文献阅读与翻译 第一章译文参考

U1 General Description

II. Translation

1. Put the following sentences into Chinese, using either literal or free translation. 1) It was the best of times, it was the worst of times; it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness; it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity; it

was the season of the Light, it was the season of Darkness; it was the spring of Hope,

it was the winter of Despair; we had everything before us, we had nothing before us; we were all going to Heaven, we were all going direct the other way.

这是最美好的时期，这是最坏的时期，这是智慧的年代，这是愚蠢的年代，这

是从满信仰的时代，这是顾虑重重的时代，这是光明的季节，这是黑暗的季节，这是富有希望的春天，这是充满绝望的寒冬；我们拥有一切，我们一无所有；

我们正笔直走向天堂，我们正笔直走向地狱。

2) A greeting card can warm a heart, hold a hand, lend an ear, pat a back, light up a face, tickle a funny bone, dry an eye, surprise a child, woo a sweetheart, toast a bride, welcome a stranger, wave a good-bye, shout a bravo, blow a kiss, mend a quarrel, ease a pain, boost a morale, stop a worry and start a tradition.

一张小小贺卡可以温暖一颗心，握紧一双手，倾听肺腑言，轻拍友人背；它另

人喜洋洋，撩得心痒痒，抹去泪汪汪；它给孩子以惊喜，给恋人以温纯，给新

娘以祝福，给路人以欢迎；它可用以挥手道别，高声喝彩，遥寄飞吻，也可用

以弥补嫌隙，减轻痛苦，提高士气，解除忧虑，开创一种新风尚。

2. Put the following passage into Chinese.

As an important means for preserving knowledge, various literatures have become precious resources or treasures for the mankind, which have greatly contributed to the social progress of the human race.

Professional literatures have been regarded as “intangible assets” of the whole world because they are, on the one hand, the summary, generalization, and development of the achievements obtained on the basis of previous experiences or studies; and on the other hand, they have been accumulated and handed down from generation to generation. In this sense, therefore, all kinds of literature are records of precious research findings and academic achievements, and the crystallization of human civilization.

作为一种重要的知识储备手段，各类文献已成为宝贵的资源宝藏，大大促进了

人类社会的进步。

专业文献一向被认为是全世界的“无形财产”。因为一方面它们是对前人的经验

或研究成果的总结，概括和发现；另一方面，又是人类长期积累、世代相传的

遗产。因此，从这种意义上讲，一切文献都是前人的研究发现和学术成就的宝

贵记载，是人类文化的结晶。

3. Put the following passage into English.

翻泽的意义是将词句从一种语言转换成另一种语言。简单地讲，它是用与原作

不同的语言将作者的真正意思准确地复述出来的一种艺术。从以上翻译的定义

来看，我们知道词句的原意必须尽可能保持准确，不可有所增删。翻译者的任

务只是变换词汇而不是改变其意思。因此，翻译有两种要素：准确性与表达性。

准确性是翻译的首要条件。译者必须谨慎地遵循原作者的意思。字词的选择与

句式结构必须如实传达原作的思想。表达性是使译文易于理解。换言之，译者

必须用自己的文字尽可能将原作思想清楚而有力地表达出来。准确性是使译文

的意义确切无误，而表达性则是使译文生动，引人入胜。

Translation means the conversion of an expression into another language. To say plainly it is an art to reproduce the exact idea of the author by means of a language different from the original. From the above definition of translation we know that the original thought of the expression must be kept as exactly as possible. Nothing should be added to or taken away from the original work. The duty of the translator is simply to change the vocabulary not the thought. In translation therefore, there are two essential elements: accuracy and expressiveness.

Accuracy is the first requisite of translation. The translator must stick to the a uthor’s idea. Words selected and sentences constructed must be of such nature as will convey the exact original thought. Expressiveness is to make the translation readily understood. In other words, the translator must express his author’s idea as clearly and as forcibly as he can by the medium he employs. Accuracy is to make the thought definite and exact; while expressiveness is to make the translation vivid and attractive.