2015届湖南省长沙市长郡中学等十三校高三第二次联考理科综合试题
2015年高三第二次全国大联考(新课标II版)理综卷(含标准答题卡)
绝密★启用前2015年第二次全国大联考【新课标Ⅱ卷】理科综合能力测试考试范围：高考全部内容；考试时间：150分钟注意事项：1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。
满分300分，考试时间150分钟。
2．答题前考生务必用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息3．考试作答时，请将答案正确填写在答题卡上。
第一卷每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；第Ⅱ卷请用直径0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．。
4．以下数据可供解题时参考：有关元素的相对原子质量是： H ：1 ；C ：12；O ：16；Ba ：137；S ：16；Cl ：35.5；Fe ：56 Cu ：64； Ni 59第I 卷一、选择题（本题包括13小题，每小题6分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项符合题目要求）1．下列细胞中内质网和高尔基体相对较多的是（ ）A ．蓝藻B ．洋葱鳞片叶外表皮细胞C ．浆细胞D ．记忆B 细胞2．将叶面积相等的甲、乙两种植物的叶片分别放置在相同体积、温度适宜且恒定的密闭小室中，给予充足的光照，下列有关说法正确的是（ ） A ．甲、乙两叶片的光合作用强度一定相同B ．甲、乙两叶片的光合作用强度在一段时间后都将逐渐下降C ．若实验一段时间后，甲叶片所在小室中的CO 2浓度较乙低，则甲叶片的呼吸强度一定比乙低D ．若实验一段时间后，甲叶片所在小室中的CO 2浓度较乙低，则甲固定CO 2的能力较乙低 3．某实验小组将多株高粱的成熟花粉分别授给多株玉米成熟的雌蕊,结果一粒种子也没有产生。
与此有关的说法正确的是（ ）A ．上述实验结果可以说明高粱和玉米之间存在生殖隔离B ．此实验每一株高粱与玉米的杂交组合与其他杂交组合形成对照实验C ．此实验说明玉米卵细胞膜上的糖蛋白与高粱精子细胞膜上的糖蛋白有区别D ．此实验还需要多次重复,才能排除偶然性因素对实验结果的影响A ．基因1和基因2一般不会出现在人体内的同一个细胞中B ．图中①过程需RNA 聚合酶的催化,②过程需tRNA 的协助C ．④⑤过程的结果存在差异的根本原因是血红蛋白的结构不同D ．①②③过程表明基因通过控制酶的合成来控制生物体的所有性状 5．下列有关实验方法或检测试剂的叙述，正确的是（ ）A ．观察DNA 和RNA 在细胞中的分布时可选用洋葱鳞片叶的外表皮或选用人口腔上皮细胞B ．在用淀粉酶、淀粉为原料来探究酶的最适pH 的实验中，可用碘液来检测实验结果C ．用微电流计测量膜电位时，要将微电流计的两极置于膜外或膜内D ．在证明T 2噬菌体的遗传物质是DNA 而不是蛋白质的实验中，不可同时用32P 和35S 标记其DNA 和蛋白质外壳6．旅鼠是北欧寒带鼠类，繁殖力强。
2015年高考真题理综(Ⅱ卷)精校版含答案
绝密★启封并使用完毕前2015 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试理科综合能力测试本试卷分第I 卷（选择题）和第II 卷（非选择题）两部分，共40 题，共300 分，共16 页。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
注意事项：1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。
3.下列过程中不属于胞吐作用的是A.浆细胞分泌抗体到细胞外的作用B.mRNA 从细胞核到细胞质的过程C.分泌蛋白从胰腺的腺泡细胞到胞外的过程D.突触小泡中的神经递质释放到突触间隙的过程2.选择题必须使用2Ｂ铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0.5 毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔记清楚。
3.请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
4.作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。
5.保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
可能用到的相对原子质量：H 1 C 12 N 14 O 16 F 19 Na 23 Al 27 P 31 S 32 Cl 35.5 Ca 40 Fe 56 Zn 65 Br 80第 I 卷一、选择题：本题共13 小题，每小题6 分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的1、将三组生理状态相同的某种植物幼根分别培养在含有相同培养液的密闭培养瓶中，一段时间后，测定根吸收某一矿质元素离子的量。
培养条件及实验结果见下表：下列分析正确的是A.有氧条件有利于该植物幼根对该离子的吸收B.该植物幼根对该离子的吸收与温度的变化无关C.氮气环境中该植物幼根细胞吸收该离子不消耗 ATPD.与空气相比，氮气环境有利于该植物幼根对该离子的吸收2、端粒酶由RNA 和蛋白质组成，该酶能结合到端粒上，以自身的RNA 为模板合成端粒子DNA 的一条链。
下列叙述正确的是A.大肠杆菌拟核的 DNA 中含有端粒B.端粒酶中的蛋白质为 RNA 聚合酶C.正常人细胞的每条染色体两端都含有端粒 DNAD.正常体细胞的端粒 DNA 随细胞分裂次数增加而变长4.下列有关生态系统的叙述，错．误．的是A.生态系统的组成成分中含有非生物成分B.生态系统相对稳定时无能量输入和散失 C.生态系统维持相对稳定离不开信息传递 D.负反馈调节有利于生态系统保持相对稳定5.下列与病原体有关的叙述，正确的是A.抗体可以进入细胞消灭寄生在其中的结核杆菌B.抗体抵抗病毒的机制与溶菌酶杀灭细菌的机制相同C.Rous 肉瘤病毒不是致瘤因子，与人的细胞癌变无关D.人感染 HIV 后的症状与体内该病毒浓度和 T 细胞数量有关6.下列关于人类猫叫综合征的叙述，正确的是A.该病是由于特定的染色体片段缺失造成的B.该病是由于特定染色体的数目增加造成的C.该病是由于染色体组数目成倍增加造成的D.该病是由于染色体中增加某一片段引起的7.食品干燥剂应无毒、无味、无腐蚀性及环境友好。
湖南省十三校2015届高三第二次联考英语试题(含详细答案)
湖南省十三校2015届高三第二次联考英语试题总分：150分时量：120分钟Part I Listening Comprehension (30 marks)Section A (22. 5 marks)Directions: In this section., you will hear six conversation,s between, two speakers. For each con,versation , there are several questions and each question is followed by three choices marked A, B and C. Listen carefully and then choose the best answer for each question .You will hear each con,versation TWICE.Example :When will the magazine probably arrive?A. Wednesday.B. Thursday.C. Friday.The answer is B.Conversation, 11. What is beside the computer center?A. The sports center.B. The library.C. The classroom building.2. Where will the speakers go next?A. To the sports center.B. To the library.C. To the computer center.Conversation, 23. What does the man think of the movie?A. Amazing.B. Disappointing.C. Moving.4. What made the woman confused about the movie?A. The plot.B. The special effects.C. The scenery.Conversation, 35. What prevented the woman's car from starting?A. The faulty engine.B. The lack of petrol.C. The dead battery.6. What will the woman o?A. Get some petrol.B. Buy a new car.C. Return her battery.Conversation, 47. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. Sending Steven to school.B. Working on night shift.C. Looking after Steven.8. Who should plan Steven's future in the woman's opinion?A. The father.B. Steven himself.C. The mother.9. What can we learn from the conversation?A. The couple has much spare time.B. The couple has to work.C. The husband will be free in the daytime.Conversation, 510. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?A. Customer and waiter.B. Boss and employee.C. Interviewer and interviewee.11. Why does the woman want to leave her present company?A. The company isn't doing well.B. She hasn't had a promotion.C. She can't display her abilities there.12. When can the woman start her new job?A. At once.B. In about a month.C. In about a week.Conversation, 613. Why has the woman gone to Prague?A. To go sightseeing.B. To see a friend.C. To attend a conference.14. How long does it take from the hotel to the conference center by bus?A. 6 minutes.B. 5 minutes.C. 15 minutes.15. What can we learn from the conversation?A. The subway fare depends on the distance.B. It is easy to get lost at the subway station.C. There isn't a subway station near the conference center.Section B (7.5 marks)Directions : In this section , you will hear a short passage . Listen carefully and then fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard . Fill in each blank withNO MORE THAN THREE WORDS.You will hear the short passage TWICE.Part II Language Knowledge (45 marks)Section A (15 marks)Directions: For each of the following unfinished sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C an,d D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence .21. A journal is not necessarily a reliable record of facts, for the writer's impressionscolour the telling of events.A. shallB. mightC. shouldD. must22. There are eight tips in Dr. Roger's lecture on sleep, and one of them is:to bed early unless you think it is necessary.A. doesn't goB. not to goC. don't goD. not going23. -Hi, Lucy! What's the schedule for tomorrow?-Let me check. You an appointment with Thomas at three o'clock.A. were havingB. haveC. hadD. have had24. It is not your grades but the attitude to your course matters.A. thatB. oneC. whatD. it25. As many as 20 dishes are provided in the dining hall today, and you are free tochoose suits you best.A. whateverB. wheneverC. whicheverD. wherever26. Many of the only children are so accustomed to that they react violentlywhen they hear something different.A. having praisedB. praisedC. praisingD. being praised27. Tom may win the competition, he is likely to get into the national team.A. in that caseB. in which caseC. in what caseD. in whose case28. Arriving at the party hurriedly, we were disappointed to find that the bandplaying.A. stoppedB. will stopC. had stoppedD. has stopped29. Every morning Jack's wife will stand before the mirror, herself beforeleaving home.A. admiredB. being admiredC. to admireD. admiring30. -Do I have to bring my camera tomorrow afternoon?-I think so. We the Botanical Garden then.A. are visitingB. will be visitingC. have visitedD. visit31. Tired of her endless complaints, I walked out of the room she could openher mouth.A. beforeB. untilC. whenD. once32. The boy, with his school work every day, felt rather tired and uncomfortable.A. occupiedB. occupyingC. to occupyD. being occupied33. The captain as well as his team interviewed shortly after they won thegold medal.A. areB. wasC. isD. were34. The world today different without the amazing discoveries produced bygreat scientists.A. wereB. had beenC. would have beenD. would be35. -Where can we get Mo Yan's new novel?-I'm sorry, it and will come out next week.A. has been printedB. will be printedC. is being printedD. is printedSection B (18 marks)Directions : For each blank in, the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits thecontext .I lost my sight when I was four years old when falling off a train to Atlantic City.But I was 36 . My parents and my teachers saw something in me -a potential tolive, you might call it -which I didn't see, and they encouraged me to _ 37blindness.The hardest lesson I had to 38 was to believe in myself. If I hadn't been ableto do that, I would have walked with a stick for the rest of my life. When I say beliefin myself I am not 39_ talking about the kind of self-confidence that helps me downan 40 staircase alone. That is part of it. But I mean something bigger than that. Although imperfect in some aspect, I am a real, positive person. There is a specialplace where I can make myself fit.It took me years to discover and 41 this self-confidence. It had to start withthe most basic things. Once a man gave me an indoor baseball. I thought he wasmaking fun of me and I was 42 ."I can't use this," I responded."Take it with you," he urged me, "and roll it around. "The words stuck in my head. "Roll it around! " By rolling the ball I could 43 where it went. This gave me an 44 how to achieve a goal I had thought impossible: playing baseball. At Philadelphia's Overbrook School for the Blind I invented a newkind of baseball. We called it ground ball.All my life I have set ahead of me a series of goals and then tried t0 45 themone by one. I also knew my limitations. It was no good trying something that I knew atthe start was wildly out of reach because that only 46 the bitterness of failure. Iwould fail sometimes anyway but on the average I made 47 .36. A. unfortunate B. disappointed C. lucky D. ashamed37. A. share with B. play with C. toy with D. fight with38. A. meet B. learn C. avoid D. prepare39. A. simply B. slightly C. frequently D. directly40. A. unusual B. unfair C. unfamiliar D. uncomfortable。
2015年全国高考理综试题及答案-湖南卷
2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标I卷）理科综合能力侧试一、选择题：本题共13小题，每小题6分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1.下列叙述错误．．的是A.DNA与ATP中所含元素的种类相同B.一个tRNA分子中只有一个反密码子C.T2噬菌体的核酸由脱氧核糖核苷酸组成D.控制细菌性状的基因位于拟核和线粒体中的DNA上2. 下列关于植物生长素的叙述,错误．．的是A.植物幼嫩叶片中的色氨酸可转变为生长素B.成熟茎韧皮部中的生长素可以进行非极性运输C.幼嫩细胞和成熟细胞对生长素的敏感程度相同D.豌豆幼苗切段中乙烯的合成受生长素浓度的影响3. 某同学给健康实验兔静脉滴注0.9%的NaCl溶液(生理盐水)20mL后，会出现的现象是A.输入的溶液会从血浆进入组织液B.细胞内液和细胞外液分别增加10mLC.细胞内液Na+的增加远大于细胞外液Na+的增加D.输入的Na+中50%进入细胞内液,50%分布在细胞外液4. 下列关于初生演替中草本阶段和灌木阶段的叙述，正确的是A.草本阶段与灌木阶段群落的丰富度相同B.草本阶段比灌木阶段的群落空间结构复杂C.草本阶段比灌木阶段的群落自我调节能力强D.草本阶段为灌木阶段的群落形成创造了适宜环境5. 人或动物PrP基因编码一种蛋白(PrP c),该蛋白无致病性。
PrP c的空间结构改变后成为PrP Bc(朊粒)，就具有了致病性。
PrP Bc可以诱导更多PrP c的转变为PrP Bc，实现朊粒的增——可以引起疯牛病.据此判——下列叙述正确的是A.朊粒侵入机体后可整合到宿主的基因组中B.朊粒的增殖方式与肺炎双球菌的增殖方式相同C.蛋白质空间结构的改变可以使其功能发生变化D. PrP c转变为PrP Bc的过程属于遗传信息的翻译过程6. 抗维生素D佝偻病为X染色体显性遗传病，短指为常染色体显性遗传病，红绿色盲为X染色体隐性遗传病，白化病为常染色体隐性遗传病。
2015年湖南省高考理科综合试题与答案
2015年湖南省高考理科综合试题与答案本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分，共40题，共300分。
注意事项：1.答题前，现将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。
2.选择题必须使用2Ｂ铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔记清楚。
3.请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无线；再猜告知、试题卷上答题无效。
4.作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。
5.保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
可能用到的相对原子质量：H 1 C 12 N 14 O 16 CL 35.5 K 39 Fe 56 Cu 64 Cr 52 Br80 Ag 108 I 127第I卷一.选择题：本题共13小题，每小题6分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的1. 下列叙述错误．．的是A.DNA与ATP中所含元素的种类相同B.一个tRNA分子中只有一个反密码子C.T2噬菌体的核酸由脱氧核糖核苷酸组成D.控制细菌性状的基因位于拟核和线粒体中的DNA上2. 下列关于植物生长素的叙述,错误．．的是A.植物幼嫩叶片中的色氨酸可转变为生长素B.成熟茎韧皮部中的生长素可以进行非极性运输C.幼嫩细胞和成熟细胞对生长素的敏感程度相同D.豌豆幼苗切段中乙烯的合成受生长素浓度的影响3. 某同学给健康实验兔静脉滴注0.9%的NaCl溶液(生理盐水)20mL后，会出现的现象是A.输入的溶液会从血浆进入组织液B.细胞内液和细胞外液分别增加10mLC.细胞内液Na+的增加远大于细胞外液Na+的增加D.输入的Na+中50%进入细胞内液,50%分布在细胞外液4. 下列关于初生演替中草本阶段和灌木阶段的叙述，正确的是A.草本阶段与灌木阶段群落的丰富度相同B.草本阶段比灌木阶段的群落空间结构复杂C.草本阶段比灌木阶段的群落自我调节能力强D.草本阶段为灌木阶段的群落形成创造了适宜环境5. 人或动物PrP基因编码一种蛋白(PrP c),该蛋白无致病性。
高三英语月考试题及答案-长沙市长郡中学等十三校2015届高三第二次联考
湖南省长沙市长郡中学等十三校2015届高三第二次联考英语试题总分：150分时量：120分钟【试卷综评】本试卷以新课标为指导，从学什么，考什么的原则出发，遵循“题在书中”，既重基础又注重综合能力的提高。
围绕书本内容设计基础能力题，特别是单项选择和完形填空部分，旨在考查教师平时在该部分教学执行情况。
阅读理解选材具有时代性，紧密联系生活实际，选项设计灵活合理，注重考查学生的阅读理解能力。
书面表达联系实际以寓言为题表达学生自己的观点，考查学生的英语实际运用能力。
总之，本次期末试卷难度适中，是一份质量较高的试卷。
得分：Part I Listening Comprehension（30 marks）Section A（22.5 marks）Directions : In this section, you will hear six conversations between two speakers. For each conversation, there are several questions and each question if followed by three choices marked A, B and C. listen carefully and then choose the best answer for each question.You will hear each conversation TWICE.When will the magazine probably arrive? A．Wednesday．B．Thursday．C．Friday.The answer is B．Conversation．11．What is beside the computer center?A．The sports center．B．The library．C．The classroom building．2．Where will the speakers go next?A．To the sports center．B．To the library．C．To the computer center．Conversation, 23．What does the man think of the movie?A．Amazing．B．Disappointing．C．Moving．4．What made the woman confused about the movie?A．The plot．B．The special effects．C．The scenery．Conversation, 35．What prevented the woman's car from starting?A．The faulty engine．B．The lack of petrol．C．The dead battery．6．What will the woman do?A．Get some petrol．B．Buy a new car．C．Return her battery．Conversation, 47．What are the speakers mainly talking about?A．Sending Steven to school．B．Working on night shift．C．Looking after Steven．8．Who should plan Steven's future in the woman's opinion?A．The father．B．Steven himself．C．The mother．9．What can we learn from the conversation?A．The couple has much spare time．B．The couple has to work．C．The husband will be free in the daytime．Conversation, 510．What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?A．Customer and waiter．B．Boss and employee．C．Interviewer and interviewee．11．Why does the woman want to leave her present company?A．The company isn't doing well．B．She hasn't had a promotion．C．She can't display her abilities there．12．When can the woman start her new job?A．At once．B．In about a month．C．In about a week．Conversation, 613．Why has the woman gone to Prague?A．To go sightseeing．B．To see a friend．C．To attend a conference．14．How long does it take from the hotel to the conference center by bus?A．6 minutes．B．5 minutes．C．15 minutes．15．What can we learn from the conversation?A．The subway fare depends on the distance．B．It is easy to get lost at the subway station．C．There isn't a subway station near the conference center．Section B（7．5 marks）Part II Language Knowledge （45 marks）Section A（15 marks）Directions : For each of the following unfinished sentences there are Jour choices marked A, B, C and D．Choose．the one that best completes the sentence．【题文】21．A journal is not necessarily a reliable record of facts, for the writer's impressionscolor the telling of events．A．shall B．might C．should D．must【题文】22．There are eight tips in Dr．Roger's lecture on sleep, and one of them is: to bed early unless you think it is necessary．A．doesn't go B．not to go C．don't go D．not going【题文】23．-Hi, Lucy! What's the schedule for tomorrow?-Let me check．You an appointment with Thomas at three o'clock．A．were having B．have C．had D．have had【题文】24．It is not your grades but the attitude to your course matters.A．that B．one C．what D．it【题文】25．As many as 20 dishes are provided in the dining hall today, choose _ suits you best．A．whatever B．whenever C．whichever D．wherever【题文】26．Many of the only children are so accustomed to _ that they react violently when they hear something different．A．having praised B．praised C．praising D．being praised【题文】27．Tom may win the competition, he is likely to get into the national team．A．in that case B．in which case C．in what case D．in whose case【题文】28．Arriving at the party hurriedly, we were disappointed to find that the band playing.A．stopped B．will stop C．had stopped D．has stopped【题文】29．Every morning Jack's wife will stand before the mirror, herself before leaving home．A．admired B．being admired C．to admire D．admiring;【题文】30．-Do I have to bring my camera tomorrow afternoon?-I think so．We the Botanical Garden then.A．are visiting B．will be visiting C．have visited D．visit【题文】31．Tired of her endless complaints, I walked out of the room she could open her mouth．A．before B．until C．when D．once【题文】32．The boy, with his school work every day, felt rather tired and uncomfortable．A．occupied B．occupying C．to occupy D．being occupied【题文】33．The captain as well as his team interviewed shortly after they won the gold medal．A．are B．was C．is D．were【题文】34．The world today _ different without the amazing discoveries produced by great scientists．A．were B．had been C．would have been D．would be【题文】35．-Where can we get Mo Yan's new novel?-I'm sorry, it and will come out next week．A．has been printed B．will be printedC．is being printed D．is printedSection B (18 marks)Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.【题文】I lost my sight when I was four years old when falling off a train to Atlantic City．But I was 36 ．My parents and my teachers saw something in me -a potential to live, you might call it -which I didn't see, and they encouraged me to blindness．37 The hardest lesson I had to _ 38 was to believe in myself．If I hadn't been able to do that, I would have walked with a stick for the rest of my life．When I say belief in myself I am not 39 talking about the kind of self-confidence that helps me down an 40 staircase alone．That is part Although imperfect in some aspect, I place where I can make myself fit．of it．But I mean something bigger than that．am a real! positive person．There is a special It took me years to discover and _ 41 this self-confidence．It had to start with the most basic things．Once a man gave me an indoor baseball．I thought he was making fun of me and I was 42 ．“I can't use this," I responded．“Take it with you," he urged me, and roll it around．" The words stuck in my head．“Roll it around!" By rolling the ball I could _43 where it went．This gave me an 44 how to achieve a goal I playing baseball．At Philadelphia's Overbrook School for the kind of baseball．We called it ground ball．All my life I have set ahead of me a series of goals and then tried to 45 one by one．I also knew my limitations．It was no good trying something that I knew at the start was wildly out ofreach because that only 46 the bitterness of failure．I would fail sometimes anyway but on the average I made 47 ．36．A．unfortunate B．disappointed C．lucky D．ashamed 37．A．share with B．play with C．toy with D．fight with 38．A．meet B．learn C．avoid D．prepare 39．A．simply B．slightly C．frequently D．directly 40．A．unusual B．unfair C．unfamiliar D．uncomfortable 41．A．lengthen B．strengthen C．deepen D．widen42．A．hurt B．amused C．greeted D．praised43．A．find B．see C．smell D．hear44．A．event B．offer C．idea D．excuse 45．A．receive B．achieve C．classify D．follow 46．A．refused B．removed C．caused D．replaced 47．A．sense B．mistakes C．friends D．Progress【题文】Have you ever noticed this phenomenon? Sometimes Chinese English teachers are puzzled by such questions, ¨Could you please give me some advice 48 how to improve my reading comprehension?"Actually, many of the teachers can't give their students 49 effective way to deal with reading．Anyway, they often simply say, “Read and you will get more experience in reading comprehension．50 and practice more, " Frankly, these teachers' good suggestions are only helpful to arouse c镁次起）students' interest in reading _ 51 not helpful to deal with the questions in the examinations of reading comprehension．Personally, _ 52 think the skill for reading comprehension should be based on the knowledge of English writing．53 or principles, the science of reading the English passages are written under some rules and understanding may have a close relationship with writing．Reading comprehension can't be independent 54 the knowledge of writing．So to do better in reading comprehension 55 ever, knowledge of writing, study how questions are designed and the questions and the reading materials．【题文】AOver the last 30 years, Bangkok, once a small fishing village, has transformed into a rich, concrete, high-rise city that it is today．The spreading metropolis and its population of 12 million now produces 35 per cent of Thailand's economic wealth．As a magnet for foreign companies, Bangkok attracts many overseas managers and business people from different fields, including tourism! automobiles and electronics．The city's population of foreigners is in the high hundreds of thousands, with tens of thousands of Japanese, Chinese and western employees working alongside hundreds of thousands of Burmese who mostly do unskilled jobs shunned by Thais．For those used to the good life, the variety and quality of the city's food is a key attraction, says one US manager, before listing many of his favorite Italian, Mexican and, of course, Thai restaurants．Most offer quality meals for less than the cost of a takeaway sandwich in London．Great choice and value can be found in Bangkok's other attractions, too．For overseas business people who enjoy shopping in luxury and air-conditioned comfort! The city has hundreds of modern shopping malls．Some foreigners, however, prefer the charms of Chanukah Market, where anything can be bought at a good price by the skilled bargainer．When the time comes to talk business many overseas business people prefer to move out of the markets and onto the golf course．Thailand has thousands of courses, which can provide a welcome break from the busy and noisy city life．But most business people go to the golf course because it's the perfect place to discuss the next big deal．Because of the fast-paced life some foreign business people see Bangkok as a place to stay for the short term! rather than a lifetime．Australian computer software designer Sarah Huang is seven months pregnant but still working full-time in her Bangkok office．She says the city is” definitely a place I want to stay for the next five, ten years"．Nannies and home help are affordable, but high fees for quality secondary education have convinced Ms．Huang to return to Australia when her child reaches high school age．56．According to the first two paragraphs, we know thatA．Bangkok offers many working opportunities for peopleB．Bangkok has always been a rich Thai cityC．most foreigners coming to Bangkok are touristsD．Burmese in Bangkok mostly work for Thais57．The underlined word” shunned" in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to A．forgotten B．unwantedC．appreciated D．rewarded58．What is the main attraction of golf for business people according to the passage?A．It is the most convenient way for them to get regular exercise．B．It is a good place in which to discuss business matters．C．It is a great way to escape from the noise and pollution of the city．D．It gives them the opportunity to meet local people in a social setting．59．Sarah Huang says she’ll eventually leave Bangkok because .A．she is going to have a babyB．her working hours are too longC．it's not easy to find suitable home help thereD．the cost of a good education there is too high60．The main purpose of the passage is to ．A．explain the reasons for Bangkok's rapid economic growth over the past 30 years B．promote the many attractions Bangkok has to offer tourists visiting the cityC．describe the attractions of living in Bangkok for foreign business peopleD．compare the lifestyles of Burmese workers and foreign business people in Bangkok 【题文】61．What can we infer from the conversation between the woman and the recorder at the beginning of the passage?A．The woman felt ashamed to admit what her job was．B．The recorder was impatient and rude．C．Motherhood was not recognized and respected as a job by society．D．The author was upset about the situation that mothers faced．62．How did the female clerk feel at first when the author told her occupation?A．Puzzled．B．Curious．C．Upset．D．Frightened．63．How did the author feel when describing her job to the clerk?A．Angry．B．Calm．C．Unconfident．D．Annoyed．64．Why did the woman clerk show more respect for the author?A．Because the author cared little about rewards．B．Because she admired the author's research work in the lab．C．Because the author did something she had little knowledge of．D．Because she thought the author did admirable work．65．What is the author's purpose of writing the passage?A．To show that motherhood is a worthy career and deserves respect．B．To show how you describe your job affects your feelings toward it．C．To show that the author had a grander job than Emily．D．To show that being a mother is hard and boring work．【题文】CTexting pedestrians arena' t just an annoyance to their fellow walkers, but something dangerous to themselves．“1 was checking emails while walking to work this morning," said Wilbert van den Hoorn．“But it has a serious influence on the safety of people who type or read text while walking．"Anecdotes back him up．A tourist from Taiwan walked off a port near Melbourne last month while checking Face book-bringing an abrupt, and icy end to a penguin- watching visit．Another shopper in the U．S．was too addicted to his mobile phone to notice the fountain ahead! walking straight into it．And as mobile-phone use has grown-to about 77% of the world's population, the study says-so has the number of phone-related accidents．The number of U．S．emergency-room visits linked to phone use on the move doubled to as many as l,500 between 2005 and 2010, an Ohio State University study recently showed．Authorities world-wide have taken note．Signs on Hong Kong's subway system advise passengers in three languages to keep their eyes off their phones．Police and transport authorities have also warned the danger in Singapore, where the Straits Times newspaper ranked it as No．2Bad Habit"' due to the rising number of road deaths．Some U．S．states, including New York and Arkansas, are even considering bans on this act．The Australian study used 26 volunteers, a third of whom admitted having hit objects while texting．They were fitted with different equipment in different parts of their body, and asked to walk 8．5 meters three times-once without a phone, once while reading a text and once while writing a text-while eight cameras captured the action．V olunteers using the phone walked slower and with shorter steps （and slowest of all when typing）, and! more seriously, they locked their arms and elbows in-like “robots", in the researchers' words．That forced their heads to move more, throwing them off balance．“In a pedestrian environment, inability to maintain a straight path would be likely to increase potential for hits, falls and traffic accidents," said Mr．van den Hoorn．“The best thing to do is to step aside and stop, or keep off the phone．"66．Which of the following about” Texting pedestrians" is WRONG?A．People who type while walking．B．People who phone while walking．C．People who text while walking．D．People who read text message while walking．67．The writer uses the two examples in Paragraph 3 to showA．the advantages of mobile phonesB．the use of mobile phones in waterC．the use of mobile phones in a wrong wayD．the popularity of mobile phones68．What is New York and Arkansas' attitude to texting pedestrians?A．Considering forbidding their acts．B．Ranking it as” No．l Bad Habit"．C．Setting up signs to warn them．D．Equipping them with advanced machines．69．Why are texting pedestrians likely to hit or fall according to the passage?A．They walk too fast．B．They lock their arms and elbows．C．They are out of balance．D．They walk with longer steps．70．What is the best title for the passage?A．Text message or e-mail only?B．Ways to avoid fallsC．Mobile phones for entertainmentD．Safety or text message?【题文】Unlike in our country, violence against women is very obvious in some western and African countries．The basic cause of it lies in discrimination! which claims women inequality with men in all aspects of life．Violence is both origin in discrimination and serves to worsen discrimination．Violence against women is a sign of historically unequal status of women compared to men, which has resulted into domination（拄制,主宰）and discrimination against women by men and to the prevention of the full development of women．Violence against women is one of the important social means by which women are restricted into a secondary position in comparison with men．As violence against women is spread worldwide, many women are targets because of their ethnic group, class, sex or disability status．Many women think that the psychological consequences of abuse are even more dangerous than its physical effects．The experience of abuse often shakes women's self- respect and puts them at great risk of a number of mental health problems, such as:Depression is becoming broadly recognized as a main health problem in the world．Women who are abused by their partners suffer more depression and anxiety than women who have not been abused! according to studies in Australia, Nicaragua, Pakistan, and the US．Post-traumatic stress disorder （PTSD）is a strong anxiety disorder that can happen when people go through or witness a very unpleasant event in which they feel disappointed and helplessor fear death or injury．The symptoms of PTSD contain mentally reliving the upsetting event by means of flashbacks（闵回,倒叙）; avoiding anything that would remind one of the events; experiencing discomfort in sleeping and concentrating; and being easily alarmed or frightened．The severe violence is also likely to lead to suicide．Some women kill themselves or try to do so．Researches from some countries, including Sweden! and the US, have showed that domestic violence is closely connected with suicide．Abused women who have PTSD symptoms prove to be most likely to try suicide．Abused women are more likely than other women to misuse alcohol and drugs．When a person' s everyday life functioning or life alternatives continue to be influenced ! a post-traumatic stress disorder may be the problem, requiring professionaltreatment．【题文】With the right encouragement and tools, children can develop leadership qualities that are important to help them succeed in all areas of life．Leadership activities and games help build these skills by enabling children to become more self-aware and improve their self-respect．Good leaders can convey their thoughts and feelings effectively．Poetry, short stories or drawing are ideal activities to introduce children to the concept of leadership．Ask children to think about what makes a great leader and then express their ideas．Games like blind obstacle courses can build communication skills as well．Planning and organizing is a fundamental leadership quality．Children can learn this skill byhelping to plan a concert or play．Instead of assigning just one leader, divide the group into several small ones and assign leaders to each group．One group can be in charge of assigning roles and the second could be in charge of making invitations．How you distribute leadership roles will vary depending on the age of thechildren and what you have chosen to perform．Compromise is a skill of many effective leaders．Goals are obtained faster when arguments don't slow the process．Activities that teach children the art of compromise help them to negotiate with friends and family naturally．Group science projects, for example, can help enable children to learn how to compromise and negotiate．The success or failure of the project will depend on the children's ability to negotiate andwork together．The ability to work well with others is another important leadership skill．Team sports like baseball can teach children how to work as a group and that their contribution is important to the overall success of the team．This builds their confidence and encourages them to think beyond themselves and their individual needs．81．What activities can be used to introduce children to the concept of leadership? （No more than 5 words）（2 marks）82．How can children learn an important leadership quality according to Paragraph 3? (No more than 8 words) (2 marks)83．What is the principle of distributing leadership roles when planning a play? （No more than 8 words）（3 marks）84．What's the main idea of Paragraph 4? （No more than 8 words）（3 marks）【题文】请从这则寓言中提炼出一个恰当的主题，写一篇不少于120词的读后感。
湖南省十三校2015届高三第二次考试(英语试题)
湖南省2015届高三十三校联考第二次联考英语试卷总分：150分时量：120分钟Part I Listening Comprehension (30 marks)Section A (22. 5 marks)Directions: In this section., you will hear six conversation,s between, two speakers. For each con,versation , there are several questions and each question is followed by three choices marked A, B and C. Listen carefully and then choose the best answer for each question .You will hear each con,versation TWICE.Example :When will the magazine probably arrive?A. Wednesday.B. Thursday.C. Friday.The answer is B.Conversation, 11. What is beside the computer center?A. The sports center.B. The library.C. The classroom building.2. Where will the speakers go next?A. To the sports center.B. To the library.C. To the computer center.Conversation, 23. What does the man think of the movie?A. Amazing.B. Disappointing.C. Moving.4. What made the woman confused about the movie?A. The plot.B. The special effects.C. The scenery.Conversation, 35. What prevented the woman's car from starting?A. The faulty engine.B. The lack of petrol.C. The dead battery.6. What will the woman o?A. Get some petrol.B. Buy a new car.C. Return her battery.Conversation, 47. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. Sending Steven to school.B. Working on night shift.C. Looking after Steven.8. Who should plan Steven's future in the woman's opinion?A. The father.B. Steven himself.C. The mother.9. What can we learn from the conversation?A. The couple has much spare time.B. The couple has to work.C. The husband will be free in the daytime.Conversation, 510. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?A. Customer and waiter.B. Boss and employee.C. Interviewer and interviewee.11. Why does the woman want to leave her present company?A. The company isn't doing well.B. She hasn't had a promotion.C. She can't display her abilities there.12. When can the woman start her new job?A. At once.B. In about a month.C. In about a week.Conversation, 613. Why has the woman gone to Prague?A. To go sightseeing.B. To see a friend.C. To attend a conference.14. How long does it take from the hotel to the conference center by bus?A. 6 minutes.B. 5 minutes.C. 15 minutes.15. What can we learn from the conversation?A. The subway fare depends on the distance.B. It is easy to get lost at the subway station.C. There isn't a subway station near the conference center.Section B (7.5 marks)Directions : In this section , you will hear a short passage . Listen carefully and then fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard . Fill in each blank withNO MORE THAN THREE WORDS.You will hear the short passage TWICE.Part II Language Knowledge (45 marks)Section A (15 marks)Directions: For each of the following unfinished sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C an,d D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence .21. A journal is not necessarily a reliable record of facts, for the writer's impressionscolour the telling of events.A. shallB. mightC. shouldD. must22. There are eight tips in Dr. Roger's lecture on sleep, and one of them is:to bed early unless you think it is necessary.A. doesn't goB. not to goC. don't goD. not going23. -Hi, Lucy! What's the schedule for tomorrow?-Let me check. You an appointment with Thomas at three o'clock.A. were havingB. haveC. hadD. have had24. It is not your grades but the attitude to your course matters.A. thatB. oneC. whatD. it25. As many as 20 dishes are provided in the dining hall today, and you are free tochoose suits you best.A. whateverB. wheneverC. whicheverD. wherever26. Many of the only children are so accustomed to that they react violentlywhen they hear something different.A. having praisedB. praisedC. praisingD. being praised27. Tom may win the competition, he is likely to get into the national team.A. in that caseB. in which caseC. in what caseD. in whose case28. Arriving at the party hurriedly, we were disappointed to find that the bandplaying.A. stoppedB. will stopC. had stoppedD. has stopped29. Every morning Jack's wife will stand before the mirror, herself beforeleaving home.A. admiredB. being admiredC. to admireD. admiring30. -Do I have to bring my camera tomorrow afternoon?-I think so. We the Botanical Garden then.A. are visitingB. will be visitingC. have visitedD. visit31. Tired of her endless complaints, I walked out of the room she could openher mouth.A. beforeB. untilC. whenD. once32. The boy, with his school work every day, felt rather tired anduncomfortable.A. occupiedB. occupyingC. to occupyD. being occupied33. The captain as well as his team interviewed shortly after they won thegold medal.A. areB. wasC. isD. were34. The world today different without the amazing discoveries produced bygreat scientists.A. wereB. had beenC. would have beenD. would be35. -Where can we get Mo Yan's new novel?-I'm sorry, it and will come out next week.A. has been printedB. will be printedC. is being printedD. is printedSection B (18 marks)Directions : For each blank in, the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits thecontext .I lost my sight when I was four years old when falling off a train to Atlantic City.But I was 36 . My parents and my teachers saw something in me -a potential tolive, you might call it -which I didn't see, and they encouraged me to _ 37blindness.The hardest lesson I had to 38 was to believe in myself. If I hadn't been ableto do that, I would have walked with a stick for the rest of my life. When I say beliefin myself I am not 39_ talking about the kind of self-confidence that helps me downan 40 staircase alone. That is part of it. But I mean something bigger than that. Although imperfect in some aspect, I am a real, positive person. There is a specialplace where I can make myself fit.It took me years to discover and 41 this self-confidence. It had to start withthe most basic things. Once a man gave me an indoor baseball. I thought he wasmaking fun of me and I was 42 ."I can't use this," I responded."Take it with you," he urged me, "and roll it around. "The words stuck in my head. "Roll it around! " By rolling the ball I could 43 where it went. This gave me an 44 how to achieve a goal I had thought impossible: playing baseball. At Philadelphia's Overbrook School for the Blind I invented a newkind of baseball. We called it ground ball.All my life I have set ahead of me a series of goals and then tried t0 45 themone by one. I also knew my limitations. It was no good trying something that I knew atthe start was wildly out of reach because that only 46 the bitterness of failure. Iwould fail sometimes anyway but on the average I made 47 .36. A. unfortunate B. disappointed C. lucky D. ashamed37. A. share with B. play with C. toy with D. fight with38. A. meet B. learn C. avoid D. prepare39. A. simply B. slightly C. frequently D. directly40. A. unusual B. unfair C. unfamiliar D. uncomfortable41. A. lengthen B. strengthen C. deepen D. widen42. A. hurt B. amused C. greeted D. praised43. A. find B. see C. smell D. hear44. A. event B. offer C. idea D. excuse45. A. receive B. achieve C. classify D. follow46. A. refused B. removed C. caused D. replaced47. A. sense B. mistakes C. friends D. progressSection C (12 marks)Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that bestfit the context.Have you ever noticed this phenomenon? Sometimes Chinese English teachers are puzzled by such questions, "Could you please give me some advice 48 how to improve my reading comprehension?"Actually, many of the teachers can't give their students 49 effective way to deal with reading. Anyway, they often simply say, "Read 50 and practise more,and you will get more experience in reading comprehension. " Frankly, these teachers' good suggestions are only helpful to arouse (激起) students' interest in reading 51not helpful to deal with the questions in the examinations of reading comprehension. Personally, 52 think the skill for reading comprehension should be based on the knowledge of English writing. 53 the English passages are written under some rules or principles, the science of reading and understanding may have a close relationshipwith writing. Reading comprehension can't be independent 54 the knowledge of writing. So to do better in reading comprehension 55 ever, we should learn the knowledge of writing, study how questions are designed and the relationship between questions and the reading materials.Part III Reading Comprehension (30 marks)Directions: Read the Following three passages. Each passage is jollowed by several questions or unfin,ished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A , B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the injormation given in the passage .AOver the last 30 years, Bangkok, once a small fishing village, has transformed into a rich, concrete, high-rise city that it is today. The spreading metropolis and its population of 12 million now produces 35 per cent of Thailand's economic wealth.As a magnet for foreign companies, Bangkok attracts many overseas managers and business people from different fields, including tourism, automobiles and electronics.The city's population of foreigners is in the high hundreds of thousands, with tens of thousands of Japanese, Chinese and western employees working alongside hundreds of thousands of Burmese who mostly do unskilled jobs shunned by Thais.For those used to the good life, the variety and quality of the city's food is a key attraction, says one US manager, before listing many of his favourite Italian, Mexican and, of course, Thai restaurants. Most offer quality meals for less than the cost of atakeaway sandwich in London.Great choice and value can be found in Bangkok's other attractions, too. For overseas business people who enjoy shopping in luxury and air-conditioned comfort, the city has hundreds of modern shopping malls. Some foreigners, however, prefer the charms of Chatuchak Market, where anything can be bought at a good price by the skilled bargainer.When the time comes to talk business many overseas business people prefer to move out of the markets and onto the golf course. Thailand has thousands of courses, which can provide a welcome break from the busy and noisy city life. But most business people go to the golf course because it's the perfect place to discuss the next big deal.Because of the fast-paced life some foreign business people see Bangkok as a place to stay for the short term, rather than a lifetime. Australian computer softwaredesigner Sarah Huang is seven months pregnant but still working full-time in her Bangkok office. She says the city is "definitely a place I want to stay for the next five,ten years". Nannies and home help are affordable, but high fees for quality secondary education have convinced Ms. Huang to return to Australia when her child reaches high school age.56. According to the first two paragraphs, we know thatA. Bangkok offers many working opportunities for peopleB. Bangkok has always been a rich Thai cityC. most foreigners coming to Bangkok are touristsD. Burmese in Bangkok mostly work for Thais57. The underlined word "shunned" in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _A. forgottenB. unwantedC. appreciatedD. rewarded58. What is the main attraction of golf for business people according to the passage?A. It is the most convenient way for them to get regular exercise.B. It is a good place in which to discuss business matters.C. It is a great way to escape from the noise and pollution of the city.D. It gives them the opportunity to meet local people in a social setting.59. Sarah Huang says she'll eventually leave Bangkok becauseA. she is going to have a babyB. her working hours are too longC. it's not easy to find suitable home help thereD. the cost of a good education there is too high60. The main purpose of the passage is toA. explain the reasons for Bangkok's rapid economic growth over the past 30 yearsB. promote the many attractions Bangkok has to offer tourists visiting the cityC. describe the attractions of living in Bangkok for foreign business peopleD. compare the lifestyles of Burmese workers and foreign business peoplein BangkokBA woman renewing her driver's license at the County Clerk's office was asked to state her occupation. She hesitated, uncertain how to classify herself."What I mean is," explained the recorder, "do you have a job, or are youjust a. . . ""Of course I have a job," said Emily. "I'm a mother.""We don't list imother' as an occupation... ihousewife' covers it," said the recorder.One day I found myself in the same situation. The clerk was obviously a career woman, confident and possessed of a high sounding title. "What is your occupation?" she asked.The words simply came out. "I'm a Research Associate in the field of Child Development and Human Relations. "The clerk paused, ballpoint pen frozen in mid-air.I repeated the title slowly, and then I stared with wonder as my statement was written in bold, black ink on the official questionnaire."Might I ask," said the clerk with new interest, "just what you do in this field?"Coolly, without any trace of panic in my voice, I heard myself reply, "I have a continuing program of research (what mother doesn't), in the lab and in the field (normally I would have said indoors and out). Of course, the job is one of the most demanding in the humanities (any mother disagrees?) , and I often work 14 hours a day (24 is more like it) . But the job is more challenging than most careers and rewards are more of a satisfaction rather than just money. "There was an increasing note of respect in the clerk's voice as she completed the form, stood up, and showed me out.As I drove into our driveway, feeling happier by my attractive and exciting new career, I was greeted by my lab assistants-aged 13, 7 and 3.Upstairs I could hear our new experimental model (a 6-month-old baby), in the child-development program, testing out a new vocal pattern.I felt proud! I had gone on the official records as someone more distinguished and essential to mankind than "just another mother".Motherhood... What a glorious career! Especially when there's a title on the door.61. What can we infer from the conversation between the woman and the recorder atthe beginning of the passage?A. The woman felt ashamed to admit what her job was.B. The recorder was impatient and rude.C. Motherhood was not recognized and respected as a job by society.D. The author was upset about the situation that mothers faced.62. How did the female clerk feel at first when the author told her occupation?A. Puzzled.B. Curious.C. Upset.D. Frightened.63. How did the author feel when describing her job to the clerk?A. Angry.B. Calm.C. Unconfident.D. Annoyed.64. Why did the woman clerk show more respect for the author?A. Because the author cared little about rewards.B. Because she admired the author's research work in the lab.C. Because the author did something she had little knowledge of.D. Because she thought the author did admirable work.65. What is the author's purpose of writing the passage?A. To show that motherhood is a worthy career and deserves respect.B. To show how you describe your job affects your feelings toward it.C. To show that the author had a grander job than Emily.D. To show that being a mother is hard and boring work.CTexting pedestrians aren' t just an annoyance to their fellow walkers, but something dangerous to themselves."I was checking emails while walking to work this morning," said Wolbert van den Hoorn. "But it has a serious influence on the safety of people who type or read textwhile walking. "Anecdotes back him up. A tourist from Taiwan walked off a port near Melbourne last month while checking Facebook-bringing an abrupt, and icy end to a penguin- watching visit. Another shopper in the U.S. was too addicted to his mobile phone to notice the fountain ahead, walking straight into it.And as mobile-phone use has grown-to about 77% of the world's population, the study says-so has the number of phone-related accidents. The number of U. S. emergency-room visits linked to phone use on the move doubled to as many as l,500 between 2005 and 2010, an Ohio State University study recently showed.Authorities world-wide have taken note. Signs on Hong Kong's subway system advise passengers in three languages to keep their eyes off their phones. Police and transport authorities have also warned the danger in Singapore, where the Straits Times newspaper ranked it as "No.2 Bad Habit", due to the rising number of road deaths.Some U.S. states, including New York and Arkansas, are even considering bans onthis act.The Australian study used 26 volunteers, a third of whom admitted having hit objects while texting. They were fitted with different equipment in different parts oftheir body, and asked to walk 8.5 meters three times-once without a phone, oncewhile reading a text and once while writing a text-while eight cameras captured the action.V olunteers using the phone walked slower and with shorter steps (and slowest ofall when typing), and, more seriously, they locked their arms and elbows in-like "robots", in the researchers' words. That forced their heads to move more, throwingthem off balance."In a pedestrian environment, inability to maintain a straight path would be likely to increase potential for hits, falls and traffic accidents," said Mr. van den Hoorn."The best thing to do is to step aside and stop, or keep off the phone."66. Which of the following about "Texting pedestrians" is WRONG?A. People who type while walking.B. People who phone while walking.C. People who text while walking.D. People who read text message while walking.67. The writer uses the two examples in Paragraph 3 to showA. the advantages of mobile phonesB. the use of mobile phones in waterC. the use of mobile phones in a wrong wayD. the popularity of mobile phones68. What is New York and Arkansas' attitude to texting pedestrians?A. Considering forbidding their acts.B. Ranking it as "No.l Bad Habit".C. Setting up signs to warn them.D. Equipping them with advanced machines.69. Why are texting pedestrians likely to hit or fall according to the passage?A. They walk too fast.B. They lock their arms and elbows.C. They are out of balance.D. They walk with longer steps.70. What is the best title for the passage?A. Text message or e-mail only?B. Ways to avoid fallsC. Mobile phones for entertainmentD. Safety or text message?Part IV Writing (45 marks)Section A (10 marks)Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in, the numbered blanks by using the information, from the passage.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS jor each answer .Unlike in our country, violence against women is very obvious in some western and African countries. The basic cause of it lies in discrimination, which claims women inequality with men in all aspects of life. Violence is both origin in discrimination and serves to worsen discrimination.Violence against women is a sign of historically unequal status of women compared to men, which has resulted into domination (控制,主宰) and discrimination against women by men and to the prevention of the full development of women. Violenceagainst women is one of the important social means by which women are restricted intoa secondary position in comparison with men.As violence against women is spread worldwide, many women are targets becauseof their ethnic group, class, sex or disability status.Many women think that the psychological consequences of abuse are even more dangerous than its physical effects. The experience of abuse often shakes women's self- respect and puts them at great risk of a number of mental health problems, such as: Depression is becoming broadly recognized as a main health problem in the world. Women who are abused by their partners suffer more depression and anxiety thanwomen who have not been abused, according to studies in Australia, Nicaragua, Pakistan, and the US.Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a strong anxiety disorder that can happen when people go through or witness a very unpleasant event in which they feel disappointed and helpless or fear death or injury. The symptoms of PTSD contain mentally reliving the upsetting event by means of flashbacks (闪回,倒叙) ; avoiding anything that would remind one of the events; experiencing discomfort in sleeping and concentrating; and being easily alarmed or frightened.The severe violence is also likely to lead to suicide. Some women kill themselves or try to do so. Researches from some countries, including Sweden, and the US, have showed that domestic violence is closely connected with suicide. Abused women who have PTSD symptoms prove to be most likely to try suicide.Abused women are more likely than other women to misuse alcohol and drugs. When a person' s everyday life functioning or life alternatives continue to be influenced, a post-traumatic stress disorder may be the problem, requiring professional treatment.Title: 71I . 72 0f historically unequal statusDomination and discrimination from men , s leading position andpreventing 73II. 74 : women's self-respect shake and 75 Occur.76 , a main health problemPost-traumatic stress disorder, a strong 77 , happens under certainconditions.One of its symptoms is mentally reliving 78 by means of flashbacks.79 , especially for women with PTSD symptomsAlcohol and drug misuseIII. 80Professional treatmentSection B (10 marks)Directions: Read the jollowing passage. Answer the questions according to the injormation given in the passage .With the right encouragement and tools, children can develop leadership qualities that are important to help them succeed in all areas of life. Leadership activities and games help build these skills by enabling children to become more self-aware and improve their self-respect.Good leaders can convey their thoughts and feelings effectively. Poetry, shortstories or drawing are ideal activities to introduce children to the concept of leadership. Ask children to think about what makes a great leader and then express their ideas. Games like blind obstacle courses can build communication skills as well.Planning and organizing is a fundamental leadership quality. Children can learnthis skill by helping to plan a concert or play. Instead of assigning just one leader,divide the group into several small ones and assign leaders to each group. One groupcan be in charge of assigning roles and the second could be in charge of makinginvitations. How you distribute leadership roles will vary depending on the age of thechildren and what you have chosen to perform.Compromise is a skill of many effective leaders. Goals are obtained faster when arguments don't slow the process. Activities that teach children the art of compromisehelp them to negotiate with friends and family naturally. Group science projects, for example, can help enable children to learn how to compromise and negotiate. Thesuccess or failure of the project will depend on the children's ability to negotiate andwork together.The ability to work well with others is another important leadership skill. Teamsports like baseball can teach children how to work as a group and that theircontribution is important to the overall success of the team. This builds theirconfidence and encourages them to think beyond themselves and their individual needs.81. What activities can be used to introduce children to the concept of leadership? (Nomore than 5 words) (2 marks)82. How can children learn an important leadership quality according to Paragraph 3?(No more than 8 words) (2 marks)83. What is the principle of distributing leadership roles when planning a play? (Nomore than 8 words) (3 marks)84. What's the main idea of Paragraph 4? (No more than 8 words)(3 marks)Section C(25 marks)Directions:Write an English composition accordin,g to the instructions given, belowin Chinese．请先阅读下面的寓言(fable)。
湖南省长沙市长郡中学等十三校联考高考数学二模试卷 理(含解析)
湖南省长沙市长郡中学等十三校联考2015届高考数学二模试卷（理科）一．选择题1．（6分）集合A={x∈N|x≤6}，B={x∈R|x2﹣3x＞0}，则A∩B=（）A．{3，4，5} B．{4，5，6} C．{x|3＜x≤6}D．{x|3≤x＜6}2．（6分）下列命题中，真命题是（）A．∃x0∈R，使得B．sin2x+≥3（x≠kπ，k∈Z）C．函数f（x）=2x﹣x2有两个零点D．a＞1，b＞1是ab＞1的充分不必要条件3．（6分）已知三棱柱的三视图如图所示，其中俯视图为正三角形，则该三棱柱的体积为（）A．B．C．D．64．（6分）f（x）=Asin（ωx+ϕ）（A＞0，ω＞0）在x=1处取最大值，则（）A．f（x﹣1）一定是奇函数B．f（x﹣1）一定是偶函数C．f（x+1）一定是奇函数D．y=f（x+1）一定是偶函数5．（6分）已知函数，集合A={1，2，3，4，5，6，7，8，9}，现从A中任取两个不同的元素m，n，则f（m）•f（n）=0的概率为（）A．B．C．D．6．（6分）运行如如图所示的程序框图，则输出的结果S为（）A．1008 B．2015 C．1007 D．﹣10077．（6分）已知抛物线C：y2=4x，点P（m，0），O为坐标原点，若在抛物线C上存在一点Q，使得∠OQP=90°，则实数m的取值范围是（）A．（4，8）B．（4，+∞）C．（0，4）D．（8，+∞）8．（6分）设函数y=f（x）在R上有定义，对于任一给定的正数P，定义函数f p（x）=，则称函数f p（x）为 f（x）的“P界函数”．若给定函数f（x）=x2﹣2x﹣1，p=2，则下列结论不成立的是（）A．f p=f B．f p=f C．f=f p D．f=f p9．（6分）已知函数g（x）=a﹣x2（≤x≤e，e为自然对数的底数）与h（x）=2lnx的图象上存在关于x轴对称的点，则实数a的取值范围是（）A．B．C．D．（Ⅱ）记X为取出的3个球中编号的最小值，求X的分布列与数学期望．18．已知函数的最大值为2．（1）求函数f（x）在上的单调递减区间；（2）△ABC中，，角A，B，C所对的边分别是a，b，c，且C=60°，c=3，求△ABC的面积．19．（12分）如图，在四棱锥P﹣ABCD中，PD⊥平面ABCD，底面ABCD是菱形，∠BAD=60°，O为AC与BD的交点，E为PB上任意一点．（I）证明：平面EAC⊥平面PBD；（II）若PD∥平面EAC，并且二面角B﹣AE﹣C的大小为45°，求PD：AD的值．20．（13分）已知数列{a n}中，a1=1，a n+1=（I）求证：数列{a2n﹣}是等比数列；（II）若S n是数列{a n}的前n项和，求满足S n＞0的所有正整数n．21．（13分）已知离心率为的椭圆的右焦点F是圆（x﹣1）2+y2=1的圆心，过椭圆上的动点P作圆的两条切线分别交y轴于M、N两点．（1）求椭圆的方程；（2）求线段MN长的最大值，并求此时点P的坐标．22．（13分）已知函数f（x）=﹣ax（x＞0且x≠1）．（1）若函数f（x）在（1，+∞）上为减函数，求实数a的最小值；（2）若∃x1，x2∈，使f（x1）≤f′（x2）+a成立，求实数a的取值范围．湖南省长沙市长郡中学等十三校联考2015届高考数学二模试卷（理科）参考答案与试题解析一．选择题1．（6分）集合A={x∈N|x≤6}，B={x∈R|x2﹣3x＞0}，则A∩B=（）A．{3，4，5} B．{4，5，6} C．{x|3＜x≤6}D．{x|3≤x＜6}考点：交集及其运算．专题：计算题．分析：根据所给的两个集合，整理两个集合，写出两个集合的最简形式，再求出两个集合的交集．解答：解：∵集合A={x∈N|x≤6}={0，1，2，3，4，5，6}，B={x∈R|x2﹣3x＞0}={x∈R|x＜0或x＞3}∴A∩B={4，5，6}．故选B．点评：本题考查集合的表示方法，两个集合的交集的定义和求法．化简A、B两个集合，是解题的关键．2．（6分）下列命题中，真命题是（）A．∃x0∈R，使得B．sin2x+≥3（x≠kπ，k∈Z）C．函数f（x）=2x﹣x2有两个零点D．a＞1，b＞1是ab＞1的充分不必要条件考点：命题的真假判断与应用．专题：简易逻辑．分析：A．∀x∈R，e x＞0，即可判断出正误；B．取x=，则sin2x+=1﹣2=﹣1＜3，即可判断出正误；C．f（x）=2x﹣x2有3个零点，其中两个是2，4，另外在区间（﹣1，0）内还有一个，即可判断出正误；D．a＞1，b＞1⇒ab＞1，反之不成立，例如：取a=4，b=，满足ab＞1，但是b＜1，即可判断出正误．解答：解：A．∀x∈R，e x＞0，因此是假命题；B．取x=，则sin2x+=1﹣2=﹣1＜3，因此是假命题；C．f（x）=2x﹣x2有3个零点，其中两个是2，4，另外在区间（﹣1，0）内还有一个，因此共有3个，是假命题；D．a＞1，b＞1⇒ab＞1，反之不成立，例如：取a=4，b=，满足ab＞1，但是b＜1，因此a＞1，b＞1是ab＞1的充分不必要条件，是真命题．故选：D．点评：本题考查了简易逻辑的判定方法、函数零点的判定方法、不等式的性质、指数函数的性质、三角函数的性质，考查了推理能力与计算能力，属于中档题．3．（6分）已知三棱柱的三视图如图所示，其中俯视图为正三角形，则该三棱柱的体积为（）A．B．C．D．6考点：由三视图求面积、体积．专题：计算题；图表型．分析：由三视图及题设条件知，此几何体为一个正三棱柱，其高已知，底面正三角形的高已知，由此可先求出底面积，再由体积公式求解其体积即可．解答：解：如图将三棱柱还原为直观图，由三视图知，三棱柱的高为4，设底面连长为a，则，∴a=6．故体积．故答案为C．点评：本题考点是由三视图求几何体的面积、体积，考查对三视图的理解与应用，主要考查三视图与实物图之间的关系，用三视图中的数据还原出实物图的数据，再根据相关的公式求表面积与体积，本题求的是三棱柱的体积．三视图的投影规则是：“主视、俯视长对正；主视、左视高平齐，左视、俯视宽相等”．三视图是新课标的新增内容，在以后的2015届高考中有加强的可能．4．（6分）f（x）=Asin（ωx+ϕ）（A＞0，ω＞0）在x=1处取最大值，则（）A．f（x﹣1）一定是奇函数B．f（x﹣1）一定是偶函数C．f（x+1）一定是奇函数D．y=f（x+1）一定是偶函数考点：正弦函数的图象．专题：三角函数的图像与性质．分析：由条件可得x=1是函数f（x）的一条对称轴，故函数y=f（x+1）为偶函数，从而得出结论．解答：解：∵函数f（x）在x=1处取最大值，∴x=1是函数f（x）的一条对称轴，将函数f（x）向左平移1个单位，得到函数f（x+1）的图象，此时函数关于y轴对称，则函数y=f（x+1）为偶函数，故A、B、C都不正确，故选：D．点评：本题主要考查三角函数的图象和性质，根据函数最值和对称轴之间的关系是解决本题的关键，属于基础题．5．（6分）已知函数，集合A={1，2，3，4，5，6，7，8，9}，现从A中任取两个不同的元素m，n，则f（m）•f（n）=0的概率为（）A．B．C．D．考点：三角函数的化简求值；等可能事件的概率．专题：计算题．分析：对于m值，求出函数的值，然后用排列组合求出满足f（m）•f（n）=0的个数，以及所有的个数，即可得到f（m）•f（n）=0的概率．解答：解：已知函数，集合A={1，2，3，4，5，6，7，8，9}，现从A中任取两个不同的元素m，n，则f（m）•f（n）=0m=3，9时，满足f（m）•f（n）=0的个数为m=3时8个m=9时8个，n=3时8个，n=9时8个，重复2个，共有30个．从A中任取两个不同的元素m，n，则f（m）•f（n）的值有72个，所以函数，集合A={1，2，3，4，5，6，7，8，9}，从A中任取两个不同的元素m，n，则f（m）•f（n）=0的概率为：=，故选A．点评：本题考查概率的应用，排列组合的应用，注意满足题意，不重复不要漏，考查计算能力．6．（6分）运行如如图所示的程序框图，则输出的结果S为（）A．1008 B．2015 C．1007 D．﹣1007考点：程序框图．专题：图表型；算法和程序框图．分析：程序运行的功能是求S=1﹣2+3﹣4+…+（﹣1）k﹣1•k，根据计算变量n判断程序终止运行时的k值，利用并项求和求得S．解答：解：执行程序框图，有k=1，S=0满足条件n＜2015，S=1，k=2；满足条件n＜2015，S=﹣1，k=3；满足条件n＜2015S=2，k=4；满足条件n＜2015S=﹣2，k=5；满足条件n＜2015S=3，k=6；满足条件n＜2015S=﹣3，k=7；满足条件n＜2015S=4，k=8；…观察规律可知，有满足条件n＜2015S=1006，k=2012；满足条件n＜2015S=﹣1006，k=2013；满足条件n＜2015S=1007，k=2014；满足条件n＜2015，S=﹣1007，k=2015；不满足条件n＜2015，输出S的值为﹣1007．故选：D．点评：本题考查了循环结构的程序框图，根据计算变量n判断程序终止运行时的k值是解答本题的关键，属于基础题．7．（6分）已知抛物线C：y2=4x，点P（m，0），O为坐标原点，若在抛物线C上存在一点Q，使得∠OQP=90°，则实数m的取值范围是（）A．（4，8）B．（4，+∞）C．（0，4）D．（8，+∞）考点：抛物线的简单性质．专题：计算题．分析：求出以OP为直径的圆的方程，y2=4x代入整理，利用在抛物线C上存在一点Q，使得∠OQP=90°，即可求出实数m的取值范围．解答：解：以OP为直径的圆的方程为（x﹣）2+y2=，y2=4x代入整理可得x2+（4﹣m）x=0，∴x=0或x=m﹣4，∵在抛物线C上存在一点Q，使得∠OQP=90°，∴m﹣4＞0，∴m＞4，故选：B．点评：本题考查抛物线、圆的方程，考查学生的计算能力，比较基础．8．（6分）设函数y=f（x）在R上有定义，对于任一给定的正数P，定义函数f p（x）=，则称函数f p（x）为 f（x）的“P界函数”．若给定函数f（x）=x2﹣2x﹣1，p=2，则下列结论不成立的是（）A．f p=f B．f p=f C．f=f p D．f=f p考点：分段函数的应用．专题：新定义；函数的性质及应用．分析：由于函数f（x）=x2﹣2x﹣1，p=2，求出f2（x）=，再对选项一一加以判断，即可得到答案．解答：解：∵函数f（x）=x2﹣2x﹣1，p=2，∴f2（x）=，∴A．f p=f2（﹣1）=2，f=f（﹣1）=1+2﹣1=2，故A成立；B．f p=f2（﹣2）=2，f=f（﹣2）=4+4﹣1=7，故B不成立；C．f=f（﹣1）=2，f p=f2（﹣1）=2，故C成立；D．f=f（2）=﹣1，f p=f2（2）=﹣1，故D成立．故选：B．点评：本题考查新定义的理解和运用，考查分段函数的运用：求函数值，属于中档题．9．（6分）已知函数g（x）=a﹣x2（≤x≤e，e为自然对数的底数）与h（x）=2lnx的图象上存在关于x轴对称的点，则实数a的取值范围是（）A．B．C．D．．故选B．点评：本题考查了构造函数法求方程的解及参数范围；关键是将已知转化为方程a﹣x2=﹣2lnx⇔﹣a=2lnx﹣x2在上有解．10．（6分）如图，已知双曲线C：﹣=1（a＞0，b＞0）的右顶点为A，O为坐标原点，以A为圆心的圆与双曲线C的某渐近线交于两点P、Q，若∠PAQ=60°且=3，则双曲线C 的离心率为（）A．B．C．D．考点：双曲线的简单性质．专题：计算题；圆锥曲线的定义、性质与方程．分析：确定△QAP为等边三角形，设AQ=2R，则OP=R，利用勾股定理，结合余弦定理，即可得出结论．解答：解：因为∠PAQ=60°且=3，所以△QAP为等边三角形，设AQ=2R，则OP=R，渐近线方程为y=x，A（a，0），取PQ的中点M，则AM=由勾股定理可得（2R）2﹣R2=（）2，所以（ab）2=3R2（a2+b2）①在△OQA中，=，所以7R2=a2②①②结合c2=a2+b2，可得=．故选：B．点评：本题考查双曲线的性质，考查余弦定理、勾股定理，考查学生的计算能力，属于中档题．【选做题】11．（6分）如图，BD是半圆O的直径，A在BD的延长线上，AC与半圆相切于点E，AC⊥BC，若，AE=6，则EC=3．考点：与圆有关的比例线段．专题：计算题．分析：连结OE，由切线的性质定理得到OE⊥AC，从而可得OE∥BC．根据切割线定理得AE2=AD•AB，解出AB=，可得AO=，最后利用比例线段加以计算得到AC长，从而可得EC的长．解答：解：连结OE，∵AC与半圆相切于点E，∴OE⊥AC，又∵AC⊥BC，∴OE∥BC．由切割线定理，得AE2=AD•AB，即36=，解得AB=，因此，半圆的直径BD=，AO=BD=．可得，所以AC==9，EC=AC﹣AE=3．故答案为：3点评：本题给出半圆满足的条件，求线段EC之长．着重考查了切线的性质定理、切割线定理与相似三角形等知识，属于中档题．【【选做题】12．（3分）在直角坐标系xOy中，以原点O为极点，x轴的正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系．若点P为直线ρcosθ﹣ρsinθ﹣4=0上一点，点Q为曲线为参数）上一点，则|PQ|的最小值为．考点：参数方程化成普通方程．专题：坐标系和参数方程．分析：把直线ρcosθ﹣ρsinθ﹣4=0化为直角坐标方程x﹣y﹣4=0．利用点到直线的距离公式可得：|PQ|=．再利用二次函数的单调性即可得出最小值．解答：解：由直线ρcosθ﹣ρsinθ﹣4=0化为x﹣y﹣4=0．由点到直线的距离公式可得：|PQ|===≥=．当且仅当t=2时取等号．∴|PQ|的最小值为．故答案为：．点评：本题考查了把直线的极坐标方程化为直角坐标方程、点到直线的距离公式、二次函数的单调性，属于基础题．【选做题】13．（3分）已知函数f（x）=|x﹣k|+|x﹣2k|，若对任意的x∈R，f（x）≥f（3）=f（4）都成立，则k的取值范围为．考点：绝对值不等式的解法．专题：函数的性质及应用．分析：利用绝对值的几何意义得出f（x）≥f（3）=f（4）都成立，意义为k，2k的距离之和，即：即2≤k≤3成立，求解即可．解答：解：∵函数f（x）=|x﹣k|+|x﹣2k|，∴函数f（x）=|x﹣k|+|x﹣2k|的最小值为|k|，∵f（x）≥f（3）=f（4）都成立，∴根据绝对值的几何意义得出：即2≤k≤3．故答案为：点评：本题考查了绝对值不等式的解法，几何意义，关键是理解给出的条件，属于中档题．五、填空题（共3小题，每小题5分，满分15分）14．（5分）设a=（sinx+cosx）dx，则二项式的展开式的常数项是﹣160．考点：二项式系数的性质．专题：函数的性质及应用．分析：求定积分可得a的值，在二项式的展开式中，令x的幂指数等于零，求得r的值，可得展开式的常数项．解答：解：∵a=（sinx+cosx）dx==2，则二项式=，它的展开式的通项公式为T r+1=（﹣1）r•，令3﹣r=0，求得 r=3，故展开式的常数项是﹣=﹣160，故答案为：﹣160．点评：本题主要考查二项式定理的应用，求定积分，二项展开式的通项公式，求展开式中某项的系数，二项式系数的性质，属于中档题．15．（5分）如果实数a，b满足条件：，则的最大值是．考点：简单线性规划的应用；简单线性规划．专题：不等式的解法及应用．分析：先根据条件画出可行域，再利用几何意义求最值，只需求出可行域内的点与原点（0，0）连线的斜率，求出的范围，利用函数的最值求解表达式的最大值即可．解答：解：先根据约束条件画出可行域，如图，表示可行域内的点与原点（0，0）连线的斜率，设z的几何意义表示可行域内点P与原点O（0，0）连线的斜率，∵当连线OP过点B（，）时，取最大值，最大值为3，连线OP过点A（1，1）时，取最小值，最小值为1，∈．∴===2﹣，∵∈．∴的最大值为：．故答案为：．点评：本题主要考查了简单的线性规划，以及利用几何意义求最值，是中档题．16．（5分）平面向量，，满足||=1，•=1，•=2，|﹣|=2，则•的最小值为．考点：平面向量数量积的运算．专题：平面向量及应用．分析：如图所示，建立直角坐标系．由||=1，不妨设=（1，0）．由•=1，•=2，可设=（1，m），=（2，n）．利用|﹣|=2，可得，（m+n）2=3+4mn≥0，再利用数量积运算=2+mn即可得出．解答：解：如图所示，建立直角坐标系．∵||=1，∴不妨设=（1，0）．∵•=1，•=2，∴可设=（1，m），=（2，n）．∴=（﹣1，m﹣n）．∵|﹣|=2，∴，化为（m﹣n）2=3，∴（m+n）2=3+4mn≥0，∴，当且仅当m=﹣n=时取等号．∴=2+mn．故答案为：．点评：本题考查了通过建立直角坐标系解决向量有关问题、数量积运算及其性质、不等式的性质，考查了推理能力和解决问题的能力，属于难题．三．解答题17．（12分）一个袋子装有大小形状完全相同的9个球，其中5个红球编号分别为1，2，3，4，5，4个白球编号分别为1，2，3，4，从袋中任意取出3个球．（Ⅰ）求取出的3个球编号都不相同的概率；（Ⅱ）记X为取出的3个球中编号的最小值，求X的分布列与数学期望．考点：离散型随机变量的期望与方差；古典概型及其概率计算公式．专题：概率与统计．分析：（I）设“取出的3个球编号都不相同”为事件A，先求出其对立事件“取出的3个球恰有两个编号相同”的概率．由古典概型公式，计算可得答案．（II）X的取值为1，2，3，4，分别求出P（X=1），P（X=3），P（X=4）的值，由此能求出X 的分布列和X的数学期望．解答：解：（Ⅰ）设“取出的3个球编号都不相同”为事件A，设“取出的3个球恰有两个编号相同”为事件B，则P（B）===，∴P（A）=1﹣P（B）=．答：取出的3个球编号都不相同的概率为．（Ⅱ）X的取值为1，2，3，4．P（X=1）==，P（X=2）==，P（X=3）==，P（X=4）==，所以X的分布列为：X 1 2 3 4PX的数学期望EX=1×+2×+3×+4×=．点评：本题考查等可能事件的概率计算与排列、组合的应用以及离散型随机变量的期望与方差，属于基础题．18．已知函数的最大值为2．（1）求函数f（x）在上的单调递减区间；（2）△ABC中，，角A，B，C所对的边分别是a，b，c，且C=60°，c=3，求△ABC的面积．考点：两角和与差的正弦函数；正弦定理；余弦定理．专题：解三角形．分析：（1）将f（x）解析式利用两角和与差的正弦函数公式化为一个角的正弦函数，由正弦函数的值域表示出f（x）的最大值，由已知最大值为2列出关于m的方程，求出方程的解得到m的值，进而确定出f（x）的解析式，由正弦函数的递减区间为（k∈Z），列出关于x的不等式，求出不等式的解集即可得到f（x）在上的单调递减区间；（2）由（1）确定的f（x）解析式化简f（A﹣）+f（B﹣）=4sinAsinB，再利用正弦定理化简，得出a+b=ab①，利用余弦定理得到（a+b）2﹣3ab﹣9=0②，将①代入②求出ab 的值，再由sinC的值，利用三角形的面积公式即可求出三角形ABC的面积．解答：解：（1）f（x）=msinx+cosx=sin（x+θ）（其中sinθ=，cosθ=），∴f（x）的最大值为，∴=2，又m＞0，∴m=，∴f（x）=2sin（x+），令2kπ+≤x+≤2kπ+（k∈Z），解得：2kπ+≤x≤2kπ+（k∈Z），则f（x）在上的单调递减区间为；（2）设△ABC的外接圆半径为R，由题意C=60°，c=3，得====2，化简f（A﹣）+f（B﹣）=4sinAsinB，得sinA+sinB=2sinAsinB，由正弦定理得：+=2×，即a+b=ab①，由余弦定理得：a2+b2﹣ab=9，即（a+b）2﹣3ab﹣9=0②，将①式代入②，得2（ab）2﹣3ab﹣9=0，解得：ab=3或ab=﹣（舍去），则S△ABC=absinC=．点评：此题考查了正弦、余弦定理，三角形的面积公式，两角和与差的正弦函数公式，以及正弦函数的单调性，熟练掌握定理及公式是解本题的关键．19．（12分）如图，在四棱锥P﹣ABCD中，PD⊥平面ABCD，底面ABCD是菱形，∠BAD=60°，O为AC与BD的交点，E为PB上任意一点．（I）证明：平面EAC⊥平面PBD；（II）若PD∥平面EAC，并且二面角B﹣AE﹣C的大小为45°，求PD：AD的值．考点：用空间向量求平面间的夹角；平面与平面垂直的判定；二面角的平面角及求法．专题：计算题；证明题；空间角；空间向量及应用．分析：（I）根据PD⊥平面ABCD，得到AC⊥PD，结合菱形ABCD中AC⊥B D，利用线面垂直判定定理，可得AC⊥平面PBD，从而得到平面EAC⊥平面PBD；（II）连接OE，由线面平行的性质定理得到PD∥OE，从而在△PBD中得到E为PB的中点．由PD⊥面ABCD得到OE⊥面ABCD，可证出平面EAC⊥平面ABCD，进而得到BO⊥平面EAC，所以BO⊥AE．过点O作OF⊥AE于点F，连接OF，证出AE⊥BF，由二面角平面角的定义得∠BFO为二面角B﹣AE﹣C的平面角，即∠BFO=45°．分别在Rt△BOF和Rt△AOE中利用等积关系的三角函数定义，算出OE=，由此即可得到PD：AD的值．解答：解：（I）∵PD⊥平面ABCD，AC⊂平面ABCD，∴AC⊥PD∵菱形ABCD中，AC⊥BD，PD∩BD=D∴AC⊥平面PBD又∵AC⊂平面EAC，平面EAC⊥平面PBD；（II）连接OE，∵PD∥平面EAC，平面EAC∩平面PBD=OE，PD⊂平面PBD∴PD∥OE，结合O为BD的中点，可得E为PB的中点∵PD⊥平面ABCD，∴OE⊥平面ABCD，又∵OE⊂平面EAC，∴平面EAC⊥平面ABCD，∵平面EAC∩平面ABCD=AC，BO⊂平面ABCD，BO⊥AC∴BO⊥平面EAC，可得BO⊥AE过点O作OF⊥AE于点F，连接OF，则∵AE⊥BO，BO、OF是平面BOF内的相交直线，∴AE⊥平面BOF，可得AE⊥BF因此，∠BFO为二面角B﹣AE﹣C的平面角，即∠BFO=45°设AD=BD=a，则OB=a，OA=a，在Rt△BOF中，tan∠BFo=，可得OF=Rt△AOE中利用等积关系，可得OA•OE=OF•AE即a•OE=a•，解之得OE=∴PD=2OE=，可得PD：AD=：2即PD：AD的值为．点评：题给出一个特殊四棱锥，要我们证明面面垂直，并在已知二面角大小的情况下求线段的比值，着重考查了空间垂直位置关系的判断与证明和二面角平面角的求法等知识，属于中档题．20．（13分）已知数列{a n}中，a1=1，a n+1=（I）求证：数列{a2n﹣}是等比数列；（II）若S n是数列{a n}的前n项和，求满足S n＞0的所有正整数n．考点：数列递推式；数列的求和．专题：等差数列与等比数列．分析：（Ⅰ）设b n=a2n﹣，则=﹣，==，由此能证明数列{}是以﹣为首项，为公比的等比数列．（Ⅱ）由b n=a2n﹣=﹣•（）n﹣1=﹣•（）n，得+，从而a2n﹣1+a2n=﹣2•（）n﹣6n+9，由此能求出S2n．从而能求出满足S n＞0的所有正整数n．解答：（Ⅰ）证明：设b n=a2n﹣，则=（）﹣=﹣，====，∴数列{}是以﹣为首项，为公比的等比数列．（Ⅱ）解：由（Ⅰ）得b n=a2n﹣=﹣•（）n﹣1=﹣•（）n，∴+，由a2n=﹣3（2n﹣1），得a2n﹣1=3a2n﹣3（2n﹣1）=﹣•（）n﹣1﹣6n+，∴a2n﹣1+a2n=﹣﹣6n+9=﹣2•（）n﹣6n+9，S2n=（a1+a2）+（a3+a4）+…+（a2n﹣1+a2n）=﹣2﹣6（1+2+3+…+n）+9n==（）n﹣3（n﹣1）2+2．由题意得n∈N*时，{S2n}单调递减，又当n=1时，S2=＞0，当n=2时，S4=﹣＜0，∴当n≥2时，S2n＜0，S2n﹣1=S2n﹣a2n=﹣，故当且仅当n=1时，S2n+1＞0，综上所述，满足S n＞0的所有正整数n为1和2．点评：本题考查等比数列的证明，考查数列的前2n项和的求法，是中档题，解题时要认真审题，注意构造法、等比数列性质、分组求和法的合理运用．21．（13分）已知离心率为的椭圆的右焦点F是圆（x﹣1）2+y2=1的圆心，过椭圆上的动点P作圆的两条切线分别交y轴于M、N两点．（1）求椭圆的方程；（2）求线段MN长的最大值，并求此时点P的坐标．考点：直线与圆锥曲线的综合问题；椭圆的标准方程．专题：计算题；综合题．分析：（I）根据圆方程可求得圆心坐标，即椭圆的右焦点，根据椭圆的离心率进而求得a，最后根据a，b和c的关系求得b，则椭圆方程可得．（II）P（x0，y0），M（0，m），N（0，n），把椭圆方程与圆方程联立求得交点的横坐标，进而可推断x0的范围，把直线PM的方程化简，根据点到直线的距离公式表示出圆心到直线PM和PN的距离．求得x0和y0的关系式，进而求得m+n和mn的表达式，进而求得|MN|．把点P代入椭圆方程根据弦长公式求得MN|．记，根据函数的导函数判断函数的单调性，进而确定函数f（x）的值域，进而求得当时，|MN|取得最大值，进而求得y0，则P点坐标可得．解答：解：（I）∵圆（x﹣1）2+y2=1的圆心是（1，0），∴椭圆的右焦点F（1，0），∵椭圆的离心率是，∴∴a2=2，b2=1，∴椭圆的方程是．（II）设P（x0，y0），M（0，m），N（0，n），由得，∴．直线PM的方程：，化简得（y0﹣m）x﹣x0y+x0m=0．又圆心（1，0）到直线PM的距离为1，∴，∴（y0﹣m）2+x02=（y0﹣m）2+2x0m（y0﹣m）+x02m2，化简得（x0﹣2）m2+2y0m﹣x0=0，同理有（x0﹣2）n2+2y0n﹣x0=0．∴，，∴=．∵P（x0，y0）是椭圆上的点，∴，∴，记，则，时，f'（x）＜0；时，f'（x）＜0，∴f（x）在上单调递减，在内也是单调递减，∴，当时，|MN|取得最大值，此时点P位置是椭圆的左顶点．点评：本题主要考查了直线与圆锥曲线的综合问题．考查考生分析问题、解决问题的能力．22．（13分）已知函数f（x）=﹣ax（x＞0且x≠1）．（1）若函数f（x）在（1，+∞）上为减函数，求实数a的最小值；（2）若∃x1，x2∈，使f（x1）≤f′（x2）+a成立，求实数a的取值范围．考点：利用导数求闭区间上函数的最值；函数的单调性与导数的关系．专题：分类讨论；导数的综合应用．分析：（1）f（x）在（1，+∞）上为减函数，等价于f′（x）≤0在（1，+∞）上恒成立，进而转化为f′（x）max≤0，根据二次函数的性质可得f′（x）max；（2）命题“若∃x1，x2∈，使f（x1）≤f'（x2）+a成立”等价于“当x∈时，有f（x）min≤f′（x）max+a”，由（1）易求f′（x）max+a，从而问题等价于“当x∈时，有f（x）min”，分①a，②a＜两种情况讨论：当a时易求f（x）min，当a＜时可求得f′（x）的值域为，再按（i）﹣a≥0，（ii）﹣a＜0两种情况讨论即可；解答：解：（1）因f（x）在（1，+∞）上为减函数，故f′（x）=﹣a≤0在（1，+∞）上恒成立，又f′（x）=﹣a=﹣+﹣a=﹣，故当，即x=e2时，，所以0，于是a，故a的最小值为．（2）命题“若∃x1，x2∈，使f（x1）≤f'（x2）+a成立”等价于“当x∈时，有f（x）min≤f′（x）max+a”，由（1），当x∈时，f′（x）max=，所以f′（x）max+a=，问题等价于：“当x∈时，有f（x）min”，①当a时，由（1），f（x）在上为减函数，则f（x）min=f（e2）=，故a，；②当a＜时，由于在上为增函数，故f′（x）的值域为，即．（i）若﹣a≥0，即a≤0，f′（x）≥0在上恒成立，故f（x）在上为增函数，于是，f（x）min=f（e）=e﹣ae≥e＞，不合题意；（ii）若﹣a＜0，即0＜a＜，由f′（x）的单调性和值域知，∃唯一，使f′（x0）=0，且满足：当x∈（e，x0）时，f′（x）＜0，f（x）为减函数；当x时，f′（x）＞0，f（x）为增函数；所以，，，所以a﹣＞，与0＜a＜矛盾，不合题意；综上，得a．点评：本题考查利用导数研究函数的单调性、闭区间上函数的最值，考查恒成立问题，考查分类讨论思想、转化思想，考查学生分析解决问题的能力．。
湖南省十三校2015届高三理综(物理部分)第二次联考试题(含解析)新人教版
A B 湖南省2015届高三 十三校联考 第二次考试理科综合 物理试题总分：300分 时量：150分钟长郡中学；衡阳八中；永州四中；岳阳县一中；湘潭县一中；湘西州民中石门一中；澧县一中；郴州一中；益阳市一中；桃源县一中；株洲市二中麓山国际联合命题可能用到的相对原子质量：Na-23 S-32 O-16 H-1 C-12 Mg-24 N-14二、选择题:此题共8小题，每一小题6分.在每一小题给出的四个选项中，第14-18题只有一项符合题目要求，第19-21题有多项符合题目要求。
全部选对的得6分，选对但不全的得3分，有选错的得0分。
14．物理学中研究问题有多种方法，有关研究问题的方法表示错误的答案是：A ．在伽利略之前的学者们总是通过思辩性的论战决定谁是谁非,是他首先采用了以实验检验猜测和假设的科学方法B ．伽利略斜面实验是将可靠的事实和抽象思维结合起来，能更深刻地反映自然规律C ．探究加速度与力、质量三个物理量之间的定量关系，可以在质量一定的情况下，探究物体的加速度与力的关系；再在物体受力一定的情况下，探究物体的加速度与质量的关系。
最后归纳出加速度与力、质量之间的关系。
这是物理学中常用的控制变量的研究方法D ．在公式R U I =电压U 和电流I 具有因果关系、公式t E ∆∆Φ=n 中ΔΦ和E 具有因果关系同理在t a ∆∆=V 中 ΔV 和a 具有因果关系【答案】D【命题立意】此题旨在考查物理史实、研究方法与物理量的理解。
【解析】感应电动势和磁通量变化的快慢有关，与磁通量变化的多少无关；加速度是由合力产生的，与速度变化无关。
【举一反三】？15．如下列图，斜劈A 静止放置在水平地面上，木桩B 固定在水平地面上，弹簧K 把物体与木桩相连，弹簧与斜面平行。
质量为m 的物体和人在弹簧K 的作用下沿斜劈外表向下运动，此时斜劈受到地面的摩擦力方向向左。
如此如下说法正确的答案是：A ．假设剪断弹簧，物体和人的加速度方向一定沿斜面向下B．假设剪断弹簧，物体和人仍向下运动，A受到的摩擦力方向可能向右C．假设人从物体m离开，物体m仍向下运动，A受到的摩擦力可能向右D．假设剪断弹簧同时人从物体m离开，物体m向下运动，A可能不再受到地面摩擦力【答案】A【命题立意】此题旨在考查受力分析【解析】斜劈受到地面的摩擦力方向向左，对斜劈受力分析如图，正交分解，水平方向：即：，,二式结合，因此，A剪断弹簧，物体和人,所以A正确；B假设剪断弹簧，A的受力没有变化，所以仍向左；A 受到的摩擦力的方向取决于，与上面物体质量无关，剪断弹簧同时人从物体m离开，A还受地面摩擦力。
2015届高三理综第二次统考试题
理综本试卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，共16页。
满分300分。
考试用时150分钟。
答卷前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、考生号填写在答题卡规定的位置。
考试结束后，只将答题卡交回。
第Ⅰ卷（必做，共107分）注意事项：1．第Ⅰ卷共20小题。
2．每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
不涂在答题卡上，只答在试卷上不得分。
以下数据可供答题时参考：相对原子质量：C 12 H 1 O 16一、选择题（共13小题，每小题5分，共65分。
每小题只有一个选项符合题意）1．右图分别为两种细胞器的部分结构示意图，其中分析正确的是A．图a表示线粒体，[H]与氧结合形成水发生在外膜上B．图b表示叶绿体，直接参与光合作用的膜上有色素的分布C．两图所示意的结构与ATP形成有关的酶都在内膜和基质中D．两图代表的细胞器都与能量转换有关不可共存于一个细胞2．用3H标记蚕豆根尖分生区细胞的DNA分子双链，再将这些细胞转入含秋水仙素但不含3H的普通培养基中培养。
若秋水仙素对细胞连续发挥作用，则相关叙述不正确的是A．通过检测DNA链上3H标记出现的情况，不可推测DNA的复制方式B．细胞中DNA第二次复制完成后，每个细胞带有3H标记C．秋水仙素可抑制纺锤体的形成，但不影响着丝点的正常分裂D．通过对细胞中不含染色单体的染色体计数，即可推测DNA复制的次数3．下列有关生物实验与实践的叙述，不正确的是A．用双缩脲试剂检测某组织样液中是否含有蛋白质B．用龙胆紫染液染色以观察根尖细胞的有丝分裂C．鉴定组织中脂肪的颜色反应实验时必须使用显微镜D．研究鱼类种群数量变化的规律来确定合理的捕捞量4．科研人员研究外源PLCEl基因在裸小鼠（无胸腺的小鼠）结肠癌肿瘤发生过程中的作用，进行如下实验，下列分析错误的是AB．实验表明PLCEl基因具有原癌基因的功能C．对照组的裸小鼠应注人不含PLCE1基因的结肠癌细胞D．实验组的裸小鼠大量癌细胞的细胞周期受影响5．不同浓度的生长素影响某植物乙烯生成和成熟叶片脱落的实验结果如右图所示。
2015年高考全国Ⅱ卷理科综合试题(含答案解析)
绝密★启用前2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试理科综合能力测试本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，共40题，共300分，共16页。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
注意事项：1．答题前，现将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。
2．选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔记清楚。
3．请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无线；再猜告知、试题卷上答题无效。
4．作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。
5．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
可能用到的相对原子质量：H 1 C 12 N 14 O 16 F 19 Na 23 AI 27 P 31 S 32CL 35.5 Ca 40 Fe 56 Zn 65 Br 80第Ⅰ卷选择题：本题共13小题，每小题6分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的1．将三组生理状态相通的某种植物幼根分别培养在含有相同培养液的密闭培养瓶下，一段时间后，测定根吸收某一矿质元素离子的量。
培养条件及实验结果见下表：下列分析正确的是A. 有氧条件有利于该植物幼根对该离子的吸收B. 该植物幼根对该离子的吸收与温度的变化无关C. 氮气环境中该植物幼根细胞吸收该离子不消耗ATPD. 与空气相比，氮气环境有利于该植物幼根对该离子的吸收2．端粒酶由RNA和蛋白质组成，该酶能结合到端粒子上，以自身的RNA为模板合成端粒子DNA的一条链。
下列叙述正确的是A. 大肠杆菌拟核的DNA中含有端粒B. 端粒酶中的蛋白质为RNA聚合酶C. 正常人细胞的每条染色体两端都含有端粒DNAD. 正常体细胞的端粒DNA随细胞分裂次数增加而变长3．下列过程中不属于胞吐作用的是A. 浆细胞分泌抗体到细胞外的作用B. mRNA从细胞核到细胞质的过程C. 分泌蛋白从胰腺的腺泡细胞到胞外的过程D. 突触小泡中的神经递质释放到突触间隙的过程4．下列有关生态系统的叙述，错误．．的是A. 生态系统的组成成分中含有非生物成分B. 生态系统相对稳定时无能量输入和散失C. 生态系统持续相对稳定离不开信息传递D. 负反馈调节有利于生态系统保持相对稳定5．下列与病原体有关的叙述，正确的是A. 抗体可以进入细胞消灭寄生在其中的结核杆菌B. 抗体抵抗病毒的机制与溶菌酶杀灭细菌的机制相同C. Rous肉瘤病毒不是致瘤因子，与人的细胞癌变无关D. 人感染HIV后的症状与体内该病毒浓度和T细胞数量有关6．下列关于人类猫叫综合征的叙述，正确的是A. 该病是由于特定的染色体片段缺失造成的B. 该病是由于特定染色体的数目增加造成的C. 该病是由于染色体组数目成倍增加选成的D. 该病是由于染色体中增加某一片段引起的7．食品千操剂应无毒、无味、无腐蚀性及环境友好。
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2015届湖南省长沙市长郡中学等十三校高三第二次联考理科综合试题总分：300分时量：150分钟 2015年4月12日可能用到的相对原子质量：Na-23 S-32 O-16 H-1 C-12 Mg-24 N-14一．选择题：本题包括13小题，每小题6分。
每小题只有一个选项符合题意。
1．下列叙述正确的是：A．在花生子叶薄片上滴加苏丹Ⅲ染液，若发现满视野都呈现橘黄色，可以滴1～2滴50%盐酸洗去浮色B．人体用于维持体温的热能自于ATP水解释放的能量C．用透气的消毒纱布包扎伤口可抑制破伤风芽孢杆菌增殖D．紫色洋葱鳞片叶外表皮细胞发生质壁分离复原过程中，液泡里的色素渗透出细胞导致细胞液颜色变浅2．对下列图中有关的生物学意义的描述正确的是：A．甲图若在c点切断，则刺激b点后，a点会兴奋，肌肉会收缩B．乙图人体物质交换中体内细胞与B间不能直接进行物质交换，体内细胞与A之间才能直接进行物质交换C．丙图中，对向光弯曲的植物而言，若茎背光侧为B对应的生长素浓度，则茎向光侧不可能为C对应的浓度D．图丁中靶细胞裂解与效应T细胞内的溶酶体有关3．下图1表示胰岛素浓度与血糖的补充速率和消耗速率之间的关系，图2表示描述某种生命活动的模型。
下列相关分析错误的是：A．曲线甲表示血糖的补充速率，曲线乙表示血糖的消耗速率B．胰岛素作用于肝脏、肌肉等细胞导致曲线甲上升C．若E为调节中枢，a为血糖浓度下降，则b、c可分别代表胰高血糖素和肾上腺素分泌增加D．若E为神经中枢，a为渗透压升高，则b、c可分别代表抗利尿激素释放增加和产生渴觉4．如图表示在采用不同网目(网眼直径)和不同捕捞强度时对大西洋鳕鱼捕获量的影响。
下列相关分析中不正确的是：A．保持捕捞强度33%同时用大网目捕鱼更有利于保持鱼群的持续发展B．保持捕捞强度45%同时用中网目捕鱼使鱼群的年龄组成更接近稳定型C．持久保持捕捞强度45%会导致鳕鱼的种群数量不断减小D．调查鳕鱼的种群密度可以采用标志重捕法5、下列关于细胞的分子组成的说法不正确的是：A．动物细胞膜表面除糖蛋白外还有糖类和脂质分子结合成的糖脂B．生物细胞内吸能反应一般与ATP水解的反应联系C．核苷酸、DNA、RNA和蛋白质可以作为鉴定不同生物是否为同一物种的辅助手段D．1摩尔ATP水解成ADP时所释放的能量多达30.54KJ6．科学家用黄色大鼠与黑色大鼠进行杂交实验，结果如下图。
据图判断，下列叙述正确的是：A．黄色为显性性状，黑色为隐性性状B．F1与黄色亲本杂交，后代有两种表现型C．F1和F2中灰色大鼠均为杂合体D．F2黑色大鼠与米色大鼠杂交，其后代中出现米色大鼠的概率为1/47．在环境保护、资利用等与社会可持续发展密切相关的领域化学发挥着积极作用。
下列做法与此理念相违背的是：A．食品中大量添加苯甲酸钠等防腐剂，可有效延长其保质期B．―地沟油‖可以制成肥皂，提高资的利用率C．加快开发高效洁净能转换技术，缓解能危机D．―A PEC蓝‖是2014年新的网络词汇，形容2014年A PEC会议期间北京蓝蓝的天空。
说明京津冀实施道路限行和污染企业停工等措施，对减轻雾霾、保证空气质量是有效的8．设N A为阿伏加德罗常数的值。
下列说法正确的是：A．标准状况下，22.4LHF中含HF分子数目为N AB．28g由乙烯和丙烯组成的混合气体中含碳碳双键数目为N AC．71gNa2SO4固体中含钠离子数目为N AD．25g质量分数68％的H2O2水溶液中含氧原子数目为N A9．某有机物X的结构简式如下图所示，则下列有关说法中正确的是：A．X的分子式为C12H16O3B．可用酸性高锰酸钾溶液区分苯和XC．X在一定条件下能发生加成、加聚、取代、消去等反应D．在Ni作催化剂的条件下，1 mol X最多只能与1 mol H2加成10．下列实验不合理的是：A．证明非金属性强弱S＞C＞Si B．四氯化碳萃取碘水中的碘C．制备并收集少量NO气体D．制备少量氧气11．下图为向25mL 0.1 mol·L-1 NaOH溶液中逐滴滴加0.2 mol·L-1CH3COOH溶液过程中溶液pH的变化曲线。
AB区间，c（OH－）＞c（H+），则c（OH－）与c（CH3COO－）大小关系是：A．c（OH－）一定大于c（CH3COO－）B．c（OH－）一定小于c（CH3COO－）C．c（OH－）一定等于c（CH3COO－）D．c（OH－）大于、小于或等于c（CH3COO－）12．下列选项中，离子方程式书写正确的是( )A. 向Fe(NO3)2和KI混合溶液中加入少量稀盐酸：3F e2++4H＋+NO3－= 3Fe3＋+2H2O+NO↑[B．泡沫灭火器的灭火原理：2Al3+ +3CO32－+3H2O = 2Al(OH)3↓+ 3CO2↑C．向硝酸银溶液中加入足量的氨水：Ag+ +2NH3·H2O = Ag(NH3)2+ + 2H2OD．用足量的氨水处理硫酸工业的尾气：SO2+ NH3·H2O = NH4+ + HSO3－13．在一定条件下，可逆反应2A（气）＋B（气）nC（固）＋D（气）达平衡。
若维持温度不变，增大压强，测得混合气体的平均相对分子质量不发生改变，则下列说法正确的是：A．其他条件不变，增大压强，平衡不发生移动B．其他条件不变，增大压强，混合气体的总质量不变C．该反应式中n值一定为2D．原混合气体中A与B的物质的量之比为2︰1，且2M（A）＋M（B）＝3M（D）（其中M表示物质的摩尔质量）二、选择题本题共8小题，每小题6分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，第14-18题只有一项符合题目要求，第19-21题有多项符合题目要求。
全部选对的得6分，选对但不全的得3分，有选错的得0分。
14．物理学中研究问题有多种方法，有关研究问题的方法叙述错误的是：A．在伽利略之前的学者们总是通过思辩性的论战决定谁是谁非,是他首先采用了以实验检验猜想和假设的科学方法B．伽利略斜面实验是将可靠的事实和抽象思维结合起，能更深刻地反映自然规律C．探究加速度与力、质量三个物理量之间的定量关系，可以在质量一定的情况下，探究物体的加速度与力的关系；再在物体受力一定的情况下，探究物体的加速度与质量AB 的关系。
最后归纳出加速度与力、质量之间的关系。
这是物理学中常用的控制变量的研究方法 D ．在公式R U I =电压U 和电流I 具有因果关系、公式t E ∆∆Φ=n 中ΔΦ和E 具有因果关系同理在ta ∆∆=V中 ΔV 和a 具有因果关系15．如图所示，斜劈A 静止放置在水平地面上，木桩B 固定在水平地面上，弹簧K 把物体与木桩相连，弹簧与斜面平行。
质量为m 的物体和人在弹簧K 的作用下沿斜劈表面向下运动，此时斜劈受到地面的摩擦力方向向左。
则下列说法正确的是：A ．若剪断弹簧，物体和人的加速度方向一定沿斜面向下B ．若剪断弹簧，物体和人仍向下运动，A 受到的摩擦力方向可能向右C ．若人从物体m 离开，物体m 仍向下运动，A 受到的摩擦力可能向右D ．若剪断弹簧同时人从物体m 离开，物体m 向下运动，A 可能不再受到地面摩擦力 16．如图所示，斜面体固定在水平地面上。
一物体在沿斜面向上且平行斜面的力F 1作用下，在斜面上做速度为v 1的匀速运动，F 1的功率为P 0。
若该物体在沿斜面斜向上的且与斜面夹角为α的力F 2(如图)作用下，在同一斜面上做速度为v 2的匀速运动，F 2的功率也为P 0，则下列说法中正确的是： A ．F 2大于于F 1B ．在相同的时间内，物体增加的机械能相同C ．v 1一定小于v 2D ．v 1可能小于v 217．如图所示，河水流动的速度为v 且处处相同，河宽度为a 。
在船下水点A 的下游距离为b 处是瀑布。
为了使小船渡河安全(不掉到瀑布里去)： A ．小船船头垂直河岸渡河时间最短，最短时间为v b t =。
速度最大，最大速度为bavv =max B ．小船轨迹沿y 轴方向渡河位移最小。
速度最大，最大速度为bvb a v 22max+=C ．小船沿轨迹AB 运动位移最大、时间最长。
速度最小，最小速度bav v =min D ．小船沿轨迹AB 运动位移最大、速度最小。
最小速度22min ba bv v +=18．为了测量某行星的质量和半径，宇航员记录了登陆舱在该行星表面做圆周运动的周期T ，登陆舱在行星表面着陆后，用弹簧称称量一个质量为m 的砝码读数为N 。
已知引力常量为G 。
则下列计算中错误的是：A ．该行星的质量为344316m T N πB ．该行星的半径为mNT 224πC ．该行星的密度为23GT π D ．在该行星的第一宇宙速度为m NTπ219．如图所示，a 、b 、c 、d 是某匀强电场中的四个点，它们是一个四边形的四个顶点，ab ∥cd ，ab ⊥bc ，2ab=cd=bc=2l ，电场线与四边形所在平面平行．已知a 点电势为24V ，b 点电势为28V ，d 点电势为12V ．一个质子（不计重力）经过b 点的速度大小为v 0，方向与bc 成45°，一段时间后经过c 点，则下列说法正确的是： A ．c 点电势为20V B ．质子从b 运动到c 所用的时间为2v l C ．场强的方向由a 指向cD ．质子从b 运动到c 电场力做功为8电子伏20．如图所示，电流表A 1(0-3A)和A 2(0—0．6A)是由两个相同的电流计改装而成，现将这两个电流表并联后接人电路中．闭合开关S ，调节滑动变阻器，下列说法中正确的是： A ．A 1、A 2的读数之比为1：1 B ．A l 、A 2的读数之比为5：1C ．A 1、A 2的指针偏转角度之比为1：1D ．A l 、A 2的指针偏转角度之比为1．521．如图甲所示，abcd 是位于竖直平面内的正方形闭合金属线框，在金属线框的下方有一磁感应强度为B 的匀强磁场区域，MN 和M ′N ′是匀强磁场区域的水平边界，边界的宽度为S ，并与线框的bc 边平行，磁场方向与线框平面垂直．现让金属线框由距MN 的某一高度从静止开始下落，图乙是金属线框由开始下落到完全穿过匀强磁场区域的v-t 图象(其中OA 、BC 、DE 相互平行)。
已知金属线框的边长为L （L ＜S ）、质量为m ，电阻为R ，当地的重力加速度为g ，图象中坐标轴上所标出的字母v 1、v 2、t 1、t 2、t 3、t 4均为已知量．(下落过程中bc 边始终水平)根据题中所给条件，以下说法正确的是： A ．t 2是线框全部进入磁场瞬间，t 4是线框全部离开磁场瞬间B ．从bc 边进入磁场起一直到ad 边离开磁场为止，感应电流所做的功为mgSC ．V 1的大小可能为22LB mgRD ．线框穿出磁场过程中流经线框横截面的电荷量比线框进入磁场过程中流经框横截面的电荷量多三、非选择题：包括必考题和选考题两部分。