if 的虚拟语气倒装教程文件
虚拟语气if的三种用法教案-定义说明解析
虚拟语气if的三种用法教案-范文模板及概述示例1:标题：虚拟语气if的三种用法教案引言：虚拟语气if是英语语法中的一个重要概念。
它用于描述虚拟的情况或假设，与实际情况相反或不可能实现的情况。
在本文中，我们将介绍虚拟语气if的三种常见用法，并提供相关教学案例。
一、虚拟语气if表示对过去情况的假设1. 如果现在完成时表示过去的假设例如：If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.（如果我当时更努力学习，我就能通过考试。
）2. 如果过去完成时表示过去情况的假设例如：If you had told me earlier, I would have helped you.（如果你早点告诉我，我就会帮助你。
）教学案例：让学生完成以下句子，使用虚拟语气if表示对过去情况的假设：1. 如果他没有错过公交车，他就不会迟到了。
2. 如果我看到那本书，我就会告诉你。
3. 如果我知道你的生日，我就会为你准备礼物。
二、虚拟语气if表示对现在情况的假设1. 如果一种不可能实现的现实情况例如：If I were a bird, I would fly around the world.（如果我是一只鸟，我就会飞遍全世界。
）2. 如果一种与实际情况相反的情况例如：If it wasn't raining, we would go for a walk.（如果不下雨，我们就会去散步。
）教学案例：让学生完成以下句子，使用虚拟语气if表示对现在情况的假设：1. 如果我有超能力，我会帮助所有需要帮助的人。
2. 如果我有时间，我会去旅行。
3. 如果我不生病，我就会参加派对。
三、虚拟语气if表示对将来情况的假设1. 如果将来某种情况不会发生例如：If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will have a picnic.（如果明天不下雨，我们将去野餐。
虚拟语气倒装讲义
Ⅴ虚拟语气在in case,lest或for fear that等从句中的用法
in case,lest或for fear that引起的从句常用虚拟语气,表示“以防,以免”,形式为should+动词原形,should通常不能省略.
1.I finally got the job I dreamed about.Never in my life___
so happy!(2000,spring)
A did I feel B Ifeel C I had felt D had I felt
2.The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once__with each other.(2003)
主语+be+adj.+that+主语+should+动词原形
主语+be+adj.+that+主语+should have+过去分词
Eg :I am happy that he should agree.
I am ashamed that you should have done such a thing.
Eg :He took his raincoat with him in case it should rain.
The young driver looked over the engine carefully lest it should go wrong on the way.
Ⅵ虚拟语气在形容词短语的that宾语从句中的应用
(完整版)虚拟语气倒装(讲解+练习)
虚拟语气有些条件句是可能实现的，称为真实条件句. 虚拟语气是动词的一种特殊形式，用来表达说话人的意愿.请求，设想，等未能或不可能实现的事实，或说话人看来实现可能性很小的情况.做这类题时首先要弄清楚虚拟语气的各种句型，即由if引导的虚拟条件句，省略if的倒装形式，可跟虚拟语气的宾语从句，同位语从句，表语从句的句型，以及表示祝愿或感叹的句子和由without， but for等介词引导的短语或句子.主要用法1). 主语从句，同位语从句中虚拟语气的用法.2). 宾语从句中虚拟语气的用法，尤其是wish 虚拟语气结构的用法.3). If条件句中虚拟语气的用法，应特别注意省略if的倒装结构是考试的重点.4). would rather（=wish）等结构中虚拟语气的用法.5). if only（如果。
就好了）结构中虚拟语气的用法.6). But， or， otherwise 等含蓄条件句的用法.7). It’s time (that)（早该。
）等结构中虚拟语气的用法.1. 虚拟语气在虚拟条件句中的运用(1) 虚拟语气现在时，用以表示与现在/将来事实相反的假设或现在实现可能性不大的情况.Eg. If I were a bird， I would fly to you.If it is not for their help， we shall be in a very difficult position.If it were not for their help， we should be in a very difficult position.If I had seen the film, I would…..(2) 虚拟语气过去式. 表示与过去事实完全相反的假设.Eg. If we had started earlier， we should not have missed the train.If she hadn’t been ill， she might have come.If she were not ill， she might come.◆书面语中，如果从句里含有should， had， were或其他助动词，则可将从属连词if省去，将助动词.情态动词.be或have放在句首形成部分倒装.Eg.Were he in your position，he’d do the same.If he Were in your position，he’d do the same.Had I had time， I would have done that yesterday.If I Had had time， I would have done that yesterday.If he Should (万一)come tomorrow， I should give him the dictionary.(3) 虚拟语气在某些从句中的应用.A)在(表现了说话人的愿望)wish， suggest， order， demand， propose，command， request， recommend， require， decide， insist， desire，urge等动词的宾语从句(should:应该) + 动词原形.以及would rather /sooner that后要用“ (should:应该) + 动词原形” 来表示愿望，建议，命令，要求等;由上述动词派生或转化的名词suggestion， proposal， plan，motion， recommendation， demand， order， desire， request，requirement， insistence， advice， decision ， obligatory(义不容辞的，必须的同位语从句或表语从句中也要用相应的虚拟形式.Eg. His suggestion was that we (should) go at once.Wang insisted that we go at once.B)在It is/was + 某些形容词 + that (表现了说话人的愿望)从句的句型中，that从句中的谓语动词常用虚拟语气，即“should + 动词原形”这些形容词有:important， necessary， essential， imperative， natural， strange，advisable， desirable， possible， probable， astonishing，surprising， desired， suggested， requested， recommended，ordered， proposed， decided， moved等.C) “ should(居然/竟然) + 动词原形(或完成形式)” 可表示惊奇，遗憾，怀疑，不满等.ⅰ. 用于expect， believe， think， suspect 等动词的否定或疑问形式后的宾语从句中.Eg. I never expected that the new apartment should be so small.ⅱ. 用于“It is a pity， it is a shame， it is no wonder 等+ that”等结构后的主语从句中.Eg. It is a pity that he should be so careless.D) 在由for fear that， in case， lest 等引导的状语从句中，用“ should (万一)+ 动词原形” 表示“惟恐”的意思.Eg. He handled the instrument with care for fear that it should be damaged.E) 在“ It is (about/ high ) time + that (从句)(早就应该)” 中，谓语动词常用过去式表表示虚拟语气.Eg. It is high time that Chinese people learnt English.F) 在“as if/ as though”(似乎/好像) 引导的状语从句中，谓语动词与wish的宾语从句的虚拟形式相同.Eg. He w ork s with such enthusiasm as if he never knew fatigue. He speaks English as though he were an American.G) 在 look/sound/feel/ seem + as if / as though从句中，当表示真实情况时，用陈述语气; 否则，用虚拟语气.Eg.It seems as if they know each other. (真实情况)It seems as if they knew each other.It seems as though it were already spring. (虚拟语气)H) 用在if only（如果。
虚拟语气_虚拟条件句的倒装
●虚拟语气的使用范围及判断一虚拟语气表示一种不能实现的假设。
该语法主要用于if 条件状语从句。
也可用于主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句等。
二 if 条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断If 条件状语从句有真实条件句和非真实条件句。
假设条件可以实现的句子为真实条件句（如在阴天说if it rains, we would not go out），反之为非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气。
三假设条件一般为：1）与过去事实相反，从句谓语动词用过去完成时，主句动词为情态动词＋完成时态。
e.g. If I had come here yesterday, I would have seen him.2）与现在事实相反，从句谓语动词用一般过去时，主句动词为情态动词＋动词原形。
e.g. If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my students.3）与将来事实可能相反，从句谓语动词用过去将来时，主句动词为情态动词＋动词原形。
e.g. If it should snow tomorrow, they couldn’t go out.主句谓语动词为情态动词（should, would, could）＋和相应的从句一致的动词形式。
四 if 条件句中如果有were, should, had, 可以省去if, 并使用倒装句序。
●宾语从句中的虚拟语气一 wish后面宾语从句中的虚拟语气：根据从句的意义来判断：1．与现在和将来相反的事实，从句谓语动词用过去时态；e.g. I wish I were a bird.2．与过去相反的事实，从句谓语动词用过去完成时态。
e.g. I wished he hadn’t done that.二表示“要求、建议、命令”等动词后面的宾语从句中的虚拟语气从句用“should + 动词原形”构成。
而且should 可以省去。
用于此结构的动词有：advise, direct, agree, ask, demand, decide, desire, insist, order, prefer, propose, request, suggest等。
if条件句中虚拟语气课件PPT课件
学习心得体会
通过本课的学习，我深入了解了虚拟 语气的使用规则和应用场景，对英语 语法有了更深入的认识。
本课的学习不仅提高了我的英语水平， 也让我对英语语法产生了更浓厚的兴 趣。
在学习过程中，我遇到了一些困难， 但通过不断练习和总结，我逐渐掌握 了虚拟语气的使用技巧。
在未来的学习中，我将继续深入探索 虚拟语气在不同语境中的应用型
01
与现在事实相反的虚拟语气
表示与当前实际情况相反的情况，使用过去时态来表示。例如：“If I
were you, I would choose the latter option.”
02
与过去事实相反的虚拟语气
表示与过去实际情况相反的情况，使用过去完成时态来表示。例如：
“If I had known the answer, I would have told you earlier.”
03
与将来事实相反的虚拟语气
表示与将来实际情况相反的情况，使用过去时态或过去完成时态来表示
。例如：“If I were to do it again, I would make different
choices.”
03 if条件句中虚拟语气的用 法
表示与现在事实相反的情况
总结词
使用would+动词原形
填空题
• 题目：If he _____ the right answer, he would have won the game.
填空题
答案
01
had given
解析
02
从句与过去事实相反，表示与过去事实相反的情况，从句用“
过去完成时”。
题目
03
If she _____ more attention in class, she would have
虚拟语气倒装(讲解+练习)
虚拟语气有些条件句是可能实现的，称为真实条件句. 虚拟语气是动词的一种特殊形式，用来表达说话人的意愿.请求，设想，等未能或不可能实现的事实，或说话人看来实现可能性很小的情况.做这类题时首先要弄清楚虚拟语气的各种句型，即由if引导的虚拟条件句，省略if的倒装形式，可跟虚拟语气的宾语从句，同位语从句，表语从句的句型，以及表示祝愿或感叹的句子和由without， but for等介词引导的短语或句子.主要用法1). 主语从句，同位语从句中虚拟语气的用法.2). 宾语从句中虚拟语气的用法，尤其是wish 虚拟语气结构的用法.3). If条件句中虚拟语气的用法，应特别注意省略if的倒装结构是考试的重点.4). would rather（=wish）等结构中虚拟语气的用法.5). if only（如果。
就好了）结构中虚拟语气的用法.6). But， or， otherwise 等含蓄条件句的用法.7). It’s time (that)（早该。
）等结构中虚拟语气的用法.1. 虚拟语气在虚拟条件句中的运用(1) 虚拟语气现在时，用以表示与现在/将来事实相反的假设或现在实现可能性不大的情况.Eg. If I were a bird， I would fly to you.If it is not for their help， we shall be in a very difficult position.If it were not for their help， we should be in a very difficult position.If I had seen the film, I would…..(2) 虚拟语气过去式. 表示与过去事实完全相反的假设.Eg. If we had started earlier， we should not have missed the train.If she hadn’t been ill， she might have come.If she were not ill， she might come.◆书面语中，如果从句里含有should， had， were或其他助动词，则可将从属连词if省去，将助动词.情态动词.be或have放在句首形成部分倒装.Eg.Were he in your position，he’d do the same.If he Were in your position，he’d do the same.Had I had time， I would have done that yesterday.If I Had had time， I would have done that yesterday.If he Should (万一)come tomorrow， I should give him the dictionary.(3) 虚拟语气在某些从句中的应用.A)在(表现了说话人的愿望)wish， suggest， order， demand， propose，command， request， recommend， require， decide， insist， desire，urge等动词的宾语从句(should:应该) + 动词原形.以及would rather /sooner that后要用“ (should:应该) + 动词原形” 来表示愿望，建议，命令，要求等;由上述动词派生或转化的名词suggestion， proposal， plan，motion， recommendation， demand， order， desire， request，requirement， insistence， advice， decision ， obligatory(义不容辞的，必须的同位语从句或表语从句中也要用相应的虚拟形式.Eg. His suggestion was that we (should) go at once.Wang insisted that we go at once.B)在It is/was + 某些形容词 + that (表现了说话人的愿望)从句的句型中，that从句中的谓语动词常用虚拟语气，即“should + 动词原形”这些形容词有:important， necessary， essential， imperative， natural， strange，advisable， desirable， possible， probable， astonishing，surprising， desired， suggested， requested， recommended，ordered， proposed， decided， moved等.C) “ should(居然/竟然) + 动词原形(或完成形式)” 可表示惊奇，遗憾，怀疑，不满等.ⅰ. 用于expect， believe， think， suspect 等动词的否定或疑问形式后的宾语从句中.Eg. I never expected that the new apartment should be so small.ⅱ. 用于“It is a pity， it is a shame， it is no wonder 等+ that”等结构后的主语从句中.Eg. It is a pity that he should be so careless.D) 在由for fear that， in case， lest 等引导的状语从句中，用“ should (万一)+ 动词原形” 表示“惟恐”的意思.Eg. He handled the instrument with care for fear that it should be damaged.E) 在“ It is (about/ high ) time + that (从句)(早就应该)” 中，谓语动词常用过去式表表示虚拟语气.Eg. It is high time that Chinese people learnt English.F) 在“as if/ as though”(似乎/好像) 引导的状语从句中，谓语动词与wish的宾语从句的虚拟形式相同.Eg. He w ork s with such enthusiasm as if he never knew fatigue. He speaks English as though he were an American.G) 在 look/sound/feel/ seem + as if / as though从句中，当表示真实情况时，用陈述语气; 否则，用虚拟语气.Eg.It seems as if they know each other. (真实情况)It seems as if they knew each other.It seems as though it were already spring. (虚拟语气)H) 用在if only（如果。
if引导虚拟语气条件句PPT课件
06
总结与回顾
回顾if引导虚拟语气条件句的用法
虚拟语气在条件句中的用法
在条件句中，使用虚拟语气表示与实际情况相反的情况，或者表 示假设、猜测等。
虚拟语气的形式
虚拟语气有多种形式，包括与现在事实相反、与过去事实相反、与 将来事实相反等。
虚拟语气的时态
虚拟语气与时态有关，需要根据实际情况选择适当的时态。
况，主句用would+have+过 去分词的形式。
翻译题
01
02
03
中文
如果我知道这个消息，我 早就告诉你了。
英文
If I had known the news, I would have told you long ago.
解释
从句表示与过去事实相反 的情况，主句用 would+have+过去分词 的形式。
题目
If he _______ the money, he _______ able to buy a car.
had had; would be
答案
解释
从句表示与过去事实相反的情况，主句用would+______ rained last night,
the ground would be wet this morning.
表示与事实相反的情况
总结词
与事实相反的情况是指条件句中的假设与现实情况相 反，主句使用虚拟语气表示与实际情况的差异。
详细描述
在英语中，当if引导的条件句表示与事实相反的情况时， 主句通常使用虚拟语气。这种用法常用于表示某种假设 的情况并未实现，而是与现实情况相反。例如，“If I were you, I would not make that mistake again.” （如果我是你，我不会再犯那个错误了。）这句话表示 的是假设自己是对方，但实际上并不是，提醒对方不要 犯同样的错误。
if条件句的虚拟语气与倒装句
虚拟语气与倒装句(教师版)什么就是虚拟语气(subjunctive mood)?If I were you, I would not do like this、要我就是您,我就不会这样做I wish I became a millionaire、要就是我就是个百万富翁多好啊口头解释上面两个例句后引出虚拟语气的概念表示说的话不就是真实发生,只就是一种假设,主观愿望,猜测,建议等非真实的情况。
今天主要讲在条件句中虚拟语气的使用情况Q: 那就是不就是所有的条件句都用虚拟语气？这里可以提问同学,进行互动后给出正确答案一.分类1、真实条件句,表示的假设就是有可能发生的,此时主句不用虚拟语气。
e、g、If I have time, I will do the homework、(口头解释分析这个句子)2、虚拟条件句,表示的就是一种假象,与事实相反或不太可能会发生,那就要用虚拟语气e、g、If I were you, I would do the homework、(口头解释分析这个句子)二.用法总结:从句都往过去推一个时态。
与现在相反--过去, 与过去相反--过去的过去(过去完成),与将来相反--过去三.重点解析1、l would/should/could/might主句谓语中的should主要用于第一人称后;would 表示结果还表示过去常常做某事,might表示可能性,could表示能力、允许或可能性。
比较: ①If you tried again,you would succeed、要就是您再试一试,您就会成功的。
(would表结果)②If you tried again, you might succeed、要就是您再试一试,您可能会成功的。
(might表可能)③If you tried again ,you could succeed、要就是您再试一试,您就能成功了。
(could表能力)2.错综时间虚拟条件句:即条件从句与主句所指时间不一致,如从句指过去,而主句即指的就是现在或将来,此时应根据具体的语境情况,结合上面提到的三种基本类型对时态作相应的调整If it had rained last night, the ground would be wet now、要就是昨晚下过雨的话,现在地面就会就是湿的。
(完整版)if引导的条件状语从句-虚拟语气
虚拟语气是一项语法难点，为了让学员们便于理解与记忆，我们把虚拟语气分成三大块来讨论：1．名词从句中的虚拟语气标志词+should+动词原形2．条件从句中的虚拟语气①三种基本态②倒装虚拟句③混时虚拟句④含蓄虚拟句⑤跳层虚拟句3．其它情形中的虚拟语气（wish/would rather/It’s high time…/If only…/lest）一．三种基本形态（1）表虚拟的时间if从句谓语形式主句谓语形式现在：did / were would (should, might, could)+do过去：had done/ had been would (should/might/could)+have done(been)将来：were to/ should+do would (should, might, could)+do三种基本形态（2）（这是基础，建议牢记下面的例句，争取能脱口而出）与现在事实相反：If I had enough money, I would buy a book.与过去事实相反：If I had had enough money, I would have bought a book.与将来事实相反：If I were to have enough money, I would buy a book.If I should have enough money, I would buy a book.二、倒装虚拟句（只能与过去/将来事实相反，省去if，只有三种倒装形式）Had I had enough money, I would have bought a book.Were I to have enough money, I would buy a book.Should I have enough money, I would buy a book.三、混合时间虚拟语气（主要是抓住时间状语）(对过去事实虚拟+对现在事实虚拟)If I had studied English at school, I could read the English novel now.(对现在事实虚拟+对过去事实虚拟)If she were not so careless, she wouldn’t have made such a mistake.四、含蓄虚拟句（在四级考试中目前还未出现此考点，但在阅读中常见）3. 虚拟语气用在主语从句中。
if+条件从句虚拟语气讲义
If 条件从句（虚拟语气）If 条件句可分为真实条件句和非真实条件句。
一．真实条件句：用于假设可能发生但不确定的事情。
If you don’t hurry, you will be late for school. (假设可能发生的情况)If he comes here, I will go shopping with him. (假设可能发生的情况)二．非真实条件句：用于假设不太可能发生或与事实相反的事，须用虚拟语气。
(虚拟条件句，谓语永远是过去)If I were you, I would tell him the truth.(事实是我不可能是你)If we never slept, we all would get better grades.(事实是我们不可能不睡觉)从句通常分为三种情况：与现在事实相反，与过去事实相反，与将来事实相反。
1.与现在事实相反；从句：if+主语+did. (be动词都用were)主句：主语+should/would/could/might+do. （我是迈克）If I were rich, I shall/would not work. (事实是我现在没钱)If he had time, he would/might help you.If you knew the truth, could you tell me?If I were the principal, I would plant more trees in our school.If he were here, everyone would be all right.If I had enough money, I would buy a new car.2.与过去事实相反；从句：if+主语+had+done.主句：主语+should/would/could/might+have+done. （我是迈克）If the police had caught the thieves, they would have put them in prison.If you had work harder, you might have succeeded.If I had got earlier, I would not have been late for school.If it had not been for your help yesterday, I could not have caught the bus.If the weather had been nice yesterday, we would have gone for a picnic.3.与将来事实相反；从句：①if+主语+should+do.②if+主语+did. (be动词都用were)③if+主语+were to do.主句：主语+should/would/could/might+be/do. （我是迈克）If he should go to the university, he would be very proud.If it were to snow tomorrow, we would make snowmen.If we had less homework than usual, we would play games.If he succeeded/should succeed/were to succeed, everything would be all right.If you should fail, what would you do?三．省略if的虚拟语气（倒装句）如果if从句中含有were/had/should (我很帅)，则可以把if 省略，把这三个词放置句首形成倒装句。
if条件句中虚拟语气PPT课件
虚拟在事实相反的情况，使用一般过去时或过去进行时。
与过去事实相反的虚拟语气
表示与过去事实相反的情况，使用过去完成时。
与将来事实相反的虚拟语气
表示与将来事实相反的情况，使用过去将来时。
在委婉语气中的使用
总结词
虚拟语气在if条件句中还可以用于表达委婉的语气，通过使用相应的时态和谓语动词形式来缓和语气或避免直接表达 。
详细描述
在某些情况下，使用虚拟语气可以表达更加委婉的语气，使话语更加柔和、礼貌或含蓄。这种用法通常用于避免直接 表达某些可能引起冲突或敏感的话题。
例子
If I were you, I would consider carefully before making a decision.（如果我是你，我会在做出决定 之前仔细考虑。）这句话使用虚拟语气来委婉地提出建议或建议对方谨慎行事。
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if条件句中虚拟语气的例句分析
与现在事实相反的例句
01
02
03
总结词
表示与现在实际情况相反 的情况
例句
If I were you, I would choose this option.（如 果我是你，我会选择这个 选项。）
解释
这句话表示与现在实际情 况相反的情况，即说话者 不是听话者，所以选择的 情况也是不存在的。
与过去事实相反的例句
总结词
表示与过去实际情况相反的情况
例句
If I had known the answer, I would have told you.（如果我 早知道答案，我早就告诉你了。）
解释
这句话表示与过去实际情况相反 的情况，即说话者没有早知道答 案，所以告诉你的情况也是不存
if条件句虚拟语气PPT课件
• 引言 • if条件句虚拟语气的基本结构 • if条件句虚拟语气的特殊结构 • if条件句虚拟语气在句子中的应用 • if条件句虚拟语气在写作中的应用 • if条件句虚拟语气的常见错误分析
01
引言
什么是虚拟语气
01
虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式 ，用于表达与现实情况相反的情 况或假设条件下的情感、态度和 观点。
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if条件句虚拟语气在句子中的应用
在宾语从句中的应用
要点一
宾语从句中的if虚拟语气用于表示 与事实相反的情况，通常…
“If I were you, I would take the job.”（如果我是你，我 会接受这份工作。）
要点二
在宾语从句中，有时可以使用 “would+动词原形”代替…
“He said if he had known the truth, he would have told her.”（他说如果当时知道真相，他会告诉她的。）
在表语从句中的应用
要点一
表语从句中的if虚拟语气用于表示 对现在的虚拟，通常使用…
“The solution is that if we were to increase the number of employees, we would improve productivity.”（解决 方案是如果我们增加员工数量，我们将提高生产率。）
形”结构。
例句
If I had known the answer, I would have told you. (如果我 早知道答案，我早就告诉你了。)
与过去事实相反的虚拟语气
总结词
表示与过去事实相反的情况，假设条件与结论都是虚拟的。
if条件状语从句中虚拟语气讲解学习
if条件状语从句中的虚拟语气一、if条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。
只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。
通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能够实现是真实条件句，不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气。
1. “后退一步法”后退一步法是指在准确地判断了该句与哪一事实相反后，按虚拟语气的后退一步法处理从句谓语动词的时态。
即：在非真实条件状语从句中，谓语动词按正常情况“后退一步”。
也就是：①与过去事实相反，在从句中用过去完成时形式表示。
②与现在事实相反，在从句中用过去一般时形式表示。
③与将来事实可能相反，在从句中用过去将来时形式表示。
主句中则用情态动词would,should, could 等加一个与从句一致的动词形式。
例：⑴、If I had come her yesterday, I would have seen him.⑵、If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my students.⑶、If it should snow tomorrow, they couldn't go out.2、注意事项：①if条件句中如有were, should, had，可以省去if，并使用倒装语序。
②在现代英语中if条件状与从句中的谓语动词如果是be其过去形式一般用were。
二、虚拟语气在if 引导的条件句中的用法：1. If it weren’t for your help, we would get into trouble. 如果没有你们的帮助，我们就会陷入困境。
（而事实上得到了你们的帮助）2.If the weather were fine, I would go there. 如果天气好，我去那儿。
（事实天气不好）3.If I were you, I would read it again. 如果我是你的话，我再读一遍。
虚拟+倒装完整归纳之欧阳美创编
虚拟语气（往前推一个时态）1、2、if条件句1）与现在事实相反：If sb did,sb should/would/could/might do.2）与过去事实相反：If sb had done,sb should/would/could/might have done.3）与将来事实相反：If sb should do sb should/would/could/might dowere(to do)did ,Ps:1）条件句中出现were,had,should可省去if,将主语与这些词倒装e.g:Should it rain tomorrow,we would stay at home.2）混合虚拟e.g：If I had seen the movie,I would tell you all about it now.3、名词性虚拟语气表示命令、建议、要求、惊叹insist(坚持要做用虚拟，坚持认为不用虚拟),suggest,advise, propose, recommend,require,demand etc的名词性从句用虚拟语气，sb (should) do.e.g:I insisted he go to see a doctor,but he insisted nothing was wrong with him.4、含蓄条件句和一些特殊词的使用1）wish 与未来愿望不一致 sb would/could do与现在愿望不一致 sb did/were与过去愿望不一致 sb had done2）It’s about/high time that sb did/should(不能省) do.3）If only感叹句=How I wish4）would rather/had rather/would sooner:对过去虚拟 had done;对现在与将来虚拟 did/weree.g:I’d rather you had seen the film yesterday.I’d r ather you were here now.5）as if/thoughe.g:They began to talk warmly as if they had known each other for long.Ps:a.从句内容若为事实或可能为事实，也可用陈述语气It looks as if we’ll be late.b.It isn't as if you did not know the matter.你又不是不知道这件事的6）Without,otherwise,but for(要不是因为) ,even if/though 常暗含虚拟条件7）恐怕，以防万一：for fear that,lest,in casee.g:He started out earlier lest he should be late.倒装句1、完全倒装(谓语动词+主语)1）There be(exist,seem,happen,appear,live,stand)2）Here, there, now, then, thus等adv置于句首, 常用be,come, go, lie, run等+主语Ps:a.除了then引导的常用过去时，其他一般用一般现在时b.是名词才倒装，代称不倒装3）表示运动方向的副词或表示地点的介词短语置于句首e.g:Out rushed a missile from under the bomber.On the top of the hill stands a pine tree.4）分词/adi/代词(such) + be +主语e.g:Gone are the days when they could do what they like to the Chinese people.Such was the story he told me.2、部分倒装（助动词/情态动词+主语）1）so, neither, nor开头，表示重复前句内容，应与原句谓语的时态一致Ps:a.当so引出的句子是对上文内容加以证实或肯定，不可用倒装结构。
if条件句的虚拟语气PPT学习教案
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5. IF 可以省略，引起部分倒装。 （were, should, had 提前）
当条件从句中出现were, should, had 等时, 可以将if 省略, 把were, should, had 放在主语的前面.
素质目标：能够使用简单的英语完成商务等应用英语 场合下的语言和文字沟通.
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重难点 If条件句的虚拟语气
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Listening
1-5 ABCCD 6-10 CDAAB 11-15 Interview First of all Experience Applying for Feel free
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Summary
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If 从句
主句
1.与现在事实 过去式 (be-- Would/should/could+
相反
were)
动词原形
2.与过去事实 过去完成式 Would/should/could+
相反
现在完成时
3.与将来事实 Were to do
相反
should do
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writing
Dear Sir or Madam, I write this letter to apply for the position that you have
advertised in____________(报纸名称)of________(广 告发布时间). Not only do I have the qualifications for this , but I also have the right personality for a ________(工作名称). Should you grant me a personal interview, I would be most grateful. If you need to know more about me, please feel free to contact me at any time at __(电话号 码)Thank you for considering my application, and I am looking forward to meeting you. Yours sincerely Li Ming