(完整版)英语长难句结构分析(含2019年高考全国1-3卷试题长难句)(可编辑修改word版)

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2019年高考英语阅读长难句分析[修正版].doc

高考英语阅读长难句分析纵观历年高考英语试题，可以发现阅读文章中出现了许多结构复杂的句子。

不难理解，命题者在句子难度上大做文章，无非是想通过增加句子长度和使用复杂结构来打断和干扰考生正常的阅读习惯和思维方式，从而达到考查考生综合阅读能力的目的。

下面我们来了解长难句最常见的形式。

1、带有较多成分的简单句。

如：，the toothpaste marketer，Having chosen family television programs and women’s magazinesfor instance，must select the exact television programs and stations as well as the specific women magazines to be used.例如，决定选择家庭电视节目和妇女杂志后，牙膏经销商还必须挑选出要用的确切的电视节目和电视台，以及那些具体的妇女杂志。

在这个有30多个词的简单句中，______________短语用作时间状语，不定式to be used 修饰的不仅是_______________，而且还修饰__________________________. exact television 同时修饰______________和______________两个词，这在翻译中可以看出来。

插入语____________把主语和谓语分隔开了。

2、含有多个简单句的并列句。

如：In the 1970s he was a surgeon at Yale，had a wonderful wife and five beautiful children，but he was terribly unhappy.在20世纪70年代，他在耶鲁当外科医生，有位出色的太太和5个漂亮的孩子，但他那时过得却很不开心。

在第二个并列句中，即在had前面省略了_______ ________.Discrimination(歧视) isn’t their only concern；almost everyone testing positive for the gene(基因) develops symptoms(症状) during middle age，and doctors can do Huntington’snothing to help.担心受到歧视并不是他们唯一的忧虑，几乎所有遗传性亨廷顿病基因检测呈阳性的人在中年时症状都会显现出来，而医生对此却无能为力。

英语长难句结构分析

英语长难句结构分析(含2019年高考全国1-3卷长难句)英语中句子最基本的句式只有五种，其他各种句式都是由这五种基本句式转换而来。

五种基本句式如下：1主语＋谓语(不及物动词)2主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语3主语＋系动词＋表语4主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋间接宾语＋直接宾语5主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语＋宾语补足语此外还有特殊句式如there be-, 强调句，倒装句等。

但是在真实的语言环境中，句子结构远非这么简单。

复杂主语、复杂宾语、复杂介词短语，还有各种复杂的定语和状语等修饰成分让句子变得异常复杂。

高考阅读理解、完型填空和语法填空经常出现结构复杂的长难句，影响考生对语篇文段的理解。

另外，新高考将包括两个写作题：读后续写(概要写作)和应用文写作。

在评分标准中把“尽力使用较复杂语法结构”视为是否得高分的标准之一。

因此，学会分析长难句显得格外重要。

一个句子之所以成为长难句，就是因为句子各部分成分和结构复杂，具体说就是句中出现了复杂主语、复杂宾语、复杂修饰语(介词短语、非谓语动词、定语和状语)以及各种从句等。

下面分类解析：一、复杂主语包括下列情形：含有连词如and, both...and..., either...or..., neither...nor..., not only...but (also), as well as；非谓语动词做主语；主语从句充当主语；同位语结构做主语等。

如：Those who were highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school,are “most likely to engage(从事) in dangerous and risky be havior.”(2019高考全国Ⅰ卷阅读理解D) (as well as 连接those who...与those least liked ...做主语)The gunners like to describe what they do as character-building, but we know that to wound an animal and watch it go through the agony(痛苦) of dying can make nobody happy. (动词不定式to do结构做主语)Connecting to the community（社区）as you freely give your time, money, skills, or servicesprovides a real joy. (2019高考全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解B) (-ing形式做主语)Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can’t forget that deep relationships wouldn't even exist if it weren’t for casual conversation. (2018全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解D) (-ing形式做主语)What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes. (2019高考全国Ⅰ卷阅读理解B) (主语从句充当主语)Shackleton,a onetime British merchant-navy officer who?had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908,?started?a business...(2016全国甲卷阅读理解D) (同位语结构做主语)二、主谓之间被介词短语、定语从句或非谓语动词分隔Mr. Robbins, together with his wife and children, is leaving London for Paris.Frank Hurley, a confident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic,was hired to make the images, most of which have never before been published.(2016全国新课标甲卷阅读理解D)According to the report's key findings, “the proportion(比例) who say they ‘never’ or ‘hardly ever’ read for fun has gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9 percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively today.”(2018全国卷Ⅱ阅读C)三、复杂表语包括非谓语动词、表语从句等。

【高考英语】2019最新整理-高考真题中的长难句练习(word文档含解析)

【高考英语】2019最新整理-高考真题中的长难句练习（word文档含解析）英语高考试卷中，阅读占到了全卷分数的半壁江山。

把阅读做好了，在考试时就会得心应手。

阅读文章除了要有扎实的词汇基本功外，阅读长难句的能力也是至关重要的，刻意练习才能有效提高。

长难句破解策略抓核心，找主干，化繁为简，从长难到短易。

2017-2018全国一二三卷长难句练习自己先独立分析，完成后向下浏览，查看维克多英语独家解析请先分析句子的结构，即找出句子的主干，分析修饰成分或从句，然后准确理解句子的意义。

2017-2018全国一二三卷长难句练习答题要求：1. 画出句子主干2. 找出关联词，判断从句类型3. 弄清主句和从句的附属成分4. 翻译句子20182018全国一卷A1. Reserve your spot before availability — and the cherry blossoms — disappear!分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________2. Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D.C. newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort.looking to ...作newcomers and locals的后置定语。

分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________B3. In Save Money: Good Food, she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under £5 per family a day.分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________C4. … and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800.分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________5. The median number of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the world’s languages are spoken by fewer people than that.分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________D6. We may think we’re a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new.分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________7. According to the analysis of Babbitt’s team, old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions (排放) more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________8. …, but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing.翻译：__________________________________________________________________________9. They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________阅读七选五10. … color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________11. A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you’ll love to live in.分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________2018全国二卷A12. Thursday sees us make the short journey to Paris where we will visit Disneyland Paris park, staying until late to see the parade and the fireworks.分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________B13. Out com es a “soft-serve” creamy dessert, to be eaten right away.分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________14. When combined with berries or slices of other fruits, frozen bananas make an excellent base for thick, cooling fruit shakes and low fat “ice cream”.分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________C15. According to the report’s key findings, “the proportion who say they ‘never’ or ‘hardly ever’ read for fun has gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9 percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively today.”分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________16. The most hopeful data shared in the report shows clear evidence of parents serving as examples and important guides for their kids when it comes to reading.分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________D17. Dismissing small talk as unimpor tant is easy, but we can’t forget that deep relationships wouldn’t even exist if it weren’t for casual conversation.。

根据2023年高考卷分析高考英语长难句(练习教师版)

根据2022——2023年高考卷分析高考英语长难句（练习）养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。

做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。

一、长难句特征——“三长两短一并列”二、“三步法”拆句，迎刃而解长难句分析句式时,用一括{用小括号、中括号、箭头等符号标记句子的各修饰成分(如三长)}；二(画出主谓、主谓宾、主系表、主谓宾宾补、there be 句型等)；三会意(理解句意)。

结合三步法拆句清句子各部分间的关系。

△ 去繁存简抓主干无论句子多长,结构多么复杂,句子都是由一些基本成分组成的。

因此突破长难句的关键在于先找到句子的主干,再分析其他成分。

△ 借助连词/引导词划意群运用语法知识,借助连词/引导词的提示,将长句分解成若干意群,以降低理解难度△ 调整语序明句意理解句意时,应注意英、汉两种语言的差异,合理调整语序。

三、攻克三个“拦路虎”△ 非简单句●并列句：句子+并列连词(and, but, or, while, so, not only ...but also ..., either... or ...等) 十句子●主从复合句：三大从句为——定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句。

△ 非谓语动词(短语)非谓语动词(短语)在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、补语和状语，主要形式为：to do，doing，done。

△ 非正常语序非正常语序的句子主要指倒装句和强调句。

四、句子的分析练习（*非课标词汇）1. A person is thought to develop a habit in the course of pursuing goals by beginning to associatecertain cues with behavioural responses that help meet the goal. (2023年北京卷阅读表达)【词汇拓展】in the course of 在...的过程中pursue (v.) 追求→ (n.) pursuitassociate (v.) 联系→ (n.) association → 把...和...联系在一起associate A with B* cue(n.) n. 暗示，提示behavioural (adj.) 行为的，行为上的→ (n.) behavior → (v.) behave【句子分析】本句为主从复合句。

2019年全国卷一D篇阅读理解中长难句整理

D篇反馈小卷Para. 11.During the rosy years of elementary school, I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status.（精准的汉语释义）___________2.My tweens and teens, and mean girls and cool kids came then.（句型转换；倒装）_________________________________________________________________________3.They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jokes on others. I soon found myself among them.（句型转换；非限制性定语从句）_________________________________________________________________________ Para. 21.Popularity is a well-explored subject in social psychology. （汉语释义）___________2.Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories: the likable and the status seekers. （熟词生义；翻译句子）_________________________________________________________________________3. The likables’ plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work. （汉语释义）___________4. Then there’s the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence: status born of power and even dishonorable behavior.（汉语释义）___________Para. 31.Although the cool kids may have seemed enviable, Dr. Prinstein’s studies show unpleasant consequences.（句型转换；用as改写句子）_________________________________________________________________________2.Those who were highest in status in high school and those least liked in elementary school, are “most likely to engage in dangerous and risky behavior.”（句型转换；用as well as改写句子）_________________________________________________________________________ Para. 41.In one study, Dr. Prinstein __________ (调查) the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents, scoring (汉语释义) the least liked, the most liked and the highest in status based on student surveys. _____________2.We found that the least well-liked teens had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates. But those who were high in status become more aggressive too. （句型转换；用so 改写句子）_________________________________________________________________________3.It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the opposite effect on us. （翻译句子）_________________________________________________________________________ Para. 51.Dr. Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date（熟词生义）—sharing, kindness, openness —carry over （汉语释义）to later years and ______________________ (使你能够更好地) relate and connect with others.Para. 61.In analyzing his and other research, Dr. Prinstein ______________________ (得出另一个结论).（完成句子）2.Likability is not only related to positive life outcomes, but also responsible for those outcomes, too.（句型转换；倒装）_________________________________________________________________________3.“Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody ______________________ (获得优势), ” he said.（完成句子）参考答案：Para. 11.花样年华2. Then came my tweens and teens, and mean girls and cool kids.3. They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jokes on others, among whom I soon found myself.Para. 21. 充分研究的2. 把……分类；临床心理学教授米奇·普林斯坦将受欢迎的人分为两类：讨人喜欢的人和地位追求者。

2019年高考英语全国1卷试卷详细分析

2019年高考英语全国I卷真题解析整体来说，2019年高考英语全国Ⅰ卷试题没有偏难怪题，话题充满时代感，词汇量有提升，符合英语学习重视词汇量、增加阅读量的趋势，以及英语命题注重基础性、综合性、应用性和创新性的规律。

今年试题的主要特点可以用“稳中有变”四个字来概括，只有在必备知识、关键能力、学科素养和核心价值四个方面都做好充分的准备，才能真正地考好英语。

具体来看，2019年高考英语全国Ⅰ卷的命题有以下特点：一、选材上，围绕人与自然、人与社会、人与自我三大主题全面考查英语综合运用能力。

话题“环境保护”和“健康的生活方式”最为突出，如：保护海鸟（听力Text 10），乞力马扎罗山垃圾污染问题（完形填空），北极熊现状（语法填空）；锻炼身体的益处（听力Text 9），受欢迎程度与心理健康（D篇），呼吸新鲜空气（阅读七选五），喜欢足球运动（短文改错）等。

还有暑期工作介绍、向伦敦美术馆写申请信当志愿者且介绍中国画等，体现了英语的应用性、实效性与文化交流性。

总的来说，今年试卷的选材依旧贴近学生生活，符合英语作为一门语言讲究实际应用的特点。

二、难度上，和去年相比有一定的提升。

一方面，阅读文章词汇量明显提升，一词多义、熟词生义、构词法、词块比比皆是，尤其是阅读理解D篇，涉及心理学等背景知识，有很多学术词汇和长难句。

另一方面，完形填空相对较难，不同于以往的记叙文，文章融入了环保的主题，增加了对文章理解以及对作者态度把握的难度。

在文章和选项中还出现了较多的低频词，比如skeptical, advocate, artificial等。

三、知识考查上，强调基础性、综合性和应用性。

语法填空和短文改错涉及的考点与往年一致，都侧重于基本用法，没有偏难怪题。

第二部分阅读理解 (共两节，满分40分)第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

ANeed a Job This Summer?The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs. The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program.Not a student? Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people under 30 build skills, find a job or start businesses all year round.Jobs for YouthIf you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible (符合条件) for this program, which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training.Who is eligible: Youth 15-18 years old in select communities (社区).Summer CompanySummer Company provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to $3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses.Who is eligible: Students aged 15-29, returning to school in the fall.Stewardship Youth Ranger ProgramYou could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resource management projects for eight weeks this summer.Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.Summer Employment Opportunities (机会)Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program, students are hired each year in a variety of summer positions across the Provincial Public Service, its related agencies and community groups.Who is eligible: Students aged 15 or older. Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability.21. What is special about Summer Company?A. It requires no training before employment.B. It provides awards for running new businesses.C. It allows one to work in the natural environment.D. It offers more summer job opportunities.22. What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth Ranger Program?A. 15-18.B. 15-24.C. 15-29.D. 16-17.23. Which program favors the disabled?A. Jobs for Youth.B. Summer Company.C. Stewardship Youth Ranger Program.D. Summer Employment Opportunities.答案与解析21. B 事实细节题根据第五段Summer Company provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to $3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses. 可知，Summer Company 为创业者提供奖金。

(完整word版)高考英语阅读理解长难句分析详解

高考英语阅读理解长难句解析详解第一节：找谓语，定主语一般情况下，一个谓语形式的动词对应其动作的发出者（主语），我们能够依照谓语动词的意义来确定其主语。

而且，若是一个句子中出现两个或两个以上的谓语形式的动词，则该句能够是并列句或复合句（并列谓语动词的情况除外）。

如Declaring that he was opposed to using this unusual animal husbandry technique to clone humans, he ordered that federal funds not be used for such an experiment ---although no one had proposed to do so and asked an independent panel of experts chaired by Princeton President Harold Shapiro to report back to the White House in 90 days with recommendations for a national policy on human cloning.【简析】此句中的谓语形式的动词及其对应的主语有：ordered--he; (should) not be used ---federal--funds;hadwas opposed --he; proposed --- no one;asked--he (asked 前面有and, 说明 asked 与前面某个谓语动词并列，依照逻辑意义 asked应与ordered 并列 )。

这一句的骨干为“he ordered... asked ....”,“Declaring that...作状”语。

句意：他宣布自己反对使用这种非同平常的蓄牧生殖技术来克隆人类，并命令严禁联邦政府基金用于做此类试验——尽管还没有人建议这么做——他还请一个普林斯顿大学校长Harold Shapiro 为首的独立专家组在90 天内向白宫报告关于拟定有关克隆人的国家政策的建议。

(完整版)英语长难句结构分析(含2019年高考全国1-3卷试题长难句)

英语长难句结构分析(含2019年高考全国1-3卷长难句)英语中句子最基本的句式只有五种，其他各种句式都是由这五种基本句式转换而来。

但是在真实的语言环境中，句子结构远非这么简单。

复杂主语、复杂宾语、复杂介词短语，还有各种复杂的定语和状语等修饰成分让句子变得异常复杂。

高考阅读理解、完型填空和语法填空经常出现结构复杂的长难句，影响考生对语篇文段的理解。

另外，新高考将包括两个写作题：读后续写(概要写作)和应用文写作。

在评分标准中把“尽力使用较复杂语法结构”视为是否得高分的标准之一。

因此，学会分析长难句显得格外重要。

下面分类解析：1、复杂主语包括下列情形：含有连词如and, both...and..., either...or..., neither...nor..., not only...but (also), as well as；非谓语动词做主语；主语从句充当主语；同位语结构做主语等。

如：Those who were highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school,are “most likely to engage (从事) in dangerous and risky behavior.”(2019高考全国Ⅰ卷阅读理解D) (as well as 连接those who...与those least liked ...做主语)The gunners like to describe what they do as character-building, but we know that to wound an animal and watch it go through the agony(痛苦) of dying can make nobody happy. (动词不定式to do结构做主语)Connecting to the community（社区）as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. (2019高考全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解B) (-ing形式做主语)Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can’t forget that deep relationships wouldn't even exist if it weren’t for casual conversation. (2018全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解D) (-ing形式做主语)What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes. (2019高考全国Ⅰ卷阅读理解B) (主语从句充当主语)Shackleton,a onetime British merchant-navy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908, started a business...(2016全国甲卷阅读理解D) (同位语结构做主语)2、主谓之间被介词短语、定语从句或非谓语动词分隔Mr. Robbins, together with his wife and children, is leaving London for Paris.Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, who lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the development of chopsticks.( 2016全国丙卷语法填空)Frank Hurley, a confident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic,was hired to make the images, most of which have never before been published.(2016全国新课标甲卷阅读理解D)According to the report's key findings, “the proportion(比例) who say they ‘never’ or ‘hardly ever’ read for fun has gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9 percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively today.”(2018全国卷Ⅱ阅读C)The woman sitting at the desk, seeing my madness,sympathetically jumped up. (2016全国甲卷完形填空)3、复杂表语包括非谓语动词、表语从句等。

高考英语长难句分析(四)长难句中的定语现象

高考英语长难句分析（四）长难句中的定语现象在分析高考英语阅读的长难句时，学生往往会被名词前后的修饰语所干扰，而不能快速识别句子主干，甚至会因修饰语而曲解句子的含义。

由此，我们今天一起看看高考英语长难句中的定语现象。

首先，定语是什么？英语中，定语是围绕在中心名词前后，用来描述说明这个中心名词细节情况的单词、短语或者从句等成分，定语使名词更加具体化。

其次，定语的位置在哪里？一般说来，单个单词做定语一般放在中心名词前，称为前置定语；短语和从句做定语一般放在中心名词后，称为后置定语。

在英语中名词的修饰语最常见的有：限定词、形容词或形容词短语、介词短语、动词不定式短语、现在分词、过去分词、定语从句等。

下面，以2019年高考真题阅读中的一些长难句为例，我们一起看看定语的具体表现形式。

例1 With shining dark eyes, he seems like the kind of kid who would enjoy public speaking.（2019课标全国卷1）主干识别：...he seems like the kind.定语现象：介词短语中名词eyes前含有现在分词shining和形容词dark 做前置定语；介词短语中名词kid之后含有 who 引导的限制性定语从句。

参考译文：他有着闪闪发亮的黑眼睛，看起来就像那种喜欢公开演讲的孩子。

例 2 Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience.（2019课标全国卷1）主干识别：Learning English can be a... experience.定语现象：介词短语中名词language前含有限定词a和数词second做前置定语；表语部分名词experience前有形容词painful做前置定语。

参考译文：把英语作为第二语言来学习可能是一种痛苦的经历。

高考长难句分析技巧及全国卷部分长难句译文

高考长难句分析技巧及2013-2018年全国卷部分长难句译文高考试卷中往往会出现对考生造成阅读困难的长句和难句，也包括既是长句同时又是难句的句子。

长难句一般含有各种复杂句型，复杂句型里可能有多个从句，从句与从句之间的关系可能包孕、嵌套，也可能并列、平行。

准确理解长难句是考生应该掌握的一项阅读技能。

关于长难句的分析技巧可以参考如下几点：1 找谓语，定主语一般情况下，一个谓语动词对应其动作的发出者（主语），我们可以根据谓语动词的意义来确定其主语。

当然句子里也可能会有并列谓语，由and, but, or等连接。

2 提主干、去枝叶（从句等）我们知道，一个句子中的主句所表达的信息为主要信息，从句所表达的信息为次要信息。

若句子的主干提炼不出来，就不能完全把握句子的核心意义，从而导致思维混乱，主次不分。

3 寻关联、辨逻辑一些长句其实是由若干分句组成的并列句或复合句，而这些并列句或复合句之间需要一些关联词来连接。

如果我们找准这些关联词，就能够分辨出句与句之间的逻辑修或饰关系。

关联词包括并列连词如and, but,or, so等和从属连词。

从属连词数量繁多，用于引导定语从句的叫关系代词和关系副词，如who,whom,whose,that,which,when,where、why等；引导状语从句的连词有when,while, as, since, until, assoon as, because, if, unless, as/so long as, in case, as if, so…that, such…tha although/though, even if,wh-ever等；引导名词性从句的连词有that, what, how, whether,if, who, which, whose, when, where, why等。

4 看搭配、防分隔有时一个长句或难句是由一个或多个搭配构成，而且这些搭配中常常出现分隔现象，包括插入语或介词短语等。

英语长难句分析

11. In our new society there is a growing dislike of original, creative men. The manipulated do not understand them; the manipulators fear them. The tidy committee men regard them with horror, knowing that no pigeonholes can be found for them. 解读:主要考虑"tidy"的讽刺语气。翻译:在现代社会里，人们对开拓型的有创造力的人有一种与日俱增的厌恶情绪。受人摆布的人不理解他们，摆布别人的人害怕他们。衣冠楚楚的委员们知道不可能使他们就范，因此怀着恐惧的心理看待他们。

3. Such inns as there were dirty and flea-ridden; the food simply local cheese accompanied by bread often twelve months old, all washed down with coarse wine. 解读:第二个分句中,simply是副词，意为“食物只有.......”，而accompanied含被动意思，说明人们把陈面包和乳酪搭配着吃，并不是乳酪自己同面包相配。第二句作者把谓语省略了。翻译：那里的小旅店通常又肮脏，跳蚤又多．吃的食物仅仅是当地产的乳酪加上存放了一年之久的面包，大家只能就着下等酒把它们吞下去．

7.On the village green, where you pick up sides and no feeling of local patriotism is involved, it is possible to play simply for the fun and exercise. 解读：local patriotism是热爱本乡本土之心，注意不要理解成地方主义（localism）翻译：当你在乡村的草坪上比赛时，随意分为两边，并不存在热不热爱本地区的问题，只有这个时候才有可能为了娱乐和锻炼而进行比赛。

高考英语阅读长难句分析方法与实例

高考英语阅读长难句分析方法与实例一、长句难句是如何产生的1、分支多，短语多英语句子主干是构成五种基本句型的基础：这五种结构之所以为基本结构，因为这五种结构是构成英语语句子的主干，英语长句都是通过这五种基本结构演变而来的，掌握句子五种基本结构是分析和理解英语句子的基础。

英语句子的特点是除了词可以做句子成分外，短语和句子都可以做句子成分。

就算是一个单句，如果都是以短语为句子成分，再加上句子如果分支较多的话，也可以构成比较复杂的句子。

2、分句多，从句多英语复合句可分为并列复合句与从属复合句。

并列复合句是在结构和意思上都可以相互独立的两个或多个单句构成的复合句；从属复合句是一个句子做另外一个句子的句子成分，两个句子不可以相互独立成为句子，如果两个句子拆分会导致句子意思不完整，或句子成分残缺。

在英语复合句中特别是从属复合句，从句中还可以有从句或其它并列句，有些复合既有并列句，又有从属句。

复合句也是构成英语长句难句的重要原因。

二、长句难句的分析方法长句难句的分析方法可以概括为：先主句再从句，先主干再分支。

先主句再从句就是对有从句的长句难句，先不看从句，先找出句子的主句并分析主句的句子主干，再分析从句；先主干再分枝就是先分析主句与从句的句子主干，再分析句子的分枝，句子的分支主要是指定语和状语。

三、长句难句分析实例实例1：Shackleton, a onetime British merchant-navy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908, started a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography.本句是含有定语从句的复合句，根据先主句再从句的分析方法，我们先去掉从句（who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908），把句子简化为：Shackleton, a onetime British merchant-navy officer started a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography.再根据先主干再分支，把句子分支(主语同位语a onetime British merchant-navy officer，时间状语before his 1914 voyage，目的状语to make money from movie and still photography)都去掉，进一步简化为：Shackleton started a business.那么这个句子的几层意思就很明确了①Shackleton何许人，a onetime British merchant-navy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908②做了什么事，Shackleton started a business③什么时间做的，其目的为何 before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography实例2：These local citizens now have to balance their traditional self-supporting hunting lifestyle with the lifestyle offered by the modern French Republic, which brings with it not only necessary state welfare, but also alcoholism, betrayal and even suicide.本句也是含有定语从句的复合句，根据先主句再从句的分析方法，先去掉从句（which brings with it not only necessary state welfare, but also alcoholism, betrayal and even suicide.），再根据先主干再分支，把句子分支（offered by the modern French Republic过去分短语做定语）去掉简化为：These local citizens now have to balance their traditional self-supporting hunting lifestyle with the lifestyle.那么这个句子表达了两层意思：①当地市民得在传统自给自足的狩猎生活与现在生活方式之间找平衡。

高考英语长难句分析(含练习及答案)

长难句分析长难句分析“两步法”[Step1:预处理]①找出谓语动词并用下划线标注；谓语动词即所有的非谓语动词，包括主句的谓语和从句的谓语②给“三长”加括号，“三长”包括从句，介词短语，非谓语动词；三大从句：名词性从句：、、、形容词性从句：副词性从句：注意：一旦出现下一修饰成分，就把上一修饰成分结束掉，不管上一修饰成分是否以及结束③给“并列词”加方框，给“并列项”加三角；并列词：and、or、but、as well as并列项：A和B例如：A...and B...注意：因为修饰成分往往出现在被修饰成分的后面，找并列项时先找B后找A，B往往是并列词的右边最近的单词；再通过B去寻找A，因为A和B往往满足“结构相似、含义相近”，通俗来讲就是A和B往往很像[Step2:做直译]对每个括号进行翻译注意：每个括号里的第一个单词都像是一个“挂钩”，可以利用每个挂钩提问和回答问题，将一个个括号连接起来[Step3:调语序]如果没有英翻汉的题型可以不去做这一步长难句分析练习1.First put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Format in the seventeenth century,the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds,including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem,and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Ecole Polytechnique（巴黎综合理工学院）.成分简析：2.It is difficult to measure the quantity of paper used as a result of use Internet-connected computers,although just about anyone who works in an office can tell you that when e-mail is introduced,the printers start working overtime.That is,the growing demand for paper in recent years is largely due to the increased use of the Internet.成分简析：3.Perhaps the best sign of how computer and Internet use pushes up demand for paper comes from the high-tech industry itself,which sees printing as one of its most promising new market.成分简析：4.The action group has also found acceptable paper made from materials other than wood, such as agricultural waste.成分简析：5.Mostly borrowed from English and Chinese,these terms（术语）are often changed into forms no longer understood by native speakers.成分简析：6.Tales from Animal Hospital will delight all fans of the programme and anyone who has a lively interest in their pet,whether it be a cat,dog or snake!成分简析：7.Newton is shown as a gifted scientist with very human weaknesses who stood at the point in history where magic ended and science began.成分简析：8.But for all the texts that are written,stored and sent electronically,a lot of them are still ending up on paper.成分简析：9.With their shining brown eyes,wagging tails,and unconditional love,dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence,according to Intermountain Therapy Animals(ITA)（盆地治疗动物组织）in Salt Lake City.成分简析：10.Discovered by the Portuguese admiral of the same name in1506,and settled in1810, the island belongs to Great Britain and has a population of a few hundred.成分简析：11.They had no connection with the outside world for more than a thousand years,giving them plenty of time to build more than1000huge stone figures,called moat,for which the island is most famous.成分简析：12.Whereas（鉴于）a women’s closet female friend might be the first to tell her to leave a failing marriage,it wasn’t unusual to hear a man say he didn’t know his friend’s marriage was in serious trouble until he appeared one night asking if he could sleep on the sofa.成分简析：13.We even have different word for some foods,meat in particular,depending on whether it is still out in the fields or at home ready to be cooked,which shows the fact that the Saxon peasants were doing the farming.while the upper-class Normans were doing most of the eating.成分简析：14.When Americans visit Europe for the first time,they usually find Germany more “Foreign”than France because the German they see on signs and ads seems much more different from English than French does.成分简析：15.The major market force rests in the growing population of white-collar employees,who can afford the new service,in other words,Shanghai’s car rental industry is growing so fast mainly due to the increasing number of white-collar employees.成分简析：16.The hot sun had caused the dough to double size and the fermenting yeast（发酵型酵母）made the surface shake and sigh as though it were breathing and it looked like some unknown being from outer space.成分简析：17.After all,what lively children wouldn’t settle for spending only half the day doing ordinary school work,and acting,singing or dancing their way through the other half of the day?成分简析：18.So when Ed arrived for our game not only with the bottom of his shirt gathered inside his trousers but also with a stomach you could hardly notice,I was so surprised that I was speechless,my cousin must have made an effort to get himself into shape.成分简析：19.Thirty years after being introduced to McCauley’s words,they still seem to me the best yardstick（准绳）,because they give us a way to measure ourselves rather than others.成分简析：20.But when John and his fellow soldier came in sight some of the people watching couldn’t help laughing at the one who couldn’t keep pace with the others as they march along.成分简析：长难句分析答案First(put forward)(by the French mathematician Pierre de Format)(in the seventeenth century),the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds,(including a French woman scientist)(who made a major advance)(in working out the problem),and (who had to dress)(like a man)(in order)(to be able)(to study)(at the Ecole Polytechnique).It is difficult(to measure the quantity)(of paper)(used)(as a result)(of use Internet-connected computers),although just about anyone(who works)(in an office)can tell you(that)(when e-mail is introduced),the printers start working overtime.That is,the growing demand(for paper)(in recent years)is largely due(to the increased use)(of the Internet).Perhaps the best sign(of)(how computer and Internet use pushes up demand)(for paper) comes(from the high-tech industry itself),(which sees printing)(as one)(of its most promising new market).The action group has also found acceptable paper(made)(from materials other)(than wood),such(as agricultural waste).Mostly(borrowed)(from English and Chinese),these terms are often changed(into forms) no longer(understood)(by native speakers).Tales(from Animal Hospital)will delight all fans(of the programme)and anyone(who has a lively interest)(in their pet),(whether it be a cat,dog or snake)!Newton is shown(as a gifted scientist)(with very human weaknesses)(who stood)(at the point)(in history)(where magic ended and science began).But(for all the texts)(that are written,stored and sent electronically),a lot of them are still ending up(on paper).(With their shining brown eyes,wagging tails,and unconditional love),dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners(needed)(for a beginning reader)(to gain confidence),(according to Intermountain Therapy Animals(ITA))(in Salt Lake City).(Discovered)(by the Portuguese admiral)(of the same name)(in1506),and(settled in 1810),the island belongs(to Great Britain)and has a population(of a few hundred).They had no connection with the outside world(for more)(than a thousand years),(giving them plenty)(of time)(to build more)(than1000huge stone figures),(called moat,)(for which the island is most famous).Whereas（鉴于）a women’s closet female friend might be the first(to tell her)(to leave a failing marriage),it wasn’t unusual(to hear)(a man say)(he didn’t know)(his friend’s marriage was)(in serious trouble)until he appeared one night(asking)(if he could sleep) (on the sofa).We even have different word(for some foods,meat)(in particular),(depending)(on) (whether it is still out)(in the fields)or(at home)ready(to be cooked),(which shows the fact)(that the Saxon peasants were doing the farming).while the upper-class Normans were doing most(of the eating).(When Americans visit Europe)(for the first time),they usually find Germany more “Foreign”(than France)(because the German)(they see)(on signs and ads)seems much more different(from English)(than French does).The major market force rests(in the growing population)(of white-collar employees),(who can afford the new service),in other words,Shanghai’s car rental industry is growing so fast mainly due(to the increasing number)(of white-collar employees).The hot sun had caused the dough(to double size)and the fermenting yeast made the surface(shake)and(sigh)(as though it were breathing and it looked like some unknown being)(from outer space).After all,what lively children wouldn’t settle(for)(spending only half the day)(doing ordinary school work),and(acting,singing or dancing)their way(through the other half) (of the day)?So(when Ed arrived)(for our game)not only(with the bottom)(of his shirt)(gatheredinside his trousers)but also(with a stomach)(you could hardly notice),I was so surprised (that I was speechless),(my cousin must have made an effort)(to get himself)(into shape).Thirty years(after)(being introduced)(to McCauley’s words),they still seem(to me)the best yardstick,(because they give us a way)(to measure ourselves)rather(than others).But(when John and his fellow soldier came)(in sight)some of the people(watching) couldn’t help(laughing)(at the one)(who couldn’t keep pace)(with the others)(as they march along).。

2019高考长难句分析课件

studies show unpleasant consequences. Those who were highest in
status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary
school, are “most likely to engage (从事) in dangerous and risky
句子翻译：在一项研究中，普林斯坦博士对235名青少年进行了两种受欢迎度的调查，并基于对学生的调查研究，给最不受欢迎、最受欢迎以及地位最高的学生打了分数。
Para. 4
注：so意为“同样”、“也”，接在肯定句后面，引起部分倒装。其结构为“so + 助动词 / 情态动词 / be动词 + 主语”。
2019高考长难句分析
D篇长难句一览
D篇长难句一览
如何精深长难句？
英语句子基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。 Step 1: 掌握五种基本句型，七种句子成分主谓宾定状补表。 Step 2: 判断简单句、并列句、并列复合句还是主从复合句。 Step 3: 确定谓语，找出主语，确定句子主干，去除枝叶 (从句、状语和定语等简化)。 Step 4: 提取主干、去除附属成分之后，找关联词、辨逻辑 (并列连词和从属连词)。 Step 5: 分清主句和从句后，再分别弄清主句和从句的附属成分。 Step 6: 翻译长句子，拆分和重组，英语善用长句子，汉语则善用短句，层次分明。
。其余的都是修饰成分。The likables’ plays-well-with-others修饰qualities，作定语。
2. 提取主干之后，找关联词、辨逻辑，关联词为when，在句中引导时间状语从句，谓语为 (are) tapped，主语为 qualities，状语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，因此，从句的主语和be动词一起省略。

高考英语长难句解析

高考英语长难句解析高考英语长难句解析(标签：高考英语成老师家教分类：高考专线高考长难句教育高考英语阅读文章中往往会有一些长难句，这些长难句常常是考题所要考查的对象，也是考生理解文章的一大障碍。

针对长难句，要学会利用语法知识中的句法知识来理解，先判断句子的主干部分，而对于句子的修饰、补充成分，可以先忽略不看。

在理解了句子的主干意思后，再来理解修饰、补充成分。

同时，句子中的标点符号也是一个很重要的判断依据，要充分利用标点符合，帮助我们判断句子的主干和修饰成分。

根据长难句的结构，我们可以把长难句分为：环环相扣式、并列式、插入语式和改变语序式。

一、环环相扣式这类句子往往有多重句子修饰成分，这些修饰成分往往用非谓语动词或从句充当。

在阅读过程中，对于这类句式应当先找到句子的主干，然后再看修饰成分。

例1：A mere hundred species (物种) are the basis of our food supply，of which but twenty carry the load.Wilson suggests changing this situation by looking into ten thousand species that could be made use of，which will be a way to reduce the clearingof the natural homes of plants and animals to enlarge farming areas.(2008全国卷一E篇)译文：只有约100种物种为我们提供食物基础，其中只有20种承担着供应人类食物的重担。

Wilson建议通过调查研究一万种可以被利用的物种来改变这种现状，这样做可以减少人类为了增加耕种面积而开垦动植物的自然家园的做法。

解析：第二句是一个含有多层结构的句子。

第一层结构：Wilson suggests changing ...by looking ...。

2019年全国高考英语长难句解析材料.doc

牛顿被证明是一位很有才华的科学家，他处于一个魔术终结科学开启的历史时期，
as one of its most promising new market.
（ NMET2003.E篇）
或许，表明电脑及因特网使用促进人们对于纸张的需求的最好迹象源于高科技产业本身，印刷业被认为是高科技产业极有前景的新市场之一。
简析：夹杂较复杂的句型结构，关键词 promising 有前途的。
years is largely due to the increased use of the Internet.
（NMET2003.E
篇）
由于因特网的使用，计算所使用的纸张的数量是很难的，然而几乎任何在办公室工作的人能告诉你，当引进电子邮件后，打印机就开始超时工作。也就是说近年来人们对于纸张的日益需求主要是由于因特网越来越多的使用。
全国高考英语中出现过的 100 个长难句精选（一）
(2009-07-14 01:25:08) 转载标签：分类：学习
给学生的
杂谈
1.First put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Format in the
seventeenth century, the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest
mathematical minds, including a French woman scientist who made a major
advance in working out the problem, and who had to dress like a man in
order to be able to study at the Ecolab polytechnique.

高考英语阅读理解长难句解析整理版

高考英语阅读理解长难句解析第一部分：高中英语长难句解析在阅读中，我们经常会遇到一些长而难的句子。

长难句通常含有较多、较长的修饰成分、并列成分或从句。

长难句的丰富内容和复杂结构往往会导致理解的困难。

理解长难句的关键是了解长难句的类型，理清句子成分，抓住句子中的关键部分。

纵观历年高考英语试题，可以发现阅读文章中出现了许多结构复杂的句子。

下面我们来了解长难句最常见的形式。

一、复合从句这些句子往往较长，一个从句套着另一个从句，环环相扣，使得考生搞不清楚整个句子结构。

其实，不管句子有多长有多复杂，它只由两部分构成，即主干和修饰成分。

主干是整个句子的骨架，主要指主谓宾结构(如: I want a ticket.)或主系表结构(如:The man is a teacher.)。

而修饰成分在句中只起修饰或补充主干的作用，它既可以是单词，也可以是短语，更常见的则是从句，尤其是定语从句和状语从句。

这些从句都很常见，考生比较熟悉，但很多时候不少考生分不清单词、短语和从句之间的相互关系，这样会导致整个句子分析混乱。

这时，考生应通过仔细分析，将每个修饰成分划出来，找出句子的主干，这样整个句子结构就清晰了。

二、分隔结构为了调整语气和增加补充信息，更主要的是为了平衡句子结构，避免头重脚轻，使语义严密，结构紧凑，可将语法关系密切的两个句子成分用其他语法成分分隔开来，这就是所谓的分隔结构。

考试中出现较多的是插入语、用破折号插入的新话题或补充信息。

此外，还有一些句子成分（一般是定语）过长而出现后置，也可以看作是插入现象，只不过它只是句子原有成分位置的调整，没有新增信息。

三、成分省略在英语句子中，节约用词是一条重要的修辞原则。

省略主要是为了避免重复，突出关键词并使上下文紧密连接。

成分省略一般和从句相结合，一正一反，使句子富于变化，增强表现力。