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英美概况试题及答案考研

英美概况试题及答案考研
1. 英国的首都是哪个城市？
答案：伦敦。

2. 美国的独立日是每年的哪一天？
答案：7月4日。

3. 英国的官方语言是什么？
答案：英语。

4. 美国的首都是哪里？
答案：华盛顿特区。

5. 英国的货币单位是什么？
答案：英镑。

6. 美国的货币单位是什么？
答案：美元。

7. 英国的现任君主是谁？
答案：伊丽莎白二世女王。

8. 美国的现任总统是谁？
答案：[此处填写当前日期的美国现任总统姓名]。

9. 英国最大的城市是哪一个？
答案：伦敦。

10. 美国最大的城市是哪一个？
答案：纽约市。

11. 英国的面积大约是多少？
答案：约243,610平方公里。

12. 美国的面积大约是多少？
答案：约9,525,067平方公里。

13. 英国的人口大约是多少？
答案：约6,600万。

14. 美国的人口大约是多少？
答案：约3.3亿。

15. 英国的国花是什么？
答案：玫瑰。

16. 美国的国花是什么？
答案：玫瑰。

17. 英国的国鸟是什么？
答案：红胸鸲。

18. 美国的国鸟是什么？
答案：白头海雕。

19. 英国的国歌是什么？
答案：《天佑女王》。

20. 美国的国歌是什么？
答案：《星条旗》。

《英美概况》练习参考答案（美国部分）

《英美概况》练习参考答案（美国部分）《最新英美概况》练习参考答案(美国部分)————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期：《最新英美概况》练习参考答案（本答案不包括练习中的开放性习题、思考题和讨论题）====================================== ============== PART TWO The United StatesChapter Eight The LandP. 209—210I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. the Star-Spangled Banner, Defense of Fort McHenry, 1812.2. the Stars and the Stripes, Old Glory, the Star-Spangled Banner.3. The White House, The Capitol, The Pentagon.4. June, 14th, June 14th.5. the Potomac, no state, the Federal government.6. 36, 36 states.7. Amerigo Vespucci, American War of Independence.8. Pierre L’Enfant, light, service.II Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.1. C2. D3. C4. A B C D5. C DIII Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:1. F2. F3. T4. F5. TIV Answer the following questions.1. (1) At first the Continent was name d as “America” after explorer Amerigo Vespucci.(2) During the American War of Independence, the former British colonies firstused “the thirteen united States of America” in the Declaration of Independence.(3) The official name of America was adopted on November 15, 1777, when theSecond Continental Congress passed the Articles of Confederation.2. The 50 stars represent the 50 States, while the 13 stripes represent the original thirteencolonies.White indicates purity and innocence; red indicates valour and bravery, and blue symbolizes vigilance, perseverance and justice; it is also a symbol of respect to God.3. The stars and strips have different meanings.Each star represents each state in America, while strips represent the original thirteencolonies before the independence of America.4. (1) The lyrics of the national anthem come from “Defense of Fort McHenry”, a poemwritten during the War of 1812.The poem was set to the tune of a popular British drinking song, “The AnacreonticSong” (or “To Anacreon in Heaven”).(2) The Star-Spangled Banner was used officially by the Navy in 1889, and was madethe national anthem by congress on March 3, 1931, which was signed by PresidentHerbert Hoover.5. The White House was built in1792 and its original color was grey.During the War of 1812, it was badly damaged by the British troops, and in 1814 it wasrepainted white.President Roosevelt named it “White House” in the 1940s.P. 213I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. the central part of, Mexico and Gulf of Mexico, east, west.2. 48, Hawaii, Alaska.3. the Rio Grande, Pacific.4. 9,629,091, the third, Canada.5. Alaska, Texas.6. Arctic, glaciers.II Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:1. T2. T3. T4. F5. FIII Answer the following questions.1. (1) The Atlantic coast, the Pacific coast and Hawaii provideconvenient sea routes forforeign trade.(2) The long coastline with many harbors and inlets provides favorable conditions forforeign trade and the fishing industry.(3) Mainland America, mainly within the northern temperate zone, is favorable foragriculture.2. The U.S. and Canada share the “world's longest undefended border.” The border wasdemilitarized after the War of 1812 and has remained peaceful. Military collaboration began during World War II and continued throughout the Cold War on both a bilateral basis and a multilateral relationship through NATO. Both countries are NATO members and have high military interdependency, in particular, during the Cold War against Soviet threat.Today Canadians and Americans are in close cultural proximity, sharing the samelanguage, similar religion and political systems as well as many values.Their economic relations are so close (they have been each other’s No. 1 trading pa rtnerfor years) that the two countries have established the North American Free TradeAgreement, the world’s largest free-trade zone. Both enjoy the most developed andrichest economies in the world as well as a comparable standard of living (Canada’swelfare system is even more comprehensive and covers more widely).To guard the over 8000-kilometer long land border is not only expensive but alsounnecessary (in a sense, impossible, because it is too long), because neither peopleworry that their neighbors would cross the border on a large scale or stay in theircountry for a long time.3. The border between the U.S. and Mexico is heavily guarded (mostly on the American side)against illegal immigrants entering the U.S. while people can enter Mexico freely. The cause is mostly economic rather than political. There is a huge disparity in the standard of living between the U.S. and Mexico whose per capita GDP is only about 20% that of the U.S. (2012 World Bank statistics). It is estimated six out of the eleven million illegal immigrants living in the U.S. are Mexicans, and millions more plan to enter the U.S. They try to benefit from the American business or job opportunities or from the American welfare system or even to engage in drug-trafficking and smuggling. Another purpose is to combat crime and terrorism, particularly after the 9.11 terrorist attacks. The U.S.-Mexican border areas witness the most serious drug-trafficking and gang violence in the world.Some Mexicans, in particular those haunted by the serious drug-related violence in recent years, try to escape from the violence in Mexico by moving to the U.S. In a word, if the US-Mexico border is open and unguarded as the U.S.-Canada border, there would be millions of Mexicans trying to migrate to America so that the consequent problems would be very difficult for the U.S. deal with.4. Alaska, facing Russia across Bering Strait, is locatedbetween the Arctic and Pacific oceans,so it’s important for strategic position and transportation.5. Hawaii, like a chain of beads, is located in the central Pacific Ocean, the best place toenjoy the oceanic scenery.It is famous for natural scenery: white beach, blue sky, and palm trees, etc.The famous Pacific Fleet is located at Pearl Harbor, Oahu Island.P. 221—222I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. Lake Superior, Erie, Ontario.2. Columbia Plateau, the Great Canyon.3. the Rockies, the father of waters.4. dairy farming, Harvard, Yale, MIT.5. Death Valley, Great Salt Lake.6. 38, Yellowstone National Park, Old Faithful.7. 4,800, British Columbia, the backbone of the continent, Mt. Elbert.8. Hoover Dam, The Rio Grande, Ruhr.9. half, “Barn of America”, Great Lakes.10. dividing line, Lake Erie, New York.II Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.1. A B C2. D3. A D4. A B5. DIII Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:1. F2. T3. F4. T5. TIV Answer the following questions.1. New England is a region in the northeastern corner of the United States consisting of thesix states of Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut, where the earliest English settlements in North America was made.In the late 18th century, the New England Colonies initiated the resistance to the British Parliament's efforts to impose new taxes without the consent of the colonists. The confrontation led to the Declaration of Independence in July 1776, which resulted in the War of American Independence that brought about the birth of the United States of America.2. The Appalachians holds one sixth of the continental territory. The mountains are relativelylow, and the average altitude is only 800 meters high.These old mountains with rounded tops and wooded hills, and have much beautiful scenery and many tourist resorts.3. It is the most important and longest river in the US. It flows about 6,400 km. from theRockies to the Gulf of Mexico, and the fourth longest river in the world.With hundreds of tributaries, the river is known as “the father of wa ters”.The chief tributaries are the Missouri River, the Ohio River, and the Arkansas, etc.4. They are the largest lake group in the world and contain about half of the world’s fresh water.All the five lakes are inter-connected, reaching the Atlantic by way of the St. Lawrence River.They are the important economic lifeline of the Midwest.The world-famous Niagara Falls also attracts numerous visitors.5. The Great Plain stretches from the west of the Mississippi to the Rockies, and covers adistance of about 6,400 kilometers. The land is flat and open, and is originally covered with rich prairie grass, but no trees. Today the area is still a cattle country. Much of the nation’s wheat is grown here, therefore the area is known as the “breadbasket” of Americ a.The Grand Canyon is located in Colorado Plateau, and is cut by Colorado River. It is one of the great natural wonders of the world, and is set up as national park. It measures about 277 miles long, up to 18 miles wide between the tops of its steep walls, and more than a mile deep.P. 224--225I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. little, 63%.2. the Central Plains, the Rockies, electricity.3. Bingham.4. 1/3, Washington, Oregon.5. Gulf of Mexico, Okalahoma.6. gold, gold, Gold Rush.II. Respond to the following items.1. America is rich in water resources. As a whole the country has little trouble with watershortage. Except for the desert regions around the southern Rockies, there are large supplies of fresh water and numerousfertile valleys.2. About 1/3 of America is covered with forests. The greatest virgin forests are in the states ofWashington and Oregon. America has about 500 million acres of commercial forests and about 75% of commercial timber is produced in the eastern part of the country.3. In 1848, gold was discovered in California. The news soon spread out, and thousands ofimmigrants from around the world invaded the Gold Country of California. The peak of the rush was in 1849, thus the many immigrants became known as the '49ers.4. Coal deposits are widely distributed in America, and most coal reserves are to be found inthe Appalachians, the Central Plain, and the Rockies.Most of iron ore is mainly found in the Appalachians and the areas near Lake Superior, and the most important mining area is in Minnesota.P. 226--227I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. northern temperate (P225 书中该词拼写错误), landforms and surrounding waters.2. temperate, tropical.3. temperate, north, hurricanes.4. maritime, distinct, similar.5. Mediterranean, arid, semiarid.6. temperate, temperature.II Answer the following questions.1. The United States is mainly situated in the northern temperature zone. But, owing to itslarge size, varied landforms and surrounding waters, theclimate is tropical in Hawaii and Florida, arctic in Alaska, semiarid in the Great Plains, and arid in the Great Basin.2. New England belongs to maritime climate. It has distinct seasons with a long cold winter,and short and warm summer. Spring and Fall are warm, and the region receives plenty of rainfall.The Middle Atlantic States have a similar climate to that of New England, but the average temperature is a little higher.3. The Great Plains have a variety of weather throughout the year, which is very cold in winterand very hot in summer, with often strong winds.4. The climate around the Great Lakes is temperate. Winters are sometimes extremely cold;summers are very hot; the region receives sufficient rainfall. The wind blows freely, and often causes sudden and extreme changes in temperature and creates many tornadoes.P. 232I Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:1. F2. F3. F4. T5. T6. TP. 237I Write down the names of the places according to the photos.1. Golden Gate Bridge, San Francisco2. Niagara Falls3. Las Vegas4. Red Rock Country5. The Grand Canyon6. DisneylandP. 240I Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:1. F2. F3. T4. F5. FChapter Nine The People and Their CultureP. 243I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. third, China, 313.7 million. (书中in 2010错误, 应改为in 2012.)2. 1%, high, below.3. urban, 250.4. northeastern part, 1/4, half.5. New York city, 27 million, Chicago, 9 million.6. California, Texas.II Answer the following questions.1. American population is characterized by variety in composition. The White is the mainstream, and takes up about 72.4% of the total population. Hispanics 16.3%, Blacks 12.6%, Asians 4.8 %, American Indians and Alaska Natives 0.9%, and Native Hawaii and other Pacific Islanders 0.2%.2. The most densely populated region is the northeastern area, including parts of New England, the Mid Atlantic and Mid West. The size of the region takes up about 1/4 of the total, butalmost 1/2 of the total population lives there.3. Comparing with the large size, the population density of the Great Pains is low. The northern part is rather empty. In the combined area of North and South Dakotas, Nebraska and Kansas,an area as great as France and Italy put together, there are only 6.2 million inhabitants in 2010.4. The northeastern part is the most densely populated region in America, because this place is the birthplace of America, also the highly developed area.Since the unfavorable living conditions in the west part of the Great Plains and Rockies, the population is thin.The south and west used to thinly populated, but with the rapid development in recent years, the population increases fast, and the population along the Pacific Coast grows dense.P. 247--248I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. 55 million, Mexico.2. variety, 100, 31.3. African Americans, slaves.4. Civil Rights, equal civil rights.5. Texas, New Mexico.6. American Indians, Indian Reservations.II Answer the following questions.1. Melting pot is metaphorically used to refer to the US because it is a country of many ethnicgroups from different parts of the world, who came to the New World for freedom in politics or religion. They have been dissipating their different ethnic cultures towards some “standard” by living and working together in the “melting pot”of the US and gradual ly forming a new nation.2. Indian Reservation is the living place of Indians. Indians were driven westward to live inthese barren desert places when Europeans settled in American continent. In these isolated places, they were allowed to keep a part of their own culture and customs.But the Reservations lacked basic public facilities and life-sustaining opportunities. The situation is somewhat better today, but there continues to be problems3. The Hispanics are Spanish-speaking people from Latin America. Over half of HispanicAmericans are of Mexican descents. The second largest group is of Puerto Rican origin.Other origins include Cuban Americans, Colombian Americans, Dominican Americans, etc.P. 250--251I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. 337, 176.2. Spanish, French.3. English, American.4. Spanish, Spanish.5. Cantonese, third, Chinese American.6. their native, English.II Answer the following questions.1. About 337 languages are spoken by Americans, of which 176 are indigenous, and 52languages formerly spoken in the country are now extinct.2. American English was inherited from British colonization, but there are some changes inspelling, grammar, vocabulary and pronunciation, etc.3. Spanish is the second m ost common language in America. The United States holds the world’sfifth largest Spanish-speaking population. Spanish is also an official language of Puerto Rico.Spanish is also the most widely taught second language in America.4. The largest French-speaking communities are in Northeast Maine; Hollywood and Miami,Florida; New York City; and certain areas of rural Louisiana.P. 253--254I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. high adherence, diversity.2. Christians, Protestants, Roman Catholics.3. 30, Baptists, Methodists.4. Judaism, Chinese Americans.5. African Americans, African slaves.6. India, Asian countries.II Answer the following questions.1. The principle of the separation of church and state comes from American Constitution. TheFirst Amendment of the US Constitution guarantees the free exercise of religion and fords the establishment of any religious government.2. Religion plays an important role in many aspects of American life (politics, education, charityand culture) as well as in its international relations. American foreign aid (governmental and private) is very closely related to religion, and based on Christian values that all men and women are the children of God, therefore brothers and sisters; the US State Department issues an annual report on human rights andcriticizes the human rights records in many countries (of which religious freedom is stressed), which is regarded as interfering the internal affairs of other countries; American churches sent many missions abroad, establishing churches, schools and hospitals around the world, such as what the missionaries did in China in 19th and early 20th centuries (e.g., John Leighton Stuart <司徒雷登>and the Yanching University <燕京大学>) . They worked with the American government for the diffusion of their religion and values.Value-oriented diplomacy is one of the characteristics of American international relations.A very important mission of American diplomacy is to diffuse its values around the world,and many such values derive from religion, such as equality, liberty and fraternity; religion even plays a role in the American decisions of war and peace, such as the American war on terror in Iraq and Afghanistan.。

英语国家概况美国部分

英语国家概况美国部分英语国家概况—美国部分测试题姓名____________ 班级_______________ 分数______________1. America was named after（）.A. Italian navigator ColumbusB. navigator Amerigo VespucciC. some Indian chieftainD. George Washington, founding father of the United States2. Between 1860 and 1990, the United States witnessed（）large-scale population movements.A. 2B. 3C. 4D. 53.At the beginning of the Berlin Blockade, President Truman turned down the option of（）.A. sending supplies through the highways, protected by tanks and troopsB. sending supplies through the waterwaysC. starting large-scale airliftingD. staring limited airlifting to test the Soviets4.In 1900, the United States ranked first in the production of （）.A. coalB. electricityC. oilD. wheat5.The Constitutional Convention in America was attended by （）.A. all of the 13 statesB. all of the states except MarylandC. all of the states except Rhode IslandD. all of the states, but later Rhode Island withdrew from the convention6.In the United States, Henry Ford became famous（）.A. because of his wealthB. because he set up the Standard Oil CorporationC. because he was the first to invent carsD. because of his Model T automobile7.The attitude of many Americans toward different political views after WWⅡcan be described as（）.A. following the main trend of viewB. intolerantC. indifferentD. tolerant8.In the U.S., the Red Scare refers to（）.A. a senseless hysteria about the danger of communismB. a fear of Soviet subversionC. a senseless hate of anything foreignD. an intolerance of any idea different from the mainstream idea9.In the United States, the“winner-take-all”system applies to（）.A. all the statesB. a majority of the statesC. all states except MaineD. only Maine10.In “Old Man and Sea”, Hemingway praises the old man’s attitude towards（）.A. defeat and failureB. the seaC. his workD. nature11. Which of the following is NOT among the five biggest cities in the United States?( )A. Chicago.B. New York.C. Miami.D. Los Angeles.12.____, which banned slavery, was added to the American Constitution in December, 1865.( )A. The Bill of RightsB. The Thirteenth AmendmentC. The Civil Rights ActD. The Voting Rights Act13.___ have made it possible for all sections of the American population to have higher education.A. The research universitiesB. The doctoral universitiesC. The community collegesD. The liberal arts colleges14. Colored eggs and bunny are traditional symbols of___.( )A. EasterB. ChristmasC. ValentineD. New Year's Day15. ____is one of the most popular places in the United States to celebrate the New Year's Day.A. The Disney I.and in FloridaB. The White House Lawn in Washington D.C.C. Hollywood in CaliforniaD. Times Square in New York City16. The best-known speech made by civil fights leader Martin Luther King is_____.A. "Guess who?"B. "I have a dream"C. "United we stand, divided we fall"D. "First in war, first in peace, first in the hearts of his countrymen"17. The real American literature began_____.A. before the Civil WarB. after the Civil WarC. before the War of IndependenceD. after the War of Independence18. MIT stands for_____.A. the Military Institute of TexasB. the Macy's Instigation of ThanksgivingC. the Miami Institution of TradeD. the Massachusetts Institute of Technology19. At the Constitutional Convention in September 1787, the delegates who argued for a national system called themselves______.A. RepublicansB. DemocratsC. Anti-FederalistsD. Federalists19. The Purchase of Louisiana Territory in 1803 from France______.( )A. increased the American territory by one thirdB. increased the American territory by a halfC. almost doubled the size of the United StatesD. almost tripled the size of the United States20. In order to protect Western Europe from possible Soviet expansion after WWII, the United States decided to offer Western European countries economic aid, which later came to be called _____.( )A. the Fourteen PointsB. the New FreedomsC. the New DealD. the Marshall Plan21. In view of the problem of poverty in the 1960s, President Kennedy had onceadmitted that_____of the American population went to bed hungry.( )A. about one quarterB. about one thirdC. about halfD. about two thirds22. Membership in the House of Representatives is based on_____.( )A. the number of cities in each stateB. the number of families in each stateC. the size of population in each stateD. the size of cities in each state23. In the United States, if the parents don't send their children to school at certain age,____ .A. the state government will be responsible for itB. they will educate the children themselvesC. they can save a lot of moneyD. they are breaking the law24．Most of the first Chinese immigrants who came to the United States between 1850—1880 settled down in ______.A．Florida B．Washington C．California D．New Jersey25．In September, 1774 the First Continental Congress was held in ______, which encouraged Americans to refuse to buy British goods.A．New York B．Boston C．Philadelphia D．Concord 26．During the American westward movement, Democratic politician John L. O’Sullivan produced the famous theory of ______.A．“Isolationism”B．“Good Neighbor Policy”C．“Social Darwinism”D．“Manifest Destiny”27．In 1972, U.S. President ______ visited China, which led to the establishment of diplomatic relations with China in January 1979.A．Ronald Reagan B．Richard Nixon C．Jimmy Carter D．Gerald Ford 28．Which work praised the idea of equality and democracy and also celebrated the dignity, the self-reliant spirit and the joy of the common man?A．Leaves of Grass by Walt Whitman. B．Self-reliance by Ralph Waldo Emerson. C．Life on the Mississippi by Mark Twain. D．Sister Carrie by Theodore Dreiser. 29．The Constitution requires the President to be a natural-born American citizen at least ______ years of age.A．30 B．35 C．40 D．4530．On April 30th of 1789, George Washington took the oath of office in ______ which housed the first American government.A．New York B．Washington C．Philadelphia D．Boston31．The conference that decided to set up a world organization ——the United Nations was held in ______.A．T eheran B．Cairo C．Yalta D．Washington32．Which statement is NOT true about the Great Depression in the 1930s?A．Billions of dollars of paper profits were wiped out within a few days.B．Misery and personal sufferings were widespread.C．Many lost their land and other properties because of foreclosures.D．The stock market crash was the beginning of long economic recovery.33．During the American Civil War, the victory at ______ proved to be the turning point for the Union Army.A．Harrisburg B．Gettysburg C．Lexington D．Fort Sumter 34．A typical example of American intolerant nationalism from 1919—1920 was ______ that exaggerated the danger of Communism.A．McCarthyism B．the Ku Klux Klan C．the Red Scare D．Desegregation 35．In the U.S. each local school district has a governing board which is usually ______. A．elected by the voters B．chosen from the teaching staff C．selected from the local community D．appointed by the county magistrate 36．In America, the Constitution provides that ______ shall be President of the Senate.（）A．the Speaker of the House B．the Secretary of StateC．the Chief Justice D．the Vice President37．Higher education in the United States began with the founding of ______ in 1636.（）A．MIT B．Yale University C．Harvard College D．PrincetonUniversity 38．Theodore Dreiser was the literary representative of American______.（）A．Romanticists B．Transcendentalists C．Modernists D．Naturalists 39. The largest racial and ethnic minority in the U.S. is the ______, which accounts over 12.1% of the population.A. blacksB. AsiansC. IndiansD. Hispanics40. The three well-known authors who penned the Federalist Papers are ______.A. Thomas Jefferson, James Madison and John JayB. George Washington, James Madison and John JayC. Alexander Hamilton, James Madison and John JayD. Alexander Hamilton, James Madison and John Adams41. When Abraham Lincoln was elected president, the southern states broke away and formed a new nation called ______.A. the Southern States of AmericaB. the Federalist States of AmericaC. the Confederate States of AmericaD. the Anti-confederate States of America42. With the development of industry and extension of railroad network in the early 20th century in the U.S.A., there appeared ______.A. a rapid growth of citiesB. an influx of foreign goodsC. an increase of urban ghettosD. a great increase in the number of farms43. In the early part of the 19th century, ______ was the centerof American writing.A. BostonB. DetroitC. New York CityD. Philadelphia44. The most important patriotic holiday in the U.S. is ______.A. HalloweenB. Veterans’ DayC. Thanksgiving DayD. Independence Day 25．______ to the Constitution, as the foundation of the American constitutional system, were called the Bill of Rights.（）A．The first three amendments B．The first five amendmentsC．The first ten amendments D．The first twelve amendments46．The Articles of Confederation in 1781 was unusual because it provided for ______.（）A．no king B．a strong central government C．civil rights D．taxation powers 47．In his inaugural speech,______ said that“the only thing we have to fear is fear itself”. A．Lyndon Johnson B．Theodore Roosevelt C．John F. Kennedy D．Franklin Roosevelt48．The Second World War came to an end in ______.（）A．1945 B．1946 C．1947 D．194949. The four problems that face the economy of the United States are______.A. unemployment, inflation, financial crisis and trade deficitB. unemployment, inflation, financial deficit and trade deficitC. mortgage losses, inflation, financial deficit and trade deficitD. unemployment, market failures, financial deficit and trade deficit50. Which statement about the U.S. Constitution is NOT true?A. It is the supreme law of the land.B. It is the oldest written constitution in the world.C. It was adopted in 1781 at the Second Continental Congress.D. It provides the basis for political stability, economic growth and social progress.。

英美国家概况考试题目

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1.问答题：平时的作业2.Read the following statements and decide whether they are true (T) or (F). ___F__In Canada, different provinces and territories share the same educational system.___T__4.The British economy experienced a relative decline during the post-war period.___F__5. In the 1800s, Ireland gained in prosperity because it became a part of Britain.___T__6. The British economy experienced a relative decline during the post-war period.___F__7. San Francisco is the second largest city after New York and the world famous Hollywood is located here.___T__8. The American Civil War not only put an end to slavery, but also made America a single, indivisible nation.3.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.11. The direct cause for the Reformation in Britain was King Henry VIII’s effort to ____. AA. divorce his wifeB. break with RomeC. support the ProtestantsD. declare his supreme power over the church12. The British government is characterized by a division of powers between three of the following branches except the______. CA. judiciaryB. legislatureC. monarchyD. executive13. _______ is the capital city of Scotland. BA. BelfastB. EdinburghC. LondonD. Cardiff14. Of the following, ______ is NOT characteristic of Mark Twain’s works. DA. colloquial speechB.a sense of humorC. a realistic viewD. an idealistic view15.The car industry in Britain is mostly_______. AA. foreign-ownedB. state-ownedC. joint-ventureD. privately-owned16. Emigration in Ireland started since the______. BA. medieval periodB. 17th century B. Great Potato Famine D. early 18th century17. The U.S. lies in _______North America, with Canada to the north, Mexico to the south, the Atlantic to its________and the Pacific to its______. BA. northern, east, westB. central, east, westC. southern, west, eastD. western, west east18. The state of ________is the largest in area of all theU.S.States. AA. AlaskaB. HawaiiC. TexasD. Florida19. President_____ introduced the New Deal to deal with the problems of the Great Depression. CA. WilsonB. TrumanC. RooseveltD. Kennedy20. ________is the head of the New Zealand government. CA. The British monarchB. The Governor GeneralC. The Prime MinisterD. The President21. _____holds the highest position in the Canadian parliamentary system. BA. The British CrownB. The Governor GeneralC. The PresidentD. The Prime Minister22. American President Johnso n tried to build a “Great Society” by introducing various programs like the following EXCEPT_____. DA. MedicareB. Food StampsC. Education InitiativesD. Unemployment Pension.名词解释AgribusinessThe new farming has been c alled “agribusiness”, because it is equipped and managed like an industrial business with a set of inputs into the processes which occur on the farm and outputs or products which leave the farm.Puritanism (173)Which stresses predestination , original sin , total depravity , and limited atonement or the salvation of a selected few who would receive God`s grace.The Lost Generation (182)Which refers to the young American writers caught up in the war and cut off from the old values yet unable to come to terms with the new era when civilization has gone mad .The beat movement (185)The word “beat”suggests a non-conformist , rebellious attitude toward conventional values concerning sex , religion and the American way of life , an attitude that results from the feeling of depression and exhaustion and the need to escape into an unconventional , communal mode of life .The Joy Luck ClubFocus on the relationship between mother and daughter . In her works , Tan deals with the characters ' conflicting emotions , which are associated with beingnative-born Americans of Chinese ancestry . Amy Tan , her fiction weaves back and forth through time and individual perspectives , and her characters seek redemption , forgiveness and peace .Cultural mosaicPeople of diverse origins and communities are free to preserve and enhance their own cultural heritage while participating as equal partners in Canadian society .Firestick farmingAustralian used fire as a hunting tool . They cleared areas using fire in order to stimulate the growth of grazing pastures and drive out small animals that they could easily capture . This method is called "firestick farming ".Australian-New Zealand Army Corps (NAZAC)During the First World War , the Australian troops , joined by New Zealand forces , were called the Australian-New Zealand Army Corps . ANZAC Day , is one of Australia' s most important national holidays to honor all those Australians who died in military conflicts .Three electoral systemsWhich are important in Australia namely the simple majority system , the preferential representation system and the proportional representation system . The simple majority system is a straightforward from of voting whereby the option with a simple majority of votes wins . Under the preferential representation system , voters number the candidates on the ballot paper in。

英语国家概况——美国篇(中译英自测)

第三部分美国第十一章人口与民族1移民是人口增长的一个主要来源.自从美国独立到20世纪60年代,美国的移民政策基本上是开放的.19世纪末20世纪初,纽约的埃利斯岛是一个重要的移民入境接待点.2如今,80%到90%的美国移民来自亚洲和西班牙国家.3美国人口最多的少数民族是黑人,大约占总人口的12.1%.1619年,第一批黑人作为奴隶被运到北美洲.4《汤姆叔叔的小屋》和《根》这两部小说生动地描述了黑人奴隶的悲惨生活。

5、1863年林肯的《解放奴隶宣言》和1865年的宪法第13条修正案正式结束了奴隶制。

6、1964年《人民权法案》加强了对黑人的选举权、使用公共设施以及和白人享受同等教育的保护。

此法案还包括保证黑人享有同等就业机会的条款。

1965年《选举权法案》皆在保护黑人和其他人种的选举权。

第十二章美国历史（一）1“最初的美国人”是印第安人。

2美洲的第一块土地英国殖民地于1607年在弗吉尼亚的詹姆斯顿建立。

1607年至1733年间，英国在北美洲的东海岸建立了13个殖民地。

3、在1620年，102名英国清教徒乘坐一艘叫“五月花号”的船来到新大陆。

他们来到普利茅斯建立了普利茅斯殖民地。

4、殖民主义者正在新大陆上建立一种崭新的生活方式。

这些生活方式的特征在美国人的性格形成的过程中发挥了作用。

这些特征是：建立代议制政府，法制，对个人权利的尊重，宗教上的宽容以及强烈的个人进取心。

5、1774年9月，第一次大陆会议在费城召开，号召北美人民拒绝购买英国商品。

6.《独立宣言》是由弗吉尼亚的托马斯·杰弗逊起草的，它明确阐述了支撑这场革命的政治理论，这一理论来源于英国的哲学家约翰·洛克。

7.1776年的圣诞节，美军在新泽西州的特伦顿击败了英军。

之后不久，美军又在纽约州北部的萨拉托加击败了英军。

这次胜利是北美独立战争的转折点，并直接导致美法联军的独立。

8、美国独立战争表明，在争议的战争中，弱国是可以击败强国的。

大学英美概况试题及答案

大学英美概况试题及答案# 大学英语英美概况试题及答案一、选择题1. 英国的首都是哪里？A. 伦敦B. 爱丁堡C. 曼彻斯特D. 利物浦答案：A2. 美国的独立日是什么时候？A. 7月4日B. 7月14日C. 8月15日D. 9月11日答案：A3. 以下哪个不是英国的传统节日？A. 圣诞节B. 复活节C. 感恩节D. 圣乔治日答案：C4. 美国的官方语言是什么？A. 英语B. 西班牙语C. 法语D. 德语答案：A5. 英国的货币单位是什么？A. 欧元B. 英镑C. 美元D. 日元答案：B二、填空题6. 英国由四个构成国组成，分别是_________、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰。

答案：英格兰7. 美国的首都是_________。

答案：华盛顿哥伦比亚特区8. 英国的国花是_________。

答案：玫瑰9. 美国的人口最多的州是_________。

答案：加利福尼亚州10. 英国的国歌是_________。

答案：《天佑女王》或《天佑国王》三、简答题11. 简述英国的地理位置。

答案：英国位于欧洲大陆西北面，由大不列颠岛和爱尔兰岛的北部以及其他许多小岛组成。

它被北海、英吉利海峡、凯尔特海、爱尔兰海和大西洋所环绕。

12. 描述美国的地理特征。

答案：美国位于北美洲，东临大西洋，西濒太平洋，北接加拿大，南界墨西哥和墨西哥湾。

美国有着多样化的地理特征，包括广阔的平原、高耸的山脉、深邃的峡谷和广阔的森林。

13. 英国和美国在文化上有哪些主要差异？答案：英国和美国虽然共享许多文化元素，但也存在显著差异。

例如，英国人通常更加保守和传统，而美国人则更加开放和自由。

在饮食方面，英国人喜欢喝茶和享用全英式早餐，而美国人则偏爱咖啡和快餐。

此外，英国人重视礼节和等级制度，而美国人则倾向于更加平等和非正式的社交方式。

四、论述题14. 论述英美两国在教育体系上的主要差异。

答案：英国的教育体系强调学术深度和专业研究，学生通常在16岁后选择特定学科进行深入学习。

英语国家概况测试

英语国家概况测试英语国家概况测试（美国、加拿大）1.What is the nickname(s) of the U.S.A.?A. Uncle SamB. Brother JonathanC. Y ankeeD. All of the above2. Name the largest freshwater lake in the world.A. ErieB. OntarioC. SuperiorD. Mic higan3. America celebrates its National Day on _______.A. July 4B. June 4C. July 14D. June 144. In which city was President John F. Kennedy assassinated in 1963?A. San Francisco, CaliforniaB. Washington. D.C.C. Seattle, WashingtonD. Dallas, Texas5. Give the names of the two American presidents who were assassinated during their presidency.A. John Kennedy and Franklin RooseveltB. Abraham Lincoln and John KennedyC. Abraham Lincoln and Ronald ReaganD. Ronald Reagan and Franklin Roosevelt6. Which sport is supposed to be America’s national sport and used to be called “American’favorable pastime”?A. BaseballB. BasketballC. RugbyD. Cricket7. How many dimes are there in a dollar?A. 10B. 7C. 5D. 38. What was the name of the first man who walked on the moon?A. Neil ArmstrongB. Eugene O’NealC. Louise StrongD. V an Gau9. Which city is called Motor city?A. DetroitB. ChicagoC. BostonD. Denver10. What is the American national anthem?A. MarseillaiseB. God Save the King/QueenC. March of the V olunteersD. The Star-Spangled Banner11. Name the two major political parties of the U.S.A.A. The national Party and the Free PartyB. The Labor Party and the Conservative PartyC. The Democratic Party and the Republican PartyD. The People’s Party and the Union Party12. How many branches of government are outlined in the U.S.A.?A. FourB. ThreeC. TwoD. One13. In which university did the first computer come into being?A. Stanford UniversityB. Princeton UniversityC. Pennsylvania UniversityD. Harvard University14. When did China and the United States of America normalized their diplomatic relations ？A．1972 B.1975 C. 1977D.197915. The smallest state in terms of size in the U.S.A. is ________.A. NevadaB. Rhode IslandC. HawaiiD. Maine16. What is meant by CIA?A. Central Intelligence AssociationB. Communication Information AssociationC. Cultural Institute of AustraliaD. Concentration of Investigation Application17. What city in the U.S.A. is considered the birthplace of jazz music?A. Salt Lake CityB. BostonC. SeattleD. New Orleans18. Name the river that flows by Washington D.C., on which the capital of the USA is located.A. ColoradoB. PotomacC. ColumbiaD. Missouri19. The American Negro leader who was awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace in 1964 was ______.A. A. Martin LutherB. Toni MorrisonC. Martin Luther KingD. Nelson Mandela20. What is the name of the American national flag?A. The Star-Spangled BannerB. The Stars and StripesC. The Old GloryD. All of the above21. The Great Plain along the Mississippi River is known as the ________.A. American Wine JarB. American GranaryC. American GardenD. American Fishing Center22. One of the famous national park in the US is the __________.A. Yellowstone National ParkB. Hyde ParkC. Kakadu National ParkD. Rose Garden23. The largest and one of the oldest trees in the USA and in the world is ________.A. thistleB. wattleC. sequoiaD. eucalypt24. Which of the following is NOT a place in the USA?A. Empire State BuildingB. Fifth A venueC. Trafalgar SquareD. United Nations Plaza25. What country is known as the Land of Maple Leaf?A. United States Of AmericaB. United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandC. New ZealandD. Canada26. The national anthem of Canada is _________.A. Canada The BeautifulB. O CanadaC. God Defend CanadaD. Advance Canada Fair27. The capital city of Canada is _________.A. MontrealB. TorontoC. AlbertD. Ottawa28. According to the Official Language Act of Canada, there are two official languages in this country. they are: ________.A. English and SpanishB. English and PortugueseC. English and FrenchD. English and Celtic29. Canada is a world _________ producer of nickel, zinc, and asbestos….A. primaryB. secondC. thirdD. fourth30. The highest peak in Canada is ________, which is the Y ukon Territory of northwest Canada.A. Mount LawrenceB. Mount SuperiorC. Mount LoganD. Mount Huron31. St. Lawrence and River Columbia are shared by both _________.A. American and MexicoB. American and CanadaC. America and CubaD. America and Brazil32. Apart from Paris, France, Montreal is regarded as the largest______ city in the world, known as “Paris the Second”.A. Spanish-speakingB. Portuguese-speakingC. German-speakingD. French-speaking33. ______, the third largest city in Canada, is well known as Ice-Free Harbor.A. MontrealB. QuebecC. TorontoD. V ancouver34. Canada is the world’s ________ country in terms of land area.A. largestB. second largestC. third largestD. fourth largest35. In Canada, nearly _______ of the land has no permanent population.A. 98%B. 89%C. 68%D. 57%36. The European discovery of Canada can be traced back to the end of the ________ century.A. 15thB. 16thC. 17thD. 18th37. The Canadian federal state was established in _________.A. 1847B. 1857C. 1867D. 187738. The Queen is represented in Canada by the Governor-General, who is appointed on the recommendation of the ________.A. PresidentB. SpeakerC. Prime MinisterD. Chancellor39. It was ________ who established the settlement in Canada in 1608.A. John CabotB. ChamplainC. Jacques CartierD. Henry Hudson40. Canada ranks thirty-_______ in population in the world.A. fourthB. thirdC. secondD. first41. _________ of Canadians speak English and _______ French only.A. 67%; 18%B. 68%; 10%C.79%; 16%D. 77%;15%42. The largest university in Canada is _________ University.A. LavalB. QuebecC. TorontoD. Montreal43. A survey of Canadian leisure activities showed that _______ was the most popular form of recreation in the summer.A. tennisB. swimmingC. golfD. baseball44. ________ wrote the Declaration of Independence and later became the U.S. President.A. Thomas JeffersonB. John AdamsC. Thomas PaineD. George Washington45. Who was the President during the American Civil War?A. George WashingtonB. Abraham LincolnC. Thomas JeffersonD. Andrew Jackson46. In America, community colleges, sometimes called technical colleges or city colleges, are primarily two-year public institutions providing higher education and lower-lever tertiary education, granting certificates, diplomas, and _______.A. bachelor’s degrees master’s degrees C. associate’s degrees D. college’s degrees47. The New Deal was a series of economic programs implemented in America between 1933 and 1936 during the first term of President ________.A. Theodore RooseveltB. Franklin RooseveltC. Abraham LincolnD. John F. Kennedy48. 1. ____ has the power to impeach the President of the United States when he abuses his power.A. The SenateB. The Justice of the Supreme CourtC. The CongressD. The Supreme court49. The highest authority of the Supreme Court is ______.A. to review decisions of the courts of appealB. to review decisions of the federal district courtsC. to try the impeachment caseD. to interpret the US Constitution50. The symbol of the Republican Party is ______.A. a bearB. a lionC. an oxD. an elephant。

《英美国家概况》考试题

《英语国家文化》期末考试试I。

Multiple Choice (20％)1。

The highest mountain peak in Britain is called ______ __.［A] Ben Nevis［B］Cross Fell［C］Snowdon[D] Scafell2。

The Lake District is well-known for________。

[A］its wild and beautiful scenery［B] its varied lakes［C］the lake Poets[D] all of the above three3。

Which of the following is NOT the feature of Br itish climate？［A] Coldness。

［B] More rainy days.［C］Changeability .[D］More fogs。

4。

The established church of Britain is ________。

［A］The Church of Scotland［B] Free churches[C］The United Reformed Church[D］The Church of England5.Easter is kept，commemorating the ________of Jesus Christ.［A］coming[B] birth[C] death［D］resurrection6.Under Mrs。

Thatcher，British economy in 1980s gradu ally ____C__[A］declined［B］recessed[C］recovered［D] went down7.Tertiary industry does NOT include ________.[A］retailing[B］insurance［C] electronics[D］banking8.In Britain, government cannot spend any money without the permission of ________.［A］the Queen[B] the Prime Minister[C] the House of Commons［D] the House of Lords9。

英语国家概况海量练习题(美国)

29. The first Puritans came to America on the ship _____.
A. Codpeed C. May Flower B. Susan Constant D. Discovery
30. The Judicial Branch is headed by _____. A. the Supreme Court B. Congress C. President 31. The general election in America is held every _____ years. A. 5 B. 4 C. 6 D. 3 32. _____ has the sole right to interpret the Constitution. A. The Cabinet B. The Supreme Court C. President D. Congress
22. The following were the founding fathers of the American Republic except _____. A. George Washington B. Thomas Jefferson C. William Penn D. Benjamin Franklin 23. _____ of all crops planted in America are destined for export to other countries. A. 1/3 B 1/4 C. 2/3 D. 2/5
5. The US formally entered the Second World War in ____
A 1937 B 1939 C 1941 D 1943

TestforUS英美国家概况美国部分测试题

T e s t f o r U S英美国家概况美国部分测试题集团标准化工作小组 #Q8QGGQT-GX8G08Q8-GNQGJ8-MHHGN#1. The official full name of the United States is usually referred to as . It is often called , , , , or simply , or the “” in American spoken English.2. National Holiday of US is .3. Nicknames for the flag include , , , and which is also the name of thecountry's .4. served as the political theory behind the American Revolution.5. On July 4, 1776, the Congress adopted the Declaration of Independence drafted by a committee including and , with most of the work done by .6. By the Declaration of Independence the United States held its separate and equal position among the powers of the earth, and also by it the United States had been founded, based on the right “.”7. The American Civil War was in fact a conflict during 1861-1865 in the USA between the Southern or of America and the Northern or .8. Four great empires— , , , and —had disappeared by the end of WWⅠ.9. American Attitudes towards WWⅡ were excitedly divided into who opposed any involvement in the European war, and who urged immediate aid to the Allies.10. The Cold War was an ideological, political, and economic state of tensions, conflicts and hostility from 1945 to 1990 between the USSR and on the one hand, and the US andon the other.11. The Berlin blockade promoted the signing of and the founding of .12. is the only “hot war” between the USA and the Soviet Union during the Cold War period.13. is the longest war the US had ever fought, and it is a war which turned out to be as long as years from to .14. After the Korean War, was passed by the Congress, limiting the President’s power in sending troops abroad and required the President to consult Congress before any such decision was made.15. Monetary Unit of US is , and its major trading partners are , , .16. The three major economic ages in the USA are , and .17. , commonly known as Wall Street, began in the late 19th century as a merchant-organized public auction in stocks and government bonds, and is the oldest exchange in the country was formally founded in 1817.18. There are altogether articles and amendments to the American Constitution, and the first ten amendments are called which contains a list of .19. The government of is the oldest on the face of the earth, unbroken in its continuity since 1789.20. Separation of Powers in US consists of stands for the executive branch, for the legislative branch, and for the Judicial branch.21. The two major political parties in US are and .22. The American firm belief in education is inspired by a demand for literacy from two different beliefs, one described in , the other in .23. The 3 principal functions of the system of higher education in US are , and .24. The national nickname for Americans is and nickname for US is .25. In America, to receive Social Security benefits, generally you must have worked for years in a job in which you contributed to the Social Security fund.26. Consumption of constitutes the nation’s most common dru g abuse problem in US.1. The official full name of the United States is usually referred to as the United Statesof America. It is often called the United States, the U.S., the US, the USA, or simply America, or the “states” in American spoken English.2. National Holiday of US is Independence Day on 4 July.3. Nicknames for the flag include the stars and stripes, Old Glory, the American flag, and thestar-spangled banner which is also the name of the country's .4. The Declaration of Independence served as the political theory behind the American Revolution.5. On July 4, 1776, the Congress adopted the Declaration of Independence drafted by a committee including Thomas Jefferson and Benjamin Franklin, with most of the work done by Jefferson.6. By the Declaration of Independence the United States held its separate and equal position among the powers of the earth, and also by it the United States had been founded, based on the right “to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.”7. The American Civil War was in fact a conflict during 1861-1865 in the USA between the Southern or Confederate States of America and the Northern or Union States,8. Four great empires—Germany, Austria-Hungary, Russia, and Turkey—had disappeared by the end of WWⅠ.9. American Attitudes towards WWⅡwere excitedly divided into isolationists who opposed any involvement in the European war, and interventionists who urged immediate aid to the Allies.10. The Cold War was an ideological, political, and economic state of tensions, conflicts and hostility from 1945 to 1990 between the USSR and Eastern Europe on the one hand, and the US and Western Europe on the other.11. The Berlin blockade promoted the signing of the North Atlantic Treaty and the founding of the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany).12. The Korean War is the only “hot war” between the USA and the Soviet Union during the Cold War period.13. The Korean War is the longest war the US had ever fought, and it is a war which turned out to be as long as 25 years from 1950 to 1975.14. After the Korean War, the War Power Act was passed by the Congress, limiting the President’s power in sending troops abroad and required the President to co nsult Congress before any such decision was made.15. Monetary Unit of US is United States dollar, and its major trading partners are Canada, Western Europe, Japan.16. The three major economic ages in the USA are the Agricultural Age, the Industrial Urbanization Age and the Information Age.17. The U.S. stock market, commonly known as Wall Street, began in the late 19th century as a merchant-organized public auction in stocks and government bonds, and New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) is the oldest exchange in the country was formally founded in 1817.18. There are altogether 7 articles and 26 amendments to the American Constitution, and the first ten amendments are called The Bill of Rights which contains a list of liberties.19. The government of the United States is the oldest on the face of the earth, unbroken in its continuity since 1789.20. Separation of Powers in US consists of the President stands for the executive branch, Congress for the legislative branch, and the Supreme Court for the Judicial branch. 21. The two major political parties in US are the Democrats and the Republicans.22. The American firm belief in education is inspired by a demand for literacy from two different beliefs, one described in the Bible, the other in the Declaration of Independence,23. The 3 principal functions of the system of higher education in US are teaching, research and public service.24. The national nickname for Americans is Yankees and nickname for US is Yankee-land.25. In America, to receive Social Security benefits, generally you must have worked for 10 years in a job in which you contributed to the Social Security fund.26. Consumption of alcohol constitutes the nation’s most common drug abuse problem in US.。

英美概况考试题目及答案

英美概况考试题目及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 英国的首都是哪里？A. 巴黎B. 伦敦C. 纽约D. 华盛顿特区答案：B2. 美国的独立日是哪一天？A. 7月4日B. 4月17日C. 12月25日D. 11月11日答案：A3. 英国的官方语言是什么？A. 法语B. 德语C. 英语D. 西班牙语答案：C4. 美国最大的城市是哪个？A. 洛杉矶B. 纽约C. 芝加哥D. 休斯顿答案：B5. 英国的货币单位是什么？A. 欧元B. 美元C. 英镑D. 日元答案：C6. 美国的国土面积在世界上排名第几？A. 第一B. 第二C. 第三D. 第四答案：B7. 英国的哪个城市是著名的文化和艺术中心？A. 爱丁堡B. 曼彻斯特C. 利物浦D. 格拉斯哥答案：A8. 美国的哪个州被誉为“黄金之州”？A. 德克萨斯州B. 加利福尼亚州C. 佛罗里达州D. 纽约州答案：B9. 英国的哪位君主在位时间最长？A. 伊丽莎白一世B. 维多利亚女王C. 乔治三世D. 伊丽莎白二世答案：D10. 美国的哪个国家公园以其壮观的峡谷景观而闻名？A. 黄石国家公园B. 大峡谷国家公园C. 优胜美地国家公园D. 阿卡迪亚国家公园答案：B二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）11. 英国是由______、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰组成的联合王国。

答案：英格兰12. 美国的首都华盛顿特区是为了纪念美国的第一位总统______而命名的。

答案：乔治·华盛顿13. 英国的国花是______。

答案：玫瑰14. 美国的宪法规定了______个分支的政府。

答案：三15. 英国的______是英国君主的正式住所，也是英国王室的行政总部。

答案：白金汉宫16. 美国的______是该国最大的河流系统，流经美国的中部大平原。

答案：密西西比河17. 英国的______是该国最大的政党之一，传统上与劳动阶级联系在一起。

答案：工党18. 美国的______是该国最高法院的所在地，也是司法部门的象征。

《最新英美概况》练习参考答案解析[美国部分]

《最新英美概况》练习参考答案（本答案不包括练习中的开放性习题、思考题和讨论题）====================================================PART TWO The United StatesChapter Eight The LandP. 209—210I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. the Star-Spangled Banner, Defense of Fort McHenry, 1812.2. the Stars and the Stripes, Old Glory, the Star-Spangled Banner.3. The White House, The Capitol, The Pentagon.4. June, 14th, June 14th.5. the Potomac, no state, the Federal government.6. 36, 36 states.7. Amerigo Vespucci, American War of Independence.8. Pierre L’Enfant, light, service.II Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.1. C2. D3. C4. A B C D5. C DIII Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:1. F2. F3. T4. F5. TIV Answer the following questions.1. (1) At first the Continent was named as “America” after explorer AmerigoVespucci.(2) During the American War of Independence, the former British colonies firstused “the thirteen united States of America” in the Declaration of Independence.(3) The official name of America was adopted on November 15, 1777, when theSecond Continental Congress passed the Articles of Confederation.2. The 50 stars represent the 50 States, while the 13 stripes represent theoriginal thirteen colonies.White indicates purity and innocence; red indicates valour and bravery, and blue symbolizes vigilance, perseverance and justice; it is also a symbol of respect to God.3. The stars and strips have different meanings.Each star represents each state in America, while strips represent the original thirteencolonies before the independence of America.4. (1) The lyrics of the national anthem come from “Defense of Fort McHenry”,a poem written during the War of 1812.The poem was set to the tune of a popular British drinking song, “The AnacreonticSong” (or “To Anacreon in Heaven”).(2) The Star-Spangled Banner was used officially by the Navy in 1889, and wasmade the national anthem by congress on March 3, 1931, which was signed by President Herbert Hoover.5. The White House was built in1792 and its original color was grey.During the War of 1812, it was badly damaged by the British troops, and in 1814 it was repainted white.President Roosevelt named it “White House” in the 1940s.P. 213I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. the central part of, Mexico and Gulf of Mexico, east, west.2. 48, Hawaii, Alaska.3. the Rio Grande, Pacific.4. 9,629,091, the third, Canada.5. Alaska, Texas.6. Arctic, glaciers.II Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:1. T2. T3. T4. F5. FIII Answer the following questions.1. (1) The Atlantic coast, the Pacific coast and Hawaii provide convenient searoutes for foreign trade.(2) The long coastline with many harbors and inlets provides favorableconditions for foreign trade and the fishing industry.(3) Mainland America, mainly within the northern temperate zone, is favorablefor agriculture.2. The U.S. and Canada share the “world's longest undefended border.” The borderwas demilitarized after the War of 1812 and has remained peaceful. Military collaboration began during World War II and continued throughout the Cold War on both a bilateral basis and a multilateral relationship through NATO. Both countries are NATO members and have high military interdependency, inparticular, during the Cold War against Soviet threat.Today Canadians and Americans are in close cultural proximity, sharing the same language, similar religion and political systems as well as many values.Their economic relations are so close (they have been each other’s No. 1 trading partner for years) that the two countries have established the North American Free Trade Agreement, the world’s largest free-trade zone. Both enjoy the most developed and richest economies in the world as well as a comparable standard of living (Canada’s welfare system is even more comprehensive and covers more widely).To guard the over 8000-kilometer long land border is not only expensive but also unnecessary (in a sense, impossible, because it is too long), because neither people worry that their neighbors would cross the border on a large scale or stay in their country for a long time.3. The border between the U.S. and Mexico is heavily guarded (mostly on the Americanside) against illegal immigrants entering the U.S. while people can enter Mexico freely. The cause is mostly economic rather than political. There is a huge disparity in the standard of living between the U.S. and Mexico whose per capita GDP is only about 20% that of the U.S. (2012 World Bank statistics). It is estimated six out of the eleven million illegal immigrants living in the U.S.are Mexicans, and millions more plan to enter the U.S. They try to benefit from the American business or job opportunities or from the American welfare system or even to engage in drug-trafficking and smuggling. Another purpose is to combat crime and terrorism, particularly after the 9.11 terrorist attacks. The U.S.-Mexican border areas witness the most serious drug-trafficking and gang violence in the world. Some Mexicans, in particular those haunted by the serious drug-related violence in recent years, try to escape from the violence in Mexico by moving to the U.S. In a word, if the US-Mexico border is open and unguarded as the U.S.-Canada border, there would be millions of Mexicans trying to migrate to America so that the consequent problems would be very difficult for the U.S.deal with.4. Alaska, facing Russia across Bering Strait, is located between the Arctic andPacific oceans, so it’s important for strategic position and transportation.5. Hawaii, like a chain of beads, is located in the central Pacific Ocean, thebest place to enjoy the oceanic scenery.It is famous for natural scenery: white beach, blue sky, and palm trees, etc.The famous Pacific Fleet is located at Pearl Harbor, Oahu Island.P. 221—222I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. Lake Superior, Erie, Ontario.2. Columbia Plateau, the Great Canyon.3. the Rockies, the father of waters.4. dairy farming, Harvard, Yale, MIT.5. Death Valley, Great Salt Lake.6. 38, Yellowstone National Park, Old Faithful.7. 4,800, British Columbia, the backbone of the continent, Mt. Elbert.8. Hoover Dam, The Rio Grande, Ruhr.9. half, “Barn of America”, Great Lakes.10. dividing line, Lake Erie, New York.II Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.1. A B C2. D3. A D4. A B5. DIII Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:1. F2. T3. F4. T5. TIV Answer the following questions.1. New England is a region in the northeastern corner of the United Statesconsisting of the six states of Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut, where the earliest English settlements in North America was made.In the late 18th century, the New England Colonies initiated the resistance to the British Parliament's efforts to impose new taxes without the consent of the colonists. The confrontation led to the Declaration of Independence in July 1776, which resulted in the War of American Independence that brought about the birth of the United States of America.2. The Appalachians holds one sixth of the continental territory. The mountainsare relatively low, and the average altitude is only 800 meters high.These old mountains with rounded tops and wooded hills, and have much beautiful scenery and many tourist resorts.3. It is the most important and longest river in the US. It flows about 6,400 km.from the Rockies to the Gulf of Mexico, and the fourth longest river in the world.With hundreds of tributaries, the river is known as “the father o f waters”.The chief tributaries are the Missouri River, the Ohio River, and the Arkansas, etc.4. They are the largest lake group in the world and contain about half of the world’sfresh water. All the five lakes are inter-connected, reaching the Atlantic by way of the St. Lawrence River. They are the important economic lifeline of the Midwest.The world-famous Niagara Falls also attracts numerous visitors.5. The Great Plain stretches from the west of the Mississippi to the Rockies, andcovers a distance of about 6,400 kilometers. The land is flat and open, and is originally covered with rich prairie grass, but no trees. Today the area is stilla cattle country. Much of the nation’s wheat is grown here, therefore the areais known as the “breadbaske t” of America.The Grand Canyon is located in Colorado Plateau, and is cut by Colorado River.It is one of the great natural wonders of the world, and is set up as national park. It measures about 277 miles long, up to 18 miles wide between the tops of its steep walls, and more than a mile deep.P. 224--225I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. little, 63%.2. the Central Plains, the Rockies, electricity.3. Bingham.4. 1/3, Washington, Oregon.5. Gulf of Mexico, Okalahoma.6. gold, gold, Gold Rush.II. Respond to the following items.1. America is rich in water resources. As a whole the country has little troublewith water shortage. Except for the desert regions around the southern Rockies, there are large supplies of fresh water and numerous fertile valleys.2. About 1/3 of America is covered with forests. The greatest virgin forests arein the states of Washington and Oregon. America has about 500 million acres of commercial forests and about 75% of commercial timber is produced in the eastern part of the country.3. In 1848, gold was discovered in California. The news soon spread out, andthousands of immigrants from around the world invaded the Gold Country of California. The peak of the rush was in 1849, thus the many immigrants became known as the '49ers.4. Coal deposits are widely distributed in America, and most coal reserves areto be found in the Appalachians, the Central Plain, and the Rockies.Most of iron ore is mainly found in the Appalachians and the areas near Lake Superior, and themost important mining area is in Minnesota.P. 226--227I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. northern temperate (P225 书中该词拼写错误), landforms and surrounding waters.2. temperate, tropical.3. temperate, north, hurricanes.4. maritime, distinct, similar.5. Mediterranean, arid, semiarid.6. temperate, temperature.II Answer the following questions.1. The United States is mainly situated in the northern temperature zone. But,owing to its large size, varied landforms and surrounding waters, the climate is tropical in Hawaii and Florida, arctic in Alaska, semiarid in the Great Plains, and arid in the Great Basin.2. New England belongs to maritime climate. It has distinct seasons with a longcold winter, and short and warm summer. Spring and Fall are warm, and the region receives plenty of rainfall.The Middle Atlantic States have a similar climate to that of New England, but the average temperature is a little higher.3. The Great Plains have a variety of weather throughout the year, which is verycold in winter and very hot in summer, with often strong winds.4. The climate around the Great Lakes is temperate. Winters are sometimes extremelycold; summers are very hot; the region receives sufficient rainfall. The wind blows freely, and often causes sudden and extreme changes in temperature and creates many tornadoes.P. 232I Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:1. F2. F3. F4. T5. T6. T P. 237I Write down the names of the places according to the photos.1. Golden Gate Bridge, San Francisco2. Niagara Falls3. Las Vegas4. Red Rock Country5. The Grand Canyon6. DisneylandP. 240I Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:1. F2. F3. T4. F5. FChapter Nine The People and Their CultureP. 243I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. third, China, 313.7 million. (书中in 2010错误, 应改为 in 2012.)2. 1%, high, below.3. urban, 250.4. northeastern part, 1/4, half.5. New York city, 27 million, Chicago, 9 million.6. California, Texas.II Answer the following questions.1. American population is characterized by variety in composition. The White isthe main stream, and takes up about 72.4% of the total population. Hispanics16.3%, Blacks 12.6%, Asians 4.8 %, American Indians and Alaska Natives 0.9%,and Native Hawaii and other Pacific Islanders 0.2%.2. The most densely populated region is the northeastern area, including parts of New England, the Mid Atlantic and Mid West. The size of the region takes up about 1/4 of the total, but almost 1/2 of the total population lives there.3. Comparing with the large size, the population density of the Great Pains is low. The northern part is rather empty. In the combined area of North and South Dakotas, Nebraska and Kansas, an area as great as France and Italy put together, there are only 6.2 million inhabitants in 2010.4. The northeastern part is the most densely populated region in America, because this place is the birthplace of America, also the highly developed area.Since the unfavorable living conditions in the west part of the Great Plains and Rockies, the population is thin.The south and west used to thinly populated, but with the rapid development in recent years, the population increases fast, and the population along the Pacific Coast grows dense.P. 247--248I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. 55 million, Mexico.2. variety, 100, 31.3. African Americans, slaves.4. Civil Rights, equal civil rights.5. Texas, New Mexico.6. American Indians, Indian Reservations.II Answer the following questions.1. Melting pot is metaphorically used to refer to the US because it is a countryof many ethnic groups from different parts of the world, who came to the New World for freedom in politics or religion. They have been dissipating their different ethnic cultu res towards some “standard” by living and workingtogether in the “melting pot” of the US and gradually forming a new nation.2. Indian Reservation is the living place of Indians. Indians were driven westwardto live in these barren desert places when Europeans settled in American continent.In these isolated places, they were allowed to keep a part of their own culture and customs.But the Reservations lacked basic public facilities and life-sustaining opportunities. The situation is somewhat better today, but there continues to be problems3. The Hispanics are Spanish-speaking people from Latin America. Over half ofHispanic Americans are of Mexican descents. The second largest group is of Puerto Rican origin. Other origins include Cuban Americans, Colombian Americans, Dominican Americans, etc.P. 250--251I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. 337, 176.2. Spanish, French.3. English, American.4. Spanish, Spanish.5. Cantonese, third, Chinese American.6. their native, English.II Answer the following questions.1. About 337 languages are spoken by Americans, of which 176 are indigenous, and52 languages formerly spoken in the country are now extinct.2. American English was inherited from British colonization, but there are somechanges in spelling, grammar, vocabulary and pronunciation, etc.3. Spanish is the second most common language in America. The United States holdsthe world’s fifth largest Spanish-speaking population. Spanish is also an official language of Puerto Rico. Spanish is also the most widely taught second language in America.4. The largest French-speaking communities are in Northeast Maine; Hollywood andMiami, Florida; New York City; and certain areas of rural Louisiana.P. 253--254I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. high adherence, diversity.2. Christians, Protestants, Roman Catholics.3. 30, Baptists, Methodists.4. Judaism, Chinese Americans.5. African Americans, African slaves.6. India, Asian countries.II Answer the following questions.1. The principle of the separation of church and state comes from AmericanConstitution. The First Amendment of the US Constitution guarantees the free exercise of religion and fords the establishment of any religious government.2. Religion plays an important role in many aspects of American life (politics,education, charity and culture) as well as in its international relations.American foreign aid (governmental and private) is very closely related to religion, and based on Christian values that all men and women are the children of God, therefore brothers and sisters; the US State Department issues an annual report on human rights and criticizes the human rights records in many countries (of which religious freedom is stressed), which is regarded as interfering the internal affairs of other countries; American churches sent many missions abroad, establishing churches, schools and hospitals around the world, such as what the missionaries did in China in 19th and early 20th centuries (e.g., John Leighton Stuart <司徒雷登>and the Yanching University <燕京大学>) . They worked with the American government for the diffusion of their religion and values.Value-oriented diplomacy is one of the characteristics of American international relations. A very important mission of American diplomacy is to diffuse its values around the world, and many such values derive from religion, such as equality, liberty and fraternity; religion even plays a role in the American decisions of war and peace, such as the American war on terror in Iraq and Afghanistan.3. Their basic beliefs include the love of learning; the worship of God out oflove, not out of fear; and the performing of the heartfelt good deeds without concerning about rewards.4. The major non-Christian religions include Judaism, Buddhism, Islam, and Hinduism, etc.P. 257I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. racial, cultural2. hard work3. formal class system4. “do-it-yourself”5. The Epic of AmericaP. 261-262I Fill in the blanks with names of the holidays.New Year’s DayThe third Monday in January, Martin Luther King DayWashington’s Birthday, Presidents DayThe last Monday in May, American CivilIndependence Day, “Fourth of July”Columbus Day, Christopher ColumbusNovember 11The fourth Thursday in November, Thanksgiving DayDecember 25, Christmas Day, Jesus ChristP. 264I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. 19352. Franklin Roosevelt3. Aid to families with Dependent Children (AFDC)4. MedicareP. 270I Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:1. T2. F3. T4. F5. TP. 275I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. Baseball2. American football3. the Dream Team4. the Australian Open, the French Open, Wimbledon, the US Open5. mixed martial artsP. 279I Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:1. T2. T3. F4. T5. TP. 286-287I Link the following great names with famous sayings below them.B, A, J, D, F, C, E, I, G, HChapter Ten A Brief History of the United StatesP. 290-291I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. a broad land bridge2. adapted to the different environments they lived in3. hunting, fishing4. collectiveII Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.1. D2. C3. C (书中C选项中的第四个词“no”删掉)4. C5.AIII Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:1. T2. F3. T4. T5. TIV Answer the following questions.1. Menzies argued that Zhenghe discovered North America much earlierthan Columbus did. He presented many archeological findings ofChinese articles in North America which were believed to be leftbehind by Zheng’s fleet.2. Some Native Americans tribes lived in the eastern woods, some inthe western deserts, others along the coastal areas, thereforedifferent cultures and languages evolved due to the differentenvironment conditions.3. Native Americans had developed a relative high civilization (somecould plant maize and bean, some could build dams and big houses withmany rooms, while others could also weave clothes and make pottery).They had collective ownership of means of production and women in sometribe enjoyed high status.4. Native Americans believed that everything in nature had spiritualpower. Damaging the environment such as overfishing would offend thespiritual power in nature and get punished.5. The continent of America was named after Amerigo Vespucci, who mademany descriptions of the new continent in his letters and people thenthought he had first discovered North America.P. 293-294I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. several times larger2. New Netherland3. West India4. make France the most powerful nation in Europe and North AmericaII Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.1. D2. D3. D4. A5. BIII Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:1. F2. F3. F4. T5. FIV Answer the following questions.1. Spanish colonists came to North America to find gold, to serve theirking and to spread their religion.2. People from many places lived together peacefully, they spoke manydifferent languages, had different religions, they learned to betolerant and contributed to the diversity in today’s America.3. King Louis XIV wanted to develop New France to make France strongerthan Great Britain and Spain by exploiting the natural resources inNew France.4. The major colonies established by major European powers includedNew Spain, New Netherland, New France and the British colonies inNorth America. Most colonies were established through the use of forcebecause European settlers were militarily more powerful than NativeAmericans who had only primitive weapons such as spears and arrows. P. 297-298I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. Jamestown, Georgia2. Puritans wanted to be able to communicate with God directly throughreading the Bible to understand God; education was also importantin cultivating democracy among its citizens.3. build a school supported by tax4. diversified, cosmopolitan and tolerant5. rural and engaged in farmingII Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.1. A2. D3. D4. C5. AIII Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:1. F2. F3. F4. F5. FIV Answer the following questions.1. Because they were persecuted back in Britain and they wanted toestablish “a city upon hill” in the New World for the rest of theworld to look upon.2. Because some colonies were merged in larger ones and there werethirteen colonies before the American War for Independence.3. The differences were a result of different climate patterns,different settlers and their values and beliefs.4. The Mayflower Compact was important because it expressed people’swill to govern by themselves. It started the democratic election ofleaders and people reached a consensus that they would abide by thejust and equal laws passed by their chosen leaders.5. Slavery was mostly in the southern colonies because of the climatecondition in the South where summer is long and hot while winter shortand warm. The land is also rich. Therefore, natural conditions makesplanting of cotton, tobacco and rice based on slavery profitable inthe South (while the white were either unfit or too proud to till theland in the hot climate).P. 301-302I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. a high degree of autonomy, liberties and democracy2. they were actually British subjects and needed British protection3. t hey believed that only their chosen representatives had the power to tax them.4. the closing of the port of Boston, depriving the self-rule ofMassachusetts5. appealing to the English king to abolish the Intolerable ActsII Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.1. D2. A3. A4. D5. DIII Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:1. F2. F3. F4. F5. FIV Answer the following questions.1. After the Seven Years’ War, Britain tightened its economic andpolitical control over the colonists, who resisted the Britishcontrol because they had been used to a high-degree autonomy anddemocracy.2. They were named the “Intolerable Acts”because the measures wereintolerable to the colonists. The Acts hurt the economic interestsand violated rights of the colonists. The acts included closing theport of Boston, the deprivation of self-rule of Massachusetts andothers.3. The colonists were united and they enjoyed the advantages of beingfamiliar with the home battleground. They also received foreign aidfrom France, Spain and the Netherlands.4. The Declaration of Independence is significant because it announcedcolonists’belief (the first in the world) that all people are equaland have some natural rights (life, liberty, etc.) that cannot beviolated. It also establishes a political principle that a governmentshould protect people’s rights since its power comes from people.If a government violates people’s rights, people then have the rightto overthrow it and establish a new one that can serve people well.The American Revolution is important because it gave birth to thefirst modern republic in the world. It is the first time that coloniesdefeated tyrannical oppressors and won independence, setting a goodexample for other colonies.5. Maybe the American Revolution could have ended in failure.P. 307-308I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. the expanded areas lied west to the earliest colonies2. millions of acres of land3. through war, purchase and threats.4. the Manifest Destiny5. opportunities to realize their dreamsII Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.1. D2. BC3. D4. D5. DIII Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:1. T2. F3. T4. F5. TIV Answer the following questions.1. Politically, it laid the foundation for the U.S. to become a worldpower; economically, it financed the American development;culturally, it is the source of many literary creations and helpedto forge the American national character.2. Many aspects of the American national character can find their rootsin the Westward Movement such as mobility, independence, optimism andcreativity.3. It was in nature an excuse to justify their aggressive expansion.4. American Indians were the real owners of the land and surelyresisted the expansion of the whites. To get their land, the whitesrepeatedly killed, expelled and mercilessly exploited the Indians.Many Indian tribes died out and the survivors were driven to Indianreservations. Many Indians are still living in poverty.5. Agriculture was greatly enhanced in the West; agriculture fed thepeople and revenue financed the American economic growth; it alsocontributed a great deal to the American Industrialization byproviding rich resources, cheap labor and a huge market for industrialproducts.P. 311-312I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. willingly2. unified, high/protective, free3. would be solved by itself4. abolitionists, abolitionII Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.1. B2. ABCD3. ABCD4. AD5. DIII Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:1. T2. T3. F4. F5. TIV Answer the following questions.1. Slavery broke up the domestic market, making the free movement ofcapital and labor impossible.2. Politically, the balance between the North and South was broken whenmore states entered the Union as free states and the South was afraidthat the North would try to abolish slavery when the North could gatherenough votes to pass laws unfavorable to the South; economically, theNorth wanted to develop capitalism which demanded free labor, hightariffs and a unified market and the South wanted to retain itsplantation economy based on slavery; culturally, many people opposedslavery because of its inhumanity, anti-equality and anti-democracynature.3. After the announcement of the Emancipation of Proclamation,hundreds of blacks joined the Union army to fight for their freedom;。

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1. The official full name of the United States is usually referred to as . It is often called , , , , or simply , or the “” in American spoken English.2. National Holiday of US is .3. Nicknames for the flag include ,,, and which is also the name of the country's official national anthem.4. served as the political theory behind the American Revolution.5. On July 4, 1776, the Congress adopted the Declaration of Independence drafted by a committee including and , with most of the work done by .6. By the Declaration of Independence the United States held its separate and equal position among the powers of the earth, and also by it the United States had been founded, based on the right “.”7. The American Civil War was in fact a conflict during 1861-1865 in the USA between the Southern or of America and the Northern or .8. Four great empires—, , , and —had disappeared by the end of WWⅠ.9. American Attitudes towards WWⅡ were excitedly divided into who opposed any involvement in the European war, and who urged immediate aid to the Allies.10. The Cold War was an ideological, political, and economic state of tensions, conflicts and hostility from 1945 to 1990 between the USSR and on the one hand, and the US andon the other.11. The Berlin blockade promoted the signing of and the founding of .12. is the only “hot war” between the USA and the Soviet Union during the Cold War period.13. is the longest war the US had ever fought, and it is a war which turned out to be as long as years from to .14. After the Korean War, was passed by the Congress, limiting the President’s power in sending troops abroad and required the President to consult Congress before any such decision was made.15. Monetary Unit of US is , and its major trading partners are , , .16. The three major economic ages in the USA are , and .17. , commonly known as Wall Street, began in the late 19th century as a merchant-organized public auction in stocks and government bonds, and is the oldest exchange in the country was formally founded in 1817.18. There are altogether articles and amendments to the American Constitution, and the first ten amendments are called which contains a list of .19. The government of is the oldest on the face of the earth, unbroken in its continuity since 1789.20. Separation of Powers in US consists of stands for the executive branch, for the legislative branch, and for the Judicial branch.21. The two major political parties in US are and .22. The American firm belief in education is inspired by a demand for literacy from two different beliefs, one described in , the other in .23. The 3 principal functions of the system of higher education in US are , and .24. The national nickname for Americans is and nickname for US is .25. In America, to receive Social Security benefits, generally you must have worked foryears in a job in which you contributed to the Social Security fund.26. Consumption of constitutes the nation’s most common drug abuse problem in US.1. The official full name of the United States is usually referred to as the United States of America. It is often called the United States, the U.S., the US, the USA, or simply America, or the “states” in American spoken English.2. National Holiday of US is Independence Day on 4 July.3. Nicknames for the flag include the stars and stripes, Old Glory,[2]the American flag, and the star-spangled banner which is also the name of the country's official national anthem.4. The Declaration of Independence served as the political theory behind the American Revolution.5. On July 4, 1776, the Congress adopted the Declaration of Independence drafted by a committee including Thomas Jefferson and Benjamin Franklin, with most of the work done by Jefferson.6. By the Declaration of Independence the United States held its separate and equal position among the powers of the earth, and also by it the United States had been founded, based on the right “to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.”7. The American Civil War was in fact a conflict during 1861-1865 in the USA between the Southern or Confederate States of America and the Northern or Union States,8. Four great empires—Germany, Austria-Hungary, Russia, and Turkey—had disappeared by the end of WWⅠ.9. American Attitudes towards WWⅡ were excitedly divided into isolationists who opposed any involvement in the European war, and interventionists who urged immediate aid to the Allies.10. The Cold War was an ideological, political, and economic state of tensions, conflicts and hostility from 1945 to 1990 between the USSR and Eastern Europe on the one hand, and the US and Western Europe on the other. 11. The Berlin blockade promoted the signing of the North Atlantic Treaty and the founding of the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany).12. The Korean War is the only “hot war” between the USA and the Soviet Union during the Cold War p eriod.13. The Korean War is the longest war the US had ever fought, and it is a war which turned out to be as long as 25 years from 1950 to 1975.14. After the Korean War, the War Power Act was passed by the Congress, limiting the President’s power in sending troops abroad and required the President to consult Congress before any such decision was made.15. Monetary Unit of US is United States dollar, and its major trading partners are Canada, Western Europe, Japan.16. The three major economic ages in the USA are the Agricultural Age, the Industrial Urbanization Age and the Information Age.17. The U.S. stock market, commonly known as Wall Street, began in the late 19th century as a merchant-organized public auction in stocks and government bonds, and New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) is the oldest exchange in the country was formally founded in 1817.18. There are altogether 7 articles and 26 amendments to the American Constitution, and the first ten amendments are called The Bill of Rights which contains a list of liberties.19. The government of the United States is the oldest on the face of the earth, unbroken in its continuity since 1789.20. Separation of Powers in US consists of the President stands for the executive branch, Congress for the legislative branch, and the Supreme Court for the Judicial branch.21. The two major political parties in US are the Democrats and the Republicans.22. The American firm belief in education is inspired by a demand for literacy from two different beliefs, one described in the Bible, the other in the Declaration of Independence,23. The 3 principal functions of the system of higher education in US are teaching, research and public service.24. The national nickname for Americans is Yankees and nickname for US is Yankee-land.25. In America, to receive Social Security benefits, generally you must have worked for 10 years in a job in which you contributed to the Social Security fund.26. Consumption of alcohol constitutes the nation’s most common drug abuse problem in US.。