职称英语讲义5

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职称英语考试常用语法详解(共六讲48页)

职称英语常用语法详解第一讲词类、名词的数与格一、词类：英语中主要有：名词、动词、形容词、副词、介词、连接词、冠词等。

对于初学者，必须搞清。

1、名词（包括代词和数词）：在句子中作主语、宾语、表语和另一名词的形容词。

2、动词：见第二讲3、形容词：可在句子中作表语、名词的定语注意：以下-ly结尾的词不是副词，是形容词： friendly （友好的） lovely（可爱的） deadly（致命的） costly（昂贵的） likely（可能的） lonely（孤独的） alone （单独的） lively（活泼的） ugly （丑陋的） kindly（和蔼的） manly（男子气的）等4、副词：主要用来说明动词、形容词和副词本身。

注意：除了in, up, down, on, inside, outside. 等只有一些表示方向和位置的副词外，副词不能作表语。

例如：Please help me water these flowers when I am out. （我不在时请帮我浇浇花。

）5、介词：又称前置词，即放在名词前面的"小词".注意：1）介词后面一定是个名词（除习惯外），例如不能说：because of ill，而应该为：because of illness；2）介词后面不能跟that从句，即只能跟名词或带-wh开头的从句，这是英语语法的一条重要规则，如不能说：He did not come to the party because of he was ill. 但可以是：She got angry because of what he said. （她因他的话而生气了。

）6、连接词：用来连接两个或两个以上词或句子的词。

注意：英语中一般不能同时使用两个连接词，如不能说：Although he is very rich, but he is not happy. （只要将although 或but去掉一个即可）关于连接词的使用，详见"第三讲：句子的连接"一节。

职称英语基础班讲义

职称英语基础班讲义Ability is not the only criterion, but character is the criterion.第一部分词汇选项综合类2003年——综合A1、The price of vegetables fluctuates according to the weather．A jumpsB risesC fallsD changes2、Did you do that to irritate herA teaseB attractC annoyD protect3、Mary looked pale and weary．频率4次A illB tiredC worriedD peaceful4 、The water in this part of the river has been contaminated by sewage污水．A pollutedB downgradedC mixedD blackened5 、Her treatment of the subject is exhaustive．A very boringB very thoroughC very interestingD very touching6 、Alice is a fascinating girl．A a beautifulB a prettyC an attractiveD a pleasant7 、Her mood can be gauged by her reaction to the most trivial of incidents.A displayedB shownC provedD assessed8 、The old lady let her flat to an English couple.A offeredB rentedC providedD sold9 、She stood there crying and trembling with fear．A shakingB staggeringC strugglingD murmuring10 、They strolled around the lake for an hour or so．A ranB rolledC walkedD raced11 、The conclusion can be deduced from the premises．频率2次A arguedB derivedC permittedD come12 、I can no longer tolerate his actions. 频率3次A put up withB acceptC takeD suffer from13 、Our plan is to allocate one member of staff to handle appointments.A askB persuadeC assignD order14 、She has been the subject of massive media coverage.A extensiveB negativeC responsiveD explosive15 、I expect that she will be able to cater for your particular needs．A supplyB reachC provideD meet 2003年——综合B1、The high-speed trains can have a major impact on travel preferences. 频率6次A forceB influenceC surpriseD power2、Can you follow the plot 频率6次A changeB investigateC writeD understand3、Even in a highly modernized country, manual work is still needed. 频率6次A physicalB mentalC naturalD hard4、In the latter case the outcome can be serious indeed. 频率6次A resultB judgmentC decision Devent5 、Norman Blamey is an artist of deep convictions. 频率6次A statementsB beliefsC suggestions Dclaims6、Up to now, the work has been easy. 频率3次A SoB So longC So thatD So far7、The report advocated setting up day training colleges. 频率3次A supposedB excitedC suggestedD discussed8 、Accordingly, a number of other methods have been employed. 频率3次A ThereforeB AfterwardsC However DFurthermore9 、The outlook from the top of the mountain is breathtaking. 频率3次A viewB sightC lookD point10、Our lives are intimately bound up with theirs. 频率5次A tenselyB nearlyC carefully Dclosely11、The union representative put across her argument very effectively. 频率5次A explainedB inventedC considered Daccepted12 、He talks tough but has a tender heart. 频率5次A heavyB strongC kindD wild13 、It is no use debating the relative merits of this policy. 频率5次A makingB takingC discussingD expecting14、Our statistics show that we consume all that we are capable of producing. 频率5次A wasteB buyC useD sell15、The fuel tanks had a capacity of 140 liters. 频率5次A functionB abilityC power Dvolume2003年——综合C1、I am not certain whether he will come. 频率3次A determinedB sureC sorryD glad2、She seemed to have detected some anger in his voice. 频率3次A noticedB heardC realizedD got3、Please do not hesitate to call me if I can be of further assistance. 频率3次A contactB seeC helpD touch4、In short, I am going to live there myself. 频率3次A In other wordsB That is to sayC In a wordD To befrank5、He has trouble understanding that other people judge him by his socialskills and conduct. 频率3次A styleB behaviorC modeD attitude6、I had some difficulty in carrying out the plan. 频率3次A makingB keepingC changing Dimplementing7、Mr.Johnson evidently regarded this as a great joke. 频率3次A readilyB casuallyC obviouslyD simply8、We all think that Mary’s husband is a very boring person. 频率3次A shyB stupidC dullD selfish9、The workers in that factory manufacture furniture. 频率3次A promoteB paintC produceD polish10、They only have a limited amount of time to get their points across. 频率3次A largeB totalC small Dsimilar11、The high-speed trains can have a major impact on travel preferences. 频率6次A forceB influenceC surpriseD power12、Can you follow the plot 频率6次A changeB investigateC write Dunderstand13、Even in a highly modernized country, manual work is still needed. 频率6次A physicalB mentalC naturalD hard14、In the latter case the outcome can be serious indeed. 频率6次A resultB judgmentC decisionD event15、Norman Blamey is an artist of deep convictions. 频率6次A statementsB beliefsC suggestionsD claims2004年——综合A1、Mary has blended the ingredients．频率4次A mixedB madeC cookedD eaten2、They agreed to modify their policy．频率4次A clarifyB changeC defineD develop3、The economy continued to exhibit signs of decline in September. 频率6次A playB sendC showD tellA practicallyB considerablyC remarkablyD completely5、The dentist has decided to extract her bad tooth. 频率6次A take outB repairC push inD dig6、It is absurd to predict that the sun will not rise tomorrow．A ridiculousB funnyC oddD foolish7、A lot of people could fall ill after drinking contaminated water. 频率3次A muddiedB pollutedC mixedD troubled8、The room is dim and quiet．A tinyB pleasantC darkD agreeable9、The index is the government’s chief gauge of future economic activity. 频率6次A measureB opinionC evaluationD decision10、It’s prudent to start any exercise program gradually at first．A workableB sensibleC possibleD feasible11、He is renowned for his skill.A rememberedB praisedC recommendedD well-known12、You have to be patient if you want to sustain your position．频率3次A maintainB establishC acquireD support13、She stood there, trembling with fear. 频率3次A jumpingB cryingC swayingD shaking14、Medical facilities are being upgraded．频率3次A renewedB repairedC improvedD increased15、Mary looked pale and weary．频率4次A gloomyB uglyC sillyD exhausted2004年——综合B1、Have you talked to her lately 频率6次A lastlyB finallyC shortlyD recently2 、While we don’t agree,we continue to be friends.频率6次A BecauseB WhereC AlthoughD Whatever3、In judging our work you should take into consideration the fact that we have been very busy recently．A thoughtB accountC mindD brain 频率2次4、You must shine your shoes．频率2次A polishB clearC washD mend5、The policeman wrote down all the particulars of the accident.频率6次A secretsB detailsC benefitsD words6、I’m content with the way the campaign has gone.A tiedB satisfiedC filledD concerned7、This table is strong and durable．频率5次A long-lastingB extensiveC far reachingD eternal8、He endured agonies before he finally expired．频率5次A firedB resignedC diedD retreated9、The girl is gazing at herself in the mirror. 频率5次A staringB laughingC shoutingD smiling10、For urban areas this approach was wholly inadequate.A reallyB basicallyC fundamentallyD completely11、Mary has blended the ingredients．频率4次A mixedB madeC cookedD eaten12、They agreed to modify their policy．频率4次A clarifyB changeC defineD develop13、The economy continued to exhibit signs of decline in September．频率6次A playB sendC showD tell14、weekA practicallyB considerablyC remarkably Dfairly15、The dentist has decided to extract her bad tooth. 频率6次A take outB repairC push inD dig2004年——综合C1、We are sure that he will get over his illness．A certainB awareC happyD determined2、The policemen acted quickly because lives were at stake.A in despairB in dangerC in miseryD in pain3、If headaches only occur at night,lack of fresh air is often the cause．频率3次A startB beginC happenD visit4、The ice is not thick enough to bear the weight of a tank．频率3次A sufferB acceptC receiveD support5、A small number of firms have ceased trading.A completedB finishedC fulfilledD stopped6、She was sent a box of chocolates along with a letter saying she wasfired．A killedB shotC dismissedD murdered7、The mountains look glorious at sunrise．A invitingB magnificentC appealing Dpleasing8、It seems highly unlikely that she will pass the exam．频率3次A veryB completelyC usually Dmostly9、Their parents once lived under very severe conditions. 频率3次A soundB hardC strict Dtight10、Michael is now merely a good friend．频率3次A largelyB barelyC just Drarely★11、Have you talked to her lately 频率6次A lastlyB finallyC shortly Drecently★12、While we don’t agree,we continue to be friends．频率6次A BecauseB WhereC AlthoughD Whatever★13、In judging our work you should take into consideration the fact that wehave been very busy recently．A thoughtB accountC mindD brain 频率6次★14、You must shine your shoes．频率2次A polishB clearC wash Dmend★15、The policeman wrote down all the particulars of the accident．频率6次A secretsB detailsC benefits Dwords2005年——综合A1、These are the motives for doing it. 频率6次A reasonsB excusesC answersD replies2、The river widens considerably as it begins to turn west频率6次A extendsB stretchesC broadens Dbends3、Many economists have given in to the fatal lure of mathematics．频率4次A errorB puzzleC attractionD contradiction4、With immense relief I stopped running. 频率10次A noB 1ittleC scarceD enormous5、A great deal has been done to remedy the situation . 频率6次A maintainB improveC preserve Dprotect6、John is collaborating with Mary in writing an article. 频率3次A cooperatingB marryingC combiningD arguing7、He will consolidate his power．A strengthenB winC abandonD unite8、Many scientists have been probing psychological problems. 频率3次A solvingB exploringC settlingD handling9、Hearing problems may be alleviated by changes in diet and exercise habits．频率3次A removedB curedC treatedD lessened10、The conclusion can be deduced from the premises. 频率2次A goneB derivedC doneD come11、The food is insufficient for three people. 频率3次A scarceB shortC marginalD inadequate12、Most of the butterflies perish in the first frosts of autumn.A dieB disappearC migrateD vanish13、But ultimately he gave in．A undoubtedlyB certainlyC finallyD necessarily14、It is a complicated problem．A strangeB complexC difficultD unusual15、In Britain and many other countries appraisal is now a tool of management. 频率3次A evaluationB productionC efficiencyD publicity2005年——综合B1、It is obvious that he will win the game．频率6次A likelyB possibleC clearD probable2、The earth moves around the sun．频率3次A beforeB roundC afterD over3、Did anyone call when l was out 频率3次A everyoneB someoneC nobodyD anybody4、It took us a long time to mend the house．频率6次A buildB destroyC designD repair5、I don’t quite follow what she is saying．频率6次A observeB understandC explainD describe6、We can no longer tolerate his actions．频率3次A put up withB acceptC takeD receive7、Loud noises can be irritating．频率3次A hatefulB painfulC stimulatingD annoying8、In the background was that eternal hum. 频率2次A longB never-endingC boring Dextensive9、The Constitution’s vague nature has given it the flexibility to beadapted when circumstances change.A impreciseB apparentC clearD easy 频率2次10、Gambling is lawful in Nevada．频率3次A enjoyableB irresistibleC legalD profitable★11、These are the motives for doing it. 频率6次A reasonsB excusesC answersD replies★12、The river widens considerably as it begins to turn west. 频率6次A extendsB stretchesC broadensD bends★13、Many economists have given in to the fatal lure of mathematics．频率4次A errorB puzzleC attractionD contradiction★14、With immense relief I stopped running．频率10次A noB littleC scarceD enormous★15、A great deal has been done to remedy the situation. 频率6次A maintainB improveC preserve Dprotect2005年——综合C1、She is sick．频率3次A fatB weakC illD mad2、Mary is looking for the book she lost yesterday.A trying to findB looking upC looking atD finding3、I rarely wear a raincoat because I spend most of my time in a carA normallyB seldomC frequentlyD usually4、He is a physicianA researcherB professorC doctorD student5、An important part of the national government is the Foreign Service,abranch of theDepartment of State．A treeB divisionC rootD leaf6、Mary gets up at six o’clock every morning．A risesB standsC arrivesD comes7、Although I sympathize．I can’t really do very much to help.A BecauseB SinceC ThoughD For8、Mary has made up her mind not to go to the meeting.A triedB promisedC decidedD attempted9、I remember lots of thingsA muchB largeC bigD many10、She will be pleased to meet you．频率3次A angryB happyC sadD unwilling★11、It is obvious that he will win the game．频率6次A likelyB possibleC clearD probable★12、The earth moves around the sun．频率3次A beforeB roundC afterD over★13、Did anyone call when I was out 频率3次A everyoneB someoneC nobody Danybody★14、It took us along time to mend the house. 频率6次A buildB destroyC designD repair★15、I don’t quite follow what she is saying．频率6次A observeB understandC explain Ddescribe2006年——综合A1、She was a puzzle. 频率6次A girlB womanC mysteryD problem2、Her speciality is heart surgery. 频率6次A regionB siteC platformD field3、France has kept intimate links with its former African territories. 频率6次A privateB friendlyC strongD secret4、You should have blended the butter with the sugar thoroughly. 频率6次A mixedB spreadC beatenD covered5、The industrial revolution modified the whole structure of English society. 频率6次A destroyedB brokeC changedD smashed6、Tickets are limited and will be allocated to those who apply first. 频率3次A postedB sentC handedD given7、The change in that village was miraculous. 频率3次A amazingB conservativeC insignificantD unforgettable8、Customers often defer payment for as long as possible. 频率3次A makeB demandC obtainD postpone9、Canada will prohibit smoking in all offices later this year. 频率3次A removeB banC eliminateD expel10、She read a poem which depicts the splendor of the sunset. 频率3次A declaresB assertsC announcesD describes11、From my standpoint, this thing is just ridiculous. 频率3次A point of viewB fieldC knowledgeD information12、The latest census is encouraging. 频率3次A statementB assessmentC countD evaluation13、The curious looks from the strangers around her made her feel uneasy. 频率3次A differentB proudC unconsciousD uncomfortable14、Reading the job ad, he wondered whether he was eligible to apply for it. 频率3次A ableB fortunateC competentD qualified15、He was elevated to the post of prime minister. 频率3次A promotedB pulledC liftedD treated2006年——综合B1、She was close to success. 频率6次A fastB quickC nearD tight2、The two girls look alike. 频率6次A beautifulB similarC prettyD attractive3、The boy is intelligent. 频率6次A cleverB naughtyC difficult Dactive4、Everybody was glad to see Mary back . 频率6次A sorryB sadC angry Dhappy5、What is your goal in life 频率6次A planB aimC arrangementD idea6、Jack is a diligent student. 频率4次A hardworkingB ambitiousC lazyD slow7、Mary said mildly, that she was just curious. 频率3次A gentlyB shylyC weaklyD wildly8、Practically all animals communicate through sounds. 频率3次A ClearlyB AlmostC Absolutely DBasically9、The story was very touching. 频率3次A inspiringB boringC movingD absorbing10、I wasn't qualified for the job really, but I got it anyhow. 频率3次A somehowB anywayC anywhereD somewhere★11、She was a puzzle. 频率6次A girlB womanC problemD mystery★12、Her speciality is heart surgery. 频率6次A regionB siteC fieldD platform★13、France has kept intimate links with its former African territories. 频率6次A friendlyB privateC strongD secret★14、You should have blended the butter with the sugar thoroughly. 频率6次A spreadB mixedC beatenD covered★15、The industrial revolution modified the whole structure of English society. 频率6次A destroyedB brokeC smashedD changed2006年——综合C★1、She was close to success. 频率6次A fastB quickC nearD tight★2、The two girls look alike. 频率6次A beautifulB similarC prettyD attractive ★3、The boy is intelligent. 频率6次A cleverB naughtyC difficultD active★4、Everybody was glad to see Mary back. 频率6次A sorryB sadC angryD happy★5、What is your goal life 频率6次A planB aimC arrangementD idea6、Jack was dismissed. 频率3次A firedB finedC exhausted Dcriticized7、John is crazy about pop music. 频率3次A sorryB madC concernedD worried8、It is the movement, not the color, of objects that excites the bull. 频率3次A frightensB scaresC arousesD confuses★9、It is highly unlikely that she will arrive today. 频率3次A probablyB veryC hardly Dpossibly10、I am feeling a lot more healthy than I was. 频率3次A manyB noC muchD some11、Since ancient times people have found various ways to preserve meat. 频率3次A eatB cookC freezeD keep12、We packed up the things we had accumulated 积累 over the last three yearsand left.频率3次A lateB recentC pastD final13、The expedition reached the summit at 10:30 that morning. 频率3次A bottom of the mountainB foot of the mountainC top of the mountainD starting point14、There is always excitement at the Olympic Games when an athlete breaks aprevious record of performance.A beatsB destroysC maintainsD defends 频率4次15、The president proposed that we should bring the meeting to a close. 频率4次A statedB saidC suggestedD announced2007年——综合A1、The news will horrify everyone. 频率6次A. attractB.terrifyC.temptD.excite2、The article sketchedthe major events of the decade. 频率6次A.describedB.offeredC.outlinedD.presented3、I won’t toleratethat kindof behavior. 频率6次A.bearB.acceptC.admitD.take4、Their style of playing football isutterly different. 频率6次A.barelyB.scarcelyC.hardlyD.totally5、Her sister urgedher to apply for the job. 频率6次A.advisedB.causedC.forcedD.promised6、Even sensible men do absurdthings. 频率3次A.unusualB.ridiculousC.specialD.typical7、She bumped into her boyfriend in town this morning. 频率3次A.walkedB.cameC.fledD.ran8、This sort of thing is bound to happen. 频率3次A.sureB.quickC.fastD.swift9、At the age of 30, Hersey suddenly became a celebrity. 频率3次A.bossB.managerC.starD.dictator10、He cannot discriminate between a good idea and a bad one. 频率3次A.judgeB.assessC.distinguishD.recognize11、They are concerned for the fate of the forest and the Indians who dwellin it. 频率3次A.liveB.sleepC.hideD.gather★12、The index is the government’s chief gauge of future economic activity.频率6次A.methodB.measureC.wayD.manner13、The architecture is harmonious and no building is over six-storey high. 频率3次A.old-fashionedB.traditionalC.conventionalD.balanced14、The food is inadequatefor ten people. 频率3次A.demandedB.qualifiedC.insufficientD.required15、She perseveredin her ideas despite obvious objections raised by friends. 频率3次A.persistedB.insistedC.resistedD.suggested2007年——综合B1、I have been trying to quit smoking. 频率6次A.give upB.pick upC.build upD.take up2、Relief workers were shocked by what they saw. 频率6次A.movedB.touchedC.surprisedD.worried3、A.questionB.problemC.titleD.topic4、This is not typical of English,but is a feature of the Chinese language. 频率6次A.particularB.characteristicC.remarkableD.idiomatic5、It is virtually impossible to persuade him to apply for the job. 频率6次A.simplyB.almostC.totallyDpletely6、These are defensive behavior patterns which derivefrom our fears. 频率3次A.stemB.relyC.developD.grow7、Only a small minority of the mentally ill are liable to harm themselves or others. 频率3次A.easyB.possibleC.likelyD.difficult8、They have the capabilityto destroy the enemy in a few days. 频率3次A.possibilityB.necessityC.abilityD.probability9、We have never seen such gorgeous hills. 频率3次A.beautifulB.stretchingC.spreadingD.rolling10、The leaves have been swept into huge heaps. 频率3次A.loadsyersC.pyramidsD.piles★11、The news will horrify everyone. 频率6次A.attractB.terrifyC.temptD.excite★12、The article sketched the major events of the decade. 频率6次A.describedB.offeredC.outlinedD.presented★13、I won’t tolerate that kind of behavior. 频率6次A.bearB.receiveC.admitD.take ★14、Their style of playing football is utterly different. 频率6次A.barelyB.scarcelyC.hardlyD.totally★15、Her sister urged her to apply for the job. 频率6次A.advisedB.causedC.forcedD.promised 2007年——综合C1、At midnight,we were aroused by a knock at the door. 频率3次A.irritatedB.awakenedC.arisenD.annoyed2、She was awarded a prize for the film. 频率3次A.givenB.rewardedC.sentD.reminded3、Smoking will be banned in all public places here. 频率3次A.forbiddenB.allowedC.permittedD.promoted4、That guy is intelligent but a bit dull. 频率3次A.strangeB.specialC.quietD.boring★5、She is a highly successful teacher. 频率3次A.fairlyB.ratherC.veryD.moderately6、We should not sacrifice environmental protections to foster economic growth. 频率3次A.reduceB.promoteC.realizeD.give7、There is a growing gap between the rich and the poor. 频率3次A.conflictB.tensionC.gulfD.confrontation8、I am very grateful to you for your assistance. 频率3次A.helpfulB.hopefulC.pitifulD.thankful9、You will be meeting her presently. 频率3次A.shortlyB.currentlytelyD.probably10、Attitudes to mental illness have shifted in recent years. 频率3次A.displayedB.shownC.changedD.demonstrated★11、I have been trying to quit smoking. 频率6次A.give upB.pick upC.build upD.take up★12、Relief workers were shocked by what they saw. 频率6次A.movedB.touchedC.surprisedD.worried★13、The weather is a constant subject of conversation in Britain. 频率6次A.questionB.problemC.titleD.topic★14、This is not typical of English,but is a feature of the Chinese language.频率6次A.particularB.characteristicC.remarkableD.idiomatic★15、It is virtually impossible to persuade him to apply for the job. 频率6次A.simplyB.almostC.totallyDpletely2008年——综合A★1、With immense relief, I stopped running. 频率10次A someB enormousC littleD extensive2、The scientists began to accumulate data. 频率6次A collectB handleC analyzeD investigate3、Jack eventually overtook the last truck. 频率6次A hitB passedC reachedD led4、Sometimes it is advisable to book hotels in advance. 频率6次A possibleB profitableC easyD wise5、The reason for their unusual behavior remains a puzzle. 频率7次A factB mysteryC statementD game6、That guy is really witty. 频率3次A smartB uglyC honorableD popular7、The world champion suffered a sensational defeat. 频率3次A reasonableB dramaticC humiliatingD horrifying8. It seems that only Mary is eligible for the job. 频率3次A preparedB trainedC qualifiedD guided9、This poem depicts the beautiful scenery of a town in the South. 频率3次A praisesB writesC imitatesD describes10、The meaning is still obscure. 频率3次A vagueB transparentC alienD significant11、Dumped waste might contaminate water supplies. 频率3次A destroyB decreaseC delayD pollute12、One theory postulates that the ancient Filipinos came from India and Persia. 频率3次A assumesB expectsC predictsD considers13、It is very difficult for a child to adhere to rules. 频率3次A rememberB followC understandD learn14、I hope that I didn’t do anything absurd last night. 频率3次A awkwardB strangeC stupidD awful15、There should be laws that prohibit smoking around children. 频率3次A forbidB advocateC inheritD withdraw2008年——综合B1、She found me very dull. 频率5次A. dirtyB. sleepyC. lazyD. boring2、The President made a brief visit to Beijing. 频率5次A. shortB. workingC. formalD. secret3、He was persuaded to give up the idea. 频率5次A. mentionB. acceptC. considerD. drop4、Jack consumes a pound of cheese a day. 频率6次A. eatsB. drinkC. buysD. produces5、Mary just told us a very fascinating story. 频率6次A. strangeB. frighteningC. difficultD. interesting6、It's a gorgeous day anyway. 频率3次A. lovelyB. coldC. normalD. rainy7、Her life is becoming more diverse.频率3次A. generousB. humorousC. variedD. romantic8、Foreign military aid was prolonging the war. 频率3次A. broadeningB. worseningC. extendingD. accelerating9、She was unwilling to go but she had no choice 频率3次A. unableB. indecisiveC. readyD. reluctantl0、She is slender, with delicate wrists and ankles. 频率3次A. sickB. weakC. slimD. pale★11、With immense relief, I stopped running. 频率10次A. someB. enormousC. littleD. extensive ★12、The scientists began to accumulate data. 频率6次A. collectB. handleC. analyzeD. investigate★13、Jack eventually overtook the last truck. 频率6次A. hitB. passedC. reachedD. led★14、Sometimes it is advisable to book hotels in advance. 频率6次A. possibleB. profitableC. easyD. wise★15、The reason for their unusual behavior remains a puzzle. 频率7次A. factB. mysteryC. statementD. game2008年——综合C1、We’ll give every teacher room for development. 频率3次A. placeB. employmentC. houseD. space2、The policeman asked him to identify the thief. 频率3次A. describeB. nameC. captureD. call3、We were all there when the accident occurred. 频率3次。

2013职称英语_基础班_语法详解课程讲义

目录一、语法知识点介绍 (3)（一）语法知识点介绍 (3)二、谓语动词 (4)（一）谓语动词的时态（一） (4)（二）谓语动词时态（二） (6)（三）谓语动词的时态（三） (8)（四）谓语动词的语态 (10)（五）谓语动词的语序 (12)（六）谓语动词的主谓一致 (13)（七）用字典查谓语动词（一） (14)（八）用字典查谓语动词（二） (15)三、非谓语动词 (18)（一）非谓语动词的有关知识 (18)（二）非谓语动词的练习题（一） (19)（三）非谓语动词的练习题（二） (21)四、名词 (24)（一）名词的知识讲解 (24)（二）名词有关的练习词： (25)五、代词 (27)（一）代词的知识讲解 (27)（二）代词有关的练习题 (28)六、形容词、副词 (31)（一）形容词、副词知识点 (31)（二）形容词副词练习题（一） (32)（三）形容词、副词练习题（二） (33)七、数词 (34)（一）知识点及练习题 (34)八、介副词 (35)（一）介副词知识点及练习题（一） (35)（二）介副词的知识点及其练习题（二） (37)（三）平行结构知识点 (38)（四）重要句型 (39)（五）重要句型练习题 (39)九、从句 (40)（一）状语从句 (40)（二）定语从句 (41)（三）宾语从句 (41)十、句子结构 (42)（一）主语和谓语 (42)（二）宾语和表语 (44)（三）练习题 (46)一、语法知识点介绍（一）语法知识点介绍职称英语中的语法知识点和语法知识直接有关系的题型：1、完形填空；2、完成句子；3、阅读判断4、阅读理解5、补全短文一、动词1、谓语动词（1）时态一般现在时：句子中谓语动词出现动词原形，does, 第三人称单数形式或am/is/are. 一般过去时：谓语动词为过去式：动词+ed，动词的不规则变化，was/were一般将来时：will do过去将来时：would do现在进行时：am/is /are doing过去进行时：was/were doing现在完成时：have/has done(过去分词)过去完成时：had done(2)语态——主动语态和被动再说吧态被动语态的基本形式：一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are+done一般过去时的被动语态：was/were+done一般将来时的被动语态：will be done过去将来时的被动语态：would be done现在完成时的被动语态：have/has been done过去完成时的被动语态：had been done含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be done(can/may/must…)（3）语序（倒装句）Only+状语+be/情态动词/助动词+主语…否定副词+be/情态动词/助动词+主语…（4）主谓一致主语和谓语动词在量方面保持一致(完形填空和完成句子)名语：不可数名词is可数名词+s are量词：few+可数名词复数谓语动词：are+名词复数A great deal of2、非谓语动词（1）非谓语动词的形式：To doDoDoingDone(2)特殊的动词使，让Look forward to 盼望+doing/名词3、利用字典查答案二、名词和量词1、名词的标志（完形填空和完成句子）2、量词和名词或谓语动词有关A lot of /lots of /some/ any / a great deal of /few/ a few/ little /a little三、形容词或副词级的问题原级比较级最高级四、从句状语从句定语从句宾语从句主语从句同位语从句从句的标志五、句子的结构主、谓、宾1、主语的表达形式2、宾语的表达形式3、定语二、谓语动词（一）谓语动词的时态（一）课程介绍1、完形填空需要现在开始讲的知识点2、概括大意中的完成句子也用到这个知识点。

概括大意与完成句子--职称英语考试辅导《综合类》第三部分讲义5

正保远程教育旗下品牌网站美国纽交所上市公司(NYSE:DL)职业培训教育网职业人的网上家园职称英语考试辅导《综合类》第三部分讲义5概括大意与完成句子4.问句不是主题句，需参考问答来确定主题例1：So who decides which names are used each year? The World Meteorological Organization uses six lists in rotation, so each list is reused every six years.（2006）A.Reason for naming hurricaneB.Warming of an approaching hurricaneC.Deadly womenD.History of naming hurricanesanization responsible for naming hurricanesF.Ways to track hurricanes[答疑编号505916030701]【答案】E例2：That leads to another question.Why does anyone wear a tie? Ties serve no purpose.They do not cover any part of your body and keep you warm.They always seem to get covered in food stains.Perhaps that is the purpose of the tie.It lets everyone know what you just ate.（2007）A.Origin of the tieB.British tieselessness of the tieD.Old-fashioned tiesE.Role of the tieF.Signs of a tieless era老师手写内容：reason n. 原因use n. 使用purpose n. 目的，用途useless adj. 无用的useful adj. 有用的uselessness n. 无用，无效usefulness n. 有用，有效no purpose 没有目的[答疑编号505916030702]【答案】C例3：Is there a future for ties? The signs are not promising.Many political leaders, including British Prime Minister Tony Blair, now go without ties.A.Origin of the tieB.British tieselessness of the tieD.Old-fashioned tiesE.Role of the tie。

职称英语讲义

我想把一些港元换成美元
3. Hundreds of years ago cloves（丁香）were used to remedy headaches.
A) disrupt B) diagnose C) evaporate D) cure
答案及解析: D.解题思路：备选答案均为动词，关注原句中的宾语headaches（头痛）。解题思路：在习惯搭配上，B和D都可带“疾病类”的词作宾语，但头痛不用diagnose（诊断），却可cure（治疗）头痛，所以答案为D。
今日可做的事不要拖到明天。
put up with vt.忍受；忍耐；受苦
e.g. That woman, as a housewife, has a lot to put up with.
那个女人是个家庭主妇不得不忍受许多烦恼。
2. The fuel tanks had a capacity of 140 liters
1. The union representative put across her argument very effectively.
A. explained B. invented C. considered D. accepted
A.考察常见动词短语结构。解题思路：借助搭配结构解题
put across vt.解释；表达
Bearing: n.（与on, upon连用）关系
e.g. What they have done has no bearing on the promotion of sales.
他们所干的事情与这次促销活动毫无联系
5. was compelled to take in washing to help support her family.

职称英语串讲讲义(理工类)

目录
English Writing for Professional Titles in Science and Engineering English Simulation Test Questions and Analysis for Professional Titles in Science and Engineering
The ability to identify and understand specific details and information within the text.
The ability to make inferences and conclusions based on the information provided in the text.
Physics
force, mass, acceleration, velocity, momentum, potential energy, kinetic energy.
Chemistry
atom, molecule, ion, acid, base, salt, chemical reaction.
03
English Reading and Understanding of Professional Titles in Science and Engineering
Contextual Understanding
The ability to understand the context of the text, including the background, purpose, and setting of the topic.
02
English vocabulary for scientific and engineering professional titles

职称英语(卫生类)辅导讲义(五)

职称英语（卫生类）辅导讲义（五）词汇学习5一、语法：补全短文也是让考生觉得比较难的一部分试题。

除了考查把握文章结构、理解作者思路的能力、分析判断和阅读理解能力之外，还同时对基础知识的句法和词汇进行考查。

所以，我们要把握文章结构，理清逻辑关系、搞懂文章的脉络，熟练运用衔接手段补全短文。

补全短文分为三种类型：1.在句首：考查对主旨大意的掌握程度。

2.在句中：考查对上下文关系的理解力。

3.在句尾：考查对文章大意的概括能力。

二、解题思路：掌握大意--找关键词--定位答案--衔接句意三、实际操练：词汇学习5 (32)阅读判断第四篇Easy Learning (61)阅读判断第五篇Dangers Await Babies withAltitude (63)+ 概括大意与完成句子第十四篇A Baby'sGrowth (112)请看教材第33页词汇五1.All living organisms, regardless of （不论，不顾）their unique identity, have certain biological, chemical, and physical characteristics in common.a. as a result ofb. consideringc. on purposed. whatever2.The most pressing （紧迫的，有压力的）problem any economic system faces is how to use its scarce resources.a. puzzlingb. difficultc. terrifyingd. urgent3.The Klondike was the scene（事件发生的地点）of one of the biggest gold rushes the world has ever known.a. locationb. viewc. event4.Of the reptile groups, the snake group was the final （最后的）one to appear.a. lastb. bestc. ugliestd. longest5.Colleges and universities usually give diplomas or certificates to students who complete course requirements satisfactorily.（令人满意地，可以接受地）a. responsiblyb. acceptablyc. patientlyd. respectfully6.A will is a document written to ensure that the wishes of the deceased are realized.（实现，完成）a. fulfilledb. affiliatedc. advocatedd. received7.She has been the subject of massive （大规模的，大量的）media coverage.b. negativec. responsived. explosive8.The conference explored （调查，勘探）the possibility of closer trade links.a.rejectedb. investigatedc. proposedd. postponed+9. Experts generally agree that diet has an important bearing on（相关，有影响）one's health.a. resultb. factorc. caused. influence+10. I expect that she will be able to cater for （满足需要）your particular needs.a. meetb. reachc. provided. fill+11. John is collaborating with（合作，勾结）Mary in writing a book.a. cooperatingb mergingc. combiningd. associating+12. Mary lost control of her car and collided with （碰撞）a tree.a. came acrossb. ran intoc. metd. knocked+ 13. Mary was compelled （迫使）to take in washing to help support her family.a. pleadedb. appealedc. forcedd. instructed+14. The child couldn't comprehend （理解）the advanced textbook.a. interpretb. readc. understandd. translate+15. I warned him to keep the matter confidential.（机密的，秘密的）a. privateb. safec. personald. secret家庭作业：马上再看一遍，及时掌握、巩固所学词汇并理解句意。

职称英语--基础精讲班--语法词汇讲义[完整].

职称英语基础班语法词汇主讲：周洁欢迎使用新东方在线电子教材教材说明：本word讲义跟老师声音顺序完全配套参考教材蓝皮书：《全国职称英语考试历年真题与模拟试题汇编》经济科学出版社（2007年4月）语法词汇一、单项填空Practice 11．What's this ________ English? It's key.A withB inC forwith本身代表伴随状况，for本身的意思表示为了，但在职称当中往往结合一个时态来考。

当for和完成时态一起考时，会出现主语+have/has+done会出现两种情况：一种为since，另一种为for。

如果要是since首先要跟过去的时间点，第二要跟过去时的句子。

而for要求加一段时间。

例句：I have studied English since twothousand。

I have studied English since I was a child。

I have studied English for five years。

2．Don't be hard ________ that poor girl.A onB toC forbe hard on 对谁严厉，对谁无情3．Mary is ________ a visit ________ China.A on…atB on…inC on…to如果要指代地点的时候，一般at要跟的地点为小地点，in 要跟的地点为大地点。

如果要加时间的时候，in要加一段时间，at加短暂的一段时间或时间点。

4．The teacher asked ________ you made her a small desk.A ifB thatC soso +形容词/副词（一般为that表示如此…以至于）他学习很努力，以至于考试通过了。

He studied so hard that he past the exam。

阅读理解--职称英语考试辅导《综合类》第四部分讲义5

正保远程教育旗下品牌网站美国纽交所上市公司(NYSE:DL)职业培训教育网职业人的网上家园职称英语考试辅导《综合类》第四部分讲义5阅读理解例2：What does “this is no longer the case” in paragraph two mean?A.It is not necessary to get married any more.B.Women do not need a husband any longer.C.Women are not economically dependent any more.D.Many wives do well-paying jobs outside home now.老师手写内容：代词it 它 they 它们/他们this 这；这个 these 这些one 一个人；任何人 ones一些人；任何人such 这；这样的some 一些used to be 过去常常…not…any more 不再…原文：But what are the reasons for this，and is the picture really so gloomy? The answer to the first question is really quite simple: marriage is no longer the necessity it once was.The institution of marriage has been based for years partly on economic need.Women used to be economically dependent on their husbands as they usually didn’t have jobs outside the home.But with the rising number of women in well-paying jobs，this is no longer the case，so they don’t feel that they need to stay in a failing marriage.[答疑编号505916040705]【答案】C例3：Liquid water only exists ________.A.in the center of the earthB.on the surface of our planetC.in a very narrow range of temperaturesD.in the coastal areas of the earth原文：The second most important constituent （构成成份） of the biosphere （生物圈）is liquid water.This can only exist in a very narrow range of temperatures, since water freezes at 0℃ and boils at 100℃.Life as we know it would only be possible on the surface of a planet which had temperatures somewhere within this narrow range.[答疑编号505916040706]【答案】C例4：Most of the fresh water on Earth _________.A.is stored undergroundB.is in the form of ice at the Poles and on mountainsC.is found in rivers and lakeses from the rain原文：The earth's supply of water probably remains fairly constant in quantity.The total quantity。

中石油职称英语课文讲稿1-60第01课（20）

中石油职称英语课文讲稿1-60第01课（20）第一篇：中石油职称英语课文讲稿1-60第01课 (20)1.The need for effective[adj.有效的] public speaking will almost certainly touch you sometime[adv.将来某个时候,过去某个时间] in your life.When it does, you want to be ready.But even if you never give another speech in your life, you still have much to gain from studying public speaking.Your speech class will give you training in researching topics, organizing[(organize):vt.组织] your ideas, and presenting yourself skillfully[技巧的].The training is invaluable[munication[n.交流，交际].非常宝贵的] for every type of1、在你生活的某个时刻，几乎必定需要做某种有影响力的公开演讲。

当这个时刻来到时，你希望自己十分有把握。

但是，即便你从未发表过一个演讲，你仍然会从学习公共演说中获益良多。

你的演讲课将会在研究主题、组织思路、和表现技巧方面对你进行训练。

这种训练对任何类型的交流都是非常宝贵的。

分析：；effective有效地，efficient效率高的；sometime某个时候，some time 一些时间，sometimes有时候，some times一些次数； even if =即使； present V.介绍，赠给，展现，a.出席的，到场的；invaluable=priceless 无价的，非常宝贵的，valueless=worthless没有价值的；2.There are many similarities[(similarity):n.相似,类似] between public speaking and daily conversation[n.谈话；交谈].The three major[a.主要的] goals of speaking-to inform[vt.传达], to persuade[vt.说服；to entertain[娱乐]-are also the three major 劝说], goals of everyday conversation.In conversation, almost without thinking about it, you employ[vt.使用] a wide range[n.一系列] of skills[(skill):n.技能；技巧].You organize[vt.组织] your ideas logically[符合逻辑的].You tailor[vt.修改] your message to youraudience[n.听众].You tell a story for maximum[最大量(的)] impact[n.You adapt[v.使适应,使适合]影响].to feedback[n.回授,反馈] from your listener.These are among the most important skills[(skill):n.技能；技巧] you will need for public speaking.2、在公开演讲和日常交谈之间有许多类似的东西。

词汇--职称英语考试辅导《综合类》第一部分讲义5

正保远程教育旗下品牌网站美国纽交所上市公司(NYSE:DL)职业培训教育网职业人的网上家园职称英语考试辅导《综合类》第一部分讲义5词汇10） What are my chances of promotion if I stay here? （2011，A）A.retirementB.replacementC.advertisementD.advancementpromote v. 提升，促进improve v. 改善，增进upgrade v. 使升级，提升，改良品种better v. 改善，胜过elevator n. 电梯[答疑编号505916010806]【答案】D【扩充】promotion, advancement, hoist, elevation方法6.利用备选项设置的特点缩小判断范围1） Their style of playing football is utterly different.（2007，A）A. barelyB. scarcelyC. hardlyD. totallybarely adv. 几乎不scarely adv. 绝不hardly adv. 几乎不，简直不seldom adv. 很少，不常not adv. 不（用于否定句）[答疑编号505916010807]【答案】D【扩充】utterly, totally, thoroughly, entirely, completely, fully2） It is virtually impossible to persuade him to apply for the job.（2007，B）A. entirelyB. almostC. totallyD. completely[答疑编号505916010808]【答案】B【扩充】virtually, almost, literally, practically, actually, genuinely3） Merge the following two short sentences into one new sentence.A. SplitB. CombineC. BreakD. Divide[答疑编号505916010809]【答案】B【扩充】merge, combine, consolidate, assemble4） The industrial revolution modified the whole structure of English society.（2006，B）。

职称英语ppt课件54页PPT

• 第1部分 • 词汇选项（四选一，第1-15题，每题1分，共15分）
考查应试者理解在一定语境中单词或短语意义的能力。本部分为15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，要求应试者从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。
• 第2部分 • 阅读判断（三选一，第16-22题，每题1分，共7分）
全国职称英语考试命题原则
考试命题的广度和难度根据本大纲规定的范围及对应试者能力的要求而确定。命题原则如下：（一）合理安排测试项目的层次结构。本考试的重点是考查应试者的阅读理解能力，试卷的结构应充分考虑阅读理解能力的不同层次，测试不同层次能力的项目所占比重亦不相同。（二）合理安排测试项目的难度结构。本考试题目的难易程度分为易、较易、较难、难四个等级，试卷中各种难易程度题目各占一定比例。试题的难易程度和能力层次是两个不同的概念，在每个能力层次的项目中，都包含难易程度不同的题目。（三）合理确定考试内容与《职称英语》的关系。职称英语等级考试的题型设置和考查内容均有自身的特点。职称英语考试用书题材广泛，包括：报刊文章、科普材料、故事、报告、广告、技术说明、手册等，体裁包括说明文、记叙文、议论文等。部分命题素材将取自《职称英语》（指定用书）、《考试大纲》。
2、申报B级的人员应认知5000个左右的单词和一定数量的短语；
3、申报C级的人员应认知4000个左右的单词和一定数量的短语。
语法知识
考试不直接对应试者所掌握的语法知识进行考查，但应试者必须掌握基本的语法知识，主要包括：
1、英语句子的基本语序及其意义； 2、英语句子的结构和常用句型； 3、各种时、体的形式及其意义； 4、各种从句的构成及其意义； 5、句子中词语的所指、省略、替代、重复，以及句子之间的意义关系等。

职称英语语法讲义(课堂版)

职称英语语法讲义第一讲词类、名词的数与格一、词类英语中主要有：名词、动词、形容词、副词、介词、连接词、冠词等。

1、名词（包括代词和数词）：在句子中作主语、宾语、表语和另一名词的形容词。

2、动词：在句子中做谓语，分为及物动词和不及物动词。

3、形容词：可在句子中作表语、名词的定语4、副词：主要用来说明动词、形容词和副词本身。

注意：除了in, up, down, on, inside, outside等只有一些表示方向和位置的副词外，副词不能作表语。

例如：Please help me water these flowers when I am out. （我不在时请帮我浇浇花。

）注意：以下-ly结尾的词不是副词，是形容词：friendly （友好的）lovely （可爱的）deadly（致命的）costly（昂贵的）likely（可能的）lonely（孤独的）alone （单独的）lively（活泼的）ugly（丑陋的）manly（男子气的）等。

5、介词：又称前置词，即放在名词前面的“小词”。

注意：1）介词后面一定是个名词（除习惯外），例如不能说：because of ill，而应该为：because of illness；2）介词后面不能跟that从句，即只能跟名词或带-wh开头的从句，这是英语语法的一条重要规则，如不能说：He did not come to the party because of he was ill. 但可以是：She got angry because of what he said. （她因他的话而生气了。

）6、连接词：用来连接两个或两个以上词或句子的词。

注意：英语中一般不能同时使用两个连接词，如不能说：Although he is very rich, but he is not happy. （只要将although 或but去掉一个即可）7、冠词：用来限定名词的词，分不定冠词a （an）和定冠词the, 英语中的冠词使用十分复杂，简单地说：1）不可数名词前不能用a （an）2）第一次提到的单数可数名词用a （n）3）能用what, who, which回答的名词用the，即3W原则the teacher and the student / the patient and the doctor结构中的the可以表示泛指。

补全短文--职称英语考试辅导《综合类》第五部分讲义8

正保远程教育旗下品牌网站美国纽交所上市公司(NYSE:DL)职业培训教育网职业人的网上家园职称英语考试辅导《综合类》第五部分讲义8补全短文例6：There is a difference between science and technology. _________. Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationships between observable phenomena in nature and with establishing theories that serve to organize these facts and relationships; technology has to do with tools, techniques, and procedures for applying the findings of science.A. Another distinction between science and technology has to do with the progress in each.B. Unlike science, progress in technology must be measured in terms of the human factor.C. What scientists discover may shock or anger people ---as did Darwin’s theory of evolution.D. Science and technology are different.E. We are all familiar with the improper use of technology.F. Science is a method of answering theoretical questions; technology is a method of solving practical problems.老师手写内容：and conj.和，与[答疑编号505916050609]【答案】F【解析】空格处的前一句首先阐述science（科学）和technology（技术）是不同的，那么，接下来，按照一般的思维逻辑，会谈论它们各自的特点和不同点。

职称英语学习资料(阅读理解讲义)1

最新职称英语学习资料(阅读理解讲义)1最新职称英语学习资料(阅读理解讲义)1 PASSAGE 1TV Shows and Long Bus Trips?Long bus rides are like televisions shows. They have a beginning, a middle, and an end---with mercials thrown in every three or four minutes. The mercials are unavoidable. They happen whether you want them or not. Every couple of minutes a billboard glides by outside the bus window. "Buy Super Clean Toothpaste." "Drink Good’n Wet Root Beer." "Fill up with Pacific Gas." Only if you sleep, which is equal to turning the television set off, are you spared the unending cry of "You Need It! Buy It Now!"The beginning of the ride is fortable and somewhat exciting, even if you’ve traveled that way before. Usually some things have changed---new houses, new buildings, sometimes even a new road. The bus driver has a style of driving and it’s fun to try to figure it out the first hour or so. If the driver is particularly reckless or daring, the ride can be as thrilling as a suspense story. Will the driver pass the truck in time? Will the driver move into the right or the left-hand lane? After a while, of course, the excitement dies down. Sleeping for a while helps pass the middle hours of the ride. Food always makes bus rides more interesting. But you’ve got to be carefulof what kind of food you eat. Too much salty food can make you very thirsty between stops.The end of the ride is somewhat like the beginning. You know it will soon be over and there’s a kind of expectation and excitement in that. The seat of course, has bee harder a s the hours have passed. By now you’ve sat with your legs crossed, with your hands in your lap, with your hands on the arm rests---even with your hands crossed behind your head. The end es just at no more ways to sit. 1. Aording to the passage, what do the passengers usually see when they are on a long bus trip?A) Buses on the road.B) Films on television.C) Advertisements on the board.D) Gas stations.2. What is the purpose of this passage?A) To give the writer’s opinion about long bus trips.B) To persuade you to take a long bus trip.C) To explain how bus trips and television shows differ.D) To describe the billboards along the road.3. the writer of this passage would probably favorA) bus drivers who weren’t recklessB) driving alone.C) a television set on the bus.D) no billboards along the road.4. The writer feels long bus rides are like TV shows becauseA) the mercials both on TV shows and on billboards along the road are fun.B) they both have a beginning, a middle, and an end, with mercials in between.C) the drivers are always reckless on TV shows just as they are on buses.D) both traveling and watching TV are not exciting.5. The writer thinks that the end of the ride is somewhat like the beginning because both areA) exciting.B) fortable.C) tiring.D) boringKEY: CADBAPASSAGE 2New Foods and the New World?In the last 500 years, nothing about people---not their clothes, ideas, or languages---has changed as much as what they eat. The original chocolate drink was made form the seeds of the cocoa tree by South American Indians. The Spanish introduced it to the rest of the world during the 1500’s. And although it was very expensive, it quickly became fashionable. In London shops where chocolate drinkswere served became important meeting places. Some still exist today.The potato is also from the New World. Around 1600, the Spanish brought it from Peru to Europe, where it soon was widely grown. Ireland became so dependent on it that thousands of Irish people starved when the crop failed during the "Potato Famine" of 1845-6, and thousands more were forced to emigrate to America.There are many other foods that have traveled from south America to the Old World. But some others went in the opposite direction. Br azil is now the world’s largest grower of coffee, and coffee is an important crop in Colombia and other South American countries. But it is native to Ethiopia. It was first made into a drink by Arabs during the 1400’s.Aording to an Arabic legend, coffee was discovered when a goatherd named Kaldi noticed that his goats wereattracted to the red berries on a coffee bush. He tried one and experienced the "wide-awake" feeling that one-third of the world’s population now starts the day with.1. Aording to the passage, which of the following has changed the most in the last 500 years?A) Food.B) Chocolate.C) Potato.D) Coffee2. "Some" in "Some still exist today" meansA) some cocoa trees.B) some chocolate drinks.C) some shops.D) some South American Indians.3. Thousands of Irish people starved during the "Potato Famine" becauseA) they were so dependent on the potato that they refused to eat anything else.B) they were forced to emigrate to America.C) the weather conditions in Ireland were not suitable for growing the potato.D) the potato harvest was bad.4. Coffee originally came fromA) Brazil.B) Colombia.C) Ethiopia.D) Arabia.5. The Arabic legend is used to prove thatA) coffee was first discovered by Kaldi.B) coffee was first discovered by Kaldi’s goats.C) coffee was first discovered in south American countries.D) coffee drinks were first made by Arabs.KEY: ACDCDPASSAGE 3A Football ClubDuring the 1970 season, the club played 42 matches: of these, 34 were League and Cup games, and the remainder were friendly matches. In the League, the Club finished in third place, two points behind the champions. Out of 28 League games, 16 were won, 8 were drawn and 4 were lost, whilst the Club managed to reach the semi-final of the Challenge Cup for the first time in its history. Of the eightfriendly matches, four were won, two were drawn, and two were lost, but these defeats were at the hands of visiting teams whose standards were generally much higher than those of players of this area.At the same time, the standard of play shown by our own team was markedly superior to that seen in previous years, and this suess is largely due to the intensive training programme which has been supervised by the team captain. In this connection, the provision of adequate training facilities must remain a priority, and the erection of an indoor gymnasium or hall in which the players can practise on wet evenings is essential. It would do much to supplement the outdoor training being carried on, and would help the Club in the recruitment of younger players.There are now 28 players registered with the Club, and many more have asked to join but have been discouraged bythe fact that the Club fields only one team. With the improvement in the financial position, concerning which the Treasurer will report in a minute. I suggest that the Committee consider entering a team in the Second Division of the League.1. How many Cup matches did the Challenge Club play?A) 34B) 6C) 8D) 422. What reason does the speaker give for the Club’s improved playing record?A) The provision of adequate training facilities.B) The erection of an indoor gymnasium.C) The intensive training under the team captain.D) The low standards of the visiting teams.3. In the second paragraph," this connection" refers toA) an indoor gymnasium.B) An indoor hall.C) The team captain.D) The intensive training programs.4. The mittee may enter a team in the Second Division of the League because ofA) its improved financial position.B) Its better training facilities.C) Its improved playing record.D) Its ambition to bee famous.5. The tone of this report isA) objective.B) Unfriendly.C) Pessimistic.D) Critical.KEY:BCDAAPASSAGE 4"Lemons" in Used Car Market?Suppose that you, a college student of somewhat limited means, are in the market for a used pickup truck. The following ad in a local used car publication catches your eyes.1993 Ford Ranger, bilk, 4WD, a/cAM/FM/cass., showroom condition.Call 555-1234 after 5 p.mThis is exactly the kind of vehicle you want, so you call to inquire about the price. The price you are quoted over the phone is $2,000 lower than the price for this model with this equipment listed in a used car guidebook. Instead of being ecstatic, however, you are suspicious.For many products, when you must pay less than the going rate, you believe you are getting a great deal. This is not necessarily the case for used cars or other durablegoods(washing machines and television sets, for example) because with expensive products-or, what is essentially the same thing, products with high replacement costs-you must be particularly careful about getting a "lemon." Or a product of substandard quality.In addition to asking the price, the age of a car-or any other consumer durable-is a factor when you are trying to determine whether a seller is attempting to unload a lemon. While people have all sorts of reasons for wanting to sell their cars-even relatively new cars-most people hold off until they have put many thousands of miles on a car or until the used car is several years old. You would probably be as suspicious of a car that is "too new" as you would a car that is "too good " a deal. In fact, you are probably willing to pay a high price for a high-quality used car. While this price would certainly be aeptable to the seller, the petitive market might not facilitate such trades.1. The beginning of this passage assumes that college studentsA) are very clever but not very rich.B) Are very capable but not very diligent.C) Have limited material resourcesD) Are not rich.2. The passage indicated that, sometimes when you find a product of an unexpectedly low price.A) You are very happy/B) You are rather suspicious.C) You are filled with happiness as well as surprise.D) You feel uneasy.3."Lemon" in this passage refers toA) a kind of fruit.B) A kind of new car.C) A kind of expensive and high-quality car.D) A product of inferior quality.4.If you want to know if the seller is trying to unload a lemon, youA) take the age of the car into consideration.B) Take the price of the lemon into considerationC) Consider how many miles the car has run.D) Consider both the price as well as the age of the car.5.It can be concluded from the passage that in the used car market,A) used cars are generally cheap.B) Used cars are generally expensiveC) Used cars are actually brand newD) Car buyers are willing to pay a high price for a used car.KEY：DBDDAPASSAGE 5The Greatest Show on Earth?The Olympic Game’s are the greatest festival of sportin the world. Every four years, a hundred or more countries send their best sportsmen to pete for the highest honors in sport. As many as 6,000 people take part in over 20 sports. For the winners, there are gold medals and glory. But there is honor, too, for all who pete, win or lose. That is in spirit of the Olympics-to take part is what matters.The Olympic Games always start in a bright color and action. The teams of all the nations parade in the opening ceremony and march round the track. The custom is for the Greek team to march in first. For it was in Greece that the Olympics began. The team of the country where the Games are being held- the host country-marches in last.The runner with the Olympic torch then enters the stadium and lights the flame. A sportsman from the host country takes the Olympic oath on behalf of all the petitors. The judges and officials also take an oath. After the sportsman march out of the stadium, the host country puts on a wonderful display?The petitions begin the next day. There are usually more than twenty sorts in the Games. The rule is that there must be at least fifteen. The main events are in track and field, but it is a few days before these sports start. Eachday the petitors take part in a different sport-riding, shooting, swimming, and cross-country running. Points are gained for each event. Medals are awarded for theindividual winners and for national teams.More and more women are taking part in the games. They first peted in 1900, in tennis and golf, which are no longer held in the Olympics, Women’s swimming events were introduced in 1912. But it was not until 1928 that there were any track and field events for women. Now, they pete in all but half a-dozen of the sports. In horse riding, shooting, and boat racing, they may pete in the same events as the men.1. why is there honor for the losers as well as for the winners?A)Because failure is the mother of the suess.B)Because losers need encouragement, too.A) Because he needed to present it with a council’s diploma.B) Because he was concerned about its managementC) Because it was the only national park of its kind in Europe.D) Because it was the only park which had ever received a diploma from the Council.3. The last sentence in the second paragraph implies thatA) People should make every effort to create mere environment areasB) People would go on protecting national parksC) certain areas of countryside should be left intactD) people would defend the right to develop the areas around national parks4. In Dr Baum’s opinion, the view that a nature reserve should serve as a tourist attraction isA) idealisticB) revolutionaryC) short-sightedD) traditional5. Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph?A) We have developed industry at the expense of countrysideB) We have forgotten what our original countryside looked likeC) People living on islands should protect natural resources for their survivalD) We should destroy all the built-up areas.答案： DACCA。

2013职称英语_基础班_大纲词汇课程讲义

目录一、职称英语基础词汇 (2)A, a (2)B, b (8)C, c (13)D, d (19)E, e (22)F, f (24)G, g (29)H, h (31)I, i (33)J, j (34)L, l (35)M, m (38)N, n (40)O, o (42)P, p (44)R, r (48)S, s (51)T, t (57)U, u (61)V, v (62)W, w (62)Y, y (66)Z, z (67)二、职称英语高频词汇 (68)A, a (68)B,b (73)C,c (79)D, d (85)E, e (90)F, f (94)G, g (98)H, h (100)I, i (102)J, j (105)K, k (105)L, l (106)M, m (109)N, n (113)O, o (114)P, p (116)Q, q (123)R, r (123)S, s (127)T, t (136)U, u (139)V, v (140)W, w (141)一、职称英语基础词汇A, aa(an) ① (非特指的)一(个) ② (同类事物中的)任何一(个) ③每一(个)【注意】（1）a 用在辅音之前，an 用在元音之前，如a table/book/university, an apple/egg/hour。

（2）注意区分不定冠词a\an和定冠词the，前者仅用在单数可数名词前面，表示“一”的意义，但不强调数目观念；定冠词the具有确定的意思，用以特指人或事物，表示名词所指的人或事物是同类中的特定的一个，以别于同类中其他的人或事物，相当于汉语中的“那个”或“这个”的意思。

它可以和单、复数名词，也可以和不可数的名词连用。

（3）a（an）用来修饰可数名词，不可以用在不可数名词前面，错：a water；正：a glass of water.able ［形容词a.］①［后接不定式］能够…的，得以…的 ②有才干的，能力出众的【近义词】capable有能力的，能干的，有...的可能性【词组】be able to (do) 有能力做某事【例句】（1）She bet me 20 $ that I wouldn’t be able to give up smoking. 她和我打20美元的赌，说我戒不了烟。