英语句子的成分及简单句的五种基本句式
英语简单句(句子成分+5大基本句型+句子结构)
• 6.Many teachers live in another city. 主+谓
1. He likes eggs, but he doesn’t like chickens. 并列句 2. Work hard or you will fall behind. 并列句
4. ---__________ weather it is! We can’t go boating on the Xuanwu Lake.
---Don’t worry. Let’s go to the Science Museum instead. A. What a bad B. How bad C. What bad
选择疑问句中一般用or连接，回答时不能使用 yes或no，而要用一个完整的句子或省略形式。
① —Do you like apples or pears? ② —Which would you like better, tea or coffee?
首页
目录
尾页
直击中考考点
◆反意疑问句
1. 反意疑问句的常见用法 (1) 反意疑问句遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”的原则。
意为“某人也一样”， 是表示肯定的倒装。 Ou Baizi passed this English exam, so did I .
欧百子通过了这次英语考试，我也通过了。 2. 易混句式：so+主语+助动词/系动词/情态动词。
意为“确实是……”。
—Ouyang Xue dances very well.欧阳雪舞跳得很好。
英语句子成分和简单句的五种基本句型
．
各个成分的功能
2．代词充当主语。如： It rains quite often in spring．
3 数词充当主语。如： Two plus two makes four． Five will be enough．
4．名词化的形容词或-ed分词充当主语。 如： The disabled are well taken care of．
I heard the boy crying. He left the girl in the room.
八、 同位语 在一个句子中, 一个名词或
代词, 或相当于名词的短语或 从句, 放在另一个名词或代词 之后, 用以说明它的性质或情 况, 被称为同位语(Appositive). 可作 同位语的通常有:
各个二、成谓分语的功能
二、谓语:说明主语做什么或怎么样。通常 由_动__词___ 充当.动词常分为实义动词,连系动 词,情态动词和助动词.
• 1. We love China. • 2. We have finished reading this book. • 3. He can speak English.
英语五co种nt基en本t 句型
4. S+V+ o + O 主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾
He brought you a dictionary. He showed me how to run the machine.
英语五co种nt基en本t 句型
5. S+V+O +C 主＋谓＋复合结构
They painted the door green. We saw him out. He asked me to get back soon.
九年级上册Revision module A英语句子成分及简单句的五种基本句型
英语句子成分和简单句的五种基本句型一.句子成分英语句子成分有主语，谓语，宾语，宾语补足语，表语，定语，状语等。
顺序一般是主语，谓语，宾语，宾语补足语，而表语，定语，状语的位置要根据情况而定。
1.主语：表示句子主要说明的人或事物，一般位于句首。
但在iherebe结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。
主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
例如：Country music has become more and more popular.（名词）We often speak English in class.（代词）One-third of the students in this class are girls.（数词）To swim in the river is a great pleasure.（不定式）Smoking does harm to the health.（动名词）The rich should help the poor.（名词化的形容词）What we are going to do has not been decided.（主语从句）It is necessary to master a foreign language. （it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）.谓语：谓语说明主语的动作，状态或特征。
可以有不同的时态，语态和语气。
1）简单谓语：We study for the people.2）复合i胃语：I can speak a little English. We are reading books. He has gone to Beijing.2.表语：它位于系动词（比如be）之后，说明主语身份，特征，属性或状态。
My sister is a nurse.（名词）Is it yours?（代词）The weather has turned cold.（形容词）The speech is exciting.（分词）Three times seven is twenty one.（数词）His job is to teach English.（不定式）His hobby is playing football.（动名词）The ruler must be in your box.（介词短语）Time is up. The class is over.（副词）The truth is that he has never been abroad.（表语从句）3.宾语：宾语表示动作行为的对象，跟在及物动词之后。
英语句子成分及简单句5种基本句型
英语句子成分及简单句5种基本句型一、英语句子成分根据英语词汇在英语句子中的地位和作用, 英语句子的成分可分为主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语、同位语及独立成分等。
其中，主语和谓语是句子的主要成分，一般情况下，一个句子不能缺少这两种成分。
现将不同句子成分的用法列举如下：1. 主语：表示句子所要说明或描述的人或事物，一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当，置于句首。
如：It's getting cold. 天冷起来了。
Now everything is ready. 现在一切都准备好了。
The teacher is very kind to us. 老师对我们很好。
2. 谓语：说明或描述主语的动作、状态或特征，由动词或动词短语充当，位于主语之后。
如：Mother bought me a birthday present. 妈给我买了个生日礼物。
We have finished our work already. 我们已经完成了工作。
3. 表语：表示主语的身份、性质、状态和特征，一般由名词、形容词、或相当于名词、形容词的词、短语或句子充当，位于系动词之后，形成英语独有的主系表结构。
如：Be careful! 小心!All the students are lovely. 所有的学生都很可爱。
He looks very angry. 他看上去很生气。
4. 宾语：指动作所涉及的人或事物，一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当，位于动词之后。
如：He wrote many plays. 他写了许多剧本。
She loves swimming. 她喜欢游泳。
5. 宾语补足语：用来对宾语进行补充和说明，一般由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语或非谓语动词充当。
如：He told us to stay. 他叫我们留下。
I've never seen her dancing. 我从未看见过她跳舞。
英语句子成分及五种简单句
*There be 结构: There be 表示‘存在有’。 这里的there没有实际意义, 不可与副词 ‘there那里’混淆。 此结构后跟名词, 表示 “(存在)有某事物”。
试比较: There is a boy there. (那儿有一个男孩) 前一个there无实意, 后一个there为副词‘那里’。
The food has turned bad.
第三类：表示保持状态的，有keep， remain， continue，stay等。
Keep quiet, children!
The weather continued fine for a long time.
It remains to be proved.
❖ 同位语 是在名词或代词之后,对其作进一步解释或
说明，在语法上处于同等地位。名词、代词、数词 、和从句等均可作同位语。如：
We students should study hard. (students是we 的同位语，都是指同一批‘学生’） We all are students. (all是we的同位语，都指 同样的‘我们’）
❖ 1) The new term begins on the 1st of September.
❖ 2) I would like to invite all my friends here. ❖ 5) He is working in the garden.
表语：是谓语的一部分，它位于系动词(如be,become)之后
基本句型: 句子谓语 动词都不能表达一个完整的意思, 必须加上 一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合 谓语, 才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做 连系动词。
系动词分两类: be, look, keep, seem等, 表情况; get, grow, become, turn等属另一类, 表变化。 be 本身没有什么意义, 只起连系主语和表语的 作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。
英语句子成分及简单句5种基本句型
英语句子成分及简单句5种基本句型英语句子成分及简单句5种基本句型一、英语句子成分根据英语词汇在英语句子中的地位和作用, 英语句子的成分可分为主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语、同位语及独立成分等。
其中，主语和谓语是句子的主要成分，一般情况下，一个句子不能缺少这两种成分。
现将不同句子成分的用法列举如下：1. 主语：表示句子所要说明或描述的人或事物，一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当，置于句首。
如：It's getting cold. 天冷起来了。
Now everything is ready. 现在一切都准备好了。
The teacher is very kind to us. 老师对我们很好。
2. 谓语：说明或描述主语的动作、状态或特征，由动词或动词短语充当，位于主语之后。
如：Mother bought me a birthday present. 妈给我买了个生日礼物。
We have finished our work already. 我们已经完成了工作。
3. 表语：表示主语的身份、性质、状态和特征，一般由名词、形容词、或相当于名词、形容词的词、短语或句子充当，位于系动词之后，形成英语独有的主系表结构。
如：Be careful! 小心!All the students are lovely. 所有的学生都很可爱。
He looks very angry. 他看上去很生气。
4. 宾语：指动作所涉及的人或事物，一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当，位于动词之后。
如：He wrote many plays. 他写了许多剧本。
She loves swimming. 她喜欢游泳。
5. 宾语补足语：用来对宾语进行补充和说明，一般由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语或非谓语动词充当。
如：He told us to stay. 他叫我们留下。
I've never seen her dancing. 我从未看见过她跳舞。
句子成分和简单句五种基本句型
状态：seem, appear, prove --感官：smell, feel, taste, sound, look --变化：become, gw --持续：remain, stay, keep, continue ---
其 它 系动词
Correct mistakes:
2.主语+不及物动词 ( S + Vi. )
Our school lies in the center of our city. You will graduate from it next year.
The car accident was happened yesterday.
注：不及物动词不能用于被动语态。
3.主语+及物动词+宾语（S+Vt+O） I like my job very much. Each of you has a dream . 注：及物动词可用于被动语态 People use a great deal of water in that city. （主动语态） A great deal of water is used by people in that city. （被动语态）
n/pron. V n./pron.
Adj. Adv.
n./adj. n./adj./ 9. Father asked me to turn off the TV. to do 主 谓 宾 宾补 /doing
含有一个主语（或并 列主语）和一个谓语（或 并列谓语）的句子 包含两个或两个以上 主谓结构的句子且句子之 间有并列连词and/but等或 用分号连接 包含一个主句和一个 从句或一个主句和多个从 句的句子，且从句用从属 连词引导
英语句子成分和简单句五种基本句型
1、要分析句子结构，先了解英语句子成分：英语常见的句子成分主要有：主语；谓语；宾语；表语；定语；状语；同位语；宾语补足语；主语补足语。
2、英语常用句子结构：简单句；并列句；复合句。
3、英语动词简单句的五种基本类型①主系表结构【I 主语】【am 谓语】【a sports fan表语】.【It 主语】【gets谓语】【colder 表语】【in winter 时间状语】.②主谓结构They left.③主谓宾结构【I 】【need】【your help】【It 】【depends on 】【the weather】④主谓双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语）结构【He 主语】【gave谓语】【me 间接宾语】【the book 直接宾语】【yesterday 时间状语】.⑤主谓复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语）结构【We主语】【made谓语】【him宾语】【monitor宾语补足语】【of our class.定语】4、句子成分划分举例：【I 主语】【live in 谓语】【Shijiazhuang 宾语】,【a city 同位语】【not far from Beijing 形容词短语，后置定语】. 【简单句】【The teachers 主语】【are 谓语】【enthusiastic and friendly表语】and 【the class rooms 主语】【are 谓语】【amazing表语】.and 连接的【并列句】【I 主语】【don't think 谓语】【( that )I will be bored in Ms Shen's class 宾语从句】. 宾语从句成分【I 主语】【will be 谓语】【bored 表语】【in Ms Shen's class 介词短语，状语】【The teacher主语】【is 谓语】【a very enthusiastic定语】【woman.表语】另外，建议：最好看看语法书。
英语简单句的5种基本类型
old boy
5.副词作定语(放在被修饰词之后): Do you know the young man over there? 6.介词短语作定语(放在被修饰词之 后): The students in our class like swimming.
Mr.Li is a good teacher.
连系 动词
The movie is interesting/wonderful.
主系表结构（S+V+P） 主语+系动词+表语
The flower looks beautiful.
He feels hungry.
狗 主语
人 主语
咬 谓语
咬 谓语
人。 宾语
狗。 宾语
主语Subject :
表示句子所说的是“什 么人”或“什么事物” 。
也就是动作的发出者。
一般由名词、代词或相 当于名词、代词的词或 短语等充当。
谓语Predicate :
说明主语“做什么”、 “是什么”或者“怎么 样”。
谓语（谓语部分里主要 的词）用动词。
宾语Object : 表示动作、行为的对象。
及物动词 see / hear / drank / eat
be (am / is /are / was / were) do / does / did have / has / had will / shall / be going to can / may / must / shall / need could / should / would / might have (has) to / had better
英语句子成分及简单句5种基本句型
英语句子成分及简单句5种基本句型一、英语句子成分根据英语词汇在英语句子中的地位和作用, 英语句子的成分可分为主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语、同位语及独立成分等。
其中，主语和谓语是句子的主要成分，一般情况下，一个句子不能缺少这两种成分。
现将不同句子成分的用法列举如下：1. 主语：表示句子所要说明或描述的人或事物，一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当，置于句首。
如：It's getting cold. 天冷起来了。
Now everything is ready. 现在一切都准备好了。
The teacher is very kind to us. 老师对我们很好。
2. 谓语：说明或描述主语的动作、状态或特征，由动词或动词短语充当，位于主语之后。
如：Mother bought me a birthday present. 妈给我买了个生日礼物。
We have finished our work already. 我们已经完成了工作。
3. 表语：表示主语的身份、性质、状态和特征，一般由名词、形容词、或相当于名词、形容词的词、短语或句子充当，位于系动词之后，形成英语独有的主系表结构。
如：Be careful! 小心!All the students are lovely. 所有的学生都很可爱。
He looks very angry. 他看上去很生气。
4. 宾语：指动作所涉及的人或事物，一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当，位于动词之后。
如：He wrote many plays. 他写了许多剧本。
She loves swimming. 她喜欢游泳。
5. 宾语补足语：用来对宾语进行补充和说明，一般由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语或非谓语动词充当。
如：He told us to stay. 他叫我们留下。
I've never seen her dancing. 我从未看见过她跳舞。
英语句子成分和五个基本句型'
句子是写作的基本单位，只有写好句子才有可 能写好文章。英语的句子成分有八种：
主语、谓语动词、表语、宾语、 定语、状语、主语补足语和宾语补足语。
●学会判断句子成分对以后学习难句奠定了基础。
英语句子的构成也有其特定的规律，掌握了句子 的基本句型、常见句式和词语的习惯搭配， 就能写出完整、正确的句子。
(四) 挑出下列句中的宾语
① My brother hasn't done his homework.
② People all over the world speak English.
③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.
④ How many new words did you learn last class?
（四）宾语 表示动作的对象，是动作的承受者。宾语一 动词/动词短语 之后。_____ 介词 词后也会跟宾语。 般放在___________
She covered her face with her hands. 名词 n We haven't seen her for a long time. 代词 pron 动名词 Do you mind opening the window? Give me four please. 代词和数词 He wants to dream a nice dream. to do不定式 We need know what others are doing. 句子 We should care more about our friends. 介词+名词
二.五种简单句基本句型
主语+系+表语 主语+谓语
英语的句子成分及五大基本句型
整理课件
宾语：宾语是行为动作的对象，一般为动词宾语，充当宾语的 可以是名词、代词、动名词、动词不定式或整个句子。
如： I like it. 我喜欢它。 I like Chinese food. 我喜欢中国菜。 I enjoyed talking to you. 我和你谈话很高兴。 He certainly did not want to join them. 他确实不想参加他们的活动。 We hoped that all would come well. 我们希望一切都会好转。
7
表语：说明主语的身份和情况。(跟在系动词后。）一般由名词、 形容词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动词ing形式、过去分词、 副词、介词短语、名词从句充当。
如：
Hale Waihona Puke Time is money.
They are brother and sister. 他们是兄妹。
整理课件
What I want to say is this. 我想说的就是这点。
This dog is frightening. 这条狗令人害怕。（说明狗的特征）
This dog is frightened. 这条狗有些害怕。（说明狗的状态）
The sun is up.太阳升起来了。
This is what he said.这就是他所说的话。
8
定语：定语为句子的次要成分，起修饰限制名词或代词的作用，
The teacher left. 老师离开了。 All the children laughed. 所有的孩子都笑了。
整理课件
基本句型二：Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｐ.（主＋系＋表） 这种句型结构主要指谓 语动词为连系动词的情况。
英语句子成分及简单句的五种基本句型
各个成分的功能
I consider your brother a clever boy.
I found the classroom empty.
I saw him enter the room.
I believe him to be honest.
I heard the boy crying. He left the girl in the room.
Tom is in Shanghai now.
g. 从句
The question is why we should put off the meeting.
五、 定语:(attribute)
修饰主语、宾语和表语
形容词、名词、不定式、分词、介词短语、数 词、代词、句子等都可以用来充当定语。在翻 译时往往译为 “……的”
Add your title 看起来，似乎
Add your title 感官系动词
变得
go, come, run
a.名词 His father is a teacher. b. 代词 This book is mine. c. 形容词或分词短语 The leaves turn yellow in autumn. The teacher was satisfied with your work. The story is very interesting.
各个成分的功能
情态动词和助动词不能单独充当谓语, 必须和实义动词或系动词一起构成谓语.
△
They can speak English well. They will go there tomorrow.
各个成分的功能
三、宾语 宾语(object)表示动作的承受者，在句中一 般放在及物动词之后。 宾语的主要类型：名词、代词、副词、不 定式、-ing分词、从句等。(能做主语的词) 1．名词充当宾语。如： Dry wood catches fire easily． 2．代词充当宾语。如： We can invite them to our party．
高中英语句子成分和简单句的五种基本句型
基本句型5
Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｏ +Ｃ （主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）
此句型的句子的共同特点是： 动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟 一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思， 必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾 语，才能使意思完整。
Ｓ 1. We 2. They 3. They 4. They 5. What 6. We 7. He 8. I
2) SVP 主语＋谓语＋表语
eg. The plan sounds perfect. Frank is an artist.
3) SVO 主语＋谓语＋宾语
eg. I saw a bird. My sister enjoyed the play.
简单句的五种句型
4）SVOiOd 主语＋谓语+间接宾语＋直接宾语
1.
及物动词和不及物动词
及物动词是后面可以直接跟宾语的动词:
see / hear / drank / eat / …
I
saw him last week. We heard the bad news yesterday. They eat bread every day. He drank a glass of milk just now.
Ｖ（及物） Ｏ（宾语） keep painted call found makes saw asked saw the table the door supper the house him him me them
Ｃ（宾补） clean. green. dinner. dirty. sad? out. to come back soon. getting on the bus.
系动词（必背）
be
(am is are was were) / seem / keep /…是/好象(似乎)是/保持 / feel / taste / smell / sound / …看/感觉/尝/闻/听起来(上去) 感官 动词 / turn / get / grow / …变得
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
英语句子的成分及简单句的五种基本句式Ⅰ. ▲句子成分分类1．主语:主语是谓语讲述的对象，表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。
一般由名词、代词、不定代词或相当于名词的单词或短语来充当，也有从句充当的现象。
大多数主语都在句首。
如：We didn’t have enough time to think about problems by ourselves. We had to do muchhomework after class. She enjoys reading books and listening to music.Every coin has two sides（任何事物都有两面性）Three are enough.To spit in public is not polite. What to do next is not clear.Seeing English films is a good way to learn English well.Shopping on line has many advantages.What we need is food.▲在个别句型中，主语在整个句子后面，这时前面用it作形式主语。
如：It took two workers about three months to build the house.I t’s our duty to protect the environment.It’s very exciting not to have extra classes on holidays.It is important for us to obey traffic rules.On the other hand, there are some disadvantages to go online2．谓语:谓语时用来说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么样”，谓语必须是动词，谓语和主语在“人称”和“数”两方面必须一致。
如：She gets on/along well with（与。
相处的很好）her friends.She enjoys reading books and listening to musicwe can also take some exercise together to keep fit/ keep healthy/ be in good health(为了身体的健康).Huaguo Mountain is a famous tourist attraction in Lianyungang.Our after—school activities are very colorful, such as playing balls, singing, dancing, drawing and so on（等等）.Great changes have taken place since 60 years ago.But a few years ago, a lot of bad behaviors happened quite often during the travel. My money has run out.3.表语:表语说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”，由名词、形容词、介词、副词、不定式及相当于名词的词或短语来充当，它的位置在系动词后面。
⑴、系动词的分类：第一类：表示特征或状态的，有be，look/seem/appear，feel，smell，taste，sound，You don’t look very well. The skirt feels soft.The music sounds beautiful. The roses smell sweet. Mrs. Li was a strict but kind teacher. 第二类：表示从一种状态到另一种状态的变化，有become，get，grow，turn，fall，go，come等。
He became a world-famous scientist.It is getting warmer and warmer.If you study hard, your dream will come true.As soon as she got home, she fell asleep.第三类：表示保持状态的，有keep，remain，stay。
Please remain seated and the plane is taking off.⑵The news was surprising. My mom is friendly, wise and patient.His job is teaching English.（动名词）In his opinion（他认为）, the best ways are reading English newspapers and talking with friends.（动名词）The only way is to give the child more help.（不定式）The best way to learn English is to use it.This is why he was late.（从句）4．宾语:宾语是动作、行为的对象，由名词、代词、不定式、或相当于名词的词或短语或从句来充当，它和谓语动词一起说明主语是什么，通常放在谓语动词，介词的后面。
有时，会有双宾语。
如：名词作宾语He never forgives others for their mistakes.代词做宾语He often helps me.不定式作宾语He likes to sleep in the open air.动名词作宾语The Americans enjoyed living in China.Thanks for inviting me to your dinner.What about going out for a walk?I am looking forward to meeting you.I am used to living in the city.从句做宾语I believe that they can finish the work in time.I don’t know if there is going to be rain tomorrow.Can you tell me when he will come ?5．宾语的补足语在英语的句子中有些句子里只有宾语并不能表达完整的意思，还必须在宾语后面加上宾语的补足语才能表达完整的意思。
名词、动词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、现在分词、过去分词都可以作宾语补足语.如:名词作宾补If you let me go, I’ll make you king.形容词作宾补Don’t make your hands dirty.Mr. Wang can make his class interesting and lively.副词作宾补We found Li Ming out when we arrived.介词短语作宾补Make yourself at home. We regard him as our good friend省略to的不定式作宾补I saw a girl go into the building.带to的不定式作宾补The boy ordered the dog to lie down.现在分词作宾补The boss kept them working all day.过去分词作宾补Yesterday he got his leg broken.在英语中,常见的“宾语＋宾语补足语”的结构有：▲“宾语+名词”。
常用于该结构的动词有：call, name, make, find, think,等。
We call him Jack.They made Li Lei their monitor.形式宾语＋名词I think it a good idea to listen to more English songs.I think it our duty to protect the environment.▲“宾语+形容词”。
常见的动词有think, believe, leave, make, keep, turn, 等。
如：Do you think his idea wrong?We must keep our classroom clean.We can’t leave him alone.Can you get everything ready for the party before Friday?▲“宾语+副词”。
副词作宾补常表示宾语的状态。
常见的副词有：down, up, here, there, home, in, out, anywhere等。
如：Let him in/ out.Mr. Li drove us home.When got there, we found him out.▲“宾语+不定式”。
充当宾补的不定式有三种：A 要求带to的不定式The cool water of the lake invited us to swim.When I failed an exam, you encouraged me to be confident and keep trying.B 要求不带to 的不定式let, make, have, see, hear, watch, notice, find等The boss made the workers work 12 hours a day.I often hear him read English in his room.C 单词help 后可加to 或不加toShe sometimes helps her mother (to) do housework.▲“宾语+现在分词”。
现在分词作宾补，此时在该句型中的宾语即为现在分词逻辑上的主语，有着主谓关系。
I saw them playing on the playground.I heard Mary singing in the classroom.▲“宾语+过去分词”。
宾语和宾补之间是被动关系，过去分词表示被动和完成。
I had my bike stolen.The teacher explained again and again to make himself understood.▲形式宾语＋形容词We found it impossible to get there before Saturday.I think it important to study English well.6．定语：定语用来修饰名词或代词。