中考英语阅读猜词
英语阅读理解猜词技巧实用1份
英语阅读理解猜词技巧实用1份英语阅读理解猜词技巧11.构词法猜词阅读中常常会遇到一些由熟悉的单词派生或合成的新词。
掌握构词法对猜测词义很有帮助。
如:unforeseeable.这个词,可以根据构词法把它拆成un,fore,see,able;其中see是词根,fore是“先,前,预”的含义,un是否定,able是“能……的,可……的”,因此unforeseeable是“未能预见到的”意思。
2.利用同义近义词猜词在生词所出现的上下文中,有时会出现与之同义或近义的词语或结构,这时可从熟悉的词语中推知生词的含义。
统称在词或短语之间有并列连词and或or,这些词语或短语在句中作相同的成分,并且and或or连接的两项内容在含义上是接近的或递进的,由此确定同等关系中的某个生词所属的义域,甚至推出它的大致词义。
3.利用反义词猜词对比是描述,说明事物的常用方式。
在对比中,对比的事物是互为相反的,因此根据反义或对比关系可从已知推出未知。
利用反义词来说明生词的意义,如反义词hot and cold,perfect and imperfect,甚至前、后句为肯定与否定或是与不是等,在句内词与词之间,在段内句与句之间的关系上起着互为线索的作用。
4.利用上下文语境猜词任何一篇文章中的句子在内容上都不是绝对孤立的,都跟句子所在的段落及整整篇文章有关。
利用上下文提供的情景和线索,进行合乎逻辑的综合分析进而推测词义,是阅读过程中的一大关键,这也是**来高考考查的热点。
特别提醒:在做英语阅读理解题时,一定要注意熟词生义!这类猜词题也常见于各年高考题当中。
熟词生义比生词本身的障碍要大得多。
原因有三:其一,高考对生词的数量有数量的规定,不得超过3%;其二,熟词生义很容易引起考生的误解;其三,熟词生义的数量没有限制。
如果这种现象在一篇文章中出现得多,那就更难理解了。
5.利用定义和解释猜词有些文章,特别是科技文章,通常会对一些关键词给予定义,我们可以利用定义来猜测这些词的意思。
中考英语阅读理解解题技巧:猜词.
中考英语阅读理解解题技巧:猜词在阅读的时候,常常会遇到一些生词,影响我们的阅读速度,其实大部分生词的意思都可以通过上下文的关系猜出来,下面就介绍一些猜词的技巧:1. 通过因果关系猜词通过因果关系猜词,首先是找出生词与上下文之间的逻辑关系,然后才能猜词。
有时文章借助关联词(如because ,as ,since ,for ,so ,thus ,as a result,of course,therefore 等等表示前因后果。
例如:You shouldn't have blamed him for that,for it wasn't his fault.通过for 引出的句子所表示的原因(那不是他的错,可猜出blame 的词义是" 责备" 。
2. 通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词通过同义词猜词,一是要看由and 或or 连接的同义词词组,如happy and gay,即使我们不认识gay 这个词,也可以知道它是愉快的意思;二是看在进一步解释的过程中使用的同义词,如Man has known something about the planetsVenus ,Mars ,and Jupiter with the help of spaceships. 此句中的Venus(金星、Mars(火星、Jupiter(木星均为生词,但只要知道planets 就可猜出这几个词都属于" 行星" 这一义域。
通过反义词猜词,一是看表转折关系的连词或副词,如but ,while ,however 等;二是看与not 搭配的或表示否定意义的词语,如:He is so homely ,not at all as handsome as his brother.根据not at all...handsome我们不难推测出homely 的意思,即不英俊、不漂亮的意思。
3. 通过构词法猜词在阅读文章时,我们总会遇上一些新词汇,有时很难根据上下文来推断其词意,而它们对文章的理解又有着举足轻重的作用,此时,如掌握了一些常用的词根、前缀、后缀等语法知识,这些问题便不难解决了。
英语阅读中如何猜词意
1) 首先,判断某些生词有没有进行精确猜测的必要。
例如:We had little food with us, only a few biscuits and some chocolate.此句中,假设biscuits是生词,那么我们无法准确地说出它的意思是什么,但是我们能够知道它与chocolate同属于food这一义域,不再追究它的精确含义也不会影响对基本句意的理解。
2) 根据词性或构词法作出判断。
例如:He fished out an old book from the bag.此句中的fish一词可能令人费解。
如果分析一下句子成分,就不难看出它是表示一种动作的动词,加上out的词义,我们大体上能猜出fish out是“掏出”的意思。
再如:Will you honour me with a visit?此句中的honour用作动词,很容易猜出意为“使增光”,所以整个句子应理解为“可否请您光临?”3) 根据句子中的同义、反义、同等、同位关系作出判断。
例1 The boy works very hard, and his sister is also diligent.该句中的also使我们知道diligent应与work hard同义。
例2 Unlike his brother, who is truly a handsome man, John is quite homely. 该句中unlike是关键词,它说明John与他们的兄弟情况相反。
据此可知handsome与homely是反义词,从而推断出homely应为“相貌平平”之意。
例3 Not every car, bus, jeep or other kinds of vehicle can be made in the factory. 分析这一句子我们可以知道,“other kinds of vehicle”与car、bus、jeep同作主语,属并列关系,故vehicle一词应与car、bus、jeep属同一义域“地上交通工具”。
中考英语阅读理解 猜词题 解题技巧
中考英语阅读理解猜词题解题技巧一、了解猜词题的基本要求猜词题是中考英语阅读理解题中常见的一种题型,通常要求考生根据上下文和语墅提示来猜测词语的意思。
考生在解答猜词题时,需要具备一定的词汇量和语境分析能力,同时还需要掌握一些解题技巧,才能更好地完成这类题目。
二、掌握常见的猜词技巧1. 根据上下文猜测词义猜词题通常会提供一段上下文,考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系和语墅提示来猜测词语的意思。
在猜测词义时,可以通过理解段落主题、分析句子结构、推断逻辑关系等方法来获取线索,进而推测词语的含义。
在以下句子中:“He is a very diligent student and always finishes his homework on time.”我们可以通过上下文来猜测diligent的意思,因为上文提到他是一个“非常勤奋的学生”,所以diligent的意思可能是勤奋的、努力的。
2. 利用语境提示进行词义推断除了根据上下文猜测词义外,还可以利用语境提示进行词义推断。
比如一些词语的前后文会提供一些提示性的词语,这些提示性词语往往可以帮助我们推测目标词语的意思。
在以下句子中:“W hen the teacher asked a difficult question, the students looked puzzled.”我们可以通过后面的“looked puzzled”来推测difficult的意思,因为学生们显然是对这个问题感到困惑。
3. 掌握常见词义辨析技巧在解答猜词题时,有些词语的词义可能会让考生感到困惑,这时就需要掌握一些词义辨析技巧。
比如通过对比近义词或反义词的意思,来推测目标词语的含义。
在以下句子中:“The music was so loud that it was almost deafening.”我们可以通过对比loud和deafening的意思,来推测deafening的含义,因为loud表示“大声的”,而deafening应该表示“震耳欲聋的”。
初中英语阅读猜词题解题的6大法宝
中考英语阅读猜词6大法宝在阅读的时候,常常会遇到一些生词,影响我们的阅读速度,其实大部分生词的意思都可以通过上下文的关系猜出来,下面就介绍一些猜词的技巧:1.通过因果关系猜词通过因果关系猜词,首先是找出生词与上下文之间的逻辑关系,然后才能猜词。
有时文章借助关联词(如because,as,since,for,so,thus,as a result,of course,therefore等等)表示前因后果。
例如:You shouldn't have blamed him for that,for it wasn't his fault.通过for引出的句子所表示的原因(那不是他的错),可猜出blame的词义是"责备"。
2.通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词通过同义词猜词,一是要看由and或or连接的同义词词组,如happy and gay,即使我们不认识gay 这个词,也可以知道它是愉快的意思;二是看在进一步解释的过程中使用的同义词,如Man has known something about the planets Venus,Mars,and Jupiter with the help of spaceships.此句中的Venus(金星)、Mars(火星)、Jupiter(木星)均为生词,但只要知道planets就可猜出这几个词都属于"行星"这一义域。
通过反义词猜词,一是看表转折关系的连词或副词,如but,while,however等;二是看与not搭配的或表示否定意义的词语,如:He is so homely,not at all as handsome as his brother.根据not at all...handsome我们不难推测出homely的意思,即不英俊、不漂亮的意思。
3.通过构词法猜词在阅读文章时,我们总会遇上一些新词汇,有时很难根据上下文来推断其词意,而它们对文章的理解又有着举足轻重的作用,此时,如掌握了一些常用的词根、前缀、后缀等语法知识,这些问题便不难解决了。
(完整word版)中考英语阅读猜词
阅读理解之猜词题专项训练一、根据前缀或后缀猜测词义Read the following sentences ,and guess the meaning of theItalicized words:1.An education enriches the mind 。
丰富2.He did not write his composition well and the teacher told him torewrite it.重写3.Mr。
Smith unlocked the safe and took out five thousand dollars.开锁4.He had been overworking and fell sick at last.过于劳累5.We disapprove of middle—school students smoking cigarettes.不赞成6.At midnight ,several hours after the ship had left the port ,she ran intobad weather。
午夜7.That country is underdeveloped and the living standard of the people is rather low。
经济不发达的8.It is impolite to turn your back on someone who is speaking to you.不礼貌的9.Those old people are very active in anti-pollution activities。
反污染10.Don’t let his friendly words mislead you into believing him.错误引导;误导二.根据上下文中的同位关系推测词义ExerciseRead the following sentences ,and guess the meaning of the italicized words .1。
中考英语阅读理解之猜词答题技巧(含相应练习)
中考阅读理解之猜词解题技巧(含相应练习)中英语阅读占的比重很大,在阅读的时候,学生往往会遇到一些生词,影响我们的阅读速度,其实大部分生词的意思都可以通过上下文的关系猜出来,下面就介绍一些猜词的技巧。
总结:1定义法 2 举例法 3 对比法 4 因果法5 重述法6 生活经验7 构词法 8上下文语境一.中考英语对阅读理解的要求:1).能根据上下文和构词法推断、理解生词的含义。
2).能获取文章的具体信息。
3).能理解文章中的具体信息并进行简单的推理和判断。
4).能理解归纳文章的主旨要义,能为文章选定合适的题目。
5).能理解故事情节和事件发展顺序以及段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系。
6).能根据上下文理解作者的态度、观点及意图。
二.常见猜词题的设问方式:1. The underlined word is closest in meaning to the word…?2. We can learn from the underlined part… that…3. The underlined word “it” in paragraph… refers to …4. By saying…, the author means to say that…5. What does the underlined word “......” mean in Chinese?三.猜测词义的方法:1. Definition 定义法:一般通过定义、定语(从句)或同位语(从句)来确定词义。
信号词:be, means, refers to, be called, 定语从句The word “adolescence” means the period between children and adulthood.A 少儿期B 幼儿期C 青春期D 成人期The herdsman ,who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year.A person who is skilled at making or repairing wooden objects is called a carpenter.His uncle is a zoologist, an expert who does research on animals.We are on the night shift --- from midnight to 8 a.m. --- this week.2. 举例法:信号词: such as, like, for exampleOn the farm they mainly raise poultry, such as chickens, ducks and geese, for their eggs and meat. The word “poultry” means _____.A.猎物B.家禽C.饲料D.牲畜You can take any of the periodicals: Crazy English, Reader, Teaching in Schools, or English Learning.Today young couples often spend lots of their money on appliances, for instance, washing machines, refrigerators and color televisions.3. Contrast 对比法:利用文中的反义词以及表对比关系的词(组)猜测词义。
2023年中考英语二轮专题复习--猜词
3. In the strong wind, the beggar shivered with the terrible cold.
4. This chemical liquid is highly volatile. We must keep it in a bottle and cover the lid tightly. 易挥发
常见的设问方式:
1. The underlined word “…”in paragraph 3 probably means______. 2. The word “…” in the passage refers to/ stand for______. 3. What is the meaning of the underlined word in paragraph X? 4. The Chinese meaning of the word “…” in the passage is
mis-
---前 pre- preview
过
vice- vice-resident
un-
---后 post- postgraduate 副
non-
远程 tele- telescope
en- encourage
使…可能
Using Word Formation 构词法
2. derivative method 派生法 disagreement, unbelievable
Using Common Sense
利用生活常识、社会现象猜测词义。
波纹,细浪,涟漪
1. When you throw a stone into still water of a lake, you will watch a ripple spread in rings on the surface of water.
专题4.字词猜测解题技巧中考英语题型过关
字词猜测解题技巧根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义是英语阅读理解题重要出题方向之一,也是考查考生英语语言能力和文化品格的一种重要方式。
词义猜测题可以针对单词、短语的意思进行命题考查,还可以针对某一句子的准确理解或代词的精确指代进行设题。
除了直接考查单词或短语词义猜测外,在阅读理解文章中,总会有一些单词或短语超出了《考试大纲》词汇表的范围,但又没有附加注释,也需要考生猜测,这也是对词义猜测的一种间接考查。
方法1 词义猜测法词义猜测指通过构词、定义、对比、因果、常识、同义、反义及语境等确定词义。
通常包括生词释义、熟词新义。
考查学生联系主旨、结合上下文对词汇的理解辨别能力。
A woman bought a parrot from a pet store. However, the woman decided to return the parrot to the shop the next day."This bird doesn't talk," she told the pet shop owner."Does he have a mirror in his cage (笼子)?" the owner asked. "Parrots love mirrors."The woman bought a mirror and left. The next day she came back, saying that the bird still wasn't talking.The underlined word "parrot" in paragraph 1 means "______" in Chinese.D. 老鹰Step1:分析理解词汇所在句的含义:一位女士从宠物店买了一只......。
初中英语猜词题
初中英语猜词题
初中英语猜词题是阅读理解中的常见题型,主要考查学生在不完全了解生词意义的情况下,运用已学知识和技巧猜测生词的能力。
这类题通常包括选择题、排序题、细节题等,比如,通过利用上下文以及一些标志性的短语、同义词和反义词、构词法等技巧来猜测生词的意思,从而扩大词汇量和提高阅读理解能力。
以下是一些初中英语猜词题的解题技巧:
1. 利用上下文猜测词义:通过理解单词所在的句子或段落,寻找与生词相关的信息,来推测生词的含义。
例如,如果在某个句子中提到了“教室”,那么“classroom”这个词很可能就是表示“教室”的意思。
2. 运用同义词或反义词:在文章中查找与生词同义或反义的词汇,通过对比理解生词的含义。
例如,在文章中提到“热”这个词,而在另一个句子中提到了“冷”,那么“hot”可能就是表示“热”的意思。
3. 根据定义和释义猜测词义:在文章中查找对生词的定义或解释,通过这些解释来理解生词的含义。
例如,在文章中提到“剧院”这个词,可能会有一个句子或段落对“剧院”进行详细的解释和说明。
4. 根据常识和构词法猜测词义:运用常识和构词法来推测生词的含义。
例如,如果在文章中提到“狮子”这个词,而你知道“狮子”是一种动物,那么“lion”这个词很可能就是表示“狮子”的意思。
在解答初中英语猜词题时,需要保持耐心和细心,同时运用已学知识和技巧,根据上下文、同义词或反义词、定义和释义、常识和构词法等方式进行推测,尽可能准确地猜测生词的含义。
中考英语阅读理解之猜词技巧专题讲解
旱灾
3. The snake slithered througto guess the meaning of words?
定义
生活 常识
构词法
上下文
对比 转折 同义词 因果 关系
Let’s try!
1. She asked the hairdresser to trim her hair because it was too long. 修剪 2. Although people in many countries consider raw meat delicious, we Chinese people seldom eat any meat that is uncooked. 未烹饪的 3. …Yet, shopkeepers may have to spend extra hours to deal with problems, such as shoplifters, who always take away things from the shop without paying for them.
冒充顾客在商店行窃的人 4. Mark Twain was not the author’s real name; it was a pseudonym. 笔名, 化名
5. Bananas, oranges, pineapples, coconuts and some other kinds of fruit grow in warm areas.
1. I will not make friends with a dishonest person. dis+honest 2. When the little boy finished, his father was speechless. speech+less 说不出话的 3. If some athletes use drugs, it is unfair to the others. un+fair 首先要熟悉基本的构词法及其规律, 其 次要掌握一定的词根和词缀。如:un-, im-, mis-, -less, -ness等。
中考英语阅读理解之猜词答题技巧(含相应练习)
中考阅读理解之猜词解题技巧(含相应练习)中英语阅读占的比重很大,在阅读的时候,学生往往会遇到一些生词,影响我们的阅读速度,其实大部分生词的意思都可以通过上下文的关系猜出来,下面就介绍一些猜词的技巧。
总结:1定义法 2 举例法 3 对比法 4 因果法5 重述法6 生活经验7 构词法 8上下文语境一.中考英语对阅读理解的要求:1).能根据上下文和构词法推断、理解生词的含义。
2).能获取文章的具体信息。
3).能理解文章中的具体信息并进行简单的推理和判断。
4).能理解归纳文章的主旨要义,能为文章选定合适的题目。
5).能理解故事情节和事件发展顺序以及段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系。
6).能根据上下文理解作者的态度、观点及意图。
二.常见猜词题的设问方式:1. The underlined word is closest in meaning to the word…?2. We can learn from the underlined part… that…3. The underlined word “it” in paragraph… refers to …4. By saying…, the author means to say that…5. What does the underlined word “......” mean in Chinese?三.猜测词义的方法:1. Definition 定义法:一般通过定义、定语(从句)或同位语(从句)来确定词义。
信号词:be, means, refers to, be called, 定语从句The word “adolescence” means the period between children and adulthood.A 少儿期B 幼儿期C 青春期D 成人期The herdsman ,who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year.A person who is skilled at making or repairing wooden objects is called a carpenter.His uncle is a zoologist, an expert who does research on animals.We are on the night shift --- from midnight to 8 a.m. --- this week.2. 举例法:信号词: such as, like, for exampleOn the farm they mainly raise poultry, such as chickens, ducks and geese, for their eggs and meat. The word “poultry” means _____.A.猎物B.家禽C.饲料D.牲畜You can take any of the periodicals: Crazy English, Reader, Teaching in Schools, or English Learning.Today young couples often spend lots of their money on appliances, for instance, washing machines, refrigerators and color televisions.3. Contrast 对比法:利用文中的反义词以及表对比关系的词(组)猜测词义。
阅读技巧之猜词(初)--英语语法
1英语阅读技巧之猜词(初)知识定位初中英语阅读占的比重很大,在阅读的时候,学生往往会遇到一些生词,影响我们的阅读速度,其实大部分生词的意思都可以通过上下文的关系猜出来,下面就介绍一些猜词的技巧。
知识梳理猜测词义的方法1 定义法2 举例法3 对比法4 因果法5 重述法6 生活经验7 构词法8 上下文语境1. Definition 定义法:一般通过定义、定语(从句)或同位语(从句)来确定词义。
信号词:be, means, refers to, be called, 定语从句The word “adolescence” means the period between children and adulthood.A 少儿期B 幼儿期C 青春期D 成人期The herdsman ,who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year.A person who is skilled at making or repairing wooden objects is called a carpenter. His uncle is a zoologist, an expert who does research on animals.We are on the night shift --- from midnight to 8 a.m. --- this week.2 举例法信号词:such as, like, for exampleOn the farm they mainly raise poultry, such as chickens, ducks and geese, for their eggs andmeat.The word “poultry” means _____.A.猎物B.家禽C.饲料D.牲畜You can take any of the periodicals: Crazy English, Reader, Teaching in Schools, or EnglishLearning.Today young couples often spend lots of their money on appliances, for instance, washingmachines, refrigerators and color televisions.3 Contrast 对比法:利用文中的反义词以及表对比关系的词(组)猜测词义。
初中英语英语阅读中的猜词技巧与方法
初中英语英语阅读中的猜词技巧与方法初中英语阅读中的猜词技巧与方法在初中英语学习中,阅读是非常重要的一部分。
然而,我们在阅读英语文章时,常常会遇到一些不认识的单词。
这时候,掌握一些猜词的技巧和方法就显得尤为重要。
它不仅能帮助我们更好地理解文章的意思,还能提高我们的阅读能力和词汇量。
一、通过上下文线索猜词上下文是我们猜词的重要依据。
当遇到一个生词时,我们可以先看看它所在的句子,以及前后的句子,从中寻找线索。
1、定义或解释有时候,文章中会直接对生词进行定义或解释。
例如:“Aphasia, a disorder that affects a person's ability to speak and understand language, often occurs after a stroke” 在这个句子中,通过“a disorder that affects a person's ability to speak and understand language” 我们就能够理解“aphasia”的意思是一种影响语言能力的疾病。
2、举例说明作者可能会通过举例来解释生词的含义。
比如:“Fr uits like apples, bananas, and oranges are rich in vitamins” 从“apples, bananas, and oranges”这些例子,我们可以猜到“fruits”是水果的意思。
3、同义词或近义词如果在生词附近出现了其同义词或近义词,那么这也是很好的线索。
比如:“The weather was hot and sweltering ” 我们不认识“sweltering”,但知道“hot”是热的意思,由此可以推测“sweltering”也有热的含义,可能程度更深。
4、反义词通过反义词也能帮助我们猜出生词的意思。
例如:“Unlike her sister who is quiet and introverted, she is outgoing and sociable” 从“quiet and introverted”与“outgoing and sociable”的对比,可以推断出“introverted”是内向的意思。
2024年中考英语阅读理解之猜词题课件
to?
A. Solar panels.
B. Second-hand books.
C. Shows.
D. Donations.
Some schools used to agree with most parents who
measured (判定) the success of their children according to
mean in Chinese?
A. 思想性
B. 普遍性
C. 预见性
D. 多样性
Children do not have much experience or knowledge.
However, they are natural dreamers. We should not laugh at
them for being naive.
CBS News noted, a girl was bullied (欺负) by boys at school
after they found her mom’s blog.
The underlined words “pick on” may mean
in Chinese.
A. 捉弄
B. 捡起
C. 发现
D. 羡慕
我行了!
笔记走起!
then she ignored all my calls and short messages.
The underlined word “ignored” means “
” in Chinese?
A. 置之不理 B. 严阵以待 C. 和颜悦色 D. 积极回应
It allows readers to scan (扫描) the code to learn how to
中考英语阅读理解猜词题
中考英语阅读理解猜词题Guessing words is a common task in reading comprehension tests. It requires the reader to infer the meaning of unfamiliar words based on the context. In this article, we will explore some strategies to help you improve your guessing skills and ace the word-guessing questions in the middle school English entrance exam.Firstly, it is important to pay attention to the context. Look for clues in the surrounding sentences or paragraphs that can help you understand the meaning of the unknown word. These clues can be synonyms, antonyms, examples, or explanations. By analyzing the context, you can make an educated guess about the word's meaning.Secondly, break down the word into its root, prefix, and suffix. Many English words are formed by combining different parts. Understanding the meaning of these individual parts can give you a clue about the overall meaning of the word. For example, the prefix "un-" often indicates negation or reversal, while the suffix "-able" suggests the ability or possibility of something. By analyzing the word's structure, you can make an educated guess about its meaning.Thirdly, use your prior knowledge and background information. Sometimes, you may encounter words that are related to a specific topic or subject. If you have some knowledge or familiarity with the topic, you can use that knowledge to guess the meaning of the word. For example, if you are reading a passage about sports and come across the word "dribble," you can infer that it is related to basketball based on your prior knowledge of the sport.Furthermore, pay attention to the tone and mood of the passage. The author's choice of words and the overall atmosphere of the text can provide valuable clues about the meaning of unfamiliar words. For example, if the passage has a negative tone and describes a situation as "dismal," you can infer that the word means something negative or gloomy.Additionally, make use of context clues such as synonyms, antonyms, or examples. These clues can help you understand the meaning of the unknown word by providing similar or opposite words, or by giving specific instances that illustrate the word's meaning. By carefully analyzing these context clues, you can make an educated guess about the word's meaning.Lastly, practice, practice, practice! The more you practice guessing words in different contexts, the better you will become at it. Take advantage of practice tests and reading materials to hone your skills. Challenge yourself with a variety of texts and unfamiliar words to expand your vocabulary and improve your guessing abilities.In conclusion, guessing words is an essential skill for reading comprehension. By paying attention to the context, breaking down words, using prior knowledge, considering tone and mood, and analyzing context clues, you can improve your ability to guess the meaning of unfamiliar words. Remember to practice regularly to enhance your skills. With these strategies in your arsenal, you will be well-prepared to tackle word-guessing questions in the middle school English entrance exam.。
初中英语阅读的猜词技巧文章
初中英语阅读的猜词技巧文章依据上下文语境进行推测一个单词或词组确实切含义是和它所处的上下文语境分不开的,所以我们可借助上下文语境对必须要推测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。
依据同义、反义关系进行推测在文章中,当词或短语之间有并列连词and或or时,其前后的两项内容在含义上是接近的或递进的,由此我们可以确定同等关系中的某个生词所属的义域。
如happyandgay即使你不知道gay的意思,也能猜出其意为"快乐的'。
依据同位关系或文中定义解释推测文章中的难词后面往往有一个同位语、that is,this is、破折号或定语从句等对其进行解释。
这时可利用这种关系或解释对前面或后面的词义进行推测。
依据上下文的指代关系进行推测代词one,it,that,he,him或them等在英语文章中使用频繁,可以指上文提到的人或事物。
有时代词与指代的对象相隔较远,要认真查找;有时必须要对前面提到的内容进行总结,才干得出代词所指代的事。
依据转折、因果关系进行推测依据上下句的连接词,如but,however,otherwise,while,rather than,far from等就可以看到前后句在意义上的差别,从而依据某一句的含义,来确定另一句的含义。
2如何培养同学在英语阅读中的猜词能力一、阅读能力和猜词能力阅读理解能力是语言综合能力的一种,以阅读速度和阅读准确性两个方面为主要表现。
阅读速度细化为对词义的掌握、分辨词汇的能力、识别词语时的目光幅度及其他因素。
阅读的准确性是检验阅读能力的指标,是推断阅读能力凹凸的标准。
无论是阅读速度还是阅读准确性都受到词汇量的制衡。
但是在同等词汇量的状况下,猜词能力强的同学可以较为顺利的完成阅读任务。
反之不会猜词,碰到生词就习惯看单词表查字典的同学不能完成阅读理解。
由此可见,猜词能力的凹凸直接影响了阅读速度和阅读准确性,想要收获很好的阅读效果,猜词能力必不可少。
因此,猜词能力的培养是英语阅读训练中的一个目标。
中考英语一轮复习阅读中的猜词技巧试题
—阅读中的猜词技巧制卷人:歐陽文化、歐陽理複;制卷時間:二O二二年二月七日阅读理解中不可防止地会遇到一些生词(有些是熟词生义),疑难语句。
遇到这些问题,我们可用下面几种方法解决:技巧1:根据同义词或者反义词来判断如:Tom is lazy but his brother is industrious.该句中but表示转折,就暗示了lazy和industrious是一对反义词,由此可知industrious意为“刻苦的、勤奋的〞。
技巧2:根据定义和释义来推测如:She is studying glaucoma,a kind of disease on the eyes.我们可能猜不出glaucoma确实切词义,但通过后面的解释可知道glaucoma(青光眼)是一种眼睛疾病。
技巧3:根据常识来推测如:Water usually boils at 100 centigrade.众所周知,水的沸点是100摄氏度,由此不难判断出centigrade的意思是“摄氏度〞。
技巧4:运用构词法进展猜想如:The colors of Hawaii in summer are unforgettable.forget意为“忘记〞,un为否认前缀,因此unforgettable就是“令人难忘〞之意。
Life on Mars will be better than that on Earth in many ways. People will have more space. Living in a large building with only 10 bedrooms is highly possible. Many people believe that robot will do most of our work, so we have more time for our hobbies....【问题】 Life on Mars will be better than life on the earth because .A. only a few people will live thereB. there will be more space and less work to doC. there will be much delicious foodD. all students don't need to do any homework【解析】由句子“People will have more space〞和“robot will do most of our work〞判断:火星上的生活比地球上的生活要美妙,因为人们的工作量少,居住空间大,故此题答案为B。
英语阅读的猜词技巧
英语阅读的猜词技巧英语阅读的猜词技巧在做英语阅读的时候,难免会遇到生词,下面店铺为大家带来了关于英语阅读的猜词技巧,欢迎大家阅读,希望能够帮助到大家。
1)根据定义猜测词义作者一般在生词之前后之后紧挨着生词给出定义内容。
有时有标点符合,连字符或逗号提示。
此外,如果定义内容为句子,谓语动词多为:be, be considered, to be, be called, be kown as, constitute, deal with, define, mean, refer to, represent, signify等。
这类线索一般很明显,学习者能比较容易地发现。
例如:Anthropology is the scientific study of people, society and culture.由定义可知,anthropology就是“研究人类的科学”。
2)根据复述猜测词义复述也是对某一单词所做的针对性解释,虽然不像定义那样严谨、详细,但是提供的信息也能使我们猜出生词的词义。
复述部分可能是单词、短语或者从句,一般作为生词的同位语,与生词间多用逗号连接,有时也使用破折号,冒号,分号,引号和括号等。
同位语前常有or, similarly, that is to say, in other words, namely, or other, say, i.e.等副词或短语出现。
例如:Semantics, the study of the meaning of words, is necessary if you are to speak and read intelligently.此例逗号中短语意为“对词意义进行研究的学科”。
该短语与前面生词semantics是同位关系,因此我们不难猜出semantics指“语义学”。
定语从句Krabacber suffers from SAD, which is short for seasonal affective disorder, a syndrome characterized by severeseasonal mood swings.根据生词SAD后面定语从句which is short for seasonal affective disorder和同位语a syndrome characterized by severe seasonal mood swings, 我们可以推断出SAD含义,即“季节性情绪紊乱症”。
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阅读理解之猜词题专项训练
一、根据前缀或后缀猜测词义
Read the following sentences ,and guess the meaning of the
Italicized words:
1.An education enriches the mind .丰富
2.He did not write his composition well and the teacher told him to
rewrite it.重写
3.Mr.Smith unlocked the safe and took out five thousand dollars.开锁
4.He had been overworking and fell sick at last.过于劳累
5.We disapprove of middle-school students smoking cigarettes.不赞成
6.At midnight ,several hours after the ship had left the port ,she ran into
bad weather.午夜
7.That country is underdeveloped and the living standard of the people is rather low.经济不发
达的
8.It is impolite to turn your back on someone who is speaking to you.不礼貌的
9.Those old people are very active in anti-pollution activities.反污染
10.Don’t let his friendly words mislead you into believing him.错误引导;误导
二.根据上下文中的同位关系推测词义
Exercise
Read the following sentences ,and guess the meaning of the italicized words .
1.Such experiences are not unusual for the amateur conchologists, people who collect shells.
A.考古学家
B.批发商
C.贝类学者
D.集邮爱好者
2.Advertisers often sponsor TV programs, that is, they pay the costs of producing the programs.
A.购买
B.制作
C.赞助
D.出售
3.Everyone showed apathy -----a lack of interest ----toward the problem.
A.着迷
B.极感兴趣
C.缺乏兴趣
D.兴奋
4.There are basically two kinds of anesthetics: drugs that simply numb(使麻木) an area of the body and drugs that make you completely unconscious(失去知觉).
A.麻醉剂
B.兴奋剂
C.止咳剂
D.抗生素
5.When the people of La Gomera need to speak over a distance ,and ordinary speech is impossible ,they use the sible , the name of a whistled form of speech.
A.测量仪
B.登山工具
C.口哨语言
D.玩具
三.根据上下文的同义关系推测词义
利用上下文中的同义词或短语推测词义
Exercise
Read the following sentences ,and guess the meaning of the
Italicized words:
1.Your gross or total weight must be within certain limits .
A.少量的
B.四分之一的
C.部分的
D.全部的
2. Carbon monoxide is a noxious gas. It can be extremely harmful to living things.
A.有益的
B.清新的
C.有异味的
D.有害的
3. It was futile trying to explain it to him. It was useless to keep talking to him about it.
A.清楚的 B.有益的 C.珍贵的 D.无用的
4. There was little continuity in the program .There should have been a progression and flow of activities.
.A.反复 B.中断 C.连续性 D.反对
5. It was a bad situation .He was a real hindrance on the trip. He caused one difficulty after another.
.A.合作者 B. 妨碍者 C.促进者 D.反对者
四.根据上下文的反义关系推测词义
Exercise
Read the following sentences ,and guess the meaning of the
Italicized words:
1.To others the manager was caustic , yet he always sounded very pleasant to her .
A.胆怯的
B.可爱的
C.刻薄的
D.温顺的
2.Because it may be either socially beneficial or socially harmful to millions of people,it is necessary to examine that program carefully.
A.勇敢的
B.整洁的
C.有害的
D.有益的
3.Mark Twain was not the author’s real name ;it was a pseudonym.
A.选集
B.真名
C.编辑
D.笔名
4.In the northern regions the winters are generally cold and humid ,and the summers hot and dry.
A.寒冷的
B.潮湿的
C.炎热的
D.干燥的
5.The big farms are getting bigger while the small ones are slowly dwindling.
A.扩大
B.升值
C.缩小
D.贬值。