高中英语语法教案- 虚拟语气

高中英语语法教案- 虚拟语气

一、学习目标：

1. 理解虚拟语气的含义及其用法；

2. 能够正确运用虚拟语气表达不真实的情况；

3. 能够运用虚拟语气表达愿望、要求、建议等情况。

二、教学重点：

1. 理解虚拟语气的含义及其用法；

2. 能够正确运用虚拟语气表达不真实的情况。

教学难点：

能够运用虚拟语气表达愿望、要求、建议等情况。

三、教学准备：

多媒体课件、教学PPT、板书。

四、教学过程：

Step 1. 引入新知

Ask students to talk about a typical conversation they might have with a friend. Ask them to think about how they would react in different situations.

（呈）：学生就与朋友的典型对话展开讨论，让他们想

一想面对不同情况时可能的反应。

Step 2. 讲解重点知识

1. 虚拟语气的含义及用法：

虚拟语气是指说话人并不认为自己所说的话真的确实存

在或正在发生而使用的语气。虚拟语气常用于以下情况：

(1)与现在事实相反的假设：

If I were you, I would leave this job.（与现在事实相反的假设）

If he had arrived earlier, he would have caught the flight.（与过去事实相反的假设）

(2)表达愿望、虚构场景、要求、建议等情况：

I wish I could speak German fluently.（表达愿望）

If I were rich, I would travel around the world.（虚构场景）

I suggest that you take a break and relax.（建议）

2. 虚拟语气的形式：

虚拟条件句：

If I had time, I would go shopping.（如果我有时间，我就去购物了。）

If she were here, she would help us.（如果她在这里，她就会帮助我们。）

虚拟语气的语气动词使用“would+动词原形”或者“should+动词原形”。

与现在事实相反的虚拟语气：

If only he were taller, he would be a good basketball player.（如果他身高再高点，他肯定就可以成为一名出色的篮球运动员了。）

If I were you, I would consult a doctor.（如果是我，我会去问问医生。）

虚拟语气的语气动词使用表达虚假、猜想、留有余地的词语。

虚拟语气之愿望：

I wish I had a car.（我希望我有一辆车。）

I wish I hadn't eaten so much.（我真希望我当时没吃那么多。）

I wish I could go to America.（我真希望我能去美国。）

虚拟语气之建议：

I suggested that she should go to the hospital immediately.（我建议她立即去医院。）

I proposed that the manager should give the staff

a pay rise.（我建议经理给员工加薪。）

I urged that the company should take action immediately.（我要求公司立即采取行动。）

Step 3. 练习时间

Exercise 1.

用正确的虚拟语气形式完成下列句子

1. I wish I ________(be) taller.

2. If I were you, I ________(take) a break.

3. If I ________(have) much money, I would buy a house.

4. If he ________(offer) me a cup of tea, I would be very grateful.

5. I suggest that you ________(study) more.

Exercise 2.

将下列简单句变为虚拟句子

1. He studies hard and he has a good chance of getting into that university.

→ If he studies hard, he will have a good chance of getting into that university.

2. They didn't leave on time, so they missed the train.

→ If they had left on time, they wouldn't have missed the train.

3. My mother told me to clean the room.

→ My mother suggested that I clean the room.

4. He started early and so he arrived on time.

→ If he hadn't s tarted early, he wouldn't have arrived on time.

5. We have enough money to buy the car.

→ If we had enough money, we would buy the car.

Step 4. 拓展练习

1. 根据上下文填上适当的虚拟语气形式

If I ___ (can speak) English better, I ___ (not have) any trouble communicating with foreigners.

If he ___ (not have) to work tomorrow, he ___ (go) to see the exhibition with us.

If I ___ (know) how to swim, I ___ (go) to the swimming pool with you.

If my parents ___ (not object), I ___ (go) to study abroad.

2. 改正以下句子中的错误

If he would have studied harder, he would have passed the exam.

If I were younger, I would have run faster.

If I were you, I should take the bus.

If he had enough money, he would buy the house.