包装专业英语_lesson
《专业英语》lesson8专业 枝条与根系整形修剪
The ingredients controlling root/shoot balance
1. Water Regulation of water supply through the use of techniques such as partial root drying (PRD) and regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) can provide effective means of reducing water use and enhancing plant water efficiency as well as a way to influence vegetative and reproductive growth.
第八讲 Training and Pruning of
ShooTerminology Training - control of the shape, size and direction of plant growth Orientation of the plant in space
Roots also serve as the site for the synthesis of gibberellins (GA); they may also be sites involved in the interconversion of shoot-derived GA. GA activity related with dwarfing phenotype of rootstock.
Auxin can also be derived from roots; the root cap appears to be the most likely site of synthesis. IAA levels have been shown to change with the developmental age of roots and with other factors such as high mechanical soil impedance.
机械制造专业英语课后短语翻译
英语课后重点短语LESSON 1(P15)1)the fundamental concept 基本概念2)cross section 横截面3)the internal stresses produced in the bar 棒内应力4)continuous distribution of bydrostatic pressure 净水压力的连续分布5)the tensile load 拉伸载荷6) a uniform distribution over the cross section 横截面上的均匀分布7)arbitrary cross-sectional shape 任意横截面形状8)tensile stress 拉应力9)compressive stresses 压应力10)a normal stress 正应力11)through the centroid of the cross sectional area 通过质心的横截面积12)the uniform stress condition 均应力状态13)the stress distribution at the end of the bar14)high localized stresses 局部高应力15)an axially loaded bar 轴向加载杆16)a tensile strain 拉伸应变17)an elongation or stretching of the material 延长或拉伸的材料18)a compressive strain 压应变19)the ratio of two lengths20)purely statical and geometrical considerations 从纯静态和几何关系考虑LESSON 2(P25)1)the main manifestations of capacity 功能的主要表现形式2)the maximum unit load(stress) 最大单位载荷3)stress-strain diagram 应力-应变图4)the simple tensile test 简单拉伸试验5)the percentage elongation at rupture 断裂延伸率6)the end of tensile specimens 拉伸试样的末端7)permanent deformation 永久变形8)the resulting load-displacement curve 所产生的载荷-位移曲线9) a substsntial yielding of the material 大量高产的物质10)yield point 屈服点11)the trainsition from elastic to plastic behavior12)material property table 材料性能表13)plastic defomation 塑性变形14)a specified standard length of the specimen 指定的标准试样的长度15)at the moment of rupture 在破裂时16)short cylindrical specimens 短圆柱试样17)ductile materials 任性材料18)high stress concentration 高应力集中19)ultimate tensile strength 极限抗拉强度20)strain hardening zone 应变硬化区LESSON 3(P37)1)circular cross section 圆截面2)the position of mountings 安装位置3)nominal size 标准尺寸4)length of shaft subjected to twist 轴的受扭长度5)minimize stress concentration 尽量减小应力集中6)from the standpoint of stress 从应力角度7)equations for a shaft in pure torsion 轴纯扭转的方程式8)diameter of solid shaft 实心轴的直径9)outside diameter of hollow shaft 空心轴的外径10)the amount of twist in a shaft 轴的扭转量11)torsional deflection 扭转变形12)shear modulus of elasticity 剪切弹性模量13)be closer to the vertical load 接近于垂直载荷14)the endurance limit 疲劳极限15)the allowable shearing stress 许用剪切应力16)equation for equivalent moments 方程的等效力矩17)the design stress values for flexure 设计弯曲应力值18)the angle of twist 扭转角19)antifricton bearings 滚动轴承20)the amount of twist in a shaft 轴的扭转量LESSOM 4(P51)1)herringbone gears 人字齿轮2)spiral gears 螺旋齿轮3)worn gears 蜗轮4)bevel gears 圆锥齿轮5)hypoid gears 准双曲面齿轮6)sizes of spur-gear teeth 齿轮轮齿的尺寸7)the automotive rear axle drives 汽车后桥驱动8)rack-and-pinion drives 齿条和小齿轮驱动器9)diametral pitch 径节10)pitch circle 节圆11)the tangency point 切点12)pressure angles 压力角13)an involute curve 渐开线14)the radial distant 径向距离15)at right angles 成直角16)the average number of teeth in contact17)the reciprocal of the diametral pitch 对等径节18)to change inches to millimeters 把英寸换算成毫米19)a line perpendicular to the centerlines 垂直中心线的直线20)center distance between two meshed gears 两个齿轮的中心距LESSION 5(P62)1)plate cams 盘形凸轮2)cylindrical cams 圆柱凸轮3)the cam assembles in automatic record players 汽车发动机上的凸轮组件4)cam profiles 凸轮轮廓5)make a full-scale template 制造一个实体样板6)in the course of several revolutions of the cam 在凸轮中转几圈7) a tangential plate cam 切向盘形凸轮8) a translation cam 移动凸轮9)the groove in the periphery of the cam 凸轮表面的槽10)a guided vertical reciprocated follower 做垂直运动的往复件11)a constant-diameter cam 等径凸轮12)automatic washing machines13)a face cam 面凸轮14)the edge of a pivoted follow 摆动从动件的边缘15)a reciprocating knife-edged follower 作往复运动的刀口式从动件16)miniature snap-action electrical switchies 小的速动开关17)a pivoted flat-faced follower 安装在摆臂上的滚子从动件18)air pilot values19)the abrupt change in cam profile 在凸轮轮廓上的突变20)a Scotch yoke mechanism 苏格兰的克机构LESSION 6(P73)1)developing and demanding industry 一个处在发展中社会需要的产业2)propeller shaft 传动轴3)suspension components4) a sliding splined type of joint 滑动花键连接5)two rear axle shafts 两个后半轴6)to mesh with a larger bevel gear 与更大的锥齿轮啮合7)the universal joint 万向节8) a steering wheel 转向轮9)unevenness of road surfaces 路面的不平度10)the transverse line of the axle shafts 后横半轴11)to cause excessive tyre wear 造成轮胎的过度磨损12)the exactly similar diameter 直径非常接近13)quarter-elliptic leaf springs 四分之一随圆形钢板板式弹簧14)the transmission of shock 冲击15)road surface variation 路面变化16)the final-drive gears 最终传动齿轮副17)the precise alignment of shaft 精确同轴18)a rotating drum 转动筒鼓19)a hand lever 手刹杆20)be locked in the one position 被固定某一位置LESSION 8(P99)1)bulk deformation of metals 金属的变形2)forging,rolling or extruding 锻造滚压挤压3)plastic deformation 塑性变形4)impact blows 冲击5)the recrystallization point of the mental6)hot working and cold working 热加工和冷加工7)better surface finish8)hammer forging 锤锻9)striking the hot metal 锻打热金属10)a slow squeezing action 缓慢加压11)open dies and closed dies 开模和闭模12)bevel gears with traight or helical teeth 用直齿或螺旋加工锥齿轮13)impression dies 型腔模14)each of several die cavities 每一个模膛15)mass production16)a homogeneous circumferential grain fiow 均匀的周向纤维流17)the three-dimensional description 三维描述18)computer simulation 计算机仿真19)hydraulic presses 液压压力20)be rough- and finished-machined 粗加工和精加工LESSION 9(P110)1)carrying high-amperage current 携带高安培电流2)the electrode and the work-piece 电机和工件3)the weld pool 焊接熔池4) a column of ionized gas called plasma 一个列的电离气体称为等离子体5)the oxides and nitrides 氧化物和氮化物6)the positive ions 阳离子7)deleterious substances 有害物质8)the newly solidified mental 刚凝固的金属9)in overhead welding 仰焊10)current density 电流密度11)deposition rate 沉积速率12)an unbalanced magnetic field 不平横磁场13)arc blow 电弧偏吹14)the electrode coating 电极涂层15)in overhead position 在仰焊的位置16)the cooling rate of the deposited metal 沉积金属的冷却速度17)a more homogeneous microstructure 更均匀的微观结构18)a smooth flow of molten metal 顺畅熔融19)cellulosic-coated electrodes 纤维质涂层的焊条20)perpendicular to the current path 与电路垂直LESSION 10(P123)1)plain carbon steel 碳素钢2)carbon content 碳含量3)low carbon steel 低碳钢4)medium carbon steel 中碳钢5)high carbon steel 高碳钢6)be cold worked 冷加工7)be heat treated 热处理8)contain 20 point of carbon 含20%的碳9)in the hot-rolled condition 在热轧条件下10)heat-treat-hardened plain carbon steel 热处理硬化普通碳钢11)free-machining steels 易切削钢12)hot short 热脆性13)cold shortness 冷脆性14)the isothermal transformation curves 等温移动曲线15)grain refinement 细化晶粒16)stainless steel 不锈钢17)AISI steels 美国钢铁协会钢18)Iron-carbon equilibrium diagram 铁碳平衡表19)Tool and die steel 工具钢和模具钢20)High corrosion chemical resistance 高耐腐蚀和耐化学性能LESSION 11(P134)1)allotropic materials 同素异晶材料2)plain low carbon steel 普通低碳钢3)hypoeutectiod steel 亚共析钢4)normalized steel 正火钢5)hypereutectoid steel 过共析钢6)eutectoid composistion 共析钢7)grain houndaries 晶界8)ferrite matrix 铁氧体矩阵9)about 60℃about the Ac1 temperature 大约Ac1温度以上60摄氏度10)the nose of the I-T curve I-T曲线鼻共处11)cooling rate 冷却速率12)quenching shock 淬火介质13)thermal stress 热应力14)thermal shock 热冲击15)a tempered steel 回火钢16)temper brittlement 回火脆性17)in the tempering or drawing proceduce 在回火阶段18)hardened steel 硬化钢19)full annealing 充分退火20)to dissolve all the cementite 溶解渗碳体LESSION 15(P177)1)turning,facing and boring 车削,车端面和镗孔2)split nut 对开螺母3) a single setup of the workplace 工件在一次性定位安装4)headstock assembly 主轴箱组件5)tailstock assembly 尾座组件6)carriage assembly 溜板箱组件7)lead screw and feed rod 丝杠和光杆8)two sets of parallel,longitudinal ways 两组平行的导轨9)to assure accuracy of alignment 为了保证装配的精确度10)a set of transmission gears 一套传动齿轮11)the maximum size of bar stock 棒料的最大尺寸12)gear box 齿轮箱13)a V-belt or silent-chain drive V型带和无声传动装置14)carbide and ceramic tools 硬质合金和金属陶瓷刀15)the inner ways of the end 床身的内侧导轨16)tailstock quill 尾座套筒17)a graduated scale 通常情况18)in the direction normal to the axis of rotation of the work 在垂直工件旋转轴线方向19)manual movement of the carriage 托盘的手工移动20)per revolution of the spindle 主轴旋转一周LESSION 16 (P188)1) a multiple-tooth cutter 多齿铣刀2)progressive formation 逐渐成形3)in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the cutter 在垂直刀具轴线的方向4)the metal removal rate 金属切除率5)produce good surface finish 产生好的表面光洁度6)in job-shop and tool and die work7)teeth located un the periphery of the cutter body8)slab milling 板铣9)face milling 端面铣削10)up milling 逆铣11)down milling 顺铣12)the direction of feed of the workpiece 工件的进给方向13)the clamping device 夹具14)the smoothness of the generated surface 铣削表面的平整度15)the sharpness of the cutter edges 切削刃的锋利程度16)at the end of the tooth engagement17) p rofile cutters 仿形铣刀18) c arbide- and ceramic- tipped cutters 硬质合金及陶瓷-硬质合金刀具19)negative-rake-angle cutters 负倾角刀20)arbor cutters and shank cutters 乔木刀和柄刀。
材料专业英语--Lesson 4
二、单分子反应速率理论
unimolecular reaction rate theory
一分子与另一分子双分子碰撞获得能量活化,在异构化或分解 之前有一时间延续。此时间内,已获能量活化分子可能发生第 二次双分子碰撞,失去能量失活。
溶剂对反应速率的影响---笼效应(cage effect)
指反应分子在溶剂分子形成的笼中进行的多次反复的碰撞(或“振动 ”,这是指分子外部的反复移动,而不是指分子内部的振动)。
解化学键才会产生化学反应.
一、碰撞理论
collision theory
For a reaction to occur, molecules must collide. The collision frequency describes how many times a particular molecule collides with others per unit of time.
二、单分子反应速率理论
unimolecular reaction rate theory
认为单分子反应是经过相同分子间的碰撞而达到活化状态; 而获得足够能量的活化分子并不立即分解,它需要一个分子内部能量的 传递过程,以便把能量聚集到要破裂的键上去; 因此,在碰撞之后与进行反应之间出现一段停滞时间,活化分子可能进 行反应,也可能失活(deactivation)而变成普通分子,活化与去活化 之间存在一个平衡; 活化分子获得能量后即分解为产物。
一、碰撞理论
collision theory
(1)反应得以进行的先决条件是反应物分子间必须发生碰撞,分子 间碰撞的频率越高,则反应速率越快。 collision frequency
专业英语-Lesson-1
Unit 1 General Chemistry Lesson 1Inorganic Chemistry 无机化学是一门涉及化学性质和无机化合物反应的化学学科分支。
无机化学包括了所有除了那些基于链或环的碳原子的被称为有机化合物,并在有机化合物的独立标题下研究有机化学的化合物。
两学科之间的区别并不是绝对的,两者之间有许多重叠,最重要的是在有机金属化学的分支学科上。
1.主要概念无机化合物主要是盐,它是通过阴、阳离子通过离子键键合形成。
例如:阳离子钠Na+和镁Mg2+分别与阴离子氧O2—-和氯Cl-形成化合物。
盐都是电中性的,如离子化合物氧化钠Na2O或氯化镁MgCl2。
这些离子的电性可以由他们的氧化态和易于形成可以从他们母体元素中的电离电位和电子亲和力推断出来的来描述。
一类重要的无机化合物是氧化物,碳酸盐、硫酸盐和卤化物。
许多无机化合物都具有很高的熔点。
固态无机盐是典型的不良导体。
另一个重要性质是他们在水中的溶解度和容易结晶。
有些盐(例如NaCl)极易溶于水,另一些(例如二氧化硅)是不易溶于水的。
最简单的无机反应是复分解反应,即在两种盐的混合物中,离子相互交换但不发生电荷及化合价的改变。
在氧化还原反应中,氧化剂的化合价降低,还原剂的化合价升高,最终的结果是发生了。
交换电子也可以间接发生,例如电池——电化学中一个很重要的概念。
在酸碱化学中,反应物包含氢原子的反应可以通过交换质子发生。
更广泛的定义就是:在任何化学种类里能结合电子对的被称为路易斯酸,相反的,任何提供电子对的分子被称为路易斯碱。
在精细酸碱反应中,软硬酸碱理论考虑到离子的极化性和离子大小。
无机化合物存在于天然矿物质中。
例如土壤和黄铁矿中含有硫化亚铁,石膏中含有硫酸钙。
无机化合物应用于多个方面:作为生物大分子,作为电解液(氯化钠),作为储能物(ATP)或作为结构骨架(DNA 骨架中的多磷酸盐)。
最重要的人工合成的无机化合物是通过哈伯合成氨法合成的,用于土壤施肥的亚硝酸盐铵。
机械工程专业英语单词
机械工程专业英语单词文档编制序号:[KK8UY-LL9IO69-TTO6M3-MTOL89-FTT688]L e s s o n1B a s i c C o n c e p t s i n M e c h a n i c s机械学的基本概念mechanics n.力学modify v.修改,调解,变更manageable a.可控制【管理】的incline v.(使)倾斜ramp n.斜板,斜坡【道】slope v.(使)倾斜friction n.摩擦roll v.滚动multiplier n.放大器,乘法器broom n.扫帚convert v.转变【化】handle n.手柄【把】sweep v.扫荡【描】,掠过efficiency n.效率gauge vt.测【计】量,校验bearing n.轴承ideal mechanical advantage 理想的机械效益neglect vt.忽略Lesson 2 Basic Assumption in Plasticity Theory 塑性理论的基本假设assumption n.假定plasticity n.塑性investigate v.调查,研究deformation n.变形metal forming process 金属成型工艺【过程】strain (rate) n.应变【速率】strength n.强度stress n.应力yield stress 屈服应力flow stress 流动应力tensile stress 拉【伸】应力compressive stress 压【缩】应力shear stress 剪【切】应力geometry n.几何形状elastic a.弹性的springback n.回弹bending n.弯曲,折弯precision forming 精密成型tolerance n.公差continuum n.连续(体)metallurgical a.冶金(学)的grain n.晶粒dislocation n.位错(uni-,tri-,multi-)axial a.(单,三,多)轴(向)的anisotropy n.各向异性cylindrical a.圆柱体的cross-section n.横截面platen n.(工作)台板,模板coincide with 一致,相符validity n.正确有效,合法with ease 轻(而)易(举)的,很容易的Lesson 3 Optimization for Finite Element Applications有限元优化的应用optimization n.优化,优选(法)finite element 有限元iterative a.反复的,迭代的alternative .交替(的),可供选择的manual a.手动的,人工的trial-and-error 试凑法bias vt,n.(使)偏向【重、差】a desktop platform (计算机)桌面平台constrain(t) v,n.强制,约束response n.反【响】应,灵敏度parameter n.参数parametric a.参数的preprocess vt.预(先)加工,预处理mesh n,v.网格,啮合capability n.能力,性能,容量loop n.环,回路,循环pose v.提出model n.模型,样品displacement n.位移,排量,替换buckling n.弯【翘】曲,挠度factor n.因素gradient n.坡【梯】度,斜率flur n.【电,磁,热,光】通量,流量multidisciplinary a.多学科的deflection n.偏移【转,离】,挠曲Lesson 4 Metals 金属toughness n.韧性corrosion n.腐蚀dump v.倾倒,堆放recyle v.反复【循环】利用copper n.铜aluminum n.铝bronze n.青铜(器)alloy n.合金wear v.磨损metallic a.(含)金属(制)的specification n.操作规程,技术要求,说明书extract vt.提炼,萃取iron n.铁carbon n.碳ferrous a.(含)铁的ferrous metals 黑色金属lead n.铅zinc n.锌tin n.锡ore n.矿(石)mineral n,a.矿物(的)impurity n.杂质,不纯Lesson 5 Metallic and Nonmetallic Materials金属和非金属材料magnesium n.镁nickel n.镍brass n.黄铜luster n.光泽ductility n.延展性,可锻性it is likely that 很可能it is certain to (inf.)必然,一定density n.密度be distinguished from 与…区分coefficient n.系数in connection with 关于,与…相关【结合】category n.种类hardness n.硬度elasticity n.弹性beam n.横梁,一束(光)penetration n.贯穿,渗透abrasion n.磨损【耗】roll n,v.轧辊,滚,轧mill n.轧钢机,铣床spring n.弹簧permanent a.永久的rupture n.破【开】裂stamp n.冲压hammer n.(锻)锤Lesson 6 Plastics and Other Materials塑料和其他材料inorganic acid 无机酸sulphuric acid 硫酸hydrochloric acid 盐酸solvent n.溶剂carbon tetrachloride 四氯化碳rigid a,n.坚硬的,刚性(的),刚度mould(mold) n.模子,塑模,铸模decoration n.装饰fabricate vt.制造【备】,生产injection molding 注射模塑(法)blow molding 吹塑(法)compression molding 压塑(法),模压(法)extrusion n.挤压vacuum forming 真空模塑(法)powder metallurgy 粉末冶金constituent n,a.组成【的,部分】,组元simultaneously adv.同时subsequently adv.随后coherent a.互相凝聚的,协调一致的fusion n.熔化,熔接crystalline n,a.结晶【的】,晶体【的】restriction n.限制【定】,节流blend n,v.混合【物】,融合press n,v.压力机,压制homogeneous a.均匀的sinter n,vt.烧结【物】Lesson 7 Die Life and Die Failure 模具的寿命和失效die n.模具,锻【冲】模,凹模die life 模具寿命die failure 模具损坏deterioration n.变坏,退化,损耗surface finish 表面光洁度breakdown n.破坏,击穿lubrication n.润滑cracking n.裂纹breakage n.断裂mode n.方式,状态,模式thermal fatigue 热疲劳layer n.层abrasive n,a.(研)磨料(的),磨损(的)impression n.模膛,型腔(槽)heat checking 热裂纹,龟裂steep n,a.陡(坡)的,急剧的reversal n.颠倒,相反overload n,v.(使)过【超】载initiation n.开【初】始,发【产】生discrete a.不连续的,单个的variable n.变量cavity n.模膛,型槽stock n.坯料,原材料impact n,v.冲击,碰撞Lesson 8 Cold Working and Hot Working冷加工和热加工cold[hot] working 冷热加工forging n.锻造,锻件classification n.分类recrystallization n.再结晶take place 发生strain [deformation] hardening 应变【变形】硬化be referred to as 叫做,称为,被认为是warm working 温加工,温锻ultimate a,n.最终的,首要的,极限stress relieving 消除应力处理austenitic a.奥氏体的stainless steel 不锈钢annealing n.退火grain size 晶粒度solid solution 固溶体refinement n.精炼【制】,细化hazard n.危险,未知数,意外事件inherent a.固有的,先天的,本质的sensitive a.灵敏的,敏感的abnormal a.非正常的critical strain 临界应变Lesson 9 Casting 铸造casting n.铸造【件】die-casting n.模铸【件】foundry n.铸造【车间】pour v.浇注suitability n.适应性pig iron 生铁cupola n.冲天炉,化铁炉erosion n.腐蚀,(侵、烧)蚀ladle n.铁水包graphite n.石墨solidify v.(使)凝固disjoin v.拆散,分开ingot n.(钢)锭destructive a.破坏(性)的,有害的retard vt,n.(使)延缓,推迟solvent n,a.溶剂(的)copper-base alloy 铜基合金Lesson 10 Metal Forming Processes in Manufacturing 制造中的金属成形工艺machine-building 机械制造plastic working 塑性加工billet n 坯料,锻坯blank n.坯料,(冲压)板坯configuration n.外形,配置,排布stroke n.行程,冲程amortize v.阻尼,缓冲,分期偿还reliability n. 可靠性,安全性drawing n.(锻坯)拔长,【线,管材】拉拔deep drawing 深冲(压)brake forming 【压】折弯(机)成型stretch forming 张拉成型military n,a.军队【事,人】(的)consumer goods 消费品integrity n.完整性,完全(善)jet engine 喷气发动机turbine n.涡【汽】轮(机),透平(机)regarding 考虑到,关于Lesson 11 Forging锻造armor n.铠甲immortalize vt.(使)不朽(灭)blacksmith n.锻工mechanical press 机械压力机hydranlic press 液压机anvil n.(锤)砧,砧座craftsman n.技工handling n.处理,装卸,搬运flexibility n.柔(韧)性,灵活性drawn out 拔长upset n.镦粗,顶锻closed impression die 闭式模锻rapid-impact blow 快速冲击,猛打vertical a.立式的ram n.锤头,滑块,活动横梁block n.(模)块draft n.模锻斜度symmetrical a.轴对称的sizing n.整形,校正,定径drop forging 落锻,锤模锻impression die forging 模锻final forging 终锻overheat n.过热furnace n.【熔,高】炉pyrometer n.高温计Lesson 12 Benefits and Principles of Forging锻造的优点和工作原理metalworking n.金属压力加工knead v.揉搓【制】refine v.精炼【制】,细化porosity n.多孔性,疏松orient v.(使)定【取】向flow line 流线stress field 应力场manual skill 手工技巧at one’s command 自由使用,支配soundness n.致密性,坚固性,无缺陷attainable a.可达【得】到的open die forging 自由锻gross n.总共,重大confine vt. 限制,约束convert v.转变【换】,更换broken up 破【断】裂,分散microshrinkage n.显微缩孔elimination n.消除,淘汰align v.调整,对中,校直Lesson 13 Welding焊接weld(ing) v,n.焊接,熔焊pressurewelding 压力焊spotwelding 点焊buttwelding 对头(缝)焊fusionwelding 熔焊,熔接fiux-shielded arc welding 熔剂保护电弧焊diversity n.不同多样性fasten(ing) v,n.连接(件),紧固(件)shielding n.遮护,屏蔽solder(ing) v,n.软钎焊,(低温)焊料bismuth n.铋cadmium n.镉rivet n,v. 铆钉,铆接braze n,vt.硬钎焊,铜焊oxidation n.氧化flux n.焊接,助溶剂squeeze v.挤压oxy-acetylene n,a.氧(乙)炔(的)torch n.焊炬electrode n.电(焊)极,焊条filler n.填充(剂)overlap v.搭接,重叠strike v.攻【打】击,放电Lesson 14 Heat Treatment热处理heat treatment 热处理microstructure n.显微组织low-carbon steel 低碳钢prescribe v.规定,指示microscopic a.显微的,微观的spheroidizing n.球化(处理)normalizing n.正火,(正)常化annealing n.退火hardening n.淬火tempering n.回火soaking(=holding) n.均热,保温retarding media 延缓介质prolonged a.长时间的,持续很久的critical temperature 临界温度globular a.球形(状)的carbide n.碳化物,硬质合金quenching n.淬火,骤冷removal n.除去,放出Lesson 15 Introduction to Mechanism机构介绍mechanism n.机械,机构,机构学kinematic a.=kinematical 运动的,运动学的kinematic chain 运动链link n.构件,杆件. v.连接【结】definite a.确定的constrained a.约束的,限定的unconstrained a.无约束的linkage n.连杆(组,机构)joint n.结【接】台,铰链. a.连接的,联合的pin n.销【钉】,铰销revolution v.旋转,转动. n.回转体prismatic a.棱柱(形)的nonlinear a.非线性的four-bar linkage 四杆机构kinematic chain 运动链prime mover 原动者【机】,驱动件coupler n.连接件,连杆pivot n.枢(轴),轴销,回转副,旋转中心configuration n.外形,构造,结构inversion n.转换,更换slider-crank mechanism 曲柄滑块机构multiloop n.多环链,a.多回路的sketch n.草【简,示意】图,v.画草图,草拟skeleton diagram 草图,示意图,简图envision v.想象binary a.二【双,复】的,二元的ternary a.三元的ternary links 三杆组quaternary a.四元的quaternary links 四杆组cam 凸轮cam follower n.凸轮从动件gear n.齿轮sprocket n.链轮belt n.【皮,布,钢】带pulley n.带轮spherical a.球的,球面的helical a.螺旋的three-dimensional 三维的,空间的intuitively adv.直觉【观】地synthesis n.合成(法),综合kinematician n.运动学研究者(家)innate a.先天的,固有的Lesson 16 Movement Analysis 运动分析criterion n.(判断)标准,判据,准则branch n,v.分(部,支)transmission angle 传动角rock n.摆动, v.摇动oscillate v.摆动,摇动parallelogram n.平行四边形antiparallelogram n.反平行四边形frame n.机架,构架impart v.给予,分给to impart M to N 把M给Ntorque n.力矩,扭矩dynamic a.=dynamical 动力的,动力学的inertia n.惯性(物),惯量static a.=statical 静力【学】的,静的index n.指数,指标friction n.摩擦thumb n.拇指,v.用拇指翻rule of thumb 根据经验和实际所得的做法matrix n.矩阵determinant n.行列式derivative n.导数derivative of M with respect to N M对于N的导数movability n.可动性,易动性parameter n.参数discount v.打折扣,忽视absolute a.绝对的graphical a.图形的,图解的polygon n.多边形theorem n.定理stress n.应力bearing n.轴承centripetal a.向心的Lesson 17 Kinematic Synthesis运动的综合packaging machinery 包装机械lubrication n.润滑specification n.技术要求actuation n.驱动jerk n.震动,冲击axis n.轴【线,心】,中心线contour n.外形,轮廓线eccentricity n.偏心【度,率】gear ration 齿轮【速,齿数】比topologically adv.拓扑学地customary a.通常的,习惯的correlate v.使相关,使发生关系analog n.=analogue 类似(物),模拟linear analog 线性模拟second acceleration 二阶加速度higher acceleration 高阶加速度paraphrase v.释义,意译describe v.叙述,描述,作…运动category n.种类,类别deliberation n.慎重考虑province n.省,领域preconceive v.预想,事先想好analog computer 模拟计算机trace v.追踪,描画timing n.定时,计时,配时pitch v.投掷trajectory n.轨迹embed v.嵌入,夹在层间orientation n.(定)方位,(取)方向scoop n.勺子,铲斗, v.挖,掘,铲Lesson 18 Cams and Gears凸轮和齿轮cam n.凸轮gear n.齿轮curve n.曲线 a.弯曲的groove n.槽,沟mate v.配合,啮合cylindrical a.圆柱的two-dimensional or planer 两维的或平面的three-dimensional or spatial 三维的或空间的normal n.法线 a.垂直的complement n,a.余角,余的collinear a.共线的lateral a.横向的,侧向的stem n.杆guide n.导向件【器,装置】,导槽(座)intermittent a.间断的,不连续的dwell n,v.停止,小停顿inertial a.惯性的,惯量的engage v.啮合rack n.齿条noncircular a.非圆的conjugate a.共轭的,n.共轭值(线)cycloidal a.摆线的involved a.渐开线的, n.渐开线tolerance n.间隙,公差spur gear 直齿圆柱轮radial a.径向的,沿半径的offset n,vt.偏移,偏心 a.偏心的disk cam 盘形凸轮tangent n.切线 a.相切的,切线的concentric a.同圆(的),同心(的)camshaft n.凸轮轴pitch curve 节线herringbone a.人字形的intersect v.横穿,相交parallel helical gear斜齿轮,平行轴螺旋齿轮crossed helical gear 交错轴螺旋齿轮face gear 端面齿轮spiral bevel gear 螺旋齿圆锥齿轮worm n.蜗杆skew bevel 斜齿圆锥齿轮hypoid gear 准双曲面(直角交错轴双曲面)齿轮addendum n.齿顶,齿顶高project v.伸出,突出clearance n.间隙dedendum (pl. dedenda)n.齿根,齿根高tooth space 齿间距backlash n.间隙,齿隙Lesson 19 Screws, fasteners and joints螺纹件、紧固件和联接件screw n.螺钉,螺丝, v.旋紧,攻丝fastener n.紧固件joint n.连【联】接,接合bolt n.螺栓nut n.螺母cap screw 有头螺钉setscrew n.定位【固定,调整】螺钉rivet n.铆钉, v.用铆钉铆接key n.键weld n,v.焊接,熔焊braze n,v.钎焊,铜焊clip n.夹子, v.夹住,夹紧synonymous a.同意义的monotonous a.单调的taint n.污点,污染 v.弄脏tough a.坚韧的ductile a.可延伸的,有延展性的,韧性的tighten v.上紧,拉紧twist v.扭转jumbo n.大型喷气式客机titanium n.钛close-tolerance 高精密度的tooling n.工具,刀具 v.用刀具(切削)加工proliferate v.增殖,增殖assembly n.安装,装配,组件tap n.丝锥, v.攻螺丝stud n.双头螺栓resemble v.类似,像thread n.螺纹(线),v.车螺纹drill n,v.钻孔hexagon head 六角头fillister n.凹槽flat head 平头hexagon socket head 六角沉头disassemble v.拆开tensile a.拉【张】力的,受拉的shear n.剪切【力】 v.剪切【断】harden v.使硬【化】washer n.垫圈preload n.预载荷fatigue n.疲劳micrometer n.千分尺,千分表elongation n.拉【伸】长modulus n.模数,模量wrench n.扳手dial n.刻度盘fractional a.分数的,小数的Lesson 21 Helical, Worm and Bevel Gears斜齿轮、蜗杆蜗轮和锥齿轮helical gear 斜齿轮worm n.蜗杆,螺杆bevel gear 圆锥齿轮helix n,a.(pl. helices 或 helixes)螺旋线,螺旋线的right hand 右手,右旋的helicoid .螺旋【面,体】,螺旋(状,纹)的wrap v.缠绕unwind v.解开,展开generate v.产生,展成(加工)engagement n.啮合,接触diagonal n,a.对角线(的)objectionable a.该反对的,不能采用的spiral n,a. 螺旋线(的),卷线(的)spiral gear 螺旋齿轮mesh n.啮合worm gear 蜗轮pinion n.小齿轮pitch cylinder 节圆柱concave a.中凹的curvature a.曲率screw-like 像螺丝(杆)的thread n.线状物,螺纹线envelop v.包围,封闭enclose v.包围lead angle 导角cast v.铸造mill v.铣削outboard a,ad.外侧的,向外pronounced a.明确的,显着的stress n.应力tapered a.锥形的positively ad.确定地,强制(传动)地Pitch-line velocity 节线速度automobile differential 汽车差速器gearing n.齿轮传动(装置)offset n.偏置,横距hypoid a.准双曲面的hyperboloid n.双曲面,双曲面体Lesson 22 Shafts, Clutches and Brakes轴、离合器和制动器shaft n.轴clutch n.离合器brake n.制动器pulley n.(皮,胶)带轮flywheel n.飞轮sprocket n.链轮,星轮bending moment 弯曲力矩torsional a.扭转的static a.静(力,态)的axle n.心轴,轮轴spindle n.心轴,主轴deflection n.偏移,弯曲fillet n.圆角,倒角peening n.喷射(加工硬化法)shot peening 喷丸硬化stiff a.刚性的inertia n.惯性,惯量slippage n.滑动actuation n.驱动,开动coefficient n.系数statics n.静力学rim n.边缘,轮缘shoe n.闸瓦,制动片【块】band n.带,条cone n.圆锥miscellaneous a.(混)合的,杂项的assume v.假设,承担statical a.=static,静态的equilibrium n.平衡reaction n.反应,反力overload-release clutch 超载释放(保护)离合器magnetic fluid clutch 磁液离合器shift v.变换,(使)移动lever n.杆,(手)柄jaw n.颚板,夹爪ratchet n.棘轮circumferentiallyad v.周围地,圆周地mate v.配合,啮合,联接synchronous a.同步的linear drive 线性驱动装置clicking n.‘卡塔’声freewheel v.空转coupling n.联轴器sleeve n.套筒flat n.平面(部分) a.平的periphery n.圆周,周边wedge n.楔(形物) v.楔入pawl n.棘爪powder n.粉末mixture n.混合物electromagnetic a.电磁的coil n.线圈excitation n.刺激,激励shearing a.剪切的lockup n.锁住Lesson 41 Definition of Robotics and the Robot Systemmanipulator n.操作器,控制器,机械手peripheral a.周围的,外围的idiot n.白痴integrate v.使成为一体,使结合起来hard automation 刚性自动化a host of 许多Lesson 42 Basics of Computers(I)execute v.执行binary a.二进制的read only memory (ROM) 只读存储器random access memory (RAM)读写存储器,随机存储器erasable a.可擦去的volatile a.可丢失的Lesson 43 Basics of Computers(二)harsh a.恶劣的robust a.稳定的configuration n.结构,组态Morse Code 莫尔斯电码suffice v.足够interference n.干扰fluctuation n.脉动,波动expendable a.可消耗的intermediate a.中间的adaptor n.转换器transformer n.变压器rectifier n.整流器capacitor n.电容器Zener diode 齐纳(稳压)二极管buffer n.缓冲寄存器come across 碰到Baud rate 波特率Lesson 44 Programmable Controllersalbeit conj.虽然light-emitting diodes 发光二极管relay ladder logic 继电器梯形逻辑图archaically a.古体的,旧式的retention n.保留,保持versed a.熟练的,精通的fluidics n.射流sheer a.完全的,绝对的profligate a.浪费的proprietary a.专利的,专有的boolean expression 布尔表达式Lesson 45 CAD/CAMComputed-aided design(CAD) n.计算机辅助设计Computed-aided manufacturing(CAM) n.计算机辅助制造automatic factory n.自动化工厂drafting n.制图Computer-aided engineering n.计算机辅助工程management information systems n.管理信息系统graphics terminal n.图像终端a shared data base n.公用数据库three-dimensional a.三维的keyboard n.键盘lightpen=light pen n.光笔magnify v.放大flip v,n.翻转copy v.拷贝a mirror image 镜像symmetrical a.对称的artwork n.印刷线路原图Geometric modeling n.几何模型制造kinematics n.运动学Lesson 48 Flexible Manufacturing Systemsfexible manufacturing systems(FMS)柔性制造系统flexible manufacturing celles(FMC) 柔性制造单元automated guided vehicles 自动搬运小车conveyor n.传送装置pallet loading and unloadingcarts 上下料小车part program 零件程序data base 数据库data processing networks 数据处理网络inspection program 检测程序robot program 自动机程序real-time control data 实时控制数据the Control hierarchy 控制层次real-time fault recovery 实时故障恢复unmanned operation 无人化操作chip removel 排屑module n.模块,组件intelligent node智能节点。
专业英语翻译 第二课
LESSON 2Properties of Materials材料的特性The properties of a material are those characteristics that help modify and distinguish one material from another.材料的特性是变更和区分一种材料和另一种材料的特征。
All properties are observable and most can be measured quantitatively.所有的特性都是可见的,而且大多数是可以定量测量的。
Properties are classified into two main groups, physical and chemical properties材料特性可分为物理特性和化学特性两大类。
Physical properties involve no change in the composition of the material .物理特性指的是材料成分不发生改变的特性。
Chemical properties are associated with the transformation of one material into another化学特性指的是能够结合一种材料变成另外一种材料的特性。
.Physical properties are, in turn, arbitrarily subdivided into many categories.物理特性,可以被任意地分为许多种类。
These subdivisions bear names such as mechanical, metallurgical , fabrication ,general ,magnetic ,electrical thermal ,optical , thermonuclear ,and electro-optical.这些细类名称包括机械特性,冶金特性,装配特性,通用特性,磁性特性,电子特性Regardless of the name of subdivision ,physical properties result from the response of the materials to some environmental variable ,such as a mechanical force, a temperature change, or an electro-magnetic field. In the following, the mechanical property of materials will be discussed.这些特性是由于材料在环境变化下形成的反应而产生,比如机械力,温度的改变,电磁场。
专业英语课后单词
专业英语单词Part 1 Lesson 1pry / v.探查, 撬 fulcrum / n.杠杆的支点, 支点, 叶附属物seesaw / n.秋千,跷跷板 henge / n. 圆形石结构,圆形木结构topple / v.倾倒 domestication / n.驯养, 驯服, 教化chariot / n.战车 block and tackle / n.[机]滑轮, 滑车设备splitting / adj.爆裂似的, 极快的manipulate / vt.(熟练地)操作, 使用(机器等),巧妙地处理clover / n.[植]三叶草, 苜蓿 valve / n.阀, [英] 电子管, 真空管pivot / n.枢轴, 支点, 重点adj.枢轴的vi.在枢轴上转动vt.装枢轴于cushion / n.垫子, 软垫, 衬垫v.加衬垫, 减小振动,缓冲ratchet / n. (防倒转的)棘齿 ratchet mechanism 棘轮机构, 棘轮传动装置Part 1 Lesson 2Locomotive 机头,火车头,运动的prime 原动力,发动者,原动机Turbine 涡轮windmill 风车,风车房,旋转文具。
使旋转,做风车般旋转waterwheel 水车,吊水车Alternating current 交流电exert 尽力,施力,努力,发挥,竭尽全力Linear 线的,直线的,线性的reciprocating 往复的,来回的,交替的,互换的,摆动的torque 扭矩,转矩Torsion 扭矩,转矩twisting motion 扭转运动Piston 活塞瓣foot-pound 英尺,磅Joule 焦耳Part 1 Lesson3Emission ( 光热)散发,发射,喷射tried 经过试验的,可靠的Petroleum 是油kerosene 煤油,火油Genuinely 真诚地,诚实地marketable 适合销售的Vaporize 使蒸发carburetor 汽化器Suction stroke 吸气冲程ignite 电火,点燃Spark plug 激励,倡导,领导,火花塞spark off 导致Expel 驱逐,开除,排除,发射ingenuity 机灵,独创性,精巧,灵活性Benzene 汽油Part 1 Lesson4charge / n.负荷, 费用, 掌管, 充电, 充气, 装料v.装满, 控诉, 指示,收费thermodynamic / adj.热力学的, 使用热动力的thermal efficiency 热效率necessitate / v.成为必要millisecond / n.毫秒volatile / adj.飞行的, 挥发性的,不稳定的,轻快的,爆炸性的n.挥发物hp /abbr. 马力(horsepower) nonreversible /adj. 不可逆的, 不反转的supercharge / vt. 增加负荷, 用增压器增压intrinsic / adj.(指价值、性质)固有的, 内在的, 本质的scavenging 净化, 清除crankcase compression 曲轴箱压缩,在曲轴箱(腔)内升高压力centrifugal / adj.离心的blower / n.吹制工, 送风机, 吹风机, 增压器turbulence / n.骚乱, 动荡, (液体或气体的)紊乱sacrifice / n. v.牺牲, 献身, 损失, 供奉exclusively / adv.无例外地, 仅仅poppet / n.提升阀, [口]乖孩子jacketing / n.套筒accommodation / n.住处, 膳宿,适应调节, 迁就融合,配合Part 1 Lesson5induction coil 感应线圈,电感器magneto / n.磁发电机compact / adj.紧凑的, 紧密的, 简洁的n.契约, 合同, belling 扩成喇叭形的tap / n.轻打, 活栓, 水龙头vt.轻打,敲打出,分接, 使流出, 攻螺纹于vi.轻叩breaker / n.断路器brass plate 黄铜铭牌bakelite / n.酚醛塑料, 人造树胶, 胶木, 电木insulate / vt.使绝缘, 隔离capacitor / n.(=capacitator)电容器condenser / n.冷凝器, 电容器reservoir / n.水库, 蓄水池manifold / n. 多种adj.多种形式的, 许多部分的, 多方面的vt.复写diaphragm / n.[解] 横隔膜,膜片,控光装置, (电话等)振动膜Part 1 Lesson6coaxial / adj.同轴的, 共轴的engaged / adj.忙碌的, 使用中的disengaged / adj.自由的, 闲散的, 空闲的immersed / 浸入的, 沉入的, 沉思的centrifugal / adj.离心的vane / n.[气]风向标, 风信旗, 变化不定的事物, (风车、螺旋桨等的)翼, 叶片 wedging action 楔作用 conical / adj.圆锥的, 圆锥形的 coefficient / n.[数]系数 cork / n.软木塞, 软木, (用塞子)塞住 asbestos / n.[矿]石棉 flywheel / n.调速轮spline / n.方栓, 齿条, 止转楔, 花键vt.用花键联接,开键槽buffer / n.缓冲器 diaphragm spring 折棚[膜片]弹簧 casing / n.包装, 保护性的外套impeller / n.推进者, 叶轮turbulence / n.骚乱, 动荡, (液体或气体的)紊乱rev / n.一次回转, (每分钟的)转速v.加快转速take-up 拉紧,接合take-off 脱离,松开bob / v.上下或来回的动n.振动, 短发, 振子锤pivot / n.枢轴, 支点, 重点adj.枢轴的vi.在枢轴上转动vt.装枢轴于 annular / adj.环的, 环形的, 有环纹的Part 1 Lesson7Inertia 惯性,惯量Jerky 急拉的,急动的。
英语专业基础英语精读Lesson 1 Your College Years (final)
Key Patterns
It occurs to sb. that…/sth occurs to sb 想到 It dawns on sb that…/sth dawns on sb 明白/认识到
living with others – cooperate, reconcile, mutual understanding/love/respect becoming psychologically independent taking care of oneself handling one’s own finance; making one’s own decisions – strive to be determined
Realize认识,明白 Imagine想象,设想
perceive Understand明白,了解 Work out想出,解决
conceive (of)
Consider考虑,认为 Be pregnant怀孕
Choose the word: perceive/conceive
perceived 1) He __________ that he could not make his daughter change her mind. conceived 2) He __________ of the beautifully simple idea. perceive 3) Do you __________ what I mean here? conceive 4) He could never _________ of such a thing happening to himself. conceive 5) People used to __________ of disease as a punishment for sin. conceived 6) The Wright brothers __________ the design of the first successful motor-powered plane.
包装专业英语翻译
Lesson 6 Medical Device Packaging1 Medical-device packaging fitting the prescription faces more demands thana doctor with an overflowing waiting room.(医疗器械包装的规定面临着比候诊室人满为患的医生更高的要求。
) Its performance is literally a matter of life and death .(其性能逐渐成为一个生死攸关的问题) It has to withstand being gassed , steamed or zapped with powerful radiation ,and come out nit only being , but looking , antiseptically pure---even if it sits on a shelf for years.(它必须能抵御毒气,蒸汽或防强大的辐射,即使在货架上多年,它不仅要无菌纯洁,而且看起来清洁纯净。
)On top of that , these days medical-device packaging is subject to two sweeping social concerns : the state of the environment and the debate over the cost and availability of health care .(总而言之,现代医疗设备包装受到广泛的社会关注:国家的环境和医疗保健成本和可用性的辩论。
)‘Medical-device makers are like everyone else,’ says Rich Partlow , vice presidents of sales and marketing for Plastofilm Industries Inc.(Rich Partlow,为Plastofilm工业公司的市场营销部副总裁说:“医疗设备制造商和其他人一样,)‘When everyone starts screaming about costs , they’re going to start looking at their supplier and they’re going to start looking internally.’(当其他人开始抱怨成本时,他们将开始关注于医疗器械公司的材料供应商,他们将注重从内部找原因。
包装盒专业英语2
The product’s physical form:
mobile fluid gas/fluid mixture free-flowing discrete items viscous fluid granular material non-free-flowing powder multicomponent mix solid/fluid mixture paste solid unit
Unit load: A number of distribution packages bound together
and unitized into a single entity for purposes of mechanical handling, storage, and shipping.
Lesson 2
Packaging Functions
第2课 包装的功能
content
英语专业高英课程LessonAROSEFOREMILY
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• All this time, he had been reading, first whatever interested him, and later, th e g reat po ets and no velists. I n New Yo rk , Faulkn er met Sh erwood And erso n, a famous writer, and then when he traveled to New Orleans in 1925 he gained entry into this artistic center through Anderson. Inspired by Anderson, Faulkner began to write novels.
(完整版)机械工程专业英语单词
Lesson 1 Basic Concepts in Mechanics机械学的基本概念mechanics n.力学modify v.修改,调解,变更manageable a.可控制【管理】的incline v.(使)倾斜ramp n.斜板,斜坡【道】slope v.(使)倾斜friction n.摩擦roll v.滚动multiplier n.放大器,乘法器broom n.扫帚convert v.转变【化】handle n.手柄【把】sweep v.扫荡【描】,掠过efficiency n.效率gauge vt.测【计】量,校验bearing n.轴承ideal mechanical advantage 理想的机械效益neglect vt.忽略Lesson 2 Basic Assumption in Plasticity Theory 塑性理论的基本假设assumption n.假定plasticity n.塑性investigate v.调查,研究deformation n.变形metal forming process 金属成型工艺【过程】strain (rate) n.应变【速率】strength n.强度stress n.应力yield stress 屈服应力flow stress 流动应力tensile stress 拉【伸】应力compressive stress 压【缩】应力shear stress 剪【切】应力geometry n.几何形状elastic a.弹性的springback n.回弹bending n.弯曲,折弯precision forming 精密成型tolerance n.公差continuum n.连续(体)metallurgical a.冶金(学)的grain n.晶粒dislocation n.位错(uni-,tri-,multi-)axial a.(单,三,多)轴(向)的anisotropy n.各向异性cylindrical a.圆柱体的cross-section n.横截面platen n.(工作)台板,模板coincide with 一致,相符validity n.正确有效,合法with ease 轻(而)易(举)的,很容易的Lesson 3 Optimization for Finite Element Applications有限元优化的应用optimization n.优化,优选(法)finite element 有限元iterative a.反复的,迭代的alternative n.a.交替(的),可供选择的manual a.手动的,人工的trial-and-error 试凑法bias vt,n.(使)偏向【重、差】a desktop platform (计算机)桌面平台constrain(t) v,n.强制,约束response n.反【响】应,灵敏度parameter n.参数parametric a.参数的preprocess vt.预(先)加工,预处理mesh n,v.网格,啮合capability n.能力,性能,容量loop n.环,回路,循环pose v.提出model n.模型,样品displacement n.位移,排量,替换buckling n.弯【翘】曲,挠度factor n.因素gradient n.坡【梯】度,斜率flur n.【电,磁,热,光】通量,流量multidisciplinary a.多学科的deflection n.偏移【转,离】,挠曲Lesson 4 Metals 金属toughness n.韧性corrosion n.腐蚀dump v.倾倒,堆放recyle v.反复【循环】利用copper n.铜aluminum n.铝bronze n.青铜(器)alloy n.合金wear v.磨损metallic a.(含)金属(制)的specification n.操作规程,技术要求,说明书extract vt.提炼,萃取iron n.铁carbon n.碳ferrous a.(含)铁的ferrous metals 黑色金属lead n.铅zinc n.锌tin n.锡ore n.矿(石)mineral n,a.矿物(的)impurity n.杂质,不纯Lesson 5 Metallic and Nonmetallic Materials金属和非金属材料magnesium n.镁nickel n.镍brass n.黄铜luster n.光泽ductility n.延展性,可锻性it is likely that 很可能it is certain to (inf.)必然,一定density n.密度be distinguished from 与…区分coefficient n.系数in connection with 关于,与…相关【结合】category n.种类hardness n.硬度elasticity n.弹性beam n.横梁,一束(光)penetration n.贯穿,渗透abrasion n.磨损【耗】roll n,v.轧辊,滚,轧mill n.轧钢机,铣床spring n.弹簧permanent a.永久的rupture n.破【开】裂stamp n.冲压hammer n.(锻)锤Lesson 6 Plastics and Other Materials塑料和其他材料inorganic acid 无机酸sulphuric acid 硫酸hydrochloric acid 盐酸solvent n.溶剂carbon tetrachloride 四氯化碳rigid a,n.坚硬的,刚性(的),刚度mould(mold) n.模子,塑模,铸模decoration n.装饰fabricate vt.制造【备】,生产injection molding 注射模塑(法)blow molding 吹塑(法)compression molding 压塑(法),模压(法)extrusion n.挤压vacuum forming 真空模塑(法)powder metallurgy 粉末冶金constituent n,a.组成【的,部分】,组元simultaneously adv.同时subsequently adv.随后coherent a.互相凝聚的,协调一致的fusion n.熔化,熔接crystalline n,a.结晶【的】,晶体【的】restriction n.限制【定】,节流blend n,v.混合【物】,融合press n,v.压力机,压制homogeneous a.均匀的sinter n,vt.烧结【物】Lesson 7 Die Life and Die Failure模具的寿命和失效die n.模具,锻【冲】模,凹模die life 模具寿命die failure 模具损坏deterioration n.变坏,退化,损耗surface finish 表面光洁度breakdown n.破坏,击穿lubrication n.润滑cracking n.裂纹breakage n.断裂mode n.方式,状态,模式thermal fatigue 热疲劳layer n.层abrasive n,a.(研)磨料(的),磨损(的)impression n.模膛,型腔(槽)heat checking 热裂纹,龟裂steep n,a.陡(坡)的,急剧的reversal n.颠倒,相反overload n,v.(使)过【超】载initiation n.开【初】始,发【产】生discrete a.不连续的,单个的variable n.变量cavity n.模膛,型槽stock n.坯料,原材料impact n,v.冲击,碰撞Lesson 8 Cold Working and Hot Working冷加工和热加工cold[hot] working 冷热加工forging n.锻造,锻件classification n.分类recrystallization n.再结晶take place 发生strain [deformation] hardening 应变【变形】硬化be referred to as 叫做,称为,被认为是warm working 温加工,温锻ultimate a,n.最终的,首要的,极限stress relieving 消除应力处理austenitic a.奥氏体的stainless steel 不锈钢annealing n.退火grain size 晶粒度solid solution 固溶体refinement n.精炼【制】,细化hazard n.危险,未知数,意外事件inherent a.固有的,先天的,本质的sensitive a.灵敏的,敏感的abnormal a.非正常的critical strain 临界应变Lesson 9 Casting 铸造casting n.铸造【件】die-casting n.模铸【件】foundry n.铸造【车间】pour v.浇注suitability n.适应性pig iron 生铁cupola n.冲天炉,化铁炉erosion n.腐蚀,(侵、烧)蚀ladle n.铁水包graphite n.石墨solidify v.(使)凝固disjoin v.拆散,分开ingot n.(钢)锭destructive a.破坏(性)的,有害的retard vt,n.(使)延缓,推迟solvent n,a.溶剂(的)copper-base alloy 铜基合金Lesson 10 Metal Forming Processes in Manufacturing 制造中的金属成形工艺machine-building 机械制造plastic working 塑性加工billet n 坯料,锻坯blank n.坯料,(冲压)板坯configuration n.外形,配置,排布stroke n.行程,冲程amortize v.阻尼,缓冲,分期偿还reliability n. 可靠性,安全性drawing n.(锻坯)拔长,【线,管材】拉拔deep drawing 深冲(压)brake forming 【压】折弯(机)成型stretch forming 张拉成型military n,a.军队【事,人】(的)consumer goods 消费品integrity n.完整性,完全(善)jet engine 喷气发动机turbine n.涡【汽】轮(机),透平(机)regarding 考虑到,关于Lesson 11 Forging锻造armor n.铠甲immortalize vt.(使)不朽(灭)blacksmith n.锻工mechanical press 机械压力机hydranlic press 液压机anvil n.(锤)砧,砧座craftsman n.技工handling n.处理,装卸,搬运flexibility n.柔(韧)性,灵活性drawn out 拔长upset n.镦粗,顶锻closed impression die 闭式模锻rapid-impact blow 快速冲击,猛打vertical a.立式的ram n.锤头,滑块,活动横梁block n.(模)块draft n.模锻斜度symmetrical a.轴对称的sizing n.整形,校正,定径drop forging 落锻,锤模锻impression die forging 模锻final forging 终锻overheat n.过热furnace n.【熔,高】炉pyrometer n.高温计Lesson 12 Benefits and Principles of Forging锻造的优点和工作原理metalworking n.金属压力加工knead v.揉搓【制】refine v.精炼【制】,细化porosity n.多孔性,疏松orient v.(使)定【取】向flow line 流线stress field 应力场manual skill 手工技巧at one’s command 自由使用,支配soundness n.致密性,坚固性,无缺陷attainable a.可达【得】到的open die forging 自由锻gross n.总共,重大confine vt. 限制,约束convert v.转变【换】,更换broken up 破【断】裂,分散microshrinkage n.显微缩孔elimination n.消除,淘汰align v.调整,对中,校直Lesson 13 Welding焊接weld(ing) v,n.焊接,熔焊pressurewelding 压力焊spotwelding 点焊buttwelding 对头(缝)焊fusionwelding 熔焊,熔接fiux-shielded arc welding 熔剂保护电弧焊diversity n.不同多样性fasten(ing) v,n.连接(件),紧固(件)shielding n.遮护,屏蔽solder(ing) v,n.软钎焊,(低温)焊料bismuth n.铋cadmium n.镉rivet n,v.铆钉,铆接braze n,vt.硬钎焊,铜焊oxidation n.氧化flux n.焊接,助溶剂squeeze v.挤压oxy-acetylene n,a.氧(乙)炔(的)torch n.焊炬electrode n.电(焊)极,焊条filler n.填充(剂)overlap v.搭接,重叠strike v.攻【打】击,放电Lesson 14 Heat Treatment热处理heat treatment 热处理microstructure n.显微组织low-carbon steel 低碳钢prescribe v.规定,指示microscopic a.显微的,微观的spheroidizing n.球化(处理)normalizing n.正火,(正)常化annealing n.退火hardening n.淬火tempering n.回火soaking(=holding) n.均热,保温retarding media 延缓介质prolonged a.长时间的,持续很久的critical temperature 临界温度globular a.球形(状)的carbide n.碳化物,硬质合金quenching n.淬火,骤冷removal n.除去,放出Lesson 15 Introduction to Mechanism机构介绍mechanism n.机械,机构,机构学kinematic a.=kinematical 运动的,运动学的kinematic chain 运动链link n.构件,杆件. v.连接【结】definite a.确定的constrained a.约束的,限定的unconstrained a.无约束的linkage n.连杆(组,机构)joint n.结【接】台,铰链. a.连接的,联合的pin n.销【钉】,铰销revolution v.旋转,转动. n.回转体prismatic a.棱柱(形)的nonlinear a.非线性的four-bar linkage 四杆机构kinematic chain 运动链prime mover 原动者【机】,驱动件coupler n.连接件,连杆pivot n.枢(轴),轴销,回转副,旋转中心configuration n.外形,构造,结构inversion n.转换,更换slider-crank mechanism 曲柄滑块机构multiloop n.多环链,a.多回路的sketch n.草【简,示意】图,v.画草图,草拟skeleton diagram 草图,示意图,简图envision v.想象binary a.二【双,复】的,二元的ternary a.三元的ternary links 三杆组quaternary a.四元的quaternary links 四杆组cam 凸轮cam follower n.凸轮从动件gear n.齿轮sprocket n.链轮belt n.【皮,布,钢】带pulley n.带轮spherical a.球的,球面的helical a.螺旋的three-dimensional 三维的,空间的intuitively adv.直觉【观】地synthesis n.合成(法),综合kinematician n.运动学研究者(家)innate a.先天的,固有的Lesson 16 Movement Analysis 运动分析criterion(pl.criteria) n.(判断)标准,判据,准则branch n,v.分(部,支)transmission angle 传动角rock n.摆动,v.摇动oscillate v.摆动,摇动parallelogram n.平行四边形antiparallelogram n.反平行四边形frame n.机架,构架impart v.给予,分给to impart M to N 把M给Ntorque n.力矩,扭矩dynamic a.=dynamical 动力的,动力学的inertia n.惯性(物),惯量static a.=statical 静力【学】的,静的index n.指数,指标friction n.摩擦thumb n.拇指,v.用拇指翻rule of thumb 根据经验和实际所得的做法matrix n.矩阵determinant n.行列式derivative n.导数derivative of M with respect to N M对于N的导数movability n.可动性,易动性parameter n.参数discount v.打折扣,忽视absolute a.绝对的graphical a.图形的,图解的polygon n.多边形theorem n.定理stress n.应力bearing n.轴承centripetal a.向心的Lesson 17 Kinematic Synthesis运动的综合packaging machinery 包装机械lubrication n.润滑specification n.技术要求actuation n.驱动jerk n.震动,冲击axis n.(pl.axes)轴【线,心】,中心线contour n.外形,轮廓线eccentricity n.偏心【度,率】gear ration 齿轮【速,齿数】比topologically adv.拓扑学地customary a.通常的,习惯的correlate v.使相关,使发生关系analog n.=analogue 类似(物),模拟linear analog 线性模拟second acceleration 二阶加速度higher acceleration 高阶加速度paraphrase v.释义,意译describe v.叙述,描述,作…运动category n.种类,类别deliberation n.慎重考虑province n.省,领域preconceive v.预想,事先想好analog computer 模拟计算机trace v.追踪,描画timing n.定时,计时,配时pitch v.投掷trajectory n.轨迹embed v.嵌入,夹在层间orientation n.(定)方位,(取)方向scoop n.勺子,铲斗,v.挖,掘,铲Lesson 18 Cams and Gears凸轮和齿轮cam n.凸轮gear n.齿轮curve n.曲线a.弯曲的groove n.槽,沟mate v.配合,啮合cylindrical a.圆柱的two-dimensional or planer 两维的或平面的three-dimensional or spatial 三维的或空间的normal n.法线a.垂直的complement n,a.余角,余的collinear a.共线的lateral a.横向的,侧向的stem n.杆guide n.导向件【器,装置】,导槽(座)intermittent a.间断的,不连续的dwell n,v.停止,小停顿inertial a.惯性的,惯量的engage v.啮合rack n.齿条noncircular a.非圆的conjugate a.共轭的,n.共轭值(线)cycloidal a.摆线的involved a.渐开线的,n.渐开线tolerance n.间隙,公差spur gear 直齿圆柱轮radial a.径向的,沿半径的offset n,vt.偏移,偏心a.偏心的disk cam 盘形凸轮tangent n.切线a.相切的,切线的concentric a.同圆(的),同心(的)camshaft n.凸轮轴pitch curve 节线herringbone a.人字形的intersect v.横穿,相交parallel helical gear斜齿轮,平行轴螺旋齿轮crossed helical gear 交错轴螺旋齿轮face gear 端面齿轮spiral bevel gear 螺旋齿圆锥齿轮worm n.蜗杆skew bevel 斜齿圆锥齿轮hypoid gear 准双曲面(直角交错轴双曲面)齿轮addendum (pl.addenda) n.齿顶,齿顶高project v.伸出,突出clearance n.间隙dedendum (pl. dedenda)n.齿根,齿根高tooth space 齿间距backlash n.间隙,齿隙Lesson 19 Screws, fasteners and joints螺纹件、紧固件和联接件screw n.螺钉,螺丝,v.旋紧,攻丝fastener n.紧固件joint n.连【联】接,接合bolt n.螺栓nut n.螺母cap screw 有头螺钉setscrew n.定位【固定,调整】螺钉rivet n.铆钉,v.用铆钉铆接key n.键weld n,v.焊接,熔焊braze n,v.钎焊,铜焊clip n.夹子,v.夹住,夹紧synonymous a.同意义的monotonous a.单调的taint n.污点,污染v.弄脏tough a.坚韧的ductile a.可延伸的,有延展性的,韧性的tighten v.上紧,拉紧twist v.扭转jumbo n.大型喷气式客机titanium n.钛close-tolerance 高精密度的tooling n.工具,刀具v.用刀具(切削)加工proliferate v.增殖,增殖assembly n.安装,装配,组件tap n.丝锥,v.攻螺丝stud n.双头螺栓resemble v.类似,像thread n.螺纹(线),v.车螺纹drill n,v.钻孔hexagon head 六角头fillister n.凹槽flat head 平头hexagon socket head 六角沉头disassemble v.拆开tensile a.拉【张】力的,受拉的shear n.剪切【力】v.剪切【断】harden v.使硬【化】washer n.垫圈preload n.预载荷fatigue n.疲劳micrometer n.千分尺,千分表elongation n.拉【伸】长modulus n.(pl.moduli)模数,模量wrench n.扳手dial n.刻度盘fractional a.分数的,小数的Lesson 21 Helical, Worm and Bevel Gears斜齿轮、蜗杆蜗轮和锥齿轮helical gear 斜齿轮worm n.蜗杆,螺杆bevel gear 圆锥齿轮helix n,a.(pl. helices 或helixes)螺旋线,螺旋线的right hand 右手,右旋的helicoid n.a.螺旋【面,体】,螺旋(状,纹)的wrap v.缠绕unwind v.解开,展开generate v.产生,展成(加工)engagement n.啮合,接触diagonal n,a.对角线(的)objectionable a.该反对的,不能采用的spiral n,a. 螺旋线(的),卷线(的)spiral gear 螺旋齿轮mesh n.啮合worm gear 蜗轮pinion n.小齿轮pitch cylinder 节圆柱concave a.中凹的curvature a.曲率screw-like 像螺丝(杆)的thread n.线状物,螺纹线envelop v.包围,封闭enclose v.包围lead angle 导角cast v.铸造mill v.铣削outboard a,ad.外侧的,向外pronounced a.明确的,显著的stress n.应力tapered a.锥形的positively ad.确定地,强制(传动)地Pitch-line velocity 节线速度automobile differential 汽车差速器gearing n.齿轮传动(装置)offset n.偏置,横距hypoid a.准双曲面的hyperboloid n.双曲面,双曲面体Lesson 22 Shafts, Clutches and Brakes轴、离合器和制动器shaft n.轴clutch n.离合器brake n.制动器pulley n.(皮,胶)带轮flywheel n.飞轮sprocket n.链轮,星轮bending moment 弯曲力矩torsional a.扭转的static a.静(力,态)的axle n.心轴,轮轴spindle n.心轴,主轴deflection n.偏移,弯曲fillet n.圆角,倒角peening n.喷射(加工硬化法)shot peening 喷丸硬化stiff a.刚性的inertia n.惯性,惯量slippage n.滑动actuation n.驱动,开动coefficient n.系数statics n.静力学rim n.边缘,轮缘shoe n.闸瓦,制动片【块】band n.带,条cone n.圆锥miscellaneous a.(混)合的,杂项的assume v.假设,承担statical a.=static,静态的equilibrium n.平衡reaction n.反应,反力overload-release clutch 超载释放(保护)离合器magnetic fluid clutch 磁液离合器shift v.变换,(使)移动lever n.杆,(手)柄jaw n.颚板,夹爪ratchet n.棘轮circumferentiallyad v.周围地,圆周地mate v.配合,啮合,联接synchronous a.同步的linear drive 线性驱动装置clicking n.‘卡塔’声freewheel v.空转coupling n.联轴器sleeve n.套筒flat n.平面(部分)a.平的periphery n.圆周,周边wedge n.楔(形物)v.楔入pawl n.棘爪powder n.粉末mixture n.混合物electromagnetic a.电磁的coil n.线圈excitation n.刺激,激励shearing a.剪切的lockup n.锁住Lesson 41 Definition of Robotics and the Robot Systemmanipulator n.操作器,控制器,机械手peripheral a.周围的,外围的idiot n.白痴integrate v.使成为一体,使结合起来hard automation 刚性自动化a host of 许多Lesson 42 Basics of Computers(I)execute v.执行binary a.二进制的read only memory (ROM) 只读存储器random access memory (RAM)读写存储器,随机存储器erasable a.可擦去的volatile a.可丢失的Lesson 43 Basics of Computers(二)harsh a.恶劣的robust a.稳定的configuration n.结构,组态Morse Code 莫尔斯电码suffice v.足够interference n.干扰fluctuation n.脉动,波动expendable a.可消耗的intermediate a.中间的adaptor n.转换器transformer n.变压器rectifier n.整流器capacitor n.电容器Zener diode 齐纳(稳压)二极管buffer n.缓冲寄存器come across 碰到Baud rate 波特率Lesson 44 Programmable Controllersalbeit conj.虽然light-emitting diodes 发光二极管relay ladder logic 继电器梯形逻辑图archaically a.古体的,旧式的retention n.保留,保持versed a.熟练的,精通的fluidics n.射流sheer a.完全的,绝对的profligate a.浪费的proprietary a.专利的,专有的boolean expression 布尔表达式Lesson 45 CAD/CAMComputed-aided design(CAD) n.计算机辅助设计Computed-aided manufacturing(CAM) n.计算机辅助制造automatic factory n.自动化工厂drafting n.制图Computer-aided engineering n.计算机辅助工程management information systems n.管理信息系统graphics terminal n.图像终端a shared data base n.公用数据库three-dimensional a.三维的keyboard n.键盘lightpen=light pen n.光笔magnify v.放大flip v,n.翻转copy v.拷贝a mirror image 镜像symmetrical a.对称的artwork n.印刷线路原图Geometric modeling n.几何模型制造kinematics n.运动学Lesson 48 Flexible Manufacturing Systemsfexible manufacturing systems(FMS)柔性制造系统flexible manufacturing celles(FMC) 柔性制造单元automated guided vehicles 自动搬运小车conveyor n.传送装置pallet loading and unloading carts 上下料小车part program 零件程序data base 数据库data processing networks 数据处理网络inspection program 检测程序robot program 自动机程序real-time control data 实时控制数据the Control hierarchy 控制层次real-time fault recovery 实时故障恢复unmanned operation 无人化操作chip removel 排屑module n.模块,组件intelligent node智能节点。
制浆造纸专业英语
Lesson 1 History of Papermaking1、papermaking 纸的生产;抄纸2、loading 装料;填料;加压;装入,输入3、sizing 施胶;胶料4、coating 涂布5、mulberry bark 桑皮6、flax 亚麻(属),鸦麻,胡麻,野芝麻,大芝麻7、beat 打浆;beating 打浆;8、hollander 荷兰式打浆机9、fourdrinier 长网,长网造纸机10、stationer 文具商11、cylinder 烘缸;圆网,圆筒12、cylinder machine 圆网纸机13、machinery 机器,机械,机械设备14、groundwood pulping 磨木浆15、soda 烧碱,碱16、sulfite 亚硫酸盐;sulfite pulp硫酸盐浆17、kraft 牛皮纸;硫酸盐浆;牛皮浆18、sulfate 硫酸盐19、incineration 焚烧20、alkali 碱21、digestion 蒸煮22、formation 成形;匀度;组织23、fibrous suspension 纤维悬浮液24、pressing 压榨25、drying 干燥26、refiner mechanical pulping 盘磨机械浆27、cooking 蒸煮28、multistage bleaching 多段漂白29、on-machine paper coating 纸机涂布30、twin-wire forming 双网成形31、puter process control 计算机过程控制32、technique 技术33、technology 工艺Lesson 2 Fibrous Raw Materials1、bast 韧皮、皮2、cottonseed hair 棉种毛3、conversely 相反,反之4、technologist 工艺技术人员5、furnish 供给6、unique 唯一的;独特的;无与伦比的7、rayon 人造丝8、nylon 尼龙9、orlon 奥伦10、dacron 涤纶11、synthetics 合成产品12、asbestos 石棉13、linen 亚麻布14、straw 禾草15、availability 可用的,有效性,可得到的东西16、diverse 种类不同的17、spruce 云杉18、pine 松木19、pulpwood 制浆用木材20、hardwood 硬木21、softwood 软木22、deciduous 阔叶的23、coniferous 针叶的24、classification 分类25、vegetable Fibers 植物纤维26、fruit fibers 果类纤维27、seedhair 种毛28、pok 豆荚29、kapok 木棉30、husk 壳类外皮31、coir 椰子壳32、stem fiber 茎秆纤维33、gymnosperm 裸子植物34、angiosperm 被子植物35、tissue 组织;薄页纸36、dicotyledon 双子叶37、monocotyledon 单子叶38、herbaceous 草本的39、jute 黄麻40、hemp 大麻41、ramie 苎麻42、sunn 印度麻43、vascular 导管的44、vascular bundle 维管束45、cereal straws 谷草46、bagasse 蔗渣47、esparto 西班牙草48、abaca 焦麻49、sisal 西莎草50、phormium 新西兰麻51、pineapple 波萝52、animal fibers 动物纤维53、mineral fibers 矿物纤维54、regenerated cellulose 再生纤维素55、polyamide 聚酰胺56、polyacrylic 聚丙烯的57、polyester 聚酯58、synthetic fibers 合成纤维Lesson 3 The Major Chemical ponentsof Fibrous Raw Materials1、ponent 组分2、cell 细胞3、opening 开口;缝隙4、pit 纹孔;坑;池5、cellulose 纤维素6、hemicellulose 半纤维素7、lignin 木素8、skeleton 骨架9、matrix 填质、模型10、encrus 结壳11、constituent 组分、成分12、cell wall 细胞壁13、secondary cell wall 次生壁14、supermolecular state 超分子状态15、crystalline 结晶的;晶状的16、fibrillar 细纤维的,纤丝的17、fibril 细纤维,纤丝18、homopolysaccharide 均一聚糖19、homo- 均匀,同20、polysaccharide 多糖21、saccharide 糖类22、glucopyranose 吡喃式葡萄糖23、glucosidic bond 葡萄糖苷键24、glucose 葡萄糖25、residue剩基,残基;残余物26、molecule 分子27、molecular 分子的28、intra-29、intermolecular 分子间30、hydrogen bond 氢键31、insoluble 不溶的,不溶32、solvent 溶剂33、biosynthesis 生物合成34、heterogeneous 不均一的35、hydrolyze 水解36、acid 酸37、monomeric 单元的38、mannose 甘露糖39、xylose 木糖40、arabinose 阿拉伯糖41、rhambose 鼠糖42、glucuronic acid 葡萄糖尾酸43、uronic acid 糖尾酸44、methyl 甲基45、galacturonic acid 半乳糖尾酸,半乳糖醛酸46、polymerization 聚合,聚合作用47、phenylpropane 苯基丙烷48、phenyl 苯基49、ether bond 醚键50、carbon 碳51、gravimetrically 重量分析Lesson 4 The Structure of Plant Cell Wall 1、layer 层2、middle lamella (pl. lamellae)胞间层3、primary wall 初生壁4、wart(a. warty)树瘤5、microfibril 微细纤维6、helix 螺旋7、deviation 偏差8、angular 角的,有角的;斜角切裁9、polarized light 偏振光10、polarize 使极化11、pectic 果胶的12、pectin 果胶13、cell corner 细胞角隅14、protein 蛋白质15、interior 部16、perpendicularly 垂直地17、axis 轴18、content 含量;容;目录19、parallel 平行的20、angle 角21、tracheid 管胞22、earlywood 早材23、latewood 晚材24、stiffness 挺度,刚性25、amorphous 无定形的26、membrane 薄膜Lesson 5 Wood Preparation1、roundwood 原木2、log 原木段3、wood room 备木间4、conveyer运输机5、debark 剥皮6、hydraulic 水力;液压7、impinge 冲击8、stream barker 蒸气剥皮机9、pump 泵10、mechanical barker 机械剥皮机11、alternative 可选择方法12、shorting 缺点13、sound wood 良好木材14、scraper 刮刀;刮板15、drum 鼓,筒,辊筒16、drum barker 圆筒剥皮机17、drag 拖,拉18、drag conveyer 链式运输机19、squeeze 挤,压20、boiler house 锅炉房21、diameter 直径22、vertical splitter 立式劈木机23、chute 斜槽24、chipper 削片机25、deck (平)台,板26、saw 锯27、deck saw 台锯28、groundwood room 磨木车间29、screen 筛;屏障;网状干毯;水冷屏30、digester 蒸煮器31、vibrate 振动32、oscillate 摆动33、gyrate 旋转34、chip bin 木片仓35、bin 存储仓36、pan 盘,容器Lesson 6 Preparation of Fibrous Raw Materials Other than Wood1、bale 大包2、bundle 捆3、rectangular 长方形的4、railroad duster 羊角除尘器5、environmental 环境的6、cyclone 旋风分离器7、dust chamber 集尘室,除尘室8、pulper 碎浆机9、disc cutter 圆盘切草机10、crush 压榨11、screen 筛,筛选12、bagasse 蔗渣13、sugar cane 甘蔗14、depithing 除髓15、Peadco 蔗渣制浆16、contaminant 杂质17、moist depithing 半干法除髓18、flotation washing machine 浮选洗涤机19、rock 石块20、trash 废弃物,残屑Lesson 7 Pulping Process and Pulp End Uses1、lignocellulosic 木质纤维素(的),木化纤维素(的)2、reduced to fibrous mass离解成纤维性物质3、mass 质量;物质;大量;集中,聚集4、rupture 破裂5、mechanically 机械地6、thermally 热地7、mercial process 工业化的工艺8、yield 得率,收获率,(纸板)紧度9、degrade 降解10、solublized 溶解11、stone groundwood(SGW)磨石磨木浆12、refiner mechanical pulp(RMP):盘磨机械浆,木片磨木浆13、thermomechanical pulp(TMP):热磨机械浆,热磨木片磨木浆14、chemigroundwood 化学磨木浆15、cold soda 冷碱法16、chemithermechanical pulp(CTMP) 化学热磨机械浆17、neutral sulfite semichemical cooking (NSSC)pulp 中性亚硫酸盐半化学浆18、soda-AQ 烧碱蒽醌19、sulfite (acid and bisulfite) 酸性亚硫酸盐和亚硫酸氢盐20、wrapping paper 包装纸21、sack paper 纸袋纸22、box-liner paper 纸盒衬里纸23、newsprint 新闻纸24、toweling 毛巾纸25、opacity 不透明度26、sanitary paper 卫生纸类27、tissue paper 薄页纸28、bulk 松厚(度)29、absorbency 吸收性30、versatility 多功能31、fluff 绒毛浆32、coating raw stock 涂布原纸33、sulfur 硫磺34、engineering 工程学35、emission 放射,发射,辐射36、sulfide 硫化物37、prototype 原型38、soda oxygen process 氧碱制浆工艺39、delignification 脱木素作用40、catalyst 催化剂41、anthraquinone 蒽醌Lesson 8 Alkaline Pulping1、alkaline碱性的,含碱的2、sulfide 硫化物3、sodium sulfide 硫化钠4、carbonate 碳酸盐5、cooking liquor 蒸煮液6、sulfite 亚硫酸盐7、sodium oxide 氧化钠8、sodium hydroxide 氢氧化钠9、active alkali 活性碱10、effective alkali 有效碱11、total alkali 总碱12、activity 活化度13、sulfidity 硫化度14、white liquor 白液15、charge 填装,充电,装量,电荷16、chemical recovery plant 化学品回收车间17、bone dry 绝干18、concentration 浓度19、preset 预先设定20、alkali-to -wood ratio 碱比21、liquor-to-wood ratio 液比22、filling up period 装锅阶段,装料阶段23、blow tank 喷放锅24、to temperature’period升温阶段25、at temperature’period 保温阶段26、full pressure 全压27、reduced pressure 减压28、gas relieving小放气29、heating-up period 升温阶段30、circulation 循环31、end point 终点32、delignification 脱木素(作用)33、puterization 计算机化34、batch process 间歇方法35、expressed in terms of 以……表示36、take part in 参与37、in accordance with 以……为根据,符合38、account for 考虑到Lesson 9 Sulfite Pulping1、sulfite pulping 亚硫酸盐法制浆2、sulfurous acid 亚硫酸3、alkali salts 碱性盐4、sulfonate 磺酸盐5、functionalities6、cleavage 裂开,分裂;离解7、kraft pulping 硫酸盐法制浆8、calcium 钙9、calcium acid sulfite酸性亚硫酸钙10、insolubility 难溶性11、scaling 结垢12、scaling pound 结垢化合物13、precipitate 沉淀,沉淀物14、liming up 石灰化15、free SO2 游离SO216、base 碱;底座,基准,基17、magnesium 镁18、sodium 钠19、ammonium 铵20、bined SO2 化合SO221、acid bisulfite pulping酸性亚硫酸氢盐法制浆22、neutral sulfite 中性亚硫酸盐23、alkaline sulfite 碱性亚硫酸盐24、batchwise25、vessel 容器,器皿;导管26、pressure vessel 压力容器27、acid-resistant lining 防酸衬里28、cap 把盖子盖上29、accumulator 储存槽,回收槽30、high-pressure accumulator 高压回收炉31、polycondensation reaction 缩聚,缩聚作用,多聚合32、optimum point 最佳点33、pulp strength 纸浆强度34、viscosity 粘度35、adversely 不利地36、porous 多孔的;疏松的;素烧(瓷)的Lesson 10 Chemical recovery1、chemical recovery 化学品回收2、inorganic 无机的3、regenerate 再生4、reuse 回用5、weak black liquor 稀黑液6、strong black liquor 浓黑液7、brown stock washer 本色浆洗浆机8、multiple-effect evaporator 多效蒸发器9、oxidation 氧化10、heavy black liquor重黑液,浓黑液11、saltcake 芒硝12、residual liquor 废液13、soda loss 碱损失14、incineration 焚烧15、furnance 熔炉,炉子16、smelt 熔融物17、green liquor 绿液18、caustic 碱性的,苛性的19、caustic alkali 苛性碱20、causticize 苛化21、causticizing 苛化22、lime 石灰23、lime mud 白泥,石灰渣24、ligneous material 木质物料25、saccharinic acid糖质酸,糖精酸26、extractive 抽出物,抽提物,萃取物27、thiosulfate [,θaiəu'sʌlfeit]硫代硫酸盐28、chloride ['klɔ:raid] 氯化物29、originate [ə'ridʒineit] 开始,发明,发起30、bulk 松厚;n. 大小,体积,大批,大多数;vt. 显得大,显得重要31、reboiler 再沸器32、vapor 蒸汽,水蒸汽33、climbing-film 升膜34、long-tube-vertical (LTV) evaporator长管立式蒸发器35、service 服务;保养;检修36、falling-film evaporator 降膜蒸发器37、preheat-falling-rising types 预热升降蒸发器38、forced circulation units 强制循环装置39、crystallizing evaporator 结晶蒸发器40、variation [vɛəri'eiʃən]变动,变化,变异,变种41、vapor-pression evaporator 二次汽压缩蒸发汽42、waste heat evaporator 废热蒸发器43、sophisticated [sə'fistikeit]condensate44、treatment system完善的冷凝水处理系统45、bustion [kəm'bʌstʃən]燃烧,氧化46、impurity杂质47、clarify澄清,阐明;使明晰48、entrained white liquorvt. 使乘火车,拖,产生,导致vi. 乘火车49、dissolving tank 溶解槽50、calcine['kælsain] 烧成石灰,煅烧51、lime kiln [kiln] 石灰窑52、fluid bed calciner 流化床焙烧炉53、thermal ['θə:ml] a. 热的,热量的,烫的n. 上升温暖气流54、soap skimming 皂化物的撇除55、tall oil 妥尔油,塔罗油56、molten,melt的过去分词,熔化的,炽热的57、calcium 钙58、endothermic [endəu'θə:mik]吸热(性)的59、sulfur 硫磺60、natural gas 天然气Lesson 11 Mechanical Pulping1、mechanical pulping机械制浆2、stone groundwood ( SGW )磨石磨木浆3、refiner 磨浆机,精磨机4、specific energy 单位能耗5、parameter 参数6、nomenclature ['nəumənkleitʃə] n. 命名法,专门语,术语7、specify v. 详细说明,具体说明,指明8、sequence 顺序9、PGW, pressurized groundwood 压力磨木浆10、PRMP,pressure refined mechanical pulp 压力盘磨机械浆11、CRMP, chemi-refiner mechanical pulp 化学盘磨机械浆12、CTMP, chemi-thermomechanical pulp 预热法木片化学机械浆13、APMP, alkaline peroxide mechanical pulp 碱性过氧化物机械浆14、demarcation [di:mɑ:'keiʃən] n. 划界,划定界限,限界15、attrition [ə'triʃən] n. 摩擦,磨损16、resin ['rezin] 树脂,涂树脂于17、non-resinous 无脂的18、rosin 松香,树脂,用松香涂19、yield 得率,收获率;(纸板)紧度20、catalog paper ['kætəlɔ:g]目录纸21、bolt [bəult]22、abrasive [ə'breisiv] 粗糙的23、grinder ['graində] 磨木机,研磨机24、grinding 磨木,粉碎25、tear strength撕裂强度26、freeness 游离度27、disintegrate [dis'intigreit] 分解,碎解28、disk 圆盘;刀盘;磨盘29、steaming 汽蒸30、shive 浆块,碎浆,碎片,纤维束31、drastic 激烈的32、category 种类,类项33、corrugating medium 瓦楞芯纸Lesson 12 Washing of Pulps1、foam problem 泡沫问题2、counter-current 逆流3、drum filter 转鼓过滤机4、vacuum filter [ˋ'vækjuəm]真空过滤机5、pressurized washer压力洗涤(浆)机6、diffuser washer扩散洗涤器7、brown stock 本色浆8、screw presses 螺旋压榨9、wash presses 洗涤压榨10、rotary-vacuum-filter旋转式真空洗浆机11、wash zone 洗涤区12、installation n. 就任,就职;安装,安置;装置,设备;设施13、uniformity 同样,一致14、defoamer 消泡剂15、erect a. 直立的,竖立的,笔直的vt. 使竖立,使直立,树立,建立vi. 勃起16、outdoor 户外17、facility n. 容易,便利,设施,设备;熟练,灵巧18、discharge 排除,释放Lesson 13 Screening1、screening 筛选2、vibratory 振动器3、gravity centrifugal 重力离心的4、centripetal 向心的5、perforated barrier ['pə:fəreit] 筛板6、slot 细长的孔,缝,狭槽,筛孔7、slot screen 缝筛8、debris [də'bri:] 碎片,残骸9、intermittently [intə(:)'mitəntli]间歇地10、barrier 防护、屏障11、screen plate 筛板12、plug up堵塞13、shake 摇动、振动14、vibration振动15、hydraulic 水力,液压16、hydraulic sweeping action 液压扫刮动作17、back-flushing 反冲18、pulsing the flow 使液流脉动19、moving foils 移动叶片20、paddle 桨叶21、flat screen 平筛22、reject 筛渣,废料;23、obsolete 荒废的,旧的,淘汰的24、align 使成一行25、circular 圆形的26、vibratory flat screen 振动平筛27、rotary vibratory screen 回转式振筛28、gravity centrifugal screen重力离心筛29、piping 配管30、pumping 泵送31、slime腐浆;粘液;32、cascade arrangement 串联布置Lesson 14 Centrifugal cleaning1、specific gravity 比重2、centrifugal cleaner 离心净化器3、liquid cyclone 液体旋沉器4、hydrocylclone 水力旋沉器5、vortex cleaner 涡旋净化器6、centricleaner离心净化器7、conical 圆锥形的8、cylindrical- conical 圆筒圆锥9、vessel 器皿10、tangential inlet 正切入口11、cone圆锥12、cylinder 圆筒,烘缸,圆网13、vortex finder 涡旋导向器,14、accepts nozzle良浆口15、underflow 下溢,斜溜槽16、nozzle 喷嘴17、fluid shear 流体剪切力18、scroll 纸卷,螺旋线19、tangentially 切线的20、velocity 速率21、orifice 孔,口22、reject orifice 排渣口23、floc 絮凝物24、reverse-flow 逆流Lesson 15 Pulp Bleaching1、chromophoric groups 发色基团2、lignin-preserving 保留木素式3、linkage 连接,键合4、eliminate 除去,排除,剔除,消除5、oxidant 氧化剂6、chlorine 氯7、oxygen 氧8、hypochlorite 次氯酸盐9、chlorine dioxide二氧化氯10、hydrogen peroxide 过氧化氢11、ozone 臭氧12、reductant 还原剂13、hydrosulfite 连二亚硫酸盐14、sodium hydroxide 氢氧化钠15、caustic extraction 碱抽提16、delignification 脱木素(作用)17、invariably 不变化地,一成不变地,常常地18、identify vt. 识别,认明,鉴定,使等同于vi. 一致,变成一致19、sulfonate 磺化,磺酸盐20、decolore 脱色21、appreciable 可测量的,可感到的22、sodium hydrosulfite 连二亚硫酸钠23、eye appeal 观感Lesson 16 Introduction of Papermaking1、filtered mat 过滤层2、drain 泄水,排水drainage 排水,滤水draining滤水3、suspension 悬浮液4、fine screen 细筛5、definition 定义6、entangle 使纠缠,卷入,使混乱7、coherent structure 相互粘连着,相互交织的结构8、vegetable kingdom 植物界9、cellulosic nature 纤维素性质10、bond 结合键,证券;粘合11、attribute vt. 把…归因于,把…归咎于;认为…是某人所有,认为…是某人创造12、frame 框架13、sheet mould纸模14、vat 槽,浆槽15、intact 完整的16、felt 毛毯,毛布17、blotter 吸水纸18、in some ways 在某种程度上19、sophistication 完善,复杂化Lesson 17 Stock Preparation System1、stock preparation system 浆料制备系统2、lap pulp浆板3、pulper 碎浆机4、consistency regulator 浓度调节器5、metering and blending计量和混合6、filler填料7、dye染料8、machine chest 纸机(贮)浆池9、stuff box 调浆箱10、headbox 流浆箱11、whitewater 白水12、blade 刀口,刮刀13、storage tank 贮浆槽14、clump 浆块15、clump together 在一起成浆团(浆块)16、lumpy 成块的,块状Lesson 18 Mechanism of Beating and Refining1、mechanism n. 机械,机构,结构,机理,技巧,机制2、interchangeably [intə(:)'tʃeindʒəbli]可交换地3、perpendicular [pə:pən'dikjulə]垂直的4、exemplify [ig'zemplifai]例证,例示5、conical 圆锥形的6、crossing n. 横断,渡航,交叉点,渡口7、in all cases 就一切情况而论8、modify 修正,变更,修饰;9、furnish 配料10、shear stress 切变应力11、normal stress 正应力12、permeable 有浸透性的,能透过的13、swell 润胀14、hydration 水化(作用)15、flexibility 柔韧性,灵活性Lesson 19 Effect of Beating on Sheet properties1、porous 多孔的;疏松的;素烧(瓷)的2、wild 云彩花3、dense 紧密的,浓厚的,密集的,稠密的4、positively 确实地;必然地5、visualize vt. 使看得见,使具体化,想象,设想vi. 想象,显现6、adverse a. 不利的,敌对的,相反的,逆的7、basic weight 定量8、fold strength 耐折度folding strength9、tensile strength 抗强度10、mullen strength 耐破度11、tearing resistance 撕裂度tearing strength13、density 密度14、clump 丛,块,笨重的脚步声15、curdle 使凝结,使凝固,使变质;凝结,凝固,变质Lesson 20 Sizing and Loading1、size 规格,尺寸;胶料2、sizing 施胶,胶料3、sizing agent 施胶剂4、sizing degree 施胶度5、sizing roll /size roll 施胶辊6、sizing tester 施胶度测定仪7、size boiler 熬胶锅8、size cooking 熬胶,制胶9、sized 施胶的sized paper 施胶纸10、web sizing 表面施胶11、wet end 湿部,铜网部12、wet end additive 湿部添加剂,湿部助剂13、wet end chemistry 湿部化学14、wet end finish 湿部整饰15、wet end furnish 湿部配比,浆料配比16、rosin 松香17、amber 琥珀色;琥珀色的,琥珀的18、resin 树脂19、pine 松树20、tap 轻打,轻敲,敲打出,使流出21、stump 树干22、tall oil 塔罗油,塔尔油23、solution 溶液24、emulsion 乳液25、precipitate 沉淀26、alum ['æləm] 铝27、polyelectrolytic 聚电解质28、retention aid 助留剂29、load 负荷;装聊;装入,输入30、loading agent 填料31、filler 填料;填充物、装锅器32、optical 光学的34、clay 白土,高岭土35、calcium carbonate碳酸钙36、talc 滑石talc powder滑石粉37、titanium dioxide 二氧化钛38、opacifier 遮光Lesson 21 Sheet formation1、dewater 脱水2、paperboard 纸板3、lightweight paper 低定量纸4、fabric n. 织物,布,建筑物,结构,构造5、table roll案辊6、foil 薄片,案板7、suction equipment 真空设备8、drilled couch 带孔伏辊9、decay 衰减、衰退;腐朽10、turbulence 湍流、湍动11、mat字型、纸板12、filtration 过滤13、discrete 离散的;不连续的14、immobilize 使不动,使固定,不能移动15、endless finely woven belt无端细编织网(带)16、mesh网目17、plastic mesh fabrics塑料编织网,塑料网状织物18、breast roll 胸辊19、headbox 流浆箱20、couch roll 伏辊21、perforated shell 带孔的壳,有孔的外壳21、suction 抽吸,抽吸作用;吸出,吸出作用22、high-vacuum suction box 高真空吸水箱23、forming board 成形板24、foil 薄片,案板25、augment 增加,增大26、cross-oscillation motion 横向振动27、dandy roll 饰面辊,罗纹辊,水印辊28、mount 安装,装上,安放29、trim 切边,冲边30、erratic [i'rætik] 不稳定的31、high-pressure water jet 高压喷水32、squirt 水针33、re-slur 重新碎浆Lesson 22 Pressing1、press 压榨,压,印刷机2、press felt 压榨毛毯3、press button 按钮4、press drying压榨干燥5、pressing 压,压榨6、press section 压榨部7、dryer section干燥部8、dryer 干燥器,烘缸9、economical 节俭的,经济的,合算的10、runnability 运行性能,运行情况11、evaporation 蒸发12、profile 侧面,轮廓,人物素描13、phase 相;期,阶段14、saturate 饱和15、dryness 干度16、reabsorption 回吸17、rewetting 回湿18、postulate 假定,要求;基本条件19、capillary 毛细管;毛状的,毛细作用的20、configuration 结构21、plain roll 普通平压辊22、suction press 真空压榨23、approach24、transverse-flow pressing横流压榨25、receptor 接收器26、laterally ['lætərəli]侧面地,旁边地27、grooved-roll 沟纹辊28、blind-drilled receptor roll 盲孔脱水(压榨)辊29、void 空隙,孔隙;孔率;无效的30、fabric press衬毯压榨31、dwell 停留Lesson 23 Paper Drying1、paper drying 纸的干燥2、dryer section 干燥部3、thermal 热的,温的4、wrap 包,裹,包装,覆盖5、wrap angle 包角6、wrapper 包装纸7、wrapper roll 捐筒包装纸8、wrapping 包装9、wrapping paper 包装纸10、indice['indisi:z] index 的复数指数,指标11、evaporation rate 蒸发率12、steam economy 蒸汽利用率13、BTU British themal unit14、peak 最高的15、constant rate zone 恒速区16、ventilation 通风;排气17、permeable 有浸透性的,能透过的18、dryer felt 干毯,干燥毛毯19、shrinkage 收缩,收缩率20、tension力tensioning roll紧辊21、position位置;positioning roll定位辊Lesson 24 Calendering and Supercalendering1、calendering 压光2、paper grades 纸种3、cross-direction 横向4、reel-building 复卷5、converting加工6、pensate补偿7、caliper 厚度;测径器,卡钳,弯角器;用卡钳测量8、induce 引诱,招致,感应9、infinitesimally [infini'tesiməli] 极小地10、deform 变形11、replicate ['replikeit] vt. 折叠,折转,复制n. 八音阶间隔的反复高低音a. 折转的,弯回的12、pliable 弯曲13、pliable wood 弯曲木材14、pliablility 弯曲性15、efficacy ['efikəsi] 功效,效力16、glazen. 釉,上光,光滑面vt. 装以玻璃,上釉于vi. 变成为光滑,变呆滞17、paction 压紧18、soft-nip calendar软压光19、supercalendering 超级压光20、unwind stand 退纸架21、stack 堆;烟囱;存储栈;存储栈数据22、rewind 复卷23、lead roll 导辊,导纸辊24、entrapment [in'træpmənt] 夹杂,捕集,圈闭25、creasing起皱26、elastic弹性的27、plastic 可塑的,塑性的28、depression 压迫,压制29、creep 蠕变30、spread area 舒展区31、filled roll 纸粕辊32、rolling friction 滚动摩檫33、polishing/polish 抛光,磨光34、delicate 脆弱的35、dent缺陷,凹陷;dented 有缺陷的36、torn paper破损纸,断纸37、lump浆块,浆团38、mark 标志;标记;限度;界限;痕;印Lesson 25 Paper and Paperboard Properties--------------Basic Sheet Properties1、basis weight (纸)定量2、munication 通讯,3、packaging 包装,打包4、Grammage 定量,克重5、caliper 厚度6、processor 信息处理机7、centimeter 厘米8、millimeter 毫米9、micrometer 微米10、pressibility 可压缩性11、density 密度12、bulk 松厚(度)13、predictor 预测者,预告者14、moisture content 水分含量moisture水分15、shift 变化16、curl 卷曲17、wrinkle 起皱18、felt side 毛毯面,正面19、wire side 网面,反面20、imprint vt. 印,印记号,铭刻n. 印,印记,痕迹,版本说明imprinted paper 压印纸21、noticeable 引人注目的,显明的,值得注意的Lesson 26 Paper and Paperboard Properties--------------Strength Properties1、strength properties 强度性能2、tensile strength 抗强度3、extensibility 伸长性4、stretch 伸长,伸长率5、Mullen 耐破度6、simultaneous 同时发生的,同时的7、puncture resistance 耐戳穿强度8、burst 耐破度,破裂度9、diaphragm ['daiəfræm] 隔膜,薄膜10、clamp 夹;夹板,压板;钳11、pop test 耐破测验12、tearing resistance 撕裂度,撕裂性能13、evaluate 评价,评估,赋值14、internal tearing resistence撕裂度15、notch V形切痕16、simulate 模拟17、fold 折叠18、fold test 耐折度测定19、relative humidity 相对湿度20、equilibrate [i:kwə'laibreit] 平衡,相称Lesson 27 Paper and Paperboard Properties-------------Optical properties1、optical properties 光学性能2、whiteness 白度3、brightness 亮度,白度4、reflectance 反射率5、opaque 不透明性6、wavelength 波长7、incident light 入射光8、roughly 粗糙的,粗略的9、magnesium oxide 氧化镁10、region 区域,围11、opacity 不透明度12、opacity paper不透明纸13、printer 印刷工作者,印刷机14、printing 印刷15、indication 指示,象征,象征物16、gloss 光泽度17、specular reflectance镜面反射18、microscopic [maikrəs'kɔpik] 显微镜的。
包装专业英语 Lesson 12 Shock, Vibration, and Compression
Sudden arrests on conveyors
Impacts occurring when vehicles hit potholes, curbs, or railroad tracks
Shock
Impacts occurring when a package is rolled or tipped over Shock due to rail shunting
Shock
Fragility factor: “critical acceleration”, or “G,” levels to describe an object's tendency to break when subjected to shock. An object will break if subjected to a force greater than its structure can bear. Newton’s second law: F = ma observedaccelerati on G= accelerati of gravity on Since mass is constant for a given packaging problem, force is directly proportional to G.
Lesson 12
Shock,Vibration,and Compression 第12课 冲击、振动和受压
Shock
Defined as an impact, characterized by a sudden and substantial change in velocity. Shocks in the distribution environment: Accidental and deliberate drops during manual handling Drops from chutes, conveyors, and other machinery Falls from pallet loads
课文词汇
矿物质 vitamin 维生素 get along 过活,生存 essential a.①本质的,基本的 ②必需的,必不 可少的 ③精华的 n.[常用复]①本质,实质 ②要素,要点,必需品 whereby ad.①(疑问副词)靠什么 ②(关系副 词)靠那个 A device ~ to get warmth取暖 的设备 metabolism 新陈代谢
ingest
戊聚糖 malabsorption n.[医]吸收不良,养料吸收障 碍 mal- ①表示“坏”,“恶”,“不良” ② 表示 “不”,“非”,“不当” adverse a.①(在位置或方向上)逆的,相反的, 敌对的 ②不利的,有害的 ③[植](叶子等)朝 着茎的,对生的 gelatinize ①胶(凝)化 ②(淀粉)糊化 gelatinized starches 糊化淀粉
moiety
condense冷凝,缩合,凝缩,浓缩
低聚糖-多聚糖 oligo- 少,缺乏,[专]寡,低 glucan葡聚糖 (=glucosan) fructan果聚糖 inulin菊粉 inulase菊粉酶 phosphorylate磷酸化 phosphorylase磷酸化酶 nucleotide核苷酸 nucleotidase 核苷酶 nucleoside核苷 nucleoprotein核蛋白
食品专业英语
Lesson 1 Nutrition
n. ①迷宫 ②迷惑 vt.①使如入迷宫 ②使困惑 ‖~d a.困惑的 corridor n. 走廊 diversity n.①差异,不同 ②多样性,变化 in between 在中间,每间隔,在…期间 commonsense 有常识的,明明白白的,一望 而知的 commonsensible (符合)常识的
专业英语电子版教材
注意事项 (2)专业英语课程简介 ................................................................................................................ 错误!未定义书签。
Chapter 1 Matter and Measurement (2)1.1. Classification of Matter (3)1.2. Properties of Matter (3)1.3 Atoms, Molecules and Compounds (4)1.4. Numbers in Physical Quantities (5)1.5 Units of Measurement (8)1.6 The Dimensional Method (11)Word and sentence: (12)Chapter 2 Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry (13)2.1 Chemical Language (13)2.2 Nomenclature of Elements (14)2.3 Nomenclature of Inorganic Compounds (21)Chapter 3 Inorganic Chemistry (28)3.1 The Atomic Nature of Matter (28)3.2 Electronic Structure of Atoms (30)3.3 Periodicity of Atomic Properties (33)3.5 Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories......................................................... 错误!未定义书签。
3.6 Chemical Reactions................................................................................................. 错误!未定义书签。
计算机专业英语单词
Lesson one .simultaneity n同时性breach vt违反,破坏immediacy n即时性deadline n最后期限spatial adj空间的earth-bound adj只在地球上的teletype n电传打字机proximity n接近,近似first-generation computer n第一代计算机vacuum tube n真空管,电子管transistor n晶体管integrated circuits(I C) n集成电路microminiaturization n超小型化chip n芯片etch vt蚀刻imprint vt铭刻plastic n塑料ceramic n陶瓷matal n金属approximately adv近似的,大约的============================== Lesson two.general adj一般的knowledge n知识eletronic adj电子的machinery n机器,机械equipment n设备manipulate vt操作represent vt代表dull adj迟钝的,枯燥的time-consuming adj消耗时间的routine adj常规的characters n字符general-purpose adj通用的operate vt操作successfully adv成功地numerical adj数字的integrator n积分refinement n精炼unreliable adj不可靠的internal adj内部的feature n特点capability n能力ASCII American Standard For Information Interchange n美国标准信息交换代码hardware n硬件software n软件minicomputer n小型计算机personalcomputer n个人计算机mainframe computer n大型计算机microcomputer n微型计算机supercomputer n超级计算机I/O Input/Output device n输入/输出设备glimpse n一瞥handle vt处理broad adj宽广的enormous adj庞大的scientific adj科学的super adj超级的interpret vt解释manufacture vt制造efficient adj有效的robotics n机器人学combine vt联合divide vt划分divided into vt划分为category n范畴,目录retrieval n检索vital adj必不可少的youngster n年轻人in addition to vt 另外familiarity n熟悉durable adj 持久的CAD Computer-Aided Design n计算机辅助设计CAM Computer-Aided Manufacturing n计算机辅助制造CAI Computer-Aided Instruction n计算机辅助教学Lesson three.powerful adj功能强大的tool n工具personal adj个人的basically adv基本上consist of 由...组成additional adj另外的expand vt扩大,扩充meet...needs满足..的需要particular adj特别的,特定的CPU central processing unit中央处理机memory n主存,内存RAM random access memory 随机存储器ROM read-only memory 只读存储器Diskette drive 软盘驱动器FDD floppy disk drive 硬盘驱动器HDD hard disk drive硬盘驱动器CD-ROM compact disc ROM只读光盘keyboard n键盘mouse n鼠标power supply 电源turn off关闭& conj和,以及entire adj整个的typical adj典型的be entered into 被键入be connected to被连接到comfortable adj舒适的position n位置independently adv独立地select vt选择monitor n监视器issue vt发出command n命令response n响应popular adj常见的,众所周知的generate vt产生dot n点matrix printer点阵打印机option n选件,选项instruct vt指示,指导be loaded into 被装入turn on 打开OS operating system 操作系统model n型号interface n接口parallel ports 并行口serial ports 串行口binary n二进制decimal n十进制hexadecimal n十六进制bit n二进制位byte n字节KB kilo byte 千字节MB million byte 兆字节GB giga byte 吉字节string n字符串Chinese character汉字字符field n字段record n记录file n文件access vt存取,访问access time 存取时间expansion slot扩展槽cylinder n柱面track n磁道sector n扇区2 HD 双面高密度DS/DD double side/double density双面双密度N/A not available 不具备MIPS million instruction per second 每秒执行百万条指令M Hz mega hertz 兆赫兹sound blaster 声霸卡double speed 倍速quad speed 四倍速warranty n保修requirement n需求specification n规格pentium processor 奔腾处理器bus architecture PCI PCI总线结构cache n高速缓冲存储器seek vt搜索enhanced adj增强的resolution 分辨率dpi n点/英寸audio n音频P&P plug and play 即插既用security n安全性lock n锁password n口令on-site adj所在地的pre-load vt预装AC交流电consumption n消耗diagonal adj对角线的dimension n大小serial impact dot matrix 串行式点阵打印pin n针CPS characters per second 每秒字符数CPI characters per inch 每英寸字符数draft n草稿体印刷质量LQ letter quality书信体印刷质量buffer n打印机缓冲区column n列fanfold n(连续)折叠(打印纸)cut sheet 单页打印纸capacity n容量original n正本,原稿resident adj驻留的font n字体operational adj操作的panel n面板button n按扭LED n指示灯ribbon n色带cassette n盒MTBF mean time between failures 平均故障间隔时间Microsoft Visual Basic 微软公司的Visual Basic语言standard n标准版professional n专业版enterprise edition n企业版recommend vt推荐compatible adj兼容的Lesson four.plug into 将..插入outlet n插座module n模块kit n块,包automatically adv自动地update vt更新configuration n配置sequence n次序,序列boot vi引导flash vi闪烁,发光version n版本prompt n提示indicate vt 指明,表明default adj默认的,缺省的adjust vt调整contrast n对比度brightness n亮度comfort n舒适batch n批,成批manually adv手动地simultaneously adv同时地disappear vi消失antivirus vi防病毒protection n保护detect vt检测remove vt 去除virus n病毒power on /off电源开/关signal in 信号线插口reset vt 复位Turbo n切换主频按钮K/lock key/lock 钥匙/锁Esc escape vt强迫终止Tab table vt制表Caps lock 大写锁定/大小写切换shift vt换挡Ctrl control vt 控制Alt alternate vt切换spacebar n空格键条backspace BS n回退Enter vt打入,回车换行Num Lock 数字键锁定keypad n辅助小键盘Home n开始位置End n结束位置Insert INS vt插入Delete DEL vt删除page up 前进翻页page down 后退翻页print screen PRT SC屏幕拷贝Scroll Lock 屏幕锁定(不滚动)pause vi暂停function key 功能键break vt中止@ (at) n 在^ (caret) n脱字符# (No.) n号LOAD PARK 装纸到位ONLINE n联机OFFLINE n脱机LF/FF line feed/form feed (打印纸)走行/走页tear off撕纸page out 缺纸Ready adj就绪的Busy adj忙的install vt安装conventional adj常规的customize vt剪裁,定制startup n启动initialize vt初始化self-test vi自检debug vt 诊断strike/press/depress/hit the key击键cursor n光标highlight n高亮度click vt单击double click 双击drag and drop 拖放respond vi响应directory n 目录offer vt提供hierarchical adj层次的branch n分支branch into 化入分支subdirectory n子目录appropriate adj合适的create vt建立search vt 查找,搜索search for 查找bracket n括弧optional adj可选的specify vt指定current adj当前的root n根upper adj高位的adapter n适配器extended adj扩展的xpanded adj扩充的reserved adj保留的extension n扩展名Lesson FiveGUI graphical user interface 图形用户界面specific adj特定的element n元素menu n菜单bar n条icon n图标be indicated by由...表示folder n文件夹clipboard n剪贴板temporary adj临时的storage n存储area n区域accessory n附件spreadsheet n电子表格personalize vt个性化remotely adv遥远的efficiently adv有效的administrator n管理员legacy n遗传,遗产multimedia n多媒体reliability n可靠性powerful adj强大的performance n性能parameter n参数switch n开关DIR directory vt列目录path n路径diagram n结构图wildcard n通配符syntax n语法format n格式formatting n格式化copy vt拷贝source diskette源盘target diskette目标盘rename vt换名list vt列出清单backup n备份restore vt恢复append vt附加attribute ATTRIB n属性call vt调用remark n注解erase (delete) vt删除undelete vt恢复被删除文件echo vt回显sort vt分类,排序set vt设置share vt分享edit vt编辑editor n编辑程序title bar标题条scroll bar滚动条tool bar工具条dialog box对话框status line 状态行program/file manager程序/文件管理器release vt释放open vt打开close vt关闭overwrite vt改写replace vt替换save vt保存save as另存为run vt运行view vt查看show vt查看cascade vt层叠title vt平铺style n字型cut vt箭切paste vt粘贴exit(quit) vt退出cardfile n卡片盒calendar n日历notepad n记事本paintbrush n画笔media player媒体播放器readme n自述文件recorder n记录器OLE object linking and embedding对象连接与嵌入DDE dynamic data exchange 动态数据交换object packager对象包装WYSIWYG what you see is what you get 所见即所得falls into分为shared adj共享的focus n焦点criteria n标准,尺度sensitivity n敏感性literal adj文字的recycle vt回收bin n箱Lesson Six.ruler n标尺margin n页边距indent n缩进量check vt检查spelling n拼写perform vt执行,进行wizard n指南available adj可用的resume n文摘letter n信件memo n便函(备忘录)report n报告meeting agenda会议日程incorporate vt插入,并入attractive adj诱人的according to 按照session n操作期in front of 在...前面separate from使...和..分开examine vt查看preview vt预览dictionary n词典store vt存储combination n组合style n字符样式apply to将...用于...Auto format 自动格式化based on 基于template n模板row n行merge vt合并modify vt修改border n边框shading n阴影'snaking' columns分栏size vt缩放graphic adj图形的wordArt n艺术字multiple adj多个的multiply files多个文件at the same time同时technique n方法full screen editor全屏幕编辑scroll box滚动条drop-down 下拉alignment n对齐方式aligh left 左对齐center n居中bullet n项目符号(圆点或方块)formula n公式hanging indent 悬挂式缩进header and footer页眉和页脚landscape n横向,地形portrait n纵向,肖像line spacing行间距outline view大纲视图page break分页符facing page对开页section break 分节符layout n版面,页面布局status bar状态栏soft return软回车wizard n指南,向导word-wrap自动回车的,字环绕的zoom vt缩放shortcut n快捷gridline n网格线triple-click三击radio button 单选按扭check box 复选框alert box 警告框demo n演示step by step渐进undo vt撤消proof vt审稿redo vt重做Express/Custom Install快速/自定义安装tutorial n连机教学/指南streamlined adj优化了的,流线型的functionality n功能high-impact adj有感染力的intelligent adj聪明的snap vt猛咬,抓住center-align vi居中排列back and forth 来回flexibility n灵活性wrap vt包起来barrier n障碍multilingual adj多种语言的grammar n语法Lesson Seven.Mail n微软公司的电子邮件软件attach vt连接attach to将。
包装专业英语_lesson_4(1)
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Meterial :
Linerboard --- natural kraft; Solid bleached white kraft. Linerboard with a whiter surface provide better graphics. Varying amount of recycled or secondary fiber are used for producing both two components (liner and medium)
147 161 195
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II. Corrugated Board
The most commonly used linerboard grades, based on Mullen burst test grading.
North American Grades Grammage Basis Weight European Grades Grammage 125g 150g -200g 225g 250g 300g 400g 440g
Some guy got locked out of hhitstph:/o/cumses,es.osdhue.etrdieud.ctno/dgpeltaibn through the chimney2/40
II. Corrugated Board
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1. Construction : linerboard and medium Material : heavy paper = containerboard
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II. Corrugated Board
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2 Four types combined board