初中英语语法术语

英语语法术语语法grammar句法syntax词法morphology结构structure层次rank句子sentence从句clause词组phrase词类part of speech单词word实词notional word虚词structural wordxxsimple word派生词derivative词性part of speech名词noun专有名词proper noun可数名词countable noun不可数名词uncountable noun抽象名词abstract noun 具体名词concret noun物质名词material noun集体名词collective noun个体名词individual noun介词preposition连词conjunction动词verb主动词main verb及物动词transitive verb不及物动词intransitive verb系动词link verb助动词auxiliary verb情态动词modal verb规则动词regular verb不规则动词irregular verb短语动词phrasal verb限定动词finite verb非限定动词infinite verb使役动词causative verb感官动词verb of senses动态动词event verb静态动词state verb感叹词exclamation形容词adjective副词adverb方式副词adverb of manner程度副词adverb of degree时间副词adverb of time地点副词adverb of place修饰性副词adjunct连接性副词conjunct疑问副词interrogative adverb关系副词relative adverb代词pronoun人称代词personal pronoun物主代词possessive pronoun反身代词reflexive pronoun相互代词reciprocal pronoun指示代词demonstrative pronoun疑问代词interrogative pronoun关系代词relative pronoun不定代词indefinite pronoun物主代词possessive pronoun名词性物主代词nominalpossessive pronoun形容词性物主代词adjectivalpossessive pronoun 冠词article定冠词definite article不定冠词indefinite article数词numeral基数词cardinal numeral序数词ordinal numeral 分数词fractional numeral形式form单数形式singular form复数形式plural form限定动词finite verb form非限定动词non-finite verb form原形base form从句clause从属句subordinate clause并列句coordinate clause名词从句nominal clause 定语从句attributive clause状语从句adverbial clause宾语从句object clause主语从句subject clause同位语从句appositive clause时间状语从句adverbial clause oftime地点状语从句adverbial clause ofplace方式状语从句adverbial clause ofmanner让步状语从句adverbial clause ofconcession原因状语从句adverbial clause ofcause结果状语从句adverbial clause ofresult目的状语从句adverbial clause ofpurpose条件状语从句adverbial clause ofcondition真实条件状语从句adverbialclause of real condition非真实条件状语从句adverbialclause of unreal condition含蓄条件句adverbial clause ofimplied condition错综条件句adverbial clause of mixed condition句子sentence简单句simple sentence陈述句declarative sentence疑问句interrogative sentence一般疑问句general question特殊疑问句special question选择疑问句alternative question附加疑问句tag question反义疑问句disjunctive question修辞疑问句rhetoricalquestion感叹疑问句exclamatory question存在句existential sentence肯定句positive sentence基本句型basic sentence pattern否定句negative sentence 祈使句imperative sentence省略句elliptical sentence感叹句exclamatory sentence句子成分members of sentences主语subject谓语predicate宾语object双宾语dual object直接宾语direct object间接宾语indirect object同源宾语cognate object表语predicative定语attribute同位语appositive状语adverbial句法关系syntactic relationship并列coordinate从属subordination修饰modification前置修饰pre-modification后置修饰post-modification限制restriction双重限制double-restriction非限制non-restriction 数number单数形式singular form复数形式plural form规则形式regular form不规则形式irregular form格case所有格possessive case主格nominative case宾格objective case性gender阳性masculine阴性femine中性neuter人称person第一人称first person第二人称second person第三人称third person时态tense过去将来时past future tense过去将来进行时past future continuous tense过去将来完成时past future perfect tense一般现在时present simple tense 一般过去时past simple tense一般将来时future simple tense 现在完成时past perfect tense过去完成时present perfect tense 将来完成时future perfect tense 现在进行时present continuous tense过去进行时past continuous tense将来进行时future continuoustense过去将来进行时past futurecontinuous tense现在完成进行时present perfectcontinuous tense过去完成进行时past perfectcontinuous tense语态voice主动语态active voice被动语态passive voice语气mood陈述语气indicative mood祈使语气imperative mood虚拟语气subjunctivemood否定negation否定范围scope of negation全部否定full negation局部否定partial negation转移否定shift of negation语序order自然语序natural order倒装语序inversion全部倒装full inversion部分倒装partial inversion直接引语direct speech间接引语indirect speech自由直接引语free direct speech自由间接引语freeindirect speech一致agreement主谓一致subject-predicate agreement贬义derogatory概念一致notional agreement 就近原则principle of proximity 强调emphasis重复repetion语音pronunciation语调tone升调rising tone降调falling tone降升调falling-rising tone文体style正式文体formal非正式文体informal口语spoken/oral English套语formulistic expressionxx英语British English美国英语American English用法usage幽默humorous讽刺sarcastic挖苦ironic。