科技英语翻译1—4

The four types of sustainability include human, economic, social, and

environmental. All four are required to maintain the entirety of life on Earth. Althoughinterconnected, itis importanttonotethedifferences of eachinterms of

its nature and requirements.

The very basic need of humansustainability is good reproductive healthand

safe childbearing.Those that reproduce have the responsibility of caring for their children, giving them access to proper education, and promoting their health and wellness. At some point, the childrenshould have enoughskills and knowledge suchthatthey cansustaintheir ownway of life. Itis atthatpointthatthey become

considered as productive human capital as well as individuals that can go through the process of reproduction and rearing. As long as this process is maintained at a rate that all human systems can support, human sustainability should be no cause for concern.

Insimple terms, economic sustainability is havinga set amount of capital for a

certain period. Those who consume that capital must also conserve it so that they will continue to enjoy it towards the end of the specified period. This means that

we must preserve all our resources as we consume them so that human beings in

the future can enjoy them as well. To achieve this, we must regenerate our resources at a rate that is equal to or faster than our consumption.

Social capital is an important aspect of sustainability because it is through communities and civil societies that humankind can easily and inexpensively work together. Without proper levels of social capital, it can easily deplete and violence as well as mistrustcantake over. Whenthathappens, societies andeverythingelse

that depends on them will be destroyed. Through proper maintenance of and adherencetolaws, rules, andvalues thatsocieties havedevelopedfor thecommon

good, social sustainability can be achieved.

Environmental sustainability is important because it involves natural resources that humanbeings need for economic or manufactured capital. Materials taken

fromnature are usedfor solutions that address humanneeds. If nature is depleted

faster than it can regenerate, human beings will be left without raw materials.

Furthermore,environmental sustainability also involves ensuring that waste emissions areatvolumes thatnaturecanhandle. If not, all humans andother living

things on Earth can be harmed to the point of extinction.

可持续性分类

四种可持续性包括人类可持续性，经济可持续性，社会可持续性和环境可持续性。这四种可持续性都应维持地球上生命的完整性。尽管他们相互联系，但观注他们在性质上的

细节差异和要求仍是很重要的。

人类可持续性

人类可持续性的基本要求是良好的生殖健康和安全分娩。人类有责任照顾好他们的孩子，让他们获得良好的教育，促进他们的健康和发展。

在一定意义上 (在那时？ )，孩子 (子孙) 应该有足够的技能和知识以至于能够维持他们自己的生活。在这点上 (在那时？ ) 他们是生产所需要的人力资本 (源) ，也是进行再生产、繁衍后代的个体。只要这一过程以全人类系统能够支持的速度进行，人类可持续性就大可不必担心。

经济可持续性

简单看来，经济可持续性在特定时期有固定资本。消费资本的个体必须节约一部分资本以便在确定时期结束时仍能享有它。那意味着我们在消费资源时必须加以保留以便未来的人类也能享有它们。 (这就意味着我们必须在消费资源时保护我们所有的资源，这样人类才能实现后续消费。 )为实现这一目的，我们必须使资源的再生速度等于或超过我们消费资源的速度。

社会可持续性

社会资本是社会可持续性的一个重要方面，这是因为社会资本通过社区或公民社会使