第四五章 翻译技巧与实践

关于利润分配问题，我就说这些。 （练习） On profit distribution, that’s all I have got to say.

创新工作（练习） Innovation work innovation



汉译英基本原则

合并原则

//主干原则
并列关系；目的关系；因果关系；转折关系；总分关系
中国人动不动就说：我们地大物博。那也就是说，我 们不用着急呀，我们有的是东西，永远吃不完喝不尽 哪！哼，请看看你们的狗吧！ ---老舍《狗》

We are apt to declare that ours is a big country with rich natural resources, which means that there is no need for us to worry because we have plenty of everything to last us forever and ever. Well, why not take a look at our dogs!


Shu Sheyu, styled Laoshe, is a 40 year old, born in Beijing, beardless and pale.

Shu Sheyu, styled Laoshe, is a pale and beardless 40 year old, born in Bejing.
"You

布什酷爱发动战争。 "I'm the commander -- see, I don't need to explain -- I do 林肯坚信人民的力量。 not need to explain why I say things. That's the interesting thing about being president.” 克林顿谎话连篇。

这个时代已经来临。这个需要我们重塑悠久的 民族精神，需要我们选择更明智的历史轨迹， 需要我们发扬代代相传的珍贵价值理念的时代 已经来临。
E—C并列结构；排比结构

演说词—多译动词；四字词和押韵词

The fate of our unborn millions will depend, under God, on the courage and conduct of our army. 我们千千万万子孙后代的命运，以上帝的名义，依 赖于我们战士的勇猛无畏，浴血奋战。 United, there is nothing we can not do; divided, there is nothing we can do. 团结一心，我们无所不能；分裂瓦解，我们一事无 成。


Lincoln is a lot of time talking about people. we should. "We spent a firm believer in the Africa, as Africa is a nation that suffers from incredible disease." Clinton is a good liar.

我所能奉献的只有满腔热血， 奋力厮杀，泪洒疆场，汗渍战 袍。

Do you think, because I am poor, obscure, plain and little, I am soulless and heartless? (“Jane Eyre”)
Sir Winston Churchill
know, one of the hardest parts of my job is to connect Iraq to the war on terror."
E—省略；C—重复
History
makes men wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtle; natural philosophy deep, moral grave.
E—静态；
C— 动态 Of the people, by the people and for the people —Abraham Lincoln 民有；民治；民享
Are
you with me? 你支持我吗？
We
should accept finite disappointment, but never lose infinite hope. --Martin Luther King 我们要接受失望，因为失望是有限的；我们 不会失去希望，因为希望是无限的。

No, not I, said the other, because I have laid
my hand to the plough.

不，我绝不回去，我已经手拿犁耙，不能回身 瞧后头?
Conciseness
Brevity
is the soul of wit. (Shakespeare)
station traffic
历史使人明智；诗歌使人灵秀；数学
使人缜密；科学使人深刻；伦理学使 人庄重。
E—省略；C—重复

On this day, we gather because we have chosen hope over fear, unity of purpose over conflict and discord.
Background



Phoenix—Can John McCain keep rising？ Socrates Dragon—dragon lady If you get a good wife, you will be An apple of discord (争端的根源，祸根） your will happy; if you get a bad wife, be philosopher. ―He is still out there,abut I would hold the sponge for him in church. (J. Galsworthy, A Modern Comedy)
C—E省略臃肿空洞拖沓的词汇 省略原则
他是在我不知道的情况下拿走
它的。 He took it away without my knowledge.
在工作中，大家都必须杜绝浪
费现象。 We must put an end to waste in
本公司生产的地毯美丽大方，光彩夺目，富 丽堂皇。 The carpet made in our company are beautiful and magnificent.

―别了，勇气！绣了吧，宝剑！静下来，战鼓！ 因为你们的主人恋爱了。”

lie with her and she with me, And in our faults by lies we flatter's be.
Therefore I

----By Shakespeare
译文一 因此我既欺骗她，她也欺骗我。 咱俩的爱情就在欺骗中作乐。 译文二 因此我既在玩她，她也在玩我。 咱俩的爱情就在玩弄中作乐。
你如果只看到黑暗，是因为缺少一双看到
光明的眼睛。
动静态转译练习
"I
Dumb
Quotes by Junior Bush
promise you I will listen to what has been said here, even though I a war lover. Bush is wasn't here."
Water-pipe

水管爆裂，淹了车站，阻塞了交通。
Burst
waterpipe flooded the station, paralyzing traffic. good translation should be accurate and economical.
A
Decency


他还在国外呢，但是我可以在教堂里替他拿海绵。

他还在国外呢，但是我可以在教堂里代他拿海绵， 给孩子们洗礼。
Background

No. I am upon my life, and the Avenger of Blood is behind me.

不， 杀人不见血的复仇者就在我们的后面，我 保全性命要紧?
C--E合并原则（练习）


中国鼓励创新，加快工业化，商业化和国 际化的进程。 China will encourage innovation to accelerate the progress of industrialization, commercialization and globalization.
worry—担心，忧虑；

misgiving忧心忡忡，诚惶诚恐。 读书足以怡情，足以博彩，足以长才。
Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability.


I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tear and sweat
在这一天，我们聚集于此，因为我们选择 了希望而不是恐惧，我们选择了团结而不 是冲突和不和。

E—省略；C—重复

The time has come to reaffirm our enduring spirit; to choose our better history; to carry forward that precious gift, that noble idea, passed on from generation to generation:
第四章 翻译技巧与实践
--徐前

翻译基本原则（E—C） Accuracy ―Did you say pig or fig?‖ asked the cat.
―I said pig.‖

你说的是猪还是鼠？猫问到。 我说的是猪。

Adieu, valeur! Rust, rapiere! Be still, drum! For your manager is in love. —”Love’s Labour’s Lost”

Expressiveness

C-- E 合; E—C 分
舒舍予，字老舍，今年四十，面黄无须，生于北平。 Shu Sheyu is also named Laoshe. He is 40 years old. His face is yellow/pale. He has no beard. He was born in Beiping.

So it has been. So it must be with this generation of Americans.

一直都如此，这代美国人民必定仍需如此。
练习ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
There’s
nothing like darkness in this world, 。 only failure to see. 没有什么像黑暗在这个世界上，只是失败的 看见。 在这个世界上没有黑暗，只是缺乏看见。 在这个世界上没有黑暗，只是缺乏看见光明 的眼睛。


A politician; historian; writer; artist The only UK prime minister winning Nobel Prize The only Briton awarded “Honorary Citizen of the United States”
Expression—动态和静态

And will to the best 我将竭尽所能。。。
of my ability,
We the People have remained faithful to the ideals of our forbearers, and true to our founding documents. —Barack Obama 美国人民一直以来都忠诚于先辈的理想，坚信于 建国之初的宪法。