句子成分与连词

___________________________________ 定语(attribute)、 状语(adverbial) 和___________________ 补语(complement)
英语句子的种类
简单句 (simple sentence)
并列句 (compound sentence)
除了be 系动词外，还有一些动词也可以用作系动词， 1)表感官的动词: feel, smell, taste, sound, look, appear, seem 等。 2) 表转变变化的动词: become, get, grow, turn, go,等 3)表延续的动词 remain, keep, hold, stay, rest等。
同等重要，其中一个句子由从属连词引 导（从句），用以修饰另一句子（主句）。
1. I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday. ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ 主 谓 定 宾 同 状 语 语 语 语 位 语 语 ↓ ↓ 修 修 饰 饰 名 动 词 词
常用的关联词有：though, although, if even if, even though,
8) 方式状语从句
He did just as you told him.
常用的关联词有：as, as if, as though, how
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9) 程度状语从句 So long as you need me, I’ll stay.
He made a promise, but He didn’t keep it.
复合句 = 主句 + 从句
复合句与简单句：复合句 = 简单句 + 从属连词 + 简单句
它必须和一个 主句连用，不能独立存在。 复合句可以通过把两个以上简单句连接
在一起构成,但复合句的各组成部份并非
While Mr. White was taking a shower，the UFO landed on the street. when引导的状语从句的动作多为终止性动词， 也为可持续动词；但while只能是可持续动词。
考点二
not…until/ till 直到……才 …till 直到……为止
①Either
考点四
not only A but also B “不仅A而且B” “就近原则”
am going to the party. you or I _____ has seen the movie. I nor he ______
】
(或者你或者我将去晚会。)
②Neither
（我和他都没有看过这部电影。）
复合句 (complex sentence)
简单句 (simple sentence)
A.只包含一个主谓结 构Mary opened the door. B.两个主语和一个谓语
Steve and his friend are coming to dinner.
C.一个主语和两个谓语
Mary opened the door and greeted the guests.
5. I found the book‹easy. ›
主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾补
主 + 谓 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语
Practice
Nobody went. She became a doctor. The car caught fire. I will write you a long letter.
常用的关联词有：so, so that, in order that
6) 条件状语从句
If it snows tomorrow, we will build a snowman.
常用的关联词有：if, unless, in case that,
7) 让步状语从句 Though I’m fond of music,I can’t play any instrument.
简单句的 五种基本句型
掌握这五种基本句型, 是掌握各种 英语句子结构的基础。
Ⅰ.简单句
1. Things changed. 2. Trees are green. 3. We don’t beat children.
主 + 谓 + 宾 主 + 谓 + 表 主 + 谓
4. He gave his sister the piano.
翻译：他直到3岁才会讲话。
couldn’t speak until he was 3. He _________
我父亲直到我们吃完饭时才回来。 他经常等到妈妈叫他才起床。
didn’t come back until we had supper. My father ______
when I went to the station yesterday.
状语从句
分为九类：时间、地点、原因、结果、 目的、条件、让步、方式、程度 1) 时间状语从句 Wait until you are called. When spring came, leaves turn green.
常用的关联词有：as, after, before, since, till/ until, when, while, as soon as, whenever等
常用的关联词有：so, so that, as far as, so long as
考点一
“when” 和 “while”
C the UFO Mr. White was taking a shower _____ landed on the street.
A. where B. while C. when D. whether
e.g. (他努力工作，但以失败告终。)
He worked hard, ______ he failed at last. but He worked hard. _________, he failed at last. However
区别: but 后没有逗号，直接连接分句； however 后有逗号相隔，可放句末。
或 He is over sixty, but he works as hard as others. （2）“Because John was ill, so I took him to the doctor.” 同样，此句错误， because 和 so 等关联词都不能同时使用。
--- 连词词组 ： either A or B “或者A或者B” 【连接主语 neither A nor B “既不A也不B” 时，谓语
③Not
only you but also he speaks ________ French.
（不但你而且他也讲法语。）
Exercise: 请用合适的并列连词把每组句子合并为一个并列句。 1. He was tired. He went to bed.
He was tired, so he went to bed.
???
*
观察句子 ：
考点三 ：
although/ though 和but这两个关联词不能同时用
（1）Although he is over sixty, but he works as hard as others. 改为：Although he is over sixty, he works as hard as others.
二、连词分类： 连词：and, but, or, so, (for)
并列连词
连词词组: either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, both…and, (as well as) 从属连词—— that，whether, if, unless, while / when, until, because, so that, so…that, though/ although, even if, as…as 等
常用并列连词
and,both…and, not only… 平行并列连词: but also, neither…nor 转折并列连词： but,however,while,yet 因果并列连词for,so :
选择并列连词or,either…or :
考点一：
and (“和，并且”) 与 or (“否则”)
主 + 谓 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语 主 + 谓 + 宾 主 + 谓 + 表 主 + 谓
I will let him‹ go. ›
主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾补
He went. He went there. He went there yesterday.
He went there to see his mother yesterday.
常用的关联词有：because, as, since
4) 结果状语从句
I was in the bath so that I didn’t hear the telephone.
常用的关联词有：so, so that, such that, that
5) 目的状语从句 I’ll show you so you will see how it’s done.
2) 地点状语从句 Put it where you found it. Sit down wherever you like.
常用的关联词有：where, wherever, anywhere
3) 原因状语从句 As I didn’t know the way, I asked a policeman