陆空通话教程第八章雷达管制 - 复制

第章
8
Radar Control
Lesson seventeen: Radar identification and vectoring •教学目的: 掌握符合陆空对话标准的雷达识别及
引导程序；
•重点难点: 雷达识别雷达引导。

Lesson Seventeen
补充词汇：
slipstream, rubber pulsating boot;
de-icing system, electric element;
anti-icing fluid, flushing toilet;
atmospheric pressure, MSL, cabin pressure;
air compressor, heat exchanger, galley, oven;
oxygen mask, ECS, DC, AC, alternator, APU; throttle, horsepower, MTOW, air density; headwind, tailwind, crosswind, reverse thrust;
noise sensitive communities, inbound traffic;
decision speed (velocity one), takeoff speed (velocity R);
Radar control相关内容：
A．雷达识别
1) 报告航向〔和高度层（或高度）〕
REPORT HEADING [AND FLIGHT LEVEL (or ALTITUDE)]
2) 为了识别，左（或右）转航向（三位数）
FOR IDENTIFICATION, TURN LEFT (or RIGHT) HEADING (three digits)
3) 为了识别发送信号并报告航向
TRANSMIT FOR IDENTIFICATION AND REPORT HEADING
4) 雷达看到了〔位置〕
RADAR CONTACT [position]
5) 已经识别（位置）
IDENTIFIED (position)
6) 没有识别〔原因〕，〔恢复（或继续）自主领
航〕
NOT IDENTIFIED [reason], [RESUME (or CONTINUE) OWN NAVIGATION]
B. 引导指令
1) 离开（重要点）航向（三位数）
LEAVE (significant point) HEADING (three digits)
2) 保持航向（三位数）
CONTINUE HEADING (three digits)
3) 保持现在航向
CONTINUE PRESENT HEADING
4) 航向飞（三位数）
FLY HEADING (three digits)
5) 左（或右）转，航向（三位数）〔原因〕
TURN LEFT (or RIGHT) HEADING (three digits)] [reason]
6) 左（或右）转（数值）度〔原因〕
TURN LEFT (or RIGHT) (number of degrees) [reason] 7) 停止转弯，航向（三位数）
STOP TURN HEADING (three digits)
8) 航向飞（三位数）,如可能直飞（名字）（重要
点）
FLY HEADING (three digits), WHEN ABLE PROCEED DIRECT (name) (significant point)
9) 航向好
HEADING IS GOOD
C. 雷达引导的终止
1) 恢复自主领航（航空器位置）（具体指令）
RESUME OWN NAVIGATION (position of aircraft)
(specific instructions)
2) 恢复自主航行〔直飞〕（重要点），〔磁航迹
（三位数）距离（数值）公里（或海里）〕
RESUME OWN NAVIGATION [DIRECT] (significant point), [MAGNETIC TRACK (three digits), DISTANCE (number)
KILOMETERS (or MILES)]
3) 机动飞行
a. 左（或右）转三百六十度〔原因〕
MAKE A TREE SIXTY TURN LEFT (or RIGHT) [reason]
b. 左（或右）转盘旋〔原因〕
ORBIT LEFT (or RIGHT) [reason]
c. 现在左（或右）转
TURN LEFT (or RIGHT) NOW
d. 现在停止转弯
STOP TURN NOW
如需明确说明上述机动飞行的原因，使用下列用语：
a) 因为活动
DUE TRAFFIC
b) 因为间隔
FOR SPACING
c) 为延迟
FOR DELAY
d) 飞向三边（或四边，或五边）
FOR DOWNWIND (or BASE, or FINAL)
Lesson Seventeen
示例：
make a left orbit:左盘旋一圈
make a three sixty turn right and advise:右转360度并通知我Radio contact lost, if you read, squawk 7600.
失去无线电联络, 如果你能听到, 应答机设置为7600。

If you read, squawk ident.
如果你能听到, 应答机识别。

Squawk normal/standby/Charlie…应答机正常位/等待位/C模式Stop squawk. 关闭应答机
Lesson Seventeen
•课文讲解
•练习
Lesson Eighteen
Vectoring to final approach and traffic information •教学目的: 掌握符合陆空对话标准的引导到最后进近及活动通报程序
•重点难点: 引导到最后进近活动通报
Lesson Eighteen
Vectoring to final approach and traffic information
补充词汇：
black box, VHF, ATC, transponder
SSR, DME, HIS, ADF ;
radio magnetic indicator (radio compass);
marker beacon system, weather radar;
crew, flight attendant, steward(ess), purser;
captain, copilot (first officer);
Lesson Eighteen
flight director system;
ILS, MLS, ADI, IRS, CRT,;
IFR, VFR, GPS, GMT;
Flight management system; transceiver, deviate, divert, module; prominent terrain feature, antenna;
飞行活动情报内容(traffic information):
方位，飞行方向，距离，机型，高度等。

飞行活动通报中方位的读法：
11点方位：十一点钟方位－eleven o’clock 关于飞行方向：
靠近：closing
会聚：converging
平行：parallel
同向：same direction
相对：opposite direction
分散：diverging
超越：overtaking
从左向右穿越：crossing left to right
从右向左穿越：crossing right to left
A. 飞行活动通报和避让行动
1) 〔飞行活动〕在（数值）点方位。

（距离）（飞
行方向）〔其他相关信息〕
TRAFFIC (number) O'CLOCK (distance) (direction of flight) [any pertinent information]
a. 不明飞行
UNKNOWN
CSN 3308, Wuhan control, unknown traffic west of field.
b. 慢速移动
SLOW MOVING
GCD, small aircraft, 10 o’clock, 12 kilometers, crossing left to right, height unknown, slow moving.
c. 快速移动
FAST MOVING
d. 正在上升（或下降）CLIMBING (or DESCENDING)
B. 雷达引导到最后进近
1). 雷达引导（进近类型）进近，跑道（数值）
VECTORING FOR (type of pilot-interpreted aid) APPROACH RUNWAY (number)
2) 雷达引导目视进近，跑道（数值），能见机场
（或跑道）报告
VECTORING FOR VISUAL APPROACH RUNWAY (number) REPORT FIELD (or RUNWAY) IN
SIGHT
雷达引导到（起落航线位置）
VECTORING FOR (position in the circuit)
不能（类型）进近（原因）（其他指令）
(type) APPROACH NOT AVAILABLE DUE (reason) (alternative instructions)
3) 引导做仪表进近
a. 距（定位点）（数字）公里（或海里），左（或右）
转航向（三位数值）
POSITION (number) KILOMETERS (or MILES) from (fix) TURN LEFT (or RIGHT) HEADING (three digits)
b. 你将在距（重要点或接地点）（距离）切入（无线电
设施或航迹）
YOU WILL INTERCEPT (radio aid or track) (distance) FROM (significant point or TOUCHDOWN)
c. *请求（距离）五边
*REQUEST (distance) FINAL
d. 可以（类型）进近跑道（数字）
CLEARED FOR (type) APPROACH RUNWAY (number)
e. 建立〔MLS进近航迹〕或〔ILS航向道（或下滑道）〕
报告
REPORT ESTABLISHED [ON MLS APPROACH TRACK] or [ON ILS LOCALIZER (or GLIDE PATH)]
f. 从左（或右）靠近〔建立报告〕
CLOSING FROM LEFT (or RIGHT) [REPORT
ESTABLISHED]
g. 左（或右）转航向（三位数）〔切入（或建立报告）〕TURN LEFT (or RIGHT) (three digits) [TO INTERCEPT (or REPORT ESTABLISHED)]
h. 预计引导穿越（航向道或无线电导航台）（原因）EXPECT VECTOR ACROSS (localizer course or radio aid) (reason)
i. 此转弯将引导你穿过（航向道或无线电导航台）〔原
因〕
THIS TURN WILL TAKE YOU THROUGH (localizer course or radio aid) [reason]
j. 引导你穿过（航向道或无线电导航台）〔原因〕TAKING YOU THROUGH (localizer course or radio aid) [reason]
k. 保持（高度）切入下滑道
MAINTAIN (altitude) UNTIL GLIDE PATH
INTERCEPTION
l. 建立下滑道报告
REPORT ESTABLISHED ON GLIDE PATH
m. 切入（航向道或无线电导航台）〔建立报告〕INTERCEPT (localizer course or radio aid) [REPORT ESTABLISHED]
Lesson Eighteen
4) 在独立和相关平行进近中的机动飞行
a. 可以ILS（或MLS）进近，跑道（数字）左（或右）
CLEARED FOR ILS (or MLS) APPROACH RUNWAY (number) LEFT (or RIGHT)
b. 你已穿过航向道（或MLS最后进近航迹），立即左
（或右）转返回航向道（或MLS最后进近航迹）YOU HAVE CROSSED THE LOCALIZER (or MLS FINAL APPROACH TRACK).TURN LEFT (or RIGHT)
IMMEDIATELY AND RETURN TO THE LOCALIZER
(or MLS FINAL APPROACH TRACK)
c. ILS（或MLS）跑道（数字）左（或右）航向道（或
MLS）频率（频率）
ILS (or MLS) RUNWAY (number) LEFT (or RIGHT) LOCALIZER (or MLS) FREQUENCY IS (frequency)
d. 当观察到航空器穿透了NTZ时避让行动
立即左（或右）转（数字）度（或航向）（三位数字）避让〔偏离邻近进近航迹的〕飞行活动，上升到
（高度）
TURN LEFT (or RIGHT) (number) DEGREES (or HEADING) (three digits) IMMEDIATELY TO AVOID TRAFFIC [DEVIATING FROM ADJACENT
APPROACH], CLIMB TO (altitude)
e. 立即上升到（高度）避让〔偏离邻近进近航迹的〕
飞行活动。

CLIMB TO (altitude) IMMEDIATELY TO AVOID TRAFFIC [DEVIATING FROM ADJACENT
APPROACH], (further instructions)
示例：
C: CSN 3215, Wuhan control, turn right heading 160
immediately due opposite traffic.
南方3215，武汉区域, 立即右转航向160, 有相对活动。

GABCD, Nanjing Tower, Traffic, 10 o’clock, 11 kilometers, crossing left to right, altitude unknown, fast moving. If not
sighted, turn right heading 090.
GABCD, 南京塔台, 飞行活动, 10点钟方位从左向右穿越, 高度不明, 快速移动, 如果不能看到,右转航行090。

Looking (out): 正在观察
Traffic in sight: 看到活动
Negative contact due clouds:没有看到，因为有云
Lesson Eighteen
•课文讲解
•练习
Lesson eighteen
Exercise IV: Listening
1. Unknown traffic 1 o’clock 8 miles opposite direction.
2. Traffic B757 9 o’clock 6 miles overtaking.
3. Traffic Tu-154 2 o’clock 15 miles crossing right to left.
4. Traffic 10 o’clock 10 miles crossing left to right.
5. Traffic Airbus320 3 o’clock parallel.
•教学目的: 掌握符合陆空对话标准的精密雷达进近程序；
•重点难点: 精密雷达进近；
•补充区域导航内容。

补充词汇：
bank, turn, climb, dive;
倾斜，旋转，上升，下沉
Stabilizing system, pressure sensor;
To maintain a smooth ride, accelerometer; Trim indicator, control column (驾驶杆); life jacket, safety instruction, emergency exit; fire extinguisher, life raft;
survival, first-aid and polar kits;
(救生包、急救包、极地用品包)
bracing position, escape chute;
(应急姿势、应急离机滑梯)
区域导航(RNAV)运行用语：
C: CES 5301, Wuhan control, confirm RNAV approved.东方5301，武汉区域，证实RNAV已批准。

C: CES 5301, Wuhan control, Advise RNAV capability.东方5301，武汉区域，报告能否RNAV运行。

P: Wuhan control, CES 5301, negative (affirm) RNAV.武汉区域，东方5301，不是（是）RNAV。

P: Wuhan control, CES 5301, request RNAV.
武汉区域，东方5301，申请RNAV运行。

C: CES 5301, Wuhan control, RNAV approved.
东方5301，武汉区域，可以实施RNAV运行。

C: CES 5301, Wuhan control, unable RNAV, radar vector direct to WUH VOR.
东方5301，武汉区域，不能实施RNAV运行，雷达引导直飞武汉VOR。

P: Wuhan control, CES 5301, unable RNAV due equipment.武汉区域，东方5301, 由于设备原因不能保持RNAV。

C: CES 5301, Wuhan control, report able to resume RNAV.东方5301，武汉区域，能够恢复RNAV时报告。

C: CES 5301, Wuhan approach, cleared RNAV09 arrival.东方5301，武汉近进，可以沿RNAV09进场。

C: CES 5301, Wuhan approach, cleared RNAV approach, runway 22.
东方5301，武汉近进，可以RNAV近进，跑道22。

C: CES 5301, Wuhan approach, R10D RNAV departure.
东方5301，武汉近进，R10D RNAV 离场。

Lesson Nineteen: Precision radar approach
•课文讲解
•练习
Exercise IV: Dictation
1. Turn left heading 030 for identification.
2. Request radar vectors to final approach course.
3. Check altimeter setting and confirm level.
4. Resume own navigation direct to CSP track 060 10
miles.
5. Continue present heading, take you through the
localizer for sequencing.
6. Traffic 9 o’clock 12 miles crosing left to right.
7. Orbit left due traffic on downwind.
8. Turn left heading 330 maintain 1700 feet until glide
path interception.
9. You have crossed the localizer, turn right immediately
and return to the localizer course.
10. 4 miles from touchdown, heading is good, 100 feet
below glide path, adjust rate of descent.。