英汉语的基本句型对比

英汉语的基本句型对比

1、英语的基本句型

1.1主+谓

1）Gold glitters. 金子可以发光。

2）The bell rang. 铃声响了。

1.2主+系+表

1）Children are happy and gay. 孩子们幸福快乐。

2) He became an artist. 他成了艺术家。

1.3主+谓+宾

1）Bad workmen blame their tools. 自己笨，怪刀钝。

2) The farm hands hated him. 长工们恨透了他。

1.4主+谓+间宾+直宾

1）The husband bought his wife a new dress. 丈夫给妻子买了一件新衣。

2) Please hand me the cup.请把杯子递给我。

1.5 主+谓+宾+补

1）They named their son Jack. 他们给儿子取名杰克。

2) The victory sent our spirits rising. 胜利让我们精神振奋。

1.6 主+谓+宾+状

1）Fate has treated him pretty roughly. 命运待他极为不公。

2) His cruel remarks cut me deeply. 他那绝情的话语让我痛彻肺腑。1.7 主+谓+状

1）The building stood for many years. 那座建筑物历经多年未倒。

2) We live in China. 我们在中国居住。

2、汉语的基本句型

2.1动词谓语句

2.1.1主+谓

1）大家笑了。Everybody laughed.

2）莺歌燕舞Orioles sing and swallows dart.

2.1.2 主+系+表

1）解放区的天是明朗的天。The sky over the liberated area is bright. 2) 童年是难忘的。Childhood days are unforgettable.

2.1.3 主+谓+宾

1）暴风雨毁了许多房屋。The storm destroyed many houses.

2) 我认为这是可行的。I think this is feasible.

2.1.4 主+谓+间宾+直宾

1）他给她一条金项链。He gave her a gold necklace.

2) 你能借我5块钱吗？Could you lend me five yuan?

2.1.5 主+谓+宾+补

1）敌人逼他招供。The enemy forced him to confess.

2) 我们看见她跑了。We saw her run away.

2．1，6 主+谓+宾+状

1）他们待我很友好。They treated me very kindly.

2) 那人爱财如命。That man loves money like his very life.

2.1.7 主+谓+状

1）我们长在红旗下。We’ve grown up under the red flag.

2) 这船驶往纽约。The ship is sailing for New York.

3) 如今这孩子长得又高又大。Now the child has grown big and tall.

2.1.8 主+连动式

1）他躺着看书。He was/is lying in bed reading.

2)我们打完球洗澡。We’ll take a bath after we’ ve played basketball.

3) 你去排队买票看电影消磨时间。

To kill time, you can go and line up and buy a ticket and see a film.

You can kill time by going to the cinema, lining up, buying a ticket and seeing a film.

2.2 名词谓语句

1）这孩子才8个月。This baby is only eight months old.

2）今天星期五。Today is Friday.

3）我家3口人。There are three people in my family.

4）人民万岁！Long live the people!

5) 一把椅子4条腿。A chair has four legs.

2.3 形容词谓语句

1）天高云淡。The sky is high and the clouds are pale.

2) 她的嗓子真甜。Her voice is really sweet./ She has a really sweet voice.

3) 南方的天气好。The weather in the south is nice.

2. 4 主谓谓语句

2.4.1 大主语+ （小主语+动词谓语）

1）他个子长得很快，智力发育也很快。He grows very fast in both stature and intelligence.

2) 他歌唱得好，但不会跳舞。He sings very well, but he can’t dance.

2.4.2 大主语+（小主语+名词谓语）

1）西瓜一公斤6毛钱。Watermelon is six jiao a kilogram.

2）老张体重80公斤，但身高才1米6。

Lao Zhang weighs 80 kilograms, but he is only 1.6 meters tall.

2.4.3 大主语+（小主语+形容词谓语）

1）他身体健康。He is healthy./ He is in good health.

2) 中国地大物博。China is a big country abounding in natural wealth.

3) 这部小说情节生动。This novel is fascinating in its story/plot.