(完整版)动词不定式在英语写作中的运用学案
动词不定式（to do)在英语写作中的运用
Activity1: 阅读下文并在含有的
Dear Sammy,
I don’t know how to thank you enough for giving me the chance to visit the UK. It’s really my great pleasure to take part in this activity. You know，as a student in China, I have tried my best to learn English well. My teachers always tell me not to learn English just for exams. They said it’s also wrong to learn it just as a language and knowing the cultures and customs, histories and societies of the English-speaking countries can really help us to learn English better. Don’t you agree?
So, this is a big chance for me. I am so excited that I can’t wait to set out for the UK. London, the capital city is the first place I would like to visit. I have seen many amazing pictures of it. I hope to l earn much about the British culture and history there. I’m also looking forward to visiting Oxford and Cambridge Universities, the most famous universities in the world. Many famous people and scientists graduated from the two universities. If I am lucky enough, I may see some of them. Of course, I would love to eat the typical English food--- fish and chips. They must be delicious. Moreover, I think it intersting to meet many other British people and make friends with them.
Once again, thank you so much for inviting me to visit the UK.
Yours truly,
Debbie
ActivityII.Find out the function of the infinitive
1.①It’s really my great pleasure to take part in this activity.
=To take part in this activity is really my great pleasure.
②…it’s also wrong to learn it just as a language. （作___________）
2. ①I hope to learn much about the British culture and history there.
②I think it intersting to meet many other… (作__________）
3.①I have tried my best to learn English well.（作____________）
ActivityIII.Summary the Rules of the infinitive
Eg. 学好英语对学生来说是必要的。It is necessary for students____________________.
Eg. ①首先，尽量多讲英语。
Firstly,_____________________ English as often as possible.
②你会发现看英文电影很有用。.You will find it useful _____________________________.
Eg. 你应该尽力用英语和同学交流.
You should try your best __________________________your classmates in English
https://www.360docs.net/doc/156856543.html,plete the following sentences.
1).我觉得唱英文歌是个好主意。
In my opinion, it is a good idea_________________________.
2）我认为提高英语最好的方法是提高我们的英语听、说、读和写的技巧。
I think the best way _____________________________is to improve our English skills—listening, speaking, reading, and writing.
3)首先，背单词是学好英语所必需的。
First,________________________________is essential to learn English well.
4).你必须先下定决心努力学习，然后再计划接下来该做什么。
You must make up your mind _________________,and then plan ____________________.
5)为了提高你的听力能力，你需要听更多的英语广播，并多与外国人交流。_____________________________________, you need to listen to more English broadcast and contact with more foreigners.
Activity V: complete the pasage.
Dear Dave,
I’m glad_________(receive)your letter asking for my advice on how __________(learn) Chinese well. Here is my advice for improving your Chinese.
Firstly, as a foreigner, you need _______(go) and ____ (join)a Chinese learning activity group. It’s important___________ (remember) as many Chinese words as possible.Secondly, in order__________ (提高) your listening ability, you’d better read Chinese books, listen _____the tapes and radio programs in Chinese. You may find it useful ________the Chinese TV programs or DVDs. Thirdly, it’s good for you _______(make) some Chinese friends and try your bes t to_____________(交流）with them in Chinese. Besides, your friends can teach you a lot of Chinese songs and introduce some Chinese festivals to you, too. I’m sure you will make great progress as time goes on.
In conclusion, I wish you every success with your studies.
Yours,
Zhang Hua Activity VI:Writing.
假如你是一位英语教师，你的学生李华写信向你咨询提高英语学习的方法，请你给他写一封建议信。邮件的内容包含如下要点：
要点：1.背英语单词，尽量用英语和同学交流；
2.看英文电影、读英文书、报纸、杂志；
3.听、唱英语歌，是学习英语的好方法；
4.交外国朋友，即可练习口语又可了解外国习俗。
注意：1. 内容应包括以上要点，可适当增加细节，以使内容连贯；
2. 词数：100词左右。
Dear LiHua,
I am glad to receive your email asking for my advice on how to learn English well. Here are some suggestions for you.
___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________
I wish you every success with your studies.
Sincerely yours,
Ms. Fang
动词不定式用法归纳
动词不定式用法归纳 动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能独立作谓语。但动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词特征，在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、表语和状语等多种成分。另外，动词不定式具有动词特点，可以有自己的宾语和状语，组成动词不定式短语。动词不定式的肯定形式是to＋do；其否定形式是not to＋do。 1．作主语 可以直接作主语。如： To see is to believe． 但在英语中，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语即动词不定式放在后面。如： It's wrong to play tricks on other people． It's our duty to keep our environment clean and tidy．（Lesson 10）． 点击规律：动词不定式在句中作主语时，常放在It is ＋adj．（形容词）＋to do sth．或 It is ＋n．（名词）＋to do sth．句型中，it仅作形式主语。 2．作宾语 a.以下动词只能to do 作宾语。 attempt企图 enable能够 neglect忽视 afford负担得起 demand要求 long渴望 arrange 安排 mean意欲，打算 begin开始 expect期望 appear似乎，显得 determine决定 manage设法 cease停止 hate憎恨，厌恶 pretend假装 ask问 need需要 agree同意 desire愿望 love爱 swear宣誓 volunteer志愿 wish希望 bear承受 endeavor努力 offer提供 beg请求 fail不能 plan计划 bother扰乱；烦恼 forget忘记 prefer喜欢，宁愿 care关心，喜欢 happen碰巧 prepare准备 decide决定 learn学习 regret抱歉，遗憾 choose选择 hesitate犹豫 profess表明 claim要求 hope希望 promise承诺，允许 start 开始 undertake承接 want想要 intend想要 refuse拒绝 decide决定 learn学习 contrive设法，图谋 incline有…倾向 propose提议 seek找，寻觅 try试图 b．love，like ，begin，start，hate ，prefer等词后面可以接不定式。 点击规律：上述动词后面除接不定式外，还可以接动名词，意思无很大区别。 提示板：like doing指经常性动作，而like to do指一次性的动作。如： I like swimming，but I don't like to swim now．我喜欢游泳，但我现在不想游。 c．stop，forget，remember，go on ，try等词或短语后面可以接不定式。 点击规律：上述动词后面接不定式和接动名词意思大不相同。 1）stop to do sth．：停止一件事，去做另一件事。 stop doing sth．：停止正在做的事。 例句：When the teacher came in，the students stopped talking；when he came out，the students stopped to talk． 当老师走进来时，学生们停止说话；当老师走出去时，学生们又开始说话。 2）思考：forget，remember，go on，try等词或短语后面接不定式和动名词用法有何区别d．在find／feel＋it＋adj．＋to do sth．句型中，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。如： The man downstairs found it difficult to get to sleep． I feel it easy to recite the text． 点击规律：某些动词或短语后面既可以接动词不定式作宾语，又可接动名词作宾语，二者用法上的区别可以通过造句子加以区分，如上面stop例句。 3．作宾语补足语 a．下面的动词要求不定式做宾补：动词+宾语+动词不定式 ask要求，邀请 get请，得到 prompt促使 allow允许 forbid禁止 prefer喜欢，宁愿 announce
动词不定式的用法学案
动词不定式的用法 非谓语动词是指那些在句中不能单独充当谓语的动词，可分为不定式，动名词，现在分词和过去分词。 1. 不定式形式:由to＋动词原形构成。 2.用途： 在句中不能作谓语。它具有动词的性质，本身可以带宾语和状语。动词不定式在句中除了不做谓语，可以作句子任何成分。动词不定式的被动形式除了一般形式外还有其完成式和进行式。 动词不定式及其短语还可以有自己的宾语、状语，虽然动词不定式在语法上没有表面上的直接主语，但它表达的意义是动作，这一动作一定由施动者发出。动作的施动者我们称之为不定式的逻辑主语，其形式如下： 主动形式被动形式 一般式（not） to make （not） to be made 完成式（not） to have made （not） to have been made 进行式（not） to be making (1)语态 如果动词不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者，不定式一般要用被动语态形式。如： It's a great honor _____________ (invite) to Mary's birthday party.（不定式作______） I wish ______________ (send)to work in the country.（不定式作__________） Can you tell me which is the car________________( repair)（不定式作________） He went to the hospital______________________ (examine).（不定式作__________） (2)时态 1) 现在时：一般现在时表示的动词，有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。 I hope_________(see) you again. = I hope that I'll see you again. 我希望再见到你。 2) 完成时：表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。 I'm sorry __________________ (give) you so much trouble. 3) 进行时：表示动作正在进行，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。 He seems ____________________ (eat) something. 4) 疑问词who, what, which, when, where, whether, how后可接不定式构成不定式短语，在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。如： Eg. 什么时候出发去伦敦到现在还没有决定呢。 _______________________________________________________________________我问陈老师怎么样学好英语。 __________________________________________________________________________
动词不定式用法经典例句总结教学总结
定义 （语态）动词和参与此动作的主语之间关系的一个术语。当主语是动作的发起者（或之一）时，称为主动语态； 如果动词不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者，不定式一般要用被动语态形式。如： It's a great honour to be invited to Mary's birthday party.（不定式作主语是被动语态to be invited是被邀请）It was impossible for lost time to be made up.（不定式作主语） I wish to be sent to work in the country.（不定式作宾语） Can you tell me which is the car to be repaired?（不定式作定语） He went to the hospital to be examined.（不定式作状语） My work is to clean the room every day.（不定式作表语） 在There be结构中，修饰主语的不定式可用被动，也可用主动。如：There are still many things to take care of (to be taken care of).但有时两种形式表达的意思不同，如：There is nothing to do now.( We have nothing to do now.) There is nothing to be done now.(We can do nothing now.) 形式 1) 现在式：一般现在时表示的动词，有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。一般为：动词+ to do sth He seems to know this. I hope to see you again. = I hope that I'll see you again.我希望再见到你。 2) 完成式：表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。 I'm sorry to have given you so much trouble. He seems to have caught a cold. 3)进行式：表示动作正在进行，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。 He seems to be eating something. 4)完成进行式： She is known to have been wreaking on the problem for many years. 一般在表示情绪的动词后加to do也表将来 疑问词 疑问词who,what,which,when,where,whether,how后可接不定式构成不定式短语，在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。如： ①When to leave for London has not been decided yet. （不定式在句子中做主语） ②Mr. Smith didn't know whether to leave or stay there. （不定式在句子中做宾语） ③I asked Professor Xu how to learn English well. （不定式在句子中做直接宾语） ④The question was where to get the medicine needed. （不定式在句子中表语） 以上例句中疑问词+不定式部分，均可转换为相应的从句形式。如：①When we s hall leave…③…how I could learn……
but用于动词不定式导学案
Module 4 Grammar 不定式符号to的省略 及but用于动词不定式 班级：组号：____ 姓名：____________ 【学习目标】 1.学习动词不定式符号to的省略。 2.学习but用于动词不定式。 【学习重难点】 1.熟练掌握不定式符号to省略的几种情况。 2.掌握不定式与but连用的几个短语。 【学法指导】 根据语法详解及例句了解以上内容，并且根据练习题熟练掌握。 【学习过程】 Step1.阅读下列句子，请将中文意思写在横线上。 【课文原句】1.I’ll do anything for you but set you free. 翻译： 【课文原句】2. There was nothing to do but wait till he came back. 翻译： 【课文原句】3. They had no choice but to obey. 翻译： Step2.【语法详析】 不定式符号to的省略及but用于不定式 1.当不定式用于let, make, have等使役动词后作宾语补足语，不定式必须省略to。练习： Let me (have) another cup of tea. They made him tell them everything.
翻译： 2.当不定式用于表示感觉的动词feel, hear, notice, observe, see, watch, look at, listen to等作宾语补足语时，不定式必须省略to。 练习： We all felt the house (shake). I heard him (go) down the stairs. 3.当but(表示“除……之外”)前有实义动词do的某种形式时, 其后的不定式通常省略to。但but前的动词不是do，其后的不定式一般要带to。 练习： There’s little we can do except （wait). He likes nothing except (watch)TV. 4.用于cannot but, cannot choose but, cannot help but等短语后, 其不定式通常不带to。这些短语相当于have to。 can’t help but do. . . (不得不做……; 不可能不做某事); can’t but do. . . (禁不住, 情不自禁……) 练习： When a good friend dies, you cannot but (feel) sad. I couldn’t choose but speak the truth. 翻译： Step3.【巩固运用】 Ⅰ. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. George returned after the war, only ________(tell)that his wife had left him. 2. He told us whether ________ (have)a picnic was still under discussion. 3. The children all turned ________ (look at)the famous actress as she entered the classroom. 4. His first book ________ (publish)next month is based on a true story.
动词不定式的教学设计
动词不定式的教学设计 课题名称：Grammar Revision:Infinitive 姓名：江国平工作单位：学科年级：八年级教材版本：一、教学内容分析 本课时是人教版《英语》第二册第7与第8单元的语法复习课，主要内容是关于动词不定式各个句法功能的介绍加之了大量的练习。 二、教学目标 一、知识目标： 1.Students are able to learn what the infinitive is. 2.Students can grasp the various forms of the different tense and the voice of the infinitive. 二、能力目标： 1.Students can use the infinitive rightly. 2.Students can tell the different syntax-function of the infinitive. 三、情感目标： 1.Students can learn to cooperate with others and finish task by themselves or in group. 2.Students can also compete with others and form good learning habits. 三、学习者特征分析 本节课的授课是初二学生，该班学生普遍活泼开朗，兴趣广泛，愿意展示自己。但是，学生的语言基础不好还比较低，口头表达能力不好。在设计中要充分利用好动、愿意涨势自我的优点，通过多种课堂组织形式来调动设计枯燥的语法课中，加入游戏，小组竞争等等让学生在这种紧张又快乐的环境中学会语言。 四、教学策略选择与设计 该节课是初二语法模块的教案，由于考试日期临近，复习时采用了边讲边练，连接中考考点让学生在上课过获得成就感，并且培养自信意识。 五、教学重点及难点 重点：Students can grasp the usage of the infinitive. 难点：Students can use the infinitive rightly in the exercises. 六、教学过程 教师活动预设学生活动
动词不定式作主语的三种方式
动词不定式作主语的三种方式 I 不定式作主语通常位于句首。如： ①To see is to believe．百闻不如一见。 ②To get up early is necessary．早起是必要的。 II 把引导词it放在句首作形式主语，而把真正的主语———动词不定式（短语）放在后面。如： ①It's not easy to work out the problem．计算出这道题不容易。 ②It is interesting to play with snow in winter．冬季里玩雪是很有趣的。 it作形式主语时，有三种情况： 1）常用形容词作它的表语。真正主语不定式通常有逻辑主语，一般用for短语来表示，即for sb．to do sth．（其中sb．就是to do的逻辑主语）。如： It's important for us to keep the water clean．保持水质清洁对我们来说是很重要的。 ［注意］for不能用of来代替，因为不能说：Y ou are important． 当表语形容词表示不定式的逻辑主语的性质或特征时，则不用for，而用of（sb．to do sth．）。如： It's very kind of you to say so．你这样说真是太好了。 （可以说：Y ou are very kind．） 2）有时也接名词作表语。如： It must be great fun to fly to the moon in a spaceship．乘宇宙飞船飞往月球一定很有趣。 3）it作形式主语时，还常用于“It takes（took ／will take）sb．some time（money）to do sth．”句型中。如： ①It took me more than an hour to do my homework yesterday evening．昨天晚上我做作业用了一个多小时。 ②It will take us a long time to walk there．步行去那儿要花费我们很长时间。 III．动词不定式与疑问词how，what，when，where，which等连用构成不定式短语，也可作主语。如： ①How to use the computer is the question．如何使用计算机是个问题。 ②Where to go has not been decided．去哪儿还没有定下来。 【巩固练习】选择正确答案填空。 1．It's important you walk after supper． A．of；to B．for；of C．to；to D．for；to 2．It's very kind you help me． A．to；of B．of；to C．for；to D．to；to 3．To make friends with them nice． A．is B．are C．be D．does 4． the meeting has not been discussed yet． A．Why to hold B．Where to C．When to hold D．Which to （Keys：1—4 DBAC）
动词不定式导学案
动词不定式导学案（第一课时） 教学目标：了解、掌握本节课的动词不定式 重点、难点：掌握该语法的结构，及其用法。 方法策略：导学案、小组合作（独学--对学--群学）、对媒体 学生自学一 1、写出所学时态结构 时态例子关键词助动词1）一般现在时： 2）现在进行时： 2、英汉互译 ask sb to do sth 想去 want to read 叫我来 3、读一读下列动词，并写出to+动词的结构 例子，go---to go see---- play--- visit---- run---- stop--- 4、读一读，议一议 A B C I go home. We go home. He goes home. I want to go home. We want to go home. He wants to go home. I ask him to sing. He asks me to sing,too. She asks me to read. I ask her to read. We ask them to play. They ask us to play. Mr Li asks us to watch TV. We ask Mr Li to watch TV. (读完后，(翻译），你们想说什么） （能把共同点划一划吗） 5、结构to+V，叫做动词_________。它们的位置：句子中第______个动词。 6、练一练 1）写出下列动词的不定式形式 do--- get--- look--- go--- goes--- going--- 2）填空*选择 （1）He wants _______(来）. （2）I want________(去）. （3）She needs _______(帮助）。 （4）We ask Jim ______(跑）. （5）He asks Lucy ______. A. sing B.sings C.to sing （6）I am afraid _____. A.play B.to play C.playing （7）I am sorry _____ that. A.hear B.hearing C.to hear （8）Mr Smith wants ______ early。 A.to get up B.gets up C. to getting up
(完整版)动词不定式在英语写作中的运用学案
动词不定式（to do)在英语写作中的运用 Activity1: 阅读下文并在含有的 Dear Sammy, I don’t know how to thank you enough for giving me the chance to visit the UK. It’s really my great pleasure to take part in this activity. You know，as a student in China, I have tried my best to learn English well. My teachers always tell me not to learn English just for exams. They said it’s also wrong to learn it just as a language and knowing the cultures and customs, histories and societies of the English-speaking countries can really help us to learn English better. Don’t you agree? So, this is a big chance for me. I am so excited that I can’t wait to set out for the UK. London, the capital city is the first place I would like to visit. I have seen many amazing pictures of it. I hope to l earn much about the British culture and history there. I’m also looking forward to visiting Oxford and Cambridge Universities, the most famous universities in the world. Many famous people and scientists graduated from the two universities. If I am lucky enough, I may see some of them. Of course, I would love to eat the typical English food--- fish and chips. They must be delicious. Moreover, I think it intersting to meet many other British people and make friends with them. Once again, thank you so much for inviting me to visit the UK. Yours truly, Debbie ActivityII.Find out the function of the infinitive 1.①It’s really my great pleasure to take part in this activity. =To take part in this activity is really my great pleasure. ②…it’s also wrong to learn it just as a language. （作___________） 2. ①I hope to learn much about the British culture and history there. ②I think it intersting to meet many other… (作__________） 3.①I have tried my best to learn English well.（作____________） ActivityIII.Summary the Rules of the infinitive Eg. 学好英语对学生来说是必要的。It is necessary for students____________________. Eg. ①首先，尽量多讲英语。 Firstly,_____________________ English as often as possible. ②你会发现看英文电影很有用。.You will find it useful _____________________________. Eg. 你应该尽力用英语和同学交流. You should try your best __________________________your classmates in English https://www.360docs.net/doc/156856543.html,plete the following sentences. 1).我觉得唱英文歌是个好主意。 In my opinion, it is a good idea_________________________. 2）我认为提高英语最好的方法是提高我们的英语听、说、读和写的技巧。 I think the best way _____________________________is to improve our English skills—listening, speaking, reading, and writing. 3)首先，背单词是学好英语所必需的。 First,________________________________is essential to learn English well. 4).你必须先下定决心努力学习，然后再计划接下来该做什么。 You must make up your mind _________________,and then plan ____________________. 5)为了提高你的听力能力，你需要听更多的英语广播，并多与外国人交流。_____________________________________, you need to listen to more English broadcast and contact with more foreigners.
动词不定式教案
动词不定式教案 教学目标 1.学会什么是动词不定式 2.会使用动词不定式 重难点 1.能正确的使用动词不定式的各种用法 教学步骤 Grammar: 动词不定式 Ⅰ. 不定式句法功能 1. 作主语：The cat said, “To take roller coaster” is terrible. 不定式短语作主语时，可以直接放在句首，但在很多情况下，尤其是在疑问句和感叹句中，往往放在谓语之后，而用先行代词it作形式主语。 → The cat said, “It’s terrible to take roller coaster.” How long did it take you to take roller coaster? How terrible it is to take roller coaster? 不定式作主语常见句型： a) It is + adj. (easy, important, difficult…) + 不定式 b) It is + n. (a pity, a pleasure, one’s duty, a shame) + 不定式 eg. It’s my dut y to teach you how to be a student of No.3 Middle School. c) It takes/needs/requires + some time (hours, months, days, patience…) + 不定式 eg. It requires patience to be a good teacher. 2. 作表语：当句子的主语是aim, idea, policy, question, suggestion, wish, task, duty, job, purpose等或者主语是what引导的名词性从句时，后面可以用不定式做表语，用以说明主 语所包含内容。 eg. Our most important task now is to make a plan. 注：作表语的不定式都带to，但当主语部分有实义动词do时，to可以省略。 eg. The only thing we can do now is wait and see. 3.作宾语 The cat said “Remember not to take it next time!”. a) 可以直接用不定式作宾语的动词很多，常见的有：agree, afford, tend, ask, decide, determine, expect, fail, hope, learn, intend, manage, offer, plan, promise, refuse, want, wish等 I don’t want _____ like I’m speaking ill of anybody, but the manager’s plan is unfair. A. to sound B. to be sounded C. sounding D. to have sounded 当不定式短语比宾补长时，往往将不定式放到宾补后，而用先行代词it作形式宾语，常用 动词有feel, think, find, believe, consider, make等。 The cat felt it terrible to take roller coaster. b) 不定式一般不作介词的宾语，只有少数介词如but, except等后面可以跟不定式作宾语。 一般情况下作介词宾语的不定式都带to，如果but或except所在句子里的谓语动词都是实 义动词do, does, did时，通常省略to。 Eg. We have no choice but to wait. Cf. We can do nothing but wait.
高中英语 Unit 1 Living wellSection Ⅲ Grammar复习动词不定式教学案 新人教版选修7
Unit 1 Living wellSection Ⅲ Grammar-复习动词不定式 语法图解 探究发现 用所给词的适当形式填空 1．Unfortunately, the doctors don't know how to_make (make) me better, but I am very outgoing and have learned to_adapt (adapt) to my disability. 2．Then I started to_get (get) weaker and weaker, until I could only enjoy football from a bench at the stadium. 3．Even after all that, no one could give my disease a name and it is difficult to_know (know) what the future holds. 4．I am happy to_have_found (find) many things I can do, like writing and computer programming. 5．My ambition is to_work (work) for a firm that develops computer software when I grow up. 6．Last year I invented a computer football game and a big company has decided to_buy (buy) it from me. 7．To_look (look) after my pets properly takes a lot of time but I find it worthwhile. 8. I have to work hard to_live (live) a normal life but it has been worth it. 9．If I had a chance to_say (say) one thing to healthy children, it would be this: having a disability does not mean your life is not satisfying. 10．Just accept them for who they are, and give them encouragement to_live (live) as rich and full a life as you do. [我的发现]
(完整word版)动词不定式的用法导学案
动词不定式的用法导学案 Ⅰ. 主动形式被动形式 一般式to do to be done 完成式to have done to have been done 进行式to be doing / 完成进行式to have been doing / 否定形式not to do not to be done 疑问词＋不定 wh－to do wh－to be done 式 复合结构sb.to do/for sb.to do / Ⅱ、不定式的时态意义 不定式的时态是以句中谓语动词的时间为依据的 （1）一般式表示的动作或状态__________________________________________。 They made plans to live in Paris. 他们计划住在巴黎。（to live 发生在made plans之后） （2）进行式表示其动作正在进行，____________________________________。 He pretended to be listening to me carefully. 他假装认真地听我讲。 （3）不定式的完成时表达下列意义： A. 不定式的完成式所表示的动作或状态_________________________________________。 I am sorry to have kept you waiting. 对不起，让你久等了。 （to have kept发生在____________ 所表示的时间之前） She is said to have just completed a novel. 据说她刚完成一部小说。 （to have just completed a novel发生在______________ 所表示的时间之前） B.用在intended, expected, meant, hoped, promised, planned, wished, thought, desired, was, were等词 后，不定式的完成式表示未曾实现的愿望、期待、想法、打算或计划等。to have + 过去分词表示动作，to have been表示状态。 I meant to have done the work before Sunday. ____________________________（没完成） I was to have been a doctor. _____________________________________（没当成） I intended to have come to see you. __________________________________(但没来) C.用在seem, appear, thing, consider, believe等后，表示一个动作先于另一个动作发生。 I seem to have seen her somewhere before.以前我好像在那见过她。（see在seem之前发生） He was believed to have been a reporter.都认为他从前干过记者。 （4）不定式的完成进行式表示动作在_________________________。 He was happy to have been staying with his uncle. He looked too young to have been publishing books for six years. Ⅲ不定式的语法功能： 动词不定式是一种非谓语动词，不能充当谓语,但仍具有动词的特性，可以有时态、语态的变化，也可以在句中可充当______ _____ _____ _______ ______ _______等Examples: It is good to help others. It is my ambition to make sure that the disabled people have access to all public buildings. My ambition is to work in the computer industry when I grow up. I don’t have time to sit around feeling sorry for myself.
人教版 高中英语选修7 Unit 1 Living well Period three grammar 动词不定式的用法学案
Period Two Learning about Language 动词不定式的用法 学案 动词不定式的基本形式是“to＋动词原形”，有时to可以省略。动词不定式(或不定式短语)没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能作谓语，但它可以有自己的宾语和状语，在一起构成不定式短语。动词不定式(短语)具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，其句法作用如下：1．作主语 To build the Great Wall took them many years. 建成万里长城花费了他们许多年时间。 To play tricks on others is wrong. 捉弄别人是不对的。 作主语用的动词不定式(短语)常常用it替代，是先行主语或形式主语，真正的主语——动词不定式(短语)放在后面。上面两句可改写为： It took many years to build the Great Wall. It is wrong to play tricks on others. 2．作宾语 在begin，continue，hope，decide，want，wish，try，learn，afford，agree，determine，expect，fail，manage，offer，refuse等动词后通常用不定式作宾语。 Doctors tried to save his life. 医生们试图挽救他的生命。 某些及物动词后不能接动词不定式作宾语，只能用动词的-ing形式作宾语，这样的动词有avoid，advise，admit，consider，escape，enjoy，finish，mind，miss，risk，suggest，practise，excuse，imagine，keep等，词组can’t help，put off，give up，look forward to 等。 Have you finished writing the English novel? 你写完那本英文小说了吗？ The old man enjoys listening to music.老人喜欢听音乐。 某些动词既可用动词不定式作宾语，又可用动词的-ing形式作宾语，意义区别不大。 It started to rain/raining.天开始下雨了。 有的及物动词，如like，love，prefer，dislike，hate等后接动词不定式作宾语指一次的、一时的具体动作，接动词-ing形式作宾语指经常性的动作和情况。例如： Though his income is small，he loves buying/to buy books. 尽管他收入少，却爱买书。 I’d like to have something to drink. 我想喝点东西。(would/should like后只能接动词不定式作宾语，因为想做的是一次的、一时的具体动作) He preferred staying in the house when it rained. 天下雨时他宁愿呆在屋里。(指经常情况，所以用动词-ing 形式作宾语) I prefer to stay at home this afternoon. 我宁可今天下午呆在家里。(指具体的、一时的情况，所以宾语用动词不定式) 有几个动词如forget，remember，regret等后面用动词不定式和动词-ing形式作宾语，意义不同。 Remember to lock the door when you leave the room. 离开房间时记住锁门。(记住去做某件尚未做的事) I remember seeing him somewhere. 我记得曾在哪儿见过他。(记得自己曾做过某事) 3．作宾语补足语 有些动词如ask，tell，order，cause，allow，want，like，advise，force，permit，prohibit，get等用名词或代词作宾语，后面可以用动词不定式作宾语补足语。