2011-2012ESP工程英语(A卷)

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南阳理工2011-2012年C级英语试卷A

南阳理工学院2011-2012学年第一学期期末试卷课程:大学英语III(A)（供2010级软件学院、音乐系、艺术系、体育类和播音主持专业本科学生使用）评卷人（签名）复核人（签名）题号ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤ总分得分考生须知1．客观题答案按题号顺序用2B铅笔涂在机读卡上，主观题答案写在答题纸上。

2．答题卡上需要填写的“姓名”和“考号”必须用钢笔，圆珠笔或者中性笔填写。

（填写考号的后九位数字）3．本试卷共100分，考试时间120分钟。

Part I Vocabulary and Structure (1*20=20 points)Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.1.The police are ________ the road accident that occurred last night.A. looking upB. looking onC. looking outD. looking into 2．We’ve ___________ paper and ink. Ask Mrs. Edward to lend us some.A. run away withB. run out ofC. run offD. run down3. I suppose you are not serious, ____________?A. do IB. don’t IC. are youD. aren’t you4.Ever since she ________her job, Mary has been much happier than before.A. changesB. had changedC. has changedD. changed 5.The company has to ________the benefits against the costs in the last three months.A. boastB. blameC. blockD. balance6.I like your methods of teaching and shall ________them in my teaching.A. absorbB. adoptC. adaptD. acquire7.If you ____________the speed limit, you will get into trouble with the police.A. excludeB. exceedC. excuseD. execute8.The results of the survey are interesting: they ________ more questions than answers.A. bring aboutB. prohibitC. projectD. benefit from9.Many laid-off workers have to __________new skills to get re-employed.A. acquireB. inquireC. squareD. require10.He is very _________about food. It is hard to please him.A. specialB. particularC. specificD. especial11.Medical research has shown that the widespread use of cigarettes contribute _____ theincrease of cancers.A. towardsB. forC. withD. to12.Medical care reform has become this country’s most important public health___________.A. questionsB. stuffC. matterD. issue13.The ______of blood always makes him feel sick.A. sightB. viewC. lookD. vision14.Shelly had prepared carefully for her biology examination so that she could be sure ofpassing it on her first ___________.A. intentionB. attemptC. purposeD. desire15.In Australia the Asians make their influence __________in business large and small.A. feelingB. feelC. feltD. to be felt16.Not only __________ the film, but he met and talked with the director as well.A. he did seeB. did he seeC. had he seenD. he saw17.If I hadn’t stood under the ladder to catch you when you fell, you ___________ now.A. couldn’t have smiledB. wouldn’t be smilingC. didn’t smileD. won’t smile18.Before he left for his vacation he went to the bank to _________ some money.A. pullB. pickC. gainD. withdraw19.Although a teenager Fred could resist ____ what to do and what not to do.A. being toldB. tellingC. to be toldD. to tell20.With the three ships ________ him by the Queen of Spain, Columbus sailed west.A. givingB. gaveC. being givenD. givenPart II Reading Comprehension (2*20=40 points)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, you should decide on the best one from the four choices marked A, B, C, and D.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:No one knows for sure why birds migrate(定期迁徙). One theory of migration says that ancient birds of the northern part of the earth were forced southward during the Ice Age, when ice covered large parts of Europe, Asia and North America. As the ice melted, the birds came back to their homelands, spent the summer, and then went south again in winter. Gradually, these comings and goings became habits, and birds now migrate though much of the ice has gone.Another theory proposes that the ancient home of all modern birds was the tropic areas. There they lived so well that the region became overcrowded. Many species had to move northward. During the summer, these birds found plenty of room and food. In winter, however, food became scarce and they had to return to the south.A newer theory is that increasing daylight stimulates certain glands(腺) in the bird's body and prepares it for migration. One scientist is able to make birds migrate in midwinter by exposing them for two months to artificial daylight. Recoveries of marked birds indicate that they fly north as soon as they are set free. The conclusion is that the urge to migrate is determined by changes in the bird’s body which take place under seasonal changes in the length of daylight.This theory would account for the fact that not all birds migrate at the same time. Each species seems to have its own schedule. The theory would also account for the regular time and routes of migration. Birds arrive at a given place year after year. Unfavorable weather delays them only a few days. Total hours of daylight, rather than weather, start them on the way.How birds find their way to the same place year after year and why they follow their own particular route are still mysteries. They evidently do not follow known landmarks(地面标志), for many young birds migrate alone without the help of experienced adults.21. We can conclude from the first paragraph that ______.A. during the Ice Age, the whole Europe was covered with iceB. the south used to be the homelands of all birdsC. scientists can confidently explain why birds migrate nowD. migration of birds can be explained by the change of ice on earth.22. The birds mentioned in the third paragraph fly north in midwinter because ______.A. they are specially trained by a scientistB. they are affected by seasonal changesC. there is a change in their body temperatureD. they are exposed to extra daylight23. The phrase “account for” (Line 2, Para. 4) most probably means ______.A. indicateB. explainC. proveD. provide24. Which of the following can NOT be inferred from the passage？A. Birds do not migrate at the same time.B. Birds usually follow regular routes of migration.C. Each species has a special reason for migration.D. Birds migrate to their own particular places every year.25. The best title for the passage is ______.A. Different Accounts of MigrationB. Migration and WeatherC. New Discovery of Bird MigrationD. Routes of Bird MigrationPassage 2Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:For a clearer picture of what the student knows, most teachers use another kind of examination in addition to objective tests. They use "essay" tests, which require students to write long answers to broad, general questions such as the following："Mention several ways in which Benjamin Franklin has influenced the thinking of people in his own country and in other parts of the world.One advantage of the essay test is that it reduces the element of luck. The student cannot get a high score just by making a lucky guess. Another advantage is that it shows the examiner more about the student’s ability to put facts together into a meaningful whole. It should show how deeply he has thought about the subject.Sometimes, though, essay tests have disadvantages, too. Some students ate able to write rather good answers without really knowing much about the subject, while other students who actually know the material have trouble expressing their ideas in the essay form.Besides, in an essay test the student's score may depend upon the examiner's feelings at the time of reading the answer. If he is feeling tired or bored, the student may receive a lower score than he should. Another examiner reading the same answer might give it a much higher mark. Because of this, the objective test gives each student a fairer chance, and of course it is easier and quicker to score.Whether an objective test or an essay test is used, problems arise. When some objective questions are used along with some essay questions, however, a fairly clear picture of the student's knowledge can usually be obtained26. What have been discussed in the previous paragraphs?A. The essay test.B. How teachers test their students.C. How students write their essays.D. The objective test.27. The essay test is preferred because______.A. it shows more about the student's understanding of the subjectB. it tests the student's knowledge of the material as well as his expression of ideas.C. it gives each student a fairer chanceD. its scoring may be influenced by the examiner's feelings28. The word “this” (Line 4, Para. 4) refers to the fact that ______.A. students may receive a lower score in an essay testB. another examiner usually gives the answer a higher markC. different examiners may give the same essay different scoresD. the objective test gives each student a fairer chance29. According to the passage, which of the following statements about the objective test isNOT true?A. It is more objective than the essay test in terms of scoring.B. It allows the student to guess the correct answer without really knowing the material.C. It shows the student's ability to think about difficult problems.D. It is easy and quick to score.30. According to the author, an ideal test should be ______A. an objective testB. an essay testC. a combination of the twoD. something newPassage 3Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:Cars are important in the United States. Without a car most people feel that they are poor. And even if a person is poor he doesn't feel really poor when he has a car.Henry Ford was the man who first started making cars in large numbers. He probably didn't know how much the car was going to affect American culture. The car made the United States a nation on wheels. And it helped make the United States what it is today.There are three main reasons the car became so popular in the United States. First of all the country is a huge one and Americans like to move around in it. The car provides the most comfortable and cheapest form of transportation. With a car people can go any place without spending a lot of money.The second reason cars are popular is the fact that the United States never really developed an efficient and inexpensive form of public transportation. Long-distance trains have never been as common in the United States as they are in other parts of the world. Nowadays there is a good system of air-service provided by planes. But it is too expensive to be used frequently.The third reason is the most important one, though. The American spirit of independence is what really made cars popular. Americans don't like to wait for a bus or a train or even a plane. They don't like to have to follow an exact schedule. A car gives them the freedom to schedule their own time. And this is the freedom that Americans want most to have.The gas shortage has caused a big problem for Americans. But the answer will not be a bigger system of public transportation. The real solution will have to be a new kind of car, one that does not use so much gas.31. When do most Americans feel they are poor?A. When they don't have a car.B. When they live in a huge country.C. When they don't use planes.D. When they have a car.32. What is the most important reason that cars become popular in the United States?A. Because the United States is huge.B. Because public transportation is not so good.C. Because Americans like to be independent.D. Because Americans like to move around.33. What public transportation is good in the United States?A. Buses.B. Trains.C. Taxis.D. Planes.34. What has caused a big problem for Americans?A. A new kind of car.B. Public transportation.C. The gas shortage.D. Poor people.35. Which of the following is not mentioned according to this passage?A. Cars have made the nation on wheels.B. Cars have made the United States have a gas shortage.C. Nearly 80% of the American people have cars.D. Cars have made American independent.Passage 4Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:I don't often lose things and I'm especially careful with money, so I was quite surprised when I reached for my wallet and it wasn't there. At first, I thought it was possible that I could have left it at home. Then I remembered taking it out to pay for the taxi, so I knew I had it with me just before I walked into the restaurant. I wondered if it was possible that it could have slipped out of my pocket while I was eating dinner. Thinking about that possibility, I turned and walked back to the table where I had been sitting. Unfortunately, there were several people sitting at the table at the time, so I called a waiter and explained to him that my wallet had fallen out of my pocket while I was sitting at the table a few minutes earlier. I had the waiter go over to the table to see if my wallet was on the floor. While the waiter was looking for it, the manager of the restaurant came up to me and asked me if anything was wrong. I didn't want to get a lot of people involved in the problem, but I knew I had to get the wallet back. I told the manager what had happened. He had me describe the wallet to him, and then he insisted that I report the missing wallet to the police. I told him that I didn't particularly want to get the police involved in it; besides, I was in a hurry because I had an appointment with my doctor in just a few minutes. I explained to him that my biggest worry at the moment was how I was going to pay the check. He told me not to worry about that. He had me write down my name and address, and he said he would send me a bill.36. Why was the writer so sure he had brought his wallet with him?A. He remembered that he didn't leave it at home.B. He always felt his pocket for the wallet before he left home.C. He believed his own memory.D. He had taken it out to pay the taxi-driver.37. According to the passage, the writer most probably lost his wallet when _____.A. he took it out to pay for the taxiB. he walked into the restaurantC. he was eating dinnerD. he was ordering his dish38. Why did the writer walk back to the table where he had been sitting?A. He was sure his wallet was still there.B. It was possible that he could find his wallet there.C. He could ask someone there about his wallet.D. He saw the wallet lying on the floor near the table.39. As the writer didn't want to get a lot of people involved in the problem, _____.A. he only told the manager what had happenedB. he didn't tell the manage anythingC. he reported to the police immediatelyD. he only told the story to the manager and the waiter40. Why did the manager tell the writer not to worry about paying the check?A. He was going to report the incident to the police.B. He could pay the doctor for the writer.C. He would send the writer a bill later for his meal.D. He was sure the missing wallet would soon be recovered.Part III Cloze (1*10=10 points)Directions: complete the following sentences with the correct words given in the brackets.41. We can see clearly the colors of the paint of the wall have ___________. (faded,disappeared)42. This is a fantastic hotel. There are several pretty and comfortable rooms which___________ a flower-filled garden. (overlook, overtake)43. Having professionally made curtains can be __________, so why not make your own?(valuable, costly)44. European dress has been __________ by people in many parts of the world. (adapted,adopted)45. The earth's shadow on the moon was quite ____________. (distinct, distinctive)46. Every decision has to be passed by the ____________. (board, abroad)47. The child ___________ behind the sofa as her father shouted at her. (sank, shrank)48. He was behaving so badly at school today, I ____________ why he wasn't sent home.(wandered, wondered)49. The boat was about a mile off the ___________ when the engine suddenly died. (ashore,shore)50. Her father threw a disapproving ____________ at her. (glimpse, glance)Part IV Translation (2*10=20 points)A. Translate the following sentences into English51. 为避免灾难发生，飞行员只好采取紧急行动。

理工类_2011年A级真题_2012年版

1、The sea turtle's natural habitat has been considerable reducedA:suddenlyB:generallyC:slightlyD:greatly答案:D解析:1. D【解析】considerably：adv.相当大(或多)的，相当可观的。

句意：“海龟的自然习性已经被很大地简化了。

”选项A中suddenly：adv.突然地；B中generally：adv.通常，一般地；C中slightly：adv.些许地，轻微地；D中greatly：adv.很，非常；知选项D的意思与题意相近，所以选择D。

2、2. Anderson left the table, remarking that he had some work to doA:doubtingB:thinkingC:sayingD:knowing答案:C解析:1. C【解析】remarking：v.谈论，谈及。

句意：“安德森离开桌子并补充到他有一些工作要做。

”选项A中doubting：doubt为其动词原型，意为：怀疑，不信；B中thinking：think为其动词原型，意为：思索，认为；C中saying：say为其动词原型，意为：说；D中knowing：know为其动词原型，意为：知道；所以选择C。

3、3 I got a note from Moira urging me to get in touchA:instructingB:pushingC:notifyingD:inviting答案:B解析:1. B【解析】urging：v. 促进，力劝。

句意：“我收到一条来自莫伊拉的短信，促使我与其联系。

” 选项A中instructing：vt.教导，批示；B中pushing：vt.推动，促进；C中notifying：v.通报；D中inviting：invite为其动词原型，意为：邀请，引起；所以选择B。

2011--2012第一学期英语二A卷

9. ( ) Without your help last night, we _______ the game . A. lostB. would loseC. had lostD. would have lost10. ( ) It was only with the aid of the French fleet ____ Washington was able to win the war and American independence . A. whatB. whichC. whoD. thatII. Close Test ( 10 points, 1 point for each point )下面短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项，根据上下文选出最佳答案。

Aging is the 11 of growing old. It occurs eventually in every 12 thing provided, of course, that an illness or accident does not kill it prematurely(过早地). The most familiar 13 signs of aging may be seen in old people, such as the graying of the 14 and wrinkling of the 15 . Signs of aging in a pet dog or cat 16 loss of playfulness and energy, a decline in hearing and eyesight, or even a slight graying of the coat. Plants 17 too, but the signs are much harder to detect(探测).Most body parts 18 bigger and stronger, and 19 more efficiently during childhood. They reach their peak at the time of maturity (成熟), or early adulthood. Then they begin to decline. Bones, 20 , gradually become lighter and softer. 11. ( ) A. process B. success C. function D. condition 12. ( ) A. alive B. lovely C. living D. live 13. ( ) A. inside B. forward C. internal D. outward 14. ( ) A. skin B. bone C. hair D. eyes 15. ( ) A. body B. skin C. spirit D. mood 16. ( ) A. includeB. excludeC. showD. express 17. ( ) A. age B. become C. developD. end 18. ( ) A. areB. growC. makeD. throw 19. ( ) A. condition B. functionC. nerveD. thought20. ( ) A. without hesitationB. out of questionC. for exampleD. in a hurryIII. Reading Comprehension ( 30 points, 2 points for each item ) 从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选项中选出最佳答案。

2011陕西高考英语试题

2011陕西高考英语试题Introduction:The 2011 Shaanxi College Entrance Examination (CEE) English paper is a significant evaluation in determining the English proficiency of the students. This article aims to analyze and discuss the content and difficulty level of the exam, as well as provide suggestions for future improvement.Overview of the 2011 Shaanxi CEE English Paper:The 2011 Shaanxi CEE English paper consisted of four sections: listening, reading, linguistics, and writing. Each section assessed different language skills and followed a specific format. The exam aimed to test students' listening comprehension, reading comprehension, vocabulary, grammar knowledge, and writing ability.Section 1: Listening ComprehensionThe listening comprehension section was divided into three parts, with a total of 20 questions. Students were required to listen to various audio recordings and answer questions based on the information provided. The recordings included conversations, interviews, and monologues, covering a wide range of topics. The questions ranged from multiple-choice to completion tasks. This section aimed to assess students' ability to understand spoken English and their listening skills.Section 2: Reading ComprehensionThe reading comprehension section consisted of four parts, with a total of 30 questions. Each part contained a different text, such as articles,advertisements, and opinion pieces. The questions varied, including multiple-choice, true or false statements, and fill in the blanks. This section tested students' reading skills, including their ability to understand the main idea, locate specific information, and comprehend the author's tone and purpose.Section 3: LinguisticsThe linguistics section contained 40 questions, covering vocabulary, grammar, and sentence structure. It aimed to assess students' knowledge and understanding of English language rules and usage. The questions were varied, including word meaning, word formation, error correction, and sentence transformation. This section tested students' ability to apply language rules in different contexts accurately.Section 4: WritingThe writing section required students to write an essay on a given topic. Students were provided with a prompt and asked to express their opinions or provide explanations. The prompt often addressed current social issues or asked for personal views on specific topics. Students were expected to demonstrate their ability to organize ideas logically, use appropriate vocabulary and grammar structures, and convey their thoughts effectively in written English.Evaluation and Suggestions for Improvement:Overall, the 2011 Shaanxi CEE English paper was comprehensive and well-structured, effectively assessing students' English language skills. However, some areas can be further improved:1. Listening comprehension: The audio recordings could include a wider range of accents and speech styles to expose students to different English variations.2. Reading comprehension: The texts selected could cover a broader range of genres, including literature, scientific articles, and social commentaries, to further challenge students' reading abilities.3. Linguistics: To ensure a fair evaluation, the vocabulary and grammar questions could be designed to test not only rote memorization but also the application of language rules in real-life situations.4. Writing: The prompts provided in the writing section could be more creative and thought-provoking to encourage students to think critically and express themselves more effectively.Conclusion:The 2011 Shaanxi CEE English paper effectively assessed students' English language skills and provided insights into their strengths and weaknesses. By evaluating the content, format, and difficulty level of the exam, suggestions for improvement have been provided to enhance future testing procedures. The CEE plays a crucial role in evaluating students' language abilities and promoting continuous improvement in English education.。

2012年英语A级试题及答案

2012职称英语考试理工类A 级真题第1部分：词汇部分：词汇选项（第1~15题，每题1分，共15分）分）1.All the flats in the building had the same layout. A. colorB. arrangementC. size D. function 2.The weather was crisp and clear and you could see the mountains fifty miles away. A. fresh B. hotC. heavyD. windy 3.The walls are made of hollow concrete blocks. A. bigB. longC. new D. empty 4.Our aim was to update the health service, and we succeeded. A. modernizeB. offerC. provideD. fund 5.Her comments about men are utterly ridiculous. A. slightlyB. partly C. completelyD. faintly 6.Every week the magazine presents the profile of a well-known sports personality. A. success B description C. evidence D. plan 7.He has been granted asylum in France. A. powerB. relief C. protectionD. license 8.When I heard the noise in the next room, I couldn‟t resist have a peep. A. look B. chance C. visitD. try 9.She moves from one exotic location to another. A familiar B. similar C. proper D. unusual 10.We almost ran into a Rolls-Royce that pulled out in front of us without signaling. A. overtookB. hitC. passedD. found11.He was weary of the constant battle between them. A. fondB. proudC. tiredD. afraid 12.Nothing would induce me to vote for him again. A. attractB. teachC. helpD. discourage 13.He shifted his position a little, in order to alleviate the pain in his leg. A. controlB. easeC. experienceD. suffer 14.The photographs evoked memories of our A. refreshedB. storedC. blockedD. erased 15.Newborn babies can discriminate between a man ‟s and a woman ‟s voice. A. treatB. expressC. analyzeD. distinguish 第2部分：阅读判断（第16~22题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文后有7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A ；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B ；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C 。

ESP工程英语(A卷)及答案

Part ⅠVocabulary and Structure (1*20=20’）Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 1. We are quite confident that we will be able to our plan. A. carry away B. carry on C. carry out D. carry in 2. The young brothers didn ’ｔ want to leave their for the cities. A. earth B. land C. field .D. soil 3. Mrs. Baker a whole chapter from her book, as we suggested. A. cut out B. cut in C. cut through D. cut down 4. The countries finally the peaceful settlement of the border issue. A. bring about B. bring down C. bring in D. bring up 5. Some flowers their richest fragrance at night. A. give back B. give in C. give off D. give up 6. There must be something wrong with the lights. Let ’s an electrician. A. send up B. send out C. send for D . send away. 7. The workers in that private enterprise are determined to have their rights A. respect B. respecting C. to respect D. respected 8. Time , the celebration will be held as scheduled. A. permit B. permitting C. permitted D. permits 9. It is futile to discuss the matter further, because going to agree upon anything today. A. neither you nor I are B. neither you nor me is C. neither you nor I am D. neither me nor you are 10. He was to tell the truth even to his closest friend. A. too much of a coward B. Too much the coward C. a coward enough D. enough of a coward11. is not a serious disadvantage in life.A. To be not tallB. Not to be tallC. Being not tallD. Not being tall12. Being color-blind, Sally can ’t make a between red and green. A. difference B. distinctionC. comparisonD. division13.His expenses in holidays is rather high in to his income.A. comparison B proportion C. association D. calculation14. You Jim anything about it. It was none of his business.A. needn ’t have toldB. needn ’t tellC. mustn ’t have toldD. mustn ’t tell15. at in this way, the present economic situation doesn ’t seem sogloomy.A. LookingB. LookedC. Having lookedD. To look16 Many people are to insect bites, and some even have to go tohospital.A. insensitiveB. allergicC. sensibleD. infected17 He asked me to lend him some money, which I agreed to do, thathe paid me back the following week.A. on occasion B on purpose C. on condition D. only if18. We realized that he was under great , so we took no notice of hisbad temper.A. excitementB. stressC. crisisD. nervousness19. Thousands of people turned out into the streets to against thelocal authorities ’ decision to build a highway across the field.A. contradictB. reformC. counterD. protest20. Doctors often uneasiness in the people they deal with. A. smell B. hear C. sense D. touchPart ⅡProfessional Words or Expressions (2*15=30)2010级ESP 工程英语2010级ESP 工程英语A 41 肖永贺李红梅Directions: Translate the following expressions into Chinese.1. foundation________2. live load __________3. dead load _______4. reinforced concrete ________5. prestressed concrete ____6. suspension bridge __________7. span _____________ 8. building code _____________9. vertical plane _______ 10. material mechanics _________11．soil mechanics_______12. gravitational forces________13. deck ______ 14. civil engineering __________15.ballast _________Part III. Cloze (1’ｘ20=20’)Read the passages through. Then, go back and choose the one suitable word or phrase marked A, B, C, or D for each blank in the passage.A person or company that (1) ___ to put up a building must first have a plan made of it. This (2) ___ is done by an architect. His or her plan shows exactly what the new (3) ___ will look like. An architect is part engineer and part artist. He must make (4) ___ to be sure that his building will stay up when it is built. He has to know how (5) ___ the materials are that he wants to use. He must (6) ___ out the weight that will press on the walls and floors when the building is in use. Only when then can he or she be certain (7)___ no part of his or her building will be overloaded and that the whole structure will be safe. The architect also to make the building (8) ___ as attractive as possible and designs it so that it fit in with surrounding buildings. He or she must make (9) ___ that the buildingwill be pleasant and comfortable to live and to work in. He or she must also make sure that it will not (10) ___ too much to build.1) A. wishes B. wishing C. wish D. wished2)A. jobs B. job C. works D. working3) A. room B. house C building D. apartment4) A. collections B. solutions C. operations D. calculations5) A. large B. heavy C. big D. strong6) A. take B. bring C. work D. get7) A. which B. that C. what D. where8) A. look B. seem C. feel D. hear9) A. sure B. a point C. a scene D. believe10) A. fee B. cost C. spend D. takePassage IIA decision is usually made to (11) ______ a building before much has been determined about its(12) ______ . in the case of a residence, little informationis needed to (13) ______ the decision to build. In the (14) ______ of the other buildings, such as offices or stores, questions of actual need may rise, and a market analysis may be (15) ______ .Once the need has been determined, it is necessary to work out guidelines for designing and building the (16) ______. The first step in this process is to decide how the building is to be used---its overall function and the purposes various spaces within it must serve. In a residence, for example, the (17) ______ occupant must express his need: living, sleeping, food preparation, dining, bathroom, storage areas, and special design features, such as a fireplace, wooden paneling, and air conditioning. Typically, a (18) ______ does not require very comprehensive programming or study. The future (19) ______ or occupant may do nothing more than describe his desires to an architect or builder, who then translates them into (20) ______ sketches.11 A.construct B.make C. produce D. manufacture12. A. length B. width C. function D. system13. A. produce B. make C. construct D. manufacture14. A.case B. form C. kind D. way15. A. perform B. performs C. performing D. performed16. A. houser B.flat C. system D. structure肖永贺李红梅2010级ESP工程英语A 4217. A. how B. past C.future D. time18. A. resident B.residence C. living D. lives19. A. owner B. user C. seller D.buyer20. A. English B. Chinese C. design D. workPar ⅣTranslation (2*15=30’）Directions: translate the following two parts into Chinese.1. Building codes tell how far apart building must be and the types of materials that must be used in construction. Such codes are generally passed to protect people. For example, if a house was to catch fire, other houses should be spaced far enough away, to which the fire will not spread. By moving the house back from the street some distance and keeping it apart from other houses, fire is kept from spreading and fire equipment can get tothe house that is on fire. The plan for all new construction must be approvedby officials of the building department before the construction begins. These some officials should have the right of entering property at all times. They must be able to inspect all the equipment, materials, and workmanship before the building is approved for occupancy. If the equipments, materials or workmanship do not meet the standards of the building code, the officials have the right to cease the construction until the necessary changes are made.2. LayoutDrawings should be laidout in a neat and legible format, with plan views in the upper left corner of the sheet. If feasible, the northerly direction should be at the top of the sheet; if not, then it should b to the left side. Sections, details, and elevations should be grouped either below or to the right of the plans. Key plans should be placed just to the left of the title blockat the bottom of the sheet. Any arrow indicting north should be placed beside the key plan.ScalesDrawing scales must be of reasonable size to clearly indicate details. The scales used must be shown on all drawing title blocks. If two or more scales are used on a drawing, they should be shown under the title of each view.Bar listsThe bar list fills a dual purpose. From the information supplied on it, the fabricator is able to produce the reinforcing steel in the length and shape required. Secondly, it acts as a means of identifying the finished material for field use. Note that for clarity, bar marks should not be duplicated.A3 4肖永贺李红梅答题卷题号Part I Part II Part III Part IV 总分统分人得分Part I. Vocabulary and Structure (1’ｘ20=20’) 得分| |阅卷人| 1 ○A○B○C○D 2 ○A○B○C○D 3 ○A○B○C○D 4 ○A○B○C○D 5 ○A○B○C○D6 ○A○B○C○D7 ○A○B○C○D8 ○A○B○C○D9 ○A○B○C○D10 ○A○B○C○D11 ○A○B○C○D12 ○A○B○C○D13○A○B○C○D14○A○B○C○D15 ○A○B○C○D16 ○A○B○C○D17 ○A○B○C○D18○A○B○C○D19○A○B○C○D20○A○B○C○D Part II. Professional Words or Expressions(2*15=30)得分| |阅卷人| 1. ____________ 2. ____________ 3. ____________4. ____________5. ____________6. ____________7. ____________ 8. ____________ 9. ____________10. ____________ 11. ____________ 12. ____________ 13. ____________ 14. ____________ 15. ____________ Part III. Cloze (1’ｘ20=20’) 得分| |阅卷人| 1 ○A○B○C○D 2 ○A○B○C○D 3 ○A○B○C○D 4 ○A○B○C○D 5 ○A○B○C○D6 ○A○B○C○D7 ○A○B○C○D8 ○A○B○C○D9 ○A○B○C○D10 ○A○B○C○D11 ○A○B○C○D12 ○A○B○C○D13○A○B○C○D14○A○B○C○D15○A○B○C○D16 ○A○B○C○D17 ○A○B○C○D18○A○B○C○D19○A○B○C○D20○A○B○C○D Part IV. Translation (2’ｘ15=30’) 得分| |阅卷人| 1.2.A2010级ESP工程英语李红梅4 4ReferencesPart I. Vocabulary and Structure (1’ｘ20=20’）1-5 ABCDD 6-10 CBAAD11-15 ACBAD 16-20 DCBACPart ⅡProfessional Words or Expressions (2*15=30’）1. 地基2. 活载 3 恒载 4 钢筋混凝土5 预应力混凝土6 吊桥7 跨度8 建筑规范 9 垂直面 10 材料力学11 土壤力学 12 地心引力 13 桥面14 土木工程 15 道砟Part III. Cloze (1’ｘ20=20’)1 - 5 ABCDD 6-10 CBAAB11-15 ACBAD 15-20 DCBACPart IV. Translation (2’ｘ15=30’)1.建筑规范还有助于详细提出在建筑物中可以使用什么样的建筑材料。

(NEW)2011-2012学年高三英语起点考试试卷(附答案及听力材料)(湖北省重点中学)网页版_高三试卷

第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案划在试卷上。

录音内容结束后。

你将有两分钟的时间将卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题：每题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听完每段对话后，你都有15秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话只读一遍。

1.How much did the man pay for the cap?A.Ten dollars.B.Forty dollars.C.Fifty dollars2.Where is the man going to plant the tree?A.By the front door.B.At the back of the garageC.At the other end of the garden.3.What did the man mean?A.He quite agreed with the woman.B.He enjoyed the lecture the whole time.C.The lecture was more than one hour long.4.What does the man really want to do?A.To read the advertisement.B.To meet the manager.C.To take the job.5.What‘s the time now?A.8:30.B.8:00.C.9:00.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

听每段对话或独白前.你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

2011年12月英语三级(A)答案

------------------【1 号答案】-------------------------------作文Ⅴ：Natural Disasters- 自然灾害1自然灾害频繁发生，给人类带来了巨大的损失。

2在自然灾害面前，我们该怎么做?In the past hundred years, there have heen frequent natural disasters, such as floods, droughts, mud-rock flows, seismic sea waves, earthquakes, windstorms and the stretching of new deserts. Thedisasters have killed millions upon millions of people, destroyed countless homes, and wiped outnumerous pieces of fertile land.Now more and more people become aware that those disasters have much to do with what we have------------------【2 号答案】-------------------------------一选择:1highest2would not have caused3latter4including5characteristic6Forgetful7convenience8unexpectde9millionaire10could fly二填空1putting2would not make3does he say4to repair5pulled on6has painted7turned out8on the way9only take a bus10complaint三阅读理解Task11. I was still lusting in my heart after other ladies2. from 1960 to 19693.illness caused by her job….4 it denied her any clerical support5 are given work that they are unable to doTask2 1 tell the nature of life learning2 no co------------------【3 号答案】-------------------------------A卷和B 卷有区别你们看单词选答案。

2011年全国职称英语等级考试真题及答案理工类

2011年全国职称英语等级考试真题及答案理工类DA limitB systemC procedureD status11 She always finds fault with everything.A simplifiesB evaluatesC examinesD criticizes12 The view from my bedroom window was absolutely spectacular.A magnificentB generalC traditionalD strong13 At that time，we did not fully grasp the significance of what had happened.A giveB understandC attachD lose14 They converted the spare bedroom into an office.A reducedB movedC turnedD reformed15 Jane said that she couldn't tolerate the long hours.A spendB takeC lastD stand第2部分：阅读判断（第16-22题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C.Lakes, Too, Feel Global WarmingThere's no doubt: In the last few decades, the average temperature on Earth has been higher than it's been in hundreds of years. Around the world, people are starting to measure the effects of global warming - and trying to figure out what to do about it.Scientists recently used satellites to study the temperatures of lakes around the world, and they found that lakes are heating up.Between 1985 and 2009, satellites recordedthe nighttime temperatures of the surfaces of 167 lakes. During those 24 years, the lakes got warmer - by an average of about 0.045 degree Celsius per year.In some places, lakes have been warming by as much as 0.10 degree Celsius per year. At that rate, a lake may warm by a full degree Celsius, or 1.8 degrees Fahrenheit, in just 10 years. That difference may seem small - you might not even notice it in your bathtub. But in a lake, slightly warmer temperatures could mean more algae, and algae can make the lake poisonous to fish.The study shows that in some regions, lakes are warming faster than the air around them. This is important because scientists often use measurements of air temperature to study how the Earth is warming. By using lake temperatures as well, scientists can get a better picture of global warming.The scientists say data on lakes give scientists a new way to measure the impact of climate change around the world.That's going to be useful, since no country is too big or too small to ignore climate change. Scientists aren't the only ones concerned. Everyone who lives on Earth is going to be affected by therapidwarming of the planet.Many world leaders believe we might be able to do something about it, especially by reducing the amount of greenhouse gases we put into the air.That's why the United Nations started the Framework Convention on Climate Change, or UNFCCC. Every year the convention meets, and representatives from countries around the world gather to talk about climate change and discuss global solutions to the challenges of a warming world.16 Scientist have been keeping records of lake temperatures for over 30 years.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned17 The temperatures of lakes around the world have increased greatly between 1985 and 2009.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned18 Lakes seem to be warming faster in Asia.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned19 A slight temperature increase in a lake could be harmful to fish.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned20 Scientists generally focus on air temperatures when studying global warming.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned21 Globle warming is less threatening to small countries.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned22 UNFCCC's annual meeting will be held in Mexico this year.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个最佳标题；（2）第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。

2011年、2012年、2013年考研英语(一)试题完整版合集附答案

2011年、2012年、2013年考研英语（一）试题合集(完整版附答案)2011年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section Ⅰ Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as "a bodily exercise precious to health." But 1 some claims to the contrary, laughing probably has little influence on physical fitness. Laughter does 2 short-term changes in the function of the heart and its blood vessels, 3 heart rate and oxygen consumption. But because hard laughter is difficult to 4 , a good laugh is unlikely to have 5 benefits the way, say, walking or jogging does.6 ,instead of straining muscles to build them, as exercise does, laughter apparently accomplishes the7 . Studies dating back to the 1930’s indicate that laughter8 muscles, decreasing muscle tone for up to 45 minutes after the laugh dies down.Such bodily reaction might conceivably help 9 the effects of psychological stress. Anyway, the act of laughing probably does produce other types of 10 feedback, that improve an individual's emotional state. 11 one classical theory of emotion, our feelings are partially rooted 12 physical reactions. It was argued at the end of the 19th century that humans do not cry 13 they are sad but that they become sad when the tears begin to flow.Although sadness also 14 tears, evidence suggests that emotions can flow 15 muscular responses. In an experiment published in 1988, social psychologist Fritz Strack of the University of Würzburg in Germany asked volunteers to 16 a pen either with their teeth—thereby creating an artificial smile—or with their lips, which would produce a(n) 17 expression. Those forced to exercise their smiling muscles 18 more enthusiastically to funny cartoons than did those whose mouths were contracted in a frown, 19 that expressions may influence emotions rather than just the other way around. 20 , the physical act of laughter could improve mood. [289 words]1. [A] among[B] except[C] despite[D] like2. [A] reflect[B] demand[C] indicate[D] produce3. [A] stabilizing[B] boosting[C] impairing[D] determining4. [A] transmit[B] sustain[C] evaluate[D] observe5. [A] measurable[B] manageable[C] affordable[D] renewable6. [A] In turn[B] In fact[C] In addition[D] In brief7. [A] opposite[B] impossible[C] average[D] expected8. [A] hardens[B] weakens[C] tightens[D] relaxes9. [A] aggravate[B] generate[C] moderate[D] enhance10. [A] physical[B] mental[C] subconscious[D] internal11. [A] Except for[B] According to[C] Due to[D] As for12. [A] with[B] on[C] in[D] at13. [A] unless[B] until[C] if[D] because14. [A] exhausts[B] follows[C] precedes[D] suppresses15. [A] into[B] from[C] towards[D] beyond16. [A] fetch[B] bite[C] pick[D] hold17. [A] disappointed[B] excited[C] joyful[D] indifferent18. [A] adapted[B] catered[C] turned[D] reacted19. [A] suggesting[B] requiring[C] mentioning[D] supposing20. [A] Eventually[B] Consequently[C] Similarly[D] ConverselySection Ⅰ Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1．(40 points)Text 1The decision of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its next music director has been the talk of the classical-music world ever since the sudden announcement of his appointment n 2009．For the most part, the response has been favorable, to say the least. "Hooray! At last!" wrote Anthony Tommasini, a sober-sided classical-music critic.One of the reasons why the appointment came as such a surprise, however, is that Gilbert is comparatively little known. Even Tommasini, who had advocated Gilbert's appointment in the Times, calls him "an unpretentious musician with no air of the formidable conductor about him." As a description of the next music director of an orchestra that has hitherto been led by musicians like Gustav Mahler and Pierre Boulez, that seems likely to have struck at least some Times readers as faint praise.For my part, I have no idea whether Gilbert is a great conductor or even a good one. To be sure, he performs an impressive variety of interesting compositions, but it is not necessary for me to visit Avery Fisher Hall, or anywhere else, to hear interesting orchestral music. All I have to do is to go to my CD shelf, or boot up my computer and download still more recorded music from iTunes.Devoted concertgoers who reply that recordings are no substitute for live performance are missing the point. For the time, attention, and money of the art-loving public, classical instrumentalists must compete not only with opera houses, dance troupes, theater companies, and museums, but also with the recorded performances of the great classical musicians of the 20th century. These recordings are cheap, available everywhere, and very often much higher in artistic quality than today's live performances; moreover, they can be "consumed" at a time and place of the listener's choosing. The widespread availability of such recordings has thus brought about a crisis in the institution of the traditional classical concert.One possible response is for classical performers to program attractive new music that is not yet available on record. Gilbert's own interest in new music has been widely noted: Alex Ross, a classical-music critic, has described him as a man who is capable of turning the Philharmonic into "a markedly different, more vibrant organization." But what will be the nature of that difference? Merely expanding the orchestra's repertoire will not be enough. If Gilbert and the Philharmonic are to succeed, they must first change the relationship between America's oldest orchestra and the new audience it hopes to attract.21.We learn from Paragraph 1 that Gilbert’s appointment has .[A] incurred criticism [B] raised suspicion[C] received acclaim [D] aroused curiosity22.Tommasini regards Gilbert as an artist who is .[A] influential [B] modest[C] respectable [D] talented23.The author believes that the devoted concertgoers .[A] ignore the expenses of live performances[B] reject most kinds of recorded performances[C] exaggerate the variety of live performances[D] overestimate the value of live performances24.According to the text, which of the following is true of recordings?[A] They are often inferior to live concerts in quality.[B] They are easily accessible to the general public.[C] They help improve the quality of music.[D] They have only covered masterpieces.25.Regarding Gilbert’s role in revitalizing the Philharmonic, the author feels .[A] doubtful [B] enthusiastic[C] confident [D] puzzledText 2When Liam McGee departed as president of Bank of America in August, his explanation was surprisingly straight up. Rather than cloaking his exit in the usual vague excuses, he came right out and said he was leaving "to pursue my goal of running a company." Broadcasting his ambition was "very much my decision," McGee says. Within two weeks, he was talking for the first time with the board of Hartford Financial Services Group, which named him CEO and chairman on September 29.McGee says leaving without a position lined up gave him time to reflect on what kind of company he wanted to run. It also sent a clear message to the outside world about his aspirations. And McGee isn't alone. In recent weeks the No.2 executives at Avon and American Express quit with the explanation that they were looking for a CEO post. As boards scrutinize succession plans in response to shareholder pressure, executives who don't get the nod also may wish to move on. A turbulent business environment also has senior managers cautious of letting vague pronouncements cloud their reputations.As the first signs of recovery begin to take hold, deputy chiefs may be more willing to make the jump without a net. In the third quarter, CEO turnover was down 23% from a year ago as nervous boards stuck with the leaders they had, according to Liberum Research. As the economy picks up, opportunities will abound for aspiring leaders.The decision to quit a senior position to look for a better one is unconventional. For years executives and headhunters have adhered to the rule that the most attractive CEO candidates are the ones who must be poached. Says Korn/Ferry senior partner Dennis Carey: "I can't think of a single search I've done where a board has not instructed me to look at sitting CEOs first."Those who jumped without a job haven't always landed in top positions quickly. Ellen Marram quit as chief of Tropicana a decade ago, saying she wanted to be a CEO. It was a year before she became head of a tiny Internet-based commodities exchange. Robert Willumstad left Citigroup in 2005 with ambitions to be a CEO. He finally took that post at a major financial institution three years later.Many recruiters say the old disgrace is fading for top performers. The financial crisis has made it more acceptable to be between jobs or to leave a bad one. "The traditional rule was it'ssafer to stay where you are, but that's been fundamentally inverted," says one headhunter. "The people who've been hurt the worst are those who've stayed too long."26.When McGee announced his departure, his manner can best be described as being .[A] arrogant [B] frank[C] self-centered [D] impulsive27.According to Paragraph 2, senior executives’ quitting may be spurred by .[A] their expectation of better financial status[B] their need to reflect on their private life[C] their strained relations with the boards[D] their pursuit of new career goals28.The word "poached" (Line 3, Paragraph 4) most probably means .[A] approved of [B] attended to[C] hunted for [D] guarded against29.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that .[A] top performers used to cling to their posts[B] loyalty of top performers is getting out-dated[C] top performers care more about reputations[D] it’s safer to stick to the traditional rules30.Which of the following is the best title for the text?[A] CEOs: Where to Go?[B] CEOs: All the Way Up?[C] Top Managers Jump without a Net[D] The Only Way Out for Top PerformersText 3The rough guide to marketing success used to be that you got what you paid for. No longer. While traditional "paid" media—such as television commercials and print advertisements—still play a major role, companies today can exploit many alternative forms of media. Consumers passionate about a product may create "earned" media by willingly promoting it to friends, and a company may leverage "owned" media by sending e-mail alerts about products and sales to customers registered with its Web site. The way consumers now approach the process of making purchase decisions means that marketing's impact stems from a broad range of factors beyond conventional paid media.Paid and owned media are controlled by marketers promoting their own products. For earned media, such marketers act as the initiator for users’ responses. But in some cases, one marketer's owned media become another marketer's paid media—for instance, when an e-commerce retailer sells ad space on its Web site. We define such sold media as owned media whose traffic is so strong that other organizations place their content or e-commerce engines within that environment. This trend, which we believe is still in its infancy, effectively began with retailers and travel providers such as airlines and hotels and will no doubt go further. Johnson & Johnson, for example, has created BabyCenter, a stand-alone media property that promotes complementary and even competitive products. Besides generating income, the presence of other marketers makes the site seem objective, gives companies opportunities to learn valuable information about the appeal of other companies’ marketing, and may help expand user traffic for all companies concerned.The same dramatic technological changes that have provided marketers with more (and more diverse) communications choices have also increased the risk that passionate consumers will voice their opinions in quicker, more visible, and much more damaging ways. Such hijacked media are the opposite of earned media: an asset or campaign becomes hostage to consumers, otherstakeholders, or activists who make negative allegations about a brand or product. Members of social networks, for instance, are learning that they can hijack media to apply pressure on the businesses that originally created them.If that happens, passionate consumers would try to persuade others to boycott products, putting the reputation of the target company at risk. In such a case, the company's response may not be sufficiently quick or thoughtful, and the learning curve has been steep. Toyota Motor, for example, alleviated some of the damage from its recall crisis earlier this year with a relatively quick and well-orchestrated social-media response campaign, which included efforts to engage with consumers directly on sites such as Twitter and the social-news site Digg. [443 words]31.Consumers may create "earned" media when they are .[A] obsessed with online shopping at certain Web sites[B] inspired by product-promoting e-mails sent to them[C] eager to help their friends promote quality products[D] enthusiastic about recommending their favorite products32.According to Paragraph 2, sold media feature .[A] a safe business environment[B] random competition[C] strong user traffic [D] flexibility in organization33.The author indicates in Paragraph 3 that earned media .[A] invite constant conflicts with passionate consumers[B] can be used to produce negative effects in marketing[C] may be responsible for fiercer competition[D] deserve all the negative comments about them34.Toyota Motor’s experience is cited as an example of .[A] responding effectively to hijacked media[B] persuading customers into boycotting products[C] cooperating with supportive consumers[D] taking advantage of hijacked media35.Which of the following is the text mainly about ?[A] Alternatives to conventional paid media.[B] Conflict between hijacked and earned media.[C] Dominance of hijacked media.[D] Popularity of owned media.Text 4It's no surprise that Jennifer Senior's insightful, provocative magazine cover story, "I love My Children, I Hate My Life," is arousing much chatter—nothing gets people talking like the suggestion that child rearing is anything less than a completely fulfilling, life-enriching experience. Rather than concluding that children make parents either happy or miserable, Senior suggests we need to redefine happiness: instead of thinking of it as something that can be measured by moment-to-moment joy, we should consider being happy as a past-tense condition. Even though the day-to-day experience of raising kids can be soul-crushingly hard, Senior writes that "the very things that in the moment dampen our moods can later be sources of intense gratification and delight."The magazine cover showing an attractive mother holding a cute baby is hardly the onlyMadonna-and-child image on newsstands this week. There are also stories about newly adoptive — and newly single—mom Sandra Bullock, as well as the usual "Jennifer Aniston is pregnant" news. Practically every week features at least one celebrity mom, or mom-to-be, smiling on the newsstands.In a society that so persistently celebrates procreation, is it any wonder that admitting you regret having children is equivalent to admitting you support kitten-killing? It doesn't seem quite fair, then, to compare the regrets of parents to the regrets of the childless. Unhappy parents rarely are provoked to wonder if they shouldn't have had kids, but unhappy childless folks are bothered with the message that children are the single most important thing in the world: obviously their misery must be a direct result of the gaping baby-size holes in their lives.Of course, the image of parenthood that celebrity magazines like Us Weekly and People present is hugely unrealistic, especially when the parents are single mothers like Bullock. According to several studies concluding that parents are less happy than childless couples, single parents are the least happy of all. No shock there, considering how much work it is to raise a kid without a partner to lean on; yet to hear Sandra and Britney tell it, raising a kid on their "own" (read: with round-the-clock help) is a piece of cake.It's hard to imagine that many people are dumb enough to want children just because Reese and Angelina make it look so glamorous: most adults understand that a baby is not a haircut. But it's interesting to wonder if the images we see every week of stress-free, happiness-enhancing parenthood aren't in some small, subconscious way contributing to our own dissatisfactions with the actual experience, in the same way that a small part of us hoped getting "the Rachel" might make us look just a little bit like Jennifer Aniston. [450 words]36.Jennifer Senior suggests in her article that raising a child can bring .[A] temporary delight [B] enjoyment in progress[C] happiness in retrospect [D] lasting reward37.We learn from Paragraph 2 that .[A] celebrity moms are a permanent source for gossip[B] single mothers with babies deserve greater attention[C] news about pregnant celebrities is entertaining[D] having children is highly valued by the public38.It is suggested in Paragraph 3 that childless folks .[A] are constantly exposed to criticism.[B] are largely ignored by the media.[C] fail to fulfill their social responsibilities.[D] are less likely to be satisfied with their life.39.According to Paragraph 4, the message conveyed by celebrity magazines is .[A] soothing [B] ambiguous.[C] compensatory [D] misleading.40.Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph?[A] Having children contributes little to the glamour of celebrity moms.[B] Celebrity moms have influenced our attitude towards child rearing.[C] Having children intensifies our dissatisfaction with life.[D] We sometimes neglect the happiness from child rearing.Part BDirections:The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For Questions 41—45, you are required to reorganize those paragraphs into a coherent text by choosing from the list A—G to filling them into the numbered boxes. Paragraphs E and G have been correctly placed. Mark your answers onANSWER SHEET 1．(10 points)[A] No disciplines have seized on professionalism with as much enthusiasm as the humanities. You can, Mr. Menand points out, became a lawyer in three years and a medical doctor in four. But the regular time to get a doctoral degree in the humanities is nine years. Not surprisingly, up to half of all doctoral students in English drop out before getting their degrees.[B] His concern is mainly with the humanities: literature, languages, philosophy and so on. These are disciplines that are going out of style: 22% of American college graduates now major in business compared with only 2% in history and 4% in English. However, many leading American universities want their undergraduates to have a grounding in the basic canon of ideas that every educated person should possess. But most find it difficult to agree on what a "general education" should look like. At Harvard, Mr. Menand notes, "the great books are read because they have been read"—they form a sort of social glue.[C] Equally unsurprisingly, only about half end up with professorships for which they entered graduate school. There are simply too few posts. This is partly because universities continue to produce ever more PhDs. But fewer students want to study humanities subjects: English departments awarded more bachelor's degrees in 1970-71 than they did 20 years later. Fewer students require fewer teachers. So, at the end of a decade of thesis-writing, many humanities students leave the profession to do something for which they have not been trained.[D] One reason why it is hard to design and teach such courses is that they cut across the insistence by top American universities that liberal-arts educations and professional education should be kept separate, taught in different schools. Many students experience both varieties. Although more than half of Harvard undergraduates end up in law, medicine or business, future doctors and lawyers must study a non-specialist liberal-arts degree before embarking on a professional qualification.[E] Besides professionalising the professions by this separation, top American universities have professionalised the professor. The growth in public money for academic research has speeded the process: federal research grants rose fourfold between 1960 and 1990, but faculty teaching hours fell by half as research took its toll. Professionalism has turned the acquisition of a doctoral degree into a prerequisite for a successful academic career: as late as 1969 a third of American professors did not possess one. But the key idea behind professionalisation, argues Mr. Menand, is that "the knowledge and skills needed for a particular specialization are transmissible but not transferable. "So disciplines acquire a monopoly not just over the production of knowledge, but also over the production of the producers of knowledge.[F] The key to reforming higher education, concludes Mr. Menand, is to alter the way in which "the producers of knowledge are produced."Otherwise, academics will continue to think dangerously alike, increasingly detached from the societies which they study, investigate and criticise. "Academic inquiry, at least in some fields, may need to become less exclusionary and more holistic." Yet quite how that happens, Mr. Menand does not say.[G] The subtle and intelligent little book The Marketplace of Ideas: Reform and Resistance in the American University should be read by every student thinking of applying to take a doctoral degree. They may then decide to go elsewhere. For something curious has been happening in American Universities, and Louis Menand, a professor of English at Harvard University, captures it skillfully.G → 41．→ 42．→ E → 43．→ 44．→ 45．Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written carefully on ANSWER SHEET 2．(10 points)With its theme that "Mind is the master weaver," creating our inner character and outer circumstances, the book As a Man Thinking by James Allen is an in-depth exploration of the central idea of self-help writing.(46)Allen's contribution was to take an assumption we all share—that because we are not robots we therefore control our thoughts —and reveal its erroneous nature. Because most of us believe that mind is separate from matter, we think that thoughts can be hidden and made powerless; this allows us to think one way and act another. However, Allen believed that the unconscious mind generates as much action as the conscious mind, and (47)while we may be able to sustain the illusion of control through the conscious mind alone, in reality we are continually faced with a question: "Why cannot I make myself do this or achieve that?"Since desire and will are damaged by the presence of thoughts that do not accord with desire, Allen concluded: "We do not attract what we want, but what we are." Achievement happens because you as a person embody the external achievement; you don’t "get" success but become it. There is no gap between mind and matter.Part of the fame of Allen’s book is its contention that "Circumstances do not make a person, they reveal him."(48)This seems a justification for neglect of those in need, and a rationalization of exploitation, of the superiority of those at the top and the inferiority of those at the bottom.This, however, would be a knee-jerk reaction to a subtle argument. Each set of circumstances, however bad, offers a unique opportunity for growth. If circumstances always determined the life and prospects of people, then humanity would never have progressed. In fact, (49)circumstances seem to be designed to bring out the best in us and if we feel that we have been "wronged" then we are unlikely to begin a conscious effort to escape from our situation. Nevertheless, as any biographer knows, a person’s early life and its conditions are often the greatest gift to an individual.The sobering aspect of Allen's book is that we have no one else to blame for our present condition except ourselves. (50)The upside is the possibilities contained in knowing that everything is up to us; where before we were experts in the array of limitations, now we become authorities of what is possible.Section Ⅰ WritingPart A51.Directions:Write a letter to a friend of yours to1)recommend one of your favorite movies and2)give reasons for your recommendationYou should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2．Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)Part B52.Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should1)describe the drawing briefly,2)explain its intended meaning, and3)give your comments.You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2．(20 points)2011年全真试题答案Section ⅠUse of English1.C2.D3.B4.B5.A6.B7.A8.D9.C 10.A45．B 12.C 13.D 14.C 15.B 16.D 17.A 18.D 19.A 20.CSection ⅠReading ComprehensionPart AText 1 21.C22.B 23.D 24.B 25.AText 2 26.B 27.D 28.C 29.A 30.CText 3 31.D 32.C 33.B 34.A 35.AText 4 36.C 37.D38.A 39.D 40.BPart B41.B 42.D 43.A 44.C 45.FPart C46．艾伦的贡献在于，他拿出“我们并非机器人，因此能掌控自己的思想”这一公认的假设，并揭示了其谬误所在。

The History of English Literature(2011-2012)(1)

1. good and perfect classroom performances. (20%) 2. assignment completion. (10%) 3. final examination. (70%)
1. What is Literature?
Literature refers to the practice and profession of writing. It comes from human interest in telling a story, in arranging words in artistic forms, in describing in words some aspects of human experiences. Literature is characterized by beauty of expression and form and by university of intellectual and emotional appeal. Literature shows us not only what a society is like in a certain age, but also what individual feel about it, what they hope from it, and how they can change it or escape from it.
Language: Anglo-Saxon (Old English) Society: from tribal society to feudalism Belief: christianity (7th century) Literature: poetry

2011-2012-1大学英语1A卷

期末试卷生注意事项：请考生将客观题答案填涂在机读卡上，答题卡不要折叠，请使用 HB 或 2B 铅笔填涂(不要涂得过浓)，钢笔或圆珠笔填写的一律作废，后果自负；答题卡上试卷类型一律填 A，考号为学生证号，共计 9 位数字，不要填错。只交答题卡和答题纸，其余试卷考生自行处理。 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
考试课程：
Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(10 points)
Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet. Make yourself More Lively 1. Exercise During the Day There are plenty of great reasons to exercise, and I won’t rehash them all here. Many people, though, find that exercising helps them to sleep well at night----yet another health-boosting benefit. If you’re struggling to fit exercise into your day, try looking for ways to get active in your lunch hour or straight after work. If exercise forms a natural part of your routine, you’ll be much more likely to stick with it. 2. Stop Work in the middle of a Task Sometimes, even when we do manage to get up on time, we’re just not in the mood to rock! At the end of the day, try stopping work in the middle of a task. If you’re a writer, that might mean ending part way through an article; if you are a programmer, it may mean leaving something that you can easily come back to. The advantage here is that instead of building up the energy to get stuck in on something new----where you haven’t already gathered momentum----you’ve got an easy little task to start off your day and to get you straight into working, diminishing the urge to procrastinate. 3. Avoid Caffeine in the Evening Drinking tea, coffee, cola or other caffeinated drinks in the evening is almost certainly going to have a bad effect on your sleep. Everyone’s a bit different here, but it’s worth setting yourself a clear “caffeine curfew”. I used to drink tea at 6:30 p.m. after work each evening but I quickly found that this wasn’t helping me get to sleep on time! Now, I rarely drink anything caffeinated after 4pm, and that works for me. Post-dinner coffee is definitely a habit to get out of----if you like it for the taste or the social aspect, try decaffeinated instead. 4. Set out your clothes the night before When I wake up in the morning, even deciding what to wear can be enough effort to keep me under the covers！ that’s you, try setting your clothes out the night before: decide exactly what you’re wearing and hang your If clothes at the far edge of your closet, or over a chair or on a door. It might seem like a little thing, but waking up ready to rock means taking care of as many decisions as possible before that moment when you’re looking for any excuse to hit “snooze”. 5. Don’t eat a heavy dinner You’ve probably had the experience of eating a big dinner and then finding that your stomach is uncomfortably full, gurgling and churning as it digests your food. This definitely isn’t a good start to a night’s sleep. You could eat a bit earlier in the evening, or simply eat a lighter meal at dinner time. Don’t go too light, though----wake up at 3:00 a.m. because you are hungry won’t do much for your sleep either. A happy balance here depends very much on you as an individual, so experiment a little to find what works. 6. Journal or read before bed Many of us find it hard to “switch off” at the end of the day, often lying awake thinking about all the stuff that we didn’t get done, or worrying about what’s coming up the following day. A couple of great ways to deal with problem are: Write in a journal before you go to bed----get any problems out of your head and onto the paper. Often, this is enough to ensure that they are not preying on your mind when you try to sleep. Read a book, preferably fiction ---- this is a great way to forget what’s been going on during the day, and to do something relaxing before you sleep. 7. Know what you are doing first

2011英语高考试题及答案

2011英语高考试题及答案2011年英语高考试题及答案[Introduction]The year 2011 marked an important milestone for students taking the English proficiency exam in China. This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the 2011 English high school entrance exam questions and model answers. Divided into sections based on different question types, this article presents the questions and provides detailed explanations for each correct answer.[Section 1: Listening Comprehension]Listening Comprehension is an essential part of the English high school entrance exam. It tests students' ability to understand spoken English. In the 2011 exam, students listened to a series of conversations and monologues and answered questions based on what they heard. Here are two sample questions:Question 1:Woman: What do you think of the new movie they're showing at the cinema?Man: I thought it was great. The story was interesting, and the special effects were amazing.What does the man say about the movie?A. He was entertained by the story.B. The movie was boring.C. The special effects were terrible.D. The cinema was great.Answer: A. He was entertained by the story.Explanation: The man expresses his positive opinion about the movie by mentioning its interesting story and amazing special effects.Question 2:Man: Could you tell me where the nearest post office is?Woman: Sure. Go straight down this road, and you'll see it on your right, next to the bank.What does the woman advise the man to do?A. Turn right at the bank.B. Walk past the bank on the left.C. Keep walking straight.D. Go to the bank first.Answer: C. Keep walking straight.Explanation: The woman instructs the man to continue walking in the same direction without making any turns until he sees the post office on his right.[Section 2: Reading Comprehension]Reading Comprehension evaluates students' ability to understand written English. The 2011 English high school entrance exam contained passages on various topics, followed by multiple-choice questions. Let's look at two sample questions:Passage 1:We all know that education is important, but what about practical skills? In today's highly competitive world, having practical skills can give you an edge in the job market. Practical skills can include anything from computer programming to carpentry. When considering what type of education to pursue, it is crucial to balance academic knowledge with practical skills.Question 1:What is the main idea of the passage?A. Academic knowledge is more important than practical skills.B. Practical skills are essential in today's job market.C. Carpentry is the most valuable practical skill.D. Computer programming is necessary for success.Answer: B. Practical skills are essential in today's job market.Explanation: The passage highlights the importance of practical skills in the current highly competitive job market.Passage 2:Lena used to spend several hours a day playing video games. When she realized how much time she was wasting, she decided to make a change.Now, instead of playing video games, Lena uses that time to learn new skills like playing the piano and painting. Not only has her productivity increased, but she has also discovered new hobbies that bring her joy.Question 2:What positive outcome did Lena experience after changing her habits?A. She wasted less time.B. She became a professional gamer.C. She lost interest in video games.D. She quit playing altogether.Answer: A. She wasted less time.Explanation: The passage states that Lena decided to change her habit of playing video games and now uses her time more productively.[Section 3: Writing]The Writing section of the 2011 English high school entrance exam required students to express their ideas in written form. They were provided with prompts and had to write essays or short responses accordingly.Writing Prompt: Write an essay about the benefits of reading books.Model Answer:Reading books offers a multitude of benefits to individuals. Firstly, reading enhances our knowledge. By delving into various genres such as history, science, and literature, readers acquire a wealth of information.Secondly, reading improves vocabulary and language skills, which are invaluable in both academic and professional settings. Furthermore, reading fosters creativity, as it exposes readers to diverse perspectives and stimulates the imagination. Finally, reading books provides relaxation and serves as an escape from the stress of everyday life. In conclusion, reading books enriches our lives in numerous ways and is, therefore, highly recommended for everyone.[Conclusion]In conclusion, the 2011 English high school entrance exam included sections on Listening Comprehension, Reading Comprehension, and Writing. This article provided an overview of the exam by presenting sample questions and model answers. By familiarizing themselves with the exam format and practicing with these questions, students can better prepare for future English proficiency exams.。

(2021年整理)2011-2012学年第一学期考试试卷A卷

2011-2012学年第一学期考试试卷A卷(推荐完整)编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（2011-2012学年第一学期考试试卷A卷(推荐完整)）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。

同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈，这将是我们进步的源泉，前进的动力。

本文可编辑可修改，如果觉得对您有帮助请收藏以便随时查阅，最后祝您生活愉快业绩进步，以下为2011-2012学年第一学期考试试卷A卷(推荐完整)的全部内容。

2011—2012学年第一学期考试试卷A卷(推荐完整）编辑整理：张嬗雒老师尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布到文库，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是我们任然希望 2011-2012学年第一学期考试试卷A卷（推荐完整) 这篇文档能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。

同时我们也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈到下面的留言区，这将是我们进步的源泉，前进的动力。

本文可编辑可修改，如果觉得对您有帮助请下载收藏以便随时查阅，最后祝您生活愉快业绩进步，以下为〈2011—2012学年第一学期考试试卷A卷(推荐完整）〉这篇文档的全部内容。

2011-2012学年第一学期考试试卷A卷考试科目财务管理考试方式闭完成时限2小时一、选择题.（本大题共10小题，每小题2分,共20分)1、企业同其债务人之间的财务关系是（B）A．经营权和所有权的关系B．债权债务关系C．投资与受资关系D．债务债权关系2、资产负债表不提供下列( C ）财务信息A．资产结构B．负债水平C．经营成果D．资金来源情况3、当两种股票完全负相关时，则把这两种股票合理地组合在一起时（ D ）A．能适当分散风险B．不能分散风险C．能分散一部分风险D．能分散全部非系统性风险4、计算营业现金流量时，每年净现金流量可按下列公式的( B ）来计算A．NCF＝每年营业收入－付现成本B．NCF＝每年营业收入－付现成本－所得税C．NCF＝净利＋折旧＋所得税 D．NCF＝净利＋折旧－所得税5、经济批量是指（ D )A．采购成本最低的采购批量B．订货成本最低的采购批量C．储存成本最低的采购批量D．存货总成本最低的采购批量6、如果某企业的信用条件是“2/10，N/30”,则丧失该现金折扣的资金成本为（D）A．36％B．18％C．35.29％D．36。

2011理工类A级真题及答案

2011年职称英语考试理工类A级真题及答案一、词汇选项1. For some obscure reason, the simple game is becoming very popular.A. unclearB. obviousC. majorD. minor2. The sea turtle’s natural habit at has been considerably reduced.A greatlyB suddenlyC generallyD slightly3.I got a note from Moira urging me to get in touch.A instructingB notifyingC pushingD inviting4.It is possible to approach the problem in a different way.A raiseB poseC experienceD handle5.The decision to invade provoked storms of protest。

A ignoredB organizedC causedD received6.Jane said that she couldn’t tolerate the long hours.A spendB takeC lastD stand7. At 80,Peck was still vigorous and living in Paris.A energetic Bhappy C alone D busy8.Forester stared at his car，trembling with rage.A shakingB turningC jumping Dshouting9.A young man is being hailed a hero tonight after rescuing two children.A reportedB proved Cpraised D caught10.I wanted to ask her out but was scared that she might refuse.A anxiousB sureC sadD afraid11.At that time, we did not fullygrasp the significance of what had happened.A giveB attachC loseD understand12.Anderson left the table，remarking that he had some work to do .A doubtingB sayingC thinkingD knowing13.He asserted that nuclear power was a safe and non-polluting energy source.A maintainedB recommendedC consideredD acknowledged14.The study also notes a steady decline in the number of college students taking science courses.A relativeB generalC continuousD sharp15.She always finds fault with everything,A criticizesB simplifiesC evaluatesD examines第二部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断；如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。