考研英语阅读理解常见单词特殊义(全)
背单词手册（随书附赠）
考研阅读核心词汇篇
考研英语一词多义总结
前言
大家虽然费了很大力气才记住一些单词，在考试中却往往起不到作用。
其实，任何人如果能够多了解一些英语语言学的基础知识，便可以对这种情况有比较清楚的认识。英语语义学将一个单词的含义划分为七个层面，普通英汉词典中给出的往往只是单词的概念意义（ conceptual meaning ），或者至多也不过是供参考和选择的潜在语意，即脱离了使用场合后的基本含义，其目的只是为了方便学习者对单词进行记忆。但大家都很明白，单词一旦脱离使用环境就不再具有任何实际意义了。另外，从词源学角度讲，每个单词在特定时期通常只有一个主导含义。考研英语考试中选取的语篇基都是最新材,因此词汇含义当然也是最新的，有些甚至市面上通行的词典还未来得及收录。
针对这种情况，笔者特意为考生编制了这个一词多义总结。名为多义，实际上除了个别意义确实较多的单词外，大部分还是一义，即这些单词在近年考试真题中出现时的最主要含义（有些条目指的是注释中带有下划线的部分）。当然，如果某些单词的常用含义确实不止一个，我们也基于语用学的基本原则为大家指出这些含义所使用的场合（为使考生理解得更加准确，个别单词甚至附上其英语解释）。
例子:
1.If you then examined the European national youth teams that feed the World Cup and
professional ranks, you would find this strange phenomenon to be even more pronounced.
2.There are upsetting parallels today, as scientists in one wave after another try to awaken
us to the growing threat of global warming
3.The wear-and-tear that comes from these longer relationships can be quite devastating.
4.Managers have been more than willing to adjust team uniforms to fit the growing numbers
of bigger, longer frames.
5.Thomas Jefferson had fathered at least one child with his slave Sally Hemings.
6.Works by Gore Vidal, Henry Wiencek, and Garry Wills reveal the fragile nature of the
country's infancy.
7.This “ added-worker effect” could support the safety net to help families weather bad
times.
8.trading much or all of their guaranteed payments for payments depending on investment
9.bosses and boards have finally sorted out their worst accounting and compliance troubles.
10.For younger families, the picture is not any better.
11.This is “the democratizing uniformity of dress and discourse
12.The large, slow-growing animals were easy game.
13.A bill by Democratic Senator Robert Byrd of West Virginia is a promising start.
14.Americans no longer expect public figuresto command the English language with skill and
gift.
15.On the day after we send our messages, we see a sharp increase in our traffic.
正文部分
?above / beyond: 介词，后面接抽象而不是具体名词时表示“无法做到”，例如：“ above comprehension ”的意思是“无法理解”。
?in the absence of something: “缺少，没有”，用于替代“ in short of ”或者“ be lacking in ”。
?be absorbed in something: “专心从事”。
?amount to: 在翻译或者阅读考试中的含义经常会是“竟然达到… 的地步，程度”。
?anchor: 动词有“ 固定，安定”的含义，而名词的用法中如果是用于新闻界，则表示“ 新闻播音员”。
?appeal to somebody: “吸引某个人的注意力”。
?appeal to court: 法律用语，“上诉”。
?appearance: “状况，现象”。
?apply: 日常生活中是“涂抹，敷药”的含义。
?apply to something: “适用于”。
?approach: 名词表示“方法，手段”，动词则是“处理，处置”。
?appropriate to: “适用于，与之相应”。
?argue: 在写作中可以表示“认为”，如果与介词同时使用，如“ argue for ”表示“支持”，“ argue against ”表示“反对”。
?argument: “观点，主”。
?arrest one's attention: “引起某个人的注意”。
?art: “技术，技能”。
?article: 日常生活购物场景下表示“一件商品”。
?assert oneself: “表现自己”或“维护自己的权利”。
?association: “联想，联想意义”。
?assume: 动词，“承担任务或角色，任职”。
?attachment: “依赖，眷恋”。
?authorities: “政府当局”，或者由上下文决定的“ 最高机构”，例如在教育的文章中，这个词可能就是“教育部或者是校方，教师”的含义。
?back up: “支持”。
?balance: 在经济英语中指的是“账面余额”。
?bargain: 名词形式在口语中很常用，表示“物超所值的商品”。
?–based: 这个词缀用在任何一个地点名词的后面，表示“总部位于某个地方”。
?bear: 最原始的含义表示“承载，承受”。
?bearing: 用在人的身上指人的“品格，气质”，日常是“方向”的含义。
?better: 动词的意思是“优于，胜过”。
?the better part of: “大多数，大半个”。
?bid: 动词是“吩咐，命令”，名词有的时候有“试图，企图”的含义。
?board: 名词最常用的含义是“委员会”，动词后面接交通工具则是“上火车，上船，上飞机”。?bold: 在印刷术语中是“粗体字”的含义。
?be born to do something: “天生有能力做某件事情”。
?be bound to do something: “一定会做某件事情”。
?branch: “分支机构”，看上下文可以翻译成为“分校，分公司，银行分行”等等。
?brand–new: “崭新的”。
?bridge the gap: “缩短差距”。
?calculate: “盘算，估算”。
?camp: 动词的含义是“驻扎”。
?campaign: “（有益的大型）活动”。
?cap: 本身的含义是“帽子”，但使用的时候则可以表示“最高部分，上限”。
?at capacity: 词组，“全速地，完全地”。
?capture one's attention / imagination: capture 的本意是“俘获”，但是在这两个搭配中的含义是“ 吸引某人的注意 / 使人产生遐想”。
?car: “火车车厢”。
?career: 虽然字典中常常将这个词解释为“事业”，但是在Langman Dictionary of Contemporary English 中，这个词被注释为“ a job or profession that you have been trained for, and which you do for a long period of your life ”，因此实际的中文含义还是“职业”。“ undertaking ”才是意义最广泛的“事业”。
?carefree: 这个词在Langman Dictionary of Contemporary English 的解释为“ having no worries or problems ”，相当于中文的“无所谓”，不知道为什么在所有的词典中都解释为“无忧无虑”，从中也可以看出英汉词典的局限。
?case: 通常的含义是“情况“，如果在法律环境下则是“案例”。
?cast: 日常生活中的含义是“铸造，塑造”，但是有一些固定的词组搭配，比如“ cast a glance at something / somebody ”是“将眼光投向某个事物或某个人”，“ cast light on something ”是“提供新信息，帮助理解”，而“ cast a shadow on something ”则是“在某件事情上投下阴影”。
?cause: “事业，目标”。
?cease to: “不再出现某种情况”。
?ceiling: 在经济和数学用语常表示“上限”。
?cell: 日常生活中，“ cell phone ”是“移动”的美式用法，在生物学领域则是“细胞”的意思。?cement: 作为动词，含义为“巩固，加强”。
?center on: “以… 为中心，围绕”。
?certain: 在心理学环境下的英语解释为“ feeling confident about yourself and your abilities ”，因此中文可以翻译为“自信”。
?choice: 形容词的意思是“精选的”。
?claim: 如果这个词后面接的是人，表示的含义是“让人丢了性命”。
?class: 动词的含义同“ classify ”基本相同，表示“分类”。
?clause: 法律用语中是“条款”。
?click: 计算机用语中是“点击”，由于计算机英语在日常生活中的普及，很多单词转入日常生活时会出现其他的含义，比如这个词的英语解释中就包括“ to suddenly understand or realize something ”和“ if two people click,they like, understand, and agree with each other ”，如何翻译大家应当很容易想到了。
?climate: “风气，风俗”。
?climb up: 表示数字“缓慢上升”。
?cloudy: “浑浊，模糊不清”，如果指心情，则表示“低沉，阴郁”。
?coach: 动词，“给一个运动队或个人做教练或进行指导”。
?coat: 生物、化学及医药用语中是“表面，外皮”的含义，因此例如“ sugar coating ”一类的词就是“糖衣”的含义了。
?code: 法律用语中是“规则，法典”的含义。
?collect: Langman Dictionary of Contemporary English 中的一个解释为“ to come to a particular place in order to take someone or something away ”，中文含义为“领取，接走”。
?colony: 生物学含义为“微生物的种群”。
?command: “掌握，拥有”。
?commercial: 名词是“电视商业广告”的含义，而“ advertisement ”一般指报纸中的广告。?commission: 通常的含义是“任务”，但是在商业用语中是“佣金，回扣”的含义。
?be committed to something: “决心做某件事情”。
?commitment: “决心”。
?communicate one's idea: “表达某个人的观点”。
?community: 与其他名词连用表示“界”，比如 scientific community 就是“ 科技界”，此外复数communities 也有“ 社会”的含义。
?company: “同伴，一起”。
?complain: 在很多时候都是“投诉”的意思。
?file complaint: 这个词组的含义也是“投诉”。
?complex: 如果用于建筑学，这个词的含义是“ 一组建筑群”
?concerning: 介词，“关于”，相当于“ with regard to ”或者“ regarding ”。
?concerted: 形容词，“共同的”，比如“ make concerted efforts ”表示共同努力。
?be conditioned to: Langman Dictionary of Contemporary English 中的解释为“ to make a person or an animal think or behave in a certain way by influencing or training them over a period of time ”，中文的含义有点象“习惯于，受… 的影响”。
?conduct: 这个词在英语学习当中是非常重要的。首先，作为名词，含义是“ 人的行为，品行，举止”，而作为动词，它的含义与 do 基本一致，但主要用于褒义场合。
?consequence: 本身是“结果，后果”，在词组“ far-reaching consequence ”中则是“影响，重要性”。
?constitution: “组成（成分）”，法律用语是“宪法”，因此词组“ constitutional right ”就是“宪法赋予的权力”。
?consume: 除去其“消费，消耗”的含义外，如果是“ be consumed with ”后面接表示情绪的名词，则表示“陷入，不能自拔”，因为根据Langman Dictionary of Contemporary English 中的解释，这个词组的含义为“ if a feeling or idea consumes you, it affects you very strongly, so that you cannot think about anything else ”。
?contain: 如果这个词后面出现的消极容，则表示“抑制，遏制”。
?context: 这个词与“ environment ”表示“自然环境”的含义相对，含义为“（抽象）环境”，“ in the context ”这个词组在单项词汇填空或者完型中被选的频率还是相当高的。
?contract: 如果后面接表示疾病的单词，则做动词的含义是“得了（大病，急病）”。
?contribute: 需要注意这个词是中性词，如果在消极场合中使用，就是“ 造成，导致”的含义。?contribution: “ 促成因素”。
?conventionally: 字面含义是“常规上讲”，但在阅读中表示“过去”。
?copy: 动词，“仿效，模仿”。
?corner: 动词的含义是“逼迫”，另外在听力考试中曾出现过“ cut the corners ”表示“走捷径，用最简洁经济的方式做事”。
?count: 及物动词表示“计算”，不及物动词则是“算数，起作用”。
?count on: “指望”。
?course: “河流的路径”，引申的含义是“事业”。
?court: 动词“追求”，名词在法律用语中是“法庭”，体育用语中是“中型球场”，比如篮球，排球，网球等等。
?cover: “掩盖”，含有贬义，此外在保险业用语中“ cover loss ”表示“保… 险”。
?crack down upon: “严厉打击”。
?credit: 词组“ give credit for / to ”的含义非常灵活，总的来说是“表扬，嘉奖，归功于”，但是理解时要看上下文。
?critical: “至关重要”，写作中可以用来替代“ important ”。
? a crop of: 描述人的量词，表示“ 一批，一代”，替代过去常用的 a generation of 。
2015考研英语阅读理解精读P18—医学
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考研英语阅读理解精读100篇之经济类
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UNIT SIX TEXT ONE Maintaining internal E-mail systems has long been the bane of the university information-technology director. Servers are unwieldy and unreliable, and in the past several years, the number of student complaints has grown exponentially as forward-moving providers like YahooMail, Hotmail, and Gmail have increased expectations of what E-mail should offer. The solution for a number of colleges has been to wave the white flag and outsource E-mail hosting to the experts. Microsoft, which owns Hotmail, and Google (Gmail) are the biggest players in the educational E-mail hosting market. Along with the neat-o peripheral gizmos like messaging, calendars, and collaboration tools, the outsourced systems are more stable, have better spam filters, and provide much more storage space than the typical university's in-house system. At the University of Pennsylvania, its old E-mail service gave students 60 megabytes of storage, just 3 percent of the 2 gigabytes Windows Live now provides. In return, Google and Microsoft get almost nothing, at least monetarily and in the short term. Microsoft's Windows Live @ edu and the Google Apps Education Edition are free of charge for schools. Eliminating another source of revenue, the two tech giants stripped their respective services of advertising in an effort to accommodate educators' concerns. Microsoft breaks even on the venture (it does run ads on non-E-mail services like instant messaging), while Google, which makes almost all its money through advertising, runs at a loss. But what money they don't make at the moment will—the companies hope—pay great dividends in the form of lifelong users in the future, says Google's Jeff Kelter. As quickly as they shuffle out of commencement, graduates see their E-mail transition to the traditional ad-based formats of Gmail and Hotmail. And unlike before, when universities couldn't afford to host thousands of alumni, Google and Microsoft can maintain every account indefinitely, retaining customers as long as customers still want them. Not all schools are ready to outsource their tech dirty work, with privacy and security topping the list of concerns. Critics worry that by handing over the responsibility of E-mail hosting, colleges also relinquish the freedom to keep the information safe in the best way they see fit. Even in the corporate world, there is great skepticism of consumer technologies like Google Apps. Yet most university IT managers agree that outsiders would do a better job protecting individual E-mail from viruses and spam than their own small operations, and strong word-of-mouth praise has done wonders to supplement the almost nonexistent marketing budgets for these Microsoft and Google
考研英语阅读理解常见单词特殊义(全)
背单词手册（随书附赠） 考研阅读核心词汇篇 考研英语一词多义总结 前言 大家虽然费了很大力气才记住一些单词，在考试中却往往起不到作用。 其实，任何人如果能够多了解一些英语语言学的基础知识，便可以对这种情况有比较清楚的认识。英语语义学将一个单词的含义划分为七个层面，普通英汉词典中给出的往往只是单词的概念意义（ conceptual meaning ），或者至多也不过是供参考和选择的潜在语意，即脱离了使用场合后的基本含义，其目的只是为了方便学习者对单词进行记忆。但大家都很明白，单词一旦脱离使用环境就不再具有任何实际意义了。另外，从词源学角度讲，每个单词在特定时期通常只有一个主导含义。考研英语考试中选取的语篇基都是最新材,因此词汇含义当然也是最新的，有些甚至市面上通行的词典还未来得及收录。 针对这种情况，笔者特意为考生编制了这个一词多义总结。名为多义，实际上除了个别意义确实较多的单词外，大部分还是一义，即这些单词在近年考试真题中出现时的最主要含义（有些条目指的是注释中带有下划线的部分）。当然，如果某些单词的常用含义确实不止一个，我们也基于语用学的基本原则为大家指出这些含义所使用的场合（为使考生理解得更加准确，个别单词甚至附上其英语解释）。 例子: 1.If you then examined the European national youth teams that feed the World Cup and professional ranks, you would find this strange phenomenon to be even more pronounced. 2.There are upsetting parallels today, as scientists in one wave after another try to awaken us to the growing threat of global warming 3.The wear-and-tear that comes from these longer relationships can be quite devastating. 4.Managers have been more than willing to adjust team uniforms to fit the growing numbers of bigger, longer frames. 5.Thomas Jefferson had fathered at least one child with his slave Sally Hemings. 6.Works by Gore Vidal, Henry Wiencek, and Garry Wills reveal the fragile nature of the country's infancy. 7.This “ added-worker effect” could support the safety net to help families weather bad times. 8.trading much or all of their guaranteed payments for payments depending on investment 9.bosses and boards have finally sorted out their worst accounting and compliance troubles. 10.For younger families, the picture is not any better. 11.This is “the democratizing uniformity of dress and discourse 12.The large, slow-growing animals were easy game. 13.A bill by Democratic Senator Robert Byrd of West Virginia is a promising start. 14.Americans no longer expect public figuresto command the English language with skill and gift. 15.On the day after we send our messages, we see a sharp increase in our traffic. 正文部分 ?above / beyond: 介词，后面接抽象而不是具体名词时表示“无法做到”，例如：“ above comprehension ”的意思是“无法理解”。 ?in the absence of something: “缺少，没有”，用于替代“ in short of ”或者“ be lacking in ”。
考研英语高频词汇
考研英语高频词汇 不正常的荒谬的 丰富的敏锐的，锋利的，急性的 精确的，准确的足够的，恰当的，合适的 （）毗连的，接近的不利的，相反的 空中的，航空的审美的，有审美能力的 宜人的，同意的侵略的好斗的，进取的 外国的，不同性质的模棱两可的模糊的 有雄心的有抱负的充足的，足够的，广大的 分析的匿名的 适用的，合适的不安的，担心的 合适的，恰当的敏捷的；适当的；倾向，易于 傲慢的，自大的可靠的可信的 有权威的，可信的自治的，自主的 一般的普通的令人畏惧的 意识到的，知道的尴尬的 秃头的，不毛的，单调的贫瘠的不毛的 古怪的，奇异的阴冷的，寒冷的；荒凉的；暗淡的不尖的，钝的；直率的，直言的植物学的 一定的活跃的，活泼的 野蛮的，残忍的主要的，最基本的
无忧无虑的随意的，随便的 广泛的，普遍的谨慎的，小心的 慢性的认知的 一致的，连贯的；清晰，易懂的紧凑的小巧的 商业的，表示同情的 有能力的竞争性的，具有竞争力的 紧凑的，小巧的，简洁的互补的 强迫的，强制的，义务的简洁的，简明的 确定的，决定性的机紧的，秘密的 负责的，尽责的意识到的，知道的 连续不断的，接连而来的随后发生的，由引起的 保守的，传统的和…一致 显而易见的，引人注目的组成的，构成的 传统的有礼貌的 热情的，诚恳的法人的，公司的，全体的，舒适的脆的，有霜气的；干脆的 关键的累积的 当前的 体面的，像样的，还不错的欺骗的,骗人的 最后的，明确的精细的，微妙的，精心处理的民主的理想的，想要的
恶化的，变坏的命中注定的 毁灭的超然的， 有害的数字的 分裂的，不和的灾难性的 不连续的，分立的神圣的，神的 占优势的，有支配力的戏剧性的，夸张性的 激烈的，猛烈的可怕的 怀疑的，可疑的 怪癖的，古怪的，离心的经济的 可食的，无毒的有效果的 有效率的优雅的，优美的，精致的 合格的有口才的，善辩的 令人尴尬的精力充沛的 相等的错误的 必要的，基本的审美的 永恒的，无休止的可以避免的 过分的，过度的独有的，排他的 外来的，奇特的清楚的 优美的，精致的；灵敏的，敏锐的灭绝的，绝种的 广泛的浪费的，奢侈的，过分，过度的神话中有名的，难以相信的奇怪的，不真实的
2009考研英语阅读理解精读100篇(2)
TEXT 2 He emerged, all of a sudden, in 1957: the most explosive new poetic talent of the English post-war era. Poetry specialised, at that moment, in the wry chronicling of the everyday. The poetry of Yorkshire-born Ted Hughes, first published in a book called “The Hawk in the Rain” when he was 27, was unlike anything written by his immediate predecessors. Driven by an almost Jacobean rhetoric, it had a visionary fervour. Its most eye-catching characteristic was Hughes's ability to get beneath the skins of animals: foxes, otters, pigs. These animals were the real thing all right, but they were also armorial devices—symbols of the countryside and lifeblood of the earth in which they were rooted. It gave his work a raw, primal stink. It was not only England that thought so either. Hughes's book was also published in America, where it won the Galbraith prize, a major literary award. But then, in 1963, Sylvia Plath, a young American poet whom he had first met at Cambridge University in 1956, and who became his wife in the summer of that year, committed suicide. Hughes was vilified for long after that, especially by feminists in America. In 1998, the year he died, Hughes broke his own self-imposed public silence about their relationship in a book of loose-weave poe ms called “Birthday Letters”.In this new and exhilarating collection of real letters, Hughes returns to the issue of his first wife's death, which he calls his “big and unmanageable event”. He felt his talent muffled by the perpetual eavesdropping upon his every move. Not until he decided to publish his own account of their relationship did the burden begin to lighten. The analysis is raw, pained and ruthlessly self-aware. For all the moral torment, the writing itself has the same rush and vigour that possessed Hughes's early poetry.
考研英语阅读超精读法
超精读——全面提升英语阅读能力 作者：丁晓钟来源：点点英语 经常有同学问我：有没有什么捷径能够顺利地通过四六级、考研或者其它英语考试? 我的回答总是：没有。但是，帮助同学们找到一套科学的学习方法，不仅可以提高英语能力，而且对考试也有切实的帮助，是我一直所追求的。在国内这样的非母语学习环境里，如何在英语学习上少走弯路，最为行之有效和直接的提高英语水平的办法就是大量阅读，并作精细阅读，这样才能带动“听说写译”等其它能力的突破。结合我个人的学习体会，并经过长时间的思考和教学中的摸索，我总结出了一套以阅读为突破口，提高英语综合能力和突破四六级和考研等等英语考试的“超精读”方法，希望能对同学们有所帮助。 对大部分中国学生来说，欠缺的不是泛读，而是精读。总的来说，同学们在超精读文章的时候要对文章和考点、干扰项等进行详细的分析、总结。这时要仔细体会文章中精彩的语言，注意词语的内涵、使用、扩展和搭配，代词和名词的指代，对精彩句型的模仿，以及对重要语法现象、长句、难句、文章结构的分析。另外，还要注意分析句子和句子之间的关系，是因果、递近、转折还是什么？尤其要注意文章的第一句和最后一句，以及每段的第一句和最后一句与其它句子的关系，体会每句话在文章中的作用。在阅读过程中，要培养自己对文章主要讨论对象、关键词，作者和专家的观点，以及语气的把握。特别注意作者和专家的观点，专家和专家之间的观点是否相同或相反或互补，以及作者和专家的语气是赞成还是反对，是关注还是乐观等等。如果是真题，还要仔细分析考点和正确、干扰选项的规律、特征。在此过程中，可把文章尽可能的多读几遍，甚至翻译一下，提高对文章中单词、短语、句型等的反应速度，阅读速度自然也就提高了。 如果能做到上面几点，那么你才能说真正地理解了文章，阅读理解能力以及综合英语能力都会得到很大的提高，其结果是对考试中的每个题型的把握都会更上一层楼。先从听力说起，据研究，一个人的阅读理解能力和听力水平是成正比关系的。试想，有的同学连听力原文都看不懂，怎么可能听懂呢。另外，在超精读的过程中，所积累的词汇能力，对词汇题也有很大帮助，我曾做过统计，如果对10套左右的四六级、考研阅读真题中的词汇进行过深入学习，大纲中的重点词汇就已经囊括大半。最好的词汇记忆方法是通过阅读来学习，可以记得又牢又准确。对翻译、完形、改错、简短回答问题等小题型，你就会觉得得心应手，因为你对这些题型的解题能力和你的阅读、词汇能力最相关。关于作文，许多同学喜欢背模版，其实模版作文千篇一律，很难拿到高分。如果在读英语报刊和真题的过程中，我们有意识地摘抄积累一些精彩地道的词汇和句型，考试时信手拈来，无疑会使评卷老师眼睛为之一亮。实际上，我们所阅读的英语文章就是一篇篇精彩的作文范文。如果我们能在早晨、傍晚朗读或背诵英语报刊文章或真题阅读文章，经常进行翻译练习，耳濡目染接触到的都是地道的英语，坚持下去，我们的听说读写译能力很自然地就会得到提高。 第一步：准备好阅读材料，训练阅读速度，捕捉文章大意。不要查字典、看译文。 在阅读英语报刊（推荐阅读Time, Newsweek, the Economist等）或者真题的时候，第一遍都必须首先注意提高阅读速度。对报刊上的文章，第一遍读的时候不要查字典，记下起止时间，计算单位时间的阅读量。对真题，更加要控制在规定的时间内完成，阅读时就要随时对可能的考点作出标记，最后结合解题技巧来解题。这时的重点放在训练速度，掌握文章大意、结构，以及作者和专家等的观点。 第二步：总结文章中词汇使用的准确性、形象性、多样性和感情色彩及语气，复合词的使用，总结各类重要搭配，对各类重要词汇进行扩展，正确识别代词与抽象名词的指代，并记忆和运用可以在作文中使用的词汇。 1.从文章中词汇使用的准确性、形象性、多样性和感情色彩及语气角度，复合词的使用进行总结。
考研英语真题高频词汇汇总
. 考研英语真题高频词汇汇总（精编） 频率为26次的单词 growth n. 增加，增长(量)；生长，发展 technology n. 工艺，技术 theory n. 理论，原理；学说；看法，见解 频率为25次的单词 economy n. 经济(制度)，经济情况；节约，省俭 频率为23次的单词 behavio(u)r n. 行为，举止；运转情况 频率为21次的单词 account n. 账(目)，账户；叙述，说明vi. 说明(原因等)；(数量、比例方面)占 economic a. 经济(学)的，经济上的 频率为20次的单词 individual a. 单独的，个人的 频率为19次的单词 product n. 产品，产物；乘积 rate n. (比)率；速度，进度；价格，费用 频率为18次的单词 create vt. 创造，创建，创作；引起，产生 频率为17次的单词 decline vi.／n.下降，减少，衰退；婉拒 hard a．硬的，坚固的；烈性的；困难的ad．努力地；猛烈地：困难地 频率为16次的单词 ability n. 能力，本领；才能，才智 频率为15次的单词 professional a．专业的；高水准的 spot n. 斑点，污点；地点；一点儿vt．认出，发现；玷污tend vi．倾向，趋向于vt.照管，护理 view n. 眼界；风景；(常用pl．)看法vt．看待；观察 频率为14次的单词 advocate vt/n. 鼓吹(者)，拥护(者) amount n. 数量vi．合计；等同 community n. 团体，社会；界，族；社区;群落 concern vt. 关联；关心n. 企业；焦虑；关心 environment n．环境，周围状况 factor n. 因素，要素 intelligence n. 智力，智慧；情报 likely a. 可能的，有希望的ad．可能 return v./n. 回来；归还，送还；回答 social a. 社会的；交际的 频率为13次的单词 consequence n. 结果，后果；重要(性)，重大 drug n. 药物；（pl.）麻醉品，毒品 expert n. 专家，能手a.熟练的，内行的extend vi. 延续；达到vt. 提供，发出 industrial a. 工业的，产业的 moral a. 道德(上)的n. 寓意，教育意义 频率为12次的单词 action n. 行为；活动；作用 adult n. 成(年)人a.成年人的，已成熟的 ambition n. 雄心；野心 competition n. 竞争，比赛 capacity n. 容量，容积；能力，才能 detail n. 细节，详情vt.详述，细说 evidence n. 根据，证据；迹象，形迹 evolution n. 进化，演化，渐进 fund n. 基金，专款；现款vt．为…提供资金 inflation n. 通货膨胀；(充气使)膨胀 local a. 当地的．地方的；局部的 maintain vt. 维持；维修，保养；主张 management n. 经营；管理(部门)；管理人员 productivity n. 生产力，生产率 survive vt. 幸免于；比…活得长vi.幸存 universe n. 宇宙，世界；范围，领域 频率为11次的单词 learn vt. 学会；得知 vi. 学习；了解 频率为10次的单词 advertising n. 广告宣传；广告业，广告事务 affect v. 影响；感动 benefit n. 益处v. 有益，得益 debate v./n. 辩论，争论 directly ad．直接地；立即 element n. 要素；元素；基础；自然环境 essential a. 必不可少的；本质的n.(常pl.)要素，要点；必需品 identify vt. 把…等同于；认出，鉴定vi．认同 intend vt. 想要．打算，企图 investment n. 投资(额) reasonable a. 合理的；通情达理的；公道的；尚好的responsibility n. 责任(心)；职责，义务 opportunity n. 时机，机会 personality n. 人格，个性；人物 private a. 私人的；秘密的 频率为9次的单词 alter vt. 改变，变更 appropriate a. 适当的vt.私占；拨款用 boom n. 叫喊声；繁荣vi.隆隆作响；迅速增长 combine v. 联合，化合n.联合企业 corporation n. 公司，团体 enterprise n. 进取心，事业心；(企)事业单位
2015考研英语阅读理解精读P18—工学类
2015考研英语阅读理解精读P18—工学 类 Passage 18 Tennis hopeful Jamie Hunt, 16, felt he could not become a world-class junior player while attending a regular school. The international circuit has players on the road 50% of the time--and it's hard to focus on your backhand when you're worrying about being on time for homeroom. So last year Hunt, who hones his ground strokes at Elite TNT Tennis Academy in April Sound, Texas, enrolled for academics in the $9,750-a-year University of Miami Online High School (UMOHS), a virtual school that caters to athletes. "The online school gives me the flexibility I need," says Hunt. "The workload is the same, but I can do it anywhere. It's nicer to ask a question face-to-face with a teacher, but in some ways it prepares me better for college because I have to be more independent." A year ago, Hunt's world junior ranking was 886; now it's 108. Virtual high schools, which allow students to take classes via PC, have emerged as an increasingly popular education alternative, particularly for on-the-go athletes. UMOHS has more than 400 students enrolled, 65% of whom are athletes. Accredited by the 100-year-old Southern Association of Colleges and Schools, UMOHS offers honors and advanced-placement classes. All course material is online, along with assignments and due dates. For help, says principal Howard Liebman, "a student may e-mail, instant message or call the teacher." Dallas mom Lori Bannon turned to another online school, Laurel Springs in Ojai, Calif. Bannon, who has a medical degree from Harvard, didn't want to compromise the education of her daughter Lindsay, 13, an élite gymnast who spends eight hours a day in the gym. "Regular school was not an option," says Bannon, "but I wanted to make sure she could go back at grade level if she quit gymnastics." Laurel Springs' enrollment has increased 35% a year for the past four years, to 1,800 students. At least 25% are either athletes or child entertainers. Educators are split on the merits of such schools. Paul Orehovec, an enrollment officer for the University of Miami, admits, "I was somewhat of a skeptic. But when I looked into their programs and accreditation, I was excited. UMOHS is the first online school to be granted membership in the National Honor Society." Kevin Roy, Elite's director of education, sees pitfalls and potential in virtual schools. "You will never have that wonderful teacher who inspires you for life," says Roy. "But the virtual school offers endless possibilities. I don't know where education's imagination will take this." 注(1)：本文选自Time;11/29/2004, p149-149, 1/2p, 1c; 注(2)：本文习题命题模仿对象2004年真题text 4第1、2题(1、2)，text 1 第2 题(3)，text 3第5 题(5)和2000年真题text 4第4题(4); 1. What does Jamie Hunt get from the virtual school? [A] the ability to perfect his tennis skills [B] the time to do his school work