大学英语系英语教材《语音教程 1》Unit 13

8. Variety
Try to allow our voice to rise and fall naturally, speaking slightly louder or softer, lightly or more firmly as the content of our speech requires. The varied voice contributes to the richness, the colorfulness of the message while the unvaried voice makes the speech monotonous.
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9. Articulation Articulation is the ability to speak fluently, that is, stringing the words together in the correct order for the meaning to be apparent. In normal conversation this is less important because listeners can ask for clarification. However, when giving a formal speech or presentation, it is necessary to articulate clearly. 10. Accents English is the most widely used language in the world. Its pronunciation varies a great deal in different geographical areas. However, although some vocabulary and pronunciation may vary, educated English speakers do understand each other. Listen with your eyes closed and try to catch the rhythm of the language.
How to Make the Best Use of Our Voice
When we begin speaking in public , we would always ask , “Should I be strong and aggressive or humble?” “When should I pause?”…There are no hard—and—fast answers to these questions. Speech delivery is a matter of nonverbal communication. It is not based on words, but how we use our voice and body to convey our message expressed by our words. The following points are selected to get beginners started in the right direction.
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− Pronunciation Tips
− 有效的表达在一定程度上取决于说话者如何运用他／她的声音。 声音传递的要素之一便是讲话的语速。大部分母语为英语的演讲者语 速保持在每分钟１２５－１６０个词之间。实际上，演讲者在不同的 部分会变换语速。演讲的语速主要取决于：演讲者的音质、所要营造 的情绪、听众的构成以及演讲的场合。建议问问自己： − 我的声音好听吗？英语讲得好首先要求吐字发音清晰。基础阶段 的发音训练强调各因素的发音位置和发音方法。只有掌握正确的发 音，交流才可能流畅和流利。 − 我的语速太快吗？语速太快往往是缺乏自信和紧张的表现。流利 的标准是吐字清晰，停顿的当，语调优美。不妨平时养成读书计时 的好习惯，养成在文章的段落之间、句子的意群之间，甚至在重要 信息前适当停顿的好习惯。 − 我发言时声音太响或太弱吗？声音太响太弱都是缺乏锻炼的表现。 每天坚持一定时间的朗读有利于声带的打开。经常录制自己的朗读 可以了解自己说话声音的音量大小，同时还要注意其他同学发言时 的课堂表现，以此来改进自己的不足之处。 − 讲英音还是美音？根建据教学议条件、工作生活需要或个人的偏 好来选择英式英语或美式英语。
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3. Voice volume How loud our voice volume should be depends on the setting and audience. Our voice should be sufficiently audible for the audience to follow. Soon after beginning our speech, glance at the people farthest away from us. If they look puzzled or are leaning forward in their seats, we need to talk louder. 4. Speaking rate Rate refers to the speed at which a person speaks. The rate should be compatible with the type of speech, audience and setting. Remember to give time and space for listeners to follow the track of our ideas.
− Lead-in
− Listen to paragraphs 15-21 of Martin Luther King's speech I Have a Dream. In these paragraphs,King dramatizes his dream of all Americans living in freedom and brotherhood.This is the most famous section of the speech.The extensive use of repetition and parallelism reinforces his message and enhances the impact.King controls the rate and rhythm of the message by pauses to lend dramatic impact to a statement.
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7. Pronunciation It is said that the moment you open your mouth, you are placed. When listening to a speech, people tend to be more sensitive to pronunciation. They often judge speakers by their pronunciation. Pronunciation, to some extent, can influence or even determine the success of a speech.
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5. Pause
Learning how and when to pause is a major challenge for most beginning speakers. We pause for emphases or to allow audience to react—laugh, groan, consider, even applaud. A pause can add emphasis, especially if the words are delivered with a different pitch. 6. Clarity
Clarity is the ability to say words clearly and completely. Effective speaking demands distinctive articulation and correct pronunciation. Ask friends for advice when you rehearse to find out which words you cannot utter clearly and make a special effort to practice.
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1. Improving the voice Many effective speakers benefit from their golden voices. Although voice is inborn, it can be improved. Knowing about the mechanism of voice and practicing correctly, we can attain the full potential of our voice. 2. Breathing A good voice is always supported by controlled breath. We tend to get tired when speaking for a long time , our voice can easily become hoarse. Taking a sufficient breath and making use of the breath are two essentials..
Speaking for Success(1) Vocal Deliverye Daisy