend meetings in many countries.Harry loves to travel and he’s travelled to many countries.Most of his trips are for one or two weeks.His first international trip was 15 years ago when he was 20 years old. He really wanted to see Asia, so he and his friend flew to Tokyo, Japan. -How long are most of his trips–for one or two weeks.From Tokyo, they travelled around Japan for 2 weeks.The people they met were very nice, but most of them didn’t speak English. Harry tried to speak a little Japanese, but it was difficult.He didn’t do very well.When he spoke to people, most of them just looked at him.They didn’t understand what he was trying to say.-What language did he try to use when he was in Japan–He tried to speak Japanese.He has made 5 trips in the last 6 months.From Japan, they went to Korea for a week, and then they went to China. In China, they visited the Great Wall near Beijing.They stayed in Beijing for a few days, and then boarded a train for Shanghai. It was an overnight train, with sleeping cars.-What kind of train did they take to Shanghai–It was an overnight train.-How long did they stay in Beijing–for a few days.During the journey, they enjoyed looking out the window at the countryside. The view from the train was wonderful.Harry will never forget watching the sun go down in the evening.It was a beautiful sunset.-What did they enjoy doing during the journey–looking out the window at the countryside.-What won’t Harry ever forget–Watching the beautiful sunset.The journey to Shanghai took many hours, but it was an unforgettable experience.On the train, they met a Chinese professor who spoke English. He was a middle-aged man, whose hair was turning grey.He told them about how things were changing in China.It was wonderful to watch him as he was speaking.His eyes were full of energy and excitement.-Who did they meet on the train–a Chinese professor.-What did the professor talk about–He talked about the many changes China was experiencing. They only stayed in Shanghai a couple of days.Then they returned to the US and went back to school.They had one more year to finish their studies.-Why did they return to the US–They went back to finish their studies.Harry’s next few trips were to different part of the world. He went to Europe twice, each time to different countries. On one trip, he travelled through the UK and France.On the next trip, he went to Italy and Greece.-How many times did he go to Europe–He went to Europe twice.After Europe, he travelled to Mexico and South America.In South America he went to Argentina and Brazil.He enjoyed watching some great soccer matches.-What countries did he visit in South America–Both Argentina and Brazil.Then he decided to go back to Asia.But this time he went to Southeast Asia.He visited Vietnam, Thailand and Singapore.Each country had a charm of its own.-Where did he go after he went to South America–He went to Southeast Asia.-How many countries did he visit in Southeast Asia–He visited 3 different countries.After all these travel Harry decided to make travel part of his career. He didn’t want to work only in the US.He didn’t want to work only with Americans.He wanted to experience other countries and other cultures. Hisdream was to work for an international company.-Why did he decide to work for an international company–he wanted to experience other countries and other cultures.-What was his dream–working for an international company.5 years ago, his dream came true.Now he is working for a German high-tech company.As part of his job, he has to travel a lot.As a result, he has been to many cities and countries.And he has met many interesting people.-What has happened as a result to his job–He has been to many countries and met many interesting people.-What kind of company is he working for–A German hi-tech companyVocabularyA dental cavity is a hole in a tooth.A cavity is caused by bacteria in the mouth.Brushing your teeth frequently and regularly can help prevent cavities.A crack tooth can be caused by biting down on something hard.Dentists treat a crack tooth by covering it with a crown.A dental X-Ray is a picture of your teeth and gums.An X-Ray shows what can’t be seen on the surface of the teeth and gums. Braces are used by dentists to strengthen teeth over a period of years. Through braces are usually for children, they can also be used for adults with crooked teeth.To exact a tooth means to remove it from the mouth.Dentists have to pull hard to exact a tooth.Braces are used on people with crooked teeth or after an injury.Biting down on something hard can be very painful.Dentist often inject something into the gum to block the pain during the extraction process.The heart pumps blood to all parts of the body through a system of arteries and veins.It’s located in the chest, between the lungs, and beats about once per second.The kidneys remove waste and toxins from the blood.They are bean-shaped organs, and are about 10 centimeters long and 6 centimeters wide.The lungs exchange oxygen from the air, with carbon dioxide from the blood. They expand when inhaling air, and contract when exhaling air.The stomach is blow the heart, and is part of the digestive system.It uses acids to digest food before passing it to the small intestine. The bladder is a balloon-shaped organ that collects urine from the kidneys. In an adult, the bladder can hold about half liter of urine.DialogueOfficer: Good evening, sir. You were driving too fast.Driver: really Was IOfficer: Yes, you were going well above the speed limit.Driver: I’m sorry officer.Officer: OK, I need to see your driver’s license.Driver: Here’s my driver’s license.-Why has he been stopped–He was driving too fast.He has given his driver’s license to the police officer.Officer: Your license has expired. Are you aware of thatDriver: No sir, that’s a surprise. I didn’t know.Officer: It has expired more than a year ago.-He probably knows that his license has expired, so…-he’s lying.-What has expired–His driver’s license.Officer: Is this your carDriver: No sir. It’s a friend’s. I’m borrowing it for a night.-Click the correct choice. –He probably isn’t telling the truth. Officer: Get out of the car, and put your hands behind your back. Driver: Why officer What have I doneOfficer: Just do as I say.Driver: OK, officer, I’m cooperating. Please don’t push me.-To cooperate means..–to do as asked.Officer: Get your hands behind your back.Driver: OK, OK.Officer: I’m not asking you, I’m ordering you.Driver: Please officer, I haven’t done anything wrong.-What is he supposed to do–to put his hands behind his back.-To order someone to do something means…-to command them to do it.Officer: Stay still, and don’t say anything. This is a stolen car. Are you aware of thatDriver: Are you going to arrest meOfficer: What do you think T hat’s what we do with car thieves.-Stay still means the same thing as…-Don’t move.-To be aware of means…-to know.Driver: If you let me go, I’ll give you a couple of thousand dollars. I haven’t hurt anybody.Officer: So now you are trying to bribe me. How stupid can you be Driver:I just don’t want to go back to jail. Give me a break.-What is the driver trying to do–bribe the officer.Officer: Sure, you’re a nice guy. I’d like to give you a break. But there’s nothing I can do.Driver: Please officer.Officer: OK, where’s the money Let me see it, and I’ll think about it. -If he takes the money, what would he be taking–a bribe.-An honest police officer will never…-accept a bribeLevel 4 unit 1 part4ListeningQuick Serve is a successful home repair company.It provides quick, reliable repair services to homes.It was established five years ago, and has been expanding rapidly.In the last two years, it has opened offices in three new cities.-How many offices has it opened in the past two years–It has opened offices in 3 new cities.-What services does it provide–It provides home repair services.-To be reliable means…-to be dependable.Because of its rapid growth, it has to hire many new employees.In the last six months, it has hired 50 new employees.The total number of employees in the company is now over 500. Andthe number of customers has increased to more than 5000.-How many people has the company hired in the last 6 months–It has hired 50 new employees.-Why does it have to hire new employees–It has been expanding rapidly.The company has also improved its business model.Instead of offering only repair services, it can now help customers to upgrade their appliances.Quick Serve does this by giving a choice.Customers can choose to repair an appliance, or upgrade it by buying a new one.If they choose to buy a new one, they will get a discounted price.So a customer can either repair a broken refrigerator for a small fee, or buy a new one.-To upgrade something means…-to add features or quality.If they buy a new one, they will get a discounted price, along with free installation.This is possible because several appliance manufacturers have agreed to give Quick Serve big discounts.Quick Serve then installs the new appliance, and removes the old one. Feedback from customers has been positive.-How have customers reacted to this service–Their feedback has been positive.-Who have agreed to give Quick Service big discounts–Several appliance manufacturers.A high percentage of customers have taken advantage of this new service. As a result, Quick Serve has developed a great reputation.Its dedication to high quality service has proven to be successful.Its word of mouth approach to advising has been cost effective.The appliance manufacturers have also been happy with the results.Their growing relationship with Quick Serve has helped to increase their sales.-What has proven to be successful–Its dedication to high quality service. QuickServe’s approach to business is proving to be successful.The world’s population is growing.There are now over 7 billion people in the world.During the 20th century, the population grows from billion to 6 billion. It’s now growing at a rate of around % per year. Thatmean it increases about 18 million per year.By 2024, the population has expected to be around 8 billion people.-How fast is the world’s population growing–The growth rate is about % per year.-What was the population at the end of the 20th century–around 6 billion people.The growth rate used to be higher.In the late 1960s, the rate of growth was about 2%.Since then, the growth rate has declined.It is estimated that the growth rate will be less than 1% by 2020. By the year 2050, the growth rate should be even less.-What has happened to the growth rate–It has declined since the 1960s.It is estimated that the growth rate should be even less.Even with the declining growth rate, the population will continue to grow. But it will grow at a slower rate.In the past 15 years the world’s population has more than doubled.It has doubled from around 3 billion in 1960 to more than 7 billion in 2011. -What has more than doubled in the past 15 years–the world’s population.The rate of growth varies by country.The growth rate in India is more than twice that of China.And the growth rate in Nigeria, which is in Africa, is more than twice India’s growth rate.Russia, on the other hand, has had a negative growth rate in some years. When a country has a negative growth rate, its population is decreasing. -How do the growth rates of India and China compare–India’s growth rate is h igherVocabularyCo-founder of Apple, this entrepreneur was a major figure in the computer industry.He was self-centered and difficult to work for, but he led the developmentof many great products.He died of cancer when he was just 56 years old.Jack ma is one of the richest and most famous men in China.He comes from a poor family and failed his college entrance exams twice. Despite of h is many failures, he has built one of the world’s largest internet companies.David Beckham is one of the world’s richest and most famous athletes. He started playing professional football when he was just 17.Much of his success as an athletes is because he practiced harder than many other players.As a young girl in Pakistan, Malala became famous for her writings on women’s education.In 2012, she was shot in the head and nearly killed.She survived the injury and became the world’s most famous teenager. Born in 1942, Stephen Hawking is one of the world’s most famous scientists. When he was 23, he was diagnosed with ALS, a real disease of the nerves. Becauseof his disease, he is unable to walk and talk.Though he was difficult to work for, his creative genius inspired others to do great work.Despite his condition, he has made important discoveries about the creation of the universe.Shy people are usually quiet and uncomfortable around other people. They generally dislike going to social events such as parties.It’s often difficult to make friends with a shy person because they won’t open up.Outgoing people enjoy being with others, and are comfortable in social situations.They’re friendly and pleasant to be with, though sometimes they can’t be trusted.Self-centered people like to be the center of attention.They like people to look at them and pay attention to them.Self-centered people often talk too much and don’t listen enough. Selfish and greedy people don’t share things with others.They keep things for themselves and always want more.People who are responsible and trustworthy are important in almost any situation.They can be depended on to get things down.These people can be trusted.Outgoing people often have many friends and can be quite popular DialogueM: Hey, Steven, you know I’m your friend, rightSteven: Sure. I know that. What are you trying to sayM: I’m sorry to say this. But I think you are making a fool of yourself. Steven: how am I making a fool of myselfM: Your girlfriend is taking advantage of you.Steven: Taking advantage of meM: Yes, I think so. She’s just using you.-To use someone means…-to take advantage of them.Steven: So, maybe she is. But I don’t mind. Even if she is using me, it’s OK. I’m using her too.M: What do you mean Are you joining in love with herSteven: Yes, I’m in love with her, but that doesn’t mean I’m not using her too.-Steven doesn’t mind if his girlfriend…-is using him.-How does Steven feel about his girlfriend–He’s in love with her.M: I don’t und erstand. What do you meanSteven: Maybe I’m using her because I enjoy being in love. I can’t imagine life without her. Even if she hurts mesometimes, I love her.-What can’t he imagine。
懂你英语Leave4Unit3 中英对照2019年版
L4 Unit 3-1 listening 时间花费Look at these 2 pie graphs. They show how these 2 people spend their days, not including weekends. The one on the top shows how Emma divides up her days. She is a designer who works for a company.As Emma’s graph shows, the biggest portion of her day is spent working. She works an average of 8 hours a day, which is one third of her day. She gets an average of 6 hours to sleep which is 25% of her day. That’s less sleep than Martin gets. According to his graph, he gets an average of 7 hours to sleep which is about 29% of his day. On the other hand, Martine who is engineer, works more hours than Emma does. Martine average 9 hours a day at work compare to Emma’s 8. That’s 37.5% compare to 33%.看看这两个饼图。
他们展示了这两个人如何度过他们的日子，不包括周末。
上面的那个显示了艾玛是如何划分她的日子的。
她是一家公司的设计师。
正如艾玛的图表所示，她一天中的大部分时间都花在工作上。
完整版英语流利说懂你英语Level4 Unit3
懂你英语Level4 Unit 3 Part1it 3-1 listening时间花费Look at these 2 pie graphs. They show how these 2 people spend their days, not including weekends. The one on the top shows how Emma divides up her days. She is a designer who works for a company. As Emma's graph shows, the biggest portion部分of her day is spent working.She works an average of 8 hours a day, which is one third of her day.She gets an average of 6 hours to sleep which is 25% of her day. That's less sleep than Martin gets. According to his graph, he gets an average of 7 hours to sleep which is about 29% of his day.On the other hand, Martine who is engineer, works more hours than Emma does.Martine average 9 hours a day at work compare to Emma's 8. That's 37.5% compare to 33%.Other factors shown in the graph included time for meals and commuting to work.Other activities include getting dress and doing household chores such as doing laundry and paying bills.As you can see, for Martin, commuting is taking a large amount of his time.If he could reduce his commute time, he will have more time for other things. And it isn't just the time.When the traffic is really heavy his commute is stressful.He life will be more enjoyable. It will be great if he can work from home one or two days a week. And we look at Emma's graph, we see she probably needs more sleep.Perhaps, she should spend a bit less time socializing with her friends.On the other hand, socializing with her friend is something she really values.As for putting on makeup, she isn't willing to change that.For her, exercising, socializing and staying beautiful help her deal with the stressful work.In conclusion, Emma and Martin both wish there were more hours in a day.This next graph shows how various factors compare important to 1350 jobs applicants.Applicants were between 20 to 25 years ago.They were asked to list which factors were most important for a good job.As the graph shows, money was the most important factor for 25% of the applicants.However, other factors are also important. The second most important factor was the work environment.In other words, for many, money is everything.People want to like where they work.In fact, if we combine working environment and co-workers, the total is 35%.This is well above the 25% for salary and benefits.Taking together, they are more important than salary and benefits.Career path is also important especially for younger applicants.They want to see that their job helps to build a successful career.For older workers, this may not be as important.Older workers often put the higher value on the balance between life and work. What do you think.领土、军事、政治、政权状态it 3-1 vocabulary The government of a country is a controlsystem.Governments make laws and provide services to their citizens.. 领土?/'t?rt?ri/ territory The land over which a government has controlled, is its ? boundaries A country's territory has /'bandri/ or borders.1When you leave or enter a country's territory, you usually need a passport.The territory of a country is defined by its boundaries.A country's military provides defense for its territory and its citizens.The military includes an army, an air force and a navy.The main purpose of a military, is to defend a country from attack.A country's criminal justice system includes the police, courts and prisons.Its purpose is to enforce the law and protect the people from criminal activities.A country social services system provides support to people in need.It provides basic health care services and helps poor people support their children.-----------------------------------------------------------------Anarchy /'?n?ki/ n.混乱;无政府状态;无秩序autocracy /?'tɑkr?si/ n.独裁;独裁统治;独裁政府;独裁政体Oligarchy /'ɑl?'gɑrki/ n.寡头统治的政府;寡头政治的执政集团;寡头统治的国家--------------------------------------------------------------------------A state of anarchy exits when a country has no effective government.In anarchy, there is nobody to make decisions or enforce the laws.An autocracy is the simplest form of government.In an autocracy, the government is controlled by single individual, known as autocrat.Whether or not an autocracy is successful, depends on the character and ability of the leader.In an oligarchy, a small group of people controls the government.Membership in this group often depends on family connection, wealth or military power.In a republic, individuals are elected to represent the citizens.The power of government in a republic is limited by a constitution.A constitution is a written document that makes the rules for a government to follow.This limits the power of a government.A constitution defines the relationship between the government and its citizens.it 3-1 dialogue谈论工作I hear you lost your job, is that right?Yes, that's right. I quit. I quit because the way my boss treats people.What happen.I wasn't feeling good one day and he yelled at me. While I told him not to yell at对...吼叫me, he threatened me.Is that all. That's what bosses do.Sure, sometime maybe. But my treated everyone badly and I was tired of it. It was the less *The last str ?Yes, it reached the point where I couldn't take it anymore.I see. So now you don't have a job.Right, I don't have a job.But at least I don't have to deal with my boss thing. What are you going to do now?To be honest, I'm not sure. but I'll fine something. I'll get a job even if it pays less than before.Are you sorry for your quit.Yes and no. I guess I should have found another job first and then quit.Why didn't you.As I said, he pushed me too far. There were some things that I just won't take.2What about your wife.She isn't happy that I don't have a job but she understands. She knows I have temper.And she knows I wasn't happy working there.Well, I get some luck. My job isn't great. but I like the people I'm working with and I like my manager. Are you planning to stay there?I don't know.For now, it's ok. But of course it all depends on how things change.Well if you hear of any job openings, let me know, OK.Sure, send me your resume and I'll let people know you're looking.Thanks.it 3-2 listening朗朗Lang Lang is one of the world's greatest concert /'kɑns?t/ pianist.His first contact with western music was when he was just 2 years old.He watched the canton/'k?nt?n/ in which a cat played a famous piece by Franz Liszt 弗朗兹·李斯特（匈牙利作曲家）. From this experience, he decided he wanted to learn to play piano.When he was 3 and a half years ago, he started piano lessons.2 years later, he won first place in the piano competition.This early success gave his father great hope that Lang Land will became the world greatest pianist.When Lang Lang was 9 years ago, his father quit his job and took him to Beijing.They left everything behind including his mother who had to work.Lang Lang didn't want to leave her behind but his father insisted.His father wanted him to study at famous Central Conservatory of Music 中央音乐学院.When they moved to Beijing, they rented a flat in a poor area of the city.During this time, Lang Lang practiced several hours a day.They started practicing at 5 o'clock which upset his neighbors.They would often pound on敲打his door and ask him to stop practicing.They were so angry that he often feared that they would beat him up毒打.Lang Lang usually had piano lessons once a week to prepare for the conservatory /k?n's?v?t?ri/音乐学校.Nearly 2000 students were applying for just 12 places at the conservatory.His lessons were expensive and very difficult, especially because of his piano teacher.His music teacher didn't like Lang Lang.He called his teacher professor Angry because she always gave him a hard time.One afternoon, his teacher told him he had no talent and told him to go home.Hearing the news, his father screamed and seemed to lose his mind.His father told him that everything was destroyed and there was no reason to live.He ordered Lang Lang to jump off 跳下来the 11th-floor balcony.After this, Lang Lang almost went crazy. He didn't want to play the piano anymore.For several months, he neither played the piano nor spoke to his father.Then some friends encouraged him to play a piece for them and he realized his great love of piano. 3For the next 19 months, he practiced hard and his father encouraged him.Finally, when he was ten, he was accepted into the Conservatory with a full scholarship.In 1995, when he was 13 years old, he played music by show * at Beijing concert hall.In that same year, he won first place at an international competition for young musicians in Japan. When he was 15, he moved to the United States and began to study with the famous pianist at C institute.Since then, he career has grown and he has become a major star.One of the American music critics called him the biggest most exiting key of talent I haven't encountered many ayear of attention piano recycles.In 2010, Lang Lang signed a recalling contract for several million dollars.In 2011, he performed at white house for president Obama of United States and Hu Jintao of China. With all of his success and fame, Lang Lang tries to encourage others.He uses his fame to spread the popularity of classic music and encourage young musicians.And in the end, Lang Lang and his father have rebuilt their relationship.In his autobiography自传, Mr. Lang dedicated the book to his mother and father.it 3-2 vocabulary财务、地理A person debt is how much he or she owes to others.Debt can be in the form of money, products and services owes to someone else.If you borrow money, they were taking on new debt.An asset is something that has value, such as money, property or even a nice personality. Assets can be used to pay off debts.Specialized /'sp'la?zd/ knowledge or skills are also assets that can be used to get a job or earn money.Real estate is properties such as land, houses and buildings.Buying, selling or renting property is the business of real estate.Buying or selling real estate is popular for investments.Inventory is a detail list of items in one's possession /p?'zn/.In business, one's inventory is the supply of items that are ready for sale.If a store runs out of the things for sale, it needs to resupply再供应its inventory.An investment is the purchase of assets with the hope that its value will increase.A good investment can produce income, such as rent income.If the value of that assets falls, the investment will lose money.------------------------------------------------------------------China is the second largest country in the world by land area.A major issue for China is the continuing持续的expansion of its desserts which had led the dust storms eachspring. Many of the world most polluted cities are located there.Asia is referred to as Indian sub-continent.It's called the sub-continent 次大陆because it separated from the rest of Asia by mountains and sea. It's one of world's poorest region with about 75% of the poor living in rural areas.Europe is western neighbor of Asia. It's separated from Asia by Ural Mountains乌拉尔which extent for 1500miles in the north south direction from the Antarctic /?nt?ɑrkt?k/ ocean.The Philippines is the only country in Asia with a majority of Christians /'kr?st??n/.4The Philippines is an island Nation with over 7000 islands. It's located on the south China sea.The country's capital city is Manila马尼拉.Asia is the world largest continent covering about 30% of the earth land area.Several island nations are also a part of Asia, including Japan.The world's tallest mountain is in Asia, including Mount Everest埃佛勒斯峰.it 3-2 dialogue谈论投票选举Hey, have you decided how you're going to vote？Not, I haven't. I don't like any kind of candidates.So you aren't going to vote.Mu. I don't know. Probably not. It seems like a waste of time.Really, why do you think of a waste of time？Have you listened to any of their speeches?Yes, I have and I agree that their speeches aren't very good.Exactly. I can't believe anything they say. They are just saying what they think we want to hear. Sure, you want to get elected. I admit that the system isn't perfect and it's always have .Whether I vote or not won't make a difference. It's all the show.Well, I think you should vote. Do a little research about the candidates.Have you?Yes, I have. I have looked into their backgrounds and their education.How can that help?For example, if they know something about science, it could help the government make a better decision aboutissues such as climate change.Yes, that's good point. We need well-educated people make decisions.And I look to see what kind of people are supporting them.What issues do you think are most important?I guess for me, pollution, housing and taxes are important.I want to know how government plans to deal with these issues.Yes, I agree with you. Maybe I will vote, especially if we could get together and talk more about it. What about dinner tomorrow night?Sorry, I'm busy tomorrow night.Oh, that's too bad. Do you have any time in the next few days? I will take you to a nice restaurant. Actually, I'm quite busy. But I may have time Sunday afternoon. We can have lunch someone near the office.Sure, that was for me. I will give you a call on Saturday and we can decide the details, ok?OK, I will be looking forward to seeing which candidate you support.L4 Unit 3-3 listening 蜜蜂、蜂农与环境Honeybees play an interesting and important role in nature.In additional to making honey, honeybees help many plants reproduce.They do this by pollinating the plant which means to transfer pollen.Pollination授粉occurs when pollen/'pɑl?n/ 花粉is moved within a plant's flower or carried to another flower.This is how the plant reproduce.For reproduction to succeed, the pollen must be transferred from the male part of the flower to the female part.Many plants depend on the pollen for reproduction. This included many fruits and vegetables.5Beside honeybees, there are many other pollinators including birds, insects and other kind of bees. Without enough pollinators, many of our favorite fruits and vegetable will become more expensive and hard to find.This included almonds and cherries.Honeybee are important pollinators and play an important role in agriculture.Beekeepers are people who keep honeybees.In addition to collecting honey, some beekeepers provide pollination services for farmers.They do this by raising and managing colonies殖民地of bees.Farmers need colonies to pollinate their crops.Beekeepers can provide and manage of bee colonies to farmers.Honeybees are social insects that live in colonies.A bee colony consists of a queen bee, male drones 雄蜂and thousands of male worker bees. Each colony also contains eggs and immature未成熟的bees in various stage of development. The number of bees within a colony depends on the seasonal changes.A colony's population increases during the warm season and decreases during the colder season.In recent year, many bee colonies have collapsed or disappeared.A bee colony collapses occurs when a majority of bee in colony disappear and leave behind the queen.Some beekeepers have reported losing 30 to 90 % of their colonies.This loss of bee colonies can cause significant problems for farmers who depend on them to pollinate their crops.In some parts of the world, a shortage of bees has increased the cost of renting bees by up to 20%.There are several possible causes for bee colony collapse. One possible collapse is the use of new pesticides农药.Other possible causes include infections from viruses, genetic factors遗传因素and malnutrition（营养不良）.Changing weather patterns may also play a role as summers get hotter and winters get colder.These changes in weather may weaken the bees, making it more difficult for them to fight infections. Whatever the causes of colony collapse, it's important to understand that many parts of our world are interdependent.Changes that effect on one species may have serious effects on other species.A change to our environment, can start a chain of event that is difficult to predict.In any complex system such as the earth environment, small changes can cause a un consequences. The danger of un consequences is something that we all need to understand better.L4 Unit 3-3 vocabulary 商品、服务和工作Goods and services supply what people need or want.Goods are things such food and clothing.Services included things such as health care and police protection.A country needs natural and human resources.Natural resources include fresh water supplies, farmland and energy sources such as oil and wind. Human resources includes a skilled workforce that can produce goods and services.Once we had supplies of goods and services, they need to distribute throughout the country.6Highways and railways are both way to transport thing from one part of country to another. Electricity are distributed through a system of transmition lines.We live in an age of advertising.Advertising lets people know about goods and services.It educates people about a product being advertised.Trade allows for the exchange of goods and services between different countries.Exports are goods and services that are sold to another country.Imports are goods and services that are brought from other country.For example, many countries import oil from countries such as Saudi Arabia 沙特阿拉伯.Employees are the people who work for a company.Some employees do basic work such as operating a machine or driving a track.People who hire and direct the work of other are managers.Interview is one way to find out about a person who applies for a job.In an interview, the applicants can ask question about a company and company can find out about a person's skillsand experience.An entrepreneur is someone who starts a company.Entrepreneurs often have new ideas and ways of doing things that can give company advantage. Salary and benefits are used to attract new employees into a company.If the salary and benefits are good enough, employees may take a job and stay with the company. Benefits includes vacation time, health insurance and bonuses for employees who do a good job.When apply for job, it's important to have skills and experience needed for the job.Developing and increasing skills and experience is good way to prepare for a job.Each job a person has is an opportunity to learn new things and develop new skills.Advertises try to increase to the demand for a product or service.Education and training are ways to develop a skilled workforce unforeseenL4 Unit 3-3 dialogue 谈论租房与房东You don't look good, is something bothering you？Yes, it's my landlord房东.Oh, is it something wrong with your flat.No, that's not something wrong with the flat. But I'm going to have to move out.Why did you have to move out?For the last 2 month, a friend has been staying with me. She stayed until she could find a job.That's nice of you.Yes, but I'm not supposed to have anyone staying there.Was that in the rental agreement？Yes, it was. It's ok if a friend stays for a few days but not for more than that.So you broke the agreement even though it was for a good reason.Anyway, one of my neighbors told the landlords about my friend. So now I'm in trouble. The landlord is angry andsays she can't trust me.7That's ridiculous.I told her about my friend and how I'm trying to help her, but she doesn't care.Wow, she doesn't sound very nice.That's right, she isn't nice. She's just interested in money. In fact, she is going to keep my security deposit 押金.How can she do that？Nothing is damaged, right.Right, everything in the flat is fine.She's keeping the deposit because I broke the rental agreement.What about your rent？Yes , that's another problem. I already pay 3 months rent so I hope I can get it back.What can you do if she doesn't return it？I don't know. I told to my agent. He's nice and maybe he can help.Maybe I should refuse to leave the flat until I get it back.Be sure to take picture of your flat.What for?Just to show the condition of your flat. Then she can't say your friend damaged it anyway.Good idea. She's a small-minded心胸狭窄的, evil woman. I should never have rented it from her in the first place.L4 Unit 3-4 listening 职业What kind of career is the best and what kind of qualification?One of most popular careers for kids is the to become an astronaut.Many kids dream of going space when they grow up.They dream of work on a space station or exploring deep space.To become an astronaut, it's important to have the right background.Many astronauts have a background in engineering, physics or medicine.Sometimes they have a military background, such as flying military aircraft.As for pay, astronaut can earn a good salary but not great.Another popular career is to become a musician or actor.Many kids dream of become a famous singer or movie stars.However, most of musician or actor don't become famous.They are usually paid by the hour or by the performance.Only a very few have lots of money.So the best advice is not to be a musician or actor unless that's your real passion.Becoming a professional athlete is another dream job for many.It's nice to imagine play a favorite sport and getting paid for it.However, becoming a famous athlete takes a lot of work and practice.Great athletes practice for hours a day with teammates and coaches.They also work regularly with trainers to keep their body strong.The level of pay for athletes depends on the success and the level of their performance.Athletes often have short career because of the physical requirement of their sport.When you are no longer able to compete in a high level, some athletes become coaches.Firefighters and police officers are important job that help and protect people.These careers require applicants to complete training programs and pass the written and physical tests. 8These jobs can be exciting and dangerous so they require courage and sometimes sacrifice.When considering salary and benefits, some of the lowest paying jobs are in the hospitality and beauty industries.For example, food service worker and hairstyles generously have low salaries.This kind of job don't require much of the education or training.But again, if you enjoy what you're doing, that may be good enough.For example, you may really enjoy talking with your customers.Spending your life doing something you dislike can be very unsatisfying, even if the salary is high.Some of the highest paid professions includes doctors, lawyers and scientists.However, these professions 职业require high level of education and training.The path to becoming a doctor, for example, is a long one.Doctors require a university degree, several years in medical school, and several more years in experience.Only then are they certified as a medical doctor or MD.So it doesn't make sense to consider these professions unless you are willing to work hard for many years.And because, you should really care doing the work well.L4 Unit 3-4 vocabulary 战争和生物Civil 内战wars are fought between citizens of the same country and are fought within the country. If citizens of a country disagree about the policy or leader, they may fight a civil war.A world war is fought when countries form alliances and these alliances fight each other.A world war involves many or most of the world's most powerful countries.There were 2 world war in the 20th century.Terrorism involves groups of individuals rather than countries.Terrorists may come from different countries and they may share the same beliefs.Terrorists often use car-bombings or suicide attacks on innocent people.A terrorist attack can happen at any time and any place.An invasion侵略occurs when one country attacks another.It sends its army to the other country and attempts to take control.One of most famous invasions was when France invaded Russia in 1812.A defensive 防御的war occurs when a country is attacked and needs to defend itself.Most of countries have military so that it can defend itself if it's attacked.When France invaded Russia in 1812, the Russia army fought a defensive war and defeated the French army.A cell 细胞is the basic unit of life.A cell is smallest structure that can live and reproduce.Cells grow and develop, reproduce and interact with the environment.Photosynthesis光合作用/,foto's?nθ?s?s/ was one of most important biological processes.It allows plants to capture and use light as an energy source.Photosynthesis is the process of converting light energy into chemical energy.9A virus is small biological structure that attacks and enters cells.Once inside a cell, a virus reproduces and makes many copies of itself.Some diseases such influenza /,?nflu'?nz?/ (流感)are viruses.Bacteria are one-celled forms of life that are all around us.Although they have a single cell structure, they are very important.Many bacteria are inside us and help us digest our food.DNA is a complex molecule that stores information and can make copies of itself.Nearly any cells in a person's body has the same DNA.The information stored in DNA tells cells what to do and it's necessary for reproduction.L4 Unit 3-4 dialogue 旅馆更换房间Good evening, sir. How can I help you?Yes, we just check in and our room is unacceptable. It's room 1810.Is there something wrong with the room?Yes, there certainly is. We requested a non-smoking room but the room smiles of smoke.Let me check. Yes, that room is supposed to be a non-smoking room.Well, somebody certainly doesn't follow the rules. The current smoke is cigars. We can hardly breath and thewindows don't open.Right, the windows don't open, sir. I really sorry about this. Let me see if I can find you another room. Yes, please. We certainly can't stay in that room. Both our kids have asthma哮喘/'?zm?/, so the smell of smokecan cause breathing problems.Yes, I understand your concern. Sir, I'm afraid we don't have any other rooms with two double beds. If you'llexcuse me, I will speak with my manager.Thank you. We were really tired and we would like to get rest as soon as possible.Yes, I understand. If you don't mind, could you wait in the lounge 休息室near the elevators? I shouldn't be long.Sure, I hope it doesn't take time.Good evening, I'm the manager here. I'm sorry to hear about your room.Yes, we are not happy and we were really tired. I hope you can help us.I'm sure we can. Since we don't have another non-smoking room for you, we will upgrade your suite. Will that beok?Yes, there will be fine. There is no extra cost, right.No, sir. There would be no extra charge.And it's non-smoking, right.Yes, sir. I've confirmed that is non-smoking.Thanks I really appreciate your help.。
懂你英语Level4 Unit 3
L4 Unit 3-1 listening时间花费Look at these 2 pie graphs. They show how these 2 people spend their days, not including weekends. The one on the top shows how Emma divides up her days. She is a designer who works for a company.As Emma’s graph shows, the bigges t portion of her day is spent w orking. She works an average of 8 hours a day, which is one third of her day. She gets an average of 6 hours to sleep which is 25% of her day. That’s less sleep than Martin gets. According to his graph, he gets an average of 7 hours to sleep which is about 29% of his day. On the other hand, Martine who is engineer, works more hours than Emma does. Martine average 9 hours a day at work co mpare to Emma’s 8. That’s % compare to 33%.Other factors shown in the graph included time for meals and commuting to work. Other activities include getting dress and doing household chores such as doing laundry and paying bills. As you can see, for Martin, commuting is taking a large amount of his time. If he could reduce his commute time, he will have more time for other things. And it isn’t just the time. When the traffic is really heavy his commute is stressful. It will be great if he can work from home one or two days a week. He life will be more enjoyable.And we look at Emma’s graph, we see she probably needs more sleep. Perhaps, she should spend a bit less time socializing with her friends. On the other hand, socializing with her friend is some thing she really values. As for putting on makeup, she isn’t willing to change that. For her, exercising, socializing and staying beautiful help her deal with the stressful work. In conclusion, Emma and Martin both wish there were more hours in a day.This next graph shows how various factors compare important to 1350 jobs applicants. Applicants were between 20 to 25 years ago. They were asked to list which factors were most important for a good job. As the graph shows, money was the most important factor for 25% of the applicants. However, other factors are also important. The second most important factor was the work environment. In other words, for many, money is everything. People want to like where they work. In fact, if we combine working environment andco-workers, the total is 35%. This is well above the 25% for salary and benefits. Taking together, they are more important than salary and benefits. Career path is also important especially for younger applicants. They want to see that their job helps to build a successful career. For older workers, this may not be as important. Older workers often put the higher value on the balance between life and work. What do you think.L4 Unit 3-1 vocabulary领土、军事、政治、政权状态The government of a country is a control system. Governments make laws and provide services to their citizens.The land over which a government has controlled, is its territory.A country’s territory has boundaries or borders. When you leave or enter a country’s territory, you usually need a passport.The territory of a country is defined by its boundaries.A country’s militaryprovidesde fensefor its territory and its citizens. The military includes an army, an air force and a navy. The main purpose of a military, is to defend a country from attack.A country’s criminal justice system includes the police, courts and prisons. Its purpose is to enforce the law and protect the people from criminal activities.A country social services system provides support to people in need. It provides basic health care services and helps poor people support their children.Anarchy n.混乱;无政府状态;无秩序autocracy n.独裁;独裁统治;独裁政府;独裁政体Oligarchy n.寡头统治的政府;寡头政治的执政集团;寡头统治的国家Astate of anarchy exits when a country has no effective government. In anarchy, there is nobody to make decisions or enforce the laws.An autocracy is the simplest form of government. In an autocracy, the government is controlled by single individual, known as autocrat. Whether or not an autocracy is successful, depends on the character and ability of the leader.In an oligarchy, a small group of people controls the government. Membership in this group often depends on family connection, wealth or military power.In a republic, individuals are elected to represent the citizens. The power of government in a republic is limited by a constitution.A constitution is a written document that makes the rules for a government to follow. This limits the power of a government. A constitution defines the relationship between the government and its citizens.L4 Unit 3-1 dialogue谈论工作Ihear you lost your job, is that rightYes, that’s right. I quit. I quit becaus e the way my boss treats people.What happen.I was n’t feeling good one day and he yelled at me. While I told him not to yell at me, he threatened me.Is that all. That’s what bosses do.Sure, sometime maybe. But my treated everyone badly and I was tired of it. It was the less *The last strYes, it reached the point where I couldn’t take it anymore.I see. So now you d on’t have a job.Right, I don’t have a job.But at least I don’t have to deal with my boss thing. What are you going to do nowTo be hone st, I’m not sure. but I’ll fine something. I’ll get a job even if it pays less than before.Are you sorry your quit.Yes and no. I guess I should have found another job first and then quit.Why didn’t you.As I said, he pushed me too far. There were some things that I just won take.What about your wife.She isn’t happy that I don’t have a job but she understands. She knows I have temper.And she knows I wasn’t happy working there.Well, I get some luck. My job isn’t great. but I like the people I’m working with and I like my manager.Are you planning to stay thereIdon’t know.For now, it’s ok. But of course i t all depends on how things change. Well if you hear of any job openings, let me know, OK.Sure, send me your resume and I’ll let people know you’re looking. Thanks.L4 Unit 3-2 listening朗朗Lang Lang is one of the world’s greatest concert pianist. His first contact with western music was when he was just 2 years old. He watched the canton in which a cat played a famous piece by Franz Liszt. From this experience, he decided he wanted to learn to play piano. When he was 3 and a half years ago, he started piano lessons. 2 years later, he won first place in the piano competition. This early success gave his father great hope that Lang Land will became the world greatest pianist.When Lang Lang was 9 years ago, his father quit his job and took him to Beijing. They left everything behind including his mother who had to work. Lang Lang didn’t want to leave her behind but his father insisted. His father wanted him to study at famous Central Conservatory of Music. When they moved to Beijing, they rented a flat in a poor area of the city. During this time, Lang Lang practiced several hours a day. They started practicing at 5 o’clock which upset his neighbors. The y would often pound on his door and ask him to stop practicing. They were so angry that he often feared that they would beat him up.Lang Lang usually had piano lessons once a week to prepare for the conservatory. Nearly 2000 students were applying for just 12 places at the conservatory. His lessons were expensive and very difficult, especially because of his piano teacher. His music teacher didn’t like Lang Lang. he called his teacher professor Angry because she always gavehim a hard time. One afternoon, his teacher told him he had no talent and told him to go home.Upon hearing the news, his father screamed and seemed to lose his mind. His father told him that everything was destroyed and there was no reason to live. He ordered Lang Lang to jumpoff the 11th-floor balcony. After this, Lang Lang almost went crazy. He didn’t want to play the piano anymore.For several months, he neither played the piano nor spoke to his father. Then some friends encouraged him to play a piece for them and he realized his great love of piano. For the next 19 months, he practiced hard and his father encouraged him. Finally, when he was ten, he was accepted into the Conservatory with a full scholarship. In 1995, when he was 13 years old, he played music by show * at Beijing concert hall. In that same year, he won first place at an international competition for young musicians in Japan. When he was 15, he moved to the United States and began to study with the famous pianist at C institute. Since then, he career has grown and he has become a major star. One of the American music critics called him the biggest most exiting key of talent I haven’t encountered many a year of attention piano recycles.In 2010, Lang Lang signed a recalling contract for several million dollars. In 2011, he performed at white house for president of Obama of United States and Hu Jintao of China.With all of his success and fame, Lang Lang tries to encourage others. He uses his fame to spread the popularity of classic music and encourage young musicians. And in the end, Lang Lang and his father have rebuilt their relationship. In his autobiography, Mr. Lang dedicated the book to his mother and father.L4 Unit 3-2 vocabulary财务、地理Aperson debt is how much he or she owes to others. Debt can be in the form of money, products and services owes to someone else. If you borrow money, they were taking on new debt.An asset is something that has value, such as money, property or even a nice personality. Assets can be used to pay off debts. Specializedknowledge or skills are also assets that can be used to get a job or earn money.Real estate is properties such as land, houses and buildings. Buying, selling or renting property is the business of real estate. Buying or selling real estate is popular for investments.Invento ry is a detail list of items in one’s possession. In business, one’s inventory is the supply of items that are ready for sale. If a store runs out of the things for sale, it needs to resupply its inventory.An investment is the purchase of assets with the hope that its value will increase. A good investment can produce income, such as rent income. If the value of that assets falls, the investment will lose money.China is the second largest country in the world by land area. A major issue for china isthe continuing expansion of its desserts which had led the dust storms each spring. Many of the world most polluted cities are located there.South Asia is referred to as Indian sub-contin ent. It’s called the sub-continent because it separated from the rest of Asia by mountains and sea. It’s one of world’s poorest region with about 75% of the poor living in rural areas.Europe is western neighbor of Asia. It’s separate d from Asia by Ural Mountains which extent for 1500 miles in the north south direction from the Antarctic ocean.The Philippines is the only country in Asia with a majority of Christians. The Philippines is an island Nation with over 7000 islands. It’s located on the south China sea. The country’s capital city is Manila.Asia is the world largest continent covering about 30% of the earth land area. Several island nations are also a part of Asia, including Japan. The world’s tallest mountain is in Asia, including Mount Everest.L4 Unit 3-2 dialogue谈论投票选举Hey, have you decided how you’re going to v ote.Not, I haven’t. I don’t like any kind of candidates.So you aren’t going to vote.Mu. I don’t know. Probably not. It seems like a waste of time.Really, why do you think of a waste of time.Have you listened to any of their speechesYes, I have and I agree that their speeches are n’t very good.Exactly. I can’t believe anything they say. They are just saying what they think we want to hear.Sure, you want to get elected. I admit th at the system isn’t perfect and it’s always have. Whether I vote or not won’t make a difference. It’s all the show.Well, I think you should vote. Do a little research about the candidates.Have youYes, I have. I have looked into their backgrounds and their education.How can that helpFor example, if they know something about science, it could help the government make a better decision about issues such as climate change.Yes, that’s good point. We need well-educated people make decisions.And I look to see what kind of people are supporting them.What issues do you think are most importantI guess for me, pollution, housing and taxes are important. I want to know howgovernment plans to deal with these issues.Yes, I agree with you. Maybe I will vote, especially if we could get together and talk more about it.Whatabout dinner tomorrow nightSorry, I’m busy tomorrow night.Oh, that’s too bad. Do you have any time in the next few days I will take you to a nice restaurant.Actually, I’m quite busy. But I may have time Sunday afternoon. We can have lunch someone near the office.Sure, that was for me. I will give you a call on Saturday and we can decide the details, ok OK, I will be looking forward to seeing which candidate you support.L4 Unit 3-3 listening蜜蜂、蜂农与环境Honeybees play an interesting and important role in nature. In additional to making honey, honeybees help many plants reproduce. They do this by pollinating the plant which means to transfer pollen. Pollination occurs when pollen is moved within a plant’s flower or carried to another flower. This is how the plant reproduce. For reproduction to succeed, the pollen must be transferred from the male part of the flower to the female part. Many plants depend on the pollen for reproduction. This included many fruits and vegetables. Beside honeybees, there are many other pollinators including birds, insects and other kind of bees. Without enough pollinators, many of our favorite fruits and vegetable will become more expensive and hard to find. This included almonds and cherries.Honeybee are important pollinators and play an important role in agriculture. Beekeepers are people who keep honeybees. In addition to collecting honey, some beekeepers provide pollination services for farmers. They do this by raising and managing colonis of bees. Farmers need colonies to pollinate their crops. Beekeepers can provide and manage of bee colonies to farmers.Honeybees are social insects that live in colonies. A bee colony consists of a queen bee, male drones and thousands of male worker bees. Each colony also contains eggs and immature bees in various stage of development. The number of bees within a colony depends on the seasonal changes. A colony’s population increase s during the warm season and decreases during the colder season.In recent year, many bee colonies have collapsed or disappeared. A bee colony collapses occurs when a majority of bee in colony disappear and leave behind the beekeepers have reported losing 30 to 90 % of their colonies. This loss of bee colonies can cause significant problems for farmers who depend on them to pollinate their crops. In some parts of the world, a shortage of bees has increased the cost of renting bees by up to 20%.There are several possible causes for bee colony collapse. One possible cause is the use of new pesticides. Other possible causes include infections from viruses, genetic factors and malnutrition（营养不良）. Changing weather patterns may also play a role as summers get hotter and winters get colder. These changes in weather may weaken the bees, making it more difficult for them to fight infections. Whatever the causes of colony collapse, it’s important to understand that many parts of our world are inter dependent. Changes that effect on one species may have serious effects on other species. A change to our environment, can start a chain of event that is difficult to predict. In any complex system such as the earth environment, small changes can cause a un consequences. The danger of un consequences is something that we all need to understand better.L4 Unit 3-3 vocabulary商品、服务和工作Goods and services supply whatpeople need or want. Goods are things such food and clothing. Services included things such as health care and police protection.A country needs natural and human resources. Natural resources include fresh water supplies, farmland and energy sources such as oil and wind. Human resources includes a skilled workforce that can produce goods and services.Once we had supplies of goods and services, they need to distribute throughout the country. Highways and railways are both way to transport thing from one part of country to another.Electricity are distributed through a system of transmition lines.We live in an age of advertising. Advertising lets people know about goods and services. It educates people about a product being advertised.Trade allows for the exchange of goods and services between different countries. Exports are goods and services that are sold to another country. Imports are goods and services that are brought from other country. For example, many countries import oil from countries such as Saudi Arabia.Employees are the people who work for a company. Some employees do basic work suchas operating a machine or driving a track. People who hire and direct the work of other are managers.Interview is one way to find out about a person who applies for a job. In an interview, the applicants can ask question abo ut a company and company can find out about a person’s skills and experience.An entrepreneur is someone who starts a company. Entrepreneurs often have new ideas and ways of doing things that can give company advantage.Salary and benefits are used to attract new employees into a company. If the salary and benefits are good enough, employees may take a job and stay with the company. Benefits includes vacation time, health insurance and bonusesfor employees who do a good job.When apply for job, it’s important to have skills and experience needed for the job. Developing and increasing skills and experience is good way to prepare for a job. Each job a person has is an opportunity to learn new things and develop new skills.Advertises try to increase to the demand for a product or service.Education and training are ways to develop a skilled workforce.UnforeseenL4 Unit 3-3 dialogue谈论租房与房东You don’t look good, is somethin g bothering you.Yes, it’s my landlord.Oh, is it something wrong with your flat.No, that’s not something wrong with the flat. But I’m going to have to move out.Why did you have to move outFor the last 2 month, a friend has been staying with me. She stayed until she could find a job.That’s nice of you.Yes, but I’m not supposed to have anyone staying there.Was that in the rental agreement.Yes, it was. It’s ok if a friend stays for few days but not for more than that.So you broke the agreement even though it was for a good reason.Anyway, one of my neighbors told the landlords about my friend. So now I’m in trouble. The landlord is angry and says she can’t trust me.That’s ridiculous.I told her about my friend and how I’m trying to help her, but she d oesn’t care.Wow, she doesn’t sound very nice.That’s right, she isn’t ’s just interested in money. In fact, she is going to keep my security deposit.How can she do that. Nothing is damaged, right.Right, everything in the flat is fine.She’s keeping the deposit because I broke the rental agreement.What about your rent.Yes , that’s another problem. I already pay 3 months rent so I hope I can get it back. What can you do if she doesn’t return it.I don’t know. I told to my agent. He’s nice and maybe he ca n help.Maybe I should refuse to leave the flat until I get it back.Be sure to take picture of your flat.What forJust to show the condition of your flat. Then she can’t say your friend damaged it anyway. Good idea. She’s a small-minded, evil woman. I should never have rented it from her in the first place.L4 Unit 3-4 listening职业What kind of career is the best and what kind of qualificationOne of most popular careers for kids is the to become an astronaut. Many kids dream of going space when they grow up. They dream of work on a space station or exploring deep space. To become an ast ronaut, it’s important to have the right background. Many astronauts have a background in engineering, physics or medicine. Sometime they have a militarybackground, such as flying military aircraft. As for pay, astronaut can earn a good salary but not great.Another popular career is to become a musician or actor. Many kids dream of become a famous singer or movie stars. However, most of musician or actor don’t become famo us. They are usually paid by the hour or by the performance. Only a very few have lots of money. So the best advice is not to be a musician or actor unless that’s your real passion. Becoming a professional athlete is another dre am job for many. It’s nice to imagine play a favorite sport and getting paid for it. However, becoming a famous athlete takes a lot of work and practice. Great athletes practice for hours a day with teammates and coaches. They also work regularly with trainers to keep their body strong. The level of pay for athletes depends on the success and the level of their performance. Athletes often have short career because of the physical requirement of their sport. When you are no longer able to compete in a high level, some athletes become coaches.Firefightersand police officers are important job that help and protect people. These careers require applicants to complete training programs and pass the written and physical tests. These jobs can be exciting and dangerous so they require courage andsometimes sacrifice.When considering salary and benefits, some of the lowest paying jobs are in the hospitality and beauty industries. For example, food service worker and hairstyles generously have low salaries. This ki nd of job don’t r equire muc h of the education or training. But again, if you enjoy what you’re doing, that may be good enough. For example, you may really enjoy talking with your customers. Spending your life doing something you dislike can be very unsatisfying, even if the salary is high.Some of the highest paid professions includes doctors, lawyers and scientists. However, these professions require high level of education and training. The path to becoming a doctor, for example, is a long one. Doctors require a university degree, several years in medical school, and several more years in experience. Only then are they certified as a medical doctor or MD. So it doesn’t make sense to consider these professionsunless you are willing to work hard for many years. And because, you should really care doing the work well.L4 Unit 3-4 vocabulary战争和生物Civil wars are fought betweencitizens of the same country and are fought within the country. If citizens of a country disagree about the policy or leader, they may fight a civil war.A world war is fought when countries form alliances and these alliances fight each other. A world war involves many or most of the world’s most powerful countries. There were 2 world war in the 20th century.Terrorism involves groups of individuals rather than countries. Terrorists may come from different countries and they may share the same beliefs. Terrorists often use car-bombings or suicide attacks on innocent people. A terrorist attack can happen at any time and any place.An invasion occurs when one country attacks another. It sends its army to the other country and attempts to take control. One of most famous invasions was when France invaded Russia in 1812.Adefensive war occurs when a country is attacked and needs to defend itself. Most of countries have military so that it can defend itself if it’s attacked. when France invaded Russia in 1812, the Russia army fought a defensive war and defeated the French army.Acell is the basic unit of life. A cell is smallest structure that can live and reproduce. Cells grow and develop, reproduce and interact with the environment.Photosynthesis was one of most important biological processes. It allows plants to capture and use lightas an energy source. photosynthesis is the process of converting light energy into chemical energy.A virus is small biological structure that attacks and enters cells. Once inside a cell, a virus reproduces and makes many copies of itself. Some diseases such influenza(流感)are viruses.Bacteria are one-celled forms of life that are all around us. Although they have a single cell structure, they are very important. Many bacteria are inside us and help us digest our food.DNA is a complex molecule that stores information and can make copies of itself. Nearly any cells in a person’s body has the sam e DNA. Theinformation stored in DNA tells cells what to do and it’s necessary for reproduction.L4 Unit 3-4 dialogue旅馆更换房间Good evening, sir. How can I help youYes, we just check in and our room is unacceptable. It’s room 1810.Is there something wrong with the roomYes, there certainly is. We requested a non-smoking room but the room smiles of smoke. Let me check. Yes, that room is supposed to be anon-smoking room.Well, somebody certainly doesn’t follow the rules. The current smoke is cigars. We c an hardly breath and the windows don’t open.Right, the windows don’t open, sir. I really sorry about this. Let me see if I can find you another room.Yes, please. We certainly can’t stay in that room. Both our kids have asthma, so the smell of smoke can cause breathing problems.Yes, I understand your concern. Sir, I’m afraid we don’t have any other rooms with two double beds. If you’ll excuse me, I will speak with my manager.Thank you. We were really tired and we would like to get rest as soon as possible.Yes, I understand. If you don’t mind, could you wait in the lounge near the elevators I shouldn’t be long.Sure, I hope it doesn’t take time.Good evening, I’m the manager here. I’m sorry to hear about your room.Yes, we are not happy and we were really tired. I hope you can help us.I’m sure we can. Since we don’t have another non-smoking room for you, we will upgradeyour suite. Will that be okYes, there will be fine. There is no extra cost, right.No, sir. There would be no extra charge.And it’s non-smoking, right.Yes, sir. I’ve confirmed that is non-smoking.Thanks I really appreciate your help.It’s my pleasure, sir. I hope you and your family have a wonderful stay with us. Here is my card. If there is anything else I can do for you, please let me know.I will. Have a good evening.Thank you, sir. And once again, let me apology for the same inconvenience.。
懂你英语Level4Unit3
懂你英语Level4-Unit-3————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期：L4 Unit 3-1 listening时间花费Look at these 2 pie graphs. They show how these 2 people spend their days, not including weekends. The one on the top shows how Emma divides up her days. She is a designer who works for a company.As Emma’s graph shows, the biggest portion of her day is spent w orking. She works an average of 8 hours a day, which is one third of her day. She gets an average of 6 hours to sleep which is 25% of her day. That’s less sleep than Martin gets. According to his graph, he gets an average of 7 hours to sleep which is about 29% of his day. On the other hand, Martine who is engineer, works more hours than Emma does. Martine average 9 hours a day at work co mpare to Emma’s 8. That’s 37.5% compare to 33%.Other factors shown in the graph included time for meals and commuting to work. Other activities include getting dress and doing household chores such as doing laundry and paying bills. As you can see, for Martin, commuting is taking a large amount of his time. If he could reduce his commute time, he will have more time for other things. And it isn’t just the time. When the traffic is really heavy his commute is stressful. It will be great if he can work from home one or two days a week. He life will be more enjoyable.And we look at Emma’s graph, we see she probably needs more sleep. Perhaps, she should spend a bit less time socializing with her friends. On the other hand, socializing with her friend is some thing she really values. As for putting on makeup, she isn’t willing to change that. For her, exercising, socializing and staying beautiful help her deal with the stressful work. In conclusion, Emma and Martin both wish there were more hours in a day.This next graph shows how various factors compare important to 1350 jobs applicants. Applicants were between 20 to 25 years ago. They were asked to list which factors were most important for a good job. As the graph shows, money was the most important factor for 25% of the applicants. However, other factors are also important. The second most important factor was the work environment. In other words, for many, money is everything. People want to like where they work. In fact, if we combine working environment and co-workers, the total is 35%. This is well above the 25% for salary and benefits. Taking together, they are more important than salary and benefits. Career path is also important especially for younger applicants. They want to see that their job helps to build a successful career. For older workers, this may not be as important. Older workers often put the higher value on the balance between life and work. What do you think.L4 Unit 3-1 vocabulary领土、军事、政治、政权状态The government of a country is a control system. Governments make laws and provide services to their citizens.The land over which a government has controlled, is its territory. A country’s territory has boundaries or borders. When you leave or enter a country’s territory, you usually need a passport.The territory of a country is defined by its boundaries.A country’s militaryprovidesdefensefor its territory and its citizens. The military includes an army, an air force and a navy. The main purpose of a military, is to defend a country from attack.A country’s criminal justice system includes the police, courts and prisons. Its purpose is to enforce the law and protect the people from criminal activities.A country social services system provides support to people in need. It provides basic health care services and helps poor people support their children.Anarchy n.混乱;无政府状态;无秩序autocracy n.独裁;独裁统治;独裁政府;独裁政体Oligarchy n.寡头统治的政府;寡头政治的执政集团;寡头统治的国家Astate of anarchy exits when a country has no effective government. In anarchy, there is nobody to make decisions or enforce the laws.An autocracy is the simplest form of government. In an autocracy, the government is controlled by single individual, known as autocrat. Whether or not an autocracy is successful, depends on the character and ability of the leader.In an oligarchy, a small group of people controls the government. Membership in this group often depends on family connection, wealth or military power.In a republic, individuals are elected to represent the citizens. The power of government in a republic is limited by a constitution.A constitution is a written document that makes the rules for a government to follow. This limits the power of a government. A constitution defines the relationship between the government and its citizens.L4 Unit 3-1 dialogue谈论工作Ihear you lost your job, is that right?Yes, that’s right. I quit. I quit because the way my boss treats people.What happen.I was n’t feeling good one day and he yelled at me. While I told hi m not to yell at me, he threatened me.Is that all. That’s what bosses do.Sure, sometime maybe. But my treated everyone badly and I was tired of it. It was the less *The last str ?Yes, it reached the point where I couldn’t take it anymore.I see. So now you d on’t have a job.Right, I don’t have a job.But at least I don’t have to deal with my boss thing. What are you going to do now?To be honest, I’m not sure. but I’ll fine something. I’ll get a job even if it pays less than before.Are you sorry your quit.Yes and no. I guess I should have found another job first and then quit.Why didn’t you.As I said, he pushed me too far. There were some things that I just won take.What about your wife.She isn’t happy that I don’t have a job but she understands. She knows I have temper.And she knows I wasn’t happy working there.Well, I get some luck. My job isn’t great. but I like the people I’m working with and I like my manager.Are you planning to stay there?Idon’t know.For now, it’s ok. But of course i t a ll depends on how things change.Well if you hear of any job openings, let me know, OK.Sure, send me your resume and I’ll let people know you’re looking. Thanks.L4 Unit 3-2 listening朗朗Lang Lang is one of the world’s greatest concert pianist. His first contact with western music was when he was just 2 years old. He watched the canton in which a cat played a famous piece by Franz Liszt. From this experience, he decided he wanted to learn to play piano. When he was 3 and a half years ago, he started piano lessons. 2 years later, he won first place in the piano competition. This early success gave his father great hope that Lang Land will became the world greatest pianist.When Lang Lang was 9 years ago, his father quit his job and took him to Beijing. They left everything behind including his mother who had to work. Lang Lang didn’t want to leave her behind but his father insisted. His father wanted him to study at famous Central Conservatory of Music. When they moved to Beijing, they rented a flat in a poor area of the city. During this time, Lang Lang practiced several hours a day. They started practicing at 5 o’clock which upset his neighbors. They would often pound on his door and ask him to stop practicing. They were so angry that he often feared that they would beat him up.Lang Lang usually had piano lessons once a week to prepare for the conservatory. Nearly 2000 students were applying for just 12 places at the conservatory. His lessons were expensive and very difficult, especially because of his pian o teacher. His music teacher didn’t like Lang Lang. he called his teacher professor Angry because she always gave him a hard time. One afternoon, his teacher told him he had no talent and told him to go home.Upon hearing the news, his father screamed and seemed to lose his mind. His father told him that everything was destroyed and there was no reason to live. He ordered Lang Lang to jumpoff the 11th-floor balcony. After this, Lang Lang almost went crazy. He didn’t want to play the piano anymore.For several months, he neither played the piano nor spoke to his father. Then some friends encouraged him to play a piece for them and he realized his great love of piano. For the next 19 months, he practiced hard and his father encouraged him. Finally, when he was ten, he was accepted into the Conservatory with a full scholarship. In 1995, when he was 13 years old, he played music by show * at Beijing concert hall. In that same year, he won first place at an international competition for young musicians in Japan. When he was 15, he moved to the United States and began to study with the famous pianist at C institute. Since then, he career has grown and he has become a major star. One of the American music critics called him the biggest most exiting key of talent I ha ven’t encountered many a year of attention piano recycles.In 2010, Lang Lang signed a recalling contract for several million dollars. In 2011, he performed at white house for president of Obama of United States and Hu Jintao of China.With all of his success and fame, Lang Lang tries to encourage others. He uses his fame to spread the popularity of classic music and encourage young musicians. And in the end, Lang Lang and his father have rebuilt their relationship. In his autobiography, Mr. Lang dedicated the book to his mother and father.L4 Unit 3-2 vocabulary财务、地理Aperson debt is how much he or she owes to others. Debt can be in the form of money, products and services owes to someone else. If you borrow money, they were taking on new debt.An asset is something that has value, such as money, property or even a nice personality. Assets can be used to pay off debts. Specialized knowledge or skills are also assets that can be used to get a job or earn money.Real estate is properties such as land, houses and buildings. Buying, selling or renting property is the business of real estate. Buying or selling real estate is popular for investments.Inventory is a detail list of items in one’s possession. In business, one’s inventory is the supply of items that are ready for sale. If a store runs out of the things for sale, it needs to resupply its inventory.An investment is the purchase of assets with the hope that its value will increase. A good investment can produce income, such as rent income. If the value of that assets falls, the investment will lose money.China is the second largest country in the world by land area. A major issue for china isthe continuing expansion of its desserts which had led the dust storms each spring. Many of the world most polluted cities are located there.South Asia is referred to as Indian sub-contin ent. It’s called thesub-continent because it separated from the rest of Asia by mountains and sea. It’s one of world’s poorest region with about 75% of the poor living in rural areas.Europe is western neighbor of Asia. It’s separate d from Asia by Ural Mountains which extent for 1500 miles in the north south direction from the Antarctic ocean.The Philippines is the only country in Asia with a majority of Christians. The Philippines is an island Nation with over 7000 islands. It’s located on the south China sea. The country’s capital city is Manila.Asia is the world largest continent covering about 30% of the earth land area. Several island nations are also a part of Asia, including Japan. The world’s tallest mountain is in Asia, including Mount Everest.L4 Unit 3-2 dialogue谈论投票选举Hey, have you decided how you’re going to vote.Not, I haven’t. I don’t like any kind of candidates.So you aren’t going to vote.Mu. I don’t know. Proba bly not. It seems like a waste of time.Really, why do you think of a waste of time.Have you listened to any of their speeches?Yes, I have and I agree that their speeches are n’t very good.Exactly. I can’t believe anything they say. They are just saying what they think we want to hear.Sure, you want to get elected. I admit th at the system isn’t perfect and it’s always have. Whether I vote or not won’t make a difference. It’s all the show.Well, I think you should vote. Do a little research about the candidates.Have you?Yes, I have. I have looked into their backgrounds and their education.How can that help?For example, if they know something about science, it could help the government make a better decision about issues such as climate change.Yes, t hat’s good point. We need well-educated people make decisions.And I look to see what kind of people are supporting them.What issues do you think are most important?I guess for me, pollution, housing and taxes are important. I want to know howgovernment plans to deal with these issues.Yes, I agree with you. Maybe I will vote, especially if we could get together and talk more about it.Whatabout dinner tomorrow night?Sorry, I’m busy tomorrow night.Oh, that’s too bad. Do you have any time in the next fe w days? I will take you to a nice restaurant.Actually, I’m quite busy. But I may have time Sunday afternoon. We can have lunch someone near the office.Sure, that was for me. I will give you a call on Saturday and we can decide the details, ok? OK, I will be looking forward to seeing which candidate you support.L4 Unit 3-3 listening蜜蜂、蜂农与环境Honeybees play an interesting and important role in nature. In additional to making honey, honeybees help many plants reproduce. They do this by pollinating the plant which means to transfer pollen. Pollination occurs when pollen is moved within a plant’s flower or carried to another flower. This is how the plant reproduce. For reproduction to succeed, the pollen must be transferred from the male part of the flower to the female part. Many plants depend on the pollen for reproduction. This included many fruits and vegetables. Beside honeybees, there are many other pollinators including birds, insects and other kind of bees. Without enough pollinators, many of our favorite fruits and vegetable will become more expensive and hard to find. This included almonds and cherries.Honeybee are important pollinators and play an important role in agriculture. Beekeepers are people who keep honeybees. In addition to collecting honey, some beekeepers provide pollination services for farmers. They do this by raising and managing colonis of bees. Farmers need colonies to pollinate their crops. Beekeepers can provide and manage of bee colonies to farmers.Honeybees are social insects that live in colonies. A bee colony consists of a queen bee, male drones and thousands of male worker bees. Each colony also contains eggs and immature bees in various stage of development. The number of bees within a colony depends on the seasonal changes. A colony’s population increase s during the warm season and decreases during the colder season.In recent year, many bee colonies have collapsed or disappeared. A bee colony collapses occurs when a majority of bee in colony disappear and leave behind the queen.Some beekeepers have reported losing 30 to 90 % of their colonies. This loss of bee colonies can cause significant problems for farmers who depend on them to pollinate their crops. In some parts of the world, a shortage of bees has increased the cost of renting bees by up to 20%.There are several possible causes for bee colony collapse. One possible cause is the use of new pesticides. Other possible causes include infections from viruses, geneticfactors and malnutrition（营养不良）. Changing weather patterns may also play a role as summers get hotter and winters get colder. These changes in weather may weaken the bees, making it more difficult for them to fight infections. Whatever the causes of colony collapse, it’s important to understand that many parts of our world are inter dependent. Changes that effect on one species may have serious effects on other species. A change to our environment, can start a chain of event that is difficult to predict. In any complex system such as the earth environment, small changes can cause a un consequences. The danger of un consequences is something that we all need to understand better.L4 Unit 3-3 vocabulary商品、服务和工作Goods and services supply whatpeople need or want. Goods are things such food and clothing. Services included things such as health care and police protection.A country needs natural and human resources. Natural resources include fresh water supplies, farmland and energy sources such as oil and wind. Human resources includes a skilled workforce that can produce goods and services.Once we had supplies of goods and services, they need to distribute throughout the country. Highways and railways are both way to transport thing from one part of country to another.Electricity are distributed through a system of transmition lines.We live in an age of advertising. Advertising lets people know about goods and services. It educates people about a product being advertised.Trade allows for the exchange of goods and services between different countries. Exports are goods and services that are sold to another country. Imports are goods and services that are brought from other country. For example, many countries import oil from countries such as Saudi Arabia.Employees are the people who work for a company. Some employees do basic work suchas operating a machine or driving a track. People who hire and direct the work of other are managers.Interview is one way to find out about a person who applies for a job. In an interview, the applicants can ask question abo ut a company and company can find out about a person’s skills and experience.An entrepreneur is someone who starts a company. Entrepreneurs often have new ideas and ways of doing things that can give company advantage.Salary and benefits are used to attract new employees into a company. If the salary and benefits are good enough, employees may take a job and stay with the company. Benefits includes vacation time, health insurance and bonusesfor employees who do a good job.When apply for job, it’s important to have skills and experience needed for the job. Developing and increasing skills and experience is good way to prepare for a job. Each job a person has is an opportunity to learn new things and develop new skills.Advertises try to increase to the demand for a product or service.Education and training are ways to develop a skilled workforce.UnforeseenL4 Unit 3-3 dialogue谈论租房与房东You don’t look good, is something bothering you.Yes, it’s my landlord.Oh, is it something wrong with your flat.No, that’s not something wrong with the flat. But I’m going to have to move out.Why did you have to move out?For the last 2 month, a friend has been staying with me. She stayed until she could find a job.That’s nice of you.Yes, but I’m not supposed to have anyone staying there.Was that in the rental agreement.Yes, it was. It’s ok if a friend stays for few days but not for more than that.So you broke the agreement even though it was for a good reason.Anyway, one of my neighbors told the landlords about my friend. So now I’m in trouble. The landlord is angry and says she can’t trust me.That’s ridiculous.I told her about my friend and how I’m trying to help her, but she doesn’t care.Wow, she doesn’t sound very nice.That’s right, she isn’t nice.She’s just inter ested in money. In fact, she is going to keep my security deposit.How can she do that. Nothing is damaged, right.Right, everything in the flat is fine.She’s keeping the deposit because I broke the rental agreement.What about your rent.Yes , that’s ano ther problem. I already pay 3 months rent so I hope I can get it back. What can you do if she doesn’t return it.I don’t know. I told to my agent. He’s nice and maybe he can help.Maybe I should refuse to leave the flat until I get it back.Be sure to take picture of your flat.What for?Just to show the condition of your flat. Then she can’t say your friend damaged it anyway. Good idea. She’s a small-minded, evil woman. I should never have rented it from her in the first place.L4 Unit 3-4 listening职业What kind of career is the best and what kind of qualification?One of most popular careers for kids is the to become an astronaut. Many kids dream of going space when they grow up. They dream of work on a space station or exploring deep space. To become an a st ronaut, it’s important to have the right background. Many astronauts have a background in engineering, physics or medicine. Sometime they have a military background, such as flying military aircraft. As for pay, astronaut can earn a good salary but not great.Another popular career is to become a musician or actor. Many kids dream of become a famous singer or movie stars. However, most of musician or actor don’t become famous. They are usually paid by the hour or by the performance. Only a very few have lots of money. So the best advice is not to be a musician or actor unless that’s your real passion. Becoming a professional athlete is another dre am job for many. It’s nice to imagine play a favorite sport and getting paid for it. However, becoming a famous athlete takes a lot of work and practice. Great athletes practice for hours a day with teammates and coaches. They also work regularly with trainers to keep their body strong. The level of pay for athletes depends on the success and the level of their performance. Athletes often have short career because of the physical requirement of their sport. When you are no longer able to compete in a high level, some athletes become coaches.Firefightersand police officers are important job that help and protect people. These careers require applicants to complete training programs and pass the written and physical tests. These jobs can be exciting and dangerous so they require courage andsometimes sacrifice.When considering salary and benefits, some of the lowest paying jobs are in the hospitality and beauty industries. For example, food service worker and hairstyles generously have low salaries. This ki nd of job don’t r equire much of the education or training. But again, if you enjoy what you’re doing, that ma y be good enough. For example, you may really enjoy talking with your customers. Spending your life doing something you dislike can be very unsatisfying, even if the salary is high.Some of the highest paid professions includes doctors, lawyers and scientists. However, these professions require high level of education and training. The path to becoming a doctor, for example, is a long one. Doctors require a university degree, several years in medical school, and several more years in experience. Only then are they certified as a medical doctor or MD. So it doesn’t make sense to consider these professions unless you are willing to work hard for many years. And because, you should really care doing the work well.L4 Unit 3-4 vocabulary战争和生物Civil wars are fought betweencitizens of the same country and are fought within the country. If citizens of a country disagree about the policy or leader, they may fight a civil war.A world war is fought when countries form alliances and these alliances fight each other. A world war involves many or most of the world’s most powerful countries. There were 2 world war in the 20th century.Terrorism involves groups of individuals rather than countries. Terrorists may come from different countries and they may share the same beliefs. Terrorists often use car-bombings or suicide attacks on innocent people. A terrorist attack can happen at any time and any place.An invasion occurs when one country attacks another. It sends its army to the other country and attempts to take control. One of most famous invasions was when France invaded Russia in 1812.Adefensive war occurs when a country is attacked and needs to defend itself. Most of countries have military so that it can defend itself if it’s attacked. when France invaded Russia in 1812, the Russia army fought a defensive war and defeated the French army.Acell is the basic unit of life. A cell is smallest structure that can live and reproduce. Cells grow and develop, reproduce and interact with the environment.Photosynthesis was one of most important biological processes. It allows plants to capture and use lightas an energy source. photosynthesis is the process of converting light energy into chemical energy.A virus is small biological structure that attacks and enters cells. Once inside a cell, a virus reproduces and makes many copies of itself. Some diseases such influenza(流感)are viruses.Bacteria are one-celled forms of life that are all around us. Although they have a single cell structure, they are very important. Many bacteria are inside us and help us digest our food.DNA is a complex molecule that stores information and can make copies of itself. Nearly any cells in a person’s body has the same DNA. The information stored in DNA tells cells what to do and it’s necessary for reproduction.L4 Unit 3-4 dialogue旅馆更换房间Good evening, sir. How can I help you?Yes, we just check in and our room is unacceptable. It’s room 1810.Is there something wrong with the room?Yes, there certainly is. We requested a non-smoking room but the room smiles of smoke. Let me check. Yes, that room is supposed to be anon-smoking room.Well, somebody certainly doesn’t follow the rules. The current smoke is cigars. We can hardly breath and the windows don’t open.Right, the windows don’t open, sir. I really sorry about this. Let me see if I can find you another room.Yes, please. We certainly can’t stay in that room. Both our kids have asthma, so the smell of smoke can cause breathing problems.Yes, I understand your concern. Sir, I’m afraid we don’t have any other rooms with two double beds. If you’ll excuse me, I will speak with my manager.Thank you. We were really tired and we would like to get rest as soon as possible.Yes, I understand. If you don’t mind, could you wait in the lounge near the e levators? I shouldn’t be long.Sure, I hope it doesn’t take time.Good evening, I’m the manager here. I’m sorry to hear about your room.Yes, we are not happy and we were really tired. I hope you can help us.I’m sure we can. Since we don’t have another no n-smoking room for you, we will upgradeyour suite. Will that be ok?Yes, there will be fine. There is no extra cost, right.No, sir. There would be no extra charge.And it’s non-smoking, right.Yes, sir. I’ve confirmed that is non-smoking.Thanks I really appreciate your help.It’s my pleasure, sir. I hope you and your family have a wonderful stay with us. Here is my card. If there is anything else I can do for you, please let me know.I will. Have a good evening.Thank you, sir. And once again, let me apology for the same inconvenience.。
流利说_懂你英语_Level4_Unit1
Level4 Unit1 Part1 Listening - Visiting a friend 1 Christina is on a two-week vacation.This is the first vacation she has had for a long time.The last vacation she took was more than two years ago.Now she is visiting a friend in San Francisco.Her friend and her husband are living near the center of the city.He works for a start-up company in Silicon Valley.While he is working, she works part-time at a department store.Christina hasn't seen her friend for a long time.The last time they saw each other was 3 years ago.At that time, they were both working at a department store.Then Christina quit her job and started her own business.She designs women's clothing.She has 2 employees now and her company is slowly growing.Christina has come to San Francisco by herself .Her husband didn't come because he has to work.He tried to start a company 2 years ago but it didn't work out.His company failed after only a few months.So now he's working at another company and saving money.Once he saves enough money he plans to start another company.He doesn't want to give up.This is the second time Christina has been to San Francisco.The first time was when she was a high school student.That was more than 10 years ago.During that trip she was only in San Francisco for a few days.After that she went to Los Angeles and New York.This time she and her friend plan to relax and have fun.Level4 Unit1 Part1 Listening - Visiting a friend 2 Christina arrived two days ago, the day before yesterday.Her friend met her at the airport and drove her to her apartment.Her apartment is just North of the airport about 20 minutes from San Francisco. It's a small apartment, but it's on a hill and it has a great view.Yesterday, they went downtown and rode the cable cars.Christina was surprised by how steep the hills are.Then they walked along the ocean and ate lunch at a seafood restaurant.From the restaurant, they could see the Golden Gate Bridge.Tomorrow they're planning to drive to Yosemite National Park.By car it's about 4 hours away.Christina has never been there before, so she is excited.She has heard that the park is very beautiful.Her friend has been to Yosemite several times.She says it's one of the most beautiful places in the world.Christina just hopes that her friend is a good driver.Level4 Unit1 Part1 Vocabulary- Pains and Sickness Headaches can be very painful and can last for a long time.If you have a headache your head hurts.A sprained ankle can be so painful that you can't walk.Someone with a sprained ankle may need to use crutches to walk.If you have a sore throat, it may be painful to swallow.A sore throat can be caused by viruses or bacteria.A burn is an injury to the skin caused by fire or heat.If you get too close to a fire, you will be burned.An earache is a sharp, dull or burning pain in the ear.Common causes of an earache include an infection, a change in air pressure or water in the ear.(Earaches occur more often among small children than adults.)(A headache can be caused by an injury to the head.)Level4 Unit1 Part1 Vocabulary- LandformsMountains are landforms higher than 2000 feet, or about 600 meters, above sea level. Hills are like mountains, but not as tall.Mountains are formed by forces deep within the Earth and are made of many types of rocks.Rivers are streams of water that usually begin in mountains and flow into the sea. Many early cities were built alongside rivers.Most of the world's water is in the oceans, which are large bodies of salt water.The oceans are also an important source of oxygen.Deserts are areas of land that receive little or no rainfall.The amount of rainfall in some deserts is so low that only a few plants can survive.A valley is a low, relatively flat area between hills or mountains, often with a river running through it.Some valleys are formed by flowing water, and others are formed by glaciers.(Desert temperatures can range from cold at night to very hot during the daytime, often above 120 degrees F.)(The place where a river begins is its source.)(Many early civilizations developed near rivers.)Level4 Unit1 Part1 Dialogue - Eating OutHave you eaten yet?No, I haven't, and I'm hungry.Me too, let's go out for dinner.Where to?What about Joe's Italian?How many times have you eaten there?I eat there a lot.It's one of my favorite places.I went there two weeks ago, and the service was terrible.Really? then, let's go some places else.What do you suggest?How about the Royal Indian?It's not far from here.I've never heard of it, is it good?Yes, I've been there several times, and I've never been disappointed.OK, let's try it.I haven't eaten Indian food for a long time.You won't be disappointed, and the prices are reasonable.Ah~, so you mean I'm going to pay?Well, that would certainly be nice.What about reservations?If we get there early enough, we won't need them.I hope you're right.Don't worry.If we have to wait, I'll pay the bill.Level4 Unit1 Part2 Listening - A Trip to Yosemite Park 1 Today, Christina and her friend are enjoying themselves.This morning they got up very early and drove out of San Francisco.They crossed the Bay Bridge before the early morning commute and drove south. Because it was so early, there were almost no cars.After driving for an hour and a half, they stopped and had breakfast.They ordered pancakes and coffee.They also had some fresh fruit. (为什么不是fruits?)When they finished eating, it was 7 o'clock.Then they got back into the car and drove south.Christina wanted to listen to music, so they turned on the radio.An hour later they stopped for gas.They noticed that there was also a charging station for electric cars.It's now 1:15 and they are in Yosemite ParkThey have been there for two hours, since 11:15.They are looking at Yosemite falls, which is the highest waterfall in the Park.The water drops a total of 740 meters from the top of the upper fall to the base of the lower fall.Level4 Unit1 Part2 Listening - A Trip to Yosemite Park 2In another 15 minutes, they plan to eat lunch at a magnificent old hotel in the park. It was built in 1927 and has a great view.They wanted to stay there, but they couldn't get reservations.To get a room at that hotel, you usually need to make reservations several months in advance.They plan to stay in the park until around 4 o'clock .By then they will have been in the park for nearly 5 hours.Then they'll get back into the car and drive back to San Francisco.They plan to eat dinner somewhere along the way.If the traffic isn't too bad, they should be back in San Francisco by 10 o'clock.Early tomorrow morning they are going to cross the Golden Gate Bridge and go north along the coast.From some places you can look out on the ocean and see whales and other sea life. Christina has never seen a whale before, so she's looking forward to it.And tomorrow night they have something special planned.They are going to watch a baseball game.Christina has never seen a baseball game, but she has heard that it is very popular in the US.And the San Francisco baseball team is one of the best.Level4 Unit1 Part2 Vocabulary – ScienceA force is a push or a pull on an object.A force changes the motion of a moving object.A force can be strong or weak and it always has a direction.The earth is a planet that goes around the sun in a circular orbit.The speed of its motion doesn't change, but the direction of its motion does.The earth has a layer of gas above its surface, which helps to support life.Atoms are the building blocks of matter.At the center of an atom is its nucleus, which has a positive electric charge.Outside the nucleus are electrons, which have a negative charge.Asteroids and comets, are objects that orbit our sun, but are smaller than planets.Asteroids that pass close to the Earth are called near-earth objects.The layer of gases just above Earth's surface is our atmosphere.The atmosphere is made up of gases such as oxygen and nitrogen.Without an atmosphere, there would be no life on Earth.(A force can increase or decrease the speed of an object, and it can change the direction of motion)(If they collide with Earth they could cause an extinction event).(The electric force between the nucleus and the electrons holds the atom together.)Level4 Unit1 Part2 Vocabulary – GeometryThe two lines on the left intersect each other at a right angle, which is 90 degrees. The two lines on the right are parallel, which means they never cross.The adjacent sides of a rectangle are perpendicular, which means they meet at a 90 degree angle.The opposite sides of a rectangle are equal and parallel, which means they never cross.The area of a rectangle is the length times the width.A circle is a two dimensional figure with a radius and circumference, which is the distance around the circle.The area of a circle is PI R squared, where R is the radius and PI is the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter.A sphere is a three dimensional figure with a radius and a volume, which is 4/3 PI R cubed.All points on the surface of a sphere are equidistant from its center.A right triangle is a two dimensional figure with 3 sides, two of which are perpendicular.To find its area, multiply the length of the two perpendicular sides, A & B, and divided by two, A equals one half A B.(A rectangle is a two dimensional figure with 4 sides)(Pi is the ratio of a circle’s circumference to its diameter.)Level4 Unit1 Part2 Dialogue - Dinner Conversation Have you finished eating yet?No, I haven't.Why are you in such a hurry?I'm sorry, but you are such a slow eater.A slow eater?Well, I try to enjoy my food.You just eat and swallow.I don't see how you can even taste it!Ok, I'm sorry.Do you mind if I get another glass of wine?No, go ahead.I don't want you to sit there putting pressure on me.I thought we were going to have a relaxing evening.Yes, you are right.I'd like to relax, but I have a lot on my mind.Work related?Yes, it is.I've been getting some strange emails from my boss.He wants me to cut down on my expenses.Maybe he wants to fire me.Is business bad?Yes, it is. but I don't want to talk about it.OK, but I'm a good listener.You can tell me if you'd like to.Thanks, maybe some other time.I'll try to stop thinking about it and deal with it tomorrow. Good idea.You need to take a break from work.Your health is important, and so am I.Yes you are.I don't know what I would do without you.Level4 Unit1 Part3 Listening - Harry's Trips 1Harry is an American businessman.His job requires him to do a lot of traveling.He takes 9 or 10 trips a year.In the past six months he has made 5 trips.Three were to Asia and two were to Europe.The purpose of these trips is to attend meetings and make presentations.Harry loves to travel, and he has traveled to many countries.Most of his trips are for one or two weeks.His first international trip was 15 years ago when he was 20 years old.He really wanted to see Asia, so he and a friend flew to Tokyo, Japan.From Tokyo, they traveled around Japan for two weeks.The people they met were very nice, but most of them didn't speak English. Harry tried to speak a little Japanese, but it was difficult.He didn't do very well.When he spoke to people, most of them just looked at him.They didn't understand what he was trying to say.From Japan, they went to Korea for a week, and then they went to China.In China, they visited the Great Wall, near Beijing.They stayed in Beijing for a few days, and then boarded a train for Shanghai. It was an overnight train with sleeping cars. car 车厢During the journey, they enjoyed looking out the window at the countryside.The view from the train was wonderful.Harry will never forget watching the sun go down in the evening.It was a beautiful sunset.The journey to shanghai, took many hours, but it was an unforgettable experience. On the train, they met a chinese professor who spoke English.He was a middle-aged man whose hair was turning grey.He told them about how things were changing in china.It was wonderful to watch him as he was speaking.His eyes were full of energy and excitement.They only stayed in shanghai for a couple of days.Then they returned to the US and went back to school.They had one more year to finish their studies.Level4 Unit1 Part3 Listening - Harry's Trips 2Harry‘s next few trips were to different parts of the world.He went to Europe twice, each time to different countries.On one trip, he traveled through the UK and France.On the next trip, he went to Italy and Greece.After Europe, he traveled to Mexico and South America.In south America, he went to Argentina and Brazil.He enjoyed watching some great soccer matches.Then he decided to go back to Asia.But this time he went to southeast Asia.He visited Vietnam, Thailand and Singapore.Each country had a charm of its own.After all this travel, Harry decided to make travel part of his career.He didn't want to work only in the US.He didn't want to work only with Americans.He wanted to experience other countries and other cultures.His dream was to work for an international company.Five years ago his dream came true.Now he's working for a German hi-tech company.As part of his job, he has to travel a lot.As a result, he has been to many cities and countries.And he has met many interesting people.Level4 Unit1 Part3 Vocabulary - Dental ProblemsA dental cavity is a hole in a tooth.A cavity is caused by bacteria in the mouth.Brushing your teeth frequently and regularly can help prevent cavities.A cracked tooth can be caused by biting down on something hard.Dentists treat a cracked tooth by covering it with a crown.A dental x-ray is a picture of your teeth and gums.An x-ray shows what can't be seen on the surface of the teeth and gums.Braces are used by dentists to straighten teeth over a period of years.Though braces are usually for children, they can also be used for adults with crooked teeth.To extract a tooth means to remove it from the mouth.Dentists have to pull hard to extract a tooth.(Dentists often inject something into the gum to block the pain during the extraction process.)Level4 Unit1 Part3 Vocabulary - Internal OrgansThe heart pumps blood to all parts of the body through a system of arteries and veins. It's located in the chest, between the lungs, and it beats about once per second.The kidneys remove waste and toxins from the blood.They are bean-shaped organs and are about 10 centimeters long and 6 centimeters wide.The lungs exchange oxygen from the air with carbon dioxide from the blood.They expand when inhaling air and contract when exhaling air.The stomach is below the heart and is part of the digestive system.It uses acids to digest food before passing it to the small intestine.The bladder is a balloon-shaped organ that collects urine from the kidneys.In an adult, the bladder can hold about half a liter of urine.Level4 Unit1 Part3 Dialogue - Police Traffic StopGood evening, sir.You were driving too fast.Really? was I?Yes, you were going well above the speed limit.I'm sorry, officer.OK, I need to see your driver's license.Here is my driver's license.Your license has expired.Are you aware of that?No, sir. That's a surprise.I didn't know.It expired more than a year ago.Is this your car?No, sir. It's a friend's.I'm borrowing it for the night.Get out of the car and put your hands behind your back. Why, officer? What have I done?Just do as I say.OK, officer. I'm cooperating.Please don't push me.Get your hands behind your back.OK, OK.I'm not asking you.I'm ordering you.Please, officer.I haven't done anything wrong.Stay still and don't say anything.This is a stolen car. are you aware of that?Are you going to arrest me?What do you think?That's what we do with car thieves.If you let me go, I'll give you a couple of thousand dollars.I haven't hurt anybody.So now you are trying to bribe me.How stupid can you be?I just don't want to go back to jail.Give me a break.Sure. you are a nice guy.I'd like to give you a break.But there is nothing I can do.Please. officer.OK, where is the money?Let me see it and I'll think about it.Level4 Unit1 Part4 Listening - QuickServe 2.0QuickServe is a successful home repair company.It provides quick, reliable repair services to homes.It was established 5 years ago and has been expanding rapidly.In the last two years, it has opened offices in 3 new cities.Because of its rapid growth it has to hire many new employees.In the last six months, it has hired 50 new employees.The total number of employees in the company is now over 500.And the number of customers has increased to more than 5000.The company has also improved its business model.Instead of offering only repair services, it can now help customers upgrade their appliances.QuickServe does this by giving a choice.Customers can choose to repair an appliance or upgrade it by buying a new one.If they choose to buy a new one, they will get a discounted price.So a customer can either repair a broken refrigerator for a small fee or buy a new one.If they buy a new one, they will get a discounted price, along with free installation.This is possible because several appliance manufacturers have agreed to give QuickServe big discounts.QuickServe then installs the new appliance and removes the old one.Feedback from customers has been positive.A high percentage of customers have taken advantage of this new service.As a result, QuickServe has developed a great reputation.Its dedication to high quality service has proven to be successful.Its word-of-mouth approach to advertising has been cost effective.The appliance manufactures have also been happy with the results.Their growing relationship with QuickServe has helped to increase their sales.Level4 Unit1 Part4 Listening - The World's Population The world's population is growing.There are now over 7 billion people in the world.During the 20th century, the population grow from 1.65 billion to 6 billion.It's now growing at a rate of around 1.1 percent per year.That means an increase of about 80 million per year.By 2024 the population is expected to be around 8 billion people.The growth rate used to be higher.In the late 1960s, the rate of growth was about 2%.Since then, the growth rate has declined.It is estimated that the growth rate will be less than 1% by 2020.By the year 2050, the growth rate should be even less.Even with a declining growth rate, the population will continue to grow.But it will grow at a slower rate.In the past 50 years, the world's population has more than doubled.It has doubled from around 3 billion in 1960 to more than 7 billion in 2011.Even with a declining growth rate, the population will continue to grow.But it will grow at a slower rate.In the past 50 years, the world's population has more than doubled.It has doubled from around 3 billion in 1960 to more than 7 billion in 2011.The rate of growth varies by country.The growth rate in India is more than twice that of China.And the growth rate in Nigeria, which is in Africa, is more than twice India's growth rate.Russia, on the other hand, has had a negative growth rate in some years.When a country has a negative growth rate, its population is decreasing.Level4 Unit1 Part4 Vocabulary - Contemporary PeopleCo-founder of Apple, Steve Jobs was a major figure in the computer industry.He was self-centered and difficult to work for, but he led the development of many great products.He died of cancer when he was just 56 years old.Jack Ma is one of the richest and most famous men in China.He comes from a poor family and failed his college entrance exams twice.Despite his many failures he has built one of the world's largest internet companies.David Beckham is one of the world's richest and most famous athletes.He started playing professional football when he was just 17.Much of his success as an athlete, is because he practiced harder than many other players.As a young girl in Pakistan, Malala became famous for her writings on women's education.In 2012 She was shot in the head and nearly killed.She survived the injury and became the world's most famous teenager.Born in 1942, Stephen Hawking was one of the world's most famous scientists.When he was 23, he was diagnosed with ALS, a rare disease of the nerves.Because of his disease, he was unable to walk and talk.(She has won many prizes, including the Nobel Peace Prize.)(Though he was difficult to work for, his creative genius inspired others to do great work.)Level4 Unit1 Part4 Vocabulary - Personality TypesShy people are usually quiet and uncomfortable around other people.They generally dislike going to social events such as parties.It's often difficult to make friends with a shy person because they won't open up. Outgoing people enjoy being with others and are comfortable in social situations. They are friendly and pleasant to be with, though sometimes they can't be trusted. Self-centered people like to be the center of attentionThey like people to look at them, and pay attention to them.Self-centered people often talk too much and don't listen enough.Selfish and greedy people don't share things with others.They keep things for themselves and always want more.People who are responsible and trustworthy are important in almost any situation. They can be depended on to get things done.These people can be trusted.(Outgoing people often have many friends and can be quite popular.)(Greedy people want more than their share and can cause many problems for others.)Level4 Unit1 Part4 Dialogue - Relationship AdviceHey, Steven, you know I’m your friend, right?Sure, I know that.What are you trying to say.I’m sorry to say this. But I think you’re making a fool of yourself. How am I making a fool of myself.Your girlfriend is taking advantage of you.Taking advantage of me?Yes, I think so.She's just using you.So, maybe she is.But I don’t mind.Even if she is using me, it’s ok.I’m using her too.What do you mean?Aren’t you in love with her?Yes, I’m in love with her.But that doesn’t mean I’m not using her too.I don’t understand.What do you mean?Maybe I’m using her because I enjoy being in love.I can’t imagine life without her.Even if she hurts me sometimes, I love her.Do you trust her?Yes, I trust her.She tells me what’s i mportant to her.21She’s honest with me.She has never lied to me about anything important.Are you honest with her?Yes, we are honest with each other, even when it hurts.And because we’re honest with each other, we trust each other. OK, so you don’t think you’re being taken advantage of.No, I don’t, as long as she is honest with me.The day she isn’t honest with me, will be the end of our relationship. And when that happens, my heart will break.But until then, I’m her man.OK, I think I understand.I didn’t think you knew what was going on.I’m not as stupid as my look, my friend.Being in love with her, makes my life exciting.Well, I hope you’re right.22。
懂你英语Levelunit
L e v e l3u n i t1p a r t 1 ListeningKathy usually gets up at 6:30, but th is morning, she didn’t hear her alarm.As a result, she overslept.She didn’t get up until 7:00, 30 minutes later than usual.As a result, she didn’t have time to cook breakfast for her children.-Why did she oversleep?–She didn’t hear her alarm.-Why didn’t she cook breakfast?–She didn’t have time.Today Kathy and her kids left home early.They usually leave home at 7:30, but today they left at 7:15.They left early because they had to buy breakfast on their way to school.-Why did they leave home early?–They had to buy breakfast on their way to school.-What did they have to buy on their way to school?–their breakfast.It usually takes 45 minutes to drive her kids to school, but today it took longer.It took them longer because they stopped for breakfast along the way.It took 15 minutes for them to have breakfast.They ate at a little coffee shop along the side of the road.-How long does it usually take to drive her kids to school?–It usually takes 45 minutes.-How long did it take them to have breakfast?–It took 15 minutes.After eating breakfast, they got back into their car.On most days the traffic isn’t too bad in the morning.But this morning, it was much worse than usual.The cars were moving very slowly.As a result it took them longer than usual to get to school.-What did they do after eating breakfast?–They got back into their car.One of her children got to school on time, but the other two were late. They were late because their schools are farther away.They were both about 10 minutes late to school.–How late were two of her children?–They were about 10 minutes late.When Kathy finally got home she cleaned her house as usual.She vacuumed the living room and cleaned the bathroom.Then she talked with her friend on the phone as usual.When she finished talking with her friend she got into her car.She put the key into the ignition, and tried to start the engine.But the car’s engine didn’t start.Her car battery was dead, so she had to call for help.-What happened when she tried to start her car?–The car’s engine didn’t start.-Why did she have to call for help?–to get a new battery.After getting a new battery for her car, the engine started.Then Kathy drove to the mall to meet her friend.She arrived to the mall an hour late but her friend was waiting for her. They had lunch together and then they went shopping.They both bought new shoes and some things for their kids.。
懂你英语Level4中英文对照文本
His company failed after only a few months.
So now he is working at another company and saving money.
Part 1
Dialogue
M:你吃过了吗?
W:没有，我饿了。
M:我也是。我们出去吃饭吧。
W:去哪儿?
M:乔的意大利菜怎么样?
W:你在那儿吃过几次饭?
M:我经常去那里吃饭，那是我最喜欢的地方之一。
W:我两周前去的，那里的服务很差。
M:真的吗?那我们去别的地方吧。
M:你有什么建议?
W:皇家印第安人怎么样?离这儿不远。
Her friend and her husband are living near the center of the city.
He works for a start-up company in Silicon Valley.
While he is working, she works part-time at a department store.
他的公司仅仅几个月就倒闭了。
所以现在他在另一家公司工作，存钱。
一旦攒够了钱，他就打算再开一家公司。他不想放弃。
Christina has come to San Francisco by herself.
Her husband didn’t come, because he has to work.
Level 4
Unit 1
Part 1Listening
(完整版)英语流利说懂你英语Level4-Unit3
懂你英语Level4 Unit 3 Part1it 3-1 listening 时间花费Look at these 2 pie graphs. They show how these 2 people spend their days, not including weekends.The one on the top shows how Emma divides up her days. She is a designer who works for a company.As Emma' s graph shows, the biggespt ortion 部分of her day is spent working.She works an average of 8 hours a day, which is one third of her day.She gets an average of 6 hours to sleep which is 25% of her day. That ' s less sleep than Martin gets. According to his graph, he gets an average of 7 hours to sleep which is about 29% of his day.On the other hand, Martine who is engineer, works more hours than Emma does.Martine average 9 hours a day at work co mpare to Emma 's 8. That 's 37.5% compare to 33%.Other factors shown in the graph included time for meals and commuting to work.Other activities include getting dress and doing household chores such as doing laundry and paying bills. As you can see, for Martin, commuting is taking a large amount of his time.t just the If he could reduce his commute time, he will have more time for other things. And it isnWhen the traffic is really heavy his commute is stressful.It will be great if he can work from home one or two days a week. He life will be more enjoyable.And we look at Emma ' s graph, we see she probably needs more sleep.Perhaps, she should spend a bit less time socializing with her friends.On the other hand, socializing with her friend is something she really values.As for putting on makeup, she isn ' t willing to change that.For her, exercising, socializing and staying beautiful help her deal with the stressful work.In conclusion, Emma and Martin both wish there were more hours in a day.This next graph shows how various factors compare important to 1350 jobs applicants.Applicants were between 20 to 25 years ago.They were asked to list which factors were most important for a good job.As the graph shows, money was the most important factor for 25% of the applicants.However, other factors are also important. The second most important factor was the work environment. In other words, for many,money is everything.People want to like where they work.In fact, if we combine working environment and co-workers, the total is 35%.This is well above the 25% for salary and benefits.Taking together, they are more important than salary and benefits.Career path is also important especially for younger applicants.They want to see that their job helps to build a successful career.For older workers, this may not be as important.Older workers often put the higher value on the balance between life and work. What do you think.it 3-1 vocabulary 领土、军事、政治、政权状态The government of a country is a control system.Governments make laws and provide services to their citizens.The land over which a government has controlled, is its territory /'t ?r?t?ri/领土.A country ' s territory hbaosu ndaries /'ba? ndri/ or borders.When you leave or enter a country ' s territory, you usually need a passport.The territory of a country is defined by its boundaries.A country ' s milit ap r yovides defense for its territory and its citizens.The military includes an army, an air force and a navy.The main purpose of a military, is to defend a country from attack.A country ' s criminal justice system includes the police, courts and prisons.Its purpose is to enforce the law and protect the people from criminal activities.A country social services system provides support to people in need.It provides basic health care services and helps poor people support their children.Anarchy /'?n ? ki/ n.混乱;无政府状态;无秩序autocracy /?'tɑkr?si/ n.独裁;独裁统治;独裁政府;独裁政体Oligarchy /'ɑl ?'gɑrki/ n. 寡头统治的政府;寡头政治的执政集团;寡头统治的国家A state of anarchy exits when a country has no effective government.In anarchy, there is nobody to make decisions or enforce the laws.An autocracy is the simplest form of government.In an autocracy, the government is controlled by single individual, known as autocrat. Whether or not an autocracy is successful, depends on the character and ability of the leader.In an oligarchy, a small group of people controls the government.Membership in this group often depends on family connection, wealth or military power.In a republic, individuals are elected to represent the citizens.The power of government in a republic is limited by a constitution.A constitution is a written document that makes the rules for a government to follow.This limits the power of a government.A constitution defines the relationship between the government and its citizens.it 3-1 dialogue 谈论工作I hear you lost your job, is that right?Yes, that ' s right. I quit. I quit because the way my boss treats people.What happen.I wasn' t feeling good one day and he yelled at me. While I told him not to yell at 对...吼叫me, he threatened me. Is that all. That ' s what bosses do.Sure, sometime maybe. But my treated everyone badly and I was tired of it. It was the less *The last str ?Yes, it reached the point where I couldn' t take it anymore. I see. So now you don 't have a job.Right, I don ' t have a job.But at least I don ' t have to deal with my boss thing. What are you going to do now?To be honest, I' m not sure. but I ' ll fine something. I ' ll get a job even if it pays less than before. Are you sorry for your quit.Yes and no. I guess I should have found another job first and then quit.Why didn ' t you.As I said, he pushed me too far. There were some things that I just won't take.What about your wife.She isn ' t happy that I don' t have a job but she unhd e rksntaonwdss I. hSave temper. And she knows I wasn' t happy working there. Well, I get some luck. My job isn' t great. but I like the people I ' m working with and I like my manage Are you planning to stay there?I don ' t know.For now, it ' s ok. But of coursel dite aplends on how things change.Well if you hear of any job openings, let me know, OK. Sure, send me your resume and I' ll let people know you ' re looking. Thanks.it 3-2 listening朗朗 Lang Lang is one of the world His first contact with western music was when he was just 2 years old.He watched the canton /'k?nt ?n/ in which a cat played a famous piece by Franz Liszt 弗朗兹·李斯特（匈牙利 作曲家） . From this experience, he decided he wanted to learn to play piano.When he was 3 and a half years ago, he started piano lessons.2 years later, he won first place in the piano competition.This early success gave his father great hope that Lang Land will became the world greatest pianist.When Lang Lang was 9 years ago, his father quit his job and took him to Beijing.They left everything behind including his mother who had to work.Lang Lang didn ' t want to leave her behind but his father insisted.His father wanted him to study at famous Central Conservatory of Music 中央音乐学院 .When they moved to Beijing, they rented a flat in a poor area of the city.During this time, Lang Lang practiced several hours a day.They started practicing at 5 o ' clock which upset his neighbors.They would often pound on 敲打 his door and ask him to stop practicing.They were so angry that he often feared that they would beat him up 毒打 .s grecaotnecset rt/'k ɑns? t/ pianist.Lang Lang usually had piano lessons once a week to prepare for the conservatory /k ?n's? v?t?ri/ 音乐学校. Nearly 2000 students were applying for just 12 places at the conservatory.His lessons were expensive and very difficult, especially because of his piano teacher.His music teacher didn ' t like Lang Lang.He called his teacher professor Angry because she always gave him a hard time.One afternoon, his teacher told him he had no talent and told him to go home. Hearing the news, his father screamed and seemed to lose his mind.His father told him that everything was destroyed and there was no reason to live.He ordered Lang Lang to jump off 跳下来the 11th-floor balcony.After this, Lang Lang almost went crazy. He didn ' t want to play the piano anymore.For several months, he neither played the piano nor spoke to his father.Then some friends encouraged him to play a piece for them and he realized his great love of piano.For the next 19 months, he practiced hard and his father encouraged him.Finally, when he was ten, he was accepted into the Conservatory with a full scholarship.In 1995, when he was 13 years old, he played music by show * at Beijing concert hall.In that same year, he won first place at an international competition for young musicians in Japan.When he was 15, he moved to the United States and began to study with the famous pianist at C institute.Since then, he career has grown and he has become a major star.One of the American music critics called him the biggest most exiting key of talent I haven ' t en year of attention piano recycles.In 2010, Lang Lang signed a recalling contract for several million dollars.In 2011, he performed at white house for president Obama of United States and Hu Jintao of China.With all of his success and fame, Lang Lang tries to encourage others.He uses his fame to spread the popularity of classic music and encourage young musicians.And in the end, Lang Lang and his father have rebuilt their relationship.In his autobiography 自传, Mr. Lang dedicated the book to his mother and father.it 3-2 vocabulary 财务、地理A person debt is how much he or she owes to others.Debt can be in the form of money, products and services owes to someone else.If you borrow money, they were taking on new debt.An asset is something that has value, such as money, property or even a nice personality.Assets can be used to pay off debts.Specialized /'sp???'la?zd/ knowledge or skills are also assets that can be used to get a job or earn money.Real estate is properties such as land, houses and buildings.Buying, selling or renting property is the business of real estate.Buying or selling real estate is popular for investments.Inventory is a detail list of items in one possession /'p?'sz ???n/.In business, one ' s inventory is the supply of items that are ready for sale.If a store runs out of the things for sale, it needs to resupply 再供应its inventory.An investment is the purchase of assets with the hope that its value will increase.A good investment can produce income, such as rent income.If the value of that assets falls, the investment will lose money.China is the second largest country in the world by land area.A major issue for China is the continuing 持续的expansion of its desserts which had led the dust storms each spring. Many of the world most polluted cities are located there.Asia is referred to as Indian sub-continent.It ' s called the s-cuobntinent 次大陆because it separated from the rest of Asia by mountains and sea.It ' s one of world ' s poorest region with about 75% of the poor living in rural areas.Europe is western neighbor of Asia. It ' s separda tferom Asia by Ural Mountains 乌拉尔which extent for 1500 miles in the north south direction from the Antarctic /?nt?ɑrkt?k/ ocean.The Philippines is the only country in Asia with a majority of Christians /'kr ?st??n/.The Philippines is an island Nation with over 7000 islands. It ' s located on the south China sea.The country ' s capital citMy aisn ila 马尼拉.Asia is the world largest continent covering about 30% of the earth land area.Several island nations are also a part of Asia, including Japan.The world ' s tallest mountain is in Asia, includinMg ount Everest 埃佛勒斯峰.it 3-2 dialogue 谈论投票选举Hey, have you decided how you ' re going to v？oteNot, I haven ' t. I don ' t like any kind of candidates.So you aren ' t going to vote.Mu. I don ' t know. Probably not. It seems like a waste of time.Really, why do you think of a waste of time ？Have you listened to any of their speeches?Yes, I have and I agree that their speeches aren ' t very good.Exactly. I can ' t believe anything they say. They are just saying what they think we want to hear.Sure, you want to get elected. I admit th at the system isn ' t perfect and it ve '. s always haWhether I vote or not won ' t make a difference. It ' s all the show.Well, I think you should vote. Do a little research about the candidates.Have you?Yes, I have. I have looked into their backgrounds and their education.How can that help?For example, if they know something about science, it could help the government make a better decision about issues such as climate change.Yes, that ' s good point. We need- ewdeulcl ated people make decisions.And I look to see what kind of people are supporting them.What issues do you think are most important?I guess for me, pollution, housing and taxes are important.I want to know how government plans to deal with these issues.Yes, I agree with you. Maybe I will vote, especially if we could get together and talk more about it.What about dinner tomorrow night?Sorry, I ' m busy tomorrow night.Oh, that ' s too bad. Do you have any time in the next few days? I will take you to a nice restaurant.Actually, I ' m quite busy. But I may have time Sunday afternoon. Wne h caave lunch someone near the office.Sure, that was for me. I will give you a call on Saturday and we can decide the details, ok?OK, I will be looking forward to seeing which candidate you support.L4 Unit 3-3 listening 蜜蜂、蜂农与环境Honeybees play an interesting and important role in nature.In additional to making honey, honeybees help many plants reproduce.They do this by pollinating the plant which means to transfer pollen.Pollination 授粉occurs when pollen /'pɑl ?n/ 花粉is moved within a plant 's flower or carried to another flower. This is how the plant reproduce.For reproduction to succeed, the pollen must be transferred from the male part of the flower to the female part.Many plants depend on the pollen for reproduction. This included many fruits and vegetables.Beside honeybees, there are many other pollinators including birds, insects and other kind of bees.Without enough pollinators, many of our favorite fruits and vegetable will become more expensive and hard to find. This included almonds and cherries.Honeybee are important pollinators and play an important role in agriculture.Beekeepers are people who keep honeybees.In addition to collecting honey, some beekeepers provide pollination services for farmers.They do this by raising and managing colonies 殖民地of bees.Farmers need colonies to pollinate their crops.Beekeepers can provide and manage of bee colonies to farmers.Honeybees are social insects that live in colonies.A bee colony consists of a queen bee, male drones 雄蜂and thousands of male worker bees.Each colony also contains eggs and immature 未成熟的bees in various stage of development.The number of bees within a colony depends on the seasonal changes.A colony 'posp ulation increases during the warm season and decreases during the colder season.In recent year, many bee colonies have collapsed or disappeared.A bee colony collapses occurs when a majority of bee in colony disappear and leave behind the queen.Some beekeepers have reported losing 30 to 90 % of their colonies.This loss of bee colonies can cause significant problems for farmers who depend on them to pollinate their crops.In some parts of the world, a shortage of bees has increased the cost of renting bees by up to 20%.There are several possible causes for bee colony collapse. One possible collapse is the use of new pesticides 农药. Other possible causes include infections from viruses, genetic factors 遗传因素and malnutrition （营养不良）. Changing weather patterns may also play a role as summers get hotter and winters get colder.These changes in weather may weaken the bees, making it more difficult for them to fight infections.Whatever the causes of colony collapse, it 'ims portant to understand that many parts of our world are interdependent.Changes that effect on one species may have serious effects on other species.A change to our environment, can start a chain of event that is difficult to predict.In any complex system such as the earth environment, small changes can cause a un consequences.The danger of un consequences is something that we all need to understand better.L4 Unit 3-3 vocabulary 商品、服务和工作Goods and services supply what people need or want.Goods are things such food and clothing.Services included things such as health care and police protection.A country needs natural and human resources.Natural resources include fresh water supplies, farmland and energy sources such as oil and wind.Human resources includes a skilled workforce that can produce goods and services.Once we had supplies of goods and services, they need to distribute throughout the country.Highways and railways are both way to transport thing from one part of country to another.Electricity are distributed through a system of transmition lines.We live in an age of advertising.Advertising lets people know about goods and services.It educates people about a product being advertised.Trade allows for the exchange of goods and services between different countries.Exports are goods and services that are sold to another country.Imports are goods and services that are brought from other country.For example, many countries import oil from countries such as Saudi Arabia 沙特阿拉伯.Employees are the people who work for a company.Some employees do basic work such as operating a machine or driving a track.People who hire and direct the work of other are managers.Interview is one way to find out about a person who applies for a job.In an inte rview, the applicants can ask question about a company and company can find out about a person and experience.An entrepreneur is someone who starts a company.Entrepreneurs often have new ideas and ways of doing things that can give company advantage.Salary and benefits are used to attract new employees into a company.If the salary and benefits are good enough, employees may take a job and stay with the company.Benefits includes vacation time, health insurance and bonuses for employees who do a good job.When apply for job, it ' s important to have skills and experience needed for the job.Developing and increasing skills and experience is good way to prepare for a job.Each job a person has is an opportunity to learn new things and develop new skills.Advertises try to increase to the demand for a product or service.Education and training are ways to develop a skilled workforce unforeseenL4 Unit 3-3 dialogue 谈论租房与房东You don ' t looko god, is something bothering you ？Yes, it ' sla mndyl ord 房东.Oh, is it something wrong with your flat.No, that ' s not something wrong with the flat. But I ' m going to have to move out.Why did you have to move out?For the last 2 month, a friend has been staying with me. She stayed until she could find a job.That ' s nice of you.Yes, but I ' m not supposed to have anyone staying there.Was that in the rental agreement？Yes, it was. It ' s ok if a friend s t a yfesw fo drays but not for more than that.So you broke the agreement even though it was for a good reason.Anyway, one of my neighbors told the landlords about my friend. So now I ' m in trouble. The landlord is a says she can ' t trust me.That ' s ridiculous.I told her about my friend and how I Wow, she doesn 'outn sd very nice. That ' s right, she isn ' t nice. Shem trying to help her, but she doesn t care.'s just interested in money. In fact, she is gsoeincug rtitoy kdeeeppo smity 押金.How can she do that ？Nothing is damaged, right.Right, everything in the flat is fine.She' s keeping the deposit because Ir obke the rentalagreement.What about your rent ？Yes , that ' s another problem. I already pay 3 months rent so I hope I can get it back.What can you do if she doesn '？t return itI don ' t know. I told to my agent. He ' s nice and maybe he can help.Maybe I should refuse to leave the flat until I get it back.Be sure to take picture of your flat.What for?Just to show the condition of your flat. Then she can ' t say your friend damaged it anyway. Good idea. She ' s a -s m inadlled 心胸狭窄的, evil woman. I should never have rented it from her in the first place.L4 Unit 3-4 listening 职业What kind of career is the best and what kind of qualification?One of most popular careers for kids is the to become an astronaut.Many kids dream of going space when they grow up.They dream of work on a space station or exploring deep space.To become an astronaut, it ' s important to have the right background.Many astronauts have a background in engineering, physics or medicine.Sometimes they have a military background, such as flying military aircraft.As for pay, astronaut can earn a good salary but not great.Another popular career is to become a musician or actor.Many kids dream of become a famous singer or movie stars.However, most of musician or actor don ' t besc.o me famouThey are usually paid by the hour or by the performance.Only a very few have lots of money.So the best advice is not to be a musician or actor unless that s your real passion.Becoming a professional athlete is another dream job for many.It ' sc en ito imagine play a favorite sport and getting paid for it.However, becoming a famous athlete takes a lot of work and practice.Great athletes practice for hours a day with teammates and coaches.They also work regularly with trainers to keep their body strong.The level of pay for athletes depends on the success and the level of their performance.Athletes often have short career because of the physical requirement of their sport.When you are no longer able to compete in a high level, some athletes become coaches.Firefighters and police officers are important job that help and protect people.These careers require applicants to complete training programs and pass the written and physical tests.These jobs can be exciting and dangerous so they require courage and sometimes sacrifice.When considering salary and benefits, some of the lowest paying jobs are in the hospitality and beauty industries. For example, food service worker and hairstyles generously have low salaries.This kind of j ob don ' t require much of the education or training.But again, if you enjoy what you ' re doing, that may be good enough.For example, you may really enjoy talking with your customers.Spending your life doing something you dislike can be very unsatisfying, even if the salary is high.Some of the highest paid professions includes doctors, lawyers and scientists.However, these professions 职业require high level of education and training.The path to becoming a doctor, for example, is a long one.Doctors require a university degree, several years in medical school, and several more years in experience.Only then are they certified as a medical doctor or MD.So it doesn ' t make sense to consider these professions unless you are willing to work hard forn my yaears. And because, you should really care doing the work well.L4 Unit 3-4 vocabulary 战争和生物Civil 内战wars are fought between citizens of the same country and are fought within the country.If citizens of a country disagree about the policy or leader, they may fight a civil war.A world war is fought when countries form alliances and these alliances fight each other.A world war involves many or most of the world ' s most powerful countries.There were 2 world war in the 20th century.Terrorism involves groups of individuals rather than countries.Terrorists may come from different countries and they may share the same beliefs.Terrorists often use car-bombings or suicide attacks on innocent people.A terrorist attack can happen at any time and any place.An invasion 侵略occurs when one country attacks another.It sends its army to the other country and attempts to take control.One of most famous invasions was when France invaded Russia in 1812.A defensive 防御的war occurs when a country is attacked and needs to defend itself.Most of countries have military so that it can defend itself if it ' s attacked.When France invaded Russia in 1812, the Russia army fought a defensive war and defeated the French army.A cell 细胞is the basic unit of life.A cell is smallest structure that can live and reproduce.Cells grow and develop, reproduce and interact with the environment.Photosynthesis 光合作用/,foto's ?n θs??s/ was one of most important biological processes. It allows plants to capture and use light as an energy source.Photosynthesis is the process of converting light energy into chemical energy.A virus is small biological structure that attacks and enters cells. Once inside a cell, a virus reproduces and makes many copies of itself. Some diseases suchi nfluenza /,?nflu' ?nz?/ （流感）are viruses.Bacteria are one-celled forms of life that are all around us. Although they have a single cell structure, they are very important. Many bacteria are inside us and help us digest our food.DNA is a complex molecule that stores information and can make copies of itself.Nearly any cells in a person ' s body has the same DNA.The information stored in DNA tells cells what to do and it' s necessary for reproduction. L4 Unit 3-4 dialogue 旅馆更换房间Good evening, sir. How can I help you?Yes, we just check in and our room is unacceptable. It Is there something wrong with the room?Yes, there certainly is. We requested a non-smoking room but the room smiles of smoke.Let me check. Yes, that room is supposed to be a non-smoking room.Well, somebody certainly doesn 'fot llow the rules. The current smoke is cigars. We can hardly breath and thewindows don ' t open.can cause breathing problems.Yes, I understand your concern. Sir, I 'maf raid we don 'ht ave any other rooms with two double beds. If you ' ll excuse me, I will speak with my manager.Thank you. We were really tired and we would like to get rest as soon as possible.Yes, I understand. If you don't mind, could you wloauint gine th 休e 息室 near the elevators? I shouldn 't be long.Sure, I hope it doesn ' t take time.Good evening, I ' m the manager here. I ' m sorry to hear about your room.Yes, we are not happy and we were really tired. I hope you can help us. I ' m sure we can. Since we don' t have a-nsomthoekri n go nroom for you, we will upgrade your suite. Will that be ok?Yes, there will be fine. There is no extra cost, right.No, sir. There would be no extra charge.And it ' s n-somnoking, right.Yes, sir. I ' ve confirmed that -i s m n o kning.Thanks I really appreciate your help.It ' s my pleasure, sir. I hope you and your family have a wonderful stay with us. Here is my card. If there is anything else I can do for you, please let me know.I will. Have a good evening.s room 1810.Right, the windows don Yes,please. We certainly can t open, sir. I really sorry abouLt etht ims.e see if I can find you another room. t stay in that room. Both our kaidssth hm aav /'?zm ?/, so the smell of smoke。
懂你英语Level-4上课讲义
懂你英语L e v e l-4L4 Unit 1-1Listening 旅游Christina is on a two-weeks vacation. This is the first vacation she has had for a long time. The last vacation she took was more than 2 years ago. Now she is visiting a friend in San Francisco. Her friend and her husband are living near the center of the city. He works for a start-up company in Silicon Valley. While he is working, she works part-time at a department store.Christiana hasn’t seen her friend for a long time. The last time they saw each other was 3 years ago. At that time, they were both working at a department store. Then Christina quit her job and started her own business. She designs women’s clothing. She has 2 employe es now and her company is slowly growing.Christina has come to San Francisco b y herself. Her husband didn’t come because he has to work. He tried to start a company 2 years ago, but it didn’t work out. His company failed after only a few months. So now he’s working at another company and saving money. Once he saves enough money, he plans to start another company. He doesn’t want to give up.This is the second time Christina has been to San Francisco. The first time was whenshe was a high school student. That was more than 10 years ago. During that trip she was only in San Francisco for a few days. After that she went to Los Angles and New York. This time she and her friend plan to relax and have fun.Christina arrived two days ago, the day before yesterday. Her friend met her at the airport and drove her to her apartment. Her apartment is just north of the airport, about 20 minutes from San Francisco. It’s a small apartment, but it’s on a hill and it has a great view. Yesterday, they went downtown and rode the cable cars. Christina was surprised by how steep the hills are. Then they walked along the ocean and ate lunch at the seafood restaurant. From the restaurant, they could see the Golden Gate bridge.Tomorrow they’re planning to drive to Yosemite National Park. By car it’s about 4 hours away. Christina has never been there before, so she is excited. She has heard that the park is very beautiful. Her friend has been to Yosemite several times. She says it’s one of the most beautiful places in the world. Christina just hopes that her friend is a good driver.L4 Unit 1-1 vocabulary 伤病和地貌地形Headache can be very painful and can last for a long time. If you have headache your head hurts.A headache can be caused by an injury to the head.A sprained ankle can be so painful that you can’t walk. Someone with a sprained ankle may need to use to crutches to walk.If you have a sore throat, it may be painful to swallow. A sore throat can be caused by viruses or bacteria.A burn is an injury to the skin cause by fire or heat. If you get too close to a fire, you will be burned.An earache is a sharp, dull or burning pain in the ear. Common causes of an earache include an infection, a changing air pressure or water in the ear.Mountains are landforms higher than 2000 feet or about 600 meters above sea level. Hills are like mountain, but not as tall. Mountains are formed by the forces deep within the earth and are made of many types of rocksRivers are stream of water that usually begin at mountains and flow into the sea. Many early cities were built alongside rivers.Most of the world’s wa ter is in the ocean, which are the large bodies of salt water. The oceans are also an important source of oxygen.The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest ocean, covering more area than all the continents put together.Deserts are areas of land that receive little or no rainfall. The amount of rainfall in some deserts is so low that only a few plants can survive.Desert temperatures can range from cold at night to very hot during the daytime, often above 120 degrees F.A valley is low, relatively flat area between hills and mountains, often with the river running through it. Some valleys are formed by flowing river and others are formed by glaciers.L4 Unit 1-1 dialogue 谈论吃饭和预约M: Have you eaten yet.F: Not, I haven’t and I’m hungry.M: Me too. Let’s go out for dinner.F: Where toM: What about joe’s Italian.F: How many times have you eaten there.M: I eat there a lot. It’s one of my favorite places.F: I went there two weeks ago and the service was terrible.M: Really, then let’s go some places e lse. What do you suggest?F: How about the royal Indian. It’s not far from here.M: I’ve never heard of it. Is it good?F: Yes, I have been there several times and I’ve never been disappointed.M: Ok, let’s try it. I’ve never eaten Indian food for a long time.F: You won’t be disappointed and the prices are reasonable.M: Ah, so you mean I’m going to pay.F: Well, that would certainly be nice.M: What about reservations.F: If you get there early enough, we won’t need them.M: I hope you’re right.F: Don’t worry, if we have to wait, I‘ll pay the bill.L4 Unit 1-2 Listening 旅游2Today, Christina and her friend are enjoying themselves. This morning they got up very early and drove out of San Francisco. They crossed the Bay Bridge before the early morning commute and drove south. Because it was so early, there were almost not cars.After driving an hour and a half, they stopped to had breakfast. They ordered pancakes and coffee. They also had some fresh fruits. When they finished eating, it was 7 o’clock. Then they got back into the car and drove south. Christina wanted to listen to music, so they turned on the radio. An hour later they stopped for gas. They noticed that there was also a charging station for electric cars.It’s now 1:15 and they are in Yos emite Park. They have been there for two hours, since 11:15. They are looking at the Yosemite falls, which is the highest waterfall in the park. The water drops a total of 740 meters from the top of upper fall to the base of the lower fall.In another 15 minutes they plan to eat lunch at a magnificent old hotel in the park. It was built in 1927 and has a great view. They wanted to stay there, but they couldn’t get reservation. To get a room at that hotel you usually need to make reservations several months in advance.They plan to stay in the park until around 4 o’clock. By then they will have been in the park for nearly 5 hours. Then they’ll get back into the car and drive back to San Francisco. They plan to eat dinner somewhere along the way. If the tr affic isn’t too ba d, they should be back in San Francisco by 10 o’clock.Early tomorrow morning they are going to cross the Golden Gate Bridge and go north along the coast. From some places, you can look out on the ocean and see whales and other sea life. Christina has never seen a whale before, so she’s looking forward to it. And tomorrow night they have something special planned. They are going to watch a baseball game. Christina has never seen a baseball game, but she has heard that it is very popular in the US. And the San Francisco baseball team is one of the best.L4 Unit 1-2 vocabulary 力学、几何A force is a push or a pull on the object. A force changes the motion of a moving object.A force can be strong or weak and it always has a direction.The earth is a planet that goes around the sun in the circular orbit. The speed of its motion doesn’t change and the direction of its motion does. The earth has a layer of gas above its surface, which helps to support life.Atoms are the building blocks of matter. At the center of an atom is its nucleus, which has a positive electric charge. Outside the nucleus are electrons, which have a negative charge.Asteroids(小行星) and comics are object that orbits（轨道） our sun, but are smaller than planets. Asteroid that pass close to the earth are called the near-earth objects. The layer of gases, just above the earth surface, is our atmosphere. The atmosphere is made up of gases, such as oxygen and nitrogen. Without an atmosphere, there would be not life on earth.The two lines on the left intersect（横断） each other at a right angle which is 90 degrees. The 2 lines on the right are parallel, which means they never cross.The adjacent sides of rectangle are perpendicular, which means they meet at a 90-degree angle. The opposite sides of the rectangle are equal a parallel, which means they never cross. The area of a rectangle is the length times the width.A circle is the 2 dimensional（尺寸的） figures with radius（半径） and circumference which is the distance around the circle. The area of the circle is π R square, where r is the radius and Pi is the ratio of the circle’s circumference to its diameter.A sphere is a 3 dimensional figure with the a ratio and volume, which is the three-fourth πR cube（立方体）. All points on the surface of the sphere are equidistant（等距离的） from its center.A rectriangle is a 2 dimensional figure with 3 sides, 2 of which are perpendicular. To find its area, multiply the length of the 2 perpendicular（垂直的） sides, A andB and divided by 2, A equates（相等） one half A B.The electric force between the nucleus and the electrons holds the atom together.A force can increase or decrease the speed of an object, and it can change the direction of motion.L4 Unit 1-2 dialogueM：Have you finished eating yet.F：Not, I haven’t.Why are you in such a hurry.M：I’m sorry, but you are such a slow eater.F：A slow eater? Well I try to enjoy my food. You just eat and swallo w. I don’t see how you can even taste it.M：Ok, I’m sorry. Do you mind if I get another glass of wine.F：No, go ahead. I don’t want you to sit there putting pressure on me. I thought we were going to have a relaxing evening.M：Yes, you are right. I’d like to relax, but I had a lot on my mind.F：What created?M：Yes. it is. I’ve been getting some strange emails from my boss. He wants me to cut down on my expenses. Maybe he wants to fire me.F：Is business bad?M：Yes, it is. But I don’t want to talk ab out it.F：Ok, but I’m a good listener. You can tell me if you’d like to.M：Thanks, maybe some other time. I’ll try to start thinking about it and deal with it tomorrow. F：Good idea. You need to take a break from work. Your health is important and so am I. M：Yes, you are. I don’t know what I would do without you.L4 Unit 1-3 listening 旅游3Harry is an American businessman. His job requires him to do a lot of travelling. He takes 9 or 10 trips a year. In the past six months he has made five trips. Three were to Asia and two were to Europe. The purpose of these trips is to attend meetings and make presentations.Harry loves to travel and he has traveled to many countries. Most of his trips are for one or two weeks. His first international trip was 15 years ago when he was 20 years old. He really wanted to see Asia, so he and a friend flew to Tokyo, Japan.From Tokyo, they traveled around Japan for 2 weeks. The people they met very nice, but most of them didn’t speak English. Harry tried to speak a little Japanese, but it was difficult. He didn’t do very well. When he spoke to people, most of them just looked at him. They didn’t understand what he was trying to say.From Japan they went to Korea for a week, and then they went to China. In China they visited the Great Wall in Beijing. He stayed in Beijing for a few days and then they boarded a train for shanghai. It was an overnight train with sleeping cars.During the journey, they enjoyed looking out of the window at the countryside. The view from the train was wonderful. Harry will never forget watching the sun go down in the evening. It was a beautiful sunset.The journey to shanghai took many hours, but it was an unforgettable experience. On the train, he met a Chinese Professor who spoke English. He was middle-aged man whose hair was turning grey. He told them about how things were changing in China. It was wonderful to watch him as he was speaking. His eyes were full of energy and excitement.They only stayed in shanghai for a couple of days. Then they returned to the US and went back to school. They had one more year to finish their studies.Harry’s next new trips were to different parts of the world. He went to Europe twice, each time to different countries. On one trip he travel through the UK and France. On the next trip he went Italy and Greece.After the Europe he traveled to Mexico and South America. In south America he went to Argentina and Brazil. He enjoyed watching some great soccer matches.Then he decided to go back to Asia. But this time, he went to Southeast Asia. He visited Vietnam, Thailand and Singapore. Each country had a charm of its own.After this travel, harry decided to make travel part of his career. He didn’t want to work only in the US. He didn’t want work only with Americans. He wanted to experience other countries and other cultures. His dream was to work for an international company.Five years ago his dream came true. Now he’s working for a German hi-tech company. As part of his job, he has to travel a lot. As a result, he has been to many cities and counties. And he has met many interesting people.L4 Unit 1-3 vocabulary 牙齿、人体器官cavity n.腔，洞;蛀牙，龋洞A dental cavity is a hole in the tooth. A cavity is caused by bacteria in the mouth. Brushing your teeth frequently and regularly can help prevent cavities.cracked adj.有裂缝的;声音沙哑的;精神失常的v.破裂;崩溃(crack的过去分词);发沙哑声A cracked tooth can be caused by biting down on some hard. Dentists the treat cracked tooth by covering it with a crown(牙冠).A dental X-ray is a picture of your teeth and gums. An X-ray shows what can’t be seen on the surface of teeth and gums.Braces are used by dentists to straighten teeth over a period of years. Those braces are usually for children, they can also be used for adults with crooked teeth.To extract a tooth means to remove it from the mouth. Dentists have to pull hard to extract a tooth.The heart pumps blood to all parts of bodies through a system of arteries and vein. It’s located in the chest, between the lungs and it beats about once per second.Artery n.[解剖]动脉;干线，要道toxin n.毒素;毒质The kidneys remove waste and toxins from the blood. They are been shaped organ and about 10 cm long, and 6 cm wide.The lungs exchange oxygen from the air with CO2 from the blood. They expand when inhaling air and contract when exhaling air.Inhale vt.& vi.吸气;吸入;〈非〉狼吞虎咽Exhale vt.发散出;放出，放射;使蒸发;[医]渗出vi.呼气;发散;放出The stomach is below the heart and is part of the digestive system. It uses acids to digest food before passing it to the small intestine.Small intestine n.小肠The bladder is a balloon-shaped organ that collects urine from the kidneys. In an audit, the bladder can hold about half a liter of urine.urine n.尿;小便;下泉 a liter of 公升L4 Unit 1-3 dialogue 谈论贿赂P: Good evening, sir. You were driving too fast.M: Really. Was i.P: Yes, you were going well above the speed limit.M: I’m sorry, officer.P: Ok, I need to see your driver’s license.M: Here’s my driver’s license.P: Your license is expired. Are you aware of that?M: No, sir. That’s a surprise. I didn’t know.P: It expired more than a year ago.P: Is this your car.M: No, sir, it’s a friend’s.I’m borrowing it for the night.P: Get out of the car and put your hands behind your back.M: Why officer? what have I done?P: Just do as I say.M: Ok officer, I’m cooperating. Please don’t push me.P: Get your hands behind your back.M: Ok, ok!P: I’m not asking you. I’m ordering you.M: Please officer. I haven’t done anything wrong.P: Stay still and don’t say anything. This is a stol en car, are you aware of that.M: Are you going to arrest me.P: What do you think? That’s what we do with car thieves.M: If you let me go. I will give you a couple of thousand dollars. I haven’t hurt anybody. P: So now you’re trying to bribe me. How stu pid can you be.M: I just don’t want to go back to jail. Give me a break.P: Sure, you are a nice guy. I’d like to give you a break. But that’s nothing I can do. M: Please officer.P: Ok, where is the money. Let me see it and I will think about it.L4 Unit 1-4 listening 家政服务Quick service is a successful home repair company. It provides quick, reliable repair services to homes. It was established 5 years ago and has been expanding rapidly. In the last 2 years, it has opened offices in 3 new cities.Because of its rapid growth, it has to hire many new employees. In the last 6 months, it has hired 50 new employees. The total number of the employees in the company is now over 500. And the number of the customers has increased to more than 5000.The company has also improved its business model. Instead of offering only repair services, it can now help customers upgrade their appliances. Quick Service does this by one. If they choose to buy a new one, they will get a discounted price. So a customer can either repair a broken refrigerator for a small fee or buy a new one.If they buy a new one, they will get a discounted price, along with free installation. This is possible because several appliance manufactures have agreed to give QuickService big discounts. QuickService then installs the new appliance and remove the old one. Feedback from customers has been positive.A high percentage of customers have taken advantages of this new service. As a result, QuickService has developed a great reputation. Its dedication to the high quality service has proven to be successful. Its word-of-mouth approach to advertising has been cost effective. The appliance manufactures have also been happy with the results. Their growing relationship with QuickService has helped increase their sales.The world’s population is growing. There are now over 7 billion people in the world. During the 20th century, the population grew from 1.65 billion to 6 billion. It’s now going at a rate of around 1.1% per year. That means an increase is about 80 million per year. By 2024 the population is expected to be around 8 billion people.The growth rate used to be higher. In the late 1960s, the rate of growth was about 2%. Since then the growth rate has declined. It is estimated that the growth rate will be even less than 1% by 2020. By the year 2050 the growth rate should be even less.Even with a declining growth rate, the population will continue to grow. But it will grow at a slower rate. In the past 50 years, the world’s populatio n has more than doubled. It has doubled from around 3 billion in 1960 to more than 7 billion in 2011.The rate of growth varies by country. The growth rate in India is more than twice that of china. And the growth rate in Nigeria, which is Africa, is more than twice than India’s growthrate. Russia, one the other hand, has had a negative growth rate in some years. When the country has a negative growth rate, its population is decreasing.L4 Unit 1-4 vocabulary 名人和性格Co-founder of Apple, this entrepreneur was a major figure in the computer industry. He was self-center and difficult to work for, but he led the development of many great products. He died of cancer when he was just 56 years old.Jack Ma is one of the richest and most famous men in china. He comes from a poor family and failed his college entrance exam twice. Despite of many failures, he has built one of the world’s largest internet companies.David Beckham is one of world’s richest and famous athletes. He stared playing professional football when he was just 17. Much of his successful at an athlete, is because he practice hard than many other players.As a young girl in Pakistan, Malala became famous for her writing some women education. In 2012, she was shot in the head and nearly killed. She survived the injury and became the world’s most famous teenager.Born in 1942, Stephen Hocking is one of the world’s most famous scientists. When he was 23, he was diagnosed with AIS, a rare disease of the nerves. Because of his disease, he is unable to walk and talk.Shy people are usually quiet and uncomfortable around other people. They generally dislike going to social events such as party. It’s often difficult to make friend with shy person because they won’t open up.Outgoing people are enjoying being with other people and are comfortable in social situations. They are friendly and pleasant to be with, though sometime they can be trusted.Self-centered people like to be the center of attention. They like people to look at them and pay attention to them. Self-centered people often talk too much and don’t listen enough.Selfish and greedy people don’t share things with others. They keep things for themselves and always want more.People who are responsible and trust-worthy, are important in almost any situation. They can be depended on to get things done. These people can be trusted.Some people really dislike being around self-centered people.L4 Unit 1-4 dialogue 女朋友M1：Hey, steven, you know I’m your friend, right.M2：Sure, I know that. What are you trying to say.M1：I’m sorry to say this. But I think you’re making a fool of yourselves.M2：How am i make a fool of myselfM1：You girlfriend are taking advantage of you.M2：Taking advantaging of me?M1：Yes, I think so. She just using you.M2：So, maybe she is. But I don’t mind. Even if she is using me, it’s ok. I’m using her too.M1：What do you mean. Aren’t you in love with her?M2：Yes, I’m in love with her. But that doesn’t mean that I’m not using her too.M1：I don’t understand. What do you mean.M2：Maybe I’m using her because I enjoy being in love. I can’t imagine life without her. Even if she hurts me sometimes, I love her.M1：Do you trust her.M2：Yes, I trust. She tells me what’s important to her. She’s honest with me. She is never lied to me about anything important.M1：Are you honest with her?M2：Yes, we are honest with each other, even when it hurts. And because we’re honest with each other, we trust each other.M1：Ok, so you don’t think you’re being taken advantage of.M2：No, I don’t, as long as she is honest with me. The day she isn’t honest with me, will be the end of our relationship. And when that happens, my heart will break. But until then, I’m her man.M1：Ok, I think I understand. I didn’t think you knew what was goin g on.M2：I’m as stupid as my look, my friend. Being in love with her, makes my life exiting.M1：Well, I hope you’re right.L4 Unit 2-1 Listening 物种、环境The earth was formed about 4.6 million years ago. The first life appeared about a billion years later. The first plants didn’t appear until around 2 billion years ago. Until around 580 million years ago, life forms were small and microscopic(微观). Since that time, live has evolved into many different types, or species. However, scientists estimate that more than 99% of them are now extinct.There have been several extinction events in the history of the Earth. In an extinction event many life forms, or species of life, die out. The causes of themass extinction events are unsolved mysteries. These events are not predictable and can happen at any time. Scientists think that some of them were started by asteroid impacts or volcanic eruptions. Events like these can change the global conditions that life depends on.One major extinction event happened about 66 million years ago. Thatevent may have been started by a large asteroid that hit the Earth. As a result,the dinosaurs and about half of all species on the planet died out. When the asteroid hit the earth, it started a chain of events. A chain of events is a series of events linked together, like a chain.This particular chain of events happened over a period of months and years. When the asteroid hit the earth, it caused a huge cloud of dust to enter the atmosphere. This cloud of dust blocked the sun and darkened the Earth formany months. Without enough sunlight, plants and plant-eating animals quickly died. With the deaths of so many plants and animals, the food chain collapsed. This led to the deaths of many more species.Mass extinction events have played an important part in the evolution of life. In fact, some extinction events have helped to accelerate evolution. For example, some mammals lived through the age of dinosaurs, but they couldn’t compete. When the dinosaurs were removed, the mammals were able to compete more successfully. Once they could compete, mammals evolved to a higher state. Without the extinction events, perhaps we wouldn’t be here today.Scientists estimate that there have been at least 5 mass extinctions in thelast 540 million years. They also believe that we have entered a new extinctionevent. Species are becoming extinct at a much faster rate than before. Instead of asteroids or volcanic eruptions, the current event is the result of human activities. Human activities, for example, have led to global warming.Global warming is the result of an increase in carbon gases in our atmosphere. These gases trap heat from the sun, so the Earth is getting warmer. As a result, sea levels are rising and weather patterns are changing. In addition, we humans are destroying the habitats of many plants and animals. Cutting down forests and polluting rivers destroys the habitats of many forms of life.There is no longer any doubt that this is happening. Specials of live are disappearing at an increasing rate. Global temperatures are rising and weather patterns are changing. Scientists are warning us that fast action is necessary to save our future. If we don’t act, we may go the way of the dinosaurs.L4 Unit 2-1 vocabulary 身体系统、产业、技术The body circulatory system includes the heart and blood vessels. The heart pumps blood to all parts of body through a network of arteries（动脉） and veins.The digestive system breaks down and absorbs food into the body. It supplies the energy that the body need s for growth and repair. After digestion, excess food is turned into waste and eliminated from the body.The nervous system includes the brain, spinal cord and nerves. This is your bodies control system. It controls your muscles and organs included your circulatory and digestive system.The nervous system regulates your heartbeat and digestion.It brings air and oxygen into the body and removes carbon dioxide. The lungs are where oxygen enters the bloodstream and carbon dioxide is removed.The immune system protects the body against infections and diseases. Sneezing and fever are examples of how the immune system works. If an infection invades the body and the immune system attacks it.The control use of fire allowed people to cook food and survive in the colder climates. Fire provided the light so that people could work and socialize for longer hours.With the invention of agriculture, people can grow food and settle into communities. By growing food, people could spend less time hunting and more time for other things, such as art.With the development of agriculture, people had more time for other activities.The domestication of animals allows people to raise and use animals for food and work. By raise herds of animals, such as sheep, people have regular supply of meat and clothing. The strength of animals such as horses and oxen was used for work and transportation.The development of tools and machines has resulted in a more fashion manufacturing and construction. With better tools and machines, works can be done with fewer people and much lower cost.The development of science and engineering has improved many things including communications. With understanding of electricity, telephone and radios allow people to communicate over long distances.The use of machines has reduced the number of people needed to make things.。
懂你英语Level-4
L4 Unit 1-1Listening 旅游Christina is on a two-weeks vacation. This is the first vacation she has had for a long time. The last vacation she took was more than 2 years ago. Now she is visiting a friend in San Francisco. Her friend and her husband are living near the center of the city. He works for a start-up company in Silicon Valley. While he is working, she works part-time at a department store.Christiana hasn’t seen her friend for a long time. The last time they saw each other was 3 years ago. At that time, they were both working at a department store. Then Christina quit her job and started her own business. She designs women’s clothing. She has 2 employees now and her company is slowly growing.Christina has come to San Francisco by herself. Her husband didn’t come because he has to work. He tried to start a company 2 years ago, but it didn’t work out. His company failed after only a few months. So now he’s working at another company and saving money. Once he saves enough money, he plans to start another company. He doesn’t want to give up.This is the second time Christina has been to San Francisco. The first time was when she was a high school student. That was more than 10 years ago. During that trip she was only in San Francisco for a few days. After that she went to Los Angles and New York. This time she and her friend plan to relax and have fun.Christina arrived two days ago, the day before yesterday. Her friend met her at the airport and drove her to her apartment. Her apartment is just north of the airport, about 20 minutes from San Francisco. It’s a small apartment, but it’s on a hill and it has a great view. Yesterday, they went downtown and rode the cable cars. Christina was surprised by how steep the hills are. Then they walked along the ocean and ate lunch at the seafood restaurant. From the restaurant, they could see the Golden Gate bridge.Tomorrow they’re planning to drive to Yosemite National Park. By car it’s about 4 hours away. Christina has never been there before, so she is excited. She has heard that the park is very beautiful. Her friend has been to Yosemite several times. She says it’s one of the most beautiful places in the world. Christina just hopes that her friend is a good driver.L4 Unit 1-1 vocabulary 伤病和地貌地形Headache can be very painful and can last for a long time. If you have headache your head hurts.A headache can be caused by an injury to the head.A sprained ankle can be so painful that you can’t walk. Someone with a sprained ankle may need to use to crutches to walk.If you have a sore throat, it may be painful to swallow. A sore throat can be caused by viruses or bacteria.A burn is an injury to the skin cause by fire or heat. If you get too close to a fire, you will be burned.An earache is a sharp, dull or burning pain in the ear. Common causes of an earache include an infection, a changing air pressure or water in the ear.Mountains are landforms higher than 2000 feet or about 600 meters above sea level. Hills are like mountain, but not as tall. Mountains are formed by the forces deep within the earth and are made of many types of rocksRivers are stream of water that usually begin at mountains and flow into the sea. Many early cities were built alongside rivers.Most of the world’s water is in the ocean, which are the large bodies of salt water. The oceans are also an important source of oxygen.The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest ocean, covering more area than all the continents put together.Deserts are areas of land that receive little or no rainfall. The amount of rainfall in some deserts is so low that only a few plants can survive.Desert temperatures can range from cold at night to very hot during the daytime, often above 120 degrees F.A valley is low, relatively flat area between hills and mountains, often with the river running through it. Some valleys are formed by flowing river and others are formed by glaciers.L4 Unit 1-1 dialogue 谈论吃饭和预约M: Have you eaten yet.F: Not, I haven’t and I’m hungry.M: Me too. Let’s go out for dinner.F: Where toM: What about joe’s Italian.F: How many times have you eaten there.M: I eat there a lot. It’s one of my favorite places.F: I went there two weeks ago and the service was terrible.M: Really, then let’s go some places else. What do you suggest?F: How about the royal Indian. It’s not far from here.M: I’ve never heard of it. Is it good?F: Yes, I have been there several times and I’ve never been disappointed.M: Ok, let’s try it. I’ve never eaten Indian food for a long time.F: You won’t be disappointed and the prices are reasonable.M: Ah, so you mean I’m going to pay.F: Well, that would certainly be nice.M: What about reservations.F: If you get there early enough, we won’t need them.M: I hope you’re right.F: Don’t worry, if we have to wait, I‘ll pay the bill.L4 Unit 1-2 Listening 旅游2Today, Christina and her friend are enjoying themselves. This morning they got up very early and drove out of San Francisco. They crossed the Bay Bridge before the early morning commute and drove south. Because it was so early, there were almost not cars.After driving an hour and a half, they stopped to had breakfast. They ordered pancakes and coffee. They also had some fresh fruits. When they finished eating, it was 7 o’clock. Then they got back into the car and drove south. Christina wanted to listen to music, so they turned on the radio. An hour later they stopped for gas. They noticed that there was also a charging station for electric cars.It’s now 1:15 and they are in Yosemite Park. They have been there for two hours, since 11:15. They are looking at the Yosemite falls, which is the highest waterfall in the park. The water drops a total of 740 meters from the top of upper fall to the base of the lower fall.In another 15 minutes they plan to eat lunch at a magnificent old hotel in the park. It was built in 1927 and has a great view. They wanted to stay there, but they couldn’t get reservation. To get a room at that hotel you usually need to make reservations several months in advance.They plan to stay in the park until around 4 o’clock. By then they will have been in the park for nearly 5 hours. Then they’ll get back into the car and drive back to San Francisco. They plan to eat dinner somewhere along the way. If the traffic isn’t too bad, they should be back in San Francisco by 10 o’clock.Early tomorrow morning they are going to cross the Golden Gate Bridge and go north along the coast. From some places, you can look out on the ocean and see whales and other sea life. Christina has never seen a whale before, so she’s looking forward to it. And tomorrow night they have something special planned. They are going to watch a baseball game. Christina has never seen a baseball game, but she has heard that it is very popular in the US. And the San Francisco baseball team is one of the best.L4 Unit 1-2 vocabulary 力学、几何A force is a push or a pull on the object. A force changes the motion of a moving object.A force can be strong or weak and it always has a direction.The earth is a planet that goes around the sun in the circular orbit. The speed of its motion doesn’t change and the direction of its motion does. The earth has a layer of gas above its surface, which helps to support life.Atoms are the building blocks of matter. At the center of an atom is its nucleus, which has a positive electric charge. Outside the nucleus are electrons, which have a negative charge.Asteroids(小行星) and comics are object that orbits（轨道）our sun, but are smaller than planets. Asteroid that pass close to the earth are called the near-earth objects. The layer of gases, just above the earth surface, is our atmosphere. The atmosphere is made up of gases, such as oxygen and nitrogen. Without an atmosphere, there would be not life on earth.The two lines on the left intersect（横断）each other at a right angle which is 90 degrees. The 2 lines on the right are parallel, which means they never cross.The adjacent sides of rectangle are perpendicular, which means they meet at a 90-degree angle. The opposite sides of the rectangle are equal a parallel, which means they never cross. The area of a rectangle is the length times the width.A circle is the 2 dimensional（尺寸的）figures with radius（半径）and circumference which is the distance around the circle. The area of the circle is π R square, where r is the radius and Pi is the ratio of the circle’s circumference to its diameter.A sphere is a 3 dimensional figure with the a ratio and volume, which is the three-fourth πR cube（立方体）. All points on the surface of the sphere are equidistant（等距离的）from its center.A rectriangle is a 2 dimensional figure with 3 sides, 2 of which are perpendicular. To find its area, multiply the length of the 2 perpendicular（垂直的）sides, A andB and divided by 2, A equates （相等）one half A B.The electric force between the nucleus and the electrons holds the atom together.A force can increase or decrease the speed of an object, and it can change the direction of motion.L4 Unit 1-2 dialogueM：Have you finished eating yet.F：Not, I haven’t.Why are you in such a hurry.M：I’m sorry, but you are such a slow eater.F：A slow eater? Well I try to enjoy my food. You just eat and swallow. I don’t see how you can even taste it.M：Ok, I’m sorry. Do you mind if I get another glass of wine.F：No, go ahead. I don’t want you to sit there putting pressure on me. I thought we were going to have a relaxing evening.M：Yes, you are right. I’d like to relax, but I had a lot on my mind.F：What created?M：Yes. it is. I’ve been getting some strange emails from my boss. He wants me to cut down on my expenses. Maybe he wants to fire me.F：Is business bad?M：Yes, it is. But I don’t want to talk about it.F：Ok, but I’m a good listener. You can tell me if you’d like to.M：Thanks, maybe some other time. I’ll try to start thinking about it and deal with it tomorrow. F：Good idea. You need to take a break from work. Your health is important and so am I.M：Yes, you are. I don’t know what I would do without you.L4 Unit 1-3 listening 旅游3Harry is an American businessman. His job requires him to do a lot of travelling. He takes 9 or 10 trips a year. In the past six months he has made five trips. Three were to Asia and two were to Europe. The purpose of these trips is to attend meetings and make presentations.Harry loves to travel and he has traveled to many countries. Most of his trips are for one or two weeks. His first international trip was 15 years ago when he was 20 years old. He really wanted to see Asia, so he and a friend flew to Tokyo, Japan.From Tokyo, they traveled around Japan for 2 weeks. The people they met very nice, but most of them didn’t speak English. Harry tried to speak a little Japanese, but it was difficult. He didn’t do very well. When he spoke to people, most of them just looked at him. They didn’t understand what he was trying to say.From Japan they went to Korea for a week, and then they went to China. In China they visited the Great Wall in Beijing. He stayed in Beijing for a few days and then they boarded a train for shanghai. It was an overnight train with sleeping cars.During the journey, they enjoyed looking out of the window at the countryside. The view from the train was wonderful. Harry will never forget watching the sun go down in the evening. It was a beautiful sunset.The journey to shanghai took many hours, but it was an unforgettable experience. On the train, he met a Chinese Professor who spoke English. He was middle-aged man whose hair was turning grey. He told them about how things were changing in China. It was wonderful to watch him as he was speaking. His eyes were full of energy and excitement.They only stayed in shanghai for a couple of days. Then they returned to the US and went back to school. They had one more year to finish their studies.Harry’s next new trips were to different parts of the world. He went to Europe twice, each time to different countries. On one trip he travel through the UK and France. On the next trip he went Italy and Greece.After the Europe he traveled to Mexico and South America. In south America he went to Argentina and Brazil. He enjoyed watching some great soccer matches.Then he decided to go back to Asia. But this time, he went to Southeast Asia. He visited Vietnam, Thailand and Singapore. Each country had a charm of its own.After this travel, harry decided to make travel part of his career. He didn’t want to work only in the US. He didn’t want work only with Americans. He wanted to experience other countries and other cultures. His dream was to work for an international company.Five years ago his dream came true. Now he’s working for a German hi-tech company. As part of his job, he has to travel a lot. As a result, he has been to many cities and counties. And he has met many interesting people.L4 Unit 1-3 vocabulary 牙齿、人体器官cavity n.腔，洞;蛀牙，龋洞A dental cavity is a hole in the tooth. A cavity is caused by bacteria in the mouth. Brushing your teeth frequently and regularly can help prevent cavities.cracked adj.有裂缝的;声音沙哑的;精神失常的v.破裂;崩溃(crack的过去分词);发沙哑声A cracked tooth can be caused by biting down on some hard. Dentists the treat cracked tooth by covering it with a crown(牙冠).A dental X-ray is a picture of your teeth and gums. An X-ray shows what can’t be seen on the surface of teeth and gums.Braces are used by dentists to straighten teeth over a period of years. Those braces are usually for children, they can also be used for adults with crooked teeth.To extract a tooth means to remove it from the mouth. Dentists have to pull hard to extract a tooth.The heart pumps blood to all parts of bodies through a system of arteries and vein. It’s located in the chest, between the lungs and it beats about once per second.Artery n.[解剖]动脉;干线，要道toxin n.毒素;毒质The kidneys remove waste and toxins from the blood. They are been shaped organ and about 10 cm long, and 6 cm wide.The lungs exchange oxygen from the air with CO2 from the blood. They expand when inhaling air and contract when exhaling air.Inhale vt.& vi.吸气;吸入;〈非〉狼吞虎咽Exhale vt.发散出;放出，放射;使蒸发;[医]渗出vi.呼气;发散;放出The stomach is below the heart and is part of the digestive system. It uses acids to digest food before passing it to the small intestine.Small intestine n.小肠The bladder is a balloon-shaped organ that collects urine from the kidneys. In an audit, the bladder can hold about half a liter of urine.urine n.尿;小便;下泉 a liter of 公升L4 Unit 1-3 dialogue 谈论贿赂P: Good evening, sir. You were driving too fast.M: Really. Was i.P: Yes, you were going well above the speed limit.M: I’m sorry, officer.P: Ok, I need to see your driver’s license.M: Here’s my driver’s license.P: Your license is expired. Are you aware of that?M: No, sir. That’s a surprise. I didn’t know.P: It expired more than a year ago.P: Is this your car.M: No, sir, it’s a friend’s. I’m borrowing it for the night.P: Get out of the car and put your hands behind your back.M: Why officer? what have I done?P: Just do as I say.M: Ok officer, I’m cooperating. Please don’t push me.P: Get your hands behind your back.M: Ok, ok!P: I’m not asking you. I’m ordering you.M: Please officer. I haven’t done anything wrong.P: Stay still and don’t say anything. This is a stolen car, are you aware of that.M: Are you going to arrest me.P: What do you think? That’s what we do with car thieves.M: If you let me go. I will give you a couple of thousand dollars. I haven’t hurt anybody. P: So now you’re trying to bribe me. How stupid can you be.M: I just don’t want to go back to jail. Give me a break.P: Sure, you are a nice guy. I’d like to give you a break. But that’s nothing I can do. M: Please officer.P: Ok, where is the money. Let me see it and I will think about it.L4 Unit 1-4 listening 家政服务Quick service is a successful home repair company. It provides quick, reliable repair services to homes. It was established 5 years ago and has been expanding rapidly. In the last 2 years, it has opened offices in 3 new cities.Because of its rapid growth, it has to hire many new employees. In the last 6 months, it has hired 50 new employees. The total number of the employees in the company is now over 500. And the number of the customers has increased to more than 5000.The company has also improved its business model. Instead of offering only repair services, it can now help customers upgrade their appliances. Quick Service does this by one. If they choose to buy a new one, they will get a discounted price. So a customer can either repair a broken refrigerator for a small fee or buy a new one.If they buy a new one, they will get a discounted price, along with free installation. This is possible because several appliance manufactures have agreed to give QuickService big discounts. QuickService then installs the new appliance and remove the old one. Feedback from customers has been positive.A high percentage of customers have taken advantages of this new service. As a result, QuickService has developed a great reputation. Its dedication to the high quality service has proven to be successful. Its word-of-mouth approach to advertising has been cost effective. The appliance manufactures have also been happy with the results. Their growing relationship with QuickService has helped increase their sales.The world’s population is growing. There are now over 7 billion people in the world. During the 20th century, the population grew from 1.65 billion to 6 billion. It’s now going at a rate of around 1.1% per year. That means an increase is about 80 million per year. By 2024 the population is expected to be around 8 billion people.The growth rate used to be higher. In the late 1960s, the rate of growth was about 2%. Since then the growth rate has declined. It is estimated that the growth rate will be even less than 1% by 2020. By the year 2050 the growth rate should be even less.Even with a declining growth rate, the population will continue to grow. But it will grow at a slower rate. In the past 50 years, the world’s population has more than doubled. It has doubled from around 3 billion in 1960 to more than 7 billion in 2011.The rate of growth varies by country. The growth rate in India is more than twice that of china. And the growth rate in Nigeria, which is Africa, is more than twice than India’s growth rate. Russia, one the other hand, has had a negative growth rate in some years. When the country has a negative growth rate, its population is decreasing.L4 Unit 1-4 vocabulary 名人和性格Co-founder of Apple, this entrepreneur was a major figure in the computer industry. He was self-center and difficult to work for, but he led the development of many great products. He died of cancer when he was just 56 years old.Jack Ma is one of the richest and most famous men in china. He comes from a poor family and failed his college entrance exam twice. Despite of many failures, he has built one of the world’s largest internet companies.David Beckham is one of world’s richest and famous athletes. He stared playing professional football when he was just 17. Much of his successful at an athlete, is because he practice hard than many other players.As a young girl in Pakistan, Malala became famous for her writing some women education. In 2012, she was shot in the head and nearly killed. She survived the injury and became the world’s most famous teenager.Born in 1942, Stephen Hocking is one of the world’s most famous scientists. When he was 23, he was diagnosed with AIS, a rare disease of the nerves. Because of his disease, he is unable to walk and talk.Shy people are usually quiet and uncomfortable around other people. They generally dislike going to social events such as party. It’s often difficult to make friend with shy person because they won’t open up.Outgoing people are enjoying being with other people and are comfortable in social situations. They are friendly and pleasant to be with, though sometime they can be trusted.Self-centered people like to be the center of attention. They like people to look at them and pay attention to them. Self-centered people often talk too much and don’t listen enough.Selfish and greedy people don’t share things with others. They keep things for themselves and always want more.People who are responsible and trust-worthy, are important in almost any situation. They can be depended on to get things done. These people can be trusted.Some people really dislike being around self-centered people.L4 Unit 1-4 dialogue 女朋友M1：Hey, steven, you know I’m your friend, right.M2：Sure, I know that. What are you trying to say.M1：I’m sorry to say this. But I think you’re making a fool of yourselves.M2：How am i make a fool of myselfM1：You girlfriend are taking advantage of you.M2：Taking advantaging of me?M1：Yes, I think so. She just using you.M2：So, maybe she is. But I don’t mind. Even if she is using me, it’s ok. I’m using her too.M1：What do you mean. Aren’t you in love with her?M2：Yes, I’m in love with her. But that doesn’t mean that I’m not using her too.M1：I don’t understand. What do you mean.M2：Maybe I’m using her because I enjoy being in love. I can’t imagine life without her. Even if she hurts me sometimes, I love her.M1：Do you trust her.M2：Yes, I trust. She tells me what’s important to her. She’s honest with me. She is never lied to me about anything important.M1：Are you honest with her?M2：Yes, we are honest with each other, even when it hurts. And because we’re honest with each other, we trust each other.M1：Ok, so you don’t think you’re being taken advantage of.M2：No, I don’t, as long as she is honest with me. The day she isn’t honest with me, will be the end of our relationship. And when that happens, my heart will break. But until then, I’m her man.M1：Ok, I think I understand. I didn’t think you knew what was going on.M2：I’m as stupid as my look, my friend. Being in love with her, makes my life exiting.M1：Well, I hope you’re right.L4 Unit 2-1 Listening 物种、环境The earth was formed about 4.6 million years ago. The first life appeared about a billion years later. The first plants didn’t appear until around 2 billion years ago. Until around 580 million years ago, life forms were small and microscopic(微观). Since that time, live has evolved into many different types, or species. However, scientists estimate that more than 99% of them are now extinct.There have been several extinction events in the history of the Earth. In an extinction event many life forms, or species of life, die out. The causes of the mass extinction events are unsolved mysteries. These events are not predictable and can happen at any time. Scientists think that some of them were started by asteroid impacts or volcanic eruptions. Events like these can change the global conditions that life depends on.One major extinction event happened about 66 million years ago. That event may have been started by a large asteroid that hit the Earth. As a result, the dinosaurs and about half of all species on the planet died out. When the asteroid hit the earth, it started a chain of events. A chain of events is a series of events linked together, like a chain.This particular chain of events happened over a period of months and years. When the asteroid hit the earth, it caused a huge cloud of dust to enter the atmosphere. This cloud of dust blocked the sun and darkened the Earth for many months. Without enough sunlight, plants and plant-eating animals quickly died. With the deaths of so many plants and animals, the food chain collapsed. This led to the deaths of many more species.Mass extinction events have played an important part in the evolution of life. In fact, some extinction events have helped to accelerate evolution. For example, some mammals lived through the age of dinosaurs, but they couldn’t compete. When the dinosaurs were removed, the mammals were able to compete more successfully. Once they could compete, mammals evolved to a higher state. Without the extinction events, perhaps we wouldn’t be here today.Scientists estimate that there have been at least 5 mass extinctions in the last 540 million years. They also believe that we have entered a new extinction event. Species are becoming extinct at a much faster rate than before. Instead of asteroids or volcanic eruptions, the current event is the result of human activities. Human activities, for example, have led to global warming.Global warming is the result of an increase in carbon gases in our atmosphere. These gases trap heat from the sun, so the Earth is getting warmer. As a result, sea levels are rising and weather patterns are changing. In addition, we humans are destroying the habitats of many plants and animals. Cutting down forests and polluting rivers destroys the habitats of many forms of life.There is no longer any doubt that this is happening. Specials of live are disappearing atan increasing rate. Global temperatures are rising and weather patterns are changing. Scientists are warning us that fast action is necessary to save our future. If we d on’t act, we may go the way of the dinosaurs.L4 Unit 2-1 vocabulary 身体系统、产业、技术The body circulatory system includes the heart and blood vessels. The heart pumps blood to all parts of body through a network of arteries（动脉）and veins.The digestive system breaks down and absorbs food into the body. It supplies the energy that the body need s for growth and repair. After digestion, excess food is turned into waste and eliminated from the body.The nervous system includes the brain, spinal cord and nerves. This is your bodies control system. It controls your muscles and organs included your circulatory and digestive system.The nervous system regulates your heartbeat and digestion.It brings air and oxygen into the body and removes carbon dioxide. The lungs are where oxygen enters the bloodstream and carbon dioxide is removed.The immune system protects the body against infections and diseases. Sneezing and fever are examples of how the immune system works. If an infection invades the body and the immune system attacks it.The control use of fire allowed people to cook food and survive in the colder climates. Fire provided the light so that people could work and socialize for longer hours.With the invention of agriculture, people can grow food and settle into communities. By growing food, people could spend less time hunting and more time for other things, such as art.With the development of agriculture, people had more time for other activities.The domestication of animals allows people to raise and use animals for food and work. By raise herds of animals, such as sheep, people have regular supply of meat and clothing. The strength of animals such as horses and oxen was used for work and transportation.The development of tools and machines has resulted in a more fashion manufacturing and construction. With better tools and machines, works can be done with fewer people and much lower cost.The development of science and engineering has improved many things including communications. With understanding of electricity, telephone and radios allow people to communicate over long distances.The use of machines has reduced the number of people needed to make things.。
懂你英语Levelunit
Level 3 unit 1 part1ListeningKathy usually gets up at 6:30, but th is morning, she didn’t hear her alarm. As a result, she overslept.She didn’t get up until 7:00, 30 minutes later than usual.As a result, she didn’t have time to cook breakfast for her ch ildren.-Why did she oversleep?–She didn’t hear her alarm.-Why didn’t she cook breakfast?–She didn’t have time.Today Kathy and her kids left home early.They usually leave home at 7:30, but today they left at 7:15.They left early because they had to buy breakfast on their way to school. -Why did they leave home early?–They had to buy breakfast on their way to school.-What did they have to buy on their way to school?–their breakfast.It usually takes 45 minutes to drive her kids to school, but today it took longer.It took them longer because they stopped for breakfast along the way.It took 15 minutes for them to have breakfast.They ate at a little coffee shop along the side of the road.-How long does it usually take to drive her kids to school?–It usually takes 45 minutes.-How long did it take them to have breakfast?–It took 15 minutes.After eating breakfast, they got back into their car.On most days the traffic isn’t too bad in the morning.But this morning, it was much worse than usual.The cars were moving very slowly.As a result it took them longer than usual to get to school.-What did they do after eating breakfast?–They got back into their car.One of her children got to school on time, but the other two were late. They were late because their schools are farther away.They were both about 10 minutes late to school.–How late were two of her children?–They were about 10 minutes late.When Kathy finally got home she cleaned her house as usual.She vacuumed the living room and cleaned the bathroom.Then she talked with her friend on the phone as usual.When she finished talking with her friend she got into her car.She put the key into the ignition, and tried to start the engine.But the car’s engine didn’t start.Her car battery was dead, so she had to call for help.-What happened when she tried to start her car?–The car’s engine didn’t start.-Why did she have to call for help?–to get a new battery.After getting a new battery for her car, the engine started.Then Kathy drove to the mall to meet her friend.She arrived to the mall an hour late but her friend was waiting for her. They had lunch together and then they went shopping.They both bought new shoes and some things for their kids.。
懂你英语Levelunit
Level 4 unit 1 part1ListeningChristina is on a two week vocation.This is the first vocation she has had for a long time.The last vocation she took was more than two years ago.Now she is visiting a friend in San Francisco.Her friend and her husband are living near the center of the city.He works for a start-up company in Silicon Valley.While he is working, she works part-time at a department store.-How long has it been since her last vocation–It’s been more than 2 years.-What kind of company do es her friend’s husband work for–A start-up company.Christina hasn’t seen her friend for a longtime.The last time they saw each other was three years ago.At that time, they were both working at a department store.Then Christina quitted her job and started her own business.She designs women’s clothing.She has two employees now and her company is slowly growing.-How long has it been since Christina last saw her friend –It has been 3 years.-Where were Christina and her friend working before she started her own business–They were working at a department store.-How long has it been since Christina started her own business–It’s been 3 years.Christina has come to San Francisco by herself.Her husband didn’t come, because he has to work.He tried to start a company two years ago, but it didn’t work out.His company failed after only a few months.So now he is working at another company and saving money.Once he saves enough money, he plans to start another company.He doesn’t want to give up.-Why hasn’t Christina’s husband come with her–He has to work.-Why is Christina’s husband saving money–He wants to start a new company.This is the second time Christina has been to San Francisco.The first time was when she was a high school student.That was more than ten years ago.During that trip, she was only in San Francisco for a few days.After that, she went to Los Angeles and New York.This time she and her friend plan to relax and have fun.-How many times has Christina been to San Francisco–She has been to San Francisco twice.-How long did she stay in San Francisco on her first trip–A few days.Christina arrived two days ago, the day before yesterday.Her friend met her at the airport, and drove her to her apartment.Her apartment is just north of the airport, about 20 minutes from San Francisco.It’s a small apartment, but it’s on a hill, and it has a great view. Yesterday they went downtown, and rode the cable cars.Christina was surprised by how steep the hills are.Then they walked along the ocean, and ate lunch at a sea food restaurant. Fromthe restaurant, they could see the Golden Gate Bridge.-How long has she been here–For two days.Tomorrow they are planning to drive to Yosemite National Park.By car, it’s about four hours aw ay.Christina has never been there before, so she is excited.She has heard that the park is very beautiful.Her friend has been to Yosemite several times.She says that it’s one of the most beautiful places in the world. Christina just hopes that her friend is a good driver.-How many times has she been to the Yosemite–Never.VocabularyHeadaches can be very painful, and can last for a long time.If you have a headache, your head hurts.A sprained ankle can be so painful that you can’t walk.Someone with a sprained ankle may need to use crutches to walk.If you have a sore throat, it may be painful to swallow.A sore throat can be caused by viruses or bacteria.A burn is an injury to the skin caused by fire or heat.If you get to close to a fire, you will be burned.An earache is a sharp, dull or burning pain in the ear.Common causes of an earache include an infection, a changing air pressure, or water in the ear.Mountains are land forms higher than 2000 feet or about 600 meters above sea level.Hills are like mountains but not as tall.Mountains are formed by forces deep within the Earth, and are made of different types of rocks.Rivers are streams of water that usually begin in mountains and flow into the sea.Many early cities were built alongside rivers.Most of the world’s water is in the oceans, which are large bodies of salt water.The oceans are also an important source of oxygen.Deserts are areas of land that receive little or no rainfall.The amount of rainfall in some deserts is so low that only a few plants can survive.A valley is a low relatively flat area between hills or mountains, oftenwith a river running through it. Somevalleys are formed by flowing water, and others are formed by glaciers. The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest ocean, covering more area than all the continents put together.Desert temperatures can range from cold at night to very hot during the daytime, often above 120 degrees FDialogueM: Have you eaten yetW: No, I haven’t, and I’m hungry.M: Me too. L et’s go out for dinner.W: Where toM: What about Joe’s ItalianW: How many times have you eaten thereM: I eat there a lot. It’s one of my favorite places.-Why is she hungry–She hasn’t eaten yet.W: I went there two weeks ago, and the service was terrible.M:Really Then let’s go someplace else.-Why doesn’t she want to go to Joe’s Italian–She went there two weeks ago and the service was terrible.M: What do you suggestW: How about the Royal Ind ian It’s not far from here.M: I’ve never heard of it. Is it goodW: Yes, I’ve been there several times, and I’ve never been disappointed. -What’s one reason she suggests Royal Indian–It’s not far away.-Has she been to the Royal Indian before–Yes, she has.M: OK, let’s try it. I haven’t eaten Indian food for a long time.W: You won’t be disappointed, and the prices are reasonable.M: Ah, so you mean I’m going to pay.W: Well, that would certainly be nice.-How expensive is the restaurant–It’s reasona bly priced.M: What about reservationsW: If we get there early enough, we won’t need them.M: I hope you are right.W: Don’t worry, if we have to wait, I’ll pay the bill.-What would happen if they don’t get there early enough–They may have to wait.When she went there two weeks ago, the service was awful.She has been there several times.Level 4 unit 1 part2ListeningToday Christina and her friend are enjoying themselves.This morning they got up very early and drove out of San Francisco. They crossed the Bay Bridge before the early morning commute and drove south.Because it was so early, there were almost no cars.-How heavy was the traffic–There were almost no cars.After driving for an hour and a half, they stopped and had breakfast. They ordered pancakes and coffee.They also had some fresh fruit.When they finished eating, it was seven o’clock.Then they got back into the car, and drove south.Christina wanted to listen to music, so they turned on the radio.An hour later, they stopped for gas.They noticed that there was also a charging station for electric cars. -How did they order for breakfast–They ordered pancakes and coffee.-What did they do after they finished eating–They got back into the car and drove south.It’s now 1:15 (one fifteen), and they are in Yosemite Park.They have been there for two hours, since 11:15(eleven fifteen).They are looking at Yosemite falls, which is the highest waterfall in the park.The water drops a total of 740 meters from the top of the upper fall to the base of the lower fall.-When did they arrive at the park–They got there at 11:15.In another fifteen minutes, they planned to eat lunch at a magnificent old hotel in the park.It was built in 1927 and has a great view.They wanted to stay there but they couldn’t get reservations.To get a room at that hotel, you usually need to make reservations several months in advance.-When do you need to make reservations–You need to make reservations several months in advance.-Why couldn’t they get reser vations–They didn’t reserve early enough.They planned to stay in the park until around four o’clock.By then, they will have been in the park for nearly five hours.Then they will get back into the car and drive back to San Francisco. They plan to eat dinner somewhere along the way.If the traffic isn’t too bad, they should be back in San Francisco by ten o’clock.-When do they expect to be back in San Francisco–They expect to be back by 10 o’clock.-How long would they have been in the park if they leave as scheduled –For nearly 5 hours.Early tomorrow morning, they are going to cross the Golden Gate Bridge and go north along the coast.From some places you can look out on the ocean and see whales and other sea life.Christina has never seen a whale before, so she is looking forward to it.And tomorrow night they have something special planned.They are going to watch a baseball game.Christina has never seen a baseball game, but she has heard that it is very popular in the US. Andthe San Francisco baseball team is one of the best.-What does she hope to see from the coast–She hopes to see whales.-What are they going to do tomorrow morning–They are going to cross the Golden Gate Bridge.VocabularyA force is a push or a pull on an object.A force changes the motion of a moving object.A force can be strong or weak and it always has a direction.The Earth is a planet that goes around the sun in a circular orbit.The speed of its motion doesn’t change, but the direction of its motion does.The Earth has a layer of gas above its surface which helps to support life. Atoms are the building blocks of matter.At the center of an atom is its nucleus which has a positive electric charge. Outside the nucleus are electrons which have a negative charge. Asteroids and comets are objects that obey our sun, but are smaller than planets.Asteroids that pass close to the Earth are called near-earth objects. The layer of gases just above the Earth’s surface is our atmosphere. The atmosphere is made of gases such as oxygen and nitrogen. Withoutan atmosphere there would be no life on Earth.If they collide with Earth they could cause an extinction event.A force can increase or decrease the speed of an object, and it can change the direction of motion. Theelectric force between the nucleus and the electrons holds the atom together.The two lines on the left intersect each other at a right angle which is90 degrees.The two lines on the right are parallel which means they never cross. The adjacent sides of a rectangle are perpendicular which means they meet a 90-degree angle.The opposite sides of a rectangle are equal and parallel which means they never cross.The area of a rectangle is the length times the width.A circle is a two dimensional figure with a radius and a circumference which is the distance around the circle. Thearea of a circle is Pi R squared, where R is the radius and Pi is the ratio of the circle circumference to its diameter.A sphere is a three dimensional figure with a radius and a volume which is four thirds Pi R cubed.All points on the surface of a sphere are equidistant from its center.A right triangle is a two dimensional figure with three side, two of which are perpendicular.To find its area, multiply the length of the two perpendicular sides a and b and divide by 2, A equals 1 half ab.A rectangle is a 2 dimensional figure with 4 sides.DialogueM: Have you finished eating yetW: No, I haven’t. Why are you in such a hurryM: I’m sorry, but you are such a slow eater.W: A slow eater Well, I try to enjoy my food. You just eat and swallow.I don’t see how you can even taste it.M: OK, I’m sorry. Do you mind if I get another glass of wineW: No, go ahead. I don’t want you to sit there putting pressure on me.I thought we were going to have a relaxing evening.-What does she allow him to do–She allows him to get another glass of wine.A relaxing evening is the opposite of a high-pressure evening.M: Yes, you are right. I’d like to relax, but I have a lot on my mind.W: Work relatedM: Yes, it is. I’ve been getting some strange emails from my boss. He wants me to cut down on my expenses.Maybe he wants to fire me.His boss wants him to spend less.-What is he afraid of–He may lose his job.W: Is business badM: Yes, it is. But I don’t want to talk about it.W: OK, but I’m a good listener. You can tell me if you’d like to.-What doesn’t he want to talk about–He doesn’t want to talk about his business.M: Thanks. Maybe some other time.I’ll try to stop thinking about it until when it’s tomorrow.W: Good idea. You need to take a break from work.Your healthy is important, and so am I.M:Yes, you are. I don’t know what I would do without you.To deal with something means to do something about it.Level 4 unit 1 part3ListeningHarry is an American businessman.His job requires him to do a lot of travelling.He takes nine or ten trips a year.In the past six months, he has made five trips.Three were to Asia, and two were to Europe.The purpose of his trips is to attend meetings and make presentations. -What does his job require him to do–Travel a lot.-What is the purpose of his trips–Attend meetings and make presentations.His job requires him to attend meetings in many countries.Harry loves to travel and he’s travelled to many countries.Most of his trips are for one or two weeks.His first international trip was 15 years ago when he was 20 years old. He really wanted to see Asia, so he and his friend flew to Tokyo, Japan. -How long are most of his trips–for one or two weeks.From Tokyo, they travelled around Japan for 2 weeks.The people they met were very nice, but most of them didn’t speak English. Harry tried to speak a little Japanese, but it was difficult.He didn’t do very well.When he spoke to people, most of them just looked at him.They didn’t understand what he was trying to say.-What language did he try to use when he was in Japan–He tried to speak Japanese.He has made 5 trips in the last 6 months.From Japan, they went to Korea for a week, and then they went to China. In China, they visited the Great Wall near Beijing.They stayed in Beijing for a few days, and then boarded a train for Shanghai. It was an overnight train, with sleeping cars.-What kind of train did they take to Shanghai–It was an overnight train.-How long did they stay in Beijing–for a few days.During the journey, they enjoyed looking out the window at the countryside. The view from the train was wonderful.Harry will never forget watching the sun go down in the evening.It was a beautiful sunset.-What did they enjoy doing during the journey–looking out the window at the countryside.-What won’t Harry ever forget–Watching the beautiful sunset.The journey to Shanghai took many hours, but it was an unforgettable experience.On the train, they met a Chinese professor who spoke English. He was a middle-aged man, whose hair was turning grey.He told them about how things were changing in China.It was wonderful to watch him as he was speaking.His eyes were full of energy and excitement.-Who did they meet on the train–a Chinese professor.-What did the professor talk about–He talked about the many changes China was experiencing. They only stayed in Shanghai a couple of days.Then they returned to the US and went back to school.They had one more year to finish their studies.-Why did they return to the US–They went back to finish their studies.Harry’s next few trips were to different part of the world. He went to Europe twice, each time to different countries. On one trip, he travelled through the UK and France.On the next trip, he went to Italy and Greece.-How many times did he go to Europe–He went to Europe twice.After Europe, he travelled to Mexico and South America.In South America he went to Argentina and Brazil.He enjoyed watching some great soccer matches.-What countries did he visit in South America–Both Argentina and Brazil.Then he decided to go back to Asia.But this time he went to Southeast Asia.He visited Vietnam, Thailand and Singapore.Each country had a charm of its own.-Where did he go after he went to South America–He went to Southeast Asia.-How many countries did he visit in Southeast Asia–He visited 3 different countries.After all these travel Harry decided to make travel part of his career. He didn’t want to work only in the US.He didn’t want to work only with Americans.He wanted to experience other countries and other cultures. Hisdream was to work for an international company.-Why did he decide to work for an international company–he wanted to experience other countries and other cultures.-What was his dream–working for an international company.5 years ago, his dream came true.Now he is working for a German high-tech company.As part of his job, he has to travel a lot.As a result, he has been to many cities and countries.And he has met many interesting people.-What has happened as a result to his job–He has been to many countries and met many interesting people.-What kind of company is he working for–A German hi-tech companyVocabularyA dental cavity is a hole in a tooth.A cavity is caused by bacteria in the mouth.Brushing your teeth frequently and regularly can help prevent cavities.A crack tooth can be caused by biting down on something hard.Dentists treat a crack tooth by covering it with a crown.A dental X-Ray is a picture of your teeth and gums.An X-Ray shows what can’t be seen on the surface of the teeth and gums. Braces are used by dentists to strengthen teeth over a period of years. Through braces are usually for children, they can also be used for adults with crooked teeth.To exact a tooth means to remove it from the mouth.Dentists have to pull hard to exact a tooth.Braces are used on people with crooked teeth or after an injury.Biting down on something hard can be very painful.Dentist often inject something into the gum to block the pain during the extraction process.The heart pumps blood to all parts of the body through a system of arteries and veins.It’s located in the chest, between the lungs, and beats about once per second.The kidneys remove waste and toxins from the blood.They are bean-shaped organs, and are about 10 centimeters long and 6 centimeters wide.The lungs exchange oxygen from the air, with carbon dioxide from the blood. They expand when inhaling air, and contract when exhaling air.The stomach is blow the heart, and is part of the digestive system.It uses acids to digest food before passing it to the small intestine. The bladder is a balloon-shaped organ that collects urine from the kidneys. In an adult, the bladder can hold about half liter of urine.DialogueOfficer: Good evening, sir. You were driving too fast.Driver: really Was IOfficer: Yes, you were going well above the speed limit.Driver: I’m sorry officer.Officer: OK, I need to see your driver’s license.Driver: Here’s my driver’s license.-Why has he been stopped–He was driving too fast.He has given his driver’s license to the police officer.Officer: Your license has expired. Are you aware of thatDriver: No sir, that’s a surprise. I didn’t know.Officer: It has expired more than a year ago.-He probably knows that his license has expired, so…-he’s lying.-What has expired–His driver’s license.Officer: Is this your carDriver: No sir. It’s a friend’s. I’m borrowing it for a night.-Click the correct choice. –He probably isn’t telling the truth. Officer: Get out of the car, and put your hands behind your back. Driver: Why officer What have I doneOfficer: Just do as I say.Driver: OK, officer, I’m cooperating. Please don’t push me.-To cooperate means..–to do as asked.Officer: Get your hands behind your back.Driver: OK, OK.Officer: I’m not asking you, I’m ordering you.Driver: Please officer, I haven’t done anything wrong.-What is he supposed to do–to put his hands behind his back.-To order someone to do something means…-to command them to do it.Officer: Stay still, and don’t say anything. This is a stolen car. Are you aware of thatDriver: Are you going to arrest meOfficer: What do you think T hat’s what we do with car thieves.-Stay still means the same thing as…-Don’t move.-To be aware of means…-to know.Driver: If you let me go, I’ll give you a couple of thousand dollars. I haven’t hurt anybody.Officer: So now you are trying to bribe me. How stupid can you be Driver:I just don’t want to go back to jail. Give me a break.-What is the driver trying to do–bribe the officer.Officer: Sure, you’re a nice guy. I’d like to give you a break. But there’s nothing I can do.Driver: Please officer.Officer: OK, where’s the money Let me see it, and I’ll think about it. -If he takes the money, what would he be taking–a bribe.-An honest police officer will never…-accept a bribeLevel 4 unit 1 part4ListeningQuick Serve is a successful home repair company.It provides quick, reliable repair services to homes.It was established five years ago, and has been expanding rapidly.In the last two years, it has opened offices in three new cities.-How many offices has it opened in the past two years–It has opened offices in 3 new cities.-What services does it provide–It provides home repair services.-To be reliable means…-to be dependable.Because of its rapid growth, it has to hire many new employees.In the last six months, it has hired 50 new employees.The total number of employees in the company is now over 500. Andthe number of customers has increased to more than 5000.-How many people has the company hired in the last 6 months–It has hired 50 new employees.-Why does it have to hire new employees–It has been expanding rapidly.The company has also improved its business model.Instead of offering only repair services, it can now help customers to upgrade their appliances.Quick Serve does this by giving a choice.Customers can choose to repair an appliance, or upgrade it by buying a new one.If they choose to buy a new one, they will get a discounted price.So a customer can either repair a broken refrigerator for a small fee, or buy a new one.-To upgrade something means…-to add features or quality.If they buy a new one, they will get a discounted price, along with free installation.This is possible because several appliance manufacturers have agreed to give Quick Serve big discounts.Quick Serve then installs the new appliance, and removes the old one. Feedback from customers has been positive.-How have customers reacted to this service–Their feedback has been positive.-Who have agreed to give Quick Service big discounts–Several appliance manufacturers.A high percentage of customers have taken advantage of this new service. As a result, Quick Serve has developed a great reputation.Its dedication to high quality service has proven to be successful.Its word of mouth approach to advising has been cost effective.The appliance manufacturers have also been happy with the results.Their growing relationship with Quick Serve has helped to increase their sales.-What has proven to be successful–Its dedication to high quality service. QuickServe’s approach to business is proving to be successful.The world’s population is growing.There are now over 7 billion people in the world.During the 20th century, the population grows from billion to 6 billion. It’s now growing at a rate of around % per year. Thatmean it increases about 18 million per year.By 2024, the population has expected to be around 8 billion people.-How fast is the world’s population growing–The growth rate is about % per year.-What was the population at the end of the 20th century–around 6 billion people.The growth rate used to be higher.In the late 1960s, the rate of growth was about 2%.Since then, the growth rate has declined.It is estimated that the growth rate will be less than 1% by 2020. By the year 2050, the growth rate should be even less.-What has happened to the growth rate–It has declined since the 1960s.It is estimated that the growth rate should be even less.Even with the declining growth rate, the population will continue to grow. But it will grow at a slower rate.In the past 15 years the world’s population has more than doubled.It has doubled from around 3 billion in 1960 to more than 7 billion in 2011. -What has more than doubled in the past 15 years–the world’s population.The rate of growth varies by country.The growth rate in India is more than twice that of China.And the growth rate in Nigeria, which is in Africa, is more than twice India’s growth rate.Russia, on the other hand, has had a negative growth rate in some years. When a country has a negative growth rate, its population is decreasing. -How do the growth rates of India and China compare–India’s growth rate is h igherVocabularyCo-founder of Apple, this entrepreneur was a major figure in the computer industry.He was self-centered and difficult to work for, but he led the developmentof many great products.He died of cancer when he was just 56 years old.Jack ma is one of the richest and most famous men in China.He comes from a poor family and failed his college entrance exams twice. Despite of h is many failures, he has built one of the world’s largest internet companies.David Beckham is one of the world’s richest and most famous athletes. He started playing professional football when he was just 17.Much of his success as an athletes is because he practiced harder than many other players.As a young girl in Pakistan, Malala became famous for her writings on women’s education.In 2012, she was shot in the head and nearly killed.She survived the injury and became the world’s most famous teenager. Born in 1942, Stephen Hawking is one of the world’s most famous scientists. When he was 23, he was diagnosed with ALS, a real disease of the nerves. Becauseof his disease, he is unable to walk and talk.Though he was difficult to work for, his creative genius inspired others to do great work.Despite his condition, he has made important discoveries about the creation of the universe.Shy people are usually quiet and uncomfortable around other people. They generally dislike going to social events such as parties.It’s often difficult to make friends with a shy person because they won’t open up.Outgoing people enjoy being with others, and are comfortable in social situations.They’re friendly and pleasant to be with, though sometimes they can’t be trusted.Self-centered people like to be the center of attention.They like people to look at them and pay attention to them.Self-centered people often talk too much and don’t listen enough. Selfish and greedy people don’t share things with others.They keep things for themselves and always want more.People who are responsible and trustworthy are important in almost any situation.They can be depended on to get things down.These people can be trusted.Outgoing people often have many friends and can be quite popular DialogueM: Hey, Steven, you know I’m your friend, rightSteven: Sure. I know that. What are you trying to sayM: I’m sorry to say this. But I think you are making a fool of yourself. Steven: how am I making a fool of myselfM: Your girlfriend is taking advantage of you.Steven: Taking advantage of meM: Yes, I think so. She’s just using you.-To use someone means…-to take advantage of them.Steven: So, maybe she is. But I don’t mind. Even if she is using me, it’s OK. I’m using her too.M: What do you mean Are you joining in love with herSteven: Yes, I’m in love with her, but that doesn’t mean I’m not using her too.-Steven doesn’t mind if his girlfriend…-is using him.-How does Steven feel about his girlfriend–He’s in love with her.M: I don’t und erstand. What do you meanSteven: Maybe I’m using her because I enjoy being in love. I can’t imagine life without her. Even if she hurts mesometimes, I love her.-What can’t he imagine。
懂你英语Level4Unit
L4 Unit 1-1Listening 旅游Christina was on the 2 weeks’ vacation. This is the first vacation she’s had for a long time. the last vacation she took was more than 2 years ago. Now she is visiting her friend in San Francisco. Her friend and her husband are living in the center of the city. He works at a start-up company at Silicon Valley. While he was working, she worked part time at the department store.克里斯丁正在享受 2周的假期。
这是她这么长时间以来的第一个假期。
她上一个假期还是两年以前。
现在她正在旧金山拜访她的朋友。
她的朋友和朋友老公住在市中心。
她朋友老公在硅谷的创业公司工作。
在他工作的时候,她在百货超市做兼职。
Christiana hasn’t seen her friend for long time. The last time they saw each other was 3 years ago. At that time, they were both working at a department store. Then Christina quit her job and started her own business. She designs women’s clothing. She has 2 employers now and her company is slowly growing.克里斯丁已经好久没有看过她朋友了。
懂你英语Level 3 unit 1(精编文档).doc
【最新整理，下载后即可编辑】Level 3 unit 1 part1ListeningKathy usually gets up at 6:30, but this morning, she didn’t hear heralarm.As a result, she overslept.She didn’t get up until 7:00, 30 minutes later than usual.As a result, she didn’t have time to cook breakfast for her children. -Why did she oversleep?–She didn’t hear her alarm.-Why didn’t she cook breakfast?–She didn’t have time.Today Kathy and her kids left home early.They usually leave home at 7:30, but today they left at 7:15.They left early because they had to buy breakfast on their way to school.-Why did they leave home early?–They had to buy breakfast on their way to school.-What did they have to buy on their way to school?–their breakfast.It usually takes 45 minutes to drive her kids to school, but today it took longer.It took them longer because they stopped for breakfast along the way. It took 15 minutes for them to have breakfast.They ate at a little coffee shop along the side of the road.-How long does it usually take to drive her kids to school?–It usually takes 45 minutes.-How long did it take them to have breakfast?–It took 15 minutes.After eating breakfast, they got back into their car.On most days the traffic isn’t too bad in the morning.But this morning, it was much worse than usual.The cars were moving very slowly.As a result it took them longer than usual to get to school.-What did they do after eating breakfast?–They got back into their car.One of her children got to school on time, but the other two were late. They were late because their schools are farther away.They were both about 10 minutes late to school.–How late were two of her children?–They were about 10 minutes late.When Kathy finally got home she cleaned her house as usual.She vacuumed the living room and cleaned the bathroom.Then she talked with her friend on the phone as usual.When she finished talking with her friend she got into her car.She put the key into the ignition, and tried to start the engine.But the car’s engine didn’t start.Her car battery was dead, so she had to call for help.-What happened when she tried to start her car?–The car’s engine didn’t start.-Why did she have to call for help?–to get a new battery.After getting a new battery for her car, the engine started.Then Kathy drove to the mall to meet her friend.She arrived to the mall an hour late but her friend was waiting for her. They had lunch together and then they went shopping.They both bought new shoes and some things for their kids.。
英语流利说懂你英语企业定制学（全）Level4Unit3Part2Dialogue
英语流利说懂你英语企业定制学（全）Level4Unit3Part2DialogueLevel4 Unit3 Part2 DialogueHey, have you decided how you're going to vote?No, I haven't.I don't like any of the candidates.So you aren't going to vote?Hemmmm, I don't know, probably not.It seems like a waste of time.Really?Why do you think it's a waste of time?Have you listened to any of their speeches?Yes, I have, and I agree that the speeches aren't very good. Exactly.I can't believe anything they say.They are just saying what they think we want to hear.Sure they wanna get elected.I admit that the system isn't perfect, but it's all we have. Whether I vote or not won't make a difference.It's all a show.Well, I think you should vote.Do a little research about the candidates?Have you?Yes, I have.I've looked into the backgrounds, and education.How can that help?For example, if they know something about science, it could help the government make better decisions about issues such as climate change. Yes, that's a good point.We need well educated people making decisions.And I look to see what kind of people are supporting them.What issues do you think are most important?I guess for me, pollution, housing and taxes are important.I want to know how the government plans to deal with these issues.Yes, I agree with you.Maybe I will vote, especially if we can get together and talk more about it.What about dinner tomorrow night?Sorry, I'm busy tomorrow night.Oh, that's too bad.Do you have any time in the next few days?I'll take you to a nice restaurant.Actually, I'm quite busy.But I may have some time Sunday afternoon.We could have lunch somewhere near the office.Sure, that works for me.I'll give you a call on Saturday, and we can decide the details, OK? OK, I'll be looking forward to seeing which candidate you support.。
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Quitting a Job
∙I hear you lost your job. Is that right?
∙Yes, that's right. I quit. I quit because of the way my boss treats people.
∙What happened?
∙I wasn't feeling good one day, and he yell at me. When I told him not yell at me, he threatened me.
∙Is that all? That's what bosses do.
∙Sure, sometimes maybe. But my boss treated everyone badly, and I was tired of it. It was the last straw.
∙The last straw?
∙Yes, you know, it reached the point where I couldn't take anymore.
-What did his boss do?
∙I see. So now you don't have a job.
∙Right, I don't have a job. But at least I don't have to deal with my boss anymore.
∙What are you going to do now?
∙To be honest, I'm not sure, but I'll find something. I'll get a job, even if it pays less than before.
-What isn't he sure of?
∙Are you sorry you quit?
∙Yes and no. I guess I should found another job first, and then quit.
∙Why didn't you?
∙As I said, he push me too far. There are some things that I just won't take.
-Why didn't he wait to quit?
∙What about your wife?
∙She isn't happy that I don't have a job, but she understands. She knows I have a temper.
And she know I wasn't happy working there.
-What does his wife know about him?
∙Well, I get some lucky. My job isn't great, but I like the people I'm working with and I like my manager.
∙Are you planning to stay there?
∙I don't know. For now is OK, but of course it all depends on how things change.
-Is he planning to stay his job?
∙Well if you hear of any job openings, let me know, ok?
∙Sure, send me your resume, and I'll let people know you are looking.
Thanks.
-His boss pushed him too far one too many times, so he couldn't wait to quit.。