高级口译短语大全
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高级口译笔记——谚语口译(Interpreting Proverbs)
1. A bad conscience is a snake in one’s heart.
做贼心虚。
2. Accidents will happen.
天有不测风云,人有旦夕祸福。
3. A clear conscience is a sure card.
为人不做亏心事,半夜不怕鬼敲门。
4. A hedge between keeps friendship green.
君子之交淡如水。
5. All your swans are geese.
事与愿违。
6. As you make the bed, so you must lie in it.
自食其果。
7. A watched pot never boils.
心急吃不了热豆腐。
8. Count one’s chickens before they are hatched.
盲目乐观。
9. Danger is next neighbor to security.
塞翁失马,安知非福?
10. Do in Rome as Romans do.
入乡随俗。
11. Don’t trouble trouble until trouble troubles you.
顺其自然。
12. Everybody’s business is nobody’s business.
三个和尚无水吃。
13. Justice has long arms.
天网恢恢,疏而不漏。
14. He knows most who speaks least./Still water runs deep. 大智若愚。
15. Late fruit keeps well.
大器晚成。
16. Many kiss the baby by the name of the nurse’s sake.
醉翁之意不在酒。
17. Misfortune might be a blessing in disguises.
祸兮福所倚,福兮祸所伏。
18. Names are debts.
树大招风。
19. Nothing venture, nothing have.
不入虎穴,焉得虎子。
20. Rest breeds rust.
生命在于运动。
21. Rome was not built in a day.
冰冻三尺非一日之寒。
22. Save your breath to cool your porridge.
各人自扫门前雪,莫管他人瓦上霜。
23. Short pleasure, long lament.
一失足成千古恨。
24. Stick together through thick and thin.
患难与共。
25. Take things as they come.
既来之则安之。
26. The pot calls the kettle black.
五十步笑一百步。
27. The shepherd would rather lose the wool than the sheep.
留得青山在,不怕没柴烧。
28. Things done cannot be undone.
木已成舟。
/覆水难收。
29. True blue will never stain.
真金不怕火炼。
30. Y ou cannot make a crab walk straight.
江山易移,本性难改。
高级口译笔记——谚语口译(Interpreting Proverbs)②二、形似意合的谚语
1. A new broom sweeps clean.
新官上任三把火。
2. All roads lead to Rome./ All rivers run into the sea.
殊途同归。
3. As a man sows, so he shall reap.
种瓜得瓜,和豆得豆。
4. A sparrow cannot understand the ambition of a swan. 燕雀安知鸿鹄之志。
5. A straight foot is not afraid of a crooked shoe.
身正不怕影儿斜。
6. A word spoken is past recalling.
一言既出,驷马难追。
7. Beat the dog before the lion.
杀鸡儆猴。
8 Better an open enemy than a false friend.
明枪易躲,暗箭难防。
9. Diamond cut diamond.
强中更有强中手。
10. Do one thing under cover of another.
明修栈道,暗度陈仓。
11. Dogs bite in every country.
天下乌鸦一般黑。
12. Every potter praises his pot.
王婆卖瓜,自卖自夸。
13. Fine feathers make fine birds.
佛要金装,人要衣装。
14. Gifts blind the eyes.
拿了手短,吃了嘴软。
15. Good wine needs no bush.
酒香不怕巷子深。
16. Have a card up on e’s sleeve.
胸有成竹。
17. He cries wine and sells vinegar.
挂羊头,卖狗肉。
18. He takes a spear to kill a fly.
杀鸡用牛刀。
19. In for a penny, in for a pound.
一不做,二不休。
20. It is better to be the head of a dog/lizard than the tail of a lion.
宁为鸡首,不为牛后。
21. It is better to die than to live when life is a disgrace./ Better die with honor than live with shame. 宁可玉碎,不为瓦全。
22. Judge not a book by its cover.
人不可貌相,海不可斗量。
23. Kill two birds with one stone.
一箭双雕。
/一石二鸟。
24. Let sleeping dogs lie.
勿打草惊蛇。
25. Love me, love my dog.
爱屋及屋。
26. Much will have more.
得陇望蜀。
/得寸进尺。
27. Once bit, twice shy.
一朝被蛇咬,十年怕井绳。
28. Peace on the forehead and war in the mind.
口蜜腹剑。
29. Put the cart before the horse.
本未倒置。
30. Speak of the devil( and he will appear).
说曹操,曹操到。
31. Teach fish to swim.
班门弄斧。
32. The pupil outdoes the master.
青出于蓝而胜于蓝。
33. The same knife cuts bread and fingers.
水能载舟,亦能覆舟。
34. The sauce is better than the fish.
喧宾夺主。
35. There are plenty of fish in the sea.
天涯何处无芳草。
36. There is no smoke without fire.
无风不起浪。
高级口译笔记——谚语口译(Interpreting Proverbs)①
谚语作为一种以简单通俗的语言来表达深刻道理的语句,常为人们所引用。
千百年来各国之间或多或少的文化交流,往往会使一个民族的谚语跨越疆界,广为流传于其它民族。
许多谚语流传甚广,早已为我们所熟知。
因此,谚语的口译并非是一道不可逾越的障碍。
谚语的口译大致可分为三种类型,一种是“形同意合”的口译,第二种是“形似意合”的口译,第三种是“形异意合”的口译。
一、“形同意合”的谚语
A fall into the pit, a gain in your wit.
吃一堑,长一智。
All shall be well, Jack shall have Jill.
有情人终成成眷属。
A man should not bite the hand that feeds him.
不要恩将仇报。
Beauty is in the eye of the beholder.
情人眼里出西施。
Business is business.
公事公办。
Facts speak louder than words.
事实胜于雄辩。
Failure is the mother of success.
失败乃成功之母。
Fish in troubled waters.
浑水摸鱼。
Friends must part.
聚散离合总有时。
/天下无不散之宴席。
Great minds think alike.
英雄所见略同。
Health is better than wealth.
家有万贯财,不如一身健。
Hedges have eyes, walls have ears.
隔篱有眼,隔墙有耳。
In time of peace prepare for war.
居安当思危。
Like father, like son.
有其父,必有其子。
Man proposes, God disposes.
谋事在人,成事在天。
Misfortunes never come alone.
祸不单行。
Money can’t buy time.
寸金难买寸光阴。
More haste, less speed.
欲速则不达。
Out of office, out of danger.
无官一身轻。
Out of sight, out of mind./Far from eye, far from heart.
眼不见为净。
Pride goes before a fall.
骄者必败。
The style is the man.
文如其人。
Time and tide wait for no man.
时不我待。
/岁月无情。
The remembrance of the past is the teacher of the future.
前事不忘后事之师。
/前车之覆,后车之鉴。
To teach is to learn.
教学相长。
The tongue cuts the throat.
祸从口出。
/言多必失。
高级口译笔记——同声传译(Undertaking Simultaneous Interpretation)
同声传译,又称同步口译,是译员在不打断讲话者演讲的情况下,不停地将其讲话内容传译给听众的一种口译方式。
同声传译的最大优点在于效率高,可以保证讲话才作连贯发言,不影响或中断讲话者的思路,有利于听众对发言全文的通篇理解。
一、在同声传译活动中对译员的要求
1、同声传译要求译员有良好的听觉解意能力。
同声传译是一种即听即译的活动,听入与译出之间只保持几秒钟的时间距离,译员在口头传译几秒钟前听到的信息的同时,还必须耳听及解译新的信息。
因此这种听觉解意能力非同一般意义的耳听会意能力,它指的是一种译员在有自我干扰的环境下及时听解信息的能力。
但是译员的听解并非完全是一种被动的行为,译中可以从大会的主题、发言者的立场、发言论题或论点的背景知识等示意因素,使自己的听译建筑在“上下文”的基础上,进而变被动听译为主动听译。
2、同声传译要求译员具备在听解的同时有迅速组织句子进行连贯流畅表达的能力。
也许有人会认为,汉语是我们的母语,因此英译汉的困难在于能否及时听懂英语内容,不在于如何有汉语来组句和表达。
这完全是对口译工作的一种误解。
组句表达,无论是以外语还是以母语进行,都是一门学问,一种才能,尤其是在需要顾及听的内容的情况下。
二、同声传译的一些基本方法和技巧
1、意译
同声传译即听即译的特点,迫使译员不得不“一心二用”,使译员在翻译过程中难以做到“形”“意”两全。
此外,译员在同步传译时迫于时间压力,也无法对目标语的表达形式斟词酌句一番。
在“形”“意”难以两全的情况下,译员应采用意译的方法,以简洁的语言迅速将来源语所包含的概念和命题传达给听众。
2、顺译
顺译是指一种顺着来源语的词序,按部就班地选择目标语的对应词进行传译的方法。
这里所讲的顺译仅限于顺结构、顺词序的传译,不包括词词对应的顺译。
汉语和英语的基本句子结构均为“主—动—宾”结构,限定词(如数词和所有格代词)和形容词一般也都出现在名词前面,这为英汉顺译或汉英顺译提供了必要的条件。
3、截句
截句是指译员在同声传译过程中及时、适时截断来源语的长句,并按照目标语的表达习惯,将所听到的信息分解成短句,或重组成联句,然后传译过去。
词语置前
例:中国政府将一如既往地支持联合国主持正义、维护和平、促进全球繁荣的行动。
The Chinese government will as always support the UN efforts to uphold justice, maintain peace and promote global prosperity.
词语后置或暂存
例:联合国维和部队应该驻扎在那一地区,一直到所有各方签署了和约为止。
我们的这一立场已得到公认。
Our position is widely received that the UN peace-keeping force will stay in that region until a peaceful agreement has been signed by all concerned parties.
添词
例:我很高兴地向各位通报,中美就知识产权问题签署了一项谅解备忘录,从而避免了一场可能出现的贸易战。
I feel very pleased to report to you that China and the United States signed a Memorandum of Understanding in terms of protecting intellectual property rights, an act that has averted a potential trade war.
减词
例:中国同其周边国家的关系比以往任何时期都好,这种十分珍贵的睦邻友好关系无论对中国人民还是这些国家的人们来说,都极为有益。
China’s relations with its neighboring countries are better than ever before, a situation that best represen ts the interests of the Chinese people and the peoples of other countries concerned.
重复
例:多年来,中国经济的持续增长发挥了越来越重要的作用,这种作用在于促进了亚太地区乃至全球经济的健康发展。
Over the years, China’s sustained economic growth has played an increasing more important role in boosting the hea lthy economic development in the Asian-Pacific region and the world as a whole.
同声传译的才能不是一种可望而不可及的天赋才能。
常言说得好,“工夫不负有心人”。
只要我们细心钻研同传知识和技巧,积极参与同传强化训练,水到自然渠成。
高级口译笔记——商务谈判(Business Negotiation)
第一部分基本词汇
询价make an inquiry
报价quotation
报/发盘offer
底盘floor offer
实/虚盘firm/non-firm offer
开/收盘opening/closing price
现/期货价spot/forward price
还盘counter-offer
回佣return commission
到岸价 C.I.F.(即Cost, Insurance and Freight)
到岸加佣金价 C.I.F.C.(即Cost, Insurance, Freight and Commission)
现货spot goods
库存有限limited stock
批发价wholesale price
零售价retail price
净利润net profit
定金down payment
分期付款payment by installment
现金结算cash settlement
信用证结算payment by letter of credit(L/C)
股东shareholder; stockholder
我方on our part
双赢战略win-win strategy
中止合同terminate the contract
提出索赔lodge a claim
要求赔偿损失claim for a compensation of the loss/damage
贸易索赔business claim
补偿贸易compenstion trade
第二部分词语扩展
商品交易会Commodities Fair
经营范围line/scope of business
独家经销代理exclusive selling agency
市场准入market access
机床machine tools
汽车零部件auto parts
电子商务e-commerce; e-business
第三部分例句
请给我一个有效期为90天的C.I.F.报价,目的港为洛杉矶,报价含5%的佣金。
I'd like to hear your quotation on a C.I.F.Los Angeles basis valid for 90 days, with an inclusion of 5% angent's commission in your quotation.
高级口译笔记——礼仪祝词(Ceremonial Speech)
第一部分基本词汇
开幕/闭幕式opening/closing ceremony
开幕词opening speech/address
致开幕词make an opening speech
友好访问goodwill visit
阁下Y our/His/Her Honor/Excellency
贵宾distinguished guest
尊敬的市长先生Respected Mr.Mayor
远道而来/来自大洋彼岸的朋友friends coming from a distant land/the other side of the Pacific
东道国host country
宣布……开幕declare……open
值此之际on the occasion of
借此机会take this opportunity to
以……名义in the name of
本着……精神in the spirit of
代表on the behalf of
由衷的谢意heartfelt thanks
友好款待gracious hospitality
正式邀请officioa invitation
回顾过去look back on
展望未来look ahead/look into the future
最后in closing
圆满成功 a complete success
提议祝酒propose a toast
第二部分词语扩展
一、政治词汇
亚太地区Asian-Pacific region
建交establishment of diplomatic relations between
互访exchange of visit
外交政策foreign policy
一贯奉行in persistent pursuit of
平等互利equality and mutual benefit
双边关系bilateral relations
持久和平lasting peace
二、政治词汇
贸易额trade volume
商业界business community
跨国公司transnational corporation
经济强国/经济大国/经济列强(视具体情况翻译)economic power
第三部分例句
1.我愿借此机会,代表我们代表团的全体成员,对我们东道主的诚挚邀请,表示真诚的谢意。
On the behalf of all the members of my mission, I would like to take this opportunity to express our sincere thanks to our host for their earnest invitation.
2.现在,我愉快地宣布第二十二届万国邮政联盟大会开幕。
Now, I have the pleasure to declare the 22nd Universal Postal Congress open.
3.我很荣幸地代表中国政府和人民向来自联合王国的代表团表示热烈的欢迎。
I have the honor to express this warm welcome on behalf of the Chinese Government and people to the delegation from the United Kingdom.
4.我谨向各位表示最热烈的欢迎。
I would like to extend my warmest welocme to all of you.
5.我预祝大会圆满成功!
I wish the conference a complete success!
高级口译笔记——外事接待(reception)
第一部分基本词汇
日程安排schedule
预订reserve
根据……的要求upon……request
专程造访come all the way
精心安排 a thoughtful arrangement
排忧解难help out
第二部分词语扩展
机场大楼terminal building
候机大厅waiting hall
起飞时间departure/take-off time
抵达时间arrival time
海关the Customs
往返票round-trip ticket
入境/出境/旅游签证entry/exit/tourist visa
免税商店duty-free shop
豪华套房luxury suite
单/双人房single/double room
第三部分例句
1. Y ou must be our long-expected gue st,……
2. Excuse me, I haven't had the honor of knowing you.
3. I'm glad to have the honor of introducing……
4. Small world, isn't it?
5. Thank you for coming all the way to our company.
6. I hop you'll enjoy your stay here.
7. host a receptipn banquet in your honor
高级口译笔记——称谓口译
一、以“总……”表示的首席长官,可选择general、chief、head这类词表示。
总书记general secretary
总工程师chief engineer
总会计师chief accountant
总经理general manager
总代理general agent
总教练head coach
二、一些行业的职称头衔,直接用“高级”或“资深”来表示,可用"senior"来称呼。
高级记者senior reporter
高级讲师senior lecturer
三、“首席”英语常用chief来表达。
首席执行官chief cxecutive officer(CEO)
首席顾问chief advisor
首席检察官chief inspector
四、还有一些高级职务带“长”字,例如:
参谋长chief of staff
护士长head nurse
秘书长secretary-general
五、以“副”字的表示副职的行政职务头衔,可用vice、deputy表达。
副总统vice president
副主席vice chairman
副总理vice minister
副秘书长deputy secretary-general
副书记deputy secretary
副市长deputy mayor
六、学术头衔的“副”职称,常用associate表示。
副教授associate professor
副研究员associate research fellow
副审判长associate judge
副主任医师associate doctor
七、学术头衔中的初级职称如“助理”,我们可以用assistant来称呼。
助理教授assistant professor
助理研究员assistant research fellow
助理工程师assistant engineer
八、一般说来,“代理”可译作acting,例如:
代理市长acting mayor
代理总理acting premier
代理主任acting director
九、常务”可以用“managing"表示。
常务理事managing director
常务副校长managing vice president
十、执行”可译作executive
执行秘书executive secretary
执行主席executive chairman
十一、还有很多称谓的英语表达方式难以归类,这就需要我们日积月累,逐步总结。
例如:办公室主任office manager
车间主任workshop manager
客座教授visiting professor
村长village head
税务员tax collector
股票交易员stock dealer
十二、最后是我们国家特有的一些荣誉称号的口译。
劳动模范model worker
优秀员工ortstanding employee
标兵pacemaker
三好学生"triple-A" outstanding student; outstanding student。