口译天下2金融
大学里可考的各种证书及简介
大学里可考的各种证书及简介一、英语证书（一）大学四、六级证书（，）：1、发证单位：教育部2、时间：每年月、月3、简介：极其重要，积分体制改革后，证书被取消了，一般认为英语四级的及格线是分。
英语四级成绩达到分以上（含分）者，可以报考英语六级。
四级成绩为分以上（含分）可以参加四级英语口试，六级成绩为分以上（含分）可以参加六级英语口试；在调查中记者发现，绝大多数同学都能够过各个学校默认的分数线，有的学校要求国贸等相关专业的同学六级达到一定的分数。
此外，用人单位会制定相关的四六级分数线。
4、：阅读是拿分的关键。
在考前适当地有计划地背些单词。
（二）专业四八级（，）：1、发证单位：高等学校外语专业教学指导委员会2、时间：每年月3、简介：（）考试属于尺度参照性标准化考试，以分为及格分数，成绩分为三个等级：分合格；分良好；分以上优秀。
外语系老师介绍此类考试不属于选拔性考试，通过相对较简单，但是得优秀比较难。
（）考试是一种测试应试者单项和综合语言能力的水平考试。
考试的范围包括大纲所规定的听、读、写、译四个方面的技能。
专八考试通过率也是检验学校英语专业教学质量的重要指标。
据网上公布的资料显示，全国平均通过率约左右。
和一般来说是英语系学生的专利。
非英语专业学生考的很少。
很多职位要求，如翻译或者外籍主管的助理。
4、：多听新闻，积累语言、语音、文化、英美概况方面的知识，拓宽知识面。
（三）上海中高级口译资格证书1、发证单位：上海外语口译资格证书考试委员会2、简介：上海中高级口译分两个阶段即笔试和口试。
考试涵盖面很广，听说读写译都有涉及，考试内容也很丰富，英美国家的政治、经济、文化，中国国情文化等。
考生只有通过笔试才能参加第二阶段考试。
据网上公布的数字，中级口译的通过率在，而高级口译则只有到。
上海中高级口译考试通过率低，而含金量高，是目前市面上有着惊人认同力的英语证书之一。
但也有人认为高口通过率这么低，含金量虽然高，但也没有必要为这个证挤破脑袋。
《口译天下》(20100607)
卷JUAN SHOU YU首语絮语文/昕曌2006年，日本漫画家今市子的作品《百鬼夜行抄》被搬上银幕。
由于制作经费问题，这部12集的连续剧制作粗糙，甚至被观众评为“鬼怪特摄片”。
然而，该剧收视率却高于预期，很大一部分原因竟是因为配乐。
在整体素质不佳、经费紧张的情况下，森英治依然以极严谨的态度为该片量身定做了一套配乐，于是，影片开播后，冲着主题曲而来的观众就比比皆是，反让这部远不如原作的日剧成为当年经典。
写到这里，突然想到台湾作家简贞的一句话：活着就要做到坦胸露背迎接万箭攒心，能举头对苍天一笑的境地，因为美，容不下一点狼狈，不允许掰一块尊严，只为了妥协。
把一部鬼怪特摄片当成自己施展才华的舞台，森英治靠的是自己的执着，执着于自己热爱的事业，不肯动摇，不肯与现实妥协，相比起他来，有多少人该自惭形秽？为自己所爱的事业用尽全力，而不问他人态度，不管环境，不求回报，这样的激情，我们太少太少了。
确实，人生之不如意，十有八九，上至天灾人祸，下至室友不和，人类能找到的理由数也数不清，于是，我们习惯了在底端恨恨地羡慕着登上顶层的人，却忘了，世界往往遵循等价交换原则——人要得到什么，就必须付出同等的代价，尽管“代价”不同，但不可否认，任何走到顶端的人都付出了相应的“过路费”，或是其才智，或是其人脉，或是健康云云。
然而，大多数人却只是单纯地希望每天都能数钱数到手抽筋，单纯地希望自己什么都不付出就能获得理想的生活。
生活毕竟不是童话。
一味希望渴望盼望，奇迹也不一定会出现，自怜自艾教年轻着的男男女女垂垂老去，倒是那些破釜沉舟一心追逐梦想的傻瓜，即使岁月在其容颜上留下了痕迹，却总让人感受他的青春。
或许很多时候，我们缺少的只是勇气罢了。
即使有心寻梦，梦想也不一定能够实现，与其如此，倒不如吃喝玩乐——这或许就是大多数人自甘平凡的缘由。
大多数时候让放弃的理由不是外界压力，而是自己的选择。
编委会成员【主编】Jacky【编辑】Zf200424IriniEvermoreLemon小妞妞Gordoncaoy认真的烧饼希希ROY_HXtiger【封面设计】 lemon目 录一维基百科翻译(3) 二国际时政翻译及点评(15)三经济学家翻译及点评 (20) They might be giants/ irini四名人演讲系列(29) Why we must defend writers/ Margaret Atwood五笔记赏析(31) 六试题库/口译考试辅导资料 (33) 2010年5月人事部三级口译考试试题七诗词翻译(37) Loveliest of Trees/ A. E. 豪斯曼文曹明伦译清溪/王维 文 许渊冲 译八常用笔记符号参考 (39)九关于投稿与广告 (40)如何使用本杂志本杂志的主要用途是口译练习指导以及笔译研究，绝大部分材料可用于口译练习。
英语翻译资格考试-翻译二级口译实务分类模拟题金融贸易(finance and trade).doc
expertise. No wonder we arework hard invest in We have a more thanby chance. We had to countries choose to strong rule of law. minimum of red tape for foreign investors . We freed up our market our continental European neighbors. We kept our labor costs low. We treated industry and Shell's commitment to invest in the East //I have every confidence that willingness to invest as British firms see steady improvement in market There are people who oppose foreign 翻译二级口译实务分类模拟题金融贸易(Finance and Trade)英译汉1、 Passage 1 I am very pleased to be back at the Xiamen International Investment Fair again. The level of interest and attendance recognizes the Fair's importance and high standing with the international investment community. I congratulate MOEFEC and all those concerned with organizing the Fair, including of course the Xiamen authorities. //When I was here last year we were on the threshold of China's entry to WTO. This year membership is a reality. That is one of the most significant deve1opments to occur on the world stage in recent times. It takes a huge step furthering the process of integrating China into the world economy. There will be difficulties for Chinese companies and their employees in some sectors z particularly the SOEs, in adjusting to international competition. That is inevitable . But I believe that once those transitional difficulties are overcome, the positive benefits for China and for world trade will be immense. I admire the courage and the vision of China's leaders and people in picking up this challenge. //This year's theme is the role of international investment in creating a competitive advantage. In Britain we are thoroughly persuaded of that role. Our experience of inward investment is wholly positive . Total inward investment to the UK has now reached some 〜500 billion. It has created nearly 160,000 new j obs in Britain in the last three years alone. It has helped us develop and modernize our industrial base . It has introduced new products andprocesses . It has brought intechnology and management whole-heartedly in favor of it! //Inward investment did not just come to us to create the right climate for it. Why did Britain? We are a stable country. We have a foreign investors and domestic producers equally. We do not mind who owns a company, so long as the business and the jobs are in Britain. //But one factor counts above all others : investment in Britain is profitable for the investor as well as beneficial for our country. That is the single most important reason why we have attracted for instance 45 percent of all Japanese inward investment in Europe and 60 percent of all Korean investment in Europe. //We hope before long to attract significant investment from China as well. To help do that we are going to spread the news in China of just how creative and innovative the British economy now is . We shall be organizing an important campaign of exhibitions and events in China this year with more to come in 2003 under the title : Britain —the Leading Edge. I hope many of you will visit the first events in Shanghai next month. //British companies know the China market well and remain keen to invest there and the China- Britain Business Council of which I am President gives them every encouragement and help to do so. Both our trade and our investment are at record levels and Britain is Europe's largest investor in China by a very considerable margin. Recent examples have includedBP's investment in China' s oil and gas and West oil pipeline. will continue so long conditions and access.that it means exporting British jobs. But that is a shortsighted view. // In a global economy, emerging markets will always be able to produce well-educated and highly-trainable workers at far lower cost than in the UK. We know that the right answer is not to inhibit foreign investment but instead to move our own economic activity towards high technology and knowledge- based industries ・ That is exactly what we are doing. //("International Investment Creates an International CompetitiveKong's position as a be enhanced. We know not know when it may happen. // Likewise, we know fund raising centre for mainland companies this idea is under consideration. We also accept RMBand as theOnce again on April 25,2002)Advantage", by Lord Charles Powell, President of the China-Britain BusinessCouncil at Xiamen International Investment Fair, September 8, 2002)2、 Passage 2The second area I want to focus on is what we know we do not know. In other words, the uncertainties related to the further opening of China's market. //Clearly, we do not know exactly how numerous industries will evolve. And it is a lack of advanced knowledge that is prompting much speculation. In the area of financial services for example, some predict that many of China' s domestic banks will have a limited life span once the market is fully opened up in five years time. //Personally, I do not share this view. I think they will be very strong competitors z partly because they are in the advantageous position of knowing the marketplace, partly because they have national networks that are impossible —not to mention impractical —to match. And partly because they have a strong base of customers and are becoming increasingly modern Consider the mainland's largest bank, the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China. It recently announced that it has more than 10,000 corporations and 1.8 million individuals using its online banking services. But the main reason I think domestic banks in China will be strong competitors : they are very fast learners . //Another thing we know we do not know —and this specifically relates to Hong Kong -is the indirect benefits that will flow from a more open market in China. For example, if mainland investors are allowed to invest their foreign exchange holdings in Hong Kong,the SAR'sstock market would clearly benefit. Hong would also know we do that if banks in Hong Kong are permitted to deposits z the SAR's status as an international financial centre premier regional financial centre will be enhanced even further. we know this ideais being considered, but we do not know when it may happen. //Finally, we know that we do not know how China will change the WTO. What role will the country play in shaping future trade talks? Will China' s presence prompt other members to address the concerns of developing nations more readily? And how will another large player at the table affect overall group dynamics?/ /One thing that is clear: the WTO is much more of a global body now than it was prior to China's entry. Simply put, no organization can rightly call itself global if it does not include the world's most populous nation. // (Excerpts from "China and the WTO: the 15-year Itch" by Mr. David Eldon, Chairman of Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited, at Hong Kong Association of New York breakfast meeting 3、Passage 3 Let me illustrate that. As China grows world class companies and these go out into international markets, many are attracted to Britain. We now have over 170 mainland Chinese companies operating profitably and successfully in Britain, and many more from Hong Kong. Our trade and investment support organization, UK Trade & Investment, operating in Beij ing, Shanghai and Guangzhou, assisted many of these companies in their new venture and have contributed to their success. Investment in Britain from China is growing quickly. Lenovo, Huawei, China Digital Display are among the companies which have established their lead operations for Europe in Britain. //We offer an open and successful economy. We are the world's fifth largest trading nation, and probably the most international in orientation —so a great place for Chinese companies wishing to develop international competitiveness . We are the second largest investor overseas . We are the leading European investor in China, with 3, 400 joint ventures and nearly US $20 billion in contractual investment. To take a recent example, Bookham, the British optical component technology company has just acquired a new factory in Shenzhen. //Crucially, Britain is also the second largest recipient of inward investment in the world. That means the best companies from around the world choose Britain to base their investments in Europe, and to help in their global research effort. //How can all this help Chinese companies?First, we have learnt that investment overseas—the "going out" policy in China—brings enormous benefits to the parent company and to its own home economy over the short and long term. We have the longest experience as a country in helping new investors to succeed with profit. //Second, we know how important it is to choose the right country to invest in on the basis of objective criteria. The most important criterion is the judgment of international business, and international business has shown clearly its own preference for Britain as the location of choice in Europe. //About 40% of America's and Japan's massive investments in Europe go to one single country out of the 25 nations that make up the EU—to Britain. The consensus from the Chinese communities in Asia is even stronger. 70% of Hong Kong ' s and Taiwan ' s investment in Europe goes to Britain, and 50% of Singapore ' s . Only last month Huawei of Shenzhen celebrated the inauguration of Huawei UK. This important investment project, creating 200 new jobs over the next three years, is the largest Chinese investment made in Britain to date. //Third, we have a very open and advanced economy. Some of the most advanced users in the world for all ICT services are based in the City of London, a global financial center. The UK was rated as the best environment for e-commerce among major markets in a recent survey. We are a leading market in mobile communications, in digital television, and in other areas. //Fourth, we are at the heart of European business, and the location of choice for European Headquarters. Europe—the world's largest single developed market—has just got bigger, growing with the accession of Central and Eastern European countries to nearly 500 million people. //(Excerpts from the speech delivered by the British Ambassador Sir Christopher Hum at the opening of the 7th China Bei j ing International High-tech Expo on May21, 2004 ) 4、Passage 4Manulife-Sinochem Life Insurance Co. Ltd. will open a branch office in Beij ing, China. This is Manulife-Sinochem's second branch license and the first multiple-branch license granted to a foreign-invested joint venture life insurance company by the China Insurance Regulatory Commission. //Canadian Prime Minister Jean Chreacuteeacutetien j oinedManulif e-Sinochem representatives, including Manulife Financial Corporation's President and Chief Executive Officer Dominic D 'Alessandro, for an official ribbon - cut ting ceremony today at the St. Regis Hotel in Beij ing to mark the beginning of preparations for the new Beij ing branch. //"We are very pleased to have the opportunity to serve new customers in Beij ing and provide them with industry-leading products and financial protection," said Victor Apps, Executive Vice President and General Manager of Manulife Financial, Asia. "Beij ing presents a fantastic opportunity for growth of our China business. We look forward to providing our new customers with innovative products to meet their financial objectives. " //"Manulif e-Sinochem is prepared to launch its operations in Beij ing as quickly as possible," said Marc Sterling, Senior Vice-President, Regional Operations, Asia. "This development will take our business to new levels z leveraging our seven years of experience in China so we can bring the best this industry has to offer to the citizens of Bei j ing—both in terms of career opportunities and financial offerings. " // "Manulife-Sinochem is committed to national expansion in China, and our license to operate in Beij ing represents a critical step in this vision," added Mr. Sterling. // As the first foreign - invested j oint venture life insurance company in China, Manulife- Sinochem has been an industry pioneer since it began operations in Shanghai in 1996, demonstrating considerable success and becoming a major player in China's insurance market. Manulife-Sinochem is dedicated to developing agency training, product design, market exploration and service effectiveness . In November 2002 , Manul i f e - S inochem launched its first branch office in Guang z hou—a Iso the first branch license granted to a foreign - invested j oint venture insurance company in China. // Today, the Company' s agency force has grown to more than 3,300 professionally trained agents serving more than 200,000 customers in Shanghai and Guangzbou. For the first six months of 2003, new annualized premium sales increased 18% over the same period last year, while total premiums and deposits increased 24%. //Manulife Financial is a leading Canadian-based financial services group operating in 15 countries and territories worldwide. Through its extensive network of employees,agents and distribution partners, Manulife Financial offers clients a diverse range of financial protection products and wealth management services. Funds under management by Manulife Financial were Cdn $139.8 billion as of June 30, 2002 . //(Excerpts from " Manul i f e - S inochem Receives Bei j ing Branch Office License" from www. beifing, gc. ca)汉译英5、第一篇国有商业银行在市场化转型中已经取得重大进展。
大学里可考的各种证书及简介
大学里可考的各种证书及简介一、英语证书（一）大学四、六级证书（CET-4，CET-6）：1、发证单位：教育部2、时间：每年6月、12月3、简介：极其重要，积分体制改革后，证书被取消了，一般认为英语四级的及格线是425分。
英语四级成绩达到425分以上（含425分）者，可以报考英语六级。
四级成绩为550分以上（含550 分）可以参加四级英语口试，六级成绩为520分以上（含520分）可以参加六级英语口试；在调查中记者发现，绝大多数同学都能够过各个学校默认的分数线，有的学校要求国贸等相关专业的同学六级达到一定的分数。
此外，用人单位会制定相关的四六级分数线。
4、Tips：阅读是拿分的关键。
在考前适当地有计划地背些单词。
（二）专业四八级（TEM4，TEM8）：1、发证单位：高等学校外语专业教学指导委员会2、时间：每年4月3、简介：（1）TEM4考试属于尺度参照性标准化考试，以60分为及格分数，成绩分为三个等级：60-69分合格；70-79分良好；80分以上优秀。
外语系老师介绍此类考试不属于选拔性考试，通过相对较简单，但是得优秀比较难。
（2）TEM8考试是一种测试应试者单项和综合语言能力的水平考试。
考试的范围包括大纲所规定的听、读、写、译四个方面的技能。
专八考试通过率也是检验学校英语专业教学质量的重要指标。
据网上公布的资料显示，全国平均通过率约50%左右。
TEM4和TEM8一般来说是英语系学生的专利。
非英语专业学生考的很少。
很多职位要求，如翻译或者外籍主管的助理。
4、Tips：多听新闻，积累语言、语音、文化、英美概况方面的知识，拓宽知识面。
（三）上海中高级口译资格证书1、发证单位：上海外语口译资格证书考试委员会2、简介：上海中高级口译分两个阶段即笔试和口试。
考试涵盖面很广，听说读写译都有涉及，考试内容也很丰富，英美国家的政治、经济、文化，中国国情文化等。
考生只有通过笔试才能参加第二阶段考试。
据网上公布的数字，中级口译的通过率在25%，而高级口译则只有6%到10%。
翻译二级口译实务-金融贸易(Finance+and+Trade)
翻译二级口译实务-金融贸易(Finance and Trade)(总分：16.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、{{B}}英译汉{{/B}}(总题数：4，分数：8.00)1.{{B}}Passage 1{{/B}} I am very pleased to be back at the Xiamen International Investment Fair again. The level of interest and attendance recognizes the Fair's importance and high standing with the international investment community. I congratulate MOEFEC and all those concerned with organizing the Fair, including of course the Xiamen authorities. // When I was here last year we were on the threshold of China's entry to WTO. This year membership is a reality. That is one of the most significant developments to occur on the world stage in recent times. It takes a huge step furthering the process of integrating China into the world economy. There will be difficulties for Chinese companies and their employees in some sectors, particularly the SOEs, in adjusting to international competition. That is inevitable. But I believe that once those transitional difficulties are overcome, the positive benefits for China and for world trade will be immense.I admire the courage and the vision of China's leaders and people in picking up this challenge. // This year's theme is the role of international investment in creating a competitive advantage. In Britain we are thoroughly persuaded of that role. Our experience of inward investment is wholly positive. Total inward investment to the UK has now reached some~500 billion. It has created nearly 160,000 new jobs in Britain in the last three years alone. It has helped us develop and modernize our industrial base. It has introduced new products and processes. It has brought in technology and management expertise. No wonder we are whole-heartedly in favor of it! // Inward investment did not just come to us by chance. We had to work hard to create the right climate for it. Why did countries choose to invest in Britain? We are a stable country. We have a strong rule of law. We have a minimum of red tape for foreign investors. We freed up our market more than our continental European neighbors. We kept our labor costs low. We treated foreign investors and domestic producers equally. We do not mind who owns a company, so long as the business and the jobs are in Britain. // But one factor counts above all others: investment in Britain is profitable for the investor as well as beneficial for our country. That is the single most important reason why we have attracted for instance 45 percent of all Japanese inward investment in Europe and 60 percent of all Korean investment in Europe. // We hope before long to attract significant investment from China as well. To help do that we are going to spread the news in China of just how creative and innovative the British economy now is. We shall be organizing an important campaign of exhibitions and events in China this year with more to come in 2003 under the title: Britain—the Leading Edge. I hope many of you will visit the first events in Shanghai next month. // British companies know the China market well and remain keen to invest there and the China- Britain Business Council of which I am President gives them every encouragement and help to do so. Both our trade and our investment are at record levels and Britain is Europe's largest investor in China by a very considerable margin. Recent examples have included BP's investment in China's oil and gas industry and Shell's commitment to invest in the East and West oil pipeline. // I have every confidence that willingness to invest will continue so long as British firms see steady improvement in market conditions and access. There are people who oppose foreign investment, arguing that it means exporting British jobs. But that is a shortsighted view. // In a global economy, emerging markets will always be able to produce well-educated and highly-trainable workers at far lower cost than in the UK. We know that the right answer is not to inhibit foreign investment but instead to move our own economic activity towards high technology and knowledge- based industries. That is exactly what we are doing. // ("International Investment Creates an International Competitive Advantage", by Lord Charles Powell, President of the China-Britain Business Council at Xiamen InternationalInvestment Fair, September 8, 2002)（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：我很高兴再次参加厦门国际投资贸易洽谈会。
整理英语学习网站大全
GRE写作（太傻网） Just the Word 可可四六级写作 雅思写作（新东方） 雅思写作（中国雅思网）
The Compleat Lexical Tutor 四六级作文修改（新东方koolearn论坛）√ 维基语录 四六级写作（太傻网） 沪江考研英语作文 其它优秀雅思写作版块集锦 其它谚语名言类网站√ 其它优秀GRE写作版块集锦 其它优秀托福写作版块集锦
爱思英语阅读 英语分级阅读网√ 四六级阅读（无忧考网） 其它优秀雅思阅读版块集锦 阅读训练 (英国文化协会) Reading Rockets Reading (English Club) 阅读技巧（About） 其它优秀GRE阅读版块集锦 沪江考研英语阅读 考研英语阅读（免费考研论 坛） 考研英语阅读 （大家论坛） 四六级阅读（四六级考试优秀托福阅读版块集锦 托福阅读（尚友） 四六级阅读（） 其它精品阅读资源听力
大卫英语学习咖啡屋（Dave's ESL Cafe）
The English Blog Learn English with Teacher Joe ESL (About) English Baby√ Game Goo（游戏学英语） 其它国外英语学习门户网站集锦√
在线英语听力室√ 普特英语听力√
沪江听力√ 可可听力
门户
在线英语听力室 英语点津√ 沪江英语 普特英语听力 可可英语 新东方 爱思英语 恒星英语 英语学习频道 21英语网√
国外
腾讯英语 太傻网 原版英语√ 外语教育网 大耳朵英语 CRI 英语学习 旺旺英语 网易外语 其它优秀英语学习门户网站集锦
BBC英语教学(BBC Learning English)√ 英语学习（英国文化协会）√ Antimoon BBC英伦网√ 英语俱乐部 Using English English Daily 学英语网（LEO Network）
英语口译教程 Text2.1
Capitalfight资本外逃
Talentoutflow人才流失，人才外流
11.Civilstrife国内冲突
12.Malice敌意，仇恨
B.Skills
1.英译汉注意汉语用词的精炼程度，注意句型句式的精炼程度。
英文
一般语境
正式语境
Each of you
每一个人
诸位/在座各位…(嘉宾)
Thisuniversity
收入/利润为…
6.Daily efforts
·日复一日的辛勤劳动
7.Worldeconomy
Global economy
·翻译时注意区分“世界经济”“全球经济”
8.Manufacture
·制造，生产
Manufacturing industry制造业
Manufacturedgoods制造业产品
[容易错翻为“生产业”]
sustainable
·adj.可持续的
5.…reports high economic growth rates
·实现高速经济增长
[注意谓语动词的精炼选择]
[技巧]直译是“取得了高经济增速”，也可以转变为“实现高速经济增长”。这是对于形容词的灵活处理。
…records a revenue/ profit of…
英语口译教程Text2.1
A.Words and Expressions
1.Each of you
·每个人
·诸位（语体正式）
·在座每位…
2.Institution
·机构政府机构governmentinstitutions
科研机构researchinstitutions
金融机构financialinstitutions
北京大学最好的专业
法学 法学院是中国近现代法学高等教育的发源地。学院学科齐全、名师云集，开展的法学教育涵盖法学本科、知识产权第二学士学位、法学硕士、法律硕士、法学博士等多个层面，拥有多个国家级重点学科。1998年，本着“加强基础、淡化专业、因材施教、分流培养”的办学方针，法学院率先取消了法学本科教育的专业划分，只设立法学专业，本科学制为4年。学生在4年内修满最低140分并完成实习和学士学位论文后，准予毕业，授予法学学士学位。
化学分子与工程 学院按化学大学科招生，入学三年后学生可根据自己的兴趣和志向选择三个专业(化学、材料化学和应用化学)方向进一步学习。化学专业不再分无机、有机等专业，学生只在高年级按不同的研究方向做毕业论文。化学学院十分重视本科生教学工作，许多知名学者参加本科生基础课教学工作。
环境学 环境学院也是北京大学内第一个聘请外籍院长的学院，原美国佐治亚理工学院地球与大气科学系主任江家驷教授出任环境学院的第一任院长。环境学院以创世界一流为总体目标，以全方位、多层次国际化为学院发展模式，同时将注重国际经验与中国国情的结合，在学科建设中将注重已有重点学科和重点实验室建设，扶持和培育某些国家急需的学科和重要的新兴学科，为有志于资源环境的学子提供了实现自己理想的一片天空。
中国语言文学是全国中文学科中规模最大、学科最全、总体实力最强的系。本科现阶段设4个专业：中国文学、汉语语言学、古典文献学、应用语言学(中文信息处理)。这里也是北大文科院系中教授和博士生导师数量最多的院系，平均5个本科生就能拥有一位专业导师。中文系目前是按全系大专业招生，前两年不分专业，统一组织同学系统学习。第四学期开始由学生根据自己的志趣报名选择专业。
另外，还可查询一下高校师资水平和重点学科数据。代表师资水平的数据包括院士、大师级人物有多少；作为未来院士“预备队”的“长江学者”有多少；博士生导师有多少等。国家重点学科是经教育部严格评审，在各个高校相同学科中排名前一、前二名的某些学科。一所高校的“重点学科”越多，其周边也必然聚集着一个较高水平的相关学科群。
catti二口三口经济专题及数字专题口译训练[定稿]
![catti二口三口经济专题及数字专题口译训练[定稿]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/9841842efe00bed5b9f3f90f76c66137ee064f9e.png)
catti二口三口经济专题及数字专题口译训练[定稿]第一篇：catti 二口三口经济专题及数字专题口译训练[定稿] 经济专题常见名词协议deals 中国民营企业Chinese private companies 商业房地产项目commercial real estate 基础设施infrastructure关键基础设施critical infrastructure 公共基础设施public infrastructure 医疗领域healthcare 外国投资审查委员会foreign investment review board 港口 port 公用事业企业 utility/utilities 严格的审查 tough scrutiny 竞购 bid 电力公司 electricity company 国家安全 national security 农业 agriculture 农业企业 agribusiness 经济体economy/economies 国内生产总值GDP gross domestic production 居民消费价格指数 CPI consumer price index 全年粮食产量annual grain output 工业产值增长率growth in industrial production 房地产市场property market 经济支柱pillar of economy 同比增长 year on year/compared to a year earlier 名义增长率nominal growth GDP平减指数GDP deflation 通货紧缩deflation 环比增长率quarter-on-quarter growth(单位可换)金融体系 financial system 银行业 banking sector 风险抵御能力 become better to avert risks 资本充足率 capital adequacy rate 不良贷款率non-performing loans 坚持…调控 keep a firm grip on 根源 root cause 经济领域 economic sphere 三大突出矛盾 three critical issues 全球增长动能 robust driving force for global growth 短期性政策刺激short-term policy stimuli 深层次结构性改革fundamental structural reform 处在动能转换的换挡期be in a period moving toward new driving forces 传统增长引擎traditional engines to driving force 交易值 value of deals 收购 acquisition 境外交易总值total value of oversea deals 收紧资本管制 tighten capital control 产生影响 take its toll 营收 revenue 中资企业 Chinese holdings 对外投资 outward investment 三位数增长 triple-digit growth 民营企业和国有企业privately-owned companies and state-owned counterparts 贸易总量trade volume 商务部 ministry of commerce MOC 外贸总额 foreign trade volume 贸易伙伴 trade partner 贸易顺差trade surplus 出口大于进口贸易逆差trade deficit;trade gap外商直接投资 FDI foreign direct investment 增长动能 driving force / growth driver 持续稳定增长 steady growth深层次结构性改革 fundamental structural reform 传统增长引擎traditional engines to drive growth 新经济增长点 new sources of growth 经济治理economic governance 新兴市场emerging markets国际经济力量对比international economic landscape 包容性inclusiveness 全球产业布局 global industrial landscape 产业链，价值链，供应链 industrial chains, value chains, supply chains 机制封闭化 closed mechanisms 规则碎片化 fragmentation of rules 全球金融治理机制 global financial governance mechanism 国际金融市场频繁动荡frequent international financial market volatility 资产泡沫聚集 build-up of capital bubblesDay 1毕马威 KPMG 悉尼大学 University of Sydney 表达整理：1.Plummet 下降也可以使用nosedive/plunge 2.brim with 充满着，文内用的搭配是be brimming with，当然啦，你也可以选择使用be teeming with 3.select flowers 这里的select虽然本意是“选择”的意思，但是在这个语境下，“爆发的病毒选中了的花朵”其实就是“感染了病毒的花朵”的意思，又是老生常谈的话题，翻译传递的是意思而不是词。
二级口译练习：金融危机后的资本主义
二级口译练习：金融危机后的资本主义That capitalism has been shown, in practice, to be endemically flawed should come as no surprise. That is the nature of mankind. What is more important is that history, notably the history of the world after the second world war, has demonstrated beyond dispute that every other system of economic organisation is far worse. So capitalism both deserves to survive, and will survive, just as it did after the even greater economic disaster of the 1930s.实践已表明，资本主义存在固有缺陷，这一点不足为奇。
那是人类的天性。
更重要的是，历史--尤其是二战之后的世界历史--已无可辩驳地证明，其他所有经济组织制度都要糟糕得多。
因此，资本主义既应当继续存在下去，也将会继续存在下去，正如上世纪30年代那场甚至比目前更为严重的经济灾难之后的情况。
But there is another lesson of the 1930s. It is that although capitalism survives it is capable of retreating behind a protectionist shell, at great cost to global prosperity. This is a real danger today. The "Buy American" provisions in President Barack Obama's fiscal boost are an ominous sign. The impulse to resort to protection when economic hardship suddenly strikes is, of course, always present. But there is today a dangerous new factor which magnifies the threat. The leaders of some of America's largest corporations have already joined up with organised labour (the AFL-CIO) to urge Congress to impose tariffs against imports from countries (such as China, for example) which are understandably unwilling to bear the heavy costs of an obligation to curb their carbon dioxide emissions. There is considerable support in Europe, notably within the European Commission and in France, for a similar approach.但上世纪30年代还有一个教训：尽管资本主义幸存了下来，但它会缩进一个保护主义的壳里，让全球繁荣付出了惨重代价。
口译二级实务金融贸易练习试卷4(题后含答案及解析)
口译二级实务金融贸易练习试卷4(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.68%，达727亿美元。
// 2．中国由贸易顺差转为贸易逆差，贸易结构不断优化。
1991年，中国与东盟贸易额占中国对外贸易额的5.9%。
近十多年，中国对外贸易额从1991年的1357亿美元增长到2005年的14221亿美元，增长了9倍，中国与东盟贸易额占中国对外贸易额的比重上升为2005年的9.2% // 2005年，在东盟的对外贸易中，中国排第四位；在中国的对外贸易中，东盟处第五位按国别来看，中国是越南的第一大贸易伙伴，是缅甸的第二大贸易伙伴，是新加坡、泰国、菲律宾的第三大贸易伙伴，是马来西亚、印尼、柬埔寨的第四大贸易伙伴，是老挝的第五大贸易伙伴在中国对外贸易中的前十大贸易伙伴中，新加坡是中国第七大贸易伙伴，马来西亚是中国第八大贸易伙伴。
// 1991年，中国自东盟进口38.2亿美元，而2005年则高达750亿美元，增长了近19倍，东盟成为中国第三大进口来源地。
1991年，中国向东盟出口41.4亿美元，而2005年则高达553.7亿美元，增长了12倍。
1991年，中国与东盟贸易额中，中国顺差3.2亿美元，而2005年中国逆差196.3亿美元。
1991年，中国与东盟贸易产品中，以初级产品、轻纺产品为主，发展到2005年则以工业制成品为主，其中机电产品名列榜首。
// (选自中国—东盟商务理事会常务副秘书长许宁宁在中国—东盟高层论坛上题为“中国与东盟：近十五年经贸合作综述”的讲话)正确答案：China and ASEAN countries are close and interdependent neighbors. We boast over one thousand years of traditional friendship and a long history of economic exchanges. To our delight, today, we are each other’s first choice as a partner for building an economic community—China-ASEAN Free Trade Area (ETA). China- ASEAN trade has ushered in a golden age featuring unprecedented close and dynamic economic ties. The development of such economic ties has already proved and will continue to prove the shared need of both sides and beneficial to economic growth in East Asia and the world at large. // The past fifteen years have witnessed a huge increase in China-ASEAN trade volume, a rising proportion of the bilateral trade to our respective total foreign trade, a fast growth of mutual investment and more and more ASEAN projects undertaken by Chinese contractors. // 1. Bilateral trade has increased by large margins. The statistics from China’s General Administration of Customs show that in 1978, China-ASEAN trade volume was only $ 859 million. By 1991, the figure has risen to $7.96 billion, an increase of 8 times over a span of 13 years. Over the 15 years from 1991 to 2005, the bilateral trade has jumped from $7.96 billion to $130.37 billion, an increase of 15 times with an average annual increase of 20%, which surpassed the increase rate of China and ASEAN’s respective foreign trade over the same period. In the first half of 2006, China-ASEAN trade volume increased by 21.68% to $ 72.7 billion over the same period last year. // 2. China has shifted from trade surplus to trade deficit with its trade structure constantly optimized. In 1991, China-ASEAN trade volume accounted for 5.9% of China’s total foreign trade volume. Over the last ten years and more, China’s foreign trade volume has increased from $135.7 billion in 1991 to $1.4221 trillion in 2005, anincrease of 9 times. China-ASEAN trade volume accounted for 9.2% of China’s total foreign trade volume in 2005. // In 2005, China became the fourth largest trade partner of ASEAN, and ASEAN the fifth largest of China. In terms of countries rather than regions, China was the largest trade partner of Vietnam, the second largest of Myanmar, the third largest of Singapore, Thailand and the Philippines, the fourth largest of Malaysia, Indonesia and Cambodia, and the fifth largest of Laos. Among China’s top ten trade partners, Singapore ranked the seventh, and Malaysia the eighth. // China imported from ASEAN $ 3. 82 billion worth of products in 1991, and as much as $ 75 billion in 2005, an increase of nearly 19 times, making ASEAN China’s third largest source of import. In 1991, China’s export to ASEAN was $4.14 billion, and the figure reached $55.37 billion in 2005, up 12 times. China had a surplus of $ 320 million in its trade with ASEAN in 1991 and a deficit of $19. 63 billion in 2005. In 1991. China’s trade with ASEAN was mainly in primary and textile products, while by 2005, the focus of trade has shifted to manufactured products with machinery and electronic products topping the list. // (From “China and ASEAN: A Summary of Economic and Trade Cooperation over the Past Fifteen Years”delivered by Xu Ningning, Executive Vice Secretary-general of China ASEAN Businese Council, at the China-ASEAN Summit Forum) 涉及知识点：金融贸易。
口译二级实务金融贸易练习试卷2(题后含答案及解析)
口译二级实务金融贸易练习试卷2(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. English-Chinese TranslationPART 1 English-Chinese Translation (50 points, 30 minutes)Interpret the following passages from English into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal and stop it at the signal. You may take notes while you are listening. You will hear the passages only ONCE. Now let’s begin.1．Let me illustrate that. As China grows world class companies and these go out into international markets, many are attracted to Britain. We now have over 170 mainland Chinese companies operating profitably and successfully in Britain, and many more from Hong Kong. Our trade and investment support organization, UK Trade & Investment, operating in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou, assisted many of these companies in their new venture and have contributed to their success. Investment in Britain from China is growing quickly. Lenovo, Huawei, China Digital Display are among the companies which have established their lead operations for Europe in Britain. // We offer an open and successful economy. We are the world’s fifth largest trading nation, and probably the most international in orientation —so a great place for Chinese companies wishing to develop international competitiveness. We are the second largest investor overseas. We are the leading European investor in China, with 3, 400 joint ventures and nearly US $20 billion in contractual investment. To take a recent example, Bookham, the British optical component technology company has just acquired a new factory in Shenzhen. // Crucially, Britain is also the second largest recipient of inward investment in the world. That means the best companies from around the world choose Britain to base their investments in Europe, and to help in their global research effort. // How can all this help Chinese companies? First, we have learnt that investment overseas—the “going out” policy in China—brings enormous benefits to the parent company and to its own home economy over the short and long term. We have the longest experience as a country in helping new investors to succeed with profit. // Second, we know how important it is to choose the right country to invest in on the basis of objective criteria. The most important criterion is the judgment of international business, and international business has shown clearly its own preference for Britain as the location of choice in Europe. // About 40% of America’s and Japan’s massive investments in Europe go to one single country out of the 25 nations that make up the EU—to Britain. The consensus from the Chinese communities in Asia is even stronger. 70% of Hong Kong’s and Taiwan’s investment in Europe goes to Britain, and 50% of Singapore’s. Only last month Huawei of Shenzhen celebrated the inauguration of Huawei UK. This important investment project, creating 200 new jobs over the next three years, is the largest Chinese investment made in Britain to date. // Third, we have a very open and advanced economy. Some of the most advanced users in the world for all ICT services are based in the City of London, a global financialcenter. The UK was rated as the best environment for e-commerce among major markets in a recent survey. We are a leading market in mobile communications, in digital television, and in other areas. // Fourth, we are at the heart of European business, and the location of choice for European Headquarters. Europe—the world’s largest single developed market—has just got bigger, growing with the accession of Central and Eastern European countries to nearly 500 million people. // (Excerpts from the speech delivered by the British Ambassador Sir Christopher Hum at the opening of the 7th China Beijing International High-tech Expo on May21, 2004)正确答案：让我来说明一下。
经济金融口译常用词汇（一）
经济金融口译常用词汇（一）account number 帐目编号depositor 存户pay-in slip 存款单a deposit form 存款单a banding machine 自动存取机to deposit 存款deposit receipt 存款收据private deposits 私人存款certificate of deposit 存单deposit book, passbook 存折credit card 信用卡principal 本金overdraft, overdraw 透支to counter sign 双签to endorse 背书endorser 背书人to cash 兑现to honor a check 兑付to dishonor a check 拒付to suspend payment 止付check 支票check book 支票本order check 记名支票bearer check 不记名支票crossed check 横线支票blank check 空白支票rubber check 空头支票check stub, counterfoil 票根cash check 现金支票traveler's check 旅行支票check for transfer 转帐支票outstanding check 未付支票canceled check 已付支票forged check 伪支票bandar's note 庄票，银票banker 银行家president 行长savings bank 储蓄银行chase bank 大通银行national city bank of new york 花旗银行hongkong shanghai banking corporation 汇丰银行chartered bank of india, australia and china 麦加利银行banque de i'indo chine 东方汇理银行central bank, national bank, banker's bank 中央银行bank of issue, bank of circulation 发行币银行commercial bank 商业银行，储蓄信贷银行member bank, credit bank 储蓄信贷银行discount bank 贴现银行exchange bank 汇兑银行requesting bank 委托开证银行issuing bank, opening bank 开证银行advising bank, notifying bank 通知银行negotiation bank 议付银行confirming bank 保兑银行paying bank 付款银行associate banker of collection 代收银行consigned banker of collection 委托银行clearing bank 清算银行local bank 本地银行domestic bank 国内银行overseas bank 国外银行unincorporated bank 钱庄branch bank 银行分行trustee savings bank 信托储蓄银行trust company 信托公司financial trust 金融信托公司unit trust 信托投资公司trust institution 银行的信托部credit department 银行的信用部commercial credit company(discount company) 商业信贷公司（贴现公司）neighborhood savings bank, bank of deposit 街道储蓄所credit union 合作银行credit bureau 商业兴信所self-service bank 无人银行land bank 土地银行construction bank 建设银行industrial and commercial bank 工商银行bank of communications 交通银行mutual savings bank 互助储蓄银行post office savings bank 邮局储蓄银行mortgage bank, building society 抵押银行industrial bank 实业银行home loan bank 家宅贷款银行reserve bank 准备银行chartered bank 特许银行corresponding bank 往来银行merchant bank, accepting bank 承兑银行investment bank 投资银行import and export bank (eximbank) 进出口银行joint venture bank 合资银行money shop, native bank 钱庄credit cooperatives 信用社clearing house 票据交换所public accounting 公共会计business accounting 商业会计cost accounting 成本会计depreciation accounting 折旧会计computerized accounting 电脑化会计。
口译金融词汇.docx
口译考点中的金融词汇anticipated acceptance提前支付的承兑汇票bank [banker's] acceptance银行承兑 ( 票据 )blank acceptance不记名承兑票据blanket acceptance全部接收clear acceptance无条件承兑,单纯承兑actuals n.现货adulteration n.掺假；劣等货，假货，次品affiliate n.附属公司；联营公司 aftermarket n.后继市场；零件市场 alienation n.转让，让渡alience n.受让人allocation n. 拨款；分配alms [a:mz] n. 救济金；捐款amendment n.修正；赔款annuity n.年金；养老金application n. 请求，申请；应用arbitrage n.套利，套汇arbitrage of exchange 多角套汇arrear n. [常用复 ] 欠款arrears of work 该完而未完的工作arrears of rent 拖欠的房租arrestment n.财产扣押，扣留assessment n评.估；确定金额assessor n估.计财产的人；确定税款的人assistantship n.(大学 )研究生奖学金 (该研究生同时为 assistant) associate editor[美 ]副主编associate judge 陪审法官auditing n. 审计；查帐；决算avail n.效益；营业收入without avail无效awardee n.受奖者awarder n.授奖者bail [beil] n. 保释金；保释；保释人v.保释（与out 连用）bail a person out保释出某人ballooning n. 股票上涨；非法操纵价格bargain n.交易；便宜货barter n.物物交换，以货易货，实物交易bearer cheque 不记名支票bearish a.（行情）看跌的，卖空的beneficiary n. 受益人bidder n.（拍卖时的）出价人，报价人；投标人binder n.临时契约；装订工 blanknote n.空白支票bubble n.高风险投资；泡；水泡bulk-cheap n.薄利多销bull-bear n.多头空头bullish a. 股票行情看涨的；物价上涨的by-business n 副业，兼职by-law n. 公司章程；细则，附则(by- 表示“次要的 , 附带的”之义 ) by-product 副产品call n.付款要求（通知书） call a loan. 讨还借债 cadre n.干部canvasser n.挨户推销商品的推销员canvass vi.拉选票 (for),游说capitation n. 人头税；按人头收费；按人计算casher n.出纳员circulate v.循环；流通；流传circulation n. 循环；流传；流通；报刊等的发行量clause n.(合同 ) 条款clearance n.甩卖；调节贷款；交换票据等competitor n. 竞争者conglomerate n.联合大企业consolidation n. 企业合并consumerism n.保护消费者利益主义；商品的消费和销售性服务consumption n. 消耗，消费containerization n. 集装箱化contract in 承包contract out 包出去；给人承包contractor n. 承包人；承包商contributor n. 捐助人；纳税人controller n. 主计员；总会计师convertible a. 可兑换的，可兑现的conveyance n.（不动产等的）转让，让与；转让证书counterfeit n./v. 伪造，假冒n.假货，伪造品 (fake n.假货 , 欺骗 vt.伪造, 赝造)counterfoll n. 存根，票根curb vt. 制止，控制，抑制n. 路边 , 场外证券市场，场外交易debenture n.债券；信用债券；（海关）退税凭单bank debenture 金融债券bearer debenture不记名债券debit n. 借方，借项；记入借方的款项debt n.债务，欠债debtee n.债权人debtor n.债务人；借方debt-redden n.负债累累cover the deficit弥补亏损deficit financing赤字财政deficit spending赤字开支financial deficit财政赤字 ,预算赤字foreign trade deficit对外贸易逆差depreciation n. 折旧；价值下降depression n.萧条，不景气discount n.折扣，折价；贴现dishonour n./vt. 拒付disinflation n. 反通货膨胀dissolution n. 解除（契约）；解散distrain n. 为抵债而扣押1dividend n. 股利，股息，红利docking n. 扣工资dole n.失业救济 on the dole 从政府或政府一类的机关那里接受固定救济的downpayment n.预付定金；分期付款drawback n.收回税款，退税embezzle vt 贪污，盗用；挪用（公款、公物等）enclosure n.随信附件endorse n.(支票、汇票等 )背书，背署；批注；赞成，同意endorsee n.被背书人endorsement n.背书 (支票、汇票等 )；签名；保险批单entry n.报关手续 ; 报关单 ;入帐evasion n. 逃避，偷漏 (税)excise n.国内商品（烟、酒等）税,消费税ex-dividend n.无股利，无股息executor n.遗嘱执行人exemption n. 豁免 ,免税额expediter n. 稽查员expenditure n.支出 ,开支expense n.花费 ,经费 ;(pl.) 费用financial a. 财政的 , 金融的financier n 资本家；金融家financing n. 筹资 ,资金供应fiscal adj. 国库的 , 财政的 , 金融的，会计的forfeit n. 罚金 , 罚款franchise n 特许 , 特权；专卖权 ,特许权franchisee n.特许经营人franchiser n. 给别人经营联营特许权的公司或制造厂giroback n. 转帐支票glut n 存货过多，供过于求goodwill n. 信誉，商誉graft n. 贪污 ,受贿，不义之财grant n.(政府 )拨款 grant-in-aid n. 财政补贴gravy n. 利润 , 容易赚到的钱greenback n.美钞bank guarantee 银行担保cash guarantee保证金haggle vi.讨价还价；争论不休（常与about, over 连用）huckster n.零售商；小贩；商业广告员vi. 销售；零卖hawker n. 沿街叫卖的小贩hyperinflation n恶性通货膨胀hypermarket n.特大百货商场，特大超级商场hypothecation n 抵押immunity n. 优惠；免除；豁免（常与from 连用），豁免权immunity from taxation免税imperialism n. 帝国主义economic imperialism经济帝国主义military-feudal imperialism 军事封建帝国主义impost n. 税，进口税，关税incorporation n./v. 合并 ; 组建公司increment n. 增值，增价；提薪，增加工资increment of value duties 增值税 incrementof a function 函数之增量 indebted adj. 负债的，法律上有义务偿还的indent n.订单 ,代购订单 ,委托采购，国外商品订货单indentor n. 国外订货商indispensable adj.不可缺少的 , 绝对必要的indulgence n. 付款延期 , 放任 industrial a. 工业的 ,产业的 ;实业的industrialize v.( 使 )工业化industrialist n. 实业家inflate vt. 使通货膨胀，使物价上涨inflatee n. 通货膨胀受害人inflation n. 通货膨胀innovation n. 革新input n. 输入 ;投入 (资金或物质 )inscribing n.注册，买或卖股票；登记inscription n.证券持有人的登记installment n. 分期付款 ;分期收款insurance n.保险 ;保险业integrate v.联合 ;一体化interest n.兴趣 ;利益 ;利息 ;股权interest-free n.无息的intermediary n.中间商，中间人 a.中间的interpool n. 国际联营inventory n. 存货清单 ;商品清单invest v.投资investee n. 接受投资者investment n.投资 ,投资额investor n. 投资者，投资人invoice n. 发票IOU(=I owe you) n. 借据irregular n. (pl.) 等外品；有小缺陷的商品jobber n. 批发商，经纪人；做零工的人；股票买卖经纪人 jobholder n. 有固定职业者；公务员，政府雇员job-hop vi.经常换职业~er n.经常换职业者job-hunter n. 求职者joint-venture n.合资经营,合资经营企业,合资企业kickback n. 酬金，佣金 , 回扣(backhander n. 贿赂 ,<英 >回扣 )killing n. 巨额利润；突然赚大钱，发大财kite n. 风筝 ;空头支票kite-flyer n.开空头支票者knocker n. 挨户敲门的推销员，上门推销员(bagman n.推销员 , ( 贿赂事件的 )中间人2salesman n.售 ,推 )know-how n.(口) 知 , 技秘 , business know-how 事能力processing know-how (工 )操作秘 ; ( 工 )操作秘方technical know-how技知; 技秘密 ; 工技leasehold n.租 , 租；租,租期 a.租来的leaseholder n. 租人 , 承租人leaser n. 出租人leave of absence准假 ; 休假leave with pay有薪假期loan n.款 ; 借款vt.借 ,借loanee n. 人loaner n. 人loco n. 当地交markdown n. 减价 , 价商品价格markup n. 提高价，成本加利；毛利；monopoly n. 断moonlighting n. 兼，同兼两份工作或vi. 兼mortgage n.抵押 ;抵押契据most-favored-nation adj 最惠国待遇multiples n.跨国公司multiplexing n.商店；多路notary n. 公人 , 公obligee n.人，利人obligor n. 人，欠者offeree n.受人，被价人offerer n.人，价人out-of-stock n. 缺，脱overdraft v./n. 透支overdraw n.透支 ,超支overdue a.期的 ;期未付的overproduction n. 生剩 , 量生override n. 佣金 (commission n.委托 ,授 ,佣金 rake-off n.<俚 > 佣金, 回扣)overvalued n. 定价高owe v.欠,欠 ; 把⋯功于ownership n.所有 ,所有制par n.等价 ;票面价adj.票面的 , 平价的 , 平均的 at par按照票面价 (等 )issue par 行价格parameter n.参数 ;系数parity n. 平价 ,等价 , 同等；平等partnership n.合伙 ,合作企parity of treatment同等待遇parity price平衡价格passbook n. 存折；客欠簿(bankbook n.行存折 )payable a.到期付的payee n.收款人，取款人payer n.付款人；交付人；付款人payment n.付款 ,支付payroll n. 工表 ;放工；在册工人数peg n.定价格penalty n.;金pension n.养老金 , 退休金perk n. 外津；；小(fee n. 小 ,( 会、学等 ), 酬金 ; tip n. 小 )posting n., ；登premium n. 金 , 利；保；溢价 premiumon the price 交易所水 premium pay 加班工 , 假日工 premium system 金制度prepackaged n.先包装好的商品prepay v.付promisee n. 受人 , 承人promiser n. 立人promotion n. 促 ;提升 ;提倡 ;促property n.;性能 , 特性proprietary n.,所有 ,所有人proprietorship n独企rally n/v. 价格止跌 ;回升n.集会ratal /`rei~ /n. 税rating n.估价 ;估ration v/n. 定量配rat race n.商争 ;事上争rat-race n.商争；事争realty n. 不 ;房地 (real estate n.房地 , 房地所有 ) rebate v/n.折扣 ;回扣 ;退款 vt. ...回扣， ...打折扣 export rebates 出口减税freight rebate 运回扣insurance rebate保回扣receipt n.收到 ;收据 ,收条recession n.不景气 ,衰退refund n./v.退款 ,款reimbursement n. 付 , （款） ,，reminder n.催付remit v. 款，减，免除，推remittance n.款 ,寄款 ,remittee n. 款取人remitter n. 款人renewal n. （契等的）展期，requisition n. 正式 ;3reserve vt.保留 ;预订n.储备 (资金 )ROI (=return on investment) n. 投资收益率 (利润率 )roundsman n. 推销员，稽查员sanction n 批准；许可 ;(pl.) 经济制裁satiety n. （市场的）充分供应；饱和settle up 付清 (欠帐 )shoestring n.小额资本；零星资本 a.小本经营的；小规模的slack a.萧条的，呆滞的slash v.（大幅度地）削减；减低slump n.暴跌；经济衰退期; 消沉v.失败 , 消沉 , (物价 ) 暴跌 , 跌落snip n.便宜货；廉价货soar v.剧增；猛涨sop n.贿赂n.面包片v.浸specification n. 规格 ,说明书speculation n.投机买卖economic stagnation 经济停滞stake n.投资本金[pl.]赌物;赌金;[pl.]奖金[品];利害关系,风险stockbroker n.证券经纪人stockholder n.股东 ;持股人stockholding n. 股金 ,股份stockjobber n. 证券批发商；股票投机商stockpile n.囤储物资stocktaking n. 存货盘点，盘货subcontract n.转包合同 ;分契 ;对象sublet v.转租 ;分租subordinate n.部下 ,下属subsidy n.补贴 ;补助金tariff n. 关税 ; 收费表teller n. 出纳员tenderer n 投标人tertiary—industry n. 第三产业tie-in-sale n. 搭配销售，搭卖toll n.( 路、桥等 )通行费； (重大 )损失tout v.推销；招徕；兜售；吹捧；劝诱turnover n.营业额，销售额；人员调整；周转aggregate turnover 周转总额annual turnover 年营业额VAT(=value added tax) n. 增值税V.C.=venture capital 风险资本withdrawal n. 提款；撒回4。
对外汉语中级口语中国银行体系
在中国有超过500家商业银行包括国有商业银行，股份制商业 银行，地方银行，外资银行等。
CommerciaБайду номын сангаас Banks 商业银行
State-owned Commercial banks
(the big five) 国有五大商业银行
The Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (ICBC) The agricultural Bank of China (ABC)
State-owned banks are highly profitable
国有商行持有高利润
T h a n k Yo u !
~谢谢~
>>>>>>>>
China’s Banking System
zhōnɡ ɡuó de yín hánɡ tǐ xì 中 国 的银 行 体系
1 Brief Introduction
简介
2
中央银行和政策性银行 商业银行
Central Bank and Policy Banks
3 Commercial Banks
2. Functions
national currency.
2. 功能
1）发行货币：只有它才可以发行货币和统一
本国货币。
> > > > > > > > 2）中央银行： 2) Central Bank :
1)) act as fiscal agent. 1))代理金融机构。 2)) act national issue of bonds. 2))行事债券全国发行。 3)) support the national grant 3))支持国家信贷职能。 credit. 4))制定并监督执行有关 4)) develop and supervise 财务管理规定。 implementation of the relevant 。 financial management regulations.5))保持外汇和黄金储备 5)) keep foreign exchange and gold 6))代表政府参加国际金 reserves. 融组织活动。 6)) On behalf of the government participate in the international financial organizations.
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
一级市场上发行的证券和金融工具如股票，债券，期权和期货在另一个市场上供人们买进卖出，这就是二级市场。“二级市场”也指进行旧货交易的二手市场，或因现有产品或资产的功能拓展而产生的二级消费市场。比如，传统市场上玉米的首要功能是生产食品和喂养牲畜，但是其可以生产酒精的功能被发掘后，二级甚或三级消费市场就产生了。此外,证券交易市场和柜台交易市场也属于二级市场。
二级市场上的资产种类繁多，从借贷到股票，从零碎资产到大笔集中资金，从非流动资金到流动资金,各不相同。主要的证券交易所内进行的就是二级市场中流动资产的交易，这种情况下,股票都来自公开募股的公司。像纽约证券交易所，纳斯达克和美国证券交易所之类的交易所为合格的投资者提供了一个集中买卖流动资产的二级市场，而投资者必须拥有可以在这些交易所内流通的证券或股票。大部分的债权和结构产品在场外交易，即直接与对方的经纪人在电话里交易。有时候，贷款交易使用在线借贷交易市场进行。
柜台交易或场外交易是指交易双方直接向对方买卖股票，债券，商品期货或衍生品等金融工具,相对的,场内交易是通过期货交易所或股票交易所等设施进行,这些设施正是为交易而造.在美国,股票的场外交易由报价商开展,报价商们通过粉单报价(由粉单场外交易公司<Pink OTC Markets>操作)和场外柜台交易系统(OTCBB)等交易商之间的报价服务在场外柜台交易系统（OTCBB）和粉单市场上交易。虽然交易所内买卖的股票可以在三级市场上进行场外交易，但是场外交易的股票一般不在任何股票交易所上市交易。在场外柜台交易系统（OTCBB）上报价的股票必须遵守美国证监会（SEC）的规定，而其他场外交易（OTC）股票如粉单证券等没有此类要求，因为这些被归为高级市场类（OTCQX）的股票已经符合粉单场外交易公司（Pink OTC Markets）的信息披露规定。场外交易合同是一份双边契约，根据合同，交易双方商定在未来的某个时间实践某项特定的交易或约定，通常由投资银行直接交给其客户。远期和互换是此类合同的主要类型，多数情况下通过电脑或电话完成。通常情况下，如果合同涉及到衍生品交易，则必须遵守国际掉期业务和衍生投资工具协会的规定。
纽约商业交易所为一些场外交易中普遍流通的能源衍生工具创立了一个清算机制,通过它,许多双边场外交易中的交易商可以在双方商定的情况下,把交易项目移交给清算港,即交易所的清算部门，从而消除初始场外交易对象的信用风险和业绩风险。
With primary issuances of securities or financial instruments, or the primary market, investors purchase these securities directly from issuers such as corporations issuing shares in an IPO or private placement, or directly from the federal government in the case of treasuries. After the initial issuance, investors can purchase from other investors in the secondary market.
在证券或金融工具进行首次发行时,即在初级市场上,投资者可直接从发行者手中购进证券或金融工政府手中买进国库券。首次发行过后,投资者们可在二级市场上进行再次交易.
The secondary market for a variety of assets can vary from loans to stocks, from fragmented to centralized, and from illiquid to very liquid. The major stock exchanges are the most visible example of liquid secondary markets - in this case, for stocks of publicly traded companies. Exchanges such as the New York Stock Exchange, Nasdaq and the American Stock Exchange provide a centralized, liquid secondary market for the investors who own stocks that trade on those exchanges. Most bonds and structured products trade “over the counter,” or by phoning the bond desk of one’s broker-dealer. Loans sometimes trade online using a Loan Exchange.
Over-the-counter market场外交易市场/柜台交易市场
Over-the-counter (OTC) or off-exchange trading is to trade financial instruments such as stocks, bonds, commodities or derivatives directly between two parties. It is contrasted with exchange trading, which occurs via facilities constructed for the purpose of trading (i.e., exchanges), such as futures exchanges or stock exchanges. In the U.S., over-the-counter trading in stock is carried out by market makers that make markets in OTCBB and Pink Sheets securities using inter-dealer quotation services such as Pink Quote (operated by Pink OTC Markets) and the OTC Bulletin Board (OTCBB). OTC stocks are not usually listed nor traded on any stock exchanges, though exchange listed stocks can be traded OTC on the third market. Although stocks quoted on the OTCBB must comply with U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) reporting requirements, other OTC stocks, such as those stocks categorized as Pink Sheets securities, have no reporting requirements, while those stocks categorized as OTCQX have met alternative disclosure guidelines through Pink OTC Markets. An over-the-counter contract is a bilateral contract in which two parties agree on how a particular trade or agreement is to be settled in the future. It is usually from an investment bank to its clients directly. Forwards and swaps are prime examples of such contracts. It is mostly done via the computer or the telephone. For derivatives, these agreements are usually governed by an International Swaps and Derivatives Association agreement.
Secondary Market二级市场
The secondary market, also known as the aftermarket, is the financial market where previously issued securities and financial instruments such as stock, bonds, options, and futures are bought and sold. The term "secondary market" is also used to refer to the market for any used goods or assets, or an alternative use for an existing product or asset where the customer base is the second market (for example, corn has been traditionally used primarily for food production and feedstock, but a "second" or "third" market has developed for use in ethanol production). Stock exchange and over the counter markets.