高级英语Book5学习资料lesson1

LessonOne Salvation1. 课文译文救赎兰斯顿.休斯在我快13岁那年，我的灵魂得到了拯救，然而并不是真正意义上的救赎。

事情是这样的。

那时我的阿姨里德所在的教堂正在举行一场盛大的宗教复兴晚会。

数个星期以来每个夜晚，人们在那里讲道，唱诵，祈祷。

连一些罪孽深重的人都获得了耶稣的救赎，教堂的成员一下子增多了。

就在复兴晚会结束之前，他们为孩子们举行了一次特殊的集会——把小羊羔带回羊圈。

里德阿姨数日之前就开始和我提这件事。

那天晚上，我和其他还没有得到主宽恕的小忏悔者们被送去坐在教堂前排,那是为祷告的人安排的座椅。

我的阿姨告诉我说：“当你看到耶稣的时候，你看见一道光，然后感觉心里似乎有什么发生。

从此以后耶稣就进入了你的生命，他将与你同在。

你能够看见、听到、感受到他和你的灵魂融为一体。

”我相信里德阿姨说的，许多老人都这么说，似乎她们都应该知道。

尽管教堂里面拥挤而闷热，我依然静静地坐在那里，等待耶稣的到来。

布道师祷告，富有节奏，非常精彩。

呻吟、喊叫、寂寞的呼喊，还有地狱中令人恐怖的画面。

然后他唱了一首赞美诗。

诗中描述了99只羊都安逸的待在圈里，唯有一只被冷落在外。

唱完后他说道：“难道你不来吗？不来到耶稣身旁吗？小羊羔们，难道你们不来吗？”他向坐在祷告席上的小忏悔者们打开了双臂，小女孩们开始哭了，她们中有一些很快跳了起来，跑了过去。

我们大多数仍然坐在那里。

许多长辈过来跪在我们的身边开始祷告。

老妇人的脸像煤炭一样黑，头上扎着辫子，老爷爷的手因长年的劳作而粗糙皲裂。

他们吟唱着“点燃微弱的灯，让可怜的灵魂得到救赎”的诗歌。

整个教堂里到处都是祈祷者的歌声。

最后其他所有小忏悔者们都去了圣坛上，得到了救赎，除了一个男孩和依然静静地坐着等侯的我。

那个男孩是一个守夜人的儿子，名字叫威斯特里。

在我们的周围尽是祈祷的修女、执事。

教堂里异常闷热，天色也越来越暗了。

最后威斯特里小声对我说：“去他妈的上帝。

我再也坐不住了，我们站起来吧，就可以得到救赎了。

”于是他就站了起来，也因此得到了救赎。

祈祷席上只剩下我一个人孤零零的。

里德阿姨走过来，开始跪在我的旁边，小声哭泣。

祷告者的诵诗充满了整个教堂。

所有人都在为我一个人祈祷，时而呻吟时而呼号。

我依然很平静的等待耶稣，等待等待——可是他没有来。

我希望可以看见他，可是什么都没有发生。

我希望有些事发生，可什么都没有变化。

我听见大主教说：“为什么你不来呢？我亲爱的孩子，为什么你不来到耶稣身边？他正等着你。

他需要你。

为什么你不来呢？里德修女，这个孩子叫什么名字？”“休斯顿。

”我的阿姨啜泣着说。

“休斯顿，你为什么不过来得到救赎呢？上帝的小羊羔啊，你为什么不过来呢？”现在天真的黑了。

我开始惭愧，是自己把他们拖得这么晚。

我开始想上帝会怎么认为威斯特里。

他当然也没有看见主，但现在正骄傲地坐在圣坛上，晃着灯笼裤的褪，露齿嘲笑我。

周围围着一群跪着祈祷的老妇人。

上帝并没有因为他亵渎神灵或在教堂里撒谎而惩罚他。

所以我决定也许为了省去更多的麻烦，我最好也撒谎，说耶稣已经来了，然后站起来，得到救赎。

于是我站了起来。

整个屋子突然成了欢呼的海洋，当她们看见我站起来时。

欢呼声一阵接着一阵。

女人们跳了起来。

我的阿姨拥抱了我，大主教拉起我的手，把我牵到了主席台上。

当一切渐渐平息的时候，教堂安静了下来，只听见几声愉悦的阿门。

所有的小羊羔们都得到了上帝的祝福。

教堂里充满了欢悦的吟唱。

但那天晚上我却哭了。

那是我一生倒数第二次哭泣，因为我已经是个12岁的大男孩了。

我独自一人躺在床上，哭泣不已。

担心里德阿姨会听到，我把头埋在被子下面。

她还是醒了，告诉我的叔叔说：“我哭是因为神圣的上帝进入了我的生命，因为我看见了耶稣。

但是我哭的真正原因是我羞于告诉她我撒谎了，我骗了教堂里所有人。

我没有看见耶稣，我也不再相信有一个耶稣，因为他没有来拯救我。

2. 课文详解The Important Points1. Language points: salvation; go on; revival; hardened; escorted and placed; gnarled; lowerlights, take somebody’s name in vain; a sea of shouting; in the name of; sin and crime; etc.2. Rhetoric: metonymy3. The theme of the text4. Structural analysis of the text5. Some knowledge from the Bible: sinners, Holy Ghost, revival, Jesus Christ, etc.6. Word study: surround, strike, bear7. Grammar: articlesIII. The Difficult Points1. In what sense has the author been saved?2. The theme of the text.IV. Introduction about the AuthorLangston Hughes was a modern American black poet, novelist, short-story writer and playwright. He was a versatile writer. He was born in Missouri in 1902, went to high school in Ohio, worked and lived in several countries including France, Italy, Spain and some African countries. In the 1930’s, he joined the Communist Party of USA and during the Spanish Civil War, he followed Hemingway and went to Spain as a war correspondent when hedied at the age of 65 in 1967, he had written more than 40 books. He always wrote from the point of view of the oppressed. The American Negro life was his major subject. The present text is taken from the autobiography “The Big Sea”(1940).Questions:1) Why do we say that Langston Hughes was a versatile writer as far as you know?2) When and where was he born?3) What did he do when the Spanish Civil War broke out?4) Was he a prolific writer? In what way?5) What was his principal point of view in writing?V. Detailed Study of the Text1. salvation (title): saving the soul from sin. The word has a strong religious connotation.2. I was saved…on thirteen. But not really saved (Para.1).---Note that the second sentence is a sentence fragment, a deviation for the sake of emphasis. It is as if the reader is thrust forward, and then after a pause, is dragged back quite by surprise. His interest is captured, and he waits curiously for the paradox to unfold. The effect would not be achieved if a comma had been used after “thirteen” to combine the two sentences into one normal sentence. Paradox: “More haste, less speed”.3. (1) go on (continuous tense: be going on for): (of age or time) be approaching; get nearer e.g.* He’s going on (for) 70.* It’s going o for lunch time.* I don’t know her exact age, but she may be 41 going on 42.* ---“The watch must cost you half your monthly income!”---“Not quite, but going on that way.”(2) go on (at sb.): rail; nag; scold 责骂；埋怨；挑剔 e.g.* She goes on at her husband continually. （不停地埋怨她丈夫。

）(3) go on to sth./to do sth.: do or say it next; proceed to it（接着说；接着做） e.g.* He went on to say that everyone of us needed to make efforts to finish the task ahead of time.* I shall now go on to deal with our finances (处理财务)。

(4) go on with sth/doing sth.=continue, persevere with（继续，保持）4. sin: We talk about sin from the point of view of religion and morality. In Christianity, there is the original sin. With Adam’s fall, we all sin. That is to say, everybody is born with the so-called original sin according to Christianity. Then how can one be saved? By following Jesus Christ’s preaching and teachings.crime: associated with law While dishonesty can be a sin, swindling isa crime.5. revival: a series of meetings (called revival meetings), characterizedby public confession of sins and declaration of renewed faith in religion, intended to bring back the religious enthusiasm among people.6. harden: make or become hard, strong, etc. e.g. harden steel（硬化钢）；harden the heart（硬起心肠）； harden the body e.g. by taking exercises （锻炼身体）；* be hardened to: make insensitive to （对…麻木; 对…无动于衷）* A hardened criminal : one who is callous, who shows no signs of shame or repentance* hardened sinners: sinners who have become used to wrongdoings, who are already callous (indifferent, insensitive, numb), who show no signs of shame, no signs of repentance.7. by leaps and bounds: very rapidly8. to bring the young lambs to the fold: to bring the children under protection and guidance of God; to bring the children into the Christian community.*allusion It alludes to the Bible. According to Christianity, Jesus is the Lamb of God and a member of that religion is a lamb. Any Christian is a lamb, and the preacher is a shepherd.*The fold is literally an enclosure for sheep. Here it stands for the community of Christianity.It means: bring the children to the Christian community.9. escorted and placed: formal words, to mark thesolemnity/formality of the occasion.e.g. escort sb. to a party（陪某人赴舞会）；escort a prisoner（押送犯人）10. “leave out” and “hold out” are non-idiomatic here.*As an idiom, leave sth/sb. out: omit, fail to consider（忽略；遗漏）e.g. leave out a possibility忽略一个可能性； leave out a letter遗陋一个字母Don’t leave me out, please = Don’t forget me –I want a share, a place, etc.*hold out: 1) maintain resistance, not give way e.g. How long can we hold out against the attack?2) last: How long will our food supplies hold out?*hold sb./sth. out: 1) hold your arms out2) offer: The doctors hold out little hope of recovery for her.11. ninety-nine safe in the fold: ninety-nine lambs who were safe in the fold---referring to those already in the Christian community. And therefore, those sinners who sat on the mourner’s bench including Langston Hughes belonged to the one out of a hundred. They are still wandering, straying. The preacher was calling upon them to join the church.12. work-gnarled hands: hands roughened and hardened from work and old age, hands that have become twisted, knotty---deformed13. The church sang…(See Notes 6 on Page 6)Church can be a building, a religion (the Orthodox Eastern Church) or a religious community.Here: The church refers to all the people in the church.Rhetorically it is a metonymy: substitution of the name of an attribute for the name of the thing meant. e.g. gray hairs for old age; pen for books/writings; Uncle Sam for USA; Wall Street for US financial circles.14. be ashamed of myself, holding everything up so longhold sb./ sth. up: 1)delay: They were held up by fog/ the immigration authorities.2) stop by the use or threat of force, for the purpose of robbery: The travelers were held up by bandits.15. 1) grin（咧着嘴笑；露齿笑）: He grinned from ear to ear at the good news.2) smile（微笑）: She smiled her smooth smile（温柔地笑）.He pulled out a smile（勉强地露出笑容）.3) laugh: He laughed until he bent double（笑得直不起腰来）He laughed until his sides ached.（笑得肚子痛）。