初中英语语法知识—非谓语动词的全集汇编及解析(3)

合集下载

初中英语语法非谓语动词

常表示事物的性质，如important, possible, impossible, difficult, hard等。比较
It is good of you to help me with my English. 你真好，帮助我学英语。 (强调you的特征=You are good to help me.) It is good for you to give up smoking. 戒烟对你有好处。 (强调的是give up smoking这一行为= For you to give up smoking is good.)
F、作定语（必须后置）
I have something to say . It’s the best way to help him .
1、had better 后 2、使让动词 make , let , have 用于主动语态时。 3、感官动词see, hear , watch , feel , notice 用在 “经常”的主动语态时。
Looking at a crowded street Listening to my own heart beat So many people all around the world Tell me where do I find someone like you girl Take me to your heart take me to your soul Give me your hand before I’m old Show me what love is - haven’t got a clue Show me that wonders can be true They say nothing lasts forever We’re only here today Love is now or never Bring me far away Take me to your heart take me to your soul Give me your hand and hold me Show me what love is - be my guiding star It’s easy take me to your heart Standing on a mountain high Looking at the moon through a clear blue sky I should go and see some friends But they don’t really comprehend Don’t need too much talking without saying anything All I need is someone who makes me wanna sing

完整版)非谓语动词归纳总结

完整版)非谓语动词归纳总结非谓语动词归纳总结非谓语动词分为不定式、动名词和分词三种形式。

不定式包括基本形式和完成式，表示将来或发生在谓语动词之前的动作。

动名词和分词则分别表示主动和被动，动名词可用作名词，分词则可用作形容词或副词。

在句子中，非谓语动词常用于表目的、条件和原因等情况下。

例如，“To do”可表示为了某个目的，常带宾语；“Doing/Having done”则表示当某种情况发生时，常带宾语；而“XXX”则表示某种情况已经发生，不带宾语。

需要注意的是，有些情况下使用动词原形，如祈使句中，“Do”后面常用动词原形；而动名词则可作为主语出现，“Doing/Being done”后面可接谓语动词。

例如，仔细看，你就能发现这两张图片的不同之处。

1.Anyone who was seen carrying bags。

boxes。

or cases was XXX(作定语)2.Steam being produced XXX(作主语补足语)3.We decided to stay at home upon seeing the roads covered with snow and ice。

(作宾语补足语)4.The building that will be completed next month will be used as a XXX(作定语)5.The problem being discussed now is not the one that was XXX(作定语)6.XXX(作宾语补足语)7.XXX the air quality in Beijing。

(作目的状语)8.Don't keep the water running when you XXX(作宾语补足语)固定搭配：1.跟不定式作宾语的动词：Aim。

appear。

agree。

arrange。

decide。

choose。

初中英语：“非谓语动词”知识点全总结

初中英语：“非谓语动词”知识点全总结成才路上特级教师与奥数国家一级教练联手执教。

01非谓语动词的概念在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫作非谓语动词。

02非谓语动词的使用条件一个句子中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词），又没有连词的情况下，若还有其他动词出现，该动词则充当了非谓语动词。

如：He teaches us to dance on weekends.（teaches主语后，作谓语词；to dance不定式作宾补）03非谓语动词的形式非谓语动词包含四种形式，即不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。

具体形式如下：1. 不定式：to do（表示主动，并且一般表示将来）例如：The teacher told us to do morning exercises .老师让我们做早操。

2. 动名词：doing （表示主动）例如：Travelling in space by ordinary people will be common in the future.在未来，普通人在太空旅行将会是普遍的事情。

3. 现在分词：doing （表示主动和进行）例如：He sat there，reading a newspaper.他坐在那里，读着一张报纸。

4. 过去分词：done及物动词的过去分词表示被动或完成；不及物动词的过去分词表示主动或完成。

polluted river 被污染的河流（及物动词pollute和river之间是被动关系，即“河流被污染”）fallen leaves 落叶（不及物动词fall和leaves之间是主动关系，即“叶子落下来”）注意：非谓语动词本身不能表示现在和过去。

非谓语动词表示进行和将来是相对于谓语动作来说的：和谓语动作同时发生表示进行；发生在谓语动作之后表示将来04非谓语动词的作用非谓语动词除去不能做谓语之外，其它所有成分都可以做。

具体如下。

动词不定式一、特点：1. 没有人称和数的变化2. 可以有自己的宾语和状语3. 有时态和语态的变化（被动语态形式为to be+动词的过去分词）二、句法作用：做主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补语。

新初中英语语法知识—非谓语动词的全集汇编及解析

一、选择题1．Will you please________them________the Birdwatching Society?A．inviting; join B．to invite; to join C．invite; to join D．to invite; join 2．Our parents won't allow us _____ in the river alone.A．swimB．to swimC．swimmingD．swam3．Look! There is a little cat ________ here and there on the floor.A．running B．run C．runs4．— Mr. Wang, I have trouble __________ the text.— Remember __________ it three times at least.A．to understand；readingB．understanding；to readC．understanding；readingD．to understand；to read5．—What do you think is the most important rule for a drive?—He or she must avoid_______ after drinking.A．driving B．no driving C．not to drive D．to drive 6．（2016天津中考）I wanted to see the Beijing Opera, so Lingling offered me to watch an opera.A．took B．takes C．to take D．taking7．My sister takes a great interest _______ stamps.A．to collecting B．in collecting C．to collect D．collecting8．________TV too much is bad for your eyes.A．Watching B．Watch C．Watches D．Watched9．The opera is very difficult. I hope ________ more next time.A．understand B．understanding C．to understand D．understood10．I saw a little boy ________on the road.A．lie B．lying C．lied11．—What about_____________?—That’s a good idea,A．go shopping B．going shop C．going shopping D．go to shop 12．—Why are you so excited today?—We were told ____ a picnic this weekend.A．have B．to haveC．having D．had13．—I didn't hear you come in just now.—That's good. We tried________any noise, for you were sleeping.A．not make B．not to make C．to make D．making14．After long years of war, many people in Syria are homeless. I think it important a peaceful world.A．build B．not build C．to build D．not to build 15．—When can you finish ________ that book?—This afternoon. Then you can read it. It’s really interesting.A．read B．to read C．reading16．— Have you considered ________Robert some help?— Yeah. I have already promised to lend him some money.A．give B．to give C．giving D．to giving17．The boy didn’t get an education so he has problems________ a job.A．to find B．finding C．find D．found18．—I saw Lucy go to Miss Zhang’s home just now.—Yes, she is often seen Miss Zhang with her housework.A．to help B．helps C．helping19．Sandy likes ________ TV. She ________ TV every day.A．watching; watching B．watch; watchesC．to watch; is watching D．watching; watches20．Thank you for________ me a nice gift.A．send B．sending C．sends D．to send 21．—It’s so hot here . Do you mind _____the window ?.—_____. I will do it right now .A．to close ; Yes B．to open ; NoC．opening ; Of course not D．closing ; I hope so22．—It’s too hot today. I decided working and have a drink.A．stop B．stopping C．to stop23．Mrs Smith encourages her daughter ________clothes by herself.A．wash B．washing C．to wash24．Class Four plans________ a meeting about the school art festival tomorrow.A．have B．to have C．has D．are having 25．Which of the following is right?A．He is used to live there.B．My main job is spreading the message about protecting the environment.C．I have borrowed the book from the library for two weeks.D．Kids under 18 are not allowed to drive.26．The menu has so many good things! I can’t decide ____.A．what to eat B．how to eatC．where to eat D．when to eat27．Thanks for ________ me with my English.A．helping B．to help C．your help 28．(2016·老河口期考)—What did the guard say to you just now?—He warned us_______any farther. There's danger ahead.A．didn't walk B．not to walk C．walk D．to walk【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除一、选择题1．C解析：C【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：你能邀请他们加入观鸟协会吗？考查非谓语动词。

（完整版）初中英语非谓语动词讲解

（完整版）初中英语⾮谓语动词讲解⾮谓语动词之“动词不定式”详解⾮谓语动词就是不充当谓语的动词，分两种。

⼀是动词不定式。

⼆是动词ing形式。

1）作主语To learn English well is not easy. 或It is not easy to learn English well.[说明]动词不定式作主语时，往往⽤it作形式主语，这种句型可归纳为下⾯的句型：e.g. It is + adj.+ 动词不定式如果要说明不定式表⽰的动作执⾏者，可以⽤for+sb.e.g. It is + adj.+ for sb.to do sth.2）作表语（表语⽤来说明主语的⾝份、性质、品性、特征和状态的，表语常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词的-ing形式、不定式、从句来充当，它常位于系动词（be, become, appear, seem, look, sound, feel, get, smell等词）之后。

）e.g. My wish is to become a teacher.3）作宾语或者宾语补⾜语e.g. Most of us like to watch football matches.e.g. He told me to be here on time.4）作定语：e.g. I have nothing to say about that thing.5）作状语：e.g. He stopped to have a look.[说明] 动词不定式的否定形式：not + to + 动词原形构成e.g. He asked me not to make such a mistake.2、动词不定式与疑问词连⽤：疑问词who, what, which和疑问副词when, where, how, why等后⾯可以按动词不定式，构成动词不定式短语。

e.g. (1) He doesn’t know how to use the machine.(2) How to use the machine is a question.(3) The question is when to go there.3、省去了to 的动词不定式1）let, have, make+do2）感官动词see, watch, look at, notice, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find +to。

非谓语动词知识点总结

非谓语动词知识点总结非谓语动词是英语语法中的一个重要知识点，它可以用来修饰主语或宾语，增强句子的表达力和信息量。

在本文中，我将详细介绍非谓语动词的用法和一些常见的形式。

希望通过本文的阅读，读者能够更好地理解和运用非谓语动词，提高自己的英语写作水平。

一、非谓语动词的定义和分类非谓语动词是指在句子中充当动词的成分，但不具备谓语的功能。

它不受主语的人称和数的限制，也不受时态的影响。

根据其形式和功能的不同，非谓语动词可以分为动名词、不定式和分词三种形式。

1. 动名词（Gerund）动名词是动词加上-ing形式构成的名词，常用作主语、宾语、表语、宾补等。

例如：- Smoking is harmful to health.（吸烟对健康有害）- I enjoy swimming in the sea.（我喜欢在海里游泳）- His hobby is playing basketball.（他的爱好是打篮球）2. 不定式（Infinitive）不定式是动词的原形加上to构成的形式，常用作动词、形容词或名词的补语。

例如：- He wants to buy a new car.（他想买一辆新车）- I have a lot of work to do.（我有很多工作要做）- The book is too heavy to carry.（这本书太重，无法携带）3. 分词（Participle）分词是动词的-ing形式（现在分词）或-ed、-en等形式（过去分词）构成的形容词，常用作定语、状语或补语。

例如：- The running water is very clear.（流动的水非常清澈）- The broken vase has been repaired.（打破的花瓶已经修好了）- We were surprised by the exciting news.（令人兴奋的消息让我们感到惊讶）二、非谓语动词的用法非谓语动词在句子中具有独立的语法功能，可以用来修饰名词、代词、动词、形容词和副词等，以及构成复合句的各种从句。

初中英语非谓语动词的用法总结

初中英语非谓语动词的用法总结非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要包括不定式、动名词和分词。

在初中英语中，非谓语动词的用法相对较为简单，但仍然需要掌握其基本用法和规则。

以下是对初中英语非谓语动词用法的总结：一、不定式（to do）1. 作主语：不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，避免句子头重脚轻。

如：To learn a foreign language is difficult.（= It is difficult to learn a foreign language.）2. 作宾语：不定式可以作动词、形容词、介词等的宾语。

如：I want to go home.（不定式作动词宾语）They are eager to go abroad.（不定式作形容词宾语）He is ready to help others.（不定式作介词宾语）3. 作定语：不定式可以修饰名词或代词，放在名词或代词后。

如：The boy to come is my brother.（不定式作后置定语，修饰the boy）4. 作状语：不定式可以作状语，表示目的、原因、结果等。

如：To help others is meaningful.（目的状语）They jumped for joy at the news.（原因状语）He went home only to find his house burglarized.（结果状语）5. 省略to的情况：在感官动词（see, watch, observe等）和使役动词（make, have, let等）后面作宾语补足语时，不定式符号to可以省略。

如：Let’s have him come to the party.（感官动词+不定式省略to）They had me go there.（使役动词+不定式省略to）二、动名词（doing）1. 作主语：动名词作主语时，可以直接用动名词形式，也可以用“名词+动名词”的形式。

初中英语语法讲解非谓语动词

初中英语语法讲解：非谓语动词定义及构成非谓语动词主要包括不定式&动名词&分词（现在分词和过去分词），.即动词的非谓语形式除了不能独立作谓语外,可以承担句子的任何成分它有三种形式：不定式，分词（现在分词、过去分词），动名词1．非谓语动词与谓语动词的相同点有：（1）如果是及物动词都可与宾语连用，例如：They built a garden.They suggested building a garden.（2）都可以被状语修饰：The suit fits him very well.The suit used to fit him very well.（3）都有主动与被动, “体”式（一般式；进行式；完成式）的变化。

例如：He was punished by his parents.（谓语动词被动语态）He avoided being punished by his parents.（动名词的被动式）We have written the composition.（谓语动词的完成时）Having written the composition, we handed it in.（现在分词的完成式）（4）都可以有逻辑主语They started the work at once.（谓语动词的逻辑主语）The boss ordered them to start the work.（动词不定式的逻辑主语）We are League members.（谓语动词的主语）We being League member, the work was well done.（现在分词的逻辑主语）2、非谓语动词与谓语动词的不同点有：（1）非谓语动词可以有名词作用（如动词不定式和动名词），在句中做主语、宾语、表语。

（2）非谓语动词可以有形容词作用（如动词不定式和分词），在句中做定语、表语或宾语补足语。

（3）非谓语动词可以有副词作用（如动词不定式和分词），在句中作状语。

2021年初中英语语法知识—非谓语动词的分类汇编含解析

一、选择题1．We should do everything we can________the endangered birds.A．protect B．protecting C．to protect D．protected 2．When he saw the photo, he couldn’t stop ________ her stay in London.A．think of B．to think of C．thought of D．thinking of 3．Look! There is a little cat ________ here and there on the floor.A．running B．run C．runs4．She couldn’t help ________ when she heard the death of her grandmother.A．cry B．to cry C．crying D．to crying 5．（2016天津中考）I wanted to see the Beijing Opera, so Lingling offered me to watch an opera.A．took B．takes C．to take D．taking6．Dan shows an interest in musical instruments and is often heard _____ the guitar.A．play B．played C．playing D．to play7．________TV too much is bad for your eyes.A．Watching B．Watch C．Watches D．Watched8．---I think you should stop ______ him in English.---I see. He can’t understand English at all. Let me try in French.A．talking to B．to talk toC．talk to D．to talking to9．We should try our best to prevent the air pollution________.A．from living a better life B．to live a better life C．live a better lifeD．lives a better life10．I don’t know how________there. I need to look at the map.A．to get B．to get to C．get11．I saw a little boy ________on the road.A．lie B．lying C．lied12．—Let him __________us to learn English, OK? —Great!A．Helps B．to help C．help D．helping13．—I didn't hear you come in just now.—That's good. We tried________any noise, for you were sleeping.A．not make B．not to make C．to make D．making14．How lucky Peter was! Some policemen arrived in time and __________ him out. A．managed to help B．tried to help C．succeeded to help D．tried helping 15．—When can you finish ________ that book?—This afternoon. Then you can read it. It’s really interesting.A．read B．to read C．reading16．—It’s necessary ____ our environment.—I agree with you.A．protect B．protecting C．to protect D．protects 17．It’s time _________ now．A．go B．to go C．go to18．—It’s so hot here . Do you mind _____the window ?.—_____. I will do it right now .A．to close ; Yes B．to open ; NoC．opening ; Of course not D．closing ; I hope so19．—This physics problem is too difficult. Can you show me ________, Wang Lin?—Sure.A．what to work it out B．what to work out itC．how to work it out D． how to work out it20．—Did you get Sam’s invitation?—Yes. But I was so busy today that I almost forgot________to his invitation.A．replying B．to answer C．to reply21．—So beautiful flowers! I can’t decide _____ for my mom.—For Mother’s Day, it can’t be better to take some carnati ons（康乃馨).A．when to choose B．which to choose C．how to choose22．Mrs Smith encourages her daughter ________clothes by herself.A．wash B．washing C．to wash23．—Each year, ________fishes are killed by the________water.—So we should do something to stop it!A．million of; polluting B．two millions; pollutedC．millions of; polluted D．two million; polluting24．Which of the following is right?A．He is used to live there.B．My main job is spreading the message about protecting the environment.C．I have borrowed the book from the library for two weeks.D．Kids under 18 are not allowed to drive.25．(2015·河南)Whenever we kids come over，Auntie Susan just stands there and watches us ________ sure we don't break anything.A．make B．madeC．to make D．making26．The winter holiday is coming. I really expect ________ a trip to Hong Kong.A．take B．taking C．to take27．Thanks for ________ me with my English.A．helping B．to help C．your help28．The girl is so helpful that she devoted all her spare time she had ______ others．A．helping B．to helping C．to help D．helped【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除一、选择题1．C解析：C【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：我们应该尽我们所能来保护濒危鸟类。

初中英语语法讲解：非谓语动词

（2）非谓语动词可以有形容词作用（如动词不定式和分词），在句中做定语、表语或宾语补足语。

（3）非谓语动词可以有副词作用（如动词不定式和分词），在句中作状语。

最全的非谓语动词知识点总结

最全的非谓语动词知识点总结非谓语动词是指动词的非动词形式，分为动词不定式、动名词和现在分词、过去分词。

下面是非谓语动词的最全知识点总结：一、动词不定式（Infinitive）1.动词不定式的形式：- 常规形式：to+动词原形（to do）- 被动形式：to be done- 完成形式：to have done2.动词不定式的用法：- 作主语：To read books is my hobby.- 作宾语：I want to go home.- 作定语：Can you give me something to eat?- 作状语：I study hard to pass the exam.3.动词不定式与一些动词搭配：- 动词make, let, have, help后接动词原形作宾语：She made me clean the room.- 动词比如tell, ask, advise, want, expect后可接动词不定式作宾语补足语：She told me to go there.二、动名词（Gerund）1.动名词的形式：- 动词原形+ing（doing）2.动名词的用法：- 作主语：Swimming is good for health.- 作宾语：I enjoy reading books.- 作表语：His job is teaching English.- 作定语：The running water sounds relaxing.- 作状语：I walked home, singing songs.3.动名词与一些动词搭配：- 动词stop, finish, keep, mind后接动名词作宾语：He finished reading the book.- 动词enjoy, dislike, mind后接动名词作宾语：I enjoy swimming.三、现在分词（Present Participle）1.现在分词的形式：- 原形+ing（doing）2.现在分词的用法：- 作定语：The crying baby needs attention.- 作状语：He left the party, feeling disappointed.3.现在分词与一些动词搭配：- 动词keep, catch, find后接现在分词作宾补：I caught him stealing my money.- 动词see, hear, notice后接现在分词作宾补：I saw him walking in the park.四、过去分词（Past Participle）1.过去分词的形式：- 动词的过去分词形式（done）2.过去分词的用法：- 用于完成时态：I have finished my homework.- 用于被动语态：The book was written by him.3.过去分词与一些动词搭配：- 动词have, has, had, get, be等后接过去分词构成完成时态：He has eaten breakfast.- 动词make, let, have, get后接过去分词构成被动语态：She was made to clean the room.。

英语非谓语知识点分类

英语非谓语知识点分类非谓语在整张考卷中都以各种可发觉或不行发觉的方式考察着我们。

因此，千万不要以分值小为由而忽视非谓语的重要性。

接下来我给大家共享关于英语非谓语学问点，盼望对大家有所协助！英语非谓语学问点1非谓语动词详解总结不定式的作用中学英语学问点：1、作主语不定式作主语时，谓语用单数。

往往用it作形式主语，把不定式放在谓语后面。

中学英语学问点：2、作宾语〔1〕动词+不定式。

〔2〕动词+疑问词+to，“特别疑问句+不定式”相当于名词，作宾语。

中学英语学问点：3、作宾语补足语〔1〕动词+宾语+不定式〔todo〕。

〔2〕表见解、看法的动词构造可为：动词+宾语+tobe的不定式构造。

(3)There+不定式。

中学英语学问点：4、作定语〔1〕、不定式作定语，修饰名词或代词，不定式和它所修饰的名词之间有逻辑上的主谓关系、动状关系、同位关系或动宾关系。

不定式通常要放在这些被修饰的词后。

〔2〕.假如作定语的不定式是一个短语，那么要保存不定时短语中的副词或介词。

中学英语学问点：5、作表语不定式可放在be动词后面，构成表语。

6、独立构造。

英语非谓语学问点2非谓语题答题技巧01确定是否须要非谓语。

句中已经有谓语动词，再出现动词表示动作时，须用非谓语形式，假如是并列谓语要有and或“，”链接。

02分析是不是固定短语。

假如是，遵照固定短语分析。

03分析出非谓语的逻辑主语，主要有以下集几种状况：①非谓语做定语时，非谓语的逻辑主语是非谓语所修饰的词。

例如：I like the teacher teaching English.〔译：我喜爱教英语的那个教师。

〕句中非谓语做定语，修饰the teacher，the teacher是非谓语teaching 的逻辑主语，非谓语与其逻辑主语是主动关系。

②非谓语做状语时，非谓语的逻辑主语是主句的主语。

例如：Watching TV，she was moved.〔译：看电视时，她被感动了。

最全的非谓语动词知识点总结

最全的非谓语动词知识点总结非谓语动词是指动词的非时态形式，它不具备时态和人称的变化。

常见的非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词和分词。

下面是非谓语动词的最全知识点总结：1. 动词不定式（to-不定式）：-用法：- 作主语：To travel is my dream.- 作宾语：I want to go home.- 作定语：This is a book to read.- 作状语：He studies hard to pass the exam.- 不定式的否定形式：not + 不定式- 不定式的完成形式：to have + 过去分词- 不定式的被动形式：to be + 过去分词2. 动名词（-ing 形式）：-用法：- 作主语：Swimming is good exercise.- 作宾语：I enjoy reading books.- 作表语：His favorite activity is playing soccer.- 作定语：I have a writing assignment.- 作状语：She left, crying.- 动名词的否定形式：not + 动名词-动名词可以表示一些动作、状态或者习惯性的行为3.分词：- 现在分词（-ing 形式）：-用法：- 作定语：The running water is cold.- 作状语：He left, whistling a tune.-合并式现在分词：在主语和系动词之间发生合并，形成一个合并式的形容词。

- The girl is crying. (合并式：The girl is crying.)- 过去分词（一般以 -ed 或 -en 结尾）：-用法：- 作定语：A broken window needs to be fixed.- 作状语：I was tired, so I went to bed.-分词作定语时，与被修饰词之间具有被动、完成、被完成等被动意义。

非谓语动词用法总结大全

非谓语动词用法总结大全非谓语动词是历年的热点、难点和重点。

在学习非谓语动词时,好多同学感到剪不断,理还乱。

所以在复习中,特别有必要通过视察、比拟,归纳驾驭其用法,并总结其用法。

下面是学习啦我整理的非谓语动词用法总结大全，盼望对大家的英语学习有所协助。

最全面的非谓语动词用法总结1 ．不定式和动名词作主语的区分(1)动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作;而不定式作主语表示详细动作。

Smoking is prohibited(制止)here.这里制止抽烟。

(抽象)It is not very good for you to smoke so much.你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。

(详细)(2)动名词作主语时，通常用以表示一件确定的事或经历。

不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。

Climbing mountains is interesting.爬山很好玩。

(经历)Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring.在顶峰时刻开车令人厌烦。

(经历)(3)不定式做主语，一般用it当形式主语，把作主语的不定式短语后置。

It took me only five minutes to finish the job.2 ．不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区分(1)不定式作表语1)不定式作表语一般表示详细动作，特殊是表示将来的动作。

To do two things at a time is to do neither.--次做两件事等于未做。

What I would suggest is to start work at once.我的建议是马上起先干。

2)假如主语是不定式(表示条件)，表语也是不定式(表示结果)。

To see is to believe.百闻不如一见。

To work means to earn a living.工作就是为了生活。

3)假如主语是以aim，duty，hope，idea，happiness，job，plan，problem，purpose，thing，wish等为中心的名词，或以what 引导的名词性从句，不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明作用。

初中英语语法复习讲义之非谓语动词考点

初中英语语法复习讲义之非谓语动词考点一、现在分词用法说明1、现在分词一般式的用法现在分词的一般式所表示的动作与主语动作同时发生：When we arrived, we found him sleeping.我们到达时发现他在睡觉。

Living in the suburbs. we have few visitors.因为住在郊外，我们没什么访客。

【注】有时现在分词所表示的动作也可略早于或迟于谓语动作，但两者之间没有时间间隔：Seeing no body at home. he decided to leave a note.发现没人在家，他决定留个字条。

He went home, finding the door locked.他回到家，发现门是锁着的。

当现在分词所表示的动作略迟于谓语动作时，现在分词通常位于句末。

2、现在分词被动式的用法当要表示一个被动动作时，现在分词就用被动形式。

现在分词的一般式和完成式均有被动式形式：(1）现在分词一般式的被动式。

主要表示现在正在进行的动作，也可表示与谓语动作同时发生的动作：Who is the woman being operated on？正在动手术的女人是谁？I saw him being taken away by the police.我看见他被警察带走。

【注】有时现在分词一般式的被动式所表示的动作也可发生在谓语动作之前（此时的现在分词通常用于表示原因，且多为状态动词）。

Not having a car. he finds it difficult to get around.由于没车，她感到行动很困难。

(2）现在分词完成式的被动式。

主要表示发生在谓语动词之前且已经完成的动作：The subject having been opened,he had to go on with it.话题已经开始了，他不得不谈下去。

Having been written in haste. the book has many mistakes.这书因写得仓促，所以错误不少。