高中英语语法高考定语从句讲解与练习讲义

定语从句

定语从句起了形容词的作用，在句中修饰一个名词或代词。被修饰的词叫做先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，他的作用一是放在先行词与定语从句中间起了连接作用，二是在从句中担当一个成分，并与先行词保持数的一致。

一、定语从句重点备考

考点1：关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中的运用以及that和which的区别使用。

考点2：定语从句与强调句和同位语从句的区别。

考点3：“介词＋关系代词”与关系词whose和which作定语的区别。如：whose book ＝the book of whom等；关系副词when，where，why和“介词＋which”之间

的关系。

考点4：关系副词、关系代词的区别运用。近几年来，关系词where引导的不表示具体真实地点的定语从句是常考的热点，要着重复习。

二、一眼看穿定语从句

（1）定语从句中缺一成分，缺的这个成分就是先行词。

（2）在所有的从句中，只有定语从句中缺成分。如果从句中却成分，那一定是定语从句。

（3）定语从句和主句之间没有连词，但是有关系词，相当于连词，起连词的作用。

也就是说，在两个句子之间存在连词的话，就一定不是定语从句。

做题独家秘笈：不用专门去背什么时候只能用that不能用which，什么时候又只能用which 不能用that。

做题时确定是that和which二选一之时，

只要空格前没有“逗号”和“介词”那就选填that。

练习

一、过关斩将

1. I shall never forget those years I lived in the country with the farmers,

has a great effect on my life.

A. that, which

B. when, which

C. which, that

D. when, who

2. I can never forget the day we worked together and the day we spent together.

A. when, which

B. which, when

C. what, that

D. on which, when

3. Is this the house Jim was born?

A. at where

B. which

C. in which

D. at that

4. Is this house Jim bought last year?

A. that

B. where

C. the one

D. which that

5. The house roof was damaged has now been repaired.

A. that

B. of which

C. whose

D. who’s

二、前世今生

1. I will never forget the day I came to Princeton High School on.

I will never forget the day I came to Princeton High School.

2. Princeton High School is the school I am studying in.

Princeton High School is the school I am studying.

3. Could you tell me the reason you are late for?

Could you tell me the reason you are late?

三、藕断丝连

1. This is the very knife which I used to cut apples.

2. The speed which you drive your car mustn’t too high.

3. He referred me to some reference books which I am not very familiar.

4. She gave us a lovely lesson which all the students are very interested.

5. What were the things which he was not too sure?

四、似是而非

1. I miss the time we spent together.

I miss the time there is no homework.

2. The room I have to clean every day belongs to my mother.

The room he once lived is still there.

3. The reason I don’t know is known to him.

The reason I don’t know the thing is that I was not there then.

五、小试牛刀

1. (2017北京) The little problems ______ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.

A. that

B. as

C. where

D. when

2. (2017天津) My eldest son, _______ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.

A. that

B. whose

C. his

D. who

3. (2017江苏) In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of _____ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.

A. which

B. it’s

C. whose

D. whom

4. (2016全国Ⅰ) My connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, ________ I was the first Western TV reporter.

5. (2016·全国Ⅱ，阅读A) Simon is a comedian and actor ________has 10 years’ experience of teaching comedy.

6. (2016·全国Ⅱ，阅读D) Frank Hurley, a confident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic, was hired to make the images, most of ________have never before been published.

7. (2016·全国Ⅲ) Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius，________lived from roughly 551 to 479 B. C, influenced the development of chopsticks.

8. (2016·全国Ⅲ，完形) When I was 13 my only purpose was to become the star on our football team. That meant beating out Miller King, ________was the best player at our school.

六、融会贯通

在设空处填入一个适当的关系代词或关系副词，使文章结构完整，语意通顺。

There was a time __1__ I was tired of learning English and disliked to speak English. And this is the reason __2__ my father forced me to join in a 30－day training in an English club before I went to senior high school. When I first came to the club，__3__ I met many strangers, I missed my parents very much. So I packed up my things and wanted to go home. Fortunately, my guide __4__ teacher was Li Yang, communicated with me face to face, from __5__ I gained some useful instructions. He also showed me a good partner, and we got along well with each other. Gradually I adapted to the life there. Every day I would like to talk to other teenagers and set down a series of activities __6__ we did. My father and the guide __7__ encouraged me to fall in love with English should be appreciated. Now I feel it interesting to learn English, into __8__ I put my entire energy. Every day I will read my words and passages aloud. In class I will join in English discussions. Before I go to sleep, I will recall my passages, through __9__ I can memorize a large number of new words.__10__ our English teacher says,“As long as we form the habit of learning English every day and have perseverance, we will conquer English sooner or later.”