肘部解剖

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The Diagnostics Institute, School of Medicine, Shandong University
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The Diagnostics Institute, School of Medicine, Shandong University
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桡神经的分布
• 桡神经在臂部发出较多的分支，其中肌 支主要分布与肱三头肌、肘肌、肱桡肌 和桡侧腕长伸肌。
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正中神经支配
• 正中神经的主干在前臂发支支配除 肱桡肌、尺侧腕屈肌和指深屈肌尺 侧半的所有前臂屈肌和旋前肌。
• 正中神经在手的分布：运动纤维支 配第1、2蚓状肌和鱼际肌（拇收肌 除外）；感觉纤维则分布与桡侧半
个手掌、桡侧三Fra Baidu bibliotek半手指掌面皮肤
及其中节呵远节指背皮肤。
The Diagnostics Institute, School of Medicine, Shandong University
• 关节支分布于肘关节
• 皮支总共三支：分布于臂后区的皮肤； 臂下外侧部的皮肤，前臂后面的皮肤。
• 手部的分布：手部桡侧半皮肤和桡侧三 个半手指近指节背面的皮肤
The Diagnostics Institute, School of Medicine, Shandong University
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The Diagnostics Institute, School of Medicine, Shandong University
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体表标志
肱骨内上髁、肱骨外上髁 尺骨鹰嘴 肱二头肌腱 肘后内侧沟
The Diagnostics Institute, School of Medicine, Shandong University
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The Diagnostics Institute, School of Medicine, Shandong University
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The Diagnostics Institute, School of Medicine, Shandong University
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The Diagnostics Institute, School of Medicine, Shandong University
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尺神经
• 尺神经在臂部不发出分支，于前臂上部 发肌支支配尺侧腕屈肌和指深屈肌尺侧 半。
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The Diagnostics Institute, School of Medicine, Shandong University
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The Diagnostics Institute, School of Medicine, Shandong University
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The Diagnostics Institute, School of Medicine, Shandong University
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关节的辅助结构
• 1、韧带 • 2、关节盘和关节唇 • 尺神经走行于肱骨内上髁后下方的
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The Diagnostics Institute, School of Medicine, Shandong University
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The Diagnostics Institute, School of Medicine, Shandong University
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The Diagnostics Institute, School of Medicine, Shandong University
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The Diagnostics Institute, School of Medicine, Shandong University
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关节的基本构造
• 1、关节面 2、关节囊 由纤维结缔 组织构成的囊，附着于关节的周围 ，并与骨膜融合连续，包围关节腔 。纤维膜-----厚且坚韧
• 滑膜----薄而柔软
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The Diagnostics Institute, School of Medicine, Shandong University
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骨性结构
The Diagnostics Institute, School of Medicine, Shandong University
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The Diagnostics Institute, School of Medicine, Shandong University
尺神经沟，然后向前穿过尺侧腕屈 肌的起点，行向前臂的前内侧
The Diagnostics Institute, School of Medicine, Shandong University
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The Diagnostics Institute, School of Medicine, Shandong University
肘关节的解剖
The Diagnostics Institute, School of Medicine, Shandong University
主要内容
• 肘关节的体表标志 • 骨性结构 • 关节 • 神经的支配范围
The Diagnostics Institute, School of Medicine, Shandong University
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The Diagnostics Institute, School of Medicine, Shandong University
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The Diagnostics Institute, School of Medicine, Shandong University
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The Diagnostics Institute, School of Medicine, Shandong University
• 手部分布：分布于手背尺侧半和小指、 环指及中指尺侧半背面皮肤。浅支分布 于小鱼际表面的皮肤、小指掌面皮肤。 深支分布于小鱼际肌、拇收肌、骨间掌 侧肌、骨间背侧肌及第3、4蚓状肌
The Diagnostics Institute, School of Medicine, Shandong University
The Diagnostics Institute, School of Medicine, Shandong University
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The Diagnostics Institute, School of Medicine, Shandong University
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The Diagnostics Institute, School of Medicine, Shandong University