管卫东技巧新题型

管卫东的考研英语新题型最后冲刺突破——技巧与总结一新题型与阅读理解的本质区别1．对于一篇阅读理解的5道题目来说，它们之间几乎没有相关度，一道题目做对做错，不影响其他题目的解决。

2．而对于新题型这种7选5的特点而言，每做一道题都直接关系着其他4个空的正确与否，可以说是“一损俱损，一荣俱荣”！二新题型的解题顺序——始终遵循客观这一总则1．基本思路是：由于“一损俱损，一荣俱荣”的效应，因此做对头几个题相当重要，如果前几个题能够做对，那么后面题目的正确率将大大提高。

因此必须千方百计搞定头几个题！如何搞定？先易后难！挑最容易的题目先做！由此引发的问题是：什么是易，什么是难？这就要我们对选项类型进行分析。

2．选项按照空缺在段落中具体位置区分为3种类型：空在段首、空在段中（独立段）、空在段尾。

具体地说，空在段尾的好判断。

因为段落前面的内容和信息已经决定了这段所说的意思的方向，可以更多地帮助我们判断后面所缺内容。

相对的，空在段首的不好判断，因为不能一眼看出这段文字所说的意思方向，只能是根据上下段的内容及后面所说的内容信息推敲判断。

最难的要属“空在段中”的，因为无法直接看出是承接还是转折还是别的等等。

3．因此解题由易到难的顺序应该是：先做段尾句，再做段首句，最后段中句！4．对于“空在段尾”与“空在段首”两种类型来说，必须贯彻一致性原则，即前后一致，浑然一体，相互贯通，如行云流水一般，极为突兀或不沾边的都不对。

高度关注：在说“谁”？要与这个“谁”（一般是名词）沾边！5．关注起承转合的逻辑关系，一般在选项中会有一些表逻辑意义的词，如therefore等6．在遇到对同一个空，有两个选项举棋不定时，千万不要楞想，先都选上放在那，接着做那些能一眼确定的，做完之后，可能其中一个选项的干扰性已经不存在了。

如果还不能排除，再集中精力对比两个选项与原文的一致性，这时需要关注内容，真正读懂意思，看哪个更顺畅。

三解题的细致步骤1．无需看通篇的文章！只看空前后。

2．在对空进行难易区分之后，快速浏览7个选项的大致内容，用最浓缩、精炼的词标注在选项旁边，概括出该选项的中心内容。

3．从易到难，对比选项，看选项是在说具体的还是泛泛的，是说例子还是表观点，是在说谁，说什么事，单数还是复数等等，以此作出选择。

四各类型题目的做法通过上面的划分我们已经把题目分成了三种类型，即：文章段落开头题，文章段落末尾题和整段空缺题。

根据在实际考试中我们做题的顺序，我们首先先讨论文章末尾题的做法，其次是文章开头题，最后是段落题。

1.文章末尾题应该怎么做？第一步：首先把空格前面的内容读一下，知道大概讲的是什么。

然后读空格后面的大概内容。

通过前面的和后面内容之间的关系判断空前后所说的意思是一致还是相反。

最后读所有的选项，根据空缺前后意思的一致性及原文所说的大概是什么内容，排除肯定不沾边的选项，剩下的都留下，为下一步解题作准备。

小结：这里我们首先分析前后内容一致还是相反的关系，目的在于去判断我们该用什么样的信息去判断所缺少的内容。

这种思路和我们上几章中在做普通的阅读时精确选项的步骤类似——根据问题确定精确位置。

空缺前后内容关系的正反性对于判断空格中的内容会有一定的影响。

第二步：这一步主要是在通过空缺前后内容正反性排除大部分不符合的选项后，对比剩下可能正确的选项的过程。

要根据空中的内容是否能和前后的内容连接上作为判断选项的标准。

换句话说，就是在比较选项时，看哪个选项能既保证和前面内容能连接上，又保证能顺利地和后面的意思联系在一起。

用这种方法对比剩下的选项，哪个更好就选哪个。

对比既拿关系又拿内容。

对比时和作阅读时一样，要保证纯客观态度，任何信息的判断都是出自文章，而不要自己主观判断。

其实，在做完文章末尾题的时候，文章的大概方向应该就可以判断出来了。

这对于后面的解决文章开头题和段落题是非常有帮助的。

只要坚持客观的原则，剩下的题目会好做得多。

2.文章开头题应该怎么做？从逻辑上讲，放在开头的内容，一定要和后面的内容衔接上。

因此，在填文章开头的内容时，重点要看选项内容的最后和文章空格后面内容的衔接上。

能衔接上的即为答案。

做这种类型题目时，还是要把握客观地比对选项，通过空格后面的内容中的信息判断做题。

3.段落题目应该怎么做？一段话加在两段固定的内容之间，其作用只有两种：呈上或是启下。

根据这一原理，所以需要填整段话的内容要么要能和上一段所说的内容连接上，要么就是和下一段内容有联系。

在做段落题目的时候，重点看所填的选项是否可以和上一段或下一段连接起来。

只要满足呈上或是启下其中之一的即为答案。

考场上的小窍门：在做题的过程中，我们已经强调过越是先做的题目其正确与否对于后面的解题会产生很大的影响。

但如果考试的时候，两个选项中的内容在一道题中实在判别不出来时，不要急于得出最终的答案。

把两个选项用笔都记下来，继续作后面的题目。

由于选项是一定的，很多时候，作后面的题目时自然就排除了前面的疑问。

比如，如果做第一道题时，觉得选项一和选项 D 的内容都可以填在空缺处，这时记下一和 D 这两个答案，继续往下做题。

很可能，当做到第三题时，选项中只有D 符合。

那么，由于一个选项只能填在一处，第一题中就只能选一了。

这种小窍门避免了在做前面题目时无谓的思考，用选项本身的局限性便可以帮助我们选出最终的答案。

四以大纲样题为例Long before Man lived on the Earth, there were fishes, reptiles, birds, insects, and some mammals. Although some of these animals were ancestors of kinds living today, others are now extinct, that is, they have no descendants alive now. 41）_ ____.Very occasionally the rocks show impression of skin, so that, apart from color, we can build up a reasonably accurate picture of an animal that died millions of years ago. The kind of rock in which the remains are found tells us much about the nature of the original land, often of the plants that grew on it, and even of its climate.42）____ _. Nearly all of the fossils that we know were preserved in rocks formed by water action, and most of these are of animals that lived in or near water. Thus it follows that there must be many kinds of mammals, birds, and insects of which we know nothing.43）____ _. There are also crab-like creatures, whose bodies were covered with a horny substance. The body segments each had two pairs of legs, one pair for walking on the sandy bottom, the other for swimming. The head was a kind of shield with a pair of compound eyes, often with thousands of lenses. They were usually an inch or two long but some were 2 feet.44）__ ___. Of these, the ammonites are very interesting and important. They have a shell composed of many chambers, each representing a temporary home of the animal. As the young grew larger it grew a new chamber and sealed off the previous one. Thousands of these can be seen in the rocks on the Dorset Coast.45）_ ____.About 75 million years ago the Age of Reptiles was over and most of the groups died out. The mammals quickly developed, and we can trace the evolution of many familiar animals such as the elephant and horse. Many of the later mammals, though now extinct, were known to primitive man and were featured by him in cave paintings and on bone carvings.[A] The shellfish have a long history in the rock and many different kinds are known.[B] Nevertheless, we know a great deal about many of them because their bones and shells have been preserved in the rocks as fossils. From them we can tell their size and shape, how they walked, the kind of food they ate.[C] The first animals with true backbones were the fishes, first known in the rocks of 375 million years ago. About 300 million years ago the amphibians, the animals able to live both on land and in water, appeared. They were giant, sometimes 8 feet long, and many of them lived in the swampy pools in which our coal seam, or layer, or formed. The amphibians gave rise to the reptiles and for nearly 150 million years these were the principal forms of life on land, in the sea, and in the air. [D] The best index fossils tend to be marine creatures. These animals evolved rapidly and spread over large areas of the world.[E] The earliest animals whose remains have been found were all very simple kinds and lived in the sea. Later forms are more complex, and among these are the sea-lilies, relations of the starfishes, which had long arms and were attached by a long stalk to the sea bed, or to rocks. [F] When an animal dies, the body, its bones, or shell, may often be carried away by streams into lakes or the sea and there get covered up by mud. If the animal lived in the sea its body would probably sink and be covered with mud. More and more mud would fall upon it until the bones or shell become embedded and preserved.[G] Many factors can influence how fossils are preserved in rocks. Remains of an organism may be replaced by minerals, dissolved by an acidic solution to leave only their impression, or simply reduced to a more stable form.例题解析：第一步：确定做题顺序首先把五个空缺处浏览一下，通过难易程度判断做题的先后顺序。