广西民族大学考研真题_英语翻译基础2011--2017年
广西民族大学2017年考研试卷翻译硕士英语
广西民族大学2017年硕士研究生入学考试初试自命题科目试题试卷代号：A卷科目代码：211科目名称：翻译硕士英语考生须知1．答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题、草稿纸上无效。
2．答题时一律使用蓝或黑色钢笔、签字笔书写。
3．交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考生交卷的凭证）。
否则，产生的一切后果由考生自负。
Part I.Basic English Knowledge(30%)Section A:Multiple-choice(20%)Directions:There are forty multiple-choice questions in this section.Choose the best answer to each question.Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.1.After people have learned that magnets attract things,centuries passed____they took note of the fact that magnets sometimes also repel things.A.beforeB.untilC.afterD.since2.Most of North America receives_________some form of continuous plant cover except in the arid and semiarid Southwest.A.moisture to sustain sufficientB.sufficient moisture to sustainC.to sustain sufficient moistureD.sufficient to sustain moisture3._________industries,inventions,and communal endeavors of the Shakers,the best known is their fine furniture.A.Of the manyB.Their manyC.Are the manyD.Many of the4.A condenser is a heat exchanger_________steam or vapor loses heat and returns to liquid form.A.whatB.in whichC.in whoseD.that5.Settled by English Puritans in1630,Boston became_________.A.so that the capital of the Massachusetts Bay ColonyB.the Massachusetts Bay Colony its capitalC.it was the capital of the Massachusetts Bay ColonyD.the capital of the Massachusetts Bay Colony6.The scents of the flowers was______to us by the breeze.A.interceptedB.detestedC.saturatedD.wafted7.If you______something,such as food or drink,you reduce its quality or make it weak,for example by adding water to it.A.adulterateB.moorC.vaccinateD.sueernment loan have been the______of several shaky business companies.A.tornadoB.salvationC.delinquencyD.momentum9.She made shorthand notes which she later_.A.inscribedB.describedC.prescribedD.transcribed10.He gave me an_either Mary have to leave,or me.A.ulcerB.underdogC.ultimatumD.underworld11._____no cause for alarm,the old man went back to his bedroom.A.There wasB.SinceC.BeingD.There being12.I have never been to London,but that is the city_______.A.where I like to visit mostB.I’d most like to visitC.which I like to visit mostlyD.where I’d like most to visit13.The experiment requires more money than_______.A.has been put inB.being put inC.have been put inD.to be put in14.Fat cannot change into muscle______muscle changes into fat.A.no more thanB.any more thanC.no less thanD.much more than15.She managed to save_______she could out of her wages to help her brother.A.how little moneyB.so little moneyC.what little moneyD.such little money16.A cinema was burnt out in north London last night.Police suspect_.A.armpitB.arsenalC.arsonD.artifact17.She trimmed the_of the tulips before putting them in a vase.A.sprigB.spruceC.stakesD.stalks18.It was as a physician that he represented himself,and_____he was warmly received.A.as suchB.such asC.as thatD.so that19.While most people would_at the prospect of so much work,Daniels seems to positively enjoy it.A.accentuateB.collateC.dehumanizeD.blanch20.Even as a girl,_____to be her life,and theater audiences were to be her best teachers.A.performing by Melissa wereB.Melissa knew that performing wasC.knowing that Melissa’s performances wereD.it was known that Melissa’s performances wereSection B:Proofreading and Error Correction(10%)Directions:The following passage contains10errors.Each indicated line contains a maximum ofONE error.In each case,only ONE word is involved.You should proofread the passage and correct it. Please write your answers on the Answer Sheet.Many witnesses concerning the Chinese have told the truth,but perhapsa few of them have succeeded in telling nothing but the truth,and no one of(21)them has ever told the whole truth.No single individual,whatever the extentof his knowledge,could by any possible know the whole truth about the(22)Chinese.The difficulty of comparing Chinese with Anglo-Saxons will be more(23)strongly felt by those who have attempted.To such it will soon become(24)evident that many things which seem“characteristic”of the Chinese aremerely Oriental traits;but in what extent this is true,each reader in the(25)light of his own experience must judge by himself.(26) It has been said that in the present stage of our intercourse with Chinesethere are three ways in which we can come to some knowledge of theirsocial life—by the study of their novels,their ballads,and their plays.Eachof these sources of information doubtless have its worth,but there is likewise(27)a fourth,more valuable than all of them combining,a source not open to every(28)one who wrote on China and the Chinese.It is the study of the family life of(29)the Chinese in their own homes.As the topography of a district can be muchbetter understood in the country than the city,so it is with the characteristics(30)of the people.A foreigner may live in a Chinese city for a decade,and not gainas much knowledge of the interior life of the people as he can acquire by livingtwelve months in a Chinese village.Part II.Reading Comprehension(50%)Section A(30%)Directions:There are2passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and write your answers on the Answer Sheet.Passage OneQuestions31to39are based on the following passage.My Views on GamblingMost of life is a gamble.Very many of the things we do involve taking some risk in order to achieve a satisfactory result.We undertake a new job with no idea of the more indirect consequences of our action. Marriage is certainly a gamble and so is the bringing into existence of children,who could prove sad liabilities.A journey,a business transaction,even a chance remark may result immediately or ultimately in tragedy.Perpetually we gamble—against life,destiny,chance,the unknown—call the invisible opponent what we will.Human survival and progress indicate that usually we win.So the gambling instinct must be an elemental one.Taking risks achieve something is a characteristic of all form of life,including humanity.As soon as man acquired property,the challenge he habitually issued to destiny found an additional expression in a human contest.Early may well have staked his flint axe,his bearskin,his wife,in the hope of adding to his possessions.The acquirement of desirable but non-essential commodities must have increased his scope enormously,while the risk of complete disaster lessened.So long as man was gambling against destiny,the odds were usually in his favor,especially when he used common sense.But as the methods of gambling multiplied,the chances of success decreased.A wager against one person offered on average even chances and no third party profited by the transaction.But as soon as commercialized city life developed,mass gambling become common.Thousands of people now compete for large prizes,but with only minute chances of success,while the organizers of gambling concerns enjoy big profits with,in some cases,no risk at all.Few clients of the betting shops,football pools, state lotteries,bingo sessions,even charity raffles,realize fully the flimsiness of their chances and the fact that without fantastic luck they are certain to lose rather than gain.Little irreparable harm results for the normal individual.That big business profits from the satisfaction of a human instinct is a common enough phenomenon.The average wage-earner,who leads a colorless existence,devotes a small percentage of his earnings to keeping alive with extraordinary constancy the dream of achieving some magic change in his life.Gambling is in most cases a non-toxic drug against boredom and apathy and many well preserve good temper,patience and optimism in dreary circumstances.A sudden windfall may unbalance a weaker,less intelligent person and even ruin his life.And the lure of something for nothing as an ideal evokes criticism from the more rigidly upright representative of the community.But few of us have the right to condemn as few of us can say we never gamble—even it is only investing a few pence a week in the firm’s football sweep or the church bazaar“lucky dip”.Trouble develops,however,when any human instinct or appetite becomes overdeveloped.Moderate drinking produces few harmful effects but drunkenness and alcoholism can have terrible consequences. With an unlucky combination of temperament and circumstances,gambling can only become an obsession, almost a form of insanity,resulting in the loss not only of a man’s property but of his self-respect and his conscience.Far worse are the sufferings of his dependents,deprived of material comfort and condemned to watching his deterioration and hopelessness.They share none of his feverish excitement or the exhilaration of his rare success.The fact that he does not with to be cured makes psychological treatment of the gambling addict almost impossible.He will use any means,including stealing,to enable him to carry on.It might be possible to pay what salary he can earn to his wife for the family maintenance but this is clearly no solution.Nothing—education,home environment,other interest,wise discouragement—is likely to restrain the obsessed gambler and even when it is he alone who suffers the consequences,his disease is a cruel one,resulting in a wasted,unhappy life.Even in the case of the more physically harmful of human indulgences,repressive legislation often increase the damage by causing more vicious activities designed to perpetuate the indulgence in secret.On the whole,though negative,gambling is no vice within reasonable limits.It would still exist in an ideal society.The most we can hope for is control over exaggerated profits resulting from its business exploitation,far more attention and research devoted to the unhappy gambling addict and the type of education which will encourage an interest in so many other constructive activities that gambling itself will lose its fascination as an opiate to a dreary existence.It could be regarded as an occasional mildly exciting game,never to be taken very seriously.31.According to the author,we gamble regardless of the risk,because weA.want to survive.ually win in the gamble.C.don’t know the indirect consequences of the action.D.wish to achieve what may bring us satisfaction.32.The bringing into existence of children is also a gamble because they mayA.be mentally retarded.B.become our disappointment.C.go against us.D.become our opponents.33.According to the passage,we all take risk in gambling because we areA.born with the tendency of taking risks.B.forced to achieve satisfactory result.C.obliged to achieve what we desire.D.born with the nature of achieving satisfaction.34.The gambling instinct,according to the author,is reinforced by human’s desire toA.give up unnecessary property.B.add more to their material possession.C.get desirable commodities.D.change their living conditions.35.Which of the following is true?A.If we dare to gamble,we will usually win.B.If we use common sense to gamble,we will usually lose.C.The luck is usually on our side so long as we have the confidence to change our fate.D.We all have the luck to win the gamble if we use common sense.36.Which of the following is true?A.The more methods to gamble,the fewer the chances to succeed.mon sense plays a role in a gamble.C.The more methods there are,the less profit we will make.D.The more methods there are,the more chances for us to win a gamble.37.Who get profits from gambling activities with no risks?A.Those who organize the activities.B.Those who often go to state lotteries.C.Those who often go to football pools.D.Those who do not take so seriously.38.Many people would like to give away a small sum of money because they constantly think the donation mayA.not affect their general income.B.bring them unexpected big sums of money.C.help them preserve their temper and patience.D.bring them some pennies from heaven.39.According to the author,gambling may lose its fascination if weA.create more chances.B.do not take it so seriously.anize more other activities.D.help develop an interest in other activities.Passage TwoQuestions40to45are based on the following passage.Russia’s new revolution in conservationWhen naturalist Sergei Smirenski set out to create Russia’s first private nature reserve since the Bolshvik revolution,he knew that the greatest obstacle would be overcoming bureaucratic resistance.The Moscow State University professor has charted a steep course through a variety of foes,from local wildlife service officials who covet his funding to government officials who saw more value in development than conservation.But with incredible dedication,and the support of a wide range of international donors form Japan to the United States,the Murovyovka Nature Reserve has finally come into being.Founded at a small ceremony last summer,the private reserve covers11000acres of pristine wetlands along the banks of the Amur River in the Russian Far East.Here,amid forests and marshes encompassing a variety of microhabitats,nest some of the world’s rarest birds—tall,elegant cranes whose numbers are counted in the mere hundreds.The creation of the park marks a new approach to nature conservation in Russia,one that combines traditional methods of protection with an attempt to adapt to the changing economic and political circumstances of the new Russia.“There must be a thousand ways to save a wetland.It is time for vision and risk,and also hard practicality,”wrote Jim Harris,deputy director of the International Crane Foundation,a Wisconsin-based organization dedicated to the study and preservation of cranes,which has been a major supporter of the Murovyovka project.Dr.Smirenski’s vision has been eminently down to earth.At every step,he has tried to involve local officials,businessmen and collective farms in the project,giving them a practical,economic stakes in its success.And with international support,he is trying to introduce new methods of organic farming that will be more compatible with preserving the wetlands.40.The Murovyovka Nature Reserve came into being because ofA.Russian government officials.B.the International Crane Foundation.C.the determination of one man.D.an unrealistic dream.41.If one“charts a steep uphill course”(paragraph2),oneA.expects an arduous journey.B.maps out a mountain trip.C.assumes that life will be uneventful.D.sets himself a difficult goal.42.The preserved“pristine wetlands”mentioned in paragraph3areA.unspoiled.B.precious.C.immaculate.D.uncontaminated.43.The passage states that the Nature Reserve isA.an arid,uninhabited area.B.the only reserve in Russia.C.home to many different birds.D.economically beneficial to local inhabitants.44.The passage implies that the preservation of wetlandsA.can only be accomplished with traditional methods.B.requires imagination,daring and pragmatism.C.is usually a popular concern of politicians.D.limits an area’s development.45.Where is the headquarter of the International Crane Foundation?A.MoscowB.JapanC.WisconsinD.MurovyovkaSection B:Cloze(20%)Please fill in blanks46to65of the following passage.Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.An important factor of leadership is attraction.This does not mean attractiveness in the ordinary sense, for that is a born quality46our control.The leader has,nevertheless,to be a magnet;a central figure towards whom people are47.Magnetism in that sense depends,first of all,48being seen.There is a type of authority which can be49from behind closed doors,but that is not leadership. 50there is movement and action,the true leaders is in the forefront and may seem,indeed,to be everywhere at once.He has to become a legend;the51for anecdotes,whether true or52,character. One of the simplest devices is to be absent53the occasion when the leader might be54to be there, enough in itself to start a rumor about the vital business55has detained him.To56up for this,he can appear when least expected,giving rise to another story about the interest he can display57things which other folks might58as trivial.With this gift for59curiosity the leader always combines a reluctance to talk about himself.His interest is60in other people he questions them and encourages them to talk and then remembers all 61is relevant.He never leaves a party62he has mentally filed a minimum dossier(档案)on63 present,ensuring that he knows64to say when he meets them again.He is not artificially extrovert but he would usually rather listen65talk.Others realize gradually that his importance needs no proof。
广西民族大学英语翻译基础2011—2019缺2013、2014年考研真题试题
卷的凭证）。否则，产生的一切后果由考生自负。
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Part I. Terminology and Phrase Translation (30%)
1. Translate the following terms, phrases or acronyms into Chinese (15 points).
2. Translate the following terms, phrases or acronyms into English (15 points).
微博 创业板 廉租房 保税区 节能减排 低碳经济 厚利多销 科学发展观 服务型政府 经济适用房 一审终审制 紧缩银根政策 南宁国际会展中心 广西国际博览事务局 中国东盟商务与投资峰会
Part II Passage Translation (120%)
1. Translate the following into Chinese (60 points).
A Meditation Upon a Broomstick Jonathan Swift
广西民族大学考研真题_汉语基础2010--2017年
广西民族大学2010年硕士研究生入学考试初试自命题科目试题（试卷代号：A卷）科目代码： 3 4 3科目名称：汉语基础适用学科专业：汉语国际教育研究方向：命题教师签名：考生须知1 答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题上无效。
2 答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔作答，用其它笔答题不给分。
3 交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考生交卷的凭证）。
否则，产生的一切后果由考生自负。
壹汉语语言学基础知识（共80分）一、填空题（每小题1分，共30小题，共30分）1．（）是一个民族全体成员通用的语言。
2．2001年1月1日起施行的（）是中国历史上第一部关于语言文字的专门法。
3．（）是有意义内容的语言成分的外部形式。
4．周期性出现重复波形的音波叫（）。
5．音强是声音的强弱，它与发音体（）的大小有关。
6．普通话声母f、h、x、sh、r、s从发音方法上看属于（）。
7．（）是韵母的主干，也叫“主要元音”。
8．调值214对应的调类是（）。
9．现代汉语普通话的一个音节最多可以用（）个音素符号来拼写。
10．由赵元任创制的（）是用来标记声调的一种方法。
11．汉字从文字类型上来说属于（）。
12．汉字的形体在历史上出现过甲骨文、金文、（）、隶书、楷书五种正式字体。
13．（）是具有字形归类作用的部件。
14．现行汉字标准化的内容是定量、（）、定音、定序。
15．熟语包括成语、（）和歇后语。
16．替代法是用来确定（）的方法。
17．（）是语言中经过压缩和省略的词语。
18．两个不同的音节连缀表示一个意义而不能拆开成两个语素的词叫（）。
19．（）是语音形式相同而意义没有联系的一组词。
20．色彩义包括感情色彩、语体色彩和（）。
21．（）是词的理性意义的分项说明。
22．基本词汇的特点是稳固性、能产性和（）。
23．词义演变的途径有三种：词义的扩大、词义的缩小和（）。
24．语法有两个含义：一是（），一是语法学。
25．短语是（）上和语法上都能搭配而没有句调的一组词。
2011-广西民族英语翻译基础广西民族
冯骥才：过年，就是“过文化” 过年要有年味，而年味越来越淡，这是令大冯（冯骥才）感到困惑的问题。 年味变淡有其正常的和必然的原因：中国春节是与农耕文化、生产节律紧密相连的；过完年， 春耕即将开始。这种生活距离我们（尤其是城市居民）毕竟已十分遥远；加上移风易俗和现代通讯 手段的发达，人情味和年味自然被稀释了。此外还有人认为，现在天天鸡鸭鱼肉，等于天天过年， 那么过年还有什么意思呢？大冯说，其实不是这样，过去中国人生活贫穷，过上好日子是他们的理 想；而只有在过年时，这种理想才会变成现实（尽管只是短暂的“幻觉”）。今天当人们已经丰衣足 食时，过年，应有更高的理想和境界。在大冯看来，当代人过年已越来越是一个精神的、情感的和 文化的生活。
OA CPI MPA speed bump a grand jury blue chip stock cloud computing British Petroleum ASEAN Secretariat chief operating officer constitutional monarchy (U. S.) District Attorney (U. S.) Political Action Committee (U. S.) Department of Homeland Security The Royal Swedish Academy of Science
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busy art of man pretend to vie with nature, by tying that withered bundle of twigs to its sapless trunk. It is now, at best, but the reverse of what it was: a tree turned upside down, the branches on the earth, and the root in the air. It is now handled by every dirty wench, condemned to do her drudgery, and by a capricious kind of fate destined to make other things clean and be nasty itself. At length, worn to the stumps in the service of the maids, it is either thrown out of doors or condemned to its last use — of kindling a fire. When I beheld this, I sighed and said within myself, “Surely mortal man is a broomstick!”: Nature sent him into the world strong and lusty, in a thriving condition, wearing his own hair on his head, the proper branches of this reasoning vegetable, until the axe of intemperance has lopped off his green boughs and left him a withered trunk; he then flies to art, and puts on a periwig, valuing himself upon an unnatural bundle of hairs, all covered with powder, that never grew on his head. But now should this our broomstick pretend to enter the scene, proud of those birchen spoils it never bore, and all covered with dust, though the sweepings of the finest lady's chamber, we should be apt to ridicule and despise its vanity. Partial judges that we are of our own excellencies and other men's defaults.
广西民族大学考研真题_英语翻译基础2017年
广西民族大学2017年硕士研究生入学考试初试自命题科目试题试卷代号：A卷科目代码：357科目名称：英语翻译基础考生须知1．答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题、草稿纸上无效。
2．答题时一律使用蓝或黑色钢笔、签字笔书写。
3．交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考生交卷的凭证）。
否则，产生的一切后果由考生自负。
Part I.Terminology and Phrase Translation(30%)1.Translate the following terms,phrases or acronyms into Chinese(15points).（1）retail therapy（2）maternity leave（3）closet psycho（4）crowd funding（5）group interview（6）wardrobe hoarder（7）adverse drug reaction（8）livelihood issues（9）brand copycats（10）ride sharing（11）clean eating（12）selfie stick（13）tit-for-tat giving（14）IOU note（15）multi-level marketing 2.Translate the following terms,phrases or acronyms into English(15points).（1）节操（2）豆腐渣工程（3）中国式过马路（4）底线思维（5）裸官（6）土豪金（7）人口红利（8）广场舞（9）中国东盟博览会（10）幸福指数（11）退休双轨制（12）科学发展观（13）亚太经合组织（14）社会主义初级阶段（15）海上丝绸之路Part II Passage Translation(120%)1.Translate the following into Chinese(60points).One evening I look out the window of my secluded cabin,and there are soft flakes falling in the golden lamplight.They fall all night,while the voice of the river becomes more and more hushed and the noises of the forest die away.By dawn,the whole world of stream and wood and mountain has been kindled to a white flame of beauty.I go out in the morning and there is such silence that even breath is a profanation.The mountain to the north has a steel-blue light on it,and to the west the sky still holds something of the darkness of the night.To the east and the south a faint pink is spreading.I look up and see the morning star keeping white watch over a white world.After heavy snowfalls,it is the evergreens that are the loveliest,with their great white branches weighted down until they are almost parallel with the trunks.They seem like giant birds with their wings folded against the cold.The sky is clear blue now and the sun has flung diamonds down on meadow and bank and wood.Beauty,the virgin,walks here quietly,no sign upon the immaculate snow.The silence is dense and deep.Even the squirrels have stopped their ribald chattering.And fain snowbird第1页共2页。
大学翻译硕士MTI历年考研真题-2011年广西民族大学翻译硕士211真题
2011年广西民族大学翻译硕士211真题翻译硕士（MTI）备考系列Part I. Basic English Knowledge（共两部分，共30分）Section A: Multiple-choice （每小题0.5分，共40小题，共20分）Directions: There are forty multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. Mark your answers on the answer sheet.1. Outside my office window there is a fire ____ on the right.A. escapeB. ladderC. stepsD. stairs2. The form and physiology of leaves vary according to the ______ in which they develop: for example, leaves display a wide range of adaptations to different degrees of light and moisture.A. speciesB. sequenceC. patternsD. environment3. The best known of all the Arctic birds, ______.A. birdwatchers favor ptarmigansB. being ptarmigans' and birdwatchers' favoritesC. favored by both ptarmigans and birdwatchersD. ptarmigans are a favorite of birdwatchers4. The children’s ______ natures were in sharp contrast to the even-tempered dispositions of their parents.A. introvertedB. blitheC. phlegmaticD. mercurial5. By ______ scientific rigor with a quantitative approach, researchers in the social sciences may often have broadened their scope to those narrowly circumscribed topics that are well suited to quantitativemethods.A. equatingB. vitiatingC. imbuingD. undermining6. If a species of parasite is to survive, the host organisms must live long enough for the parasite to ______; if the host species becomes ______, so do its parasites.A. reproduce…extinctB. atrophy… healthyC. succumb… nonviableD. mate… infertile7. Those who fear the influence of television deliberately ______ its persuasive power, hoping that they might keep knowledge of its potential to effect social change from being widely disseminated.A. promoteB. underplayC. laudD. suspect8. High software prices are frequently said to ______ widespread illegal copying, although the opposite—that high prices are the cause of the copying— is equally plausible.A. contribute toB. result fromC. correlate withD. explain9. She put an extra blanket over the baby for fear that ______.A. he catches coldB. he should catch coldC. he caught coldD. he be catching cold10. A computer program can provide information in ways that force students to ______ learning instead of being merely ______ of knowledge.A. accede to…recipientsB. participate in…recipientsC. profit from…beneficiariesD. compensate for…custodians11. Authorities are mounting a campaign to combat an alarming rise in juvenile _____ and drug taking.A. delinquencyB. mistakeC. evilD. crime12. It is very discourteous to be _____ during someone's conversation.A. in the wayB. in a wayC. leading the wayD. giving way13. Australians launched into a shopping spree to ____ the country's economic excess.A. oppressB. curbC. disturbD. lay down14. Only a _____ of these huge stocks need to go missing to cause havoc.A. pieceB. fragmentC. fractionD. fracture15. The outward ________ may increase as anti-immigrant fever spreads in the United States.A. departureB. exodusC. contagionD. fade16. Sales of personal computers are _____ on both sides of the Atlantic.They have become one of the hottest-selling consumer electronics items.A. plumpingB. buoyantC. sluggishD. feeble17. The consumer felt ___ in asking for $10,000 compensation for two months without getting a reliable television.A. hypocriticalB. meticulousC. justifiedD. satisfied18. His employers could not complain about his work because he was _______ in the performance of his duties.A. derelictB. penetratingC. diversifiedD. assiduous19. The body and mind are _____ interwoven in all of us; they cannot be separated.A. inaptlyB. inextricablyC. inaccuratelyD. inadequately20. As the sky darkened it soon became obvious that a violent thunderstorm was _____.A. immediateB. eminentC. imminentD. instantaneous21. If you are hard-up, you are _____.A. callousB. short of moneyC. quick-temperedD. harsh22. Some journalists often overstate the situation so that their news maycreate a great _____.A. explosionB. sensationC. exaggerationD. stimulation23. He is holding a ______ position in the company and expects to be promoted soon.A. subordinateB. succeedingC. successiveD. subsequent24. Preliminary estimation puts the figure at around $110 billion, ____ the $160 billion the President is struggling to get through the Congress.A. in proportion toB. in reply toC. in relation toD. in contrast to25. I was unaware of the critical points involved, so my choice was quite _____.A. arbitraryB. rationalC. mechanicalD. unpredictable26. Everyone in the auditorium was weeping by the time he finished the _____ tale.A. perpetualB. vigorousC. ultimateD. pathetic27. They could not go to the theater together because his free time never _____ with hers.A. collideB. complyC. coincideD. cope28. At first my friend refused to fall in with scheme we had suggested, buteventually I managed to _____.A. speak him aroundB. show him aroundC. come him aroundD. talk him around29. As the tide _____ from the shore, we were able to look for shells.A. precededB. proceededC. accededD. receded30. That part of the town is completely _____ of interest for visitors. There is no scenery at all.A. suspiciousB. demonstrativeC. voidD. irrespective31. It’s very d ifficult to ____ the exact meaning of an idiom in a foreign language.A. exchangeB. transferC. conveyD. convert32. According to what you have just said, am I to understand that his new post _____ no responsibility with it at all?A. shouldersB. possessesC. carriesD. shares33. Without telephone it would be impossible to carry on the functions of _____ every business operation in the whole country.A. practicallyB. preferablyC. preciselyD. presumably34. He is planning another tour abroad, yet his passport will _____ at the end of this month.A. expireB. exceedC. terminateD. cease35. The pursuit of leisure on the part of the employees will certainly not _____ their prospect of promotion.A. spurB. furtherC. induceD. reinforce36. The museum had _____ copies for the original manuscripts to save wear and tear on the latter.A. tackledB. substitutedC. tickledD. testified37. How does it _____ that he is so badly off when he earns quite a good salary?A. come toB. come aroundC. come aboutD. come through38. The amateur team was _____ from the contest in the first round.A. detachedB. excusedC. distractedD. eliminated39. He was usually very kind so that his sudden _____ greatly surprised us.A. heartinessB. unhappinessC. harshnessD. uprightness40. I don't _____ disco. It's much too noisy for my taste.A. go forB. go byC. go upD. go offSection B: Proofreading and Error Correction （每小题1分，共10小题，共10分）When some nineteenth century New Yorkers said “Harlem”,they meant almost all of Manhattan above Eighty-sixth Street.Toward the end of the century, however, a groupof citizens in upper Manhattan-want perhaps, to shape a closer 41. ________and more precise sense of community—designated a section thatthey wished to have known as Harlem. The chosen area was theHarlem which Blacks were moving in the first decades of the 42 ._______new century as they left their old settlements on the middle andlower blocks of the West Side.As the community became predominantly Black, the veryword“Harlem” seemed to lose its old meaning. At time it was 43._ ______easy to forget that “Harlem” was originally the Dutch name “Harlem”; the community it described had been founded by44._______people from Holland；and that for most of its three centuries—itwas first settled in the sixteen hundreds—it had been preoccupied 45._ ______by White New Yorkers. “Harlem”became synonymous to 46._______Black life and Black style in Manhattan. Blacks living thereused the word as though they had coined it on themselves—not47._______only to designate their area of residence but to express theirsense of the various qualities of its life and atmosphere. As theyears passed, “Harlem”asserted an even larger meaning. In 48. _______the words of Adam Clayton Powell, Sr., the pastor of theAbyssinian Baptist Church, Harlem “became the symbol of libertyand the Promised Land to Negroes everywhere”.By 1919 Harlem’s population had grown by several thousand.It had received its share of wartime migration from the South,the Caribbean, and parts of colonial Africa. Some of thenew arrivals merely lived for Harlem; it was New York they had 49. _______come to, looking for jobs and for all the other legendary opportunitiesof life in the city. To others who migrated to Harlem, NewYork was merely the city in which they found themselves:Harlem was exactly what they wished to be.50._______Part III. Reading Comprehension （每小题2分，两部分共20小题，共40分）Section ADirections: In the section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Please write your answers on the Answer Sheet.Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.The history of the development of modern sport is the history of the development of industrial capitalism. There is, of course, documented evidence of ball games, racket games and athletic games that date well before industrial capitalism. However they are unrecognizable from today’s sports. Take, for example, football and rugby, derivatives of folk football, where a game would continue for days, with no boundaries expect the edge of the village, or the edge of the next village. People would throw or kick the ball, it was mixed, and there was no offside rule, no 90 minutes, and really no discernible winners. The Olympics are always claimed as having their roots in the athletic culture of ancient Greek society. Yet their origins were about military training in a far from equal society at the end of the 19th century and these were games which relatively few people would watch. The Olympics were revived with the emergence of international trade. The first hour modern Olympics were held in conjunction with trade fairs.It is common to talk of sport as a neutral medium which transcends politics. The popular notion is that while everything else in the world is dirtied by politics and inequality, sport itself operates on a different set of rules. Performance-enhancing drugs in sport have created huge press hysteria, in the main because sports stars are often thought of as moral guardians, but also because it undoes one of the foundation stones of sport-the notion of fair play. Jim Firstle, a freelance sports journalist, notes that drugs have always been used in sport, long before technology and money were involved. In athletics there is an unwritten and unconfirmed notion that everyone is doing it. The key thing is not to get caught. Firstle reports that Dr. Don Caitlin, who runs the International Olympic Committee accredited drug testing laboratory in Los Angeles, likened the situation to attempts between the Cold War superpowers to negotiate nuclear non-proliferation treaties. One side would only crack down and get tough on its drug cheats if the other country did the same. To bust one’s drug cheats without the gesture being reciprocated put the anti-doping nation at a competitive disadvantage. The idea that there is fair competition in sport is as unlikely as the idea of fair competition in capitalism.51. Modern sport is ____________ from ancient sport although some forms of ancient sport existed and developed much earlier than industrial capitalism.52. According to the author, what made modern Olympics resume its prosperity ?53. Sport is usually considered to have the ability to transcend politics because it itself _________.54. What has the use of performance-enhancing drugs destroyed based on the passage?55. Anti-doping nation would be at a competitive disadvantage if other nations failed to ________.Section BDirections: There are 3 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.For nearly half of my professional career, I was wrong about how to help students achieve. I had the wrong focus, made inaccurate assumptions, used faulty logic, and came to the wrong conclusions about how to increase student achievement. Although a high percentage ofstudents persisted in and graduated from the programs in which I worked, they seldom became top achievers.Here is where and how I went wrong. I designed procedures to identify the students who were least prepared so that we could build programs and services that would help more students achieve. I assumed that there were certain levels of preparation that students needed in order to succeed; that if students met or exceeded these preparation levels, everything would take care of itself ; that if students were prepared and met the expectations of their professors, then the normal courses of study and interactions with faculty would be sufficient to help students accomplish their goals.Believing that student success depended on acquiring certain skills and knowledge, I used a combination of standardized tests, institutionally developed instruments, and interview procedures to get a clear picture of whether each student was prepared or underprepared. This was good practice in many ways, but I eventually came to see that I had structured my practice with the tenets of the Deficit Remediation Educational Model, which has been predominant in education for decades and remains the most prevalent approach in use day. This model assumes that the first and m ost important thing to do is to “fix” the student. Programs and services based on this model are dedicated to helping students achieve by first diagnosing student needs , problems, ignorance, concerns, defects, anddeficits. Those who use the Deficit Remediation Educational Model have the challenge of designing classes, workshops, programs, and services to help students improve in areas in which they are underprepared. Based on the diagnosis, participation in remedial programs and services is often required. Students are usually prevented from pursuing other areas of study and from pursuing their interests until their “deficits” have been removed and their “problems” have been overcome. Typically, if students are unable to overcome their deficiencies by an established date, they are dismissed or told that they aren’t college material.What would happen if we turned our traditional retention effort on its head? If we developed programs that helped students assess their strengths and then apply those strengths to their studies? Of course, we would still assist students in improving their ability to write well or to master mathematics or to read their political science text more efficiently and critically, but all this would be in the context of helping them identify, further develop, and apply what they can already do well. In my experience, this approach is tremendously motivating, contributes to a sense of agency, and helps young people stay in college.56.What proved that nearly hal f of the author’s professional career was a mistake ?A)Few of the participants in his training programs made greatachievements.B)Few of the participants in his training programs graduated from the courses.C)The author made inaccurate assumptions about how to increase student achievement.D)The author came to the wrong conclusions about how to increase student achievement.57.Which of the following was the author’s wrong focus when he attempted to help students achieve ?A)He tired to make everything take care of itself.B)He tried to recognize those underprepared students.C)He organized sufficient interactions between students and faculty.D)He helped the prepared students meet their professors’ faulty expectations.58.What will be th e most likely outcome of the author’s faulty achievement training projects ?A)Not only their students’ weakness but also their strengths will be identified.B)Most of the training programs will focus on the strengths of their students.C)Many students become frustrated and disillusioned as a result of it.D)More students will stay in college in spite of their lack of ability.59.Which word or expression is closest in meaning to “deficits” in Para. 3 ?A)Diagnosis. B)Deficiencies.C)College material. D)Skills and knowledge.60.How does the author like the approach of assessing students’ strengths and then applying them to their studies ?A)It will assist students in improving their ability to study some courses.B)It will tremendously motivate students to manage their weaknesses.C)It will seriously discourage students of their further study in college.D)It will positively improve student achievement with encouragement.Passage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Freshwater life itself has never come easy in the Middle East. Ever since The Old Testament, God punished man with 40 days and 40 nights ofrain. Water supplies here have been dwindling. The rainfall only comes in winter and drains quickly through the semiarid land, leaving the soil to bake and to thirst for next November.The region's accelerating population, expanding agriculture, industrialization, and higher living standards demand more freshwater. Drought and pollution limit its a availability. War and mismanagement waste it. Said Joyce Starr of the Global Water Summit Initiative, based in Washington, D.C. “Nations like Israel and Jordan are swiftly sliding into that zone where they are suing all the water resources available to them. They have only 15 to 20 years left before their agriculture, and ultimately their f ood security, is threatened.”I came here to examine this crisis in the making, to investigate fears that “water wars”are imminent, that water has replaced oil as the region's most contentious commodity. For more than two months I traveled through three river valleys and seven nations—from southern Turkey down the Euphrates River to Syria, Iraq, and on to Kuwait; to Israel and Jordan, neighbors across the valley of the Jordan; to the timeless Egyptian Nile.Even amid the scarcity there are haves and have-nots. compared with the United States, which in 1990 had freshwater potential of 10,000 cubic meters (2.6 million gallons) a year for each citizen, Iraq had 5,500, Turkey had 4,000, and Syria had more than 2,800. Egypt's potential was only1,100. Israel had 460. Jordan had a meager 260. But these are not firm figures, because upstream use of river water can dramatically alter the potential downstream.Scarcity is only one element of the crisis. Inefficiency is another, as is the reluctance of some water-poor nations to change priorities from agriculture to less water-intensive enterprises. Some experts suggest that if nations would share both water technology and resources, they could satisfy the region's population, currently 159 million. But in this patchwork of ethnic and religious rivalries, water seldom stands alone as an issue. It is entangled in the politics that keep people from trusting and seeking help from one another. Here, where water, like truth, is precious, each nation tends to find its own water and supply its own truth.As Israeli hydrology professor Uri Shamir told me: “If there is political will for peace, water will not be a hindrance. If you want reasons to fight, water will not be a hindrance. If you want reasons to fight, water will give you ample opportuniti es.”61. Why does the author use the phrase “for next November”(underlined, Para. 1)?A) According to the Old Testament freshwater is available only in November.B) Rainfall comes only in winter starting from November.C) Running water systems will not be ready until next November.D) It is a custom in that region that irrigation to crops is done only in November.62. What is NOT the cause for the imminent water war?A) Lack of water resources. B) Lack of rainfall.C) Inefficient use of water. D) Water has replaced oil.63. One way for the region to use water efficiently is to ________.A) develop other enterprises that cost less waterB) draw a plan of irrigation for the various nationsC) import water from water-rich nationsD) stop wars of any sort for good and all64. Uri Shamir's viewpoint is that ________.A) nations in that region are just fighting for waterB) people there are thirsty for peace instead of waterC) water is no problem as long as there is peaceD) those nations have every reason to fight for water65. The author's tone in the article can be described as ________.A) depressing B) urgentC) joking D) mockingPassage ThreeQuestions 66 to 70 are based on the following passage.There he was America's first President with a MBA, the man who loves to boast about his business background, whose presidential campaign raised unprecedented sums from corporate wallets and whose cabinet is stuffed with chief executives. Faith in the integrity of American business leaders was being undermined, George Bush said fiercely, by executives “br eaching trust and abusing power”. It was time for “a new ethic of personal responsib ility in the business community”. He was going to “end the days of cooking the books, shading the truth and breaking our laws”.Only months ago, the idea that George W Bush would publicly lambaste America's cooperate bosses was laughable. As a candidate, born on the wave of a decade-long economic boom and an unprecedented 18-year bull market, he cashed in on American's love affair with corporate success. But things are different now. The stock market bubble has burst and, despite signs of economic recovery. Wall Street seems to be sunk in gloom. A string of scandals at some of America's most high-flying firms---including Enron, Xerox. Tyco, Global Crossing and most recently, World Com--has radically changed the public mood.As political pressure for reform increases, so too does the heat on Mr.Bush. Is the businessman's president really prepared to take business on and push hard for reform? Despite the set jaw and aggrieved tone in New York. Probably not. Mr. Bush thinks the current crisis stems from a few bad-apple chief executives rather than the system as a whole. Hence he focuses on tough penalties for corrupt businessmen and his plea for higher ethical standards. The president announced the creation of a financial-crimes SWAT team, at the Justice Department to root out corporate fraud, and wants to double the maximum prison sentence for financial fraud from five to ten years. But he offered few concrete suggestions for systemic reform: little mention of changes to strengthen shareholders' rights, not even an endorsement of the Senate corporate-reform bill.There are few signs yet that cleaning up corporate America is an issue that animates the voters. Polls show that Americans have little faith in their business leaders, but politicians do not seem to be suffering as a result. Mr. Bush's approval ratings have fallen from their sky-highs, but they are still very strong.The president, therefore, need do no more than talk tough. This alone will convince ordinary Americans that he is on top of the issue. As the economy rebounds and public outage subsides, the clamor for change will be quieter. Democratic attacks will fizzle, and far-reaching reform bills will be watered down before they become law. Politically, the gamblemakes sense. Unfortunately for American capitalism, a great opportunity will be missed.66. We can infer from the third paragraph that Mr. Bush______.A) didn't intend to take business on and push hard for reformB) did not do anything at all for the presence of the current situationC) took shareholders' right into account, but he didn't approve reform billD) took some measures to pave the way for the reform67. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?A) Bush had to offer concrete suggestions for reform as political pressure increaseB) At present, the maximum prison sentence for financial fraud is five yearC) It is laughable that M Bush publicly attacked America's corporate bossesD) Americans have little faith in their business as well as political leaders68. Which of the following statements about Mr. Bush is mentionedin this passage?A) M Bush is the second President with an MBA in American historyB) M Bush contributes a lot to decade-long economic boomC) M Bush's approval ratings are still highD) M Bush didn't get support in his presidential campaign69. The author's attitude towards the reform is______.A) indifferentB) optimisticC) skepticalD) favorable70. The phrase “a great opportunity” mentioned in the last paragraph refers to an opportunity to______.A) carry out reformB) boom economyC) animate the votersD) attack chief executivePart III. Writing （两部分，共30分）Section A （共10分）Direction: Read the following ad carefully, and you, by name of WangPeng, are then asked to write a letter to apply for the job. Remember to send your letter to the company as given in the ad. You should write about at least 150 words.中国四达国际经济技术合作公司（CSCIETC）诚聘文秘一员，要求如下：年龄20—30岁，大专以上学历流利的英语听说读写能力熟练的计算机操作能力良好的沟通和协调能力有外企工作经验者优先应聘者请将简历、联系方式以及待遇要求寄至：上海市淮海中路8560号揽盛大厦人力资源部收。
2011广西民族大学翻译硕士MTI考研真题
广西民族大学2011年硕士研究生入学考试初试自命题科目试题Part I.Basic English Knowledge（共两部分，共30分）Section A:Multiple-choice（每小题0.5分，共40小题，共20分）Directions:There are forty multiple-choice questions in this section.Choose the best answer to each question.Mark your answers on the answer sheet.1.Outside my office window there is a fire____on the right.A.escapedderC.stepsD.stairs2.The form and physiology of leaves vary according to the______in which they develop: for example,leaves display a wide range of adaptations to different degrees of light and moisture.A.speciesB.sequenceC.patternsD.environment3.The best known of all the Arctic birds,______.A.birdwatchers favor ptarmigansB.being ptarmigans'and birdwatchers'favoritesC.favored by both ptarmigans and birdwatchersD.ptarmigans are a favorite of birdwatchers4.The children’s______natures were in sharp contrast to the even-tempered dispositions of their parents.A.introvertedB.blitheC.phlegmaticD.mercurial5.By______scientific rigor with a quantitative approach,researchers in the social sciences may often have broadened their scope to those narrowly circumscribed topics that are well suited to quantitative methods.A.equatingB.vitiatingC.imbuingD.undermining6.If a species of parasite is to survive,the host organisms must live long enough for the parasite to______;if the host species becomes______,so do its parasites.A.reproduce…extinctB.atrophy…healthyC.succumb…nonviableD.mate…infertile7.Those who fear the influence of television deliberately______its persuasive power, hoping that they might keep knowledge of its potential to effect social change from being widely disseminated.A.promoteB.underplayudD.suspect8.High software prices are frequently said to______widespread illegal copying,although the opposite—that high prices are the cause of the copying—is equally plausible.A.contribute toB.result fromC.correlate withD.explain9.She put an extra blanket over the baby for fear that______.A.he catches coldB.he should catch coldC.he caught coldD.he be catching cold10.A computer program can provide information in ways that force students to______learning instead of being merely______of knowledge.A.accede to…recipientsB.participate in…recipientsC.profit from…beneficiariespensate for…custodians11.Authorities are mounting a campaign to combat an alarming rise in juvenile_____and drug taking.A.delinquencyB.mistakeC.evilD.crime12.It is very discourteous to be_____during someone's conversation.A.in the wayB.in a wayC.leading the wayD.giving way13.Australians launched into a shopping spree to____the country's economic excess.A.oppressB.curbC.disturby down14.Only a_____of these huge stocks need to go missing to cause havoc.A.pieceB.fragmentC.fractionD.fracture15.The outward________may increase as anti-immigrant fever spreads in the United States.A.departureB.exodusC.contagionD.fade16.Sales of personal computers are_____on both sides of the Atlantic.They have become one of the hottest-selling consumer electronics items.A.plumpingB.buoyantC.sluggishD.feeble17.The consumer felt___in asking for$10,000compensation for two months without gettinga reliable television.A.hypocriticalB.meticulousC.justifiedD.satisfied18.His employers could not complain about his work because he was_______in the performance of his duties.A.derelictB.penetratingC.diversifiedD.assiduous19.The body and mind are_____interwoven in all of us;they cannot be separated.A.inaptlyB.inextricablyC.inaccuratelyD.inadequately20.As the sky darkened it soon became obvious that a violent thunderstorm was_____.A.immediateB.eminentC.imminentD.instantaneous21.If you are hard-up,you are_____.A.callousB.short of moneyC.quick-temperedD.harsh22.Some journalists often overstate the situation so that their news may create a great _____.A.explosionB.sensationC.exaggerationD.stimulation23.He is holding a______position in the company and expects to be promoted soon.A.subordinateB.succeedingC.successiveD.subsequent24.Preliminary estimation puts the figure at around$110billion,____the$160billion the President is struggling to get through the Congress.A.in proportion toB.in reply toC.in relation toD.in contrast to25.I was unaware of the critical points involved,so my choice was quite_____.A.arbitraryB.rationalC.mechanicalD.unpredictable26.Everyone in the auditorium was weeping by the time he finished the_____tale.A.perpetualB.vigorousC.ultimateD.pathetic27.They could not go to the theater together because his free time never_____with hers.A.collideplyC.coincideD.cope28.At first my friend refused to fall in with scheme we had suggested,but eventually I managed to_____.A.speak him aroundB.show him arounde him aroundD.talk him around29.As the tide_____from the shore,we were able to look for shells.A.precededB.proceededC.accededD.receded30.That part of the town is completely_____of interest for visitors.There is no scenery at all.A.suspiciousB.demonstrativeC.voidD.irrespective31.It’s very difficult to____the exact meaning of an idiom in a foreign language.A.exchangeB.transferC.conveyD.convert32.According to what you have just said,am I to understand that his new post_____no responsibility with it at all?A.shouldersB.possessesC.carriesD.shares33.Without telephone it would be impossible to carry on the functions of_____every business operation in the whole country.A.practicallyB.preferablyC.preciselyD.presumably34.He is planning another tour abroad,yet his passport will_____at the end of this month.A.expireB.exceedC.terminateD.cease35.The pursuit of leisure on the part of the employees will certainly not_____their prospect of promotion.A.spurB.furtherC.induceD.reinforce36.The museum had_____copies for the original manuscripts to save wear and tear on the latter.A.tackledB.substitutedC.tickledD.testified37.How does it_____that he is so badly off when he earns quite a good salary?e toe arounde aboute through38.The amateur team was_____from the contest in the first round.A.detachedB.excusedC.distractedD.eliminated39.He was usually very kind so that his sudden_____greatly surprised us.A.heartinessB.unhappinessC.harshnessD.uprightness40.I don't_____disco.It's much too noisy for my taste.A.go forB.go byC.go upD.go offSection B:Proofreading and Error Correction（每小题1分，共10小题，共10分）When some nineteenth century New Yorkers said“Harlem”,they meant almost all of Manhattan above Eighty-sixth Street.Toward the end of the century,however,a groupof citizens in upper Manhattan-want perhaps,to shape a closer41.________and more precise sense of community—designated a section thatthey wished to have known as Harlem.The chosen area was theHarlem which Blacks were moving in the first decades of the42._______new century as they left their old settlements on the middle andlower blocks of the West Side.As the community became predominantly Black,the veryword“Harlem”seemed to lose its old meaning.At time it was43._______easy to forget that“Harlem”was originally the Dutch name“Harlem”;the community it described had been founded by44._______people from Holland；and that for most of its three centuries—itwas first settled in the sixteen hundreds—it had been preoccupied45._______by White New Yorkers.“Harlem”became synonymous to46._______Black life and Black style in Manhattan.Blacks living thereused the word as though they had coined it on themselves—not47._______only to designate their area of residence but to express theirsense of the various qualities of its life and atmosphere.As theyears passed,“Harlem”asserted an even larger meaning.In48._______the words of Adam Clayton Powell,Sr.,the pastor of theAbyssinian Baptist Church,Harlem“became the symbol of libertyand the Promised Land to Negroes everywhere”.By1919Harlem’s population had grown by several thousand.It had received its share of wartime migration from the South,the Caribbean,and parts of colonial Africa.Some of thenew arrivals merely lived for Harlem;it was New York they had49._______come to,looking for jobs and for all the other legendary opportunitiesof life in the city.To others who migrated to Harlem,NewYork was merely the city in which they found themselves:Harlem was exactly what they wished to be.50._______Part III.Reading Comprehension（每小题2分，两部分共20小题，共40分）Section ADirections:In the section,there is a short passage with5questions or incomplete statements.Read the passage carefully.Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Please write your answers on the Answer Sheet.Questions51to55are based on the following passage.The history of the development of modern sport is the history of the development of industrial capitalism.There is,of course,documented evidence of ball games,racket games and athletic games that date well before industrial capitalism.However they are unrecognizable from today’s sports.Take,for example,football and rugby,derivatives of folk football,where a game would continue for days,with no boundaries expect the edge of the village,or the edge of the next village.People would throw or kick the ball,it was mixed,and there was no offside rule,no90minutes,and really no discernible winners. The Olympics are always claimed as having their roots in the athletic culture of ancient Greek society.Yet their origins were about military training in a far from equal society at the end of the19th century and these were games which relatively few people would watch. The Olympics were revived with the emergence of international trade.The first hour modern Olympics were held in conjunction with trade fairs.It is common to talk of sport as a neutral medium which transcends politics.The popular notion is that while everything else in the world is dirtied by politics and inequality, sport itself operates on a different set of rules.Performance-enhancing drugs in sport have created huge press hysteria,in the main because sports stars are often thought of as moral guardians,but also because it undoes one of the foundation stones of sport-the notion of fair play.Jim Firstle,a freelance sports journalist,notes that drugs have always been used in sport,long before technology and money were involved.In athletics there is an unwritten and unconfirmed notion that everyone is doing it.The key thing is not to get caught.Firstle reports that Dr.Don Caitlin,who runs the International Olympic Committee accredited drug testing laboratory in Los Angeles,likened the situation to attempts between the Cold War superpowers to negotiate nuclear non-proliferation treaties.One side would only crack down and get tough on its drug cheats if the other country did the same.To bust one’s drug cheats without the gesture being reciprocated put the anti-doping nation at a competitive disadvantage.The idea that there is fair competition in sport is as unlikely as the idea of fair competition in capitalism.51.Modern sport is____________from ancient sport although some forms of ancient sport existed and developed much earlier than industrial capitalism.52.According to the author,what made modern Olympics resume its prosperity?53.Sport is usually considered to have the ability to transcend politics because it itself_________.54.What has the use of performance-enhancing drugs destroyed based on the passage?55.Anti-doping nation would be at a competitive disadvantage if other nations failed to________.Section BDirections:There are3passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions56to60are based on the following passage.For nearly half of my professional career,I was wrong about how to help students achieve.I had the wrong focus,made inaccurate assumptions,used faulty logic,and came to the wrong conclusions about how to increase student achievement.Although a high percentage of students persisted in and graduated from the programs in which I worked,they seldom became top achievers.Here is where and how I went wrong.I designed procedures to identify the students who were least prepared so that we could build programs and services that would help more students achieve.I assumed that there were certain levels of preparation that students needed in order to succeed;that if students met or exceeded these preparation levels, everything would take care of itself;that if students were prepared and met the expectations of their professors,then the normal courses of study and interactions with faculty would be sufficient to help students accomplish their goals.Believing that student success depended on acquiring certain skills and knowledge,I used a combination of standardized tests,institutionally developed instruments,and interview procedures to get a clear picture of whether each student was prepared or underprepared.This was good practice in many ways,but I eventually came to see that I had structured my practice with the tenets of the Deficit Remediation Educational Model, which has been predominant in education for decades and remains the most prevalent approach in use day.This model assumes that the first and most important thing to do is to“fix”the student.Programs and services based on this model are dedicated to helping students achieve by first diagnosing student needs,problems,ignorance,concerns,defects,and deficits.Those who use the Deficit Remediation Educational Model have the challenge of designing classes,workshops,programs,and services to help students improve in areas in which they are underprepared.Based on the diagnosis,participation in remedial programs and services is often required.Students are usually prevented from pursuing other areas of study and from pursuing their interests until their“deficits”have been removed and their“problems”have been overcome.Typically,if students are unable to overcome their deficiencies by an established date,they are dismissed or told that they aren’t college material.What would happen if we turned our traditional retention effort on its head?If we developed programs that helped students assess their strengths and then apply those strengths to their studies?Of course,we would still assist students in improving their ability to write well or to master mathematics or to read their political science text more efficiently and critically,but all this would be in the context of helping them identify, further develop,and apply what they can already do well.In my experience,this approach is tremendously motivating,contributes to a sense of agency,and helps young people stay in college.56.What proved that nearly half of the author’s professional career was a mistake?A)Few of the participants in his training programs made great achievements.B)Few of the participants in his training programs graduated from the courses.C)The author made inaccurate assumptions about how to increase student achievement.D)The author came to the wrong conclusions about how to increase student achievement.57.Which of the following was the author’s wrong focus when he attempted to help students achieve?A)He tired to make everything take care of itself.B)He tried to recognize those underprepared students.C)He organized sufficient interactions between students and faculty.D)He helped the prepared students meet their professors’faulty expectations.58.What will be the most likely outcome of the author’s faulty achievement training projects?A)Not only their students’weakness but also their strengths will be identified.B)Most of the training programs will focus on the strengths of their students.C)Many students become frustrated and disillusioned as a result of it.D)More students will stay in college in spite of their lack of ability.59.Which word or expression is closest in meaning to“deficits”in Para.3?A)Diagnosis.B)Deficiencies.C)College material.D)Skills and knowledge.60.How does the author like the approach of assessing students’strengths and then applying them to their studies?A)It will assist students in improving their ability to study some courses.B)It will tremendously motivate students to manage their weaknesses.C)It will seriously discourage students of their further study in college.D)It will positively improve student achievement with encouragement.Passage TwoQuestions61to65are based on the following passage.Freshwater life itself has never come easy in the Middle East.Ever since The Old Testament,God punished man with40days and40nights of rain.Water supplies here have been dwindling.The rainfall only comes in winter and drains quickly through the semiarid land,leaving the soil to bake and to thirst for next November.The region's accelerating population,expanding agriculture,industrialization,and higher living standards demand more freshwater.Drought and pollution limit its a availability.War and mismanagement waste it.Said Joyce Starr of the Global Water Summit Initiative,based in Washington,D.C.“Nations like Israel and Jordan are swiftly sliding into that zone where they are suing all the water resources available to them.They have only15to20years left before their agriculture,and ultimately their food security,is threatened.”I came here to examine this crisis in the making,to investigate fears that“water wars”are imminent,that water has replaced oil as the region's most contentious commodity. For more than two months I traveled through three river valleys and seven nations—from southern Turkey down the Euphrates River to Syria,Iraq,and on to Kuwait;to Israel and Jordan,neighbors across the valley of the Jordan;to the timeless Egyptian Nile.Even amid the scarcity there are haves and pared with the United States, which in1990had freshwater potential of10,000cubic meters(2.6million gallons)a year for each citizen,Iraq had5,500,Turkey had4,000,and Syria had more than2,800.Egypt's potential was only1,100.Israel had460.Jordan had a meager260.But these are not firm figures,because upstream use of river water can dramatically alter the potential downstream.Scarcity is only one element of the crisis.Inefficiency is another,as is the reluctance of some water-poor nations to change priorities from agriculture to less water-intensive enterprises.Some experts suggest that if nations would share both water technology and resources,they could satisfy the region's population,currently159million.But in this patchwork of ethnic and religious rivalries,water seldom stands alone as an issue.It is entangled in the politics that keep people from trusting and seeking help from one another. Here,where water,like truth,is precious,each nation tends to find its own water and supply its own truth.As Israeli hydrology professor Uri Shamir told me:“If there is political will for peace,water will not be a hindrance.If you want reasons to fight,water will not be a hindrance.If you want reasons to fight,water will give you ample opportunities.”61.Why does the author use the phrase“for next November”(underlined,Para.1)?A)According to the Old Testament freshwater is available only in November.B)Rainfall comes only in winter starting from November.C)Running water systems will not be ready until next November.D)It is a custom in that region that irrigation to crops is done only in November.62.What is NOT the cause for the imminent water war?A)Lack of water resources.B)Lack of rainfall.C)Inefficient use of water.D)Water has replaced oil.63.One way for the region to use water efficiently is to________.A)develop other enterprises that cost less waterB)draw a plan of irrigation for the various nationsC)import water from water-rich nationsD)stop wars of any sort for good and all64.Uri Shamir's viewpoint is that________.A)nations in that region are just fighting for waterB)people there are thirsty for peace instead of waterC)water is no problem as long as there is peaceD)those nations have every reason to fight for water65.The author's tone in the article can be described as________.A)depressing B)urgentC)joking D)mockingPassage ThreeQuestions66to70are based on the following passage.There he was America's first President with a MBA,the man who loves to boast about his business background,whose presidential campaign raised unprecedented sums from corporate wallets and whose cabinet is stuffed with chief executives.Faith in the integrity of American business leaders was being undermined,George Bush said fiercely,by executives “breaching trust and abusing power”.It was time for“a new ethic of personal responsibility in the business community”.He was going to“end the days of cooking the books,shading the truth and breaking our laws”.Only months ago,the idea that George W Bush would publicly lambaste America's cooperate bosses was laughable.As a candidate,born on the wave of a decade-long economic boom and an unprecedented18-year bull market,he cashed in on American's love affair with corporate success.But things are different now.The stock market bubble has burst and,despite signs of economic recovery.Wall Street seems to be sunk in gloom.A string of scandals at someof America's most high-flying firms---including Enron,Xerox.Tyco,Global Crossing and most recently,World Com--has radically changed the public mood.As political pressure for reform increases,so too does the heat on Mr.Bush.Is the businessman's president really prepared to take business on and push hard for reform? Despite the set jaw and aggrieved tone in New York.Probably not.Mr.Bush thinks the current crisis stems from a few bad-apple chief executives rather than the system as a whole.Hence he focuses on tough penalties for corrupt businessmen and his plea for higher ethical standards.The president announced the creation of a financial-crimes SWAT team,at the Justice Department to root out corporate fraud,and wants to double the maximum prison sentence for financial fraud from five to ten years.But he offered few concrete suggestions for systemic reform:little mention of changes to strengthen shareholders'rights,not even an endorsement of the Senate corporate-reform bill.There are few signs yet that cleaning up corporate America is an issue that animates the voters.Polls show that Americans have little faith in their business leaders,but politicians do not seem to be suffering as a result.Mr.Bush's approval ratings have fallen from their sky-highs,but they are still very strong.The president,therefore,need do no more than talk tough.This alone will convince ordinary Americans that he is on top of the issue.As the economy rebounds and public outage subsides,the clamor for change will be quieter.Democratic attacks will fizzle,and far-reaching reform bills will be watered down before they become law.Politically,the gamble makes sense.Unfortunately for American capitalism,a great opportunity will be missed.66.We can infer from the third paragraph that Mr.Bush______.A)didn't intend to take business on and push hard for reformB)did not do anything at all for the presence of the current situationC)took shareholders'right into account,but he didn't approve reform billD)took some measures to pave the way for the reform67.According to the passage,which of the following statements is TRUE?A)Bush had to offer concrete suggestions for reform as political pressure increaseB)At present,the maximum prison sentence for financial fraud is five yearC)It is laughable that M Bush publicly attacked America's corporate bossesD)Americans have little faith in their business as well as political leaders68.Which of the following statements about Mr.Bush is mentioned in this passage?A)M Bush is the second President with an MBA in American historyB)M Bush contributes a lot to decade-long economic boomC)M Bush's approval ratings are still highD)M Bush didn't get support in his presidential campaign69.The author's attitude towards the reform is______.A)indifferent B)optimisticC)skeptical D)favorable70.The phrase“a great opportunity”mentioned in the last paragraph refers to an opportunity to______.A)carry out reformB)boom economyC)animate the votersD)attack chief executivePart III.Writing（两部分，共30分）Section A（共10分）Direction:Read the following ad carefully,and you,by name of Wang Peng,are then asked to write a letter to apply for the job.Remember to send your letter to the company as given in the ad.You should write about at least150words.中国四达国际经济技术合作公司（CSCIETC）诚聘文秘一员，要求如下：年龄20—30岁，大专以上学历流利的英语听说读写能力熟练的计算机操作能力良好的沟通和协调能力有外企工作经验者优先应聘者请将简历、联系方式以及待遇要求寄至：上海市淮海中路8560号揽盛大厦人力资源部收。
广西民族大学考研真题_基础英语2017年
广西民族大学2017年硕士研究生入学考试初试自命题科目试题试卷代号：A卷科目代码：622科目名称：基础英语考生须知1．答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题、草稿纸上无效。
2．答题时一律使用蓝或黑色钢笔、签字笔书写。
3．交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考生交卷的凭证）。
否则，产生的一切后果由考生自负。
一、Grammar,Vocabulary and General KnowledgeDirections:Find the ONE choice that best completes the sentence.（每小题1分，共40小题，共40分）1.Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A.They have enough time to finish the paper.B.Dad says the meat is not enough cooked.C.You are not old enough to buy alcohol.D.She plays well enough for a beginner.2.In“She felt sick from tiredness”,the italicized word is used to indicateparison.B.purpose.C.cause.D.direction.3.Which of the following sentences has an object complement?A.I will buy you a present.B.Mom gave me a necklace.C.I’m going to paint it pink.D.Tom is teaching children Japanese.4.Smoking is so harmful to health that it kills____each year than automobile accidents.A.more seven times peopleB.seven times more peopleC.more people seven timesD.people seven times more5.Sorry I’m late.I____have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.A.mightB.shouldC.mustn’tD.couldn’t6.Mr.White,together with all his colleagues,____for Europe this morning.A.are leavingB.leaveC.is leavingD.are to leave7.The new designed bedroom seems to be a great deal larger than____.A.it is necessaryB.being necessaryC.to be necessaryD.is necessary8.He was determined to sail around the world____his illness and old age.A.givenB.althoughC.despiteD.in spite9.Mr.White has become bad-tempered since he indulges in Gambling.He is no longer the man____used to be.A.whichB.whomC.whoD.that10.You____call your father’s name directly.It’s impolite in China.A.oughtn’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.wouldn’t11.It is not____much his appearance I like as his personality.A.asB.veryC.soD.that12.There is much chance____Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.A.thatB.whichC.untilD.if13.They did the experiment____their chemistry teacher had instructed.A.asB.thoughC.untilD.when14.He was listening attentively in class,his eyes____on the blackboard.A.fixingB.fixedC.are fixingD.are fixed15.I don’t think____possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.A.thatB.thisC.youD.it16.Mary was____to tears by their criticism.A.sunkB.reducedC.forcedD.declined17.The police fortunately gained the key clew according to the foot mark in the____of theroad.A.clayB.dirtC.mudD.soil18.These magnificent____buildings demonstrate the great intelligence of the laboringpeople.A.antiqueB.ancientC.primitiveD.remote19.I don’t remember meeting him,but the name John Smith rings a bell.The underlined partmeans____.A.is omittedB.is warnedC.is appearingD.is familiar20.These goods are____for export,though a few of them may be sold on the homemarket.A.essentiallypletelyC.necessarilyD.remarkably21.Food will____if the temperature in your freezer rises above8℃.A.decayB.rotC.spoilD.corrupt22.The small company isn’t____of handling an order that large.A.ableB.capablepetentD.qualified23.Sometimes it’s good to stop for a while to think about the past and____the future.A.contaminateB.contemplateC.consolidateD.contradict24.School fees,illness,house repairs and other____have reduced his bank balance to almostnothing.A.paymentB.amountC.figuresD.expenses25.Many people,including college students of all ages,spend little time in____of physicalfitness.A.searchB.viewC.lightD.pursuit26.There’s no denying that as we age____,our body ages right along with us.A.chronologicallyB.significantlyC.deceptivelyD.deliberately27.We made an effort not to leave my friend out in the cold when we were planning thebirthday party.The underlined part means____.A.embarrassB.humiliateC.ignoreD.exhaust28.The company has to make its accounts and operations as____as possible.A.distinctB.evidentC.explicitD.transparent29.His ability to absorb information was astonishing,but his concentration____was short.A.gapB.intervalC.spanD.distance30.She is generally____as one of the best modern poets.A.classedB.gradedC.rankedD.rated31.____is generally regarded as the beginning of modern world history.A.The Glorious RevolutionB.The English ReformationC.The RenaissanceD.The English Civil War32.In the US,the largest city along the Pacific Coast is____A.San FranciscoB.Los Angeles.C.Seattle.D.Chicago.33.In Faulkner’s The Sound and the Fury,he used the technique of____,in which the whole story was told through the thoughts of a character.A.imagismB.stream of consciousnessC.naturalismD.symbolism34.Percy Bysshe Shelley did not write____A.Song of Myself.B.Prometheus Unbound.C.Ode to the West Wind.D.Queen Mab.35.____is not a modernist novelist of Britain.A.James JoyceB.Virginia WoolfC.wrence D.Henry James36.____is the manifestation of grammatical relationships through the addition of affixes,such as number,person,finiteness,aspect and case,which don’t change the grammatical class of the stems to which they are attached.A.Word formationB.InflectionpoundD.Derivation37.One way to analyze lexical meaning isA.predication analysis.B.stylistic analysis.ponential analysis.D.proposition analysis.38.____is NOT the characteristic of conversational implicature.A.CalculabilityB.CancellabilityC.DetachabilityD.Non-conventionality39.A sound pronounced with the vocal cords vibrating is said to be____sound.A.voicelessB.voicedC.consonantD.resonant40.Which function is the major role of language?rmative.B.Interpersonal.C.Performative.D.Emotive.二、ClozeDirections:There are20blanks in the following passage.For each blank there are four choices marked[A]，[B]，[C]and[D].You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.（每小题1分，共20小题，共20分）According to BT's futurologist,Ian Pearson,these are among the developments scheduled for the first few decades of the new millennium(a period of1,000years),when supercomputers will dramatically accelerate progress in all areas of life.Pearson has__1__together to work of hundreds of researchers around the world to produce a__2__millennium technology calendar that gives the latest dates when we can expect hundreds of key__3__and discoveries to take place.Some of the biggest developments will be in medicine,including an__4__life expectancy and dozens of artificial organs__5__into use between now and2040.Pearson also__6__a breakthrough in computer human links.“By linking__7__to our nervous system,computers could pick up__8__we feel and,hopefully,simulate__9__too so that we can start to__10__full sensory environments,rather like the holidays in Total Recall or the Star Trek holodeck,”he says.But that,Pearson points__11__,is only the start of man-machine__12__:“It will be the beginning of the long process of integration that will__13__lead to a fully electronic human before the end of the next century.”__14__his research,Pearson is able to put dates to most of the breakthroughs that can be predicted.However,there are still no__15__for when faster-than-light travel will be__16__,or when human cloning will be perfected,or when time travel will be possible.But he does__17__social problems as a result of technological advances.A boom in neighborhood surveillance cameras will,for example,__18__problems in2010,while the arrival of synthetic__19__robots will mean people may not be able to__20__between their human friends and the droids.And home appliances will also become so smart that controlling and operating them will result in the breakout of a new psychological disorder-kitchen rage.1.[A]taken[B]pieced[C]kept[D]made2.[A]complicated[B]delicate[C]subtle[D]unique3.[A]breakthroughs[B]findings[C]events[D]incidents4.[A]expanded[B]extended[C]enlarged[D]enriched5.[A]being[B]becoming[C]carrying[D]coming6.[A]schedules[B]plans[C]predicts[D]designs7.[A]directly[B]instantly[C]precisely[D]automatically8.[A]that[B]how[C]what[D]all9.[A]thinking[B]hearing[C]sight[D]feeling10.[A]form[B]develop[C]find[D]undertake11.[A]out[B]at[C]to[D]toward12.[A]program[B]production[C]experiment[D]integration13.[A]finally[B]ultimately[C]utterly[D]absolutely14.[A]Through[B]Though[C]During[D]By15.[A]forecasts[B]articles[C]stories[D]meetings16.[A]advisable[B]affordable[C]available[D]valuable17.[A]solve[B]arose[C]exercise[D]expect18.[A]confront[B]cause[C]witness[D]collect19.[A]lovely[B]likely[C]lifelike[D]lively20.[A]distinguish[B]differ[C]diagnose[D]deviate三、Reading Comprehension（选择题每小题1分，共10小题；填空题每小题1分，共8小题；简答题每小题2分，共11小题；共40分）PASSAGE ONEThe Work-Life BalanceThis month the TUC is campaigning against,what it calls,Britain's"long hours culture". But do the British actually work too long?And if we do,is it doing us,or society at large,anyharm?Over the past150years working hours across the developed world have been falling.In the mid-nineteenth century men in Britain,in paid employment,worked for at least55hours per week.Hours worked then began a steady drop--the rise of trade unionism is one explanation,but then,after the First World War they plateaued.From1951onwards they dropped again but this fall was brought to a sudden halt in1981with the onset of the deregulatory economic policies of the Thatcher years.Working hours reached a high in1997 when the UK average number of hours worked hit45.8per week,falling to44.3hours per week in2004.The main reason for this recent decline has been the impact of EU's Working Time Directive which stipulated that no one could work more than48hours in a week,unless special exemption had been jointly applied for by both employers and employees. Nonetheless,in European terms,we are still doing badly in terms of hours worked--British workers are at the top,or bottom,of the hours charts,depending on your point of view.In 2004British workers put in almost two and a half hours more per week than the average European worker--although that was an improvement on2001when the gap was three and a quarter hours.In terms of actual hours worked,for those fortunate enough to be living and working in the Netherlands the average was just38.8hours a week,whilst for those unfortunate enough to be working in Britain,the average was43.5hours.Workers in our closest European competitors,France and Germany,worked38.9hours and39.6hours per week respectively. And yet,according to research both French and German workers are around20%more productive than their British counterparts.And we do equally badly when it comes to holidays. The European average for annual paid leave is26.5days per year--again the UK is near the bottom of the league with an average of24.5days of annual leave.However,these raw figures don't tell the whole story.During the1980s and1990s it was fashionable to predict that the"revolution in work"had begun.Business gurus were forecasting that the then current work norm,in which the majority of the workforce were in full-time employment at places of work away from home would give way to the majority having portfolios of part-time,temporary jobs,with many working either from home or from mobile office environments.This would result in a blurring between work and home,leisure, and employment--thus concerns about hours worked would become little more than of historical interest.This view is backed up by Michael Moynagh in Working in the Twenty-First Century. After examining trends in working time over the past twenty years,and casting their findings forward,they conclude:"On balance it is likely that contracted working time will continue to drop,if slowly and intermittently".According to the research project"The Future of Work"led by Professor Peter Nolan of Leeds University,the notion that the nature of work is changing radically is systematically demolished.Based on a nationwide survey of employees Professor Nolan reports that the project found that,contrary to this conventional wisdom,the"end of work"scenario had not come to pass. In fact the1990s had seen a growth,not a contraction,in the proportion of employees in full-time permanent jobs.In2000,92%of workers were in permanent work compared with88%eight years earlier.And in2000only5.5%said they were working on a temporary contract,compared with7.2%in1992."Such startling figures do not suggest Britain is rapidly developing a more flexible labour market when measured by the extent of employment stability.Indeed,the permanent job remains very much the overwhelming norm and this is true across every occupational category."Nor was the notion of"going to work"in decline.The researchers found that most people still leave their homes for paid employment,only3%of employees said they worked partly at home and a further1.1%said they worked solely or mainly at home.Thus,arguments about working time are still very central to debates about the nature of the work experience.The Future of Work survey found that dissatisfaction with the hours that people were having to work had increased dramatically.In199235%of men were satisfied with their hours,by2000this had fallen to20%;the decline among women employees was even sharper,down from51%in1992to29%in2000.And this decline was,in terms of social class,across the board.Professor Jonathan Gershuny is an expert on the work-life balance.He paid particular attention,not just to paid work but to two related issues--women's unpaid work and leisure time.Gershuny notes how leisure time itself has become increasingly congested as people have less and less time to"consume"more and more leisure.He quotes from American sociologist Steffan Linder,who noted that as part and parcel of their"success"the harried executive might buy themselves a yacht;and yet the time they make available to enjoy their leisure activities diminishes the more successful they become.Gershuny paints a picture of the harried executive having to plan their leisure time almost as rigorously as they plan their working day.He also casts his eye over the unpaid work that is mainly done by women in the home.He notes how,despite the spread of"labour-saving"devices,the time women spend on domestic chores had not reduced,if anything it had gone up.This is because,as domestic work has become easier so"standards"have risen--rooms that were swept once a week are now swept once a day and meals that were cooked simply to be nourishing now had to be"interesting"as well.Gershuny reports that women on average spend45-hours a week on unpaid domestic work;but where they had a full-time job this time went down to22hours a week.For men, his research showed that irrespective of whether or not they were in full-time work they spent an underwhelming30minutes a day on domestic chores.No doubt many of those same men would privately applaud the sentiments expressed in a Japanese research report that concluded: "Housewives by nature enjoy doing housework.For housewives,it is difficult to distinguish between housework and leisure."Then again,perhaps not,as times have moved on somewhat.Questions1-4Choose the best answer.1.Which statement best describes the change of British working hours?A.Over the past150years,British working hours fluctuated by as long as10hours.B.British workers worked3hours longer every week than their European counterparts in2001.C.British workers worked longer than French and German workers with higherproductivity.D.British workers have the least annual paid leave.2.What does the sentence"thus concerns about hours worked would become little more than of historical interest"imply?A.Since there is no wild change in British working hours,the forecasting of work norm lostmeaning.B.There is no point in concerning about working hours since it is hard to separateemployment and leisure.C.The notion that the nature of work has changed is not right.D.The end of work scenario makes research impossible.3.What can we see from the research findings of Michael Moynagh and Peter Nolan?A.They agreed that in the future,contracted working time will decrease.B.They agreed that more British would like to work from mobile office environments.C.They have different conclusions and forecasts about British working time.D.Both are against conventional wisdom that the end of work has come.4.Professor Jonathan Gershuny notes that______.A.men take over most housework when women are in full-time workB.people work harder in free time to consume what they produce in work timeC.if you are top managers,you have more leisure time availableD.women spend less time on domestic chores latelyQuestions5-9Answer the following questions briefly by using NO MORE THAN TEN words.5.What is the result of working from home or mobile office environments?6.What are the percentages of people working partly at home and solely at home respectively?7.What is the dominant working norm?8.Which phrase expresses the meaning that both managers and manual workers complain about the long hours culture?9.What is one of the two issues that Professor Jonathan Gershuny paid special attention to.Questions10-12Complete the following sentences with NO MORE THAN THREE words.10.According to the Future of Work survey,women are______________________dissatisfied with their working hours.11.The more successful people are,the_____________________time they have to enjoythemselves.12.The appearance of_____________________actually increased time of doing domesticchores.PASSAGE TWOAlready penitent for his angry action,but too stubborn to make amends,Mason toiled on at the head of the cavalcade,little dreaming that danger hovered in the air.The timber clustered thick in the sheltered bottom,and through this they threaded their way.Fifty feet or more from the trail towered a lofty pine.For generations it had stood there,and for generations destiny had had this one end in view--perhaps the same had been decreed ofMason.He stooped to fasten the loosened thong of his moccasin.The sleds came to a halt,and the dogs lay down in the snow without a whimper.The stillness was weird;not a breath rustled the frost-encrusted forest;the cold and silence of outer space had chilled the heart and smote the trembling lips of nature.A sigh pulsed through the air--they did not seem to actually hear it,but rather felt it,like the premonition of movement in a motionless void.Then the great tree,burdened with its weight of years and snow,played its last part in the tragedy of life.He heard the warning crash and attempted to spring up but,almost erect,caught the blow squarely on the shoulder.The sudden danger,the quick death--how often had Malemute Kid faced it!The pine needles were still quivering as he gave his commands and sprang into action.Nor did the Indian girl faint or raise her voice in idle wailing,as might many of her white sisters.At his order,she threw her weight on the end of a quickly extemporized handspike,easing the pressure and listening to her husband's groans,while Malemute Kid attacked the tree with his ax.The steel rang merrily as it bit into the frozen trunk,each stroke being accompanied by a forced,audible respiration,the'Huh!''Huh!'of the woodsman.At last the Kid laid the pitiable thing that was once a man in the snow.But worse than his comrade's pain was the dumb anguish in the woman's face，the blended look of hopeful，hopeless query.Little was said；those of the Northland are early taught the futility of words and the inestimable value of deeds. With the temperature at sixty-five below zero，a man cannot lie many minutes in the snow and live.So the sled lashings were cut，and the sufferer，rolled in furs，laid on a couch of boughs. Before him roared a fire，built of the very wood which wrought the mishap.Behind and partially over him was stretched the primitive fly--a piece of canvas，which caught the radiating heat and threw it back and down upon him--a trick which men may know who study physics at the fount.And men who have shared their bed with death know when the call is sounded.Mason was terribly crushed.The most cursory examination revealed it.His right arm，leg，and back were broken；his limbs were paralyzed from the hips；and the likelihood of internal injuries was large.An occasional moan was his only sign of life.No hope；nothing to be done.The pitiless night crept slowly by--Ruth's portion，the despairing stoicism of her race，and Malemute Kid adding new lines to his face of bronze.In fact，Mason suffered least of all，for he spent his time in eastern Tennessee，in the Great Smoky Mountains，living over the scenes of his childhood.And most pathetic was the melody of his long-forgotten Southern vernacular，as he raved of swimming holes and coon-hunts and watermelon raids.It was as Greek to Ruth，but the Kid understood and felt--felt as only one can feel who has been shut out for years from all that civilization means.Morning brought consciousness to the stricken man，and Malemute Kid bent closer to catch his whispers.“You remember when we foregathered on the Tanana，four years come next ice run?I didn't care so much for her then.It was more like she was pretty，and there was a smack of excitement about it，I think.But d'ye know，I've come to think a heap of her.She's been a good wife to me，always at my shoulder in the pinch.And when it comes to trading，you know there isn't her equal.D'ye recollect the time she shot the Moosehorn Rapids to pull you and me off that rock，the bullets whipping the water like hailstones--and the time of the famine atNuklukyeto--or when she raced the ice-run to bring the news？Yes，she's been a good wife to me，better'n that other one.Didn't know I'd been there？Never told you，eh?Well，I tried it once，down in the States.That's why I'm here.Been raised together，too.I came away to give her a chance for divorce.She got it.”“But that's got nothing to do with Ruth.I had thought of cleaning up and pulling for the Outside next year--her and I--but it's too late.Don't send her back to her people，Kid.It's beastly hard for a woman to go back.Think of it!--nearly four years on our bacon and beans and flour and dried fruit，and then to go back to her fish and caribou.It's not good for her to have tried our ways，to come to know they're better'n her people's，and then return to them. Take care of her，Kid--why don't you--but no，you always fought shy of them--and you never told me why you came to this country.Be kind to her，and send her back to the States as soon as you can.But fix it so she can come back--liable to get homesick，you know.”“And the youngster--it's drawn us closer，Kid.I only hope it is a boy.Think of it--flesh of my flesh，Kid.He mustn't stop in this country.And if it's a girl，why，she can't.Sell my furs；they'll fetch at least five thousand，and I've got as much more with the company.And handle my interests with yours.I think that bench claim will show up.See that he gets a good schooling；and Kid，above all，don't let him come back.This country was not made for white men.”“I'm a gone man，Kid.Three or four sleeps at the best.You've got to go on.You must go on!Remember，it's my wife，it's my boy--O God!I hope it's a boy!You can't stay by me--and I charge you，a dying man，to pull on.”Questions13-15Choose the best answer.13.What is NOT true about Mason’s accident?A.He was struck by an old pine on the shoulder and crushed.B.It was possible his organs had been injured in addition to broken bones.C.He suffered a great deal as he lay waiting for death.D.He was laid on some branches by a great fire in an attempt to recover.14.What do we know about Mason’s wife according to the text?A.She is white like him.B.She is not Mason’s only spouse in life.C.She has been to his hometown.D.She understands Greek.15.What is implied about the character’s lives from the passage?A.Sleds were the main method of transportation.B.The major source of income was fur trading.C.They had to be calm and resourceful in the wild.D.The far north is not suitable for white people.Questions16-17Answer the following questions briefly by using NO MORE THAN TEN words.16.Why does Mason think Ruth is a good wife?17.What was“fly”in paragraph3used for?PASSAGE THREENature versus cultureTo what extent have indigenous peoples suffered at the hands of conservation?When US primatologist Dian Fossey arrived in Rwanda to study the mountain gorillas of the Parcs des Volcans in September1967,her immediate concern was that their habitat was being eroded by human activity.As the government and wildlife authorities were turning a blind eye,she took the law into her own hands and organised patrols to drive out those she considered to be intruders in the park.Many of those targeted were local farmers who were grazing cattle and growing crops, collecting water,wood and bamboo or hunting small mammals.But the Virunga Mountains were also home to the Batwa,pygmy hunter-gatherers who,for thousands of years,had lived on their forested slopes.Fossey took an instant dislike to the Batwa and adopted-vigilante tactics to ensure they stayed away from"her"gorillas.While Fossey's actions represented a huge inconvenience for the Bahutu and Batutsi farmers,for the Batwa they proved devastating.The forest was integral to their lifestyle:it provided them with food and medicine and was the centre of their cultural activities.Without it,they became destitute.They had neither the skills nor the resources to become farmers and were given no compensation or alternative.Considered second-class citizens--unclean, stupid,untrustworthy--by their neighbours,they were forced to live in hovels on the fringes of villages,scratching around in wasteland to eke out a living.By the early1990s,begging was the main source of income for70per cent of Rwandan Batwa.The experience of the Batwa is one shared by millions of indigenous peoples around the world who have suffered at the hands of conservation."Historically the impact of protected areas has been very negative because the rights of the local communities of indigenous peoples haven't been taken into account,"says Marcus Colchester,director of the Forest Peoples'Programme,a UK organisation that promotes the interests of indigenous peoples around the world."The establishment of parks and reserves has often required their forced removal and placed severe limits on their rights of access and use of natural resources.Hence, there has been a lot of conflict,impoverishment,suffering and cultural loss."The traditional fence-and-guards approach to conservation grew out of the US national parks movement of the late19th century,which began preserving areas of'natural'wilderness for recreational purposes.Ecologists subsequently decided that nature should be preserved in a pristine form,uncontaminated by human activity.Over the past40years,conservation of biodiversity has become an increasingly high-profile topic and there has been a corresponding rise in the number of protected areas. According to the World Conservation Union(IUCN)there were just over1,000in1962; today there are more than102,000,covering a terrestrial area of17.1million square kilometres,11.5per cent of the world's land.To date,there hasn't been any conclusive research into the extent to which establishing these areas affects indigenous peoples.But most protected areas were inhabited at one time. In2000,WWF estimated that86per cent of South America's national parks were inhabited by people,most of them indigenous,and90per cent of protected areas in the Americas as a whole hosted indigenous peoples.However,it isn't just the indigenous peoples who have lost out to the traditional model of。
广西民族大学2017年考研试卷英语教学论
广西民族大学2017年硕士研究生入学考试初试自命题科目试题试卷代号：A卷科目代码：810科目名称:英语教学论考生须知1．答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题、草稿纸上无效。
2．答题时一律使用蓝或黑色钢笔、签字笔书写。
3．交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考生交卷的凭证）。
否则，产生的一切后果由考生自负。
I.Explain the following terms(40points,8points for each)1.Classroom Management2.The Inductive Method of Grammar Teaching3.Assessment4.Interactional View of Language5.StructuralismII.Answer the following questions.(50points,10points for each)1.What is Task-based Language Teaching?and what are the four components of a task?.2.What is a lesson plan?and why is lesson panning important?3.What is a process approach to writing?and what are the main procedures of process writing?4.What make listening difficult and what are the three stages of teaching listening？5.What is Communicative Competence?and what are the main components of communicative competence?III.Lesson Plan Evaluation(30points)The following are the objectives and the procedures of a lesson plan,comments on the lesson plan in terms of：1）teaching methods,include:type of the lesson(2points),teaching methods employed（4 points)2）strengths of the lesson planning(8points),weaknesses(8points)3）your suggestions of improvement(8points)ObjectivesBy the end of this lesson students will be able to1.to know another use of the present perfect tense.The action began in the past and continues inthe present time;2.to understand the use of the time adverbials:“for”is followed by a period of time,“since”isfollowed by a point of time;3.to know the use of the following expressions:be afraid of,introduce sb to sb else,show sbaround…,no longer.ProceduresStep1.The student on duty reporting and free talk.a).One student on duty talks about English studyb).Free talk according to the following between the teacher and the students:1.Have you read the text?When did you read it?2.How many English lessons have you learned this term?3.Have you been to the Berhai Park?When did you go there?Step2.Revisiona)Give the past and past participle forms to the following:begin,buy,break,eat,fall,giveb)Make new sentences after the exampleExample:I bought a book yesterday.I bought a book today.(this week)---------I’ve bought two books this week1.We learned a song last weekWe learned a song two weeks ago.(this week)Step3.Presentation of the new drillsa)Today day we are going to learn something more about the present perfect tense.The action began in the past and continues to the present.b)The teacher shows some sentences on the small cards and saysI bought the pen in1985,and I have the pen now.We can say:I have had the pen since1985c)Students do some oral exercises after the modelsStep4.Read Drills A and Ba)Students read after the tape recordingb)Individual reading,chorus readingStep5Summary;If the action began in the past and continues to the present time,we should use the present perfect tense.The sentence structure:S+have(has)+P.P+for(since)In this kind of sentences,there is always an adverbial of time that represents a point of time or period of timeFor example:“since”is followed by a point of time.“since1985”“for”is followed by a period of time“for ten years”Sometimes“since”is followed by a clause,and in this clause we often use the past formStep6.Drill for consolidationStep7.Home work1.Recite the Drills2.Do Ex.5IV.Designing a lesson based on the following requirements(30points)Directions:In this part,you are to design a40-minute speaking lesson according to the information provided.Information:Type of the lesson:speakingStudent level:40junior middle school students,Grade7Lesson duration:40minutesThe aim of the lesson:by the end of this lesson,student will be able to ask the way inan unfamiliar place and give directions to strangers.Your answer should include:1.A lesson plan which includes:1）Teaching objectives(at least3objectives,6points,2points for each)2）Teaching important and difficult points(4points,2points for each)3）Teaching aids(3points)4）Teaching procedures(at least3steps,9points,3points for each)2.Predicted problems and solutions(8points,4points for each)。
广西民族大学810英语教学论历年考研真题2017-2020
考试科目代码及名称：810英语教学论第1页共2页2020年硕士研究生招生考试试题【A】卷科目代码及名称：810英语教学论考生须知1．答案须写在答题纸密封线内，写在试卷、草稿纸等均无效。
2．答题时一律使用蓝或黑色钢笔、签字笔书写。
3．交卷时，请本人将试卷、答题纸放入试题袋内，密封后在封条与试卷袋骑缝处亲笔签名。
I ．Explain the following terms (25points,5points for each)1.Grammar Translation Method2.Extrinsic Motivation3.Constructivism4.Foreign Language Anxiety5.Summative EvaluationII ．Answer the following questions.(40points,15points for each)1.What are the major types of grammar presentation method?In your opinion,what are their advantages and disadvantages?2.What is a process approach to writing?In your opinion,what are its advantages and disadvantages?III.Read the following assumptions about vocabulary in English learning and decide which one is true （T for true ）or false （F for false ）,give reasons for your decision.(40points,4points for each)1.A vocabulary item can be more than one word.2.Words must be learned in language contexts.nguages consist of “word”with equivalents from one language to another.4.If we do not use the words we learned,we will soon forget them.5.An English-English dictionary is an important aid for students6.Both teachers and students need to know that there is a difference between active and passive vocabulary.7.Words can be taught and learned most effectively in groups of words which are。
广西民族大学考研真题_基础英语2012--2015,2017年
广西民族大学2012年硕士研究生入学考试初试自命题科目试题（试卷代号： A卷）科目代码： 622科目名称：基础英语英语语言文学、适用学科专业：外国语言学与应用语言学研究方向：所有方向命题教师签名：考生须知1．答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题上无效。
2．答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔作答，用其它笔答题不给分。
3．交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考生交卷的凭证）。
否则，产生的一切后果由考生自负。
I. Vocabulary (20 points)Directions：There are 20 sentences in this part. Each sentence has a word or phrase underlined. Below each sentence are four other words or phrases. You are to choose the one word or phrase which would best keep the meaning of he original sentence and write down the letter on your answer sheet.1．I didn’t stop at John’s house because he had visitors, and I didn’t want to butt in.A. incurB. intrudeC. inferD. intercept.2. The author dedicated the book to his son.A. inscribedB. submergedC. promotedD. reassured.3. When you are hungry, you will devour what is up before you.A. gulpB. enhanceC. defrayD. doze4. We’d better wait inside until the storm subsides.A. transmitsB. distortsC. migratesD. diminishes5. The union and the company have come to terms on a new contract.A. brought to an endB. called onC. reached an agreement onD. terminated.6. Several dissenting statements were made.A. lengthyB. novelC. unanticipatedD. opposing7. Speaking the truth, he is really stubborn.A. indignantB. obstinateC. ambitiousD. prodigal8. John is interested in and clever at many different things, so he is all-around.A. verticalB. versatileC. verdantD. vernal9. Because it was very contagious, everyone in the family came down with the disease.A. superfluousB. paternalC. sanitaryD. infectious10. If something can be easily seen, we say that it is conspicuous.A. picturesqueB. desolateC. vigorousD. eminent11. The judge’s decision was appealed.A. applaudedB. unexpectedC. appropriateD. challenged12. As an artist, Jim is certainly an amateur, for he has had no training.A. a seniorB. an alienC. a laymanD. a steward13. That is a very interesting hypothesis.A. assumptionB. announcementC. conclusionD. comment14. The agreement between them has been made.A. contentionB. concordC. conjunction D commune15. The warranty period is one year.A. initialB. trialC. guaranteeD. maximum16. During the weekends, they wander idly without purpose in the street.A. rambleB. rumbleC. fumbleD. clamp17. Many sick persons stayed in hospital waiting for the doctor.A. scavengersB. invalidsC. croniesD. deacons18. Mr. Harris has been in a coma for several days.A. very angry B unconscious C distracted D. very busy19. They finally agreed unwillingly.A. consortedB. consoledC. consignedD. conceded20. The returning of his illness surprised us.A. relayB. relapseC. refrainD. refundII. Reading Comprehension: (80 points)Directions:The following two passages are followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and write down the letter on your answer sheet. Passage 1. (10 points, 2 points each)The standardized educational or psychological tests, that are widely used to aid in selecting, classifying, assigning, or promoting students, employees, and military personnel have been the target of recent attacks in books, magazines, the daily press, and even in Congress. The target is wrong, for in attacking the tests, critics turn attention from the fault that lies with ill-informed or incompetent users. The tests themselves are merely tools, with characteristics that can be measured with reasonable precision under specified condition. Whether the results will be valuable, meaningless, or even misleading depends partly upon the tool itself but largely upon the user.All informed predictions of future performance are based upon some knowledge of relevant past performance. How well the predictions will be supported by later performance de-ends upon the amount, reliability, and appropriateness of information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted. Anyone who keeps careful score knows that the information available is always incomplete and that the predictions are always subject to error.Standardized tests should be considered in this context. They provide a quick, objective method of getting some kinds of information about what a person has learned, the skills he has developed, or the kind of person he is the information so obtained has, qualitatively, the same advantages and shortcomings as other kinds of information. Whether to use tests, other kinds of information, or both in a particular situation depends, therefore, upon the evidence from experience, and upon such factors as cost and availability.1. What is the author's attitude towards standardized tests?a. Negativeb. Positivec. Slightly criticald. Both a and b2. Why is the target of attacks considered to be wrong?a. Because the standardized tests are criticized by too many magazinesb. Because the problems of the tests should not be referred to Congressc. Because one fails to notice test users' lack of knowledged. Because attacks shouldn't be made by incompetent users3. "All informed predictions" in Paragraph 2 means all predictions that ________.a. are based on sound knowledge of the testsb. are based on information from the mass mediac. are made by government agenciesd. are made by testes4. One's predictions are never 100% accurate because _______.a. the predictor may not be wise enoughb. the predictor may not nave sufficient experiencec. the predictor never receives complete informationd. the information received is subject to errors5. According to the author, what is the context in which standardized tests should be considered?a. They provide a quick objective methodb. They get information about a particular personc. They provide good quality informationd. They may be partly incorrectPassage 2 (10 points, 2 points for each)When Liam McGee departed as president of Bank of America in August, his explanation was surprisingly straight up. Rather than cloaking his exit in the usual vague excuses, he came right out and said he was leaving “to pursue my goal of running a company.” Broadcasting his ambition was “very much my decision,” McGee says. Within two weeks, he was talking for the first time with the board of Hartford Financial Services Group, which named him CEO and chairman on September 29.McGee says leaving without a position lined up gave him time to reflect on what kind of company he wanted to run. It also sent a clear message to the outside world about his aspirations. And McGee isn’t alone. In recent weeks the No.2 executives at Avon and American Express quit with the explanation that they were looking for a CEO post. As boards scrutinize succession plans in response to shareholder pressure, executives who don’t get the nod also may wish to move on. A turbulent business environment also has senior managers cautious of letting vague pronouncements cloud their reputations.As the first signs of recovery begin to take hold, deputy chiefs may be more willing to make the jump without a net. In the third quarter, CEO turnover was down 23% from a year ago as nervous boards stuck with the leaders they had, according to Liberum Research. As the economy picks up, opportunities will abound for aspiring leaders.The decision to quit a senior position to look for a better one is unconventional. For years executives and headhunters have adhered to the rule that the most attractive CEO candidates are the ones who must be poached. Says Korn/Ferry senior partner Dennis Carey:”I can’t think of a single search I’ve done where a board has not instructed me to look at sitting CEOs first.”Those who jumped without a job haven’t always landed in top positions quickly. Ellen Marram quit as chief of Tropicana a decade age, saying she wanted to be a CEO. It was a year before she became head of a tiny Internet-based commodities exchange. Robert Willumstad left Citigroup in 2005 with ambitions to be a CEO. He finally took that post at a major financial institution three years later.Many recruiters say the old disgrace is fading for top performers. The financial crisis has made it more acceptable to be between jobs or to leave a bad one. “The traditional rule was it’s safer to stay where you are, but that’s been fundamentally inverted,” says one headhunter. “The people who’ve been hurt the worst are those who’ve stayed too long.”6. When McGee announced his departure, his manner can best be described as beingA. arrogant.B. frank.C. self-centered.D. impulsive.7. According to Paragraph 2, senior executives’ quitting may be spurred byA. their expectation of better financial status.B. their need to reflect on their private life.C. their strained relations with the boards.D. their pursuit of new career goals.8. The word “poached” (Line 3, Paragraph 4) most probably meansA. approved of.B. attended to.C. hunted for.D. guarded against.9. It can be inferred from the last paragraph thatA. top performers used to cling to their posts.B. loyalty of top performers is getting out-dated.C. top performers care more about reputations.D. it’s safer to stick to the traditional rules.10. Which of the following is the best title for the text?A.CEOs: Where to Go?B.CEOs: All the Way Up?C. Top Managers Jump without a NetD. The Only Way Out for Top PerformersPassage 3Read the following passages carefully and then explain in your own English the exact meaning of the numbered and underlined parts.(30 points, 3 points for each)(1) Being angry increases the risk of injury, especially among men, new research says. The researchers gathered data on more than 2,400 accident victims at three Missouri hospitals. They interviewed each subject to determine the patient’s emotional state just before the injury and 24 hours earlier, gathering data on whether the patients felt irritable, angry or hostile, and to what degree. Then they compared the results with a control group of uninjured people.(2) Despite widespread belief in “road rage,” anger did not correlate with injuries from traffic accidents. (3) Not surprisingly, anger was strongly associated with injuries inflicted deliberately. But other injuries – those neither intentionally inflicted nor from falls or traffic accidents – also showed strong associations with anger.(4) The correlations were significantly weaker for women than for men, but there were no differences by race. The authors acknowledge that their data depend on self-reports, which are not always reliable.(5) Why anger correlates with injury is not known. “I can speculate that the anger may have prompted some behavior that led to the injury, or may have simply distracted the person, leading indirectly to the injury,” said the study’s lead author. (6) It is useful to remember that history is to the nation as memory is to the individual. As persons deprived of memory become disoriented and lost, not knowing where they have been and where they are going, so a nation denied a conception of the past will be disabled in dealing with its present and its future.Passage 4Read the following passages carefully and then explain in your own English the exact meaning of the numbered and underlined parts.(30 points, 3 points for each)History is the best antidote to delusions of omnipotence and omniscience. (7) Self-knowledge is the indispensable prelude to self-control, for the nation as well as for the individual. History should forever remind us of the limits of our passing perspectives. It should strengthen us to resist the pressure to convert momentary impulses into moral absolutes. It should lead us to recognition of the fact, so often and so sadly displayed, that the future outwits all our certitudes and that the possibilities of the future are more various than the human intellect is designed to conceive.(8) A nation informed by a vivid understanding of the ironies of history is best equipped to manage the tragic temptations of military power. Let us not bully our way through life, but let a sensitivity to history temper and civilize our use of power. In the meantime, let a thousand historical flowers bloom. (9) History is never a closed book or a final verdict. It is forever in the interests of an ideology, a religion, a race, and a nation.The great strength of history is its capacity for self-correction. This is the endless excitement of historical writing: the search to reconstruct what went before. (10) A nation’s history must be both the guide and the domain not so much of its historians as its citizens.III. General knowledge (20 points,)A. Fill in each blank with a suitable word which should be written on the answer sheet. (10 points, 1 for each)1. The distinctive phonemic features that occur above the level of the segments are called suprasegmental features, which include ________, _______, and ________.2. In the predication analysis, the basic unit is called predication, which is the abstraction of the meaning of a sentence. It consists of _______ and _______.3. According to Austin’s new model, a speaker might be performing three acts simultaneously when speaking: ________, _________and ________4. According to cognitive linguistics, conceptual ______ and conceptual metonymy are cognitive models.5. “Care” is the ______ of the word “carelessness”.B. Write out the authors of the following works: (4 points, 1 point each)1)The Voice of the City ________________2) Life on the Mississippi _______________3）Song of myself __________________4）Syntactic Structure __________________C. Translate the following into English or Chinese (2 points, 1 point each):1) APEC2) 金砖四国D. Explain the following terms: (4 points, 2 point each)1) ASEAN2) stream of consciousnessIV. Translation (30 points)E-C (15 points)The decision of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its next music director has been the talk of the classical-music world ever since the sudden announcement of his appointment in 2009. For the most part, the response has been favorable, to say the least. “Hooray! At last!” wrote Anthony Tommasini, a sober-sided classical-music critic.One of the reasons why the appointment came as such a surprise, however, is that Gilbert is comparatively little known. Even Tommasini, who had advocated Gilbert’s appointment in the Times, calls him “an unpretentious musician with no air of the formidable conductor about him.” As a description of the next music director of an orchestra that has hitherto been led by musicians like Gustav Mahler and Pierre Boulez, that seems likely to have struck at least some Times readers as faint praise.C-E (15 points)一个可能的应对方式（解决办法）是古典音乐表演者发明有吸引力的从唱片上听不到的曲子。
广西民族大学考研真题_语言学概论2007--2017年
广西民族大学2008年硕士研究生入学考试试题（所有试题答案必须写在答题纸上，答案写在试卷上无效）学科专业：语言学及应用语言学研究方向： 01——04方向汉语言文字学所有方向中国少数民族语言文学 01——03方向考试科目：817 语言学概论试卷代号：A卷一、解释下列术语（每小题4分，共5小题，共20分）1．格2．调位3．屈折语4．意音文字5．语言融合二、分析题（每小题10分，共2小题，共20分）1．下列语言现象，哪些属于“构词”，哪些属于“构形”？汉语：性急烟头木头星星看看英语：blackboard teacher longer works desks2．请分析下列汉语、英语的音变现象，指出类型，并说明原因。
（1）“bills”、“legs”中的“s”都发成[z]。
（2）“天边”的“天”，“难免”的“难”的韵尾都发成[m]。
（3）“勤恳”的“勤”，“辛苦”的“辛”的韵尾都发成[ŋ]。
三、问答题（每小题20分，共3小题，共60分）1．语言分化的结果有哪些？2．词义引申的主要方式是什么？请举例说明。
3．在辅音音位的区别特征上，汉语普通话与英语各有什么显著的特征？四、论述题（每小题25分，共2小题，共50分）1．试以词为例，说明语言符号在组合时的特点。
2．以汉语和英语为例，说明语法的发展有哪些主要表现。
2009年硕士研究生入学考试初试广西民族大学自命题科目试题（试卷代号：A卷）科目代码： 817科目名称：语言学概论适用学科专业：语言学及应用语言学、汉语言文字学 中国少数民族语言文学 研究方向：命题教师签名：考生须知1 答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题册上无效。
2 答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔作答，用其它笔答题不给分。
3 交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考生交卷的凭证）。
否则，产生的一切后果由考生自负。
一、解释下列术语（每小题5分，共6小题，共30分）1. 人称2. 表意字3. 递归性4. 任意性5. 历史比较法6. 词义的概括性二、按照普通话的读音，给下列词注上国际音标（每个词2分，共10个词，共20分）历史区域社会治安知识英雄绿化唐朝机器人民三、分析题（共30分）（一）分析下列音变现象，指出其类型，并说明原因（每小题5分，共2小题，共10分）1. 拉丁语中的marmor（大理石），到了英语里变成了marble。
2017年广西民族大学翻译硕士英语考研真题A卷
2017年广西民族大学翻译硕士英语考研真题A卷Part I. Basic English Knowledge (30%)Section A: Multiple-choice (20 %)Directions: There are forty multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.1.After people have learned that magnets attract things, centuries passed ____ they took note of the fact that magnets sometimes also repel things.A. beforeB. untilC. afterD. since2.Most of North America receives _________ some form of continuous plant cover except in the arid and semiarid Southwest.A. moisture to sustain sufficientB. sufficient moisture to sustainC. to sustain sufficient moistureD. sufficient to sustain moisture3._________ industries, inventions, and communal endeavors of the Shakers, the best known is their fine furniture.A. Of the manyB. Their manyC. Are the manyD. Many of the4. A condenser is a heat exchanger _________ steam or vapor loses heat and returns to liquid form.A. whatB. in whichC. in whoseD. that5.Settled by English Puritans in 1630, Boston became _________.A.so that the capital of the Massachusetts Bay ColonyB.the Massachusetts Bay Colony its capitalC.it was the capital of the Massachusetts Bay ColonyD.the capital of the Massachusetts Bay Colony6.The scents of the flowers was______ to us by the breeze.A. interceptedB. detestedC. saturatedD. wafted7.I f you______ something, such as food or drink, you reduce its quality or make it weak, for example by adding water to it.A. adulterateB. moorC. vaccinateD. sue8. Government loan have been the______ of several shaky business companies.A. tornadoB. salvationC. delinquencyD. momentum9. She made shorthand notes which she later _ .A. inscribedB. describedC. prescribedD. transcribedHe gave me an _ either Mary have to leave, or me.A. ulcerB. underdogC. ultimatumD. underworld11. _____ no cause for alarm, the old man went back to his bedroom.A. There wasB. SinceC. BeingD. There beingI have never been to London, but that is the city_______.A. where I like to visit mostB. I’d most like to visitC. which I like to visit mostlyD. where I’d like most to visitThe experiment requires more money than _______.A. has been put inB. being put inC. have been put inD. to be put inFat cannot change into muscle ______muscle changes into fat.A. no more thanB. any more thanC. no less thanD. much more thanShe managed to save _______she could out of her wages to help her brother.A. how little moneyB. so little moneyC. what little moneyD. such little money16. A cinema was burnt out in north London last night. Police suspect _ .A. armpitB. arsenalC. arsonD. artifactShe trimmed the _ of the tulips before putting them in a vase.A. sprigB. spruceC. stakesD. stalksIt was as a physician that he represented himself, and_____ he was warmly received.A. as suchB. such asC. as thatD. so thatWhile most people would _ at the prospect of so much work, Daniels seems to positively enjoy it.A. accentuateB. collateC. dehumanizeD. blanch20.Even as a girl, _____to be her life, and theater audiences were to be her best teachers.A.performing by Melissa wereB.Melissa knew that performing wasC.knowing that Melissa’s performances wereD.it was known that Melissa’s performances wereSection B: Proofreading and Error Correction (10 %)Directions: The following passage contains 10 errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it.Please write your answers on the Answer Sheet.Many witnesses concerning the Chinese have told the truth, but perhapsa few of them have succeeded in telling nothing but the truth, and no one of(21)them has ever told the whole truth. No single individual, whatever the extentof his knowledge, could by any possible know the whole truth about the (22)Chinese.The difficulty of comparing Chinese with Anglo-Saxons will be more (23)strongly felt by those who have attempted. To such it will soon become (24)evident that many things which seem “characteristic” of the Chinese aremerely Oriental traits; but in what extent this is true, each reader in the(25)light of his own experience must judge by himself. (26)It has been said that in the present stage of our intercourse with Chinesethere are three ways in which we can come to some knowledge of theirsocial life—by the study of their novels, their ballads, and their plays. Eachof these sources of information doubtless have its worth, but there is likewise(27)a fourth, more valuable than all of them combining, a source not open to every(28)one who wrote on China and the Chinese. It is the study of the family life of(29)the Chinese in their own homes. As the topography of a district can be muchbetter understood in the country than the city, so it is with the characteristics(30)of the people. A foreigner may live in a Chinese city for a decade, and not gainas much knowledge of the interior life of the people as he can acquire by livingtwelve months in a Chinese village.Part II.Reading Comprehension (50 %)Section A (30 %)Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D).You should decide on the best choice and write your answers on the Answer Sheet.Passage OneQuestions 31 to 39 are based on the following passage.My Views on GamblingMost of life is a gamble. Very many of the things we do involve taking some risk in order to achieve a satisfactory result. We undertake a new job with no idea of the more indirect consequences of our action. Marriage is certainly a gamble and so is the bringing into existence of children, who could prove sad liabilities.A journey, a business transaction, even a chance remark may result immediately or ultimately in tragedy. Perpetually we gamble—against life, destiny, chance, the unknown—call the invisible opponent what we will. Human survival and progress indicate that usually we win.So the gambling instinct must be an elemental one. Taking risks achieve something is a characteristic of all form of life, including humanity. As soon as man acquired property, the challenge he habitually issued to destiny found an additional expression in a human contest. Early may well have staked his flint axe, his bearskin, his wife, in the hope of adding to his possessions. The acquirement of desirable but non-essential commodities must have increased his scope enormously, while the risk of complete disaster lessened.So long as man was gambling against destiny, the odds were usually in his favor, especially when he used common sense. But as the methods of gambling multiplied, the chances of success decreased. A wager against one person offered on average even chances and no third party profited by the transaction. But as soon as commercialized city life developed, mass gambling become common. Thousands of people now compete for large prizes, but with only minute chances of success, while the organizers of gambling concerns enjoy big profits with, in some cases, no riskat all. Few clients of the betting shops, football pools, state lotteries, bingo sessions, even charity raffles, realize fully the flimsiness of their chances and the fact that without fantastic luck they are certain to lose rather than gain.Little irreparable harm results for the normal individual. That big business profits from the satisfaction of a human instinct is a common enough phenomenon. The average wage-earner, who leads a colorless existence, devotes a small percentage of his earnings to keeping alive with extraordinary constancy the dream of achieving some magic change in his life. Gambling is in most cases a non-toxic drug against boredom and apathy and many well preserve good temper, patience and optimism in dreary circumstances. A sudden windfall may unbalance a weaker, less intelligent person and even ruin his life. And the lure of something for nothing as an ideal evokes criticism from the more rigidly upright representative of the community. But few of us have the right to condemn as few of us can say we never gamble—even it is only investing a few pence a week in the firm’s football sweep or the church bazaar “lucky dip”.Trouble develops, however, when any human instinct or appetite becomes overdeveloped. Moderate drinking produces few harmful effects but drunkenness and alcoholism can have terrible consequences. With an unlucky combination of temperament and circumstances, gambling can only become an obsession, almost a form of insanity, resulting in the loss not only of a man’s property but of his self-respect and his conscience. Far worse are the sufferings of his dependents, deprived of material comfort and condemned to watching his deterioration and hopelessness. They share none of his feverish excitement or the exhilaration of his rare success. The fact that he does not with to be cured makes psychological treatment of the gambling addict almost impossible. He will use any means, including stealing, to enable him to carry on. It might be possible to pay what salary he can earn to his wife for the family maintenance but this is clearly no solution. Nothing—education, home environment, other interest, wise discouragement—is likely to restrain the obsessed gambler and even when it is he alone who suffers the consequences , his disease is a cruel one, resulting in a wasted, unhappy life.Even in the case of the more physically harmful of human indulgences, repressive legislation often increase the damage by causing more vicious activities designed to perpetuate the indulgence in secret. On the whole, thoughnegative, gambling is no vice within reasonable limits. It would still exist in an ideal society. The most we can hope for is control over exaggerated profits resulting from its business exploitation, far more attention and research devoted to the unhappy gambling addict and the type of education which will encourage an interest in so many other constructive activities that gambling itself will lose its fascination as an opiate to a dreary existence. It could be regarded as an occasional mildly exciting game, never to be taken very seriously.31.According to the author, we gamble regardless of the risk, because weA.want to survive.ually win in the gamble.C.don’t know the indirect consequences of the action.D.wish to achieve what may bring us satisfaction.32.The bringing into existence of children is also a gamble because they mayA. be mentally retarded.B. become our disappointment.C. go against us.D. become our opponents.33.According to the passage, we all take risk in gambling because we areA.born with the tendency of taking risks.B.forced to achieve satisfactory result.C.obliged to achieve what we desire.D.born with the nature of achieving satisfaction.34.The gambling instinct, according to the author, is reinforced by human’s desiretoA.give up unnecessary property.B.add more to their material possession.C.get desirable commodities.D.change their living conditions.35.Which of the following is true?A.If we dare to gamble, we will usually win.B.If we use common sense to gamble, we will usually lose.C.The luck is usually on our side so long as we have the confidence to changeour fate.D.We all have the luck to win the gamble if we use common sense.36.Which of the following is true?A.The more methods to gamble, the fewer the chances to succeed.mon sense plays a role in a gamble.C.The more methods there are, the less profit we will make.D.The more methods there are, the more chances for us to win a gamble.37.Who get profits from gambling activities with no risks?A.Those who organize the activities.B.Those who often go to state lotteries.C.Those who often go to football pools.D.Those who do not take so seriously.38.M any people would like to give away a small sum of money because they constantly think the donation mayA.not affect their general income.B.bring them unexpected big sums of money.C.help them preserve their temper and patience.D.bring them some pennies from heaven.39.According to the author, gambling may lose its fascination if weA.create more chances.B.do not take it so seriously.anize more other activities.D.help develop an interest in other activities.Passage TwoQuestions 40 to 45 are based on the following passage.Russia’s new revolution in conservationWhen naturalist Sergei Smirenski set out to create Russia’s first private nature reserve since the Bolshvik revolution, he knew that the greatest obstacle would be overcoming bureaucratic resistance.The Moscow State University professor has charted a steep course through a variety of foes, from local wildlife service officials who covet his funding to government officials who saw more value in development than conservation. But with incredible dedication, and the support of a wide range of international donors form Japan to the United States, the Murovyovka Nature Reserve has finally come into being.Founded at a small ceremony last summer, the private reserve covers 11000 acres of pristine wetlands along the banks of the Amur River in the Russian Far East. Here, amid forests and marshes encompassing a variety of microhabitats, nest some of the world’s rarest birds—tall, elegant cranes whose numbers are counted in the mere hundreds.The creation of the park marks a new approach to nature conservation in Russia, one that combines traditional methods of protection with an attempt to adapt to the changing economic and political circumstances of the new Russia.“There must be a thousand ways to save a wetland. It is time for vision and risk, and also hard practicality,” wrote Jim Harris, deputy director of the International Crane Foundation, a Wisconsin-based organization dedicated to the study and preservation of cranes, which has been a major supporter of the Murovyovka project.Dr. Smirenski’s vision has been eminently down to earth. At every step, he has tried to involve local officials, businessmen and collective farms in the project, giving them a practical, economic stakes in its success. And with international support, he is trying to introduce new methods of organic farming that will be more compatible with preserving the wetlands.40.The Murovyovka Nature Reserve came into being because ofA.Russian government officials.B.the International Crane Foundation.C.the determination of one man.D.an unrealistic dream.41.I f one “charts a steep uphill course” (paragraph 2), oneA.expects an arduous journey.B.maps out a mountain trip.C.assumes that life will be uneventful.D.sets himself a difficult goal.42.The preserved “pristine wetlands” mentioned in paragraph 3 areA. unspoiled.B. precious.C. immaculate.D. uncontaminated.43.The passage states that the Nature Reserve isA.an arid, uninhabited area.B.the only reserve in Russia.C.home to many different birds.D.economically beneficial to local inhabitants.44.The passage implies that the preservation of wetlandsA.can only be accomplished with traditional methods.B.requires imagination, daring and pragmatism.C. is usually a popular concern of politicians.D. limits an area’s development.45. Where is the headquarter of the International Crane Foundation?A. MoscowB. JapanC. WisconsinD. MurovyovkaSection B: Cloze (20 %)Please fill in blanks 46 to 65 of the following passage. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.An important factor of leadership is attraction. This does not mean attractiveness in the ordinary sense,for that is a born quality 46 our control. The leader has, nevertheless, to be a magnet; a central figure towards whom people are 47 . Magnetism in that sense depends, first of all, 48 being seen.There is a type of authority which can be 49 from behind closed doors, but that is not leadership.50 there is movement and action, the true leaders is in the forefront and may seem, indeed, to be everywhere at once. He has to become a legend; the 51 for anecdotes, whether true or 52 , character.One of the simplest devices is to be absent 53 the occasion when the leader might be 54 to be there,enough in itself to start a rumor about the vital business 55 has detained him. To 56 up for this, he can appear when least expected, giving rise to another story about the interest he can display57 thingswhich other folks might 58 as trivial.With this gift for 59 curiosity the leader always combines a reluctance to talk about himself. His interest is 60 in other people he questions them and encourages them to talk and then remembers all61 is relevant. He never leaves a party 62 he has mentally filed a minimum dossier ( 档案) on 63 present, ensuring that he knows 64 to say when he meets them again. He is not artificially extrovert buthe would usually rather listen 65 talk. Others realize gradually that his importance needs no proof。
广西民族大学817写作与翻译历年考研真题2010-2020、无2012,2016
考试科目代码及名称：817写作与翻译第1页共2页2020年硕士研究生招生考试试题【A】卷科目代码及名称：817写作与翻译考生须知1．答案须写在答题纸密封线内，写在试卷、草稿纸等均无效。
2．答题时一律使用蓝或黑色钢笔、签字笔书写。
3．交卷时，请本人将试卷、答题纸放入试题袋内，密封后在封条与试卷袋骑缝处亲笔签名。
一、汉译英题（共1小题，共40分）现在大学生的学习压力相当重。
除了大四，他们开始找工作了，其余的学生总是忙于学习，而不愿参加校园团体和俱乐部，不愿参加体育锻炼和其他课外活动，不愿与他们的朋友玩，不愿关心和学习没有关系的事。
总之，他们就像一个机器人。
压力大，时间少，功课多。
看到同寝室里的人都上图书馆去学习，到深夜闭馆才回，而自己却去看电影，他们就会有一种内疚感。
一想到白天什么事都没干，心里就感到不安，会整夜因此睡不着觉。
他们学习太紧张，几乎没有时间好好品尝生活，干些其他事，成为一个全面发展的人。
读大学使他们失去太多的个人幸福和健康。
二、英译汉题（每小题30分，共2小题，共60）1．A disciple of Confucius,the favourite Yen Hui,enquired what constituted a moral life.Confucius answered,“Renounce yourself and conform to the ideal of decency and good sense.”“If one could only,”Confucius went on to say,“live a moral life,renouncing himself and conforming to the ideal of decency and good sense for one single day,the world would become moral.To be moral,a man depends entirely upon himself and not upon others.”The disciple then asked for practical rules to be observed in living a moral life.Confucius answered,“Whatever things are contrary to the ideal of decency and good sense,do not look upon them.Whatever things are contrary to the ideal of decency and good sense,do not listen to them.Whatever things are contrary to the ideal of decency and good sense,do not utter them with your stly,let nothing in whatever things you do,act or move,be contrary to the ideal of decency and good sense.”Another disciple of Confucius on another occasion asked what constituted a moral life.Confucius answered,“When going out into the world,behave always as if you were at an audience before the Emperor;in dealing with the people,act as if you were at worship before。
广西民族大学考研真题_英语教学论2016--2017年
广西民族大学2016年硕士研究生入学考试初试自命题科目试题（试卷代号：A卷）科目代码： 810科目名称：英语教学论适用学科专业：学科教学（英语）研究方向：外国语言学及应用语言学命题教师签名：考生须知1）答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题上无效。
2）答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔作答，用其它笔答题不给分。
3）交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考生交卷的凭证）。
否则，产生的一切后果由考生自负。
×××试题册共页第1页I. There are 12 incomplete statements and 8 questions in this part. Each statement or question has four answers marked A, B, C and D. Read the choices carefully and choose the one which can best complete the statement or answer the question and then write your answers on the Answer Sheet. (30 points, 1.5 points for each)1. Chomsky believes that linguistic study and research can help explain what happens inthe mind, and linguistics should be regarded as a branch ofA. methodologyB. psychologyC. sociologyD. anthropology2. Generally speaking, the Grammar-translation Method belongs to the school oflinguistics.A. appliedB. modernC. traditionalD. behaviourist3. The neogrammarians, represented by Hermann Paul, formed the main linguistic base ofA. the Grammar-Translation MethodB. the Direct MethodC. the Oral ApproachD. the Audiolingual Method4. The Oral Approach/Situational Language Teaching believes in a theory of learningthe language is based on a type of theory.A. behaviorist habit formationB. structural linguisticsB. cognitive psychology D. functional linguistics5. The Natural Approach sees the language acquirer as a of comprehensible input.A. receiverB. producerC. processorD. acquirer6. The Audiolingual Method insists on accurate reproduction of sentence patterns andtheir attitude towards students’ language error isA. positiveB. negativeC. passiveD. active7. The monitor theory, which is very popular among foreign language teachersin , was put forward by Stephen Krashen in the late 1970s.A. ChinaB. FranceC. BritainD. America8. James Asher was the founder ofA. the Direct MethodB. the Cognitive ApproachC. Total Physical ResponseD. suggestopaedia9. With regard to syllabus design, the Communicative approach emphasizesA. communicationB. expressing of meaningC. teacher’s skillsD. learners’ needs10. The Cognitive Approach believes that play a decisive role in foreignlanguage learning.A. the teacherB. the studentsC. the materialsD. the environment11. English teaching in China didn’t enter into the formal educational systemuntil the ______ century.A. late 19thB. early 20thC. mid-20thD. late 20th12. The generative linguist is interested not only in ______ language but also inexplaining language.A. teachingB. describingC. usingD. understanding13. Which role does the teacher play in the following activities?When answering the teacher’ question, if a student doesn’t seem to be ready for an answer, the teacher gives hints.A. controllerB. participantC. assessorD. prompter14. In teaching grammar, what stage can the teacher use for following activity?The teacher asks the students to produce sentences based on the pictures provided.A. presentationB. practiceC. applicationD. production15. Which reading skill is the teacher using in teaching reading?The teacher asks the students to try to guess information or ideas that go beyond the literal meaning of the text.A.inferring or reading between the linesB.recognizing organization of the textC.predictingD.scanning16. How is the following activity organized?The teacher asks all the students to do completion exercises.A. pair workB. whole-class workC. individualD. group work17. In teaching vocabulary, what stage is most suitable for the following activityThe teacher uses word formation rules and common affixes to buildnew lexical knowledge.A. presentationB. productionC. practiceD. B & C18. What technique is the teacher using in teaching writing?Students editing of each others’ writingsA. conferencingB. peer-editingC. RevisingD. self-editing19. What activity the teacher is doing?The teacher gives the first half of the dialogue by asking a question:（The teacher holds on a picture with a person reading a book）T: what were you doing when I called you last night?S: I was reading a book when you called.A. controlled activity B Semi-controlled activityC. commutative activityD. free activity20. Which type of approach can best describe the following learning pattern?Discussion about how to solve certain problemsA.autonomous learningB.interactive learningC.contextualized learningD.task-based learningII. Decided whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).Write your answers on the Answer Sheet. (10 points, 1 point for each)1. As a teaching technique, the Grammar-translation Method teaches grammar inductively.2. The Direct Method emphasizes the importance of spoken language, therefore holds that reading and writing should be taught only after speaking.3. According to the Inductive Way Grammar Teaching, the grammar rules should be worked out by the students themselves from examples without explicit explanation from the teacher.4. In Cognitive Approach, second language acquisition is viewed as the acquisition of knowledge, involving cognitive representations that regulate and guide internal performance.5. In Communicative Approach teacher is viewed as the authority of the classroom.6. Emphasis on learning to communicate in the target language is one of the main features of The Communicative Approach.7. According to Krashen, language learning comes about through using target language communicatively, rather than through practicing language skills.8. According to Skinner, reward was much more effective than punishment ina teaching situation.9. Classroom instructions refer to the type of language teachers use to organize or guide learning10. Assessment often takes the ‘pencil and paper’ form and it is only done at the end ofa learning period.III. Filling in the blanks. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet (40 points, 2 points for each)1. In Krashens Monitor Mode of second language development, there are two distinct processes, one is acquisition, and the other is ..2. , a linguist in America, is regarded as the father of American structuralism.3. An ultimate purpose of learning a foreign language in a Grammar-Translation classroom if to enable the learners to its literature.4. Ideally Lesson planning should be done at two levels: and micro planning.5. The three models for teaching reading are: , top-down and interactive model.6. The Audiolingual Method uses dialogues as the main form of language presentationand as the main training techniques.7. The Cognitive Approach believes that language learning is a process whichinvolves and not simply the forming of habits.8. The is the center of Krashen’s second language learning theory.9. According to Hedge, communicative competence includes linguistic competence, pragmatic competence, , strategic competence and fluency.10. The teacher plays an role in Total Physical Response.11. A typical task-based Language Teaching procedure usually consists of three stages: Pre-task, Task cycle and .12. In teaching grammar, mechanical practice is mainly used to help the learners tomaster accurately.13. Scanning is a type of pre-reading activity, which means to read to locate specific.14. The main procedures of process writing include creating a motivation to write, brainstorming, mapping, freewriting, outlining, drafting, revising and conferencing.15. A PPP model refers to Presentation, and Production.16. The general aim of the Communicative Approach is to develop the students’ .17. Tactile learners learn more effectively through .18. There are two methods of assessment: and formative assessment.19. In practicing language skills, controlled activities mainly focus on and accuracy.20. The functional view of linguistic not only sees language as a linguistic system but also afor doing thingsIV. Answer the following questions. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet (40 points, 8 points for each)1.What are mechanical practice and meaningful practice in grammar teaching? In order toteach grammar effectively, how to use these two practices?2.What roles do you think a teacher should play in the classroom? State your reasons.3. How do you understand the relationship between the grammatical forms of a language andtheir communicative functions?4.What rules do you think a teacher should follow in order to make classroom instructioneffective?5.What are the objectives of the pre-reading stages of teaching reading and what techniquescan be employed to fulfill these objectives？V. Lesson designing (30 points)Directions: In this part, you are to design a 40-minute writing lesson according to the information provided.Information: Type of the lesson: writingStudent level: 40 junior middle school students, Grade 8Lesson duration: 40 minutesThe Aim of the lesson: By the end of the lesson, students will be able to write a 100-word passage describing a person in terms of: appearance, personality andhobbies.Your answer should include:1. A lesson plan which includes:1）Teaching objectives ( at least 3 objectives, 6 points , 2 points for each )2）Teaching important and difficult points (4 points, 2 points for each )3）Teaching aids (3 points)4）Teaching procedures ( at least 3 steps, 9 points, 3 points for each)2.Predicted problems and solutions (8 points, 4 points for each)广西民族大学2017年硕士研究生入学考试初试自命题科目试题试卷代号：A卷科目代码：810科目名称:英语教学论考生须知1．答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题、草稿纸上无效。
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中国东盟商务与投资峰会
Part II Passage Translation (120%) 1. Translate the following into Chinese (60 points). A Meditation Upon a Broomstick Jonathan Swift This single stick, which you now behold ingloriously lying in that neglected corner, I once knew in a flourishing state in a forest. It was full of sap, full of leaves, and full of boughs, but now in vain does the busy art of man pretend to vie with nature, by tying that withered bundle of twigs to its sapless trunk. It is now, at best, but the reverse of what it was: a tree turned upside down, the branches on the earth, and the root in the air. It is now handled by every dirty wench, condemned to do her drudgery, and by a capricious kind of fate destined to make other things clean and be nasty itself. At length, worn to the stumps in the service of the maids, it is either thrown out of doors or condemned to its last use — of kindling a fire. When I beheld this, I sighed and said within myself, “Surely mortal man is a broomstick!”: Nature sent him into the world strong and lusty, in a thriving condition, wearing his own hair on his head, the proper branches of this reasoning vegetable, until the axe of intemperance has lopped off his green boughs and left him a withered trunk; he then flies to art, and puts on a periwig, valuing himself upon an unnatural bundle of hairs, all covered with powder, that never grew on his head. But now should this our broomstick pretend to enter the scene, proud of those birchen spoils it never bore, and all covered with dust, though the sweepings of the finest lady's chamber, we should be apt to ridicule and despise its vanity. Partial judges that we are of our own excellencies and other men's defaults.
广西民族大学 2011年硕士研究生入学考试初试自命题科目试题
（试卷代翻译基础
适用学科专业：
翻译硕士（MTI） __
研究方向：
英语口译、英语笔译
命题教师签名：
考生须知
1． 答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题上无效。 2． 答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔作答，用其它笔答题不给分。
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3． 交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为 考生交卷的凭证）。否则，产生的一切后果由考生自负。
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Part I. Terminology and Phrase Translation (30%) 1. Translate the following terms, phrases or acronyms into Chinese (15 points). OA CPI MPA speed bump a grand jury blue chip stock cloud computing British Petroleum ASEAN Secretariat chief operating officer constitutional monarchy (U. S.) District Attorney (U. S.) Political Action Committee (U. S.) Department of Homeland Security The Royal Swedish Academy of Science 2. Translate the following terms, phrases or acronyms into English (15 points). 微博 创业板 廉租房 保税区 节能减排 低碳经济 厚利多销 科学发展观 服务型政府 经济适用房 一审终审制 紧缩银根政策 南宁国际会展中心 广西国际博览事务局