(高三一轮复习市级公开课)现在分词与过去分词区别

1、作定语时
被动关系
1. The meeting held last week is very important.
主动关系
2.Tell the children playing there not to make so much noise.
What’s the difference between ing and –ed form used as an attribute?
注意
1.____ the programme, they have to stay there for another two weeks .(2014 广东) A. Not completing B. Not completed C. Not having completed D. Having not completed
everything is going under way. (satisfy)
In April，thousands of holidaymakers remained ________abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.(2010福建，34） A．sticking B．stuck C．to be stuck D．to have stuck
supposing / providing /provided that 如果
compared with/to 与…相比
例如 ① Judging from his accent ,he is from the south . ② Considering your health , you ‘d better have a rest .
1).现在分词的一般式与完成式：
一般式：doing 表示非谓语动作与谓语动作几乎同时发生。 完成式：having done 表示非谓语动作与谓语动作有着先后顺序 。
___nearly all our money, we couldn’t afford to stay at a hotel. (2014江西，31） A.Having spent B. To spent C. Spent D. To have spent
非谓语动词解题 四大步骤
非谓语动词解题步骤
一. 辨别“谓与非谓” 二. 找逻辑主语 三、分析语态 四、分析时态
方法总结： 谓非谓，找主语，析语态，定时态
Attention: 1.______many times , ___ but he still C couldn't understand it . 注意连词 A 2. ______many times ,
exciting (excite) 1. The news was___________.
2. He appeared __________with my answer. (satisfy) satisfied
3. From his __________ satisfied voice on the phone I know
C. to be given
D. having been given
3）独立成分作状语
有些分词作状语时，其形式的选用不受上下文的影响，称作独立成分或插 入语。常见的有：
generally / frankly/ strictly speaking 一般而言/坦率地说/ 严格地说 judging from /by 根据…来判断 considering / taking …into consideration考虑到…；鉴于…
3、作宾语补足语时 取决于分词与宾语的关系： 主动关系，用doing 被动关系，用done。
例如
主动关系
1.I found them painting the windows.
（现在分词表主动、进行） 被动关系
2. I found the windows painted.
（过去分词表被动、完成）
1. The manager was satisfied to see many new products _____ after great effort. （2014四川5) A. having developed B. to develop C. developed D. develop 2. I looked up and noticed a snake ________ its way up the tree to catch its breakfast. (2012四 川,8) A．to wind B．wind C．winding D．wound
练习
1.Watching television ,____ .(05 全国Ⅱ) A. the doorbell rang B. the doorbell rings C. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell rings 2).分词作状语的基本原则：
2.尽管受到了父母的鼓励，他仍然没有信心克服
困难。（省略although, though，让步状语）
A.Get the encouragement from parents, he still have no confidence to overcome the difficulties. (汤同学）
分词作状语时， 分词的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一 致。当非谓语动作的主语不是句子的主语时，必须加上其 自己的逻辑主语，这种结构成为独立主格结构。
The lecture ________, a lively questionand-answer session followed. (2014江苏， 29） A. being given B. having given
2、作表语时（跟在系动词后）
现在分词多表示主语所具有的特征或属性；过去分
词多表示主语所处的状态。现在分词表示“令人…
的”，过去分词表示“感到…”.常见的分词有：
amazed / amazing, excited / exciting, bored / boring, annoyed / annoying, interested / interesting, tired / tiring, surprised / surprising, worried/ worrying , satisfied / satisfying, amused / amusing
he still couldn't understand it .
A. Having been told B. Being told
C. He had been told D. Though he was told
C a hot day, we’d better go swimming. 3.It ___
B. He has no confidence to solve problems, been encouraged by parents.(杨同学）
3.他们切断了电源，及时阻止了一场火灾。 （结果状语） They cut off electricity to stop a fire in time. (秦同学）
We are trying our best to catch up with the developed country.
Do you know the boy crying under the tree?
The students are discussing a book written by LuXun.
2. ______ an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later. (2012 江苏,31) A. Base B. Based C. Basing D. To base
4、作状语时
被动关系
Seen from the moon, the earth looks like a blue ball.
Seeing nobody at home , he left.
主动关系
分词的选取：取决于分词与句子主语的关系： 主动关系，用 doing 被动关系，用 done
1. Anyone , once _______ positive for H7N9 flu virus , will receive medical treatment from our government. (2013福建，32） A. to be tested B. being tested C .tested D. to test
非谓语动词的句法功能
不 定 式 动 名 词
分 词
主 语 主 语
宾 语 宾 语
表 语 表 语 表 语
宾 补
定 语 定 语
状 语
宾 补
定 语
状 语
非谓语动词复习
现在分词与过去分词
的区别
1、作定语时
单个的分词作定语时一般前置（位于被修 饰的词之前），分词短语作定语时后置。
Do you know the crying boy?
4. ____ E a rainy day ; we decided not to go there.
A.is D.It being
B. to be E. It was
C. being F. been
注意标点符号
tense: C ____ 1. The building ____now will be a restaurant . B ________ 2. The building ____ next year will be a restaurant . D ________ 3. The building ______last year is a restaurant. A.having been built B. to be built
非谓语动词分类
Infinitive 不定式 (to) do
非 谓 语
Gerund 动名词（-ing)
a swimmingBiblioteka Baidupool
动词 -ing 形式
Participle 分词
现在分词(-ing) Present participle
a swimming boy
过去分词(-ed) Past particle
非谓语动词 Non-predicate Verb
----by Xu Wen yan Suzhou No.5 High School
By the end of this lesson, we should be able to have a good command of ◆ the difference between present participle and past participle ◆ how to solve non-predicate problems
现在分词作定语表示动作正在发生或与谓 语动作同时（或基本同时）发生，与所 修饰的词是主动关系或主谓关系
及物动词的过去分词作定语表完成或被动 的动作，与所修饰的词是被动关系或动 宾关系；不及物动词的过去分词作定语 只表完成不表被动的动作。
a retired worker 退休工人
1.There is a note pinned to the door __________ when the shop will open again. (2014山东，6） A. saying B. says C. said D. having said 2. Annie Salmon, disabled, is attended throughout her school days by a nurse _______ to guard her.（2014浙江，14） A. to appoint B. appointing C. appointed D. having appointed
1.老师进了实验室，后面跟着一些学生。 (伴随状语) A. The teacher entered the lab, following some students.(杨同学）
B. The teacher coming into the lab, a group of students followed. (施同学）