历年考研阅读同义词替换
考研英语阅读同义单词替换汇总
考研英语阅读同义单词替换汇总在阅读中有表示“地位”的同义词：status, rank在阅读中有表示“偏见”的同义词：bias, prejudice, discrimination, inequality在阅读中有表示“组成”的同义表达：constitute, be made from/of, include, consist of在阅读中有表示“导致”的同义词：result in, cause, lead to在阅读中有表示“发行”的同义词：issue, release, distribute, launch在阅读中有表示“授予”的同义词：grant, award在阅读中有表示“结果”的同义词：result, consequent, outcome, turn out to在阅读中有表示“交易”的同义词：deal, trade, exchange, transaction在阅读中有表示“能力”的同义词：ability, capability, potential, power在阅读中有表示“结束”的同义词：fulfill, finish, accomplish, carryout, achieve, complete在阅读中有表示“语言”的同义词：verbally, language, words, lingual在阅读中有表示“精确”的同义词：accuracy, precision在阅读中有表示“以前”的同义词：previous, former, latter, prior to在阅读中有表示“加强，促进”的同义词：promote, facilitate, enhance, reinforce在阅读中有表示“前景，未来”的同义词：prospect, future, expectation, outlook在阅读中有表示“顾客”的同义词：customer, client, consumer, guest在阅读中有表示“暂停、延期”的同义词：suspend, phase back, put off, stop, postpone, delayed在阅读中有表示“信息”的同义词：information, message, data, figure,statistics在阅读中有表示“公司”的同义词：enterprise, firm, company, corporation在阅读中有表示“故意”的同义词：deliberately, intentionally, purposely, on/in purpose在阅读中有表示“冷漠”的同义词：indifferent, neutral, carefree, detached(超然的)在阅读中有表示“抱怨”的同义词：complain, moan, groan在阅读中有表示“吸引”的同义词：appeal, attract, fascinate, tempt, absorb在阅读中有表示“赶上”的同义词：catch up with, keep up with在阅读中有表示“对手”的同义词：rival, equal, comparative, competitor, opponent, adversary, enemy在阅读中有表示“谨慎”的同义词：prudent, cautious（注：文档可能无法思考全面，请浏览后下载，供参考。
考研英语阅读同义词替换
考研英语阅读同义词替换1.强调：emphasis,stress,underline,highlight2.鼓励：encourage,inspire,excite,stimulate3.敌人：enemy,foe,opponent,rival4.力量：energy,force,power,might,strength,vigor5.增强：enhance,heighten,intensify,aggravate,promote,boost, strengthen,facilitate6.扩大：enlarge,amplify,expand,magnify,multiply,augment7.巨大的：enormous,huge,immense,vast,considerable,sizable8.保证：ensure,insure,assure,guarantee,pledge,promise,warrant9.娱乐：entertain,amuse10.整个的：entire,whole,complete,full,total,gross,all11.环境：environment,surroundings,circumstance12.平等的：equal,equivalent13.逃避：escape,flee,get away,run away14.特别地：especially,particularly,specially15.重要的：essential,indispensable,necessary,needful16.建立：establish,construct,build,found17.评估：estimate,appraise,assess,evaluate,value,rate18.永恒的：eternal,everlasting,perpetual,permanent19.事件：event,incident,accident,occurrence20.最终：eventually,finally,at last21.夸大：exaggerate,overestimate,overvalue,overrate22.道歉：excuse,apologize,forgive23.筋疲力尽的：exhausted,tired,weary24.展示：exhibition,show,exposition,fair,display25.扩展：expand,extend,stretch,spread26.期望：expect,anticipate27.专业的：expert,proficient,skilled28.解释：explain,interpret,exemplify,illustrate,clarify,account for29.延伸：extend,lengthen,stretch,prolong30.外部的：external,exterior,outer,outside,outward31.极其的：extreme,utmost32.公平的：fair,impartial,just,reasonable,even33.信任，信念：faith,belief,confidence,conviction,credit,trust34.忠诚的：faithful,loyal35.倒塌：fall,collapse,crash,tumble36.名誉：fame,honor,reputation,glory,prestige，credit37.熟悉的：familiar,intimate,close38.饥荒：famine,hunger,starvation39.著名的：famous,distinguished,well-known,noted,notorious(臭名昭著的=infamous=flagrant),prominent,outstanding,eminent,notable40.遥远的：far,distant,remote,a long way41.农民：farmer,peasant42.更远的：farther,further43.告别：farewell,good-bye44.时尚：fashion,style,vogue,popularity45.快速的：fast,rapid,quick,quickly,soon,swift,hasty,prompt,instant46.系牢：fasten,tie,bind,secure,chain47.肥胖的：fat,stout,plump48.致命的：fatal,deadly,mortal49.命运：fate,fortune,destiny,luck50.神父：father,priest51.错误：fault,error,mistake52.幸运的：favourable,fortunate,happy,lucky53.害怕：fear,anxiety,scare,horror,dismay,dread,fright,alarm,terror，worry,concern，apprehension54.可怕的：fearful,frightful,frighten,terrible,terrific,horrible,horrify,formidable, tremendous,afraid,intimidate55.切实可行的：feasible,possible,practicable,practical56.宴会：feast,dinner,banquet57.特征：features,characteristics,style58.感情：feeling,emotion,passion,sensation,sense,perception,sentiment59.女性的：female,feminine,woman,lady60.篱笆：fence,hedge61.多产的：fertile,productive62.发热：fever,heat63.激烈的：fierce,savage,violent64.争斗：fight,battle,war,campaign,combat65.形态：figure,pattern,design66.最终的：final,last,ultimate67.发现：find,find out,discover68.完成：finish,complete,accomplish,end,achieve,effect,fulfil69.坚固的：firm,hard,solid,stable,steady70.合适的：fit,proper,suitable,appropriate,apt,fitting71.解决：fix,settle,establish72.旗帜：flag,banner73.闪闪发光：flash,gleam,glitter,sparkle,glow,twinkle74.逃跑：flee,fly,escape,run away,get away75.舰队：fleet,navy76.灵活的：flexible,elastic,plastic77.一群：flock,herd,pack,swarm,school78.楼层：floor,storey79.繁荣：flourish,thrive,succeed,prosper（prosperous）80.流淌：flow,pour,stream,run81.脸红：flush,blush,glow82.烟雾：fog,mist,smog83.褶皱：fold,wrinkle84.食物：food,provision,diet,provisions85.傻瓜：fool,idiot86.愚蠢的：foolish,silly,stupid,dull,simple87.禁止：forbid,prohibit,ban,inhibit88.预测：forecast,foretell,predict,foresee89.改变：change,switch,alter,transform,adjust,modify90.树林：forest,woods,jungle,plantation,bushes91.重要：important,significant,critical,vital,indispensable,crucial, essential,decisive,conclusive92.忘记：forget,leave,omit,neglect,overlook,disregard,ignore,regardless93.形成：form,body,build,shape,outline,figure94.幸运的：fortunate,lucky95.向前：forwards,forth,ahead96.清泉：fountain,spring97.（香）气：fragrance,odour,flavour,smell,perfume,scent98.坦白的：frank,open,plain,blunt,honest,sincere,straightforward99.释放：free,liberate,release,discharge100.自由：freedom,liberty,independence101.朋友：friend,mate,acquaintance,pal102.有好的：friendly,agreeable,kind,cordial103.提升：further,advance,promote,contribute,push,improve,proceed,progress 104.比赛：game,match,tournament105.裂缝：gap,break,crack,gulf106.衣服：garment,clothing,costume,dress107.汽油：gasoline,petrol108.门：gate,door109.收集：gather,collect,assemble110.看：gaze,glare,stare,peer,glance111.创造：generate,produce,create,originate,invent,design,devise，concoct,contrive112.慷慨的：generous,liberal113.天才：genius,intelligence,talent,wit,wisdom114.温和的：gentle,mild,moderate,soft,tender115.真实的：genuine,actual,authentic,real,true,factual116.细菌：germ,bacteria,virus,microbe,bug117.获得：get,acquire,attain,obtain,gain,secure118.礼物：gift,present,souvenir,tip119.女孩：girl,maid,maiden,daughter120.给予：give,accord,award,confer,grant,endow,present,send121.利用：use,utilize,employ,apply122.辉煌的：glorious,gorgeous,splendid123.回顾：go over,review124.金色的：gold,golden125.再见：good-by,farewell,so long126.美德：goodness,integrity,morality,purity,virtue127.货物：goods,merchandise,ware,freight,commodity128.统治：govern,rule129.伟大的：grand,magnificent,splendid,noble130.图表：graph,chart,diagram131.抓住：grasp,hold,seize132.草：grass,herb,weed133.感激的：grateful,appreciative,thankful134.坟墓：grave,tomb135.油脂：grease,fat,oil136.打招呼：greet,salute,hail,welcome137.悲伤：grief,sorrow,distress,misery,agony,anguish138.组成：consist,compose,constitute139.抓住：grip,clasp,grasp,hold,seize140.呻吟：groan,moan,sob,sigh141.一群人：group,crowd,gang,band,mob,throng,masses,swarm142.客人：guest,visitor,passenger,customer,client143.姓氏：family name,surname,last name144.习俗：habit,custom,manners,usage,practice,convention,tradition145.暂停：pause,halt,stop,suspend146.发生：happen,occur,chance,take place，emerge147.高兴地：happy,glad,cheerful,joyful,merry,delightful,gay,pleasant,nice,jolly, agreeable148.港口：harbour,port,pier,seaport149.困难的：hard,difficult,burdensome150.几乎不：hardly,barely,scarcely,rarely151.相关的：related,relative,linked,hooked152.伤害：harm,hurt,injury153.和谐：harmony,agreement,unity,accord154.驾驭：harness,control,tame,dominate155.急切的：haste,speed,hurry156.加速：hasten,speed,hurry,dash,rush,quicken157.憎恨：hate,disgust,dislike158.骄傲的：haughty,proud,arrogant,vain，haughty，supercilious，cocky 159.拥有：have,own,possess,hold,occupy160.必须：have to,must,necessary161.校长：headmaster,director,president,principal162.处理：handle,tackle,dispose,solve,deal with,cope with,work through 163.健康的：healthy,healthful,wholesome,sound,robust,well,strong,vigorous, sturdy,tough,fit164.积累：heap,accumulate,pile,stack165.听：hear,listen166.举起：heave,raise,lift,hoist,heighten167.天堂：heaven,sky,paradise168.沉重的：heavy,weighty169.高度：height,altitude170.帮助：help,aid,assist,assistance,support171.可用的：usable,available,accessible172.认为：argue,hold,maintain173.谦逊的：unpretentious,modest174.强调：highlight,stress,emphasize,underline175.山：hill,mount,mountain,range,peak,volcano176.阻碍：hinder,prevent,block,bar177.暗示：hint,implication,suggestion,indication178.雇佣：hire,employ,engage,lease,rent,let,charter179.历史的：historic,historical180.高估：overestimate,overvalue,overrate181.设计：design,devise,create,innovate182.风险：risk,danger,venture,insecurity183.开始：dawn,start,begin,initially184.假日：holiday,festival,vacation,leave185.期望：hope,anticipate,await186.绝望:hopeless,desperate,despairing187.热：hot,warm,burning188.旅馆：hotel,inn,motel189.房屋：house,building,dwelling,shelter,habitation,home,residence,family 190.拥抱：hug,embrace,huddle191.巨大的：huge,enormous,immense,giant,gigantic,vast,massive,tremendous，extensive192.卑微：humble,humiliate,degrade,disgrace193.潮湿：humid,damp,moist,wet194.幽默的：humorous,funny,comic,witty195.饥饿：hunger,famine,starvation196.寻找：hunt,explore,track,seek197.受伤：hurt,injure,harm,wound,damage,disable198.假设：hypothesis,assumption,presumption,supposition199.想法：idea,concept,conception,thought,notion,impression200.识别：identify,recognize,make out201.懒惰：idle,lazy202.如果：if,whether,in case,provided,providing203.无知的：ignorant,illiterate204.忽视：ignore,discount,disregard,pay no attention to,turn a deaf ear,neglect, overlook,slight205.生病：ill,sick206.疾病：illness,sickness,disease,complaint207.幻想：illusion,fantasy,daydream208.想象力：imagination,fancy,fantasy,supposition209.想象：imagine,guess,suppose,conceive210.模仿：imitation,fake,copy,duplication211.立刻地：immediately,instantly,presently,directly,shortly,soon,at once,right away212.直接的：immediate,directly,at once,instantaneously,straightway,right 213.浸泡：immerse,dip,dunk,plunge,submerge214.破坏：impair,destroy,ruin,damage,hurt,wreck,demolish215.公正的：impartial,detached,neutral,unbiased,just,fair,objective216.推动力：impetus,drive,encouragement,incentive(stimulus,motivation; intention,purpose,cause,motive)217.工具：implement,tool,instrument218.暗示：imply,mean,indicate,suggest,denote,signify,hint219.重要的：important,considerable,indispensable,critical,essential,significant, vital,crucial220.欺骗：dupe,cheat,trick,deceive221.提升：improve,better,perfect,refine,mend222.冲动：impulse,desire,instinct223.及时、准时：in time,on time224.包含：include,contain,embody,comprise,compose,consist,comprehend 225.收入：income,revenue226.增加：increase,augment,add to,multiply227.实际上：indeed,really,truly,actually228.不可或缺的：indispensable,essential,necessary229.导致：induce,cause,stimulate,trigger230.总结：conclusion,summarization231.吸引：absorb,attract,tempt,lure,seduce,appeal232.便宜的：inexpensive,cheap233.有传染性的：infectious,catching234.推断：infer,deduce,conclude,gather,judge235.告知：inform,acquaint,notify,advise236.信息：information,data,message,knowledge,learning237.居住：inhabit,dwell,live,reside238.本质的：inherent,essential239.受伤：injury,hurt,harm,damage,loss,mischief240.内在的：inner,inside,interior,internal,inward241.创新：innovation(=reformation,creation,renovation),invention,novelty 242.探索：inquiry,investigation,research,survey,exploitation243.坚持：insist,persist,persevere,adhere,cling，stick244.工具：instrument,tool,device245.保证：insurance,assurance246.正直：integrity,honesty,justice247.意图：intend,mean,propose,design248.干预：interfere,interrupt,intervene249.暂时的：interim,transient,temporary250.介绍：introduce（=import引进）,present,recommend251.介绍：introduction,preface,foreword252.发明：invent,create,devise,design253.颠倒：invert,reverse254.调查：investigation,examination,inquiry255.涉及：involve,entail,concerned,concerning256.讽刺：irony,satire257.非正式的：irregular,casual,informal258.岛屿：island,peninsula259.孤立：isolate,separate,segregate,insulate260.主题：issue,keynote,motif,subject,theme,topic261.监狱：jail,prison,cell262.裤子：jeans,pants,slacks,shorts,trousers263.珠宝：jewel,jewellery,stone264.联合：join,combine,unite,connect,link,attach,couple,associate,relate,take part in265.旅行：journey,tour,travel,trip,voyage,excursion,expedition,cruise 266.判断：judgement,discrimination,sense267.跳跃：jump,leap,spring,hop,bound,skip268.交叉口：junction,cross,intersection269.公平的：just,fair270.证实：justify,warrant271.急切的：keen,acute,sharp,shrewd272.保持：keep,maintain,retain,reserve,preserve,conserve,withhold273.杀死：kill,murder,assassinate,slaughter,massacre,execute274.类型：kind,sort,type,class,classification,category,species,variety 275.点燃：kindle,fire,ignite,light276.编织：knit,spin,weave277.敲击：knock,tap,rap,pat278.获知：know,learn,comprehend,understand279.知识：knowledge,learning,scholarship,intellectualism280.标签：label,tag281.劳动：labour,toil,work,job282.缺乏：lack,need,want,require,absence,shortage,scarcity283.小伙子：lad,boy,youth284.女士：lady,miss285.语言：language,speech,tongue,dialect,idiom,slang286.跛的：lame,crippled287.灯：lamp,light288.最终的：at length,eventually,finally,in the end,lastly,latest,final289.永恒的：lasting,permanent,perpetual290.最近：lately,recently291.潜在的：latent,potential292.笑：laugh,smile,grin,beam,sneer,chuckle,giggle 293.法律：law,constitution,regulation,code,rule,act,mandate 294.草地：lawn,meadow,pasture295.放置：lay,place,put,set296.引导：lead,guide,conduct,direct297.联盟：league,federation,union,alliance298.泄露：leak,drip299.消瘦的：lean,slender,slim,slight,thin300.学习：learn,study300.学习：learn,study301.契约：lease,charter,agreement,contract302.传奇：legend,myth,tale303.借：lend,borrow,loan304.减少：lessen,diminish,decrease305.信件：letter,note,correspondence,message306.平坦的：level,smooth,flat307.倾向于：liable,apt,likely,prone,subject308.证书：license,certificate,document,papers309.举起：lift,hoist,raise,elevate,heave,boost310.喜欢：like,love,enjoy,fancy,adore,prefer311.可能的：likely,probable,possible312.限制：limit,confine,restrict,restrain,constrain,condition 313.（列）表：list,catalog,roll,schedule,table,chart 314.小或少：little,few,several,small,tiny,miniature315.居住：live,dwell,inhabit,settle,reside316.活着的：living,alive,live317.负担：load,burden318.地址：location,site,spot,situation,place319.住所：lodging,accommodation,apartment320.孤独：lonely,alone,desolate,lone,solitary321.照顾：look after,supervise322.观察：look,see,watch,observe,witness323.懒惰：loose,slack324.数据：data,figure,number,information325.保持：maintain,remain326.喜爱：love,like,enjoy,prefer327.便宜：low,mean,cheap,shabby328.幸运的：lucky,fortunate329.木头：lumber,timber,wood,log330.诱惑：lure,tempt,induce,attract,seduce,fascinate,appeal331.机器：machine,machinery,mechanism,apparatus,engine,motor332.开心：pleasure,pleasant,happy,delight333.疯狂：madness,craziness334.杂志：magazine,journal,periodical,publication,newspaper,review,press, quarterly335.放大：magnify,amplify,enlarge,expand，exaggerate336.邮寄：mail,post337.主要的：mainly,chiefly,greatly,largely,mostly,primarily,principally,generally 338.保持：maintain,conserve,preserve,save,store339.制造：make,cause,get,have,render,fabricate,manufacture,produce340.恶化：make sth.worse,aggravate,deteriorate,sour341.利用：make use of,take advantage of,utilize,harness342.人类：man,mankind,humanity,people,person343.明显的：manifest,obvious,patent,evident,apparent344.方式：manner,air,bearing,method,way,mode,fashion,means,approach 345.制造：manufacture,produce,product,production346.许多：many,much,abundant,adequate,sufficient347.次要的：marginal,minor,negligible,minimal348.奇迹：marvel,miracle,wonder,phenomenon349.令人惊讶的：marvelous,astonished,surprise,amaze350.男性的：masculine,male,manly351.对手：match,opponent,adversary,rival352.物质：material,matter,substance,stuff353.事件：matter,affair,issue354.成熟的：mature,ripe,ripen355.可能：maybe,perhaps,possibly,probably356.卑微的：mean,base,low,humble357.寓意：meaning,implication,sense358.法案：act,bill,mandate359.药物：medicine,drug,chemicals,remedy360.中等的：medium,median,average361.遇见：meet,encounter,confront,face,contact,satisfy,cater to 362.会议：meeting,conference,congress,assembly,council,rally 363.旋律：melody,song,tune,theme364.溶解：melt,dissolve,fuse365.记住：memorize,remember,recall,recollect,remind366.修理：mend,repair,patch,fix367.心理的：mental,spiritual,psychological368.提及：mention,refer to369.商人：merchant,businessman,trader,tradesman,dealer370.好处：merit,distinction,credit,virtue,perfection,advantage 371.混乱：mess,confusion,disorder,fuss,tangle372.方法：method,way,manner,approach373.中间：middle,midst374.思维：mind,intellect,intelligence,brains,wit,wisdom,spirit,soul 375.时刻：minute,moment,instant376.可怜的：miserable,wretched,unhappy,sorry377.不幸：misfortune,disaster,catastrophe378.错误：mistake,error,fault,shortcoming,flaw,defect379.混合：mix,mingle,blend,combine,merge380.混合物：mixture,blend,combination,compound,composite 381.现代的：modern,contemporary,current,recent,present,up-to-date 382.谦虚的：modest,humble383.微小颗粒：molecule,atom,particle384.时刻：moment,instant,minute385.钱：money,cash,coin,currency386.脾气：mood,humor,temper387.道德：morals,morality,ethics388.超过：more than,over,above389.运动：motion,move,movement,campaign390.促进：motivate,drive,prompt391.塑造：mould,forge,form,shape392.老鼠：mouse,rat393.移动：move,affect,shift,transfer,remove394.小声说：murmur,mutter,whisper395.忧虑的：worried,apprehensive396.相互的：mutual,common,joint,reciprocal397.命名：name,call,designate,title398.民族：nation,people,race,state,country,land,power 399.本性：nature,character,personality400.接近：near,close401.几乎：nearly,almost402.整齐的：neat,tidy,trim,orderly403.必须的：necessary,essential404.细碎的：negligible,minor,trivial405.谈判：negotiate,bargain,talk406.邻居：neighbourhood,vicinity407.紧张的：nervous,restless,impatient,uneasy,tense 408.新的：new,fresh,novel,original,innovative 409.报纸：newspaper,journal,press410.医生：doctor,physician,surgeon,dentist411.几乎不：hardly,barely,rarely,scarcely412.保护：guard,safe guard,protect,secure413.噪音：noise,sound,voice414.任命：nominate,appoint,choose,designate,propose 415.无用的：nonsense,rubbish416.标准：norm,criterion,measure,standard417.正常的：normal,ordinary,regular,natural418.注意：notice,note,mind,attend,remark419.告知：notify,announce,inform,proclaim,publish 420.概念：notion,concept,sentiment421.图表chart,graph422.养育：nourish,feed423.小说：novel,romance,fiction,story,fable,tale424.如今：now,nowadays425.培养：nurse,tend,foster,cultivate,cherish,nurture 426.誓言：oath,pledge,vow,promise427.遵从的：obedient,disciplined428.遵守：obey,comply,submit,conform429.反对：object,oppose,resist,protest430.义务：obligation,duty,responsibility,liability431.障碍：obstacle,barrier,obstruction,bar432.顽固的：obstinate,stubborn433.障碍：obstruction,obstacle434.机遇：occasion,chance,opportunity435.罕见的：occasional,rare,scarce,uncommon436.冒犯：offend,insult437.提出：offer,present,propose,volunteer438.官员：officer,official439.后代：offspring,descendant,heir,successor440.改变：change,revolutionize,transform,modify,switch,alter 441.仅仅：only,single,sole,unique,alone442.模糊：opaque,obscure,dull443.观点：opinion,view,sentiment,idea444.对手：opponent,competitor,enemy,foe,rival445.机遇：opportunity,chance,occasion446.赞同：sympathetic,consent447.相反的：opposite,contrary,adverse,reverse,converse 448.压迫：oppress,abuse,persecute,depress,suppress449.乐观的：optimistic,hopeful450.选择：option,alternative,choice,election,selection。
阅读100组同义替换
雅思阅读同义替换1. resemble =like=look like=be similar to 像2. called=known as=named=refer to 被叫作3. recognize=perceive=acknowledge=realize=identity=understand=know 认出，识别4. change=modify=shift=alter=transform 改变5. approach=method=way=technique 方法6. fundamental=rudimentary=preliminary=basic 基本的，基础的7. domestic=home=local=national 国内的8. measure=calculate=assess=evaluate 测量9. trait=characteristic=feature=property 特征10. emphasize=focus on=stress=concentrate on 强调，着重11. artificial=synthetic=man-made 人造的，仿造的12. prompt =immediate 立刻的13. exchange=share 交换，分享14. analyze=examine=diagnose 分析15. ignore=neglect=overlook=underestimate 忽视，不顾16. diversity=variety=difference 多样性，差异17. detect=find=look for=seek=search 查明，发现18.isolated=inaccessible 隔离，孤立的19.world-wide=international=global 全世界的20.avoid=escape=evitable 避免21.hinder=impede=prevent=deter 阻碍pensate=make up for=offset 补偿，赔偿ponent=proportion=element 成分，要素24.criteria=standard 标准25.feasible=viable=practical=workable 可行的26.constrain=stop=control=limit 束缚，限制27.deficiency=shortage=defect=weakness=downside=disadvantage 缺陷，缺点28. enormous=massive=tremendous 庞大的，巨大的29. imitate=mimic=copy=replicate=duplicate 模仿30. impair=damage 削弱，破坏31. legitimate= legal 合法的32.convention=tradition 习俗33.determine=decide 决定34.ancient=aged=old=past=ancestral 古代的, 古老的35.beneficial=helpful=advantageous=wholesome 有益的36.conscious=aware=knowing有意识的，神志清醒的37.secrete=discharge=exude 分泌38.exaggerate=overstate 夸大，夸张39. transmit=pass=send=transfer 传达，传输40. extinct=die out=lost 灭绝41. exclusive=only=particular 独有的, 排外的, 专一的42.guarantee=assure 保证，担保43.inherit=receive=take over 继承44.witness=view=see 见证45. option=choice选择46. priority=preference 优先权47.primary=principal=main=major主要的48. principle=rule=law 原理，法则49. potential=possible 潜在的50.sophisticate=complicate=complex 使复杂51. specific=detailed=particular 明确的, 特殊的52. swift=quick=rapid 迅速的，敏捷的，立刻的53.unexpected=surprising=striking 出乎意料的54.attempt=try=endeavor 试图，尝试55.expertise=knowledge=skill=crafty 专门技术56.faculty=ability 能力57. donate=contribute=endow 捐赠58.incentive=motive=stimulus 剌激，鼓励; 动机59.mortality=death rate 死亡率60.peripheral=unimportant=minor=trivial 次要的61. vicinity=neighborhood=nearby 邻近，附近62.threaten=endanger=jeopardize=risk=hazard 威胁，危及63. practice=method= exercise 实行；练习64.bacteria=virus=germ=microbe 细菌65.innate=built-in=inborn 天生的；内在的，直觉的66. pattern=formation=format 模式67.therapy=treatment 治疗，理疗68.original=initial=first 原始的，最初的69.confidential=secret=undisclosed=hidden 机密的，秘密的70. comply with=obey 照做，遵守71. superior= higher=upper 上级的；优秀的72. co-ordinate= organize= harmonize 使……协调73. differ=vary 使……不同74. cue=hint=clue 线索75. signal=symbol=mark=sign 信号76. abandon=quit=give up=forsake=derelict 放弃，遗弃77. halt=stop=quit 停止78. fragile=vulnerable 脆弱的79. retain=maintain 保持80. vanish=disappear 消失，绝迹81. delivery=send 递送82. induce=cause=lead to 引起，引诱83.stable=steady=constant= unchanged 稳定的，不变的84.integrate=combine=incorporate 使......成整体85. grant=offer=award=confer 拨款，授予86. adversity=trouble=difficulty=hardship 逆境，不幸87. aggression=attack 侵犯，侵害88. agreeable=pleasant 令人愉快的, 适合的, 和蔼可亲的89. application n= utilization=employment 应用90. assign=allocate=distribute 分配, 指派91. association n =connection 联系92. authority=government 当局，权威93. be consistent with=compatible 与……一致94. bear=tolerate=stand 承担, 忍受95. blight=destroy=plague 损害；枯萎96. bungle=mishandle 搞槽，拙劣地工作97. burden=load 负担98. capacity=volume 容量99. catastrophic=disastrous 灾难的100. communal= public 公共的。
考研英语同义替换词含所有
第1页
对手，敌人 enemy [ˈenimi]n.敌人，仇敌，敌军 competitor [kəәm petitəә]n.竞争者；比赛者 rival [ˈraivəәl]n.竞争对手 a.竞争的 vt.竞争；与…匹敌 opponent [əәˈpəәunəәnt]n.敌手，对手；反对者 adversary [ˈædvəәsəәri] n.对手，敌
比赛竞赛 game [geim]n.游戏；比赛；局，盘，场[ pl.]运动会 contest [kəәnˈtest, ˈkɔntest]n.比赛；争夺 vt.争夺，竞争；质疑，辩驳 hold a contest to… match [mætʃ] n.比赛；对手；匹配；火柴 v.相配，相称 competition [ˌkɔmpəәˈtiʃəәn]n.竞争，比赛
阅读理解同义替换（上）
社会生活
名词类
各种人
婴幼儿 baby child [tʃaild]n.小孩，儿童；子女，孩子 toddler ['tɑdləә(r)]n. 初学走路的孩子 infant [ˈinfəәnt]n.婴儿，幼儿 a.婴儿的，幼稚的，初期的
青少年 youngster [ˈjʌŋstəә]n.青年 youth [ju:θ]n.青春，青少年时代；男青年[总称]青年们 teen [tɪːn]n. 青少 teenager [ˈti:neid əә]n.(13～19 岁的)青少年 adolescent [ædəәˈlesəәnt]n.青少年 a.青春期的，青少年的 adolescence [ˌædəәuˈlesəәns]n.青春期 juvenile [ˈd u:vəәnail] a.少年(特有)的；幼稚的 n.未成年人，少年
工具，设备
tool [tu:l]n.工具，用具；方法，手段 appliance [əәˈplaiəәns]n.器具，器械，装置 kit [kit]n.成套工具(用品)；配套元件 vt.装备 equipment [iˈkwipməәnt]n.设备，器械，装备 device [diˈvais]n.装置，设备，器械；手段，策略 apparatus [ˌæpəәˈreitəәs] n.器械，器具，仪器；机构，组织 facility [fəәˈsiliti]n.［pl.]设备，设施 instrument [ˈinstruməәnt]n.仪器，器械，工具；乐器
考研英语大作文同义词替换
★高频形容词：1.贫穷的：poor = needy = impoverished = poverty-stricken2.富裕的：rich = wealthy = affluent = well-to-do = well-off3.优秀的：excellent = eminent = top = outstanding4.积极的，好的：good = conducive = beneficial=advantageous5.消极的，不良的：bad = detrimental = baneful =undesirable6.明显的：obvious = apparent = evident =manifest7.健康的: healthy = robust = sound = wholesome8.惊人的：surprising = amazing = extraordinary = miraculous9.美丽的：beautiful = attractive = gorgeous = eye-catching10.有活力的：energetic = dynamic = vigourous =animated11.流行的：popular = prevailing = prevalent = pervasive★高频动词：1.提高，加强：improve = enhance= promote = strengthen = optimize2.引起：cause = trigger = endanger3.解决：solve =resolve =address = tackle =cope with = deal with4.拆除：destroy = tear down = knock down = eradicate5.培养: develop = cultivate = foster = nurture6.激发，鼓励：encourage = motivate = stimulate = spur7.认为：think = assert = hold = claim = argue8.完成：complete = fulfill = accomplish= achieve精品资料9.保留：keep = preserve = retain = hold10.有害于：destroy = impair = undermine = jeopardize11.减轻: ease = alleviate = relieve = lighten★高频名词：1.影响：influence= impact2.危险：danger = perils =hazards3.污染：pollution = contamination4.人类：human beings= mankind = humane race5.老人：old people= the old = the elderly = the aged = senior citizens6.幸福：happiness = cheerfulness = well-being7.老师：teachers = instructors = educators = lecturers8.教育：education = schooling = family parenting = upbringing9.青少年：young people = youngsters = youths = adolescents10.优点：advantage = merits = superiority = virtue11.责任：responsibility = obligation = duty = liability12.能力：ability = capacity = power = skill13.职业：job = career = employment = profession14.娱乐：enjoyment = pastimes = recreation= entertainment15.孩子：children = offspring = descendant = kid★高频短语：1.充满了：be filled with = be awash with = be inundate with = be saturatedwith精品资料2.努力：struggle for = aspire after = strive for = spare no efforts for3.从事：embark on = take up = set about = go in for4.在当代: in contemporarysociety = in present-day society= in this day andage5.大量的: a host of = a multitude of = a vast number of = a vast amount of精品资料人生中每一次对自己心灵的释惑，都是一种修行，都是一种成长。
考研英语阅读历年真题常见同意替换总结
考研英语阅读历年真题常见同意替换总结考研英语阅读历年真题常见同意替换总结1. purchasing power of incomesMaximizetheir incomes = increase the purchasing power of incomes （同意替换）2. property = real estate （同意替换）stockexchange， venture investment3. precision = accuracy4. Thinking ability = critical thinking =creative= innovation5. reasoning = logical thought =thought6. popular culture= common culture7. cultural power= assimilating power8. more often than not = oftenThe decline of telephone is but all too natural in communicationdevelopment.He more often than not comes here. （短语精讲）9. prevent （同意替换）= hinder= refrain= deter（同意替换）翻译：他生病了所以没有去。
Illnessprevented him from going there.10. judge = Justice （必考含义）11. apprehension （必考含义） = worryapprehensiveability 理解力量12. mind = people= individual 同意替换13. faith=confidence=assertiveness 信念（同意替换）14. drug= medicine15. dismiss 斥责= rebuke=criticize16. tap 开发 tap the market = explore themarket = expand the market17. verbally18. entail =make= cause19. nature ；nurture/ born ； made /inherited ；acquired/（先天和后天）innate （同意替换）cognitive/intuitive made/born20. attribute= character=trait=merit=feature=virtue 特点；特质（同意替换）21. complementary=auxiliary （同意替换）22. suits = enable （同意替换）= entail23. visualize=imagine=conceive24. mechanical = unchanged （同意替换）Mechanical learning （短语搭配）Dynamic=changeable=variable； varyModify=change25. distinction= fame （同意替换）（必考词义）26. implication ； connotation； suggestion； reference；（同意替换）carry important implications for（短语动词）27. accumulation = expansion （同意替换）= augmentation28.literally = actually=absolutely （同意替换）逐字地；照字面地；的确地，真正地；[口语]差不多，简直（用于加强语意）29. initiatives=measures （同意替换）Initiatives =intentionInitiative =activeInitiative=primitive=beginning30.spontaneity = informal （同意替换）craft=formalendeavors=efforts=acts Act31.Doubt= deny= don‘t believeSuspect =believe32.Determine = find out33. 经济下滑，衰退slowing economysoftening economystagnant economyeconomic recessioneconomic declineeconomic stagnation （stagnant）。
考研阅读高频同义替换词汇总
阅读高频同义替换词大汇总注1：下面的等号不代表词义词性的完全相同，只是一种意思上的对应。
注2：红色字体单词不常用，但是比较重要。
/财产：property = real estate = estate = asset/精确：precision = accuracy/创新：thinking ability = critical thinking = creative = innovation/认为合理：think proper = logical thinking/推理：reasoning = logical thought = thought/大众文化：popular culture = common culture/文化力：cultural power = assimilating power/阻止：prevent = hinder = refrain = deter/法官：judge = Justice/忧虑：apprehension = worry = anxiety = depression = gloomy = frustration/人：mind(有才智的人;精英) = people = individual/信心：faith = confidence = assertiveness/斥责：dismiss = rebuke = criticize/tap(开发)：tap the market = explore the market = expand the market/处理：resolve = handle = tackle = deal with = cope with = dispose = address/繁荣：prosperous = flourish = boom/合并：merger and acquisition = consolidation = concentration/转变,转换：alter = change = transform = shift = switch = modify = convert = vary/替换：replace = substitute = displace = change/首位：predominance = primary = primitive = primacy/参加：attendance = join in = take part in = participate(participant 参与者) = be present at/强调：stress = highlight = emphasize = underline/增加：increase = rise = raise = boost = skyrocket = advance = progresmprove = grows = i = enhance = soar = develop/数据：data = statistics = figure/复杂：complicated = mixed = complex = perplex = intricate = sophisticated = confused/影响：impact = affect = influence/压力：stress = pressure = press = strain/政客：politician = statesman/特点：feature = characteristic = trait/改革：reform = revolution/心情：mood = emotion = atmosphere/愤怒：rage = outrage = grievance = indignation/限制：limit = restrict = constrict = discipline = confine= hold back = scale back = curb on(遏制)/地位：status = rank/可用的：usable = available = applicable = leisure(空闲的)/偏见：bias = prejudice = discrimination = inequality/授予：grant = award/语言：verbally = language = words = lingual/交易：deal = trade = exchange = transaction/加强：promote = facilitate = enhance = strengthen = reinforce/保守：conservative(conservation 保存) = traditional = custom/顾客：customer = client = consumer = guest/暂停,延期：suspend = phase back = put off = postpone = delayed/信息：information = message = data = figure = statistics/故意：deliberately = intentionally = purposely = on/in purpose/冷漠：indifferent = neutral(中立的) = carefree/吸引：appeal = attract = fascinate = tempt/作为：serve as = function as/对手：rival = equal = comparative = competitor = opponent = adversary /谨慎：prudent = cautious = discreet = scrupulous = wary = alert/标准：standard = level = criteria/地区：regions = scope = range = sphere(势力范围)/观察：perceive = observe公平,公正：fair(fairness) = impartial = just = unbiased = disinterested/保护：protect = guard = safeguard = defend(defendant 辩护,被告) = shield/生产：yield = manufacturer = generate/脆弱：vulnerable = weak = feeble = fragile = susceptible/关于：concerning = in terms of = with respect to/主张：claim = proclaim = remark = advocate = allegation = comment/ 部分, 成分：component = portion = element = proportion = percentage = ingredient = constituent = part/意识：aware = conscious/承认：admit = acknowledge/永恒：eternal = permanent = everlasting = perpetual = invariable/谋生：earn one's living = make one's living = live off/值得尊敬：worthy = respectable(区别:respective 分别的)/尊敬：worship = esteem = admire/遵守：comply with = conform to/水流：currency = stream/获得：gain = acquire = achieve = fetch = obtain = derive/培养：nurture = foster = cultivate/学术：academic = scholastic = scholarly/奇怪：weird = odd = peculiar = strange/模糊：dim = vague = obscure = loom/薪水：salary = pay = wage = emolument/津贴：subsidy = pension = allowance/告示：announcement = notice = poster = bulletin/需要：require = need = take = want = call for = cry for = entail(需要,使必要) = demand/痛苦：misery(miserable) = suffering = pain = unpleasant = grief = grievance(还有“不满,愤怒”之意)/权力：power = authority = control = dominance = rule(统治) = influence(影响力)/迷惑的,欺骗的：misleading = confusing = deceptive = unrealistic = misrepresentative = false /不清楚的, 不确定的：unclear = uncertain = doubtful = undecided = unsure = in doubt = vague = ambiguous/经常,通常：often = more often than not(往往,多半) = every so often = frequently = usually = over and over again = time and again = repeatedly = habitually = regularly/认为：argue = maintain = allege = insist = affirm = hold = think = suppose/表明：show = prove = illustrate = demonstrate = confirm = indicate = establish = suggest = reveal = uncover = disclose = make known/ 批评：critical(criticism) = disapproving = disagreeing = disapproval = blame =censure = disparage/大众：the masses = the general public = consumers(消费者) = ordinary people = rank andfile(普通成员) = populace(百姓,平民)/ 重要的：important = significant = vital = imperative = central = chief = key = main = essential = principal = critical = crucial = weighty = indispensable(不可或缺)/招收：enroll = employ = take on = enlist = draft(征募) = engage(聘用) = conscript = sign up = enroll = hire = recruit = select(选拔)/感觉,意识到：sense = feel = understand = realize/供给：supply = stock = provide = furnish = feed = provision/愚笨的：clumsy = awkward = unskillful/怀疑的：doubtful = suspicious = questionable = suspect = uncertain = dubious = skeptical/难以置信地：incredibly = unbelievably = unlikely/保护：protect = defend = guard = shelter = shield = preserve/例外：exception = exclusion/自然地：naturally = certainly = surely = indeed注：反义是artificially(人工地)/全体人员：personnel = staff = faculty(全体教员) = crew = workers/适当地,正确地：properly = appropriately = suitably = correctly/适度的：moderate = modest = proper/扩大：widen = broaden = enlarge = extend = expand = stretch/源于：derive from = originate from = stem from = come from/多样性：diversity = variety = multiplicity = difference/狭窄的,缩小：narrow = limited = restricted = tighten = narrow down/交流：communicate = convey = transmit = inform/ 完全地, 彻底地：completely = entirely = utterly = fully = altogether = thoroughly = absolutely = perfectly = totally/方面,外观：aspect = appearance = look = view/性格,品质：character = quality = personality = nature/无意识的：unconscious = unaware = absent-minded = unintentional/分析,研究：analyze = evaluate = study/贡献：contribute = donate = provide = give/描述：describe = portray = represent = picture/职业,行业：profession = occupation = career = trade/任务：mission = assignment = duty = task/业绩，执行：performance = act = achievement = accomplishment/尤其,特别：especially = particularly = primarily = chiefly/显著地,非凡地：remarkably = extraordinarily = unusually = surprisingly/ 巨大的：enormous = huge = vast = massive = giant = mammoth = gigantic = colossal = gargantuan = titanic = immense/考虑：contemplate = meditate = ponder = speculate/一致的：consensus = consistent = unanimous = coherent/商品：commodity = merchandise = purchase(购置物)/小册子：brochure = booklet = pamphlet/充足的：ample = affluent = plentiful = sufficient = superfluous = abundant = adequate/假冒,模仿：simulate = imitate = disguise = mock = forge = hypocrisy = pattern/小屋：hut = shed = cottage/渗透：permeate = penetrate = saturate/租：lease = rent = tenant = hire/暂时的,临时的：temporary = transient = interim = tentative = briefly/气味：scent = odor = fragrant = perfume/腐败,侵蚀：corrode = rot = decay = corrupt = stale = degenerate/退：repel = recede = retreat = retire/鄙视：contempt = despise = scorn = disdain = look down upon /波动：swing = sway = vibrate = fluctuate/微不不不不: negligible不 trivial不 insignificant/不不不不不不: fragile不 brittle不 crisp不 delicate/不不不: prominent不 eminent不 renowned/不不不不不: reclaim不 refund不 retrieve不 withdraw/不不: affiliate不 appendix不 auxiliary/不不不: energetic不 robust不 Vigorous不 brisk不 dynamic/不不: satire不 sarcastic/不不: reputation不 celebrity不fame不 prestige/不不不: underlying不 implicit不 latent不loom不 potential/不不: vocation不 occupation不 pursuit/不不: remedy不 therapy不 medication/不不: commence不 outset不 threshold/管理: supervise=administrate=manage= regulate/不不不: tedious不 monotonous/不不不: swift不 prompt不 Instant/不:heap不 stack不pile/不不: nourish不 nurture不rear不 foster/不不: likelihood不 possibility不 potentiality/不不不: authentic不 engine不real/不不不: inherent不 Intrinsic不 Innate不 inborn/不不不: primitive不 primeval不 Incipient/不不不: remainder不 surplus不 redundant不 remnant不 excess/不不不不不: inherit不 heritage不 legacy不 successor/不不不: conventional-不 traditional不 orthodox不 used to do/不不: impair不 damage不ruin不harm/不不不: conspicuous不 obvious不 evident/不不: refute不 retort不 contradict/不不: solemn不 sacred不 males/不不不不不: renovate不 revive不 refresh不 rejuvenate不 regain不 restore。
考研英语阅读之同义替换解析
考研英语阅读之同义替换解析随着炎炎夏日的到来, 同学们的复习进度也正在进行的如火如荼。
在英语阅读块面，仔细阅读考研文章之后, 再来看题目和选项, 相比很多同学都已经发现一个共性，那就是：同义替换。
很多题目和选项都或多或少的与原文里的句子有些不大一样，但是意思却基本相同。
Text1 是一篇讲述如何在对话中有效使用幽默的文章1. ：To make your humor work, you should ________.答案C：address different problems to different people定位原文：Depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will be different.答题要点：既然是细节题,并且出现在第一道,那么应该正确答案理应出现在文章前面段落,并且很可能就是第一段.正确选项和原文之间并非出现词汇的同义替换, 而是换了句型.2：The joke about doctors implies that, in the eyes of nurses, they are ________.正确答案B：very conscious of their godlike role原文复现："Who is that?" the new arrival asked St. Peter. "Oh, that's God," came the reply, "but sometimes he thinks he's a doctor."答题要点：这个题目难度较大, 但是解本题的时候, 除了找到此同义替换局外, 还有一点是关键的, 那就是这个例子出现的背景, 那就是护士对医生有着一致的看法和观点, 并且绝对不是一种好的评价, 所以才会拿来开玩笑. 所以再结合原文, 应该推断, B为正确选项.说明医生很在乎自己上帝般的角色God再次出现。
考研英语二历年阅读同义词替换
同义替换1.富裕的：rich = wealthy = affluent = well-off2.贫穷的：poor = needy = impoverished = poverty-stricken3. 优秀的：excellent = eminent = top = outstanding=superb4. 积极的：good = conducive = beneficial=advantageous5. 消极的：bad = detrimental= baneful =undesirable6. 明显的：obvious = apparent = evident =manifest=clear=self-evident7. 健康的: healthy = robust = sound = wholesome8. 惊人的：surprising = amazing = extraordinary = miraculous=astonishing9. 美丽的：beautiful = attractive = gorgeous =pretty10. 有活力的：energetic = dynamic = vigorous11. 流行的：popular = prevailing = prevalent= pervasive12. 提高/加强：improve = enhance= promote = strengthen = optimize=better13. 诱因：cause = trigger14. 解决：solve =resolve =address = tackle =cope with = deal with=handle15. 培养: develop = cultivate = foster = nurture16. 激发/鼓励：encourage = motivate = stimulate = spur17. 认为：think = assert= hold = claim=argue=contend=maintain=insist=believe18. 完成：complete = fulfill =accomplish= achieve19. 保留：keep = preserve = retain = hold20. 损害：destroy = impair = undermine = jeopardize21. 减轻: ease = alleviate = relieve = lighten22. 影响：influence= impact=effect=implication23. 危险：danger = perils =hazard24. 污染：pollution = contamination25. 人类：human beings= mankind = the human race26. 老人： old people= the old = the elderly =the aged = senior citizens27. 幸福：happiness = cheerfulness = well-being28. 老师：teachers = instructors = educators = lecturers29. 教育：education = schooling = family parenting = upbringing30. 青少年：young people = youngsters = youths = adolescents=teenagers31. 优点：advantage = merit = superiority = virtue=upside=strength32. 缺点/弊端：drawback=defect=demerit=weakness=downside=dis advantage33. 能力：ability = capacity = power = skill34. 职业：job = career = employment = profession=occupation35. 娱乐：enjoyment = pastime= recreation= entertainment36. 孩子：children = offspring = descendant= kid37. 努力：struggle for = aspire after = strive for = spare no efforts for38. 从事：embark on = take up = set about = go in for39. 在当代: in contemporary society = in present-day society= in this day and age40. 大量的: a host of = a multitude of = a vast number of = a vast amount of41. 加速：accelerate=speed up42. 参加：attend=participate in=engage in=join in43. 得到/获得：achieve=obtain=gain=access to44. 使适应/融为一体：adapt to=integrate into45.目标：aim=objective=goal46.关注/聚焦于：aim at=focus on=concentrate on=emphasize on=lay emphasis on=attach importance to=pay attention to47. 想去做：attempt to do=try to do=intend to do48.大约：approximately=roughly=about=some=around49.因此：as a result=consequently=as aconsequence=hence=thus=therefore=so50. 与...有关：associate with=connect with=link with=relate to=involve in51.随机：at will=at random＝by chance=by accident=accidentally=automatically52.确保：ensure=guarantee53.与...相似：be similar to=be closely resembled =have something in common54.被用于做...：be used to=be devoted to55.快速地：by leaps and bounds=briskly =rapidly=swiftly56.赶上...步伐:catch up with=keep pace with57.主要的：chief=major=dominant=principal58.关心的问题：concern =focus59.概念：conception=notion=idea60.面临：be confronted with=encounter=be in the face of61.污染：contaminate=pollute62.导致：contribute to=result in=lead to=be responsible for63.与...合作：cooperate with=work with=collaborate with64.转变为：convert to=turn into65.出现：crop up=crop out=come up=appear66.致命的：deadly=fateful=fatal67.减少：diminish=decrease=shrink68.区别/不同：distinction=difference=discrepancy=disparity69.辨别：distinguish=tell70.由于：owing to=thanks to=due to=because of71.责任：responsibility = obligation = duty = liability72.威胁：endanger=threaten73.查明：ascertain=find out=figure out=work out74.发展：evolve=develop=progress=advance75.开始：embark upon=start=launch=begin76.启蒙/教育：enlighten=illuminate=instruct=educate77.基础：foundation=basis78.资助：finance=sponsor=fund79.障碍：hurdle=barrier80.暗示：indicate=suggest81.对...做出反应：be in reaction to=respond to82.重要的：important=significant=crucial=essential=fundamenta l=critical=vital=indispensable=imperative83.方法：approach=means=method=technique84.可能性：likelihood=possibility85.掌握：master=grasp86.错误的理解：misconception=misunderstanding=mistaken view87.改变：modify=change=alter=transform=revolutionize88.本质：nature=character=essence89.模式：pattern=format=model90.描述：portray=describe91.保护：conserve=protect=preserve92.调查：questionnaire=survey93.容易地：readily=easily=accessibly94.依靠：rely on=depend on=bank on95.状况：state=situation=circumstance96.成功/成就：success=achievement=great outcome=great progress=huge development97.天赋：talent=gift98. 吸收：absorb=assimilate99.有保留地赞同：agree partly=agree with reservation100.谚语：saying=proverb101.把……奉献于/专注于：devote to=dedicate to102.期望/预期：expect=anticipate103.宣传：publicize=propagandize104.古老的：old=ancient105.著名的：well-known=famous=prestigious106.偏见/歧视：bias=prejudice=discrimination107.大都市：big city=metropolis108.冲突：conflict=collision109.传统/习俗：custom=convention=tradition110.立法：lawmaking=legislation111.时不时：from time to time=now and then=once in a while=at times112.经常：often =frequently =repeatedly113.一再：time after time=again and again114.根据：according to= on the basis of=on the ground of=in the light of= in line with=in accordance with115.增大：enlarge=extend=amplify=magnify116.假定：suppose=assume=postulate=hypothesize117.前述的：aforementioned=aforesaid118.从古至今：from ancient times to the present day=down through the ages119.以此标准来算：by this criterion=by this standard120.结果：result=aftermath= consequence121.简而言之：put simply=in short=in brief122.行为：conduct=behavior=doings123.观点：view=viewpoint=point of view=idea=assertion=argument=perspective=standp oint=statement=claim124.来自：stem from=come from=result from=flow from125.暗淡的：gloomy=dark=dim126.迹象：hint=clue=a slight suggestion127.范围：scope=field=realm128.评估：assess=evaluate129.承认：admit=acknowledge=confess=concede130.具体的：specific=concrete=tangible130.解药：cure=remedy131.模糊的：ambiguous=vague=obscure132.影响深远的：far-reaching=profound133.忍受：bear=put up with=endure=stand134.证据：evidence=facts=proof=grounds135.令人惊讶的：amazing=astonishing=astounding136.无法避免的：unavoidable=inevitable137.理解：understand=comprehend=catch the meaning of138.动力：impetus=driving force= momentum139.不恰当：inappropriate=improper= unsuitable140.有意义的：meaningful=fulfilling141.确切地说：to be exact=to be precise= precisely142.强调：emphasize=stress=highlight=underline=underscore= accent143.真正的:genuine=authentic=real144.怪异的:eccentric=peculiar=odd145.炫耀：boast about=show off=speak too highly of146.照顾：take care of=take charge of= attend to=watch over147.增长：increase=grow=climb=mount=ascend=go up=jump=leap=surge=soar=rocket=skyrocket148.下降：decrease=decline=fall=reduce=descend=diminish=dr op=sink=slide=shrink=godown=collapse=plunge=slump149.波动：go up and down=rise and fall=fluctuate150.保持稳定：remain stable=stay stable=remain unchanged=stay unchanged=remain steady=stay steady=remain constant=stay constant=level off=level out=stabilize151.达到顶点至：reach the peak at=reach the summit at=reach the top at=reach the highest point at=reach the zenith at=reach the climax at151.坠入谷底至：bottom at=reach the bottom at=reach the lowest point at152.平稳地：gradually=slightly=smoothly=steadily=gently=slowly =moderately=modestly153.急剧地：dramatically=sharply=considerably=rapidly=suddenly =greatly=alarmingly=remarkably=significantly=enor mously=substantially=markedly=steeply=hugely=am azingly=drastically=tremendously154.占：make up=occupy=represent=account for=form=constitute155.描述/展示：show=illustrate=present=reveal=demonstrate=displa y=outline=describe=depict156.标准：standard=criterion=gauge157.心理健康：psychological soundness=psychological health158.教学法：teaching methodology=teaching method159.适应：adapt to=adjust to =become accustomed to160.给学生动力：motivate students to do =give students motivation to do161.盲从：follow...indiscriminately=follow...blindly162.限制创造力的发展：constrain creativity=hinder creativity163.打击学生积极性：dampen the students’enthusiasm=frustrate the students164.逆境：adverse circumstances=adversity165.独立思考：think independently=think by oneself166.理论和实践相结合：integrate theory withpractice=put theory into practice167.课程：curriculum=subject168.不遵守纪律：indiscipline=misbehavior169.全面发展的：well-rounded=versatile170.尖端先进的技术：cutting-edge technology=advanced technology171.信息爆炸：information explosion=information overload172.信息时代：information age=information era173.提高效率：enhance efficiency=boost efficiency174.提高生产效率：enhance productivity=boost productivity175.受到普遍欢迎：gain widespread popularity=win tremendous popularity176.能源危机：energy crisis=energy pinch177.当局：authorities=governments178.规范/管理：regulate=monitor179.实施：implement=exert180.严禁：strictly prohibit=forbid181.拨款: invest in=allocate money to =dedicate money to182.政府开支：government spending=government expenditure183.把…当成当务之急：give priority to=put...in the first place184.生活节奏：the tempo of life=the pace of life185.交通堵塞：traffic jam=traffic congestion186.阻碍...的发展：hinder the development of=hamper the development of187.居民：residents=city dwellers188.城乡差距：the disparity between the city and the countryside=the gap between the city and the countryside189.贫富差距：the disparity between the wealthy and the impoverished=the gap between the wealthy and the impoverished190.人口爆炸：population explosion=population boom191.计划生育：family planning=birth control192.性别歧视：gender bias=sexual discrimination193.文明的社会：a civilized society =an enlightened society194.家庭暴力：domestic violence=family violence 195.家庭情感纽带：family bonds=family ties196.广泛使用：the proliferation of=the wide use of 197.祖先：ancestor=forefather198.后代：descendant=offspring199.文化融合：cultural integration=cultural assimilation200.文化特性：cultural identity=cultural characteristic201.贬低…的重要性：minimize the importance of=belittle the importance of202.公正客观的：objective=impartial203.随着因特网技术的出现：with the advent of the Internet technology=with the arrival of the Internet technology204.旅游景点：tourist attractions=tourist spots205.开拓眼界：expand one’s horizons=widen one’s horizons=broaden one’s view=broaden one’s scope of knowledge206.耗尽：exhaust=use up207.生态系统：ecosystem=ecological system208.白色污染：white plastic pollution=non-biodegradable garbage209.采取严厉措施：take harsh measures=adopt harsh measures210.处于灭绝的边缘：be on the verge of extinction=be on the brink of extinction211.违法：break the law=violate the law=disobey the law212.遵守法律：abide by the law=comply with the law=obey the law213.使迷惑：puzzle=bewilder=perplex=baffle214.发生：happen=occur=take place215.原因：reason=factor=cause216.奢侈：extravagant=luxurious217.决心: determination=resolution218.对……非常熟悉: well-acquainted with=be familiar with219.自尊：self-esteem=dignity220.沉迷于：be indulged in=be addicted to221.青少年犯罪：juvenile delinquency= youth crime222.传授知识：impart knowledge= inculcate knowledge223.省钱的:cost-effective=economical224.道德准则:code of ethics=code of conduct225.处在公众注意力的焦点:in the spotlight=in the limelight226.名望：reputation=fame227.极度渴望：long for=thirst for228.不愿意去做某事：be reluctant to do =be unwilling to do229.满足感：gratification=satisfaction230.下岗工人: laid-off workers= downsized workers231.失业：unemployment=joblessness232.肤浅的：superficial=shallow233.荒唐可笑的：absurd=ridiculous234.史无前例的：unprecedented= groundbreaking235.老龄化社会：aging society = graying society236.违法者：offender=violator237.交通方式：modes of transportation= means of transportation238.环境恶化：environmental degradation=environmental deterioration239.有限的自然资源：limited natural resources=finite natural resources240.贫瘠的土地: barren land=infertile land241.环保主义者：environmentalists= conservationists242.消耗：consume=deplete243.自助游：self-conducted tour= self-guidedtour244.忽略：neglect=ignore=overlook=lose sight of245.对手：competitor=rival=opponent246.事实上：practically=in practice=essentially=in essence=in reality=in effect=in fact=as a matter of fact247.换言之：namely=that is to say=in other words=to put it like this=to put it differently=to put it from another way=to put it from another angle248.热情：enthusiasm=zeal =passion249.无聊的/无趣的：boring=tedious=senseless=meaningless=uninterestin g250.创造力：creativity=originality=innovation251.自信：confidence=assertiveness251.开发市场：tap the market=expand the market=explore the market252.精致的: elegant=delicate= elaborate=subtle253.杰出的: outstanding=distinguished=eminent=supreme= extraordinary=prominent= matchless254.努力的：hard-working=assiduous255.怀疑的：dubious=skeptical256.尽管：in spite of=despite=notwithstanding257.令人难以置信的：unbelievable=incredible=inconceivable258.从某种程度上：to some extent=to certain degree259.恐惧：fear=phobia260.管理者：administrator=manager=executive=boss=supervisor261.心胸开阔的：liberal-minded=broad-minded262.消费者/买家：customer=consumer=client=buyer=purchaser=shopp er263.满足需求：suit one’s need=suit one’s demand=suit one’s expectation=fulfill one’s need=fulfill one’s demand=fulfill one’s expectation=satisfy one’s need=satisfy one’s demand=satisfy one’s expectation264.广告：advertisements=advertising=commercials=announce ments265.珍惜：treasure=value=cherish266.商品：commodity=product=goods=merchandise267.万能良药：panacea=cure-all solution268.趋势：tide=tendency=trend269.相互联系的：interrelated=interdependent270.上网：surf the Internet=browse on the Internet271.使...相形见绌：overshadow=eclipse272.美化：beautify=glorify=polish273.繁荣的/蓬勃的：prosperous=flourishing=booming=thriving274.切实可行的：practical=feasible=down-to-earth275.跨国公司: transnational corporation = multinational corporation276.抑制消费: control consumption= inhibit consumption277.连锁反应: chain reaction=domino effect278.承担责任：shoulder one’s responsibility=undertake one’s responsibility=assume one’s responsibility=shoulder one’s duty=undertake one’s duty=assume one’s duty279.跳槽：abandon one’s job for another=drop one’s job for a new one=make a job move=jump fromone company to another=job-jump=job-hop=change one’s job=change one’s career=career-hop280.与…相比：compared with= compared to=in comparison with=in comparison to= by comparison with= by comparison to281.与之相反：in contrast=by contrast=on the other hand=on the contrary= conversely282.首先：first=firstly=first of all=in the first place=first and foremost=to begin with=to start with=initially=on the top of the list283.第二/此外：second=secondly=second of all=in the second place=furthermore=moreover=what’s more=in addition=additionally=besides284.第三/最后：third=thirdly=in the thirdplace=finally=last=lastly=last of all=in the last place=last but not least=most important of all285.综上所述：from what has been discussed above=from what has been mentioned above=from what has been presented above=from what has been outlined above=from what has been remarked above=from what has been said above=from what has been discussed previously=from what has been mentioned previously=from what has been presented previously=from what has been outlined previously=from what has been remarked previously=from what has been said previously=as has been discussed above=as has been mentioned above=as has been presented above=as has been outlined above=as has been remarked above=as has been said above=as has been discussed previously=as has been mentioned previously=as has been presented previously=as has been outlined previously=as has been remarked previously=as has beensaid previously=from the above comparison and contrast,286.总而言之：in conclusion=in summary=to sum up=to summarize=to conclude=all in all=above all=on balance=in a nutshell=in the final analysis=above all=based on the above factors=ultimately=overall=taking all factors into account=taking all factors into consideration=taking all things into account=taking all things into consideration=on the whole287.照我看来：personally=personally speaking=speaking for myself=as for me=as far as I am concerned=as far as I know=from my point of view=in my position=from my angle=from my perspective=to my mind=in my view=as I see it=to me=to my knowledge=in my opinion=in my judgment288.必须得承认：admittedly=to beadmitted=undeniably289.巨大的：huge=gigantic=colossal=vast=enormous=tremendou s290.意向: inclination=leaning= intention291.大众：the masses=the public=the general public=ordinary people292.共识：consensus=agreement293.无关的：unrelated=irrelevant294.永恒的：perpetual = eternal=everlasting295.开创：pioneer = innovate=initiate296.原则：principle=rule=code297.来源：source=origin=supplier298.领域：area=field=arena=sphere299.积累：accumulate=amass=collect=gather=heap=pile300.夸大事件：exaggerate things=sensationalize things=blow things out of all proportions。
【考研英语】阅读同义替换词
发行publication=circulation发行issue=publish=release新闻报道coverage=report报道cover=report复杂的elaborate=complicated=sophisticated范围horizon=scope=range事实上virtually=in fact=actually妥协concession=compromise赞许的favorable=approving照顾，照料attend to=take care of招致，导致lead to=emerge as a cause of=invite=bring about接受者，获奖者recipient=receiver有观察力的perceptive=with acute observation明显的glaring=obvious=distinct=pointed违背renege on=challenge on=dishonoring同意，支持go along=agree=approve斥责criticize for=scold for鼓励urge to=encourage to谴责indictment=accusation争吵，争论row=quarrel过去the history of=the past明确，识别identify=recognize指望，依靠look to=depend/rely on热情passion=zeal除了，除……之外on top of=apart from=except for号召，提倡advocate=call for=support=encourage=stress负面，缺点downside=shortcoming=negative=weakness=disadvantage 退位、退职abdicate=stand down效仿model...after=follow..from和谐，均衡proportionality=harmony关心，关于regard of=concern for支持，赞同endorse=approve=support高声望的esteem=high regard依靠，指望bank on=rely on导致result in=contribute to迟来的belated=long past time根本的basic=underlyingbelong to=be owned by属于某人，归某人所有indispensable=essential=significant=vital=crucial=important 不可缺少的，重要的加强，改进beef up=foster=improve=intensify=enhance抵制counteract=resist=reject揭示reveal=uncover=disclose考虑到take account of=in view of=take into consideration模糊的vague=fuzzy=obscure以……为代价at the expense of=at the cost of推迟defer=delay=put off=set back除……以外save for=except推翻overturn=overrule电商online purchases=e-commerce限制confine=restrict=limit万灵药cure-all=panacea声望prominence=reputation=prestige组织，机构body=organization=institution故意地expressly=deliberately一连串的，大量的a cascade of=a series of=a wide range of=a string of冷酷的，冷漠的grimly=indifferently=unconcerned以……为根据on the grounds that=based on论据，理由case=argument推行，实施introduce=practice=carry out=implement刺激，激励stimulus=incentives否决throw out=reject彻底的，整体的once and for all=thoroughly急需cry out for=in badly need干涉meddle=intervene申请file for=apply for认为reckon=think=consider=deem下降，衰退downturn=recession=slump=decline=descend令人困惑的bewildering=puzzled=confusing实际上的virtual=in fact=actual评论observe=comment可行的viable=feasible惯例routine=pattern=practice=ritual策略，方法tactic=strategy=approach裁定verdict=judgecompetent=qualified有能力的，能胜任的有资格的entitled=eligible薪资，报酬compensation=salary禁受weather(v.)=go through=suffer from离去，辞职departure=resign可能性likelihood=possibility收益，盈利earning=margin刺激物incentive=stimulate直率的forthright=frank=straightforward抑制curb=restrain蔑视，鄙视scorn=contempt惯例ritual=routine僵化的inflexible=rigid=stiff命令，指示mandate=order含义，暗示implication=hint=clue旨在be meant to=be designed to=aim at普遍的，流行的pervasive=epidemic=popular控制，支配dictate=control=command=dominate扩大，增大amplify=magnify=intensify=expand=widen忠告，建议counsel=propose焦虑的agitated=worried=anxious分离isolate=separate分割，划分segment=split=divide初步的preliminary=initial=primary福祉，幸运blessing=fortune裁定，裁决rule=verdict进步，进展advance=progress形势situation=landscape拥挤的packed=crowded轻率的reckless=imprudent=impetuous加强，强化reinforce=intensify=enhance指出，表明观点note=make the point去除，摆脱shed=get rid of繁荣，兴旺thriving=prosperous=flourishing承诺commit=promise消除erase=eliminate倾向于，往往会prone to=tend to=be inclined to=be liable to=be apt to 领域，范围realm=domain=scope强制，迫使compel=force产出，产生yield=produce=generate持久的lasting=durable=enduring=prolonged=abiding=lingering 摆脱emerge from=get rid of幻想fantasy=envision昂贵的fancy=expensive=costly值得的rewarding=worthwhile奢侈的extravagant=luxurious节俭的prudent=sparingly荣幸的privileged=honored采用，使用employ=adopt=introduce促进，增加boost=promote=advance尊重，尊敬esteem=respect熟思contemplate=deliberate监管，监督oversee=supervise=monitor真诚的sincerely=genuinely剧烈的，激烈的violently=acutely=drastically可预见的predictable=foreseeable见解，概念notion=concept=perception增加，增大augment=amplify=magnify改正，纠正rectify=revise=remedy偏见prejudice=bias=discrimination紧急的，急迫的urgent=pressing=immediate反驳，否认contradict=refute=overrule模糊的blurry=vague协议，协定bargain=agreement不偏不倚的clinically=impartial=unbiased清楚地，明显的explicitly=distinctly=clearly促进，激起prompt=evoke=facilitate=motivate=inspire暴跌，猛跌crash=slump=plummet合作collaboration=cooperation恢复，复原recover=restore临时的，暂时的temporary=interim阻止，妨碍block=hinder令人满意的fulfilling=satisfying差别contrast=distinction=disparity保证pledge=guarantee忽视overlook=ignore适应的acclimation=adaption把……视为view as=regard as=treat as=recognize as=perceive as 努力，试图effort=attempt完全地utterly=completely=altogether尤其是，特别地notably=especially=in particular理想的desirable=ideal=optimum缺乏，匮乏deprivation=deficiency加速hasten=accelerate评估，评价assess=rate吸收soak up=absorb 致使render=cause=bring about 非法的undocumented=illegal 加剧worsen=compound=aggravate 首要的overarching=primary=principal 禁止prohibit=ban 实际的practical=pragmatic 互惠的reciprocal=mutual beneficial 愿意，乐意willingness=readiness 假定，设想presume=assume 使着迷fascinate=obsess=enchant 严重的；严厉的rigorous=severe=grave 法规legislation=regulation 缺乏lack of=absence of 缓和，减轻assuage=mitigate=alleviate 易受影响的impressionable=susceptible 潜在的underlying=potential 稳定的，稳固的secure=stable=steady 猛增，急升surge=spike 转变convert=transform 抱怨complain=grumble 企业，公司business=enterprise=corporation 干涉，介入wade into=intervene 相互作用、影响interplay=interaction 释放release=unleash 直觉gut=hunch=instinct 识别discern=identify=recognize 事情发生或做某事的原因、理由、解释reason /grounds /excuse /motive /need /justification /cause /pretext 控告某人犯了……accuse sb.of sth=charge sb.with sth 夸大exaggerate=overestimate=overvalue=overrate=magnify 缩小(低估)underestimate=undervalue=minimize 理解，领会grasp=make out=comprehend 抚慰，安慰appease=console=comfort 有利的beneficial=advantageous 出现appear=emerge=come into being 计算calculate=compute=reckon关心care for=foster（本义“培养；促进”）=be concerned about 把……归因于owe…to=attribute…to=refer…to给予render=offer=impart=confer炫耀show off=parade自尊心ego=pride=self-esteem=dignity涌入crowd into=pour into=stream into=swarm into=pack into决定decide=determine=elect（elect to do sth）=make up one's mind 渴望desire=long(for)=aspire to=pant（pant“喘”pant for“渴望”）;消除eliminate=remove=erase=get rid of威胁threat=menace聚精会神做be absorbed in doing=be immersed in doing损害spoil=impair=harm=endanger包含，包括embrace=comprise=encompass=include停止stop=halt=cease上升rise=escalate=go up=climb容忍bear=tolerate=put up with=brook缺点shortcoming=defect=drawback=flaw=setback指望，依靠count on=depend on=rely on=reckon on=bank on=lean on;怀疑的skeptical=dubious=doubtful=suspicious减少decrease=decline=reduce=diminish=temper=moderate索然无味的uninteresting=dull=tedious=boring有意的purposeful=deliberate=intentional培训train=practice=nurture不理会ignore=discount=disregard=pay no attention to=turn a deaf earto;性格，脾气personality=disposition损失；损坏destruction=loss对...有作用；促进play a part in=contribute to交配mating=courtship有趣的；吸引的enchanting=intriguing=appealing=attractive=interesting课程syllabus=curriculum=course不发达的rudimentary=degenerated=underdeveloped谨慎的careful=discreet=prudent=cautious厌恶，怨恨disgust=resent=hate满足meet=satisfy=cater to沉思，细想ponder=meditate=think deeply=dwell on必然包含involve=entail忽略，疏忽overlook=neglect=give no attention to使沮丧，使失望disappoint=frustrate=dismay=let sb.Down=depress诱惑lure=tempt=induce讽刺satire=sarcasm=irony造成，引起cause=pose=bring about=give rise to=evoke利用make use of=take advantage of=utilize=harness来自于come from=result from=arise from=stem from=derive from挫伤，使灰心：discourage=frustrate=upset严肃的earnest=serious=grave=solemn对…感兴趣be interested in sth=be struck by sth.拒绝，不给refuse=deny=withhold=keep back欣赏enjoy=relish=appreciate改变change=alter=modify=remold=reshape增加increase=augment=add to=multiply抛弃discard=abandon=desert=give up=get rid of废除abolish=do away with=scrap揭露disclose=reveal=unveil使困惑puzzle=bewilder=confuse=perplex控制control=dominate=curb=regulate=harness(=control and use);污染pollute=contaminate=foul优秀；出色exceptional=outstanding=brilliant=impressive=admirable=excellent差劲；弱；不擅长poor=bad=not very good=weakunsurpassed=top=greatest=finest=best最好的；无人能超越的惊讶的astounded=startled=astonished=amazed=surprised工资；收入earnings=salary=income=pay=wage愤怒；愤慨rage=indignation=wrath=anger著名的celebrated=renowned=eminent=prestigious=well-known过时的；传统的unfashionable=old-fashioned=outmoded=outdated=traditional 面对；遇到confront=face=encounter=meet指导；教导instruct=coach=train=teach保护shield=safeguard=guard=protect责任；义务accountability=liability=responsibility=obligation=duty改变modify=alter=change动力；原因impetus=stimulus=root=origin=factor=reason查明；判断；鉴定pinpoint=diagnose=identify长期的chronic=lasting=long-standing=long-running=long-term联系link to=be connected to=be linked to跟踪；跟随stalk=track=tail=follow相似的resemble=similar=alike上升escalate=climb=grow=increase==rise=go up多样的varied=wide-ranging=diverse=mixed有头脑的，博学的Have brains=intelligent=learned=informed坚持Keep/hold one’s end up=persist=stick to改变态度about-face=change attitude随之发生的In the wake of=consequent乐意采纳，接受Embrace=accept=adopt市场瘫痪dead market=market paralysis就我而言For my part=in my opinion=as for me在职的，现任的Sitting=on the job=in service向……学习Take a page from=lean fromOccurs without our realizing it=unconsciously=subtle不知不觉，无意识的，不易察觉的守承诺Keep one’s words=keep promise环保采购Environment-friendly purchasing=shopping sustainably开始做某事Get cracking on=start doing sth.quickly开心的，愉悦的Skip down=with a song in your heart=delighted丰厚的奖励A handsome reward=lucrative awards合法性，可信度Legitimacy=undisputed credibility令人不安的Unsettling=making one feel rather worried=upset对……造成伤害Impinging on=doing harm to解释……的原因Provides...reminder of why=explain经济大国Rich countries=major economies启发、启迪Enlightening=sheds some lights on=there is a lesson that sb.can learnHold one’s nose=contempt克制对……的厌恶或反感;蔑视激变，巨变Upheaval=very big change严重赤字、亏损Bleed red ink=to lose a lot of money rather than making money 对……负责Hold...accountable=enhance...sense of responsibility相信，有共同观点Share a view=believe偏爱，偏袒Show partiality in=favor脱离现实Out of touch with the reality=be unhinged from the realities（一）人物类高频替换词1.genius=be endowed with talent when one was born天才；有天赋2.reluctant=unwilling=not willing=drag one’s feet=be loath to do不愿意3.consult=seek advice咨询4.invent=be the first one to create/make发明（二）文化类高频替换词1.misconception=mistaken view错误观点2.pay no attention=not pay any attention=take no notice=not take any notice=ignore 忽略3.accessible=easy to reach容易达到的4.geographical location=where地理位置5.media=newspaper,television媒体（包括报纸、电视）（三）教育类高频替换词1.initiative=on your own initiative=on your own=by yourself自愿的；自主的2.bilingual=to be able to speak two languages双语的3.adolescent=teenager=youth=young people年轻人4.inevitable=certain to happen=cannot avoid不可避免的5.afford=be able to pay支付得起（四）科普类高频替换词1.habitat=where to live居住地2.global warming=get warmer全球变暖3.survive=continue to exist存活4.fruitless=fail=unsuccessful=fall through=not succeed失败5.probe=make inquiries=investigate=look into研究；探查。
考研词汇-同义词替换
考研英语常见同义词替换1、处理：resolve、handle、tackle、deal with、cope with、dispose、address2、繁荣：prosperous、flourishboom(繁荣) → loom(朦胧) → gloom(忧郁，阴暗) → doom(末日)revival、restore、recover、reshape3、首位：predominance、primary、primitive、primacy4、源于：origin、come from、be from、originate from、stem from、evolve from、derive from5、合并：merger and acquisition、consolidation、concentration6、相关：relevant、related、A has sth. to do with B7、童话：fairy tale 神话：myth、mythology8、选择：choose、select、option(optional)、alternative9、转变：alter、change、transform、shift、switch、modify、convert10、尽管：in spite of、although、despite11、趋向于：inclined to、tend to12、Sympathy：同情：show sympathy for支持：in sympathy with13、参加：attendance、join in、take part in、participate(participant参与者)、be present at14、强调：stress、highlight、emphasize、underline(区别underlie位于…之下，成为…基础)15、增加：increase、rise、raise、boost、skyrocket、advance、progress (procedure程序)、improve、grow、enhance、soar、develop16、最大：maximum → maximize最小：minimum → minimize17、数据：data、statistics、figure18、工厂：factory、plant19、大的：giant、massive、tremendous、dramatic20、医生：doctor、surgeon(外科医生)、physician(内科医生)21、复杂：complicated、mixed、complex、confused22、安乐死：mercy killing、euthanasia、physician-assisted suicide23、合适：fit、suitable、proper24、允许：permit、permission25、影响：impact、affect、influence26、重要：vital、critical、crucial、essential、significant、indispensible27、忽视：overlook、neglect(negligence)、ignore(ignorance)28、压力：stress、pressure、press、strain(张力、压力)29、依靠：rely on、count on、depend on30、显示：show、demonstrate、manifest 揭示：reveal、demonstrate展示：disclose、display 揭露：unveil31、政客：politician、statesman32、不满：dissatisfied、discontent33、焦虑：depression、anxiety34、特点：feature、characteristic、trait35、相互：inter、mutually36、事情：stuff 员工：staff37、因此：thus、whereby、therefore、hence、accordingly、consequently、38、然而：nevertheless、though、natheless、nonetheless39、改革：reform、revolution40、创新，创造：devise、innovate41、职业：occupation(occupy占据)、vocation(vacation假期)、profession、career42、内容、满足：content 争辩：contest 环境、上下文：context43、心情：mood、emotion、atmosphere焦虑：anxiety(anxious)、depression(depressed)、gloomy、frustration(frustrated)愤怒：rage、outrage、grievance、indignation高兴：happy、light-hearted、joy、relived44、限制：limit、restrict、constrict、discipline、confine、hold back、scale back、curb on45、利用：usable、available、applicable、leisureuse → utilize、adopt、take、employ、apply46、地位：status、rank47、偏见：bias、prejudice、discrimination、inequality48、组成：consist of、constitute、be made from/of49、发行：issue、release、distribute、launch 授予：grant、award50、会议：conference、meeting、convention51、合适：suitable、fit、appropriate52、引用：cite、illustrate(举例说明=exemplify)、quote53、挑出：single out、sort out、pick out54、导致：result in、cause、lead to55、原因：result from56、结束：fulfill、finish、accomplish、carry out、achieve、complete57、手术：operation、surgery(外科手术)58、语言：verbally、language、words、lingual59、能力：ability、capability、potential60、几乎不：hardly、scarcely、barely61、交易：deal、trade、exchange、transaction62、精确：accuracy、precision63、以前：previous、former、latter、prior to (priority优先→ primary初级的、重要的→ primitive原始的)64、加强：promote、facilitate、enhance、strengthen、reinforce65、前景：prospect、future、expectation、outlook66、保守：conservative(conservation保存)、traditional、custom，激进：radical67、顾客：customer、client、consumer、guest68、暂停、延期：suspend、phase back、put off、stop、postpone、delayed69、信息：information、message、data、figure、statistics70、密码：code，decode(解密)，encode(加密)71、公司：enterprise、firm、company、corporation(区别：cooperation合作)72、困惑：puzzle、confuse、perplex73、故意：deliberately、intentionally、purposely、on/in purpose74、冷漠：indifferent、neutral(中立的)、carefree(区别：careless粗心)75、抱怨：complain、moan、groan76、吸引：appeal (吸引、呼吁、起诉appeal to)、attract、fascinate、tempt (contempt 蔑视)77、有希望的：promising、hopeful、brightening78、赶上：catch up with、keep up with79、作为：serve as、function as80、对手：rival、equal、comparative、competitor、opponent、adversary81、谨慎：prudent、cautious82、法案：act、bill 法律：law → lawyer、attorney、judge 法律的：legislation → legislative83、excess：过量(excessive过量的) assess：评估access：进入84、责备：condemn、blame85、灭亡：perish、die (out)、extinguish (distinguish区别)消失：disappear、vanish、diminish减少、gone86、方法：ways、means、approach、solution、remedy(补救措施)、measure87、回应：interaction、response、reaction88、标准：standard、level、criteria89、财产：estate、real estate(房地产)、property、asset90、郊区：rural、suburban91、放弃：abandon、give up、desert(区别：dessert甜点)92、假期：holiday、vacation93、悲观：pessimistic，94、乐观：optimistic95、忽视：overlook，显著conspicuous96、地区：regions、scope、range、sphere、scale(规律)97、观察：perceive、observe98、奢侈：extravagant、luxury99、拒绝：reject、refuse、turn down、decline100、保留：preserve、reserve101、公平：fairness、impartial102、而不是：rather than除了：other than103、慷慨：generous、charitable104、同伴：partner、companion105、计划：plan 星球：planet 植物、工厂：plant106、结果：result、consequence、outcome107、帮助：help、assist、aid108、保护：protect、guard、safeguard、defend(defendant辩护，被告)、shield(区别：yield产出，屈服) 109、生产：yield、manufacturer、generate110、猎物：prey111、明显：obvious、apparent(区别：transparent透明的、坦率的)112、海洋：marine(submarine潜水艇)、oceanic(ocean)113、管理：governance(government政府)、management/administration114、鼓励：cheer、encourage115、脆弱：vulnerable、weak、feeble、fragile(脆的，易碎的)、susceptible(易受影响的=subject to) 116、憎恨：resent，抵抗：resist117、关于：concerning、in terms of、with respect to118、懒散：idle，偶像：idol119、抓住：grasp、capture、seize(区别：size尺寸)120、主张：claim (acclaim欢呼、称赞)、proclaim、remark、advocate、allegation、comment、review 121、波动：swing、fluctuate122、智力：wisdom、intelligence、wit123、部分：component、portion、element、proportion、percentage124、相当：fairly、relative125、意识：aware、conscious126、降级：downgrade、degradation127、提升：lift、elevate128、承认：admit、acknowledge129、永恒：eternal、permanent、everlasting130、谋生：earn one’s living、make one’s living、live off131、值得尊敬：worthy、respectable(区别：respective分别)132、遵守：comply with、conform to133、水流：currency、stream134、昂贵：dear(区别：deer鹿)、expensive135、探测：detect、investigation136、换句话说：put another way、in other words137、获得：gain、acquire、achieve、fetch、obtain138、高估：overestimate、overrate、overvalue (区别：overlook忽视)139、培养：nurture(区别：nature自然)、foster、cultivate140、学术：academic、scholastic、scholarly141、怀疑：skeptical、suspicious142、奇怪：weird、odd、peculiar、strange143、多样：various、diverse144、偷窃：thievery → theft →thief小偷145、直接：frank、straight、directly146、模糊：dim、vague、obscure、loom147、营养不良：malnutrition、under-nutrition148、忍受：stand、withstand(反抗)、bear、put up with、tolerate149、薪水：salary、pay、wage、emolument花费：expenses、income、revenue、gain、earning津贴：subsidy、pension、allowance150、高贵：noble、royal(区别：loyal忠诚) 谦卑：humble151、告示：announcement、notice、poster、bulletin152、波动：Fluctuate，go ups and downs，display a fluctuation，demonstrate a fluctuation153、事实上：Practically，in practice，essentially，in essence，in reality，in effect，in fact，as a matter of fact，it is a fact that154、换言之：Namely，that is to say，in other words，to put it like this，to put it differently，to put it from another way，to put it from another angle.考研阅读同义词替换---基础词1、需要：require need take want call for cry for entail（核心词汇）demand.2、痛苦：misery(miserable) suffering pain unpleasant grief grievance(已考)3、权力：power：authority control dominance rule(统治) influence(影响力)4、Misleading：confusing deceptive unrealistic misrepresentative false5、Unclear: uncertain, doubtful, undecided, unsure, in doubt, vague, ambiguous6、often：every so often, frequently, usually, over and over again, time and again, repeatedly, habitually, regularly, a lot7、argue 认为：maintain allege insist affirm hold think suppose8、show 表明：prove, illustrate, demonstrate, confirm, indicate, establish suggest make known reveal uncover disclose9、critical 批评：disapproving disagreeing criticism disapproval blame censure10、大众：the masses / the general public/ consumers（消费者）11、important重要的：significant, vital, imperative, central, chief, key, main, essential, principal, critical, crucial, weighty12、enroll 招收：employ, take on, enlist, draft, engage, conscript, sign up, enroll, hire recruit select choose seek13、reduce减少v.=decrease, lessen, diminish14、replace替换v.=substitute, displace, change15、sense感觉n.意识到v.=feel, understand, realize16、shift转换n.v.=change, alter, vary, convert, transform, switch, modify17、supply供给n.v.=stock, provide, furnish, feed18、clumsy愚笨的a.=awkward, unskillful19、doubtful怀疑的a.=suspicious, questionable, suspect, uncertain dubious skeptical20、incredibly难以置信地ad.=unbelievably, unlikely21、protect保护v.=defend, guard, shelter, shield, preserve22、exception例外n.=exclusion23、naturally自然地ad.=certainly, surely, Indeed反义artificially人工地24、personnel全体人员n.=staff, faculty, crew, workers25、properly适当正确地ad.=appropriately, suitably, correctly26、widen扩大v.=broaden, enlarge, extend, expand, stretch反义narrow缩小27、derive获取v.=obtain, gain, get;28、derive from源于=originate from, stem from,comefrom29、diversity多样性n.=variety, multiplicity, difference30、narrow狭窄的a.缩小v.=limited, restricted, tighten(narrowdown)31、respect尊敬v.=honor, regard, admire32、unsure不确定的a.=uncertain, doubtful, yet to beproved, possible33、communicate交流v.=convey, transmit, inform34、completely完全彻底地ad.=entirely,utterly,fully,altogether,thoroughly,absolutely,perfectly,totally35、aspect方面外观n.=appearance, look, view36、character性格品质n.=quality ,personality ,nature37、total总体a.n.v.=entire, overall, sum up（反义词partial部分的a.）38、unconscious无意识的a.=unaware, absent-minded, unintentional39、analyze分析研究v.=evaluate, study40、contribute贡献v.=donate, provide, give41、describe描述v.=portray, represent, picture42、establish建立v.=construct, found, erect, build, set up43、profession职业,行业n.=occupation, career, trade44、mission任务,使团n.=assignment ,duty, task45、performance表演,业绩，执行n.=act, achievement, accomplishment46、especially尤其特别,专门ad.=particularly ,primarily, chiefly47、remarkably显著非凡地ad.=extraordinarily, unusually, surprisingly48、enhance提高,增强v.=increase, improve, raise49、hinder阻碍v.=prevent, restrain, stop50、require需要,规定v.=command, demand ,ask51、urge催促,主张v.=push, drive, insist sensitive敏感的a.=delicate52、enormous巨大的a.= huge, vast, massive, giant, mammoth, gigantic, colossal, gargantuan, titanic, immense53、权力：power：authority control dominance rule(统治) influence(影响力)54、Misleading：confusing deceptive unrealistic misrepresentative false55、Unclear: uncertain, doubtful, undecided, unsure, in doubt, vague, ambiguous56、often：every so often, frequently, usually, over and over again, time and again, repeatedly, habitually, regularly, a lot57、argue 认为：maintain allege insist affirm hold think suppose58、show 表明：prove, illustrate, demonstrate, confirm, indicate, establish suggest make known reveal uncover disclose59、critical 批评：disapproving disagreeing criticism：disapproval blame censure60、important重要的：significant, vital, imperative, central, chief, key, main, essential, principal, critical, crucial, weighty61、enroll 招收：employ, take on, enlist, draft, engage, conscript, sign up, enroll, hire recruit select choose seek62、reduce减少v.=decrease, lessen, diminish63、replace替换v.=substitute, displace, change64、sense感觉n.意识到v.=feel ,understand ,realize65、shift转换n.v.=change ,alter, vary, convert, transform, switch, modify66、supply供给n.v.=stock, provide, furnish, feed67、clumsy愚笨的a.=awkward, unskillful68、doubtful怀疑的a.=suspicious ,questionable, suspect, uncertain dubious skeptical69、incredibly难以置信地ad.=unbelievably, unlikely70、protect保护v.=defend, guard, shelter, shield, preserve71、exception例外n.=exclusion72、naturally自然地ad.=certainly, surely, indeed反义artificially人工地73、personnel全体人员n.=staff, faculty, crew, workers74、properly适当正确地ad.=appropriately, suitably, correctly75、widen扩大v.=broaden, enlarge extend, expand, stretch反义narrow缩小76、derive获取v.=obtain, gain, get;77、derive from源于=originate from, stem from,comefrom78、diversity多样性n.=variety, multiplicity, difference79、narrow狭窄的a.缩小v.=limited ,restricted ,tighten (narrowdown)80、respect尊敬v.=honor, regard, admire81、unsure不确定的a.=uncertain, doubtful, yet to be proved, possible82、communicate交流v.=convey, transmit, inform83、completely完全彻底地ad.=entirely,utterly,fully,altogether,thoroughly,absolutely,perfectly,totally84、aspect方面外观n.=appearance, look, view85、character性格品质n.=quality, personality, nature86、total总体a.n.v.=entire, overall, sum up（反义词partial部分的a.）87、unconscious无意识的a.=unaware, absent-minded ,unintentional88、analyze分析研究v.=evaluate, study89、contribute贡献v.=donate, provide, give90、describe描述v.=portray ,represent, picture91、establish建立v.=construct, found, erect, build ,set up92、profession职业,行业n.=occupation, career, trade93、mission任务,使团n.=assignment, duty, task94、performance表演,业绩，执行n.=act, achievement, accomplishment95、especially尤其特别,专门ad.=particularly, primarily, chiefly96、remarkably显著非凡地ad.=extraordinarily, unusually surprisingly97、enhance提高,增强v.=increase, improve ,raise98、hinder阻碍v.=prevent, restrain, stop99、require需要,规定v.=command ,demand ,ask100、urge催促,主张v.=push, drive ,insist sensitive敏感的a.=delicate101、enormous巨大的a.= huge, vast, massive, giant, mammoth, gigantic, colossal, gargantuan, titanic, immense102、解决: Solve, deal with, cope with, handle, resolve, address, tackle103、损害：Damage, hurt, injure, harm, impair, undermine, jeopardize104、给与：Give, offer, render, impart, provide, supply, afford105、培养：：Develop, cultivate, foster106、优势：Advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength107、缺陷：Disadvantage, demerit, drawback, downside, weakness108、使迷惑：Puzzle, bewilder, perplex, baffle109、重要的：Key, crucial, critical, important, significant, vital, substantial, indispensable, imperative110、认为：Think, believe, insist, maintain, assert, conclude, deem, hold, argue, be convinced, be firmly convinced, be fully convinced111、保护：Protect, conserve, preserve112、确保：Assure, ensure, guarantee, pledge113、有害的：Bad, baneful evil, harmful, detrimental114、要求：Request, demand, needs, requisition115、消除：Eliminate, clear, remove, clear up, take away, smooth away116、导致：Lead to, bring about, result in, cause, spark off, conduce to, procure, induce, generate117、因此：So, therefore, thus, hence, consequently, as a consequence, accordingly, as a result, because of this, as a result of this118、增长至：Grow to，rise to，increase to，go up to，climb to，ascend to，jump to，shoot to119、降低至：Dip to，fall to，decline to，decrease to，drop to，go down to，reduce to，slump to，descend to，sink to，slide to120、保持稳定：Level out，do not change，remain stable，remain still，remain steady，be stable，maintain thesame level，remain unchanged，be still，remain the same level，stay constant，keep at the same level，level off，stabilize，keep its stability，even out121、急剧地：Dramatically，drastically，sharply，hugely，enormously，steeply，substantially，considerably，significantly，markedly，surprisingly，strikingly，radically，remarkably，vastly，noticeably122、平稳地：Steadily，smoothly，slightly，slowly，marginally，gradually，moderately，mildly123、宣称：Allege, assert, declare, claim124、发生：Happen, occur, take place125、原因：Reason, factor, cause126、发展：Development, advance, progress127、有益的：Useful, helpful, beneficial, profitable, rewarding，advantageous128、影响：Influence, impact, effect129、明显的：Clear, obvious, evident, self-evident, manifest, apparent, crystal-clear130、占：Comprise, take up, account for, constitute, consist of, make up, occupy, hold, compose131、与…相比：Compared with，compared to，in comparison with，in comparison to，by comparison with，by comparison to132、对比而言：By contrast，in contrast，on the other hand，on the contrary=，conversely133、展示：Show, reveal, illustrate, demonstrate, depict, present, represent, describe134、大约：Approximately，almost，about，around，nearly，roughly。
基础同义词替换
基础同义词替换考研阅读同义词替换-基础词需要：require need take want call for cry for entail（核心词汇）demand。
痛苦：miery(mierable) uffering pain unpleaant grief grievance(已考)权力：power： authoritycontrol dominance rule(统治) influence(影响力)Mileading：confuing deceptive unrealitic mirepreentative faleUnclear: uncertain, doubtful, undecided, unure, in doubt, vague, ambiguouargue 认为：maintain allege init affirmhold think uppoehow 表明：prove, illutrate, demontrate, confirm, indicate, etablihuggetmake knownreveal uncover dicloecritical 批评：diapprovingdiagreeing criticim diapprovalblame cenurediparage(核心词汇)大众：the mae 、 the general public、 conumer（消费者）、ordinary people 、rank and file、 populace（超纲）important重要的： ignificant, vital, imperative, central, chief, key, main, eential, principal, critical, crucial, weighty enroll 招收： employ, take on, enlit, draft, engage, concript, ign up, enroll, hire recruitelect chooe eekreduce减少v。
阅读理解中的同义词替换
阅读同义替换词1. difficult = demanding = hard = tough困难的2. absorb = take in 吸收3. settle on = make choice of = decide on选定4. advantage = edge = upper hand 优势5. accompany = keep sb company = go with 陪伴，伴随6. view = belief = opinion = insight观点7. charge = fee = fare 费用8. involve ... with = associate ... with = link ... to = relate ... to与…有关联9. release = issue = launch = convey = deliver 发行，发表10. particular = special = specific = unique特别的，独有的11. task = job = work = labour 任务，工作12. instantly = rapidly = immediately立即地13. react = respond 反应14. subjective views = personal/individual views (opinions) 主观观点15. understand = see = follow = grasp = comprehend = take in = figure out 理解，想出16. assessment = evaluation = estimate = judgment评估，估计17. appear = surface = come to light 出现18. remain = keep = stay = maintain保持19. development = evolution = growth = progress 发展20. foster = raise = bring up培养，养育21. overtake = catch up = sweep over赶上，压倒22. initial = original = premier最初的，开始的23. whereas = however = while = nevertheless = but = yet然而，但是24. reduce = decrease = lessen = cut 减少，减小25. postpone = put off = delay 延期，推迟26. crucial = important = critical = vital = necessary = essential 至关重要的27. attempt = effort 尝试，努力28. encourage = promote = fuel = further 激发，促进29.lie in = consist in = exist in 在于。
历年考研阅读同义词替换
42. conscious of = think43. laughing stock = scapegoats44. casually = natural / casual / relaxed45. use = using / must know / to know / must practice / look for / search for（各段首句）46. the invention of = devise, difficult = burdensome47. devices = robot systems48. respond = interact, changing = dynamic49. intervention = supervision50. brain = mind, relevant information = the monkey…or the single suspicious face…51. reduction in supply = supply-cuts53. no significant impact = only 0.25-0.5%54. shocks = swings, less shocking = less sensitive55. optimistic = less severe / less dependent on / less sensitive / not to lose sleep（各段首句）56. illegal = no constitutional right, help the dying end = physician-assisted suicide57. pain-relieving medication = morphine58. inadequate treatment = undertreatment59. bold = aggressive41. remold = reshape, intelligence service = onovan’s vocation42. online spying = electronic spying43. success = splash44. unpredictability = difficult to tell good information from bad45. nonconformist image = outsider status46. call on = need to, take some actions = respond forcefully to…47. inhuman = cruel, unacceptable = wasteful48. ignorance = don't understand50. a supporter = who has made courageous statements about…51. outside competitor = trucks52. apprehensive = complain / worry / fear53. unlikely = but the process is expensive, time-consuming, …54. judges = arbiters = determining55. acquisition = acquire one another56. over-confident = doubled / can be replaced / controlled / removed57. wasted = useless58. reserved consent = I would not go that far59. reasonably = spend far less on medical care60. a fact of life = normal（二段首句）41. special service = “personal search agent”42. lack of = no44. attract = tempt45. those already employed = those who aren't hunting for jobs46. overlooked = insidious, inequality = discrimination47. subtle = insidious / unaware of48. should pay attention to = they（孩子）get less individual attention49. doze off = ZZZ50. unintentional = unaware of / insidious, bias = discrimination51. not in a desperate situation = not in despair53. real estate = home (prices)54. certain ways = lower interest rates / sustained boom / upside等55. caution = mildly concerned, panic not = not panicked56. practical abilities = practical education57. undervaluing intellect = anti-intellectualism59. opponent = thought schooling and rigorous book learning put unnatural restraints21. comparison = all too monkey, as well22. resent = outraged, unfairness = sense of grievance23. inclined to = tend to, weigh = pay much closer attention to, what they get = the value of “goods and services”25. indignation = sense of fairness, uncertain source = unanswered question28. study = research, kill = instead of29. legislative measures = legislative initiative30. a lesson…is applicable to…31. modify = change / brought under conscious control32. relation = link33. show up = seem to have35. lead your life as usual = the brain has its ways of working through bad feelings36. is but all too = to be37. informality = spontaneity38. logical thinking = think straight39. their efforts = use formal language40. functional = useful, artistic = beautiful21. assimilate = difference（反义词）/ uniformity / absorb22. played a role = launched by23. hardly a threat = hardly poisonous24. powerful influence = immune to the nation’s assimilative power（反义）25. successful = hardly suggest a dark and deteriorating social environment26. townsfolk = residents, deny = doubt, contribution = adds a penny27. spend more money = bring in much of the town’s revenue28. not really short of money = every hotel…Hilton is building its own hotel…29. on the rise = has broken attendance records30. sympathetic = it would be a shame to raise prices too much…31. sea = ocean, the same threat = something similar32. stock = biomass, old fisheries = long-fished areas33. suffered a greater loss = conservative34. adjust…to…= shifting baseline36. change = began seeing, focus of interest = meaningless, phony, boring37. unpleasant = misery / died young / souls in danger / be meat for worms38. create = make the very idea, illusion = unreliable39. distasteful = bitter, refreshing = a breath of fresh air40. religion = church21. what makes = account for, expert performance = superior soccer skills22. craze = mad23. process = encode24. high achievers = expert performers, nurture = talent is highly overrated25. practice = always made, not born26. words = verbal, graphs = visual, similar to = analogies27. the test contents and formats = version28. different computational procedures = scoring is now…rather than…29. reliable indicator = assess all the important elements…30. skeptical = may not assess / do not necessarily predict so well31. changes in family economics = a pink slip / a bad diagnosis / a disappearing spouse32. less secured = depending on investment returns33. increase = a large new dose of34. financial problems = financial fallout35. on the cliff = risk36. data leakage = data insecurity37. weak point = vulnerabilities38. should be given due attention = an asset / the key to market value39. the link between…and… = few things are more likely to…than…21. biologically = sex hormones, be vulnerable to = be susceptible to22. exposed to = have / dealing with, more stress = so much more / so many more23. durable = chronic, frequent = repeated24. house hold expenses = pay the rent / car payment / debt26. traditional = used to27. upset = makes heavy reading28. provide an easier access to = make access to…a reality29. cover = pay for30. mode = model31. the change of height = bigger, longer frames / stopped growing32. living standards = calories and nutrients / diet and health improved33. conditioned = cannot withstand repeated strain34. be applicable = could use and feel fairly confident36. unknown aspect = a far different image from…37. early days = infancy, delicate situations = fragile nature / moral compromises38. complex = express distaste…, also understood it was the bedrock…39. Founding Fathers = statesmen, benefit politically = political lives depended on40. military experience = the bravery of black soldiers during the Revolution War21. mechanical = unreflecting22. guide = direct23. tracks = pathways / roads24. curiosity = fascination, creative minds = innovation25. prevent = few of us inherently use, new habits = innovative and collaborative thought26. availability =﹩30+120 / local drug store / without prescription / more than two dozen companies sell…27. identify = testing, parent-child = paternity28. accuracy = precision29. disorganized = don’t collect systematically / lump together30. problems = skeptica l / critics also argue that…31. overestimate = very highest priorities…is wrong32. take efforts of = require33. more productive = the global leader of productivity34. no longer went hungry = began to get its food35. productivity = that potential36. encouraged = so much importance attached to37. brought with them = as carriers of, Old World = European39. superstitions = superstitious quality40. different intellectual background21. used to = a time when / the 20th century / once22. free themes = unfocused23. writers = authors, are capable of = have brains enough or literacy gift enough to…24. may not appeal to = unknown / have little use for…25. the lost horizon = inexorable decline / virtually forgotten / prospect seems remote26. restriction = scale back / eliminate / curbs on27. legal = court / lawyers28. change of attitude = curbs vs. approving29. unnecessarily issued = too many patents were being upheld30. looming = appears completely ready to / would use / would be31. spreading ideas = “social epidemics” are driven32. require solid evidence = plausible-sounding / untested / cursory / anecdotal33. social interactions = each person so affected34. and then influence others = in turn influence theirs35. the readiness to be influenced = a critical mass of easily influenced people36. unfavorable = enormous losses / not fair37. weakening = is being compromised38. act on their own = act with overall planning / live in a political vacuum39. exaggerated the real value = vastly overvalued40. sympathy = inviting pressure to make more concessions21. acclaim = favorable22. modest = unpretentious / no air of formidable23. overestimate = no substitute for…are missing the point24. easily accessible = available everywhere25. doubtful = but what will be the nature of…? / …will not enough26. frank = straight up / come right out27. new career goals = aspirations / a EO post / wish to move on28. hunt for = a single search29. used to = traditional, cling to their posts = stay where you are30. net = job,31. enthusiastic = willingly, recommending = promoting33. negative effects = consumers…and much more damaging ways34. effectively = a relatively quick and well-orchestrated35. alternatives = own media / sold media / hijacked media36. happiness = joy, retrospect = past-tense condition37. highly valued = attractive / cute / smiling38. exposed to criticism = bothered with the message…39. misleading = unrealistic40. influenced = small, subconscious way contributing, our attitude = own dissatisfactions。
考研英语常用的阅读同义词替换
考研英语常用的阅读同义词替换artificialsynthetic, fabricated, contrived, fake, mock, bogus, counterfeit, pseudoconventionaltraditional, historical, past; accepted, common, regular, routine, mainstream, ordinaryearlyfirst, old, ancient, primitive, previous, former, remotesimulatevirtual, create, reproduce, pretend, imitateartificialsynthetic, fabricated, contrived, fake, mock, bogus, counterfeit, pseudoreducecurtail, cut, decrease, halve, impair, lessen, moderate, trim, slashfuturewhat's next, prospect, approaching, expected, destined, forthcomingworldwideinternational, cosmopolitan, global, universal, ubiquitous, widespread, around the worlddevelopevolve, advance, grow, improve, progress, flourishfinddiscover, come across, encounter, hit on, expose, notice, note, observe, recognize, spot, uncoverdemandrequest, claim, need, order, require, call fordeclinedecrease, degeneration, drop, fall, recession, depression, reduction, slump, worseningsignificanceimportance, milestone, impact, justification, gist, implication, point, purport, vitalprevelantcommon, usual, prevailing, widespread, systematic, collective, general, popularobjectionchanllenge, complaint, disapproval, opposition, protest, query, question, remonstrationobstaclebar, barricade, barrier, block, blockage, check, obstruction, problem, snag, hurdlecommercialbusiness, economic, financial, mercantile, profitable, pecuniaryinevitableunavoidable, certain, destined, fated, inescapable, suremillitaryarmed, belligerent, army, weapon, warlikerolefunction (provide, support, weaken, smooth, solve), job, position, duty, post, task, contributionrecentmodern, current, now, nowadays, today, contemporaneous, new, novel, present, up-to-datedifficultyhandicap, hardship, adversity, challenge, complication, dilemma, perplexity, plight, troublehowdescribe, operate, explain, clarify, demonstrate, eludicate, expound, illustrate, interpret, account for。
考研英语真题高频同义替换
考研英语真题高频同义替换在考研英语的复习过程中，研究真题是至关重要的一环。
而真题中频繁出现的同义替换现象，更是需要我们重点关注和掌握的要点。
同义替换不仅能帮助我们更准确地理解阅读文章，还有助于提升我们在写作和翻译中的表达能力。
首先，让我们来看看词汇层面的同义替换。
比如，“important”这个常见词，在真题中常常会被“significant”“crucial”“essential”等词替换。
再比如，表示“增加”的词汇，除了“increase”，还可能出现“rise”“grow”“expand”等。
同样，“difficult”可以被“hard”“tough”“challenging”所替代。
在短语方面，“in conclusion”可能会被“to sum up”“in a word”等替换；“on the contrary”则可能变成“by contrast”“conversely”。
接下来，我们深入到句子层面的同义替换。
有时候，一个复杂的长句可能会被一个简单的短句所替换，但表达的意思是一致的。
比如，“The fact that he was late made his teacher angry”可能会被“He was late, which made his teacher angry”替换。
另外，在不同的题型中，同义替换也有着不同的表现形式和作用。
在阅读理解中，同义替换常常被用来设置题目和选项。
例如，原文中提到“Some people believe that”，题目中可能会变成“Certain individualshold the view that”。
这就要求我们在阅读时，要有敏锐的意识，能够识别出这些细微的变化。
在翻译部分，掌握同义替换可以让我们的译文更加丰富多样，避免重复和单调。
比如，“他很聪明，能够解决这个难题。
”可以翻译为“Heis very intelligent and is capable of solving this difficult problem”也可以是“He is so smart that he can handle this tough problem”在写作中，灵活运用同义替换能够提升我们文章的语言质量。
考研阅读替换词总结(太奇邵宁课程笔记自己整理)
阅读替换词总结（文—题）1.overlook—neglect2.obliged—requested—compulsory必须的必要的3.oblige—compel强迫4.originality原创性—creativity创造性5.deliberate故意的—intentional有意的—purposeful6.scarcely—hardly—rarely7.trap—catch8.hazardous有毒有害的—dangerous9.neighbor邻—approach近10.in the neighborhood of—approximately大约的接近的11.obstacle—barrier （trade barrier/protection/tariff都是贸易保护）12.lean on—count on（on在动词后面多半表“依靠”）13.get down to business—begin our work14.convert—turn（都可接into）15.diverse—various多种多样的16.observe观察；服从—follow17.notice—watch18.interpretation—explanationmitment责任；承诺—obligation义务（辨析commitment committee commission）20.at stake—in danger at stake—at risk冒险21.opposed to—in contrast to22.surpass—exceed23.disturbing—troublesome24.plant—abound plentiful—abundant大量的25.pledge—promise26.channel—medium27.take advantage of—make use of发挥优势—发挥作用28.fascinate—attract29.call off—cancel30.achieve—attain 达到—获得31.retain保持+maintain维持=remain依然32.in line with—in cooperation with33.damp—moist—humid34.boom—flourish 繁荣35.allow for—consider考虑36.allow for—excuse体谅37.subsidy—allowance38.diagnose—determine39.fabricate—make up—forge40.gorgeous—beautiful41.work out—figure out42.flexible—elastic43.privileges—right44.go for—support45.in effect—in fact46.highlight—climax47.moderate—reasonable48.option—choice49.hold back—delay50.earnestly—seriously51.outlook—prospect52.outlook—viewpoint53.collapse—fall down54.threaten—endanger55.incredible—unbelievable56.gave away—revealed57.step down—resign58.sole—only59.submit—put forward上交60.zeal—eagerness61.unstable动荡的—turbulent紊乱的（troubled）62.or else—otherwise63.in sequence—in orderpress—condense65.tender—soft and easy to eat66. a trifle—a thing of little value67.tame—obedient68.inevitable—unavoidable69.reconcile调和；平息—settle搞定70.feasible—possible71.suspended—postponed72.propagate—spread73.reciprocal收回的；回报的—return74.classify—categorize75.flee—run away from76.pursue—chase after追求77.verify—confirm78.abide by—observe79.at length—in detail80.urgent—pressing紧迫的81.stereotype—fixed conception82.approach途—method83.approach近—neighbor84.on occasion偶尔；间或—now and then或现在；或将来85.aspiration—ambition86.enhance—improve87.pledge—promise88.amount to总；完结—accomplish89.frequent经常的；频繁的—continual连续不断的90.resort求助；诉诸；旅游胜地—vacationland91.traditional—conventional92.massive—enormous93.an essential必须的—a necessary94.nevertheless—however95.dismantle拆除；取消—demolish取消；废除96.preserve—protect97.make every effort努力—endeavorplicate—perplex99.denote表明—indicate100.ensure—undertake保证101.superior to—better than102.slight轻微的—small103.impede阻碍—hinder104.absolute—complete105.induce—cause106.at leisure从容不迫的—without haste107.appreciate欣赏；感激—enjoy欣赏；享受108.on behalf of—in the name of109.exclusively专门地—solely专有的唯一的110.controversy—disputation111.industrious—diligent112.dedicate—devote113.ultimate—final114.potential—latent115.substitute—replacement116.precision—accurate117.an annual—a yearly118.in place准备就绪—ready119.capable—ability120.on a budget节省费用—cost saving121.fancy—like122.surplus盈余的—extra额外的；多余的123.absorb记忆—remember124.preliminary首先的—opening125.coach训练—train126.recession—depression127.catch up追赶上—overhaul超过；追赶上128.resentment愤恨；不满—irritation129.reshape重塑—renew130.under fire—criticized131.fled to逃到；转向—turn to132.reliance—dependence133.show—find134.impossible—unrealistically135.stand out/outstanding—successful136.best—most137.nothing more—most138.how—much*139.lib解—rid除140.liberate——get rid of141.equal等—share同142.outcry—disapproval—discontent143.evils of human nature—mean-spirited（刻薄的灵魂）e clean to sb.—disclosure145.hypocrisy—inconsistency虚伪146.because因—impact果147.reason原因—factor因素148.experience经历—qualification资历149.bankrupt—financial crisis。
考研阅读中可同义替换的单词
1.important =crucial (extremely important), significant (amount or effect large enough to be important)2. common=universal, ubiquitous (if something is ubiquitous, it seems to be everywhere)3.abundant=ample (enough and usually extra), plentiful(enough for people's needs and wants)4.stick=adhere, cling (hold on something tightly)5.neglect=ignore (difference: neglect means someone has not paid enough attention to something; ignore means no attention.)6.near=adjacent (two things next to each other), adjoin(the same as adjacent)7.pursue=woo(man woos woman, old-fashioned), seek(if you seek sth, you try to obtain it. FORMAL)8.accurate=precise (precise is exact and accurate in all details), exact(correct in every detail)9.vague=obscure (unknown or known by only a few people)10.top=peak, summitpetitor=rival, opponent (especially in sports and politics)12.blame=condemn(if you condemn something, you say it is very bad and unacceptable)13.opinon=perspective, standpoint (means looking at an event or situation in a particular way)14.fame=prestige(describe those who are admired), reputation15.build=erect (you can erect something as buildings, FORMAL), establish16.insult=humiliate (do something or say something which makes people feel ashamed or stupid)plain=grumble(complain something in a bad-tempered way)18.primary=radical (very important and great in degree), fundamental19.relieve=alleviate(alleviate means you make pain or sufferings less intense or severe)20.force=coerce into (coerce means you make someone do something s/he does not want to),compel21.enlarge=magnify (magnify means make something larger than it really is)plex=intricate (if something is intricate, it often has many small parts and details)23. Lonely=solitary (if someone is solitary, there is no one near him/her24.small=minuscule (very small), minute,25.praise=extol (stronger than praise), compliment (polite and political)26.hard-working=assiduous=diligent=industrious (someone who is assiduous works hard or does things very thoroughly27.difficult=arduous(if something is arduous, it is difficult and tiring, and involves a lot of efforts)28.poor(soil)=barren, infertile (used to describe the soil is so poor that plants cannot be planted on it)29.fragile=brittle, vulnerable (someone who is vulnerable is easily hurt emotionally or physically)30.show=demonstrate (to demonstrate a fact means tp make it clear to people.)31.big=massive (large in size, quantity, or extent), colossal (use this word, you emphasize something’s large), tremendous (INFORMAL)32.avoid=shun (if someone shuns something, s/he deliberately avoidthat something or keep away from it.)33.fair=impartial (someone who is impartial is able to give a fair opinion or decision on something.)34.attack=assault(physically attack someone), assail (attack violently35.dislike=abhor (abhor means you hate something to a extreme extent for moral reasons), loathe (dislike very much)!36.ruin=devastate(it means damage something very badly, or utterly destroy it.)37.always=invariably (the same as always, but better than always)38.forever=perpetual (a perpetual state never changes), immutable (something immutable will never change or be changed)39.surprise=startle (it means surprise you slightly), astound (surprise you to a large degree),astonish(the same as astound)40.enthusiasm=zeal(a great enthusiasm), fervency (sincere andenthusiasm)41.quiet=tranquil (calm and peaceful), serene (calm and quiet)!42.expensive=exorbitant (it means too expensive that it should be)43.luxurious=lavish (impressive and very expensive), sumptuous (grand and very expensive44.boring=tedious (if you describe something tedious, you mean it is boring and frustrating)46.respect=esteem (if you esteem someone, you respect and admire him/her. FORMAL)47.worry=fret (if you fret about something, you worry about it)48.cold=chilly(unpleasantly cold), icy (extremely cold)49.hot=boiling(very hot)50.dangerous=perilous (very dangerous, hazardous(dangerous,especially to people's safety and health)51.nowadays=currently52.only=unique (the only one of its kind), distinctive;53.stop=cease (if something ceases, it stops happening or existing)54.part=component (the components of something are the parts that it is made of)55.result=consequence (the results or effects of something)56.obvious=apparent, manifest57.based on=derived from (can see or notice them very easily)58.quite=fairly59.pathetic=lamentable (very uncomfortable and disappointing)60.field=domain(a particular field of thought, activities or interest)61.appear=emerge (come into existence)62.whole=entire (the whole of something)63.wet=moist (slightly wet), damp(slightly wet), humid (very damp and hot)!64.wrong=erroneous (incorrect or partly correct)65.difficult=formidable66.change=convert (change into another form)67.typical=quintessential (this word means represent a typical example of something)68.careful=cautious (very careful in order to avoid danger),prudent (careful and sensible)69.ability=capacity, capability(the same as ability)70.strange=eccentric (if some one is eccentric, s/he behaves in a strange way, or his/her opinion is different from most people)71.rich=affluent(if you are affluent, you have a lot of money)e= utilize(the same as use)73.dubious=skeptical(if you are skeptical about something, you have doubts on it.)74.satisfy=gratify(if you are gratified by something, it gives you pleasure and satisfaction)75.short=fleeting, ephemeral(if something is ephemeral, it lasts a short time)76.scholarship=fellowship77.angry=enraged(extremely angry)78.smelly=malodorous(used to describe an unpleasant smell)79.ugly=hideous (if something is hideous, it is very ugly or unattractive)80.attractive=appealing(pleasing and attractive), absorbing (something absorbing can attract you a great deal)81.diverse=miscellaneous(a miscellaneous groups consists of many different kinds of things)82.disorder=disarray, chaos83.crazily=frantically(used to describe someone who behaves in a wild and uncontrolled way)84.rapid=meteoric (ATTENTION: meteoric is only used to describe someone achieves success quickly)85.ordinary=mundane (very ordinary and not at interesting or unusual)86.despite=notwithstanding (FORMAL)87.best=optimal (used to describe the best level something can achieve)/88.sharp=acute(severe and intense)89.unbelievable=inconceivable (if you deem（认为）something inconceivable, you think it very unlike to happen ^90.puzzle=perplex(something perplex someone means it confuses and worries him/her because he/she does not understand it)92.famous=distinguished (used to describe people who are successful in their career)93.ancient=archaic(extremely old and extremely old-fashioned)94.decorate=embellish(embellish means make something look more attractive via decorating it with something else)/95.possible=feasible (if something is feasible, it can be done, made or achieved)96.so=consequently, accordingly97.rare=infrequent(doesn’t happen often98.greedy=rapacious(greedy and selfish)。
考研英语真题高频同义替换
近十七年（英语一十年、英语二七年）最高频正确答案同义替换前言：考研阅读，通常每篇，五道题，三道同义替换+一道段落总结/一道词汇题+一道全文总结，替换，非常重要——英语一weigh（看重）=pay much closer attention（密切关注）；reluctant（不情愿）=not to be co-operative（不合作）；un answered question（未知答案）=uncertain（不确定）；should stay out of the way（别干涉）=have the freedom to choose their own way（自己有权选择）；legislative initiative（立法举动）=legislative measure （立法措施）；parallel（相似物）=is also applicable（同样适用）；change（改变）=modify（修改）；have... dream（做...梦）=show up in dreams（在梦中展现）；has its way（自有其道）=as usual（顺其自然）。
homogenize（v.同化）=assimilate（v.同化）play a role（对…起到作用）=launch（v.发起…某物）threat（v.威胁，危害）=poisonous（a.有毒的，有害的）many fans（很多粉丝）=influential （a.有影响力的）not dark and deteriorating（不黑暗、不颓败）=successful（成功的）doubt（v.怀疑，不相信）=deny（v.拒绝承认）add a penny（增加收入）=contribute（v.做贡献）bring in revenue（带来收益）=spend more money（花了更多钱）cry poor（哭穷）=not really short of money（并不真穷）break attendance record（破上座记录）=attendance is on the rise（人数一直升）same（相同的）=similar（相似的）sea（海洋）=ocean（海洋）stock（存储量）=biomass（生物数量）not conservative（不保守的）=greater（更大的）bummer（痛苦、讨厌）=unpleasant（不高兴的）distasteful（令人反感的）=bitter（苦的）a breath of fresh（清新的空气）=refresh（v.使恢复活力）elite精英=who perform well做得好的人mania疯狂= craze疯狂cognitive exercise认知训练=meaningful processing of information有意识地信息处理be made被制造= owe to nurture基于培养be born被生育= owe to nature基于自然Practice makes perfect熟能生巧= talent is highly overrated天才被高估similar to相似于=analogy类比adult and children’s version成人和儿童版本=formats for adults and children成人和儿童形式are obtained through获得于= is now based on基于not be reliable不可靠= may not assess评估不了vulnerable to易受伤害于= lost the parachute丢掉了安全伞less secured payments=depending on investment returnlarge new dose of investment risk新的数量的投资风险=increase the families’ investment risk增加投资风险political fallout may not be far政治波及影响不远了=may bring about political problems带来政治问题on the cliff岌岌可危= reduce to poor重变穷狗data insecurity数据不安全= data leakage数据泄露weak point弱点=potential vulnerabilities潜在的易受伤性go astray丢失了=leakage泄露regulators will act管理者要行动= legal penalty法律惩罚come as a surprise我的天哪！= fail to see不能理解The mystery is我的天呐！= what puzzles百思不得其解..vulnerable to易受伤害的= susceptible to易受影响的increased “opportunities” for有更多的…的机会=expose tomore 暴露于更多…之中durable更耐久的=longer更久的frequent频繁的=not one-shot deal不是一锤子买卖from paycheck to paycheck从一个工资单到另一个工资单=barely covered one’s expense几乎支付不起花费depression压力=stress压力traditional process传统过程= It usedto be过去常常upset sb.使不安= make heavy reading for sb.使阅读心情不轻松making access to给创造入口=provides an easier access to提供更容易的入口pay for支付= cover the cost支付change the traditional改变传统= newmode of新模式change变化=alteration变化plays a key role起关键作用=main reason主要原因Living standard生活标准= dietand health饮食和健康condition从条件上限制= cannot easily withstand不能轻松应对reached their limit达到极限=generally stopped growing基本停止增长early days早期时光=infancy婴儿期，初期fragile易碎的=delicate脆弱的complex复杂的= distaste also understood it is bedrock不喜欢但是也知道其重要politically lives depended on政治上依存于=benefit politically from政治上获益于military experience军事经历=observing the bravery of the black soldiers观察到了黑人士兵的勇敢vulnerable to易受伤害的= susceptible to易受影响的increased “opportunities” for有更多的…的机会=exposeto more 暴露于更多…之中durable更耐久的=longer更久的frequent频繁的=not one-shot deal不是一锤子买卖from paycheck to paycheck从一个工资单到另一个工资单=barely covered one’s expense几乎支付不起花费depression压力=stress压力traditional process传统过程= It usedto be过去常常upset sb.使不安= make heavyreading for sb.使阅读心情不轻松making access to给创造入口=provides an easier access to提供更容易的入口pay for支付= cover the cost支付change the traditional改变传统= new mode of新模式change变化=alteration变化plays a key role起关键作用=main reason主要原因Living standard生活标准= dietand health饮食和健康condition从条件上限制= cannot easily withstand不能轻松应对reached their limit达到极限=generally stopped growing基本停止增长early days早期时光=infancy婴儿期，初期fragile易碎的=delicate脆弱的complex复杂的= distaste also understood it is bedrock不喜欢但是也知道其重要politically lives depended on政治上依存于=benefit politically from政治上获益于military experience军事经历=observing the bravery of the black soldiers观察到了黑人士兵的勇敢no good=undesirable不好的learn from= take a page from学习enough explore= adequately probe充分地挖掘occurs without realizing= unconsciously无意识发生Far less certain=questionable可疑的reneging on= dishonoring食言seek favor= seek permission寻求支持purchase=buy购买management= managerial practices管理实践the limits= how far extend某物的极限should be consequence=be affected被影响uncertainty=be ambiguous模糊complexity=be complicated复杂enlarge=thrive壮大prudent=cautious谨慎rally against=be barrier障碍acclaim=favorable response欢呼喝彩modest=unpretentious谦虚的overestimate=exaggerate夸大accessible=available可用到的lookingfor=pursue追求poach=hunt for 猎invert=get out-dated过时了impinge on=do harm to伤害Charter=standard宪章；标准be rejected= deny access for拒绝public sentiment=poll民意测验notwell reflected in politics = has limited political support没有政治支持consumes=destroy消耗not respect=disregard不考虑not be absolutely= skepticism可疑lenient=less severe轻微的impact=influence影响amount=how much总量oughtto= necessary需要去expensive=high cost贵change=adjustment改变Good=commodity产品英语二——involved in auctions参与拍卖 = spending money花钱down by nearly 90%下降九成= fall dramatically剧烈下降waiting for confidence期待信心= awaiting better chances等待机会deliver works of art to the market发布作品去艺术品市场=promoting art work circulation促进艺术品发行bull run ended牛市结束=decline衰落complain sth. didn’t抱怨没有做到某事=have the expectation期待wreaking havoc制造大破坏= causing damage制造损害communication交流= conversation对话couple配偶=spouse配偶attach much importance to重视=focus on聚焦于create new behavior制造新的行为=cultivate the habit培养习惯impact影响=influence影响manufacture制造=create制造commercial promotion商业促销= relentless advertising无尽的广告inadequacy不足=have way around可以避开domestic家里=home家里required to do被要求去=ought to do应该去enormous bonus巨额奖金=excessive profit更多的利润have enough independence有充分自主权= independent独立的do less well做地不好= perform worse表现更差attractive offers开出更有吸引力的条件=create incentive创造刺激in a desperate situation处于绝望处境= chronicling their owndoom数着自己的末日时间表reduce cost减少成本=save money省钱dependent onadvertising依靠广告=reliance on ads依赖广告essential本质的，必须的=important重要的had a great influence upon有很大影响= exert enormousinfluence施加很多影响reliant on abundant decoration依赖大量的装饰= derive from abundance来源于装饰shared some characteristics有共同的特征=equivalent of…就是等同于Natural scenes自然景观= landscape风景cheer leaders拉拉队长= supporters支持者fail to reach anagreement没有达到同意= but disagreeabout不同意于something is hopeful有希望的= too soon to write off说抹掉..太操之过急。
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考研英语阅读：正确选项同义词改写一览表【使用说明】等号前为正确选项词汇或短语，等号后为原文词汇或短语。
等号不代表词义、词性的完全相同，只是一种意思上的对应。
需要注意三个问题：1、不要把此表当同义词表背诵，同义词表会另行发布；2、此表可用来检查词汇与原文的对应关系，或核对答案来源；3、有时题干也与原文有同义词转换关系，此处不再赘述。
2002.41. C: 与原文一致42. B: conscious of = think43. D: laughing stock = scapegoats44. D: casually = natural / casual / relaxed45. A: use = using / must know / to know / must practice / look for / search for（各段首句）46. C: the invention of = devise, difficult = burdensome47. C: devices = robot systems48. D: respond = interact, changing = dynamic49. B: intervention = supervision50. C: brain = mind, relevant information = the monkey…or the single suspicious face…51. B: reduction in supply = supply-cuts52. D: 与原文一致53. D: no significant impact = only 0.25-0.5%54. A: shocks = swings, less shocking = less sensitive55. A: optimistic = less severe / less dependent on / less sensitive / not to lose sleep（各段首句）56. B: illegal = no constitutional right, help the dying end = physician-assisted suicide57. C: pain-relieving medication = morphine58. B: inadequate treatment = undertreatment59. A: bold = aggressive60. D: 与原文一致2003．41. B: remold = reshape, intelligence service = Donovan’s vocation42. A: online spying = electronic spying43. C: success = splash44. C: unpredictability = difficult to tell good information from bad45. B: nonconformist image = outsider status46. A: call on = need to, take some actions = r espond forcefully to…47. B: inhuman = cruel, unacceptable = wasteful48. B: ignorance = don't understand49. A: 与原文一致50. D: a supporter = who has made courageous statements about…51. C: outside competitor = trucks52. D: apprehensive = complain / worry / fear53. C: unlikely = but the process is expensive, time-consuming, …54. B: judges = arbiters = determining55. A: acquisition = acquire one another56. C: over-confident = doubled / can be replaced / controlled / removed57. A: wasted = useless58. B: reserved consent = I would not go that far + 各段首句59. D: reasonably = spend far less on medical care60. C: a fact of life = normal（二段首句）2004.41. C: special service = “personal search agent”42. A: lack of = no43. D: 与原文一致44. B: attract = tempt45. C: those already employed = those who aren't hunting for jobs46. A: overlooked = insidious, inequality = discrimination47. D: subtle = insidious / unaware of48. C: should pay attention to = they（孩子）get less individual attention49. B: doze off = ZZZ50. D: unintentional = unaware of / insidious, bias = discrimination51. D: not in a desperate situation = not in despair（三段首句）52. A: 与原文一致53. B: real estate = home (prices)54. A: certain ways = lower interest rates / sustained boom / upside等55. C: caution = mildly concerned, panic not = not panicked56. C: practical abilities = practical education57. A: undervaluing intellect = anti-intellectualism58. D: 通过总结得出59. B: opponent = thought schooling and rigorous book learning put unnatural restraints60. C: 反话正说2005.21. C: comparison = all too monkey, as well22. B: resent = outraged, unfairness = sense of grievance23. A: inclined to = tend to, weigh = pay much closer attention to, what they get = the value of “goods and services”24. C: 正话反说25. B: indignation = sense of fairness, uncertain source = unanswered question26. C: 反话正说27. D: 与原文一致28. A: study = research, kill = instead of29. D: legislative measures = legislative initiative30. B: a lesson…is applicable to… 属于时文主旨题31. A: modify = change / brought under conscious control32. C: relation = link33. D: show up = seem to have34. D: 与原文一致35. A: lead your life as usual = the brain has its ways of working through bad feelings36. B: is but all too = to be37. D: informality = spontaneity38. A: logical thinking = think straight39. B: their efforts = use formal language（符合文章主题）40. C: functional = useful, artistic = beautiful2006.21. C: assimilate = difference（反义词）/ uniformity / absorb22. A: played a role = launched by23. C: hardly a threat = hardly poisonous24. D: powerful influence = immune to the nation’s assimilative power（反义）25. B: successful = hardly suggest a dark and deteriorating social environment26. A: townsfolk = residents, deny = doubt, contribution = adds a penny27. B: spend more money = bring in much of the town’s revenue28. C: not really short of money = every hotel…Hilton is building its own hotel…29. D: on the rise = has broken attendance records30. D: sympathetic = it would be a shame to raise prices too much…31. C: sea = ocean, the same threat = something similar32. A: stock = biomass, old fisheries = long-fished areas33. C: suffered a greater loss = conservative34. D: adjust…to…= shifting baseline35. B: 与原文一致36. D: change = began seeing, focus of interest = meaningless, phony, boring37. B: unpleasant = misery / died young / souls in danger / be meat for worms38. D: create = make the very idea, illusion = unreliable39. B: distasteful = bitter, refreshing = a breath of fresh air40. A: religion = church2007.21. C: what makes = account for, expert performance = superior soccer skills22. B: craze = mad23. A: process = encode24. D: high achievers = expert performers, nurture = talent is highly overrated25. C: practice = always made, not born26. D: words = verbal, graphs = visual, similar to = analogies27. C: the test contents and formats = version28. A: different computational procedures = scoring is now…rather than…29. A: reliable indicator = assess all the important elements…30. B: skeptical = may not assess / do not necessarily predict so well31. C: changes in family economics = a pink slip / a bad diagnosis / a disappearing spouse32. B: less secured = depending on investment returns33. D: increase = a large new dose of34. C: financial problems = financial fallout35. B: on the cliff = risk36. D: data leakage = data insecurity37. A: weak point = vulnerabilities38. B: should be given due attention = an asset / the key to market value39. A: the link between…and… = few things are more likely to…than…40. D: 反话正说2008.21. A: biologically = sex hormones, be vulnerable to = be susceptible to22. D: exposed to = have / dealing with, more stress = so much more / so many more23. C: durable = chronic, frequent = repeated24. B: house hold expenses = pay the rent / car payment / debt25. D: 各段首句得出26. D: traditional = used to27. C: upset = makes heavy reading28. A: provide an easier access to = make access to…a reality29. A: cover = pay for30. B: mode = model（末段第二句）31. A: the change of height = bigger, longer frames / stopped growing32. C: living standards = calories and nutrients / diet and health improved33. B: conditioned = cannot withstand repeated strain34. D: be applicable = could use and feel fairly confident35. C: 各段首句得出36. D: unknown aspect = a far different image from…37. B: early days = infancy, delicate situations = fragile nature / moral compromises38. C: complex = express distaste…, also understood it was the bedrock…39. A: Founding Fathers = statesmen, benefit politically = political lives depended on40. B: military experience = the bravery of black soldiers during the Revolution War 2009.21. C: mechanical = unreflecting22. D: guide = direct（第三段）23. A: tracks = pathways / roads24. D: curiosity = fascination, creative minds = innovation25. A: prevent = few of us inherently use, new habits = innovative and collaborative thought26. A: availability =﹩30+120 / local drug store / without prescription / more than two dozen companies sell…27. C: identify = testing, parent-child = paternity28. D: accuracy = precision29. A: disorganized = don’t collect systematically / lump together30. B: 各段首句，problems = skeptical / critics also argue that…31. D: overestimate = very highest priorities…is wrong32. B: take efforts of = require33. B: more productive = the global leader of productivity34. C: no longer went hungry = began to get its food35. C: productivity = that potential36. B: encouraged = so much importance attached to37. B: brought with them = as carriers of, Old World = European38. D: 与原文一致39. A: superstitions = superstitious quality40. C: different intellectual background为各段首句总结2010.21. B: used to = a time when / the 20th century / once22. A: free themes = unfocused23. D: writers = authors, are capable of = have brains enough or literacy gift enough to…24. A: may not appeal to = unknown / have little use for…25. B: the lost horizon = inexorable decline / virtually forgotten / prospect seems remote26. C: restriction = scale back / eliminate / curbs on27. D: legal = court / lawyers28. C: change of attitude = curbs vs. approving29. B: unnecessarily issued = too many patents were being upheld30. A: looming = appears completely ready to / would use / would be31. B: spreading idea s = “social epidemics” are driven32. D: require solid evidence = plausible-sounding / untested / cursory / anecdotal33. A: social interactions = each person so affected34. C: and then influence others = in turn influence theirs35. C: the readiness to be influenced = a critical mass of easily influenced people36. A: unfavorable = enormous losses / not fair37. D: weakening = is being compromised38. C: act on their own = act with overall planning / live in a political vacuum39. B: exaggerated the real value = vastly overvalued40. D: sympathy = inviting pressure to make more concessions2011.21. C: acclaim = favorable22. B: modest = unpretentious / no air of formidable23. D: overestimate = no substitute for…are missing the point24. B: easily accessible = available everywhere25. A: doubtful = but what will be the nature of…? / …will not enough26. B: frank = straight up / come right out27. D: new career goals = aspirations / a CEO post / wish to move on28. C: hunt for = a single search29. A: used to = traditional, cling to their posts = stay where you are30. C: net = job, 第三、四、五段首句31. D: enthusiastic = willingly, recommending = promoting32. C: 与原文一致33. B: negative effects = consumers…and much more damaging ways34. A: effectively = a relatively quick and well-orchestrated35. A: alternatives = own media / sold media / hijacked media36. C: happiness = joy, retrospect = past-tense condition37. D: highly valued = attractive / cute / smiling38. A: exposed to criticism = bothered with th e message…39. D: misleading = unrealistic40. B: influenced = small, subconscious way contributing, our attitude = own dissatisfactions【作者：广州新东方学校吴洋】。