高考真题训练
近五年高考试卷真题语文
一、现代文阅读（每小题5分，共30分）1. 阅读下面的文字，完成下列小题。
① 草原，是天地间最为宽广的画布，它用绿色的画笔，描绘出一幅幅壮丽的画卷。
在这片广袤的土地上，生活着一群勤劳、勇敢、善良的蒙古族人民。
他们在这片土地上繁衍生息，用自己的智慧和汗水，创造了独特的草原文化。
② 蒙古包是草原上最具特色的民居。
它由蒙古族人民自己搭建，用羊毛、木棍和泥土构成。
蒙古包内部装饰简单而温馨，体现了蒙古族人民的审美情趣。
每当夜幕降临，蒙古包里传来阵阵欢声笑语，那是草原人民在欢庆丰收、迎接佳节。
③ 草原上的生活充满了诗意。
蒙古族人民骑马、射箭、摔跤，这些传统技艺代代相传。
在草原上，他们追逐着骏马，驰骋在广袤的原野，尽情地享受大自然的恩赐。
每当夏末秋初，草原上的牧民们会举行盛大的那达慕大会，欢庆丰收，祈求来年风调雨顺。
④ 草原文化是中华民族优秀传统文化的重要组成部分。
它见证了蒙古族人民的勤劳、勇敢和智慧，也展现了草原的壮美和生命的活力。
今天，我们应当传承和弘扬草原文化，让更多的人了解和喜爱这片神奇的土地。
（1）下列对文本相关内容和艺术特色的分析鉴赏，不正确的一项是（）A. 文章通过描绘草原的美丽景色和蒙古族人民的生活，展现了草原文化的独特魅力。
B. 文章运用了丰富的修辞手法，如比喻、排比等，使文章语言生动形象。
C. 文章通过描写蒙古包、那达慕大会等，展现了草原人民的生活习俗和节日庆典。
D. 文章的结尾强调了传承和弘扬草原文化的重要性，表达了作者对草原的热爱之情。
（2）下列对文本相关内容和艺术特色的分析鉴赏，不正确的一项是（）A. 文章开头用“草原，是天地间最为宽广的画布”比喻草原的美丽，生动形象。
B. 文章中“在这片广袤的土地上，生活着一群勤劳、勇敢、善良的蒙古族人民”一句，用“勤劳、勇敢、善良”三个词概括了蒙古族人民的品质。
C. 文章通过描写蒙古包、那达慕大会等，展现了草原人民的生活习俗和节日庆典。
D. 文章的结尾强调了传承和弘扬草原文化的重要性，表达了作者对草原的热爱之情。
高考英语作文真题训练50题含参考范文
高考英语写作真题训练50题含参考范文学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、概要写作1．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Hugging’s Evolutionary OriginsAfter long stretches of social isolation, many of us are longing for the warmth of a hug. Degges-White, a professor focused on social relationships, says that our need for a hug goes all the way back to the survival of our species. When we’re born, we can’t care for ourselves and we need to be comfortable with being held in order to survive. We’re rewarded with a rush of feel-good hormones that come from a nice embrace.When we hug, our brains release the oxytocin hormone, making us feel connected. This connection and sense of community has an important evolutionary role because for humans, the security of our small groups and later communities was crucial to survival. Close contact helped build civilization. We may not know what we are getting from greeting our friends and family with a hug; we just enjoy it. It isn’t until those experiences are taken away that we feel pain and sadness. An elbow bump or air greeting are not enough. Research published in the journal Psychological Science has shown that hugging has a “stress cushioning” effect that may even protect us from chronic illness and infections.When children don’t experience healthy touch, it can impact their development. Kids who didn’t grow up being held, miss out on that sense of safety and protection. They may act out or isolate themselves from those around them. In some cases, the opposite may also be true. Some children may show too much affection, eager for any form of positive attention that they didn’t get at home.Still, to hug or not to hug? That’s the question right now. According to Degges-White, if you’re both vaccinated, go for it; research has shown that the risk of transmission is extremely low. And if you’re vaccinated but you don’t know for sure whether the person you’re hugging has also been vaccinated, it’s still most likely safe.【答案】Hugging has an evolutionary origin. First, new-borns need hugging to survive, for it makes them feel comfortable. Besides, hugging means close contact, which helped to build civilization. When people hug, they feel more bonded. Additionally, hugging helps people feel less stressed and its absence can affect kids’ development negatively. Therefore, huggingis recommended for people who are vaccinated.【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。
如何利用高考真题进行针对性训练
如何利用高考真题进行针对性训练高考对于每一位学子来说都是人生中的一次重要挑战，而高考真题则是备考过程中最宝贵的资源之一。
通过合理有效地利用高考真题进行针对性训练，可以帮助我们更好地了解高考的命题规律、考试重点和题型特点，从而提高备考效率和考试成绩。
那么，究竟应该如何利用高考真题进行针对性训练呢？首先，要明确高考真题的重要性。
高考真题是由专业的命题人员经过精心设计和筛选而成的，具有很高的权威性和代表性。
它们反映了高考的命题趋势和难度水平，能够帮助我们准确把握高考的方向。
与模拟题相比，高考真题更加严谨、科学，能够有效地检验我们的知识掌握程度和解题能力。
在开始利用高考真题进行训练之前，我们需要做好充分的准备工作。
第一步，要系统地复习基础知识。
高考真题往往是对基础知识的综合运用和拓展延伸，如果基础知识不扎实，就很难正确解答真题。
因此，要对照高考大纲，将各个学科的知识点进行梳理和巩固，确保没有遗漏。
第二步，要制定合理的训练计划。
根据自己的学习情况和时间安排，确定每天或每周进行真题训练的时间和数量。
同时，要注意合理分配不同学科和不同题型的训练时间，做到全面兼顾、重点突出。
在进行真题训练时，要注重方法和技巧。
首先，要按照考试规定的时间和要求完成真题。
这样可以帮助我们熟悉考试的节奏和氛围，提高答题速度和时间管理能力。
在答题过程中，要认真审题，理解题意，抓住关键信息。
对于选择题，要善于运用排除法、对比法等技巧，提高答题的准确性；对于主观题，要注意答题的规范性和逻辑性，分点作答，条理清晰。
其次，做完真题后，要认真核对答案，分析自己的错误原因。
对于做错的题目，要仔细研究答案的解题思路和方法，找出自己的不足之处，并进行针对性的强化训练。
同时，要总结答题的经验和技巧，形成自己的解题方法和策略。
除了进行单独的真题训练，还可以对真题进行分类整理和归纳总结。
将同一学科、同一知识点或同一题型的真题放在一起进行比较分析，找出它们的共性和规律。
高考英语真题练习——语法填空(含答案)
语法填空一．词汇应用（共1小题）1．（2018•浙江）Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook．Making Chinese（1）（dish）is seen as especially troublesome．Many westerners（2）come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap（3）can be to eat out．I still remember（4）（visit）a friend who'd lived here for five years and I（5）（shock）when I learnt she hadn't cooked once in all that time．While regularly eating out seems to（6）（become）common for many young people in recent years，it's not without a cost．The obvious one is money；eating out once or twice a week may be（7）（afford）but doing this most days adds up．There could be an even（8）（high）cost on your health．Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in（9）（weigh）problems．If you are not going to suffer this problem，then I suggest that the next time you go to your mums'home（10）dinner，get a few cooking tips from her．Cooking food can be fun．You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your pocket．二．语法填空（共20小题）2．（2020•山东）Many people have the hobby of collecting things，e．g．stamps，postcard or antiques．In the18th and19th centuries，（1）（wealth）people travelled and collected plants，historical objects and works of art．They kept their collection at home until it got too big（2）until they died，and then it was given to a museum．The80，000objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane，for example，（3）（form）the core collection of the British Museum（4）opened in1759．The parts of a museum open to the public（5）（call）galleries or rooms．Often，only a small part ofa museum's collection（6）（be）on display．Most of it is stored away or used for research．Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors．As well as looking at exhibits，visitors can play with computer simulations（模拟）and imagine（7）（they）living at a different time in history or （8）（walk）through a rainforest．At the Jorvik Centre in York，the city's Viking settlement is recreated，and people experience the sights，sounds and smells of the old town．Historical（9）（accurate）is important but so is entertainment．Museums must compete（10）people's spare time and money with other amusements．Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children．3．（2020•浙江）Some time after10，000BC，people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived （1），through agriculture．Over thousands of years，they began to depend less on（2）could be hunted or gathered from the wild，and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown．Farming produced more food per person（3）hunting and gathering，so people were able to raise more children．And，as more children were born，more food（4）（need）．Agriculture gave people theirfirst experience of the power of technology（5）（change）lives．By about6000BC，people（6）（discover）the best crops to grow and animals to raise．Later，they learned to work with the（7）（season），planting at the right time and，in dry areas，（8）（make）use of annual floods to irrigate（灌溉）their fields．This style of farming lasted for quite a long time．Then，with（9）rise of science，changes began．New methods（10）（mean）that fewer people worked in farming．In the last century or so，these changes have accelerated．New power machinery and artificial fertilizers（化肥）have now totally transformed a way of life that started in the Stone Age．4．（2020•河北、湖南、湖北、江西、广东、安徽、福建）China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon．The unmanned Chang'e﹣4probe（探测器）﹣the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess﹣（1）（touch）down last week in the South Pole﹣Aitken basin．Landing on the moon's far side is（2）（extreme）challenging．Because the moon's body blocks direct radio communication with a probe，China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot（3）it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth．The far side of the moon is of particular（4）（interesting）to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters（环形山），more so（5）the familiar near side．Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang'e﹣4（6）（find）and study areas of the South Pole﹣Aitken basin．"This really excites scientists，"Carle Pieters，a scientist at Brown University，says，"because it（7）（mean）we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon（8）（construct）．"Data about the moon's composition，such as how（9）ice and other treasures it contains，could help China decide whether（10）（it）plans for a future lunar（月球的）base are practical．5．（2020•浙江）Something significant is happening to the world population﹣it is aging．The median（中位数的）age of an American in1950（1）（he）30﹣today it is41and is expected（2）（increase）to42 by2050．For Japan，the（3）（number）are more striking22in1950，46today and53in2050．In 2015，one in12people around the world were over65；by2050，it will be one in six．This aging of the population is driven（4）two factors．The first is declining birth rates：which means old generations are Large（5）（compare）to younger generations，and so，on average，the population becomes（6）（old）than before．This is（7）（particular）true in the US．Thesecond reason is that people are living longer．A child born in the US today has（8）very realistic chanceof living beyond100and needs to plan accordingly．People tend to focus on the first factor．However，greater attention should（9）（place）on longevity （长寿）．It isn't just that people are，on average，living longer．It's also that they are on average healthier （10）more productive for longer．Therefore，they can work for longer，consume more and in general be boost to the economy．6．（2019•上海）Millions of Baby Olive Ridley Turtles Emerge in OrissaNature is full of wonders．In（1）is one of the most breathtaking sights in nature，millions of baby Ridley turtles broke out of their eggshells under the sand at one of their mass nesting grounds in coastal Orissa．The baby turtles started their journey towards the Bay of Bengal（2）they emerged from their nest in the southern district of Ganjam，about175km from Bhubaneshwar．Orissa is the home to three mass nesting sites of the Oliver turtles，a species（3）（threaten）with extinction，and one of the sites，Gahirmatha，（4）around70to80million turtles lay eggs on the beach every year，is considered one of the world's largest nesting sites．The female turtles drag（5）up the beach from the sea，dig a nest，lay at least one hundred eggs，cover and conceal their eggs and nest，and then return to the sea．The females never visit the nest again to take care of the eggs that（6）（deposit）in the warm sand．The baby turtles emerge from the eggs after4560days，then the babies grow without their mother，which is a rare phenomenon in nature，Interestingly，it is on the same beach where they were born（7）the females lay their eggs．In the recent years，sea erosion has led to many turtles'nest（8）（damage）or destroyed．Also，some fierce animals such as dogs and birds（9）（reduce）the number of nesting turtles．And of course man has also had a negative impact（10）using engine﹣powered fishing boats near the turtles'nesting grounds．7．（2019•北京）AOn the first day of my first grade，I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach．I（1）（voice）my biggest concern to my mother，"How will I make friends？"She handed me advice，"Be yourself．"For thepast20years，I have lived by these words．Soon I will graduate and become part of the real world．Nervously （2）（face）challenges，I know I will whisper to（3）（I）the two simple words"Be yourself"．BEarth Day，（4）（mark）on22April，is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection．First celebrated（5）1970，the Day now includes events in more than190 countries and regions（地区）．No matter what you like to do，there is a way to get involved in various（6）（activity）on Earth Day．You can plant a tree，make a meal with locally grown vegetables，or save power﹣the possibilities are endless．CDoes the name of the college you attend really matter？Research on the question（7）（suggest）that，for most students，it doesn't．What students do at college seems to matter much more than（8）they go．The students benefitting most from college are those（9）are totally engaged（参与）in academic life，taking full advantage of the college's chances and resources（资源）．Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend，and it's never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and（10）（meaning）college experience．8．（2019•浙江）There are several reasons why school uniforms are good idea．First of all，uniforms help the school look smart．The students feel that they belong to a particular group．When every pupil in the school wears the uniform，nobody（1）（have）to worry about fashion（时尚）．Everybody wears（2）same style of clothes．Uniforms can be useful in unexpected ways．A school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new uniform．On the edge of the jacket，there is a piece of cloth（3）gives off light in the dark．When the children are walking or（4）（cycle）to school on dark mornings，car drivers can（5）（easy）see them．But can uniforms help improve school standards？The answer（6）this question is not clear．One study in America found that students'grades（7）（improve）a little after the school introduced uniforms．But some students didn't want（8）（wear）the uniform．Other American studies showedno（9）（connect）between uniforms and school performance．School uniforms are（10）（tradition）in Britain，but some schools are starting to get rid of them．Some very good schools don't have a uniform policy．However，uniforms are still popular．Pupils at about90percent of British secondary schools wear uniforms．9．（2019•海南）A90﹣year﹣old has been awarded"Woman Of The Year"for（1）（be）Britain's oldest full﹣time employee﹣still working40hours a week．Now Irene Astbury works from9am to5pm daily at the petshop in Macclesfield，（2）she opened with her late husband Les．Her years of hard work have（3）（final）been acknowledged after a customer nominated（提名）her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year．Picking up her"Lifetime Achievement"award，proud Irene（4）（declare）she had no plans（5）（retire）from her36﹣year﹣old business．Irene said，"I don't see any reason to give up work．I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I（6）（make）over the years．I work not because I have to，（7）because I want to．"Granddaughter Gayle Parks，31﹣who works alongside her in the family business﹣said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award．She said，"We don't have any idea who put grandma forward．When we got a call（8）（say）she was short﹣listed，we thought it was（9）joke．But then we got an official letter and we were blown away．We are so proud of her．It's（10）（wonder）．"10．（2018•上海）My Kid﹣free LifeI had expected to have more free time after my sons，Evan and Alex，each left for college，and I do．The kitchen calendar looks spare．Rarely（1）I need to prepare family dinner every day．There is a lot（2）（little）laundry．When the boys were infants，I wondered how I（3）（spend）all the hours before they were born．（4）I have those hours back，I can focus on my own needs．I had also expected to worry about them when they were away．And I do，Did they get their flu shots（流感疫苗注射）？Will they remember the talks about"good choices"？On the other hand，the worry is mixed with relief．I have seen（5）vigorously they grow without me．Do I miss them？Yes．Both more and less than I'd guessed．Do I feel united for having lost my primary rolein life？No，because over the year，I took great pride（6）the fact that my identity was not dependenton theirs．But，surprisingly，yes．（7）（be）a different kind of mother defines me now．The missing comes at unexpected moments：seeing the school bus drive by，starting to put too many plates on the table．When they have doubts about friendships or job prospects，I can only say，"I'm sure you will figure it out．"And yet，the spaces（8）（empty）by loss are more than filled by what I've found．I now have the chance（9）（see）them as the whole world does but also like no one else ever will．As adults I happened to help create．The rooms（10）the boys used to live look vacant．I feel sadness but also joy．I knew they would leave，but they will find their way back．My home is empty．But overflowing．11．（2018•上海）A comprehensive study of4，500children conducted by the National Institutes of Health in2018 shows that children who spent more than seven hours a day staring at screens showed evidence of premature thinning of their brain's cortex the outer layer that processes sensory information．"We don't know if it（1）（cause）by the screen time．We don't know yet if it's a bad thing．It won't be until we follow them over time （2）we will see if there are outcomes that are associated with the differences that we're seeing in this single snapshot，"Dr．Gaya Dowling．"What we can say is that this is（3）the brains look like of kids who spend a lot of time on screens．And it's not just one pattern．"The problem isn't just screens（4），but also the way screens tempt kids（and adults）away from something far more important：physical activity．More than23percent of adults and80percent of adolescents don't get enough physical activity，and according to a2019report from the World Health Organization（WHO），these patterns of activity and rest arise（5）habits we develop early in life．"What we really need to do is （6）（bring）back play for children，"says Dr．Juana Willumsen，a WHO specialist in childhood obesity and physical activity，in a statement about new WHO guidelines issued in April2019．"This is about making the shift from sedentary time to playtime，while（7）（protect）sleep．"Of course，children aren't completely to blame for their screen addiction．Sometimes，the parents（8）complain about the role of screens in family life are just as guilty of spending too much time in front of one．A2016study（9）（conduct）by Common Sense Media found that parents spend up to nine hours a day in front of screens，mostly not for work﹣related reasons．While78 percent of parents said they believed they were good screen time role models，the study found a disconnect between their behavior and their perception of their behavior．Parents need to limit screen time for themselves and especially for their kids（10）it means playing the bad guy．Our mental and physical health depends on it．12．（2018•浙江）The Caffeine CatchCaffeine，a chemical typically found in coffee，has caused a lot of concern because it is one of the few drugs that show up regularly in our food supply．You probably（1）（use）caffeine since childhood．Caffeine （2）（be）in your first Coke．If you ever enjoyed a chocolate bar，you ate caffeine．Soft drinks arethe major source（来源）of caffeine for most children and even some adults．（3）（recent），caffeine has found its way into orange，apple，and other flavored drinks．Small amounts of caffeine﹣a cup（4）two of coffee a day﹣seem safe for most people．However，some people have trouble with even small amounts．One cup of coffee（5）the late afternoon or evening will cause（6）（they）to stay awake almost all night．Larger amounts of caffeine can cause a problem （7）（call）caffeinism．You get very nervous and you can't sleep．It is possible（8）caffeine may cause birth defects（缺陷）in humans，too．One study showed that （9）（woman）who drank a lot of coffee，like eight or more cups per day，while they were pregnant were more likely（10）（have）children with birth defects．13．（2017•上海）In the presence of animalsA professor of public health at UCLA says that pet ownership might provide a new form of health care．As far back as the1790s，the elderly at a senior citizens'home in England（1）（encourage）to spend time with farm animals．This would help patients'mental state more than the cruel therapies（2）（use）on the mentally ill at the time．In recent years，scientists have finally begun to find proof（3）contact with animals can increase a sick person's chance of survival and have shown（4）（lower）heart rate，calm upset children，and get people to start a conversation．Scientists think that animals'companionship is beneficial（5）animals are accepting and attentive，and they don't criticize or give orders．Animals have the unique ability to be more social．For example，visitors to nursing homes get more social responses from patients when they come with animal companions．Not only do people seem（6）（anxious）when animals are nearby，but they may also live longer．Studies show that a year（7）heart surgery，survival rates for heart patients were higher for those with pets in their homes than those without pets．Elderly people with pets make fewer trips to doctors than those without animal companions，possibly because animals relieve loneliness．Staying with animals is believed to create a peaceful state of mind，（8）（result）in a favorable environment for everyone．Research confirms that the findings concerning senior citizens can be applied to restless children．They are more easy﹣going when there are animals around，with（9）company they tend to calm down more easily．They involve（10）in playing with animals and the presence of animals conforms them greatly．14．（2017•上海）"Zootopia"Broke Disney RecordsLast weekend，the latest Disney movie，"Zootopia，"broke records．The movie had the largest opening weekend for a Disney animation（动画片）．People across the United States bought more than﹩75million worth of tickets．"Zootopia"is a city of animals．The movie stars a rabbit police officer and a fox criminal（1）team upto find a missing otter（水獭）．He is among several animals that have suddenly disappeared from the city．"Zootopia"（2）（praise）for its sharp humor and strong message since its release．The film explores racism and other issues in its description of relations（3）two kinds of animals in the city．Jared Bush and Phil Johnston wrote"Zootopia．"They told reporters that it started out as a spy movie（4）（set）in several different contexts．But they changed the story（5）they found the animal world especially interesting．They said to（6）something like this．"What's this world like？What's the history of this world？"And then，Bush said，they went to the experts．Not only（7）the writers speak with people who study couture and group behavior，but also they talked with animal experts like zookeepers．The creators have noted that the variety of animals was not easy（8）（produce）in drawings．In the movie，64species live in multiple neighborhoods（9）（represent）different animals'living environments．Disney says"Zootopia"is its（10）（complex）animation yet．The extra effort is certainly paying off at the box office．15．（2017•浙江）Last October，while tending her garden in Mora，Sweden，Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handfulof small（1）（carrot）and was about to throw them away．But something made her look closer，andshe noticed a（2）（shine）object．Yes，there beneath the leafy top of one tiny carrot was her long﹣lost wedding ring．Pahlsson screamed（3）loudly that her daughter came running from the house．"she thought I had hurt （4）（I），"says Pahlsson．Sixteen years（5）（early），Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring（6）（cook）a meal．When she wanted to put the ring back on later，it was gone．She suspected that one of her three daughters ﹣then ten，eight，and six﹣had picked it up，but the girls said they hadn't．Pahlsson and her husband（7）（search）the kitchen，checking every corner，but turned up nothing．"I gave up hope of finding my ring again，"she says．She never replaced it．Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got（8）（sweep）into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden，（9）it remained until the carrot's leafy top accidentally sprouted（生长）through it．For Pahlsson，its return was（10）wonder．16．（2016•上海）Stress：Good or Bad？Stress used to be an almost unknown word，but now that we are used to talking about it，I have found that people are beginning to get stressed about being stressed．In recent years，stress（33）（regard）as a cause of a whole range of medical problems，from high blood pressure to mental illness．But like so many other things，it is only too much stress（34）does you harm．It is time you considered that if there were no stress in your life，you would achieve a little．If you are stuck at home with no stress，then your level of performance will be low．Up to a certain point，the more stress you are under，the（35）（good）your performance will be．Beyond a certain point，though，further stress will only lead to exhaustion，illness and finally a breakdown．You can tell when you are over the top and on the downward slope，by asking yourself（36）number of questions．Do you，for instance，feel that too much is being expected of（37），and yet find it impossible to say no？Do you find yourself getting impatient or（38）（annoy）with people over unimportant things？…If the answer to all those questionsis yes，you had better（39）（control）your stress，as you probably are under more stress than is goodfor you．To some extent you can control the amount of stress in your life．Doctors have worked out a chart showing how much stress is involved in various events．Getting married is50，pregnancy40，moving house20，Christmas12，etc．If the total stress in your life is over150，you are twice as likely（40）（get）ill．17．（2016•上海）Bags of LoveLast year，I was assigned to work at an office near my mother's house，so I stayed with her for a month．During that time，I helped out with the housework and contributed to the groceries．After less than a week，I started noticing that the groceries were running out pretty quickly﹣we were always suddenly out of something．（25）（wonder）how my mum could consume them so quickly，I began observing her daily routine for two weeks．To my surprise，I found that she would pack a paper bag full of canned goods and head out every morning at about nine．Eventually，I decided to follow her and（26）happened truly amazed me．She was taking the food to the refugee camp，in（27）she distributed it to children．I asked around and found out that my mum was very well known in the area．The kids were very friendly with her and even looked up to her as if she were their own mother．Then it hit me﹣shy would she mot want to tell me about what she（28）（do）？Was she worried about how I would react or that I would stop（29）（buy）the groceries if I found out？When she got home，I told her about my discovery．（30）she could react，I gave her a big hug and told her she didn't need to keep it a secret（31）me．She told me that some of the children lived with an older lady in a shelter while others slept on the streets．For years，my mum has been helping out by giving them whatever food she could spare．I was so impressed by（32）selfless she was．18．（2016•四川）The giant panda（61）（love）by people throughout the world．Chinese scientists（62）（recent）had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby．She was a very（63）（care）mother．For25days，she never left her baby，not even to find something（64）（eat）!She would not let any other pandas come near．She licked the baby constantly to keep it clean．Any smell might attract natural（65）（enemy）that would try to eat the little comforting pats．The mother held the baby in her front paws much the way a human does．（66）it cried，she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats，the mother continued to care for the young panda（67）more than two years．By that time，the panda no longer needed（68）（it）mother for food．However，it stayed with her and leaned about the ways of the forest．Then，after two and a half years，the mother（69）（drive）the young panda away．It was time for her to have a new baby，（70）it was also time for the young panda to be independent．19．（2014•上海）The giant vending machine（自动售货机）is a new village shopVillagers have long been used to facing a drive when they run out of basic supplies．However，help is now nearer at hand in the form of the country's first automatic push﹣button shop．Now residents in the Derbyshire village of Clifton can buy groceries around the clock after the huge vending was installed outside a pub in the village this week．Peter Fox，who is（33）electrical engineer，spent two and a half years working on the project．The machine（34）（equip）with security cameras and alarms，and looks like a mini shop with a brick front，a grey roof and a display window．Mr．Fox said he hoped his invention，（35）is set to be installed in other villages in the area over the coming months，will mark a return to convenience shopping for rural communities．He said："I had this idea a few years ago but I couldn't find a manufacturer who could deliver what I wanted，so I did it by（36）．The result is what amounts to a huge outdoor vending machine．Yet I think the term automatic shop is far（37）（appropriate）．"In recent years，the commercial pressure from supermarket chains（38）（force）village shops across the country to close．In2010，it was estimated that about400village shops closed，（39）（urge）the local government to give financial support to struggling shops or set﹣up new community stores．Hundreds of communities have since stepped in and opened up their own volunteer﹣run shops，but Mr．Fox hopes his new invention will offer a solution（40）those villages without a local shop．20．（2014•上海）My stay in New YorkAfter graduation from university，I had been unable to secure a permanent job in my small town．So I decidedto leave home for New York，（1）I might have a better chance to find a good job．（2）（earn）some money to pay the daily expenses，I started work in a local caféas a waiter．I believed that（3）I was offered a good position，I would resign at once．Over time，the high cost of living became a little burden on my already（4）（exhaust）shoulders．On the other hand，my search for a respectable job had not met with much success．As I had studied literature at university，I found it quite difficult to secure a suitable job in big companies．Mother had said that （5）I wanted to have a better career advancement，I had to find work in the city．Perhaps，（6）my mother had told me was deeply rooted in my mind．I just did as she had expected．Soon I had lived in the city for over six months but I still did not like it．Apparently，I had difficulty（7）（adapt）myself to life in the city，let alone finding a job to my delight．After nine months of frustration．I eventually decided to go back to my small town．Not until I returned（8）I realise that a quiet town life was the best for me．21．（2012•上海）A．maintained B．serious C．indications D．figures E．anxiousF．concern G crisis H．decided I．available J．reversedFilmgoers should be told how many calories there are in the popcorn，ice cream and soft drinks that they buy in cinemas，according to the Food Standard Agency．Smaller popcorn buckets and drink cups should also be made（41），the nutrition inspector said．Tim Smith，chief executive of the agency，told The77mes that cinemas should help to deal with the country's overweight（42）．"There is a misbelief that popcorn is calorie﹣free，but that is not the case．It is a（43）to us，"he said．"Portion sizes are also a big issue，and there seems to be increasingly big packs onsale．"He spoke as a number of food chains such as Pret A Manger，Wimpey and The Real Greek（44）to put calorie counts on all their menus．A trial scheme（试行方案）with21food companies took place last summer，and（45）are that consumers altered their buying habits when they realised the number of calories in a product．A consultation（征询意见）on the trial ends next month but Mr Smith is already planning the second drive for American﹣style calorie counts and is（46）to win support from cinemas and other entertainment places，from football grounds to concert halls．。
历年高考数学真题(全国卷整理版)
参考公式：如果事件A 、B 互斥，则球的外表积公式如果事件A 、B 相互独立，则其中R 表示球的半径()()()P A B P A P B =球的体积公式如果事件A 在一次试验中发生的概率是p ，则334V R π=n 次独立重复试验中事件A 恰好发生k 次的概率其中R 表示球的半径普通高等学校招生全国统一考试一、选择题1、 复数131ii-++= A 2+I B 2-I C 1+2i D 1- 2i 2、集合A ＝{1.3. m }，B ＝{1，m} ,AB ＝A, 则m=A 0或3B 0或3C 1或3D 1或3 3 椭圆的中心在原点，焦距为4 一条准线为*=-4 ，则该椭圆的方程为A 216x +212y =1B 212x +28y =1C 28x +24y =1D 212x +24y =1 4 正四棱柱ABCD- A 1B 1C 1D 1中，AB=2，CC 1=22 E 为CC 1的中点，则直线AC 1与平面BED 的距离为A 2B 3C 2D 1〔5〕等差数列{a n }的前n 项和为S n ，a 5=5，S 5=15，则数列的前100项和为(A)100101 (B) 99101 (C) 99100 (D) 101100〔6〕△ABC 中，AB 边的高为CD ，假设a ·b=0，|a|=1，|b|=2，则(A)〔B 〕 (C) (D)〔7〕α为第二象限角，sin α＋sin β=33，则cos2α=(A)5-3〔B 〕5-9 (C)59 (D)53〔8〕F1、F2为双曲线C：*²-y²=2的左、右焦点，点P在C上，|PF1|=|2PF2|，则cos∠F1PF2=(A)14〔B〕35 (C)34 (D)45〔9〕*=lnπ，y=log52，12z=e，则(A)*＜y＜z 〔B〕z＜*＜y (C)z＜y＜* (D)y＜z＜*(10) 函数y＝*²-3*+c的图像与*恰有两个公共点，则c＝〔A〕-2或2 〔B〕-9或3 〔C〕-1或1 〔D〕-3或1〔11〕将字母a,a,b,b,c,c,排成三行两列，要求每行的字母互不一样，梅列的字母也互不一样，则不同的排列方法共有〔A〕12种〔B〕18种〔C〕24种〔D〕36种〔12〕正方形ABCD的边长为1，点E在边AB上，点F在边BC上，AE＝BF＝73。
高考语文真题试卷及答案
一、现代文阅读（共20分）阅读下面的文字，完成1—3题。
（一）论述类文本阅读（9分，每小题3分）1. 下列关于原文内容的理解和分析，不正确的一项是（）A. 文章开篇通过引用哲学家的话，引出了“创造”这一核心概念。
B. 文章认为，创造是一种精神状态，是一种主动的、有目的的探索过程。
C. 文章指出，创造的过程往往伴随着挫折和失败，但正是这些挫折和失败，激发了人们的创造力。
D. 文章最后强调，每个人都应该拥有创造的勇气和智慧。
2. 下列关于原文论证的相关分析，不正确的一项是（）A. 文章从创造的定义、创造的过程、创造的意义三个方面进行了论述。
B. 文章采用了举例论证的方法，通过具体事例说明了创造的重要性。
C. 文章通过对比论证，突出了创造与模仿的区别。
D. 文章的论证结构清晰，逻辑严密，论据充分。
3. 根据原文内容，下列说法不正确的一项是（）A. 创造是一种需要付出努力的过程，但并不一定能够成功。
B. 创造是一种需要智慧的过程，需要不断地学习和积累。
C. 创造是一种需要勇气的过程，需要敢于挑战权威。
D. 创造是一种需要环境的过程，需要良好的社会氛围。
（二）文学类文本阅读（11分，每小题3分）阅读下面的文字，完成4—6题。
一位年轻人在公园里散步，看到一位老人在喂鸽子。
年轻人好奇地问：“老爷爷，您怎么这么喜欢鸽子呢？”老人微笑着说：“鸽子是一种很有灵性的动物，它们能给人带来快乐。
”年轻人听了老人的话，心里一动，他决定自己也要养鸽子。
于是，他开始学习如何照顾鸽子，如何训练鸽子。
经过一段时间的努力，他的鸽子终于学会了飞翔。
有一天，年轻人带着他的鸽子去公园。
他看到一位小朋友在哭，于是他走过去问：“小朋友，你怎么了？”小朋友说：“我的鸽子飞走了。
”年轻人安慰他说：“别担心，我的鸽子会帮你找回来的。
”年轻人带着鸽子飞上天空，他让鸽子去寻找那只丢失的鸽子。
鸽子很快就找到了那只丢失的鸽子，并把它带回了小朋友的手中。
小朋友非常高兴，连声谢谢年轻人。
高考语文试卷真题
高考语文试卷真题第Ⅰ卷共36分一、15分，每小题3分1.下列词语中加点的字，每对读音都不相同的一组是A.磅秤/磅礴仿佛/佛手瓜刨除/刨根问底B.钥匙/汤匙漩涡/涡轮机调节/调虎离山C.驻扎/扎实亲事/亲家母伎俩/仨瓜俩枣D.果脯/胸脯胳臂/长臂猿倔强/强颜欢笑2.下列词语中，没有错别字的一组是A.签署发贴子雍容华贵万事俱备，只欠东风B.端详螺丝钉额手称庆兵来将挡，水来土掩C.惊诧震慑力眼花瞭乱一言既出，驷马难追D.延袭扫描仪不屈不饶知己知彼，百战不殆3.依次填入下列横线处的词语，最恰当的一组是办公人员的座椅高度是非常有讲究的。
专家___，许多人办公座椅的高度都存在一定问题，久坐会__疲劳感，并出现腰酸背痛的毛病。
正确的做法是：首先根据工作性质把办公桌调整到一个__的高度，然后再依据自身情况来调整座椅的高度。
A.提出产生适合B.提出引发合适C.提醒产生合适D.提醒引发适合4.下列各句中，加点的成语使用恰当的一项是A.对于这座神秘的古代墓葬，专家们希望能从漫无边际的史料中找到一些关于它的蛛丝马迹。
B.从长辈们的闲言碎语中，他了解到父亲乔明志曾经是一位屡立奇功、威名赫赫的抗日英雄。
C.在44年的记者生涯中，他创作了一批优秀的新闻作品，在中国新闻史上留下了浓墨重彩的一笔。
D.市场调查发现，国内一些商家销售的红木家具质量良莠不齐，有关部门提醒消费者选购时要谨慎。
5.下列各句中，没有语病的一句是A.朝鲜艺术家这次来华表演的歌剧《红楼梦》，受到了中国观众的热烈欢迎，给予了很高的评价。
B.《尚书》记载，东方的夷人部落民风淳朴，人们好让不争且取予有度，因此这个部落被称为“君子之国”。
C.据西藏自治区统计局发布的最新数据显示，在自治区常住人口中，藏族人口占九成以上，为271.6万人。
D.随着大运会的日益临近，深圳随处可见志愿者忙碌的身影，迎接大运会已成为展现志愿者风采的广阔舞台。
二、9分，每小题3分阅读下面的文字，完成6~8题。
04全国高考甲卷(20222024)三年高考真题集训2025年高考语文一轮复习之文言文阅读
【2025高考一轮复习考点专题精练】20222024年全国高考甲卷真题汇总训练（2022·全国甲卷·）阅读下面的文言文，完成1013题。
齐助楚攻秦，取曲沃。
其后秦欲伐齐，齐、楚之交善，惠王患之，谓张仪曰：“吾欲伐齐，齐、楚方欢，子为寡人虑之，奈何？”张仪曰：“王其为臣约车并币，臣请试之。
”张仪南见楚王，曰：“今齐王之罪其于敝邑之王甚厚，敝邑欲伐之，而大国与之欢。
大王苟能闭关绝齐，臣请使秦王献商于之地，方六百里。
若此，则是北弱齐，西德于秦，而私商于之地以为利也，则此一计而三利俱至。
”楚王大说，宣言之于朝廷曰：“不榖得商于之田，方六百里。
”群臣闻见者毕贺，陈轸后见，独不贺。
楚王曰：“不榖不须一兵不伤一人而得商于之地六百里寡人自以为智矣诸士大夫皆贺子独不贺何也”陈轸对曰：“臣见商于之地不可得，而患必至也。
”王曰：“何也？”对曰：“夫秦所以重王者，以王有齐也。
今地未可得而齐先绝，是楚孤也，秦又何重孤国？且先绝齐，后责地，必受欺于张仪。
是西生秦患，北绝齐交，则两国兵必至矣。
”楚王不听，曰：“吾事善矣！子其弭口无言，以待吾事。
”楚王使人绝齐。
张仪反，秦使人使齐，齐、秦之交阴合。
楚因使一将军受地于秦。
张仪知楚绝齐也，乃出见使者曰：“从某至某，广从六里。
”使者反报楚王，楚王大怒，欲兴师伐秦。
陈轸曰：“伐秦，非计也。
王不如因而赂之一名都，与之伐齐，是我亡于秦而取偿于齐也。
”楚王不听，遂举兵伐秦。
秦与齐合，楚兵大败于杜陵。
故楚之土壤士民非削弱，仅以救亡者，计失于陈轸，过听于张仪。
（节选自《战国策·秦策二》）10．下对文中划线部分的断句，正确的项是（）A．不榖不烦一兵/不伤一人而得/商于之地六百里/寡人自以为智矣/诸士大夫皆贺子/独不贺/何也/B．不榖不烦一兵/不伤一人/而得商于之地六百里/寡人自以为智矣/诺士大夫皆贺/子独不贺/何也/C．不榖不烦一兵/不伤一人/而得商于之地六百里/寡人自以为智矣/诸士大夫皆贺子/独不贺/何也/D．不榖不烦一兵/不伤一人而得/商于之地六百里/寡人自以为智矣/诸士大夫皆贺/子独不贺/何也/【解析】“不烦一兵”和“不伤一人”字数相同，结构相似，都是后文“得商于之地六百里”的前提，“而”是连词，所以“而”之前应断开，由此排除A、D。
高考语文古诗默写真题及答案
高考语文古诗默写真题及答案【真题训练】1.（2014年大纲全国卷）《荀子·劝学》以蚯蚓为例，论证了为学必须锲而不舍，坚持不懈；同篇中与之相反的例证是：“蟹六跪而二螯，非蛇鳝之穴无可寄托者，用心躁也。
”2.（2016年全国卷Ⅰ）《荀子·劝学》指出，蚯蚓虽然身体柔弱，却能“上食埃土，下饮黄泉”，是用心专一的缘故。
3.（2017年全国卷Ⅲ）《荀子·劝学》中强调了积累的重要性。
以积土成山、积水成渊可以兴风雨、生蛟龙设喻，引出“积善成德，而神明自得，圣心备焉”的观点。
4.（2018年全国卷Ⅲ）《荀子·劝学》中举例论证借助外物的重要性时说，终日殚精竭虑思考，却“不如须臾之所学也”，踮起脚尖极目远望，也“不如登高之博见也”。
5.（2020年全国卷Ⅱ）《荀子·劝学》中举例说，笔直的木材如果“輮以为轮”，就会弯曲到符合圆规的标准；即使再经过曝晒也不会挺直，因为“輮使之然也”。
6.（2020天津卷）在“停课不停学”期间的云班会上讨论“学习和思考的关系”，你想强调学习重要性，可以引用《荀子·劝学》中的“吾尝终日而思矣，不如须臾之所学也。
”【应用训练】1.《劝学》中通过“木”与“金”的变化来进一步说明客观事物经过人工改造，可以改变原来的状况的两句是：故木受绳则直，金就砺则利。
2.《论语》中孔子说：“学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。
”论述了学习和思考的关系，在荀子的《劝学》中，也有一句直接提到了学与思的关系的句子是：吾尝终日而思矣，不如须臾之所学也。
3.《劝学》中以雕刻为喻，强调学习应当坚持，说明只有坚持不懈、持之以恒，才会有所成就的句子是：锲而不舍，金石可镂。
4.儒道两家都曾用行路来形象地论述了积累的重要性。
《老子》中说“九层之台，起于累土；千里之行，始于足下。
”荀子在《劝学》中说“故不积跬步，无以至千里。
”5.《劝学》中在强调学习必须持之以恒时，用劣马与好马进行对比以说理的句子是：骐骥一跃，不能十步；驽马十驾，功在不舍。
高考英语语法填空专项分类训练：专题13 名词性从句100题 (高考真题+名校模拟真题)
29．The questionwe should call in a specialist was answered by the family doctor.
10.(2019·江苏卷)Scientists have obtained more evidence _______ plastic is finding its wayinto the human body.
11.(2019·新课标I卷)While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence___61___they range all theway across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.
24．I like this jacket. I wonderthey have it in different sizes.
25．we have achieved during the past 40-plus years of reform and opening-up shows that reform is the key to boosting productivity.
22．She arrived just as we were leaving, but I was not surethis was by accident or by design.
23．I wondermakes this decision and how they come to their conclusion.
2020_2024近五年高考政治真题分类训练专题九文化传承与文化创新
专题九文化传承与文化创新考点1 继承发展中华优秀传统文化题组一一、选择题1. [2024浙江，2分]广袤的神州大地上，到处留下青年奋斗的足印。
从攻克“卡颈项”的科技难题到写好乡村振兴的宏大文章，从筑梦经济建设大舞台到服务社会民生最基层，多数青年扛起责任，勇毅担当，用拼搏奉献书写了新时代青春答卷。
他们用行动( B )①弘扬社会主义核心价值观②构筑中华民族精神③证明中国人民是具有宏大奋斗精神的人民④表明中华民族精神在不同时期有不同表现A. ①②B. ①③C. ②④D. ③④[解析]体现了青年用行动弘扬社会主义核心价值观，①正确↑广袤的神州大地上，到处留下青年奋斗的足印。
从攻克“卡颈项”的科技难题到写好乡村振兴的宏大文章，从筑梦经济建设大舞台到服务社会民生最基层，多数青年扛起责任，勇毅担当，用拼搏奉献书写了新时代青春答卷。
↓青年用行动证明中国人民是具有宏大奋斗精神的人民，③正确材料体现的是广袤青年弘扬中华民族精神，而不是构筑中华民族精神，②不选。
材料强调多数青年用拼搏奉献书写新时代青春答卷，没有体现中华民族精神在不同时期有不同表现，④解除。
2. [2024湖北，3分]云南哈尼族群众把带凹槽的横木当作支配水源的“尺子”，让山间流水经由大小凹槽构成的横木，沿着蜿蜒交织的沟渠支配到一片片梯田。
这千年传承的农耕才智结晶被称为“木刻分水”，体现了取之有度、用之有节的生态理念。
“木刻分水”的强大生命力( C )①得益于传统艺术的充分运用②孕育于人与自然和谐共处的观念③来自于人民的生产生活实践④源自于对传统文化的猛烈认同感A. ①②B. ①④C. ②③D. ③④[解析]“木刻分水”体现了取之有度、用之有节的生态理念，其生命力孕育于人与自然和谐共处的观念，来自于人民的生产生活实践，②③正确，④说法错误。
“木刻分水”属于科学技术的运用，与传统艺术没有关系，①不选。
3. [2024广东，3分]艾思奇被誉为“善用大众话语的人民哲学家”。
高考七选五真题训练(含答案)
高考七选五真题训练1．Secret codes （密码）keep messages private．Banks，companies，and government agencies use secret codes in doing business，especially when information is sent by computer．People have used secret codes for thousands of years．（1）Code breaking never lags（落后）far behind code making．The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography．There are three main types of cryptography．（2）For example，the first letters of"My elephant eats too many eels"Spell out the hidden message"Meet me．"（3）You might represent each letter with a number，for example，Let's number the letters of the alphabet，in order，from 1 to 26．If we substitute a number for each letter，the message"Meet me"would read"13 5 20 13 5．"A code uses symbols to replace words，phrases，or sentences．To read the message of a realcode，you must have a code book．（4）For example，"bridge"might stand for"meet"and"out"might stand for"me．"The message"bridge out"would actually mean"Meet me．"（5）However，it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long．So codes must be changed frequently．A．It is very hard to break a code without the code book．B．In any language，some letters are used more than others．C．Only people who know the keyword can read the message．D．As long as there have been codes，people have tried to break them．E．You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out．F．With a code book，you might write down words that would stand for other words．G．Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet 2．Is Fresh Air Really Good for You？We all grew up hearing people tell us to "go out and get some fresh air．" （1）According to recent studies，the answer is a big YES，if the air quality in your camping area is good．（2）If the air you're breathing is clean﹣which it would be if you're away from the smog of cities﹣then the air is filled with life﹣giving，energizing oxygen．If you exercise out of doors，your body will learn to breathe more deeply，allowing even more oxygen to get toyour muscles（肌肉）and your brain．Recently，people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing（治愈）．（3）In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery．It turns out that just looking at green，growing things can reduce stress，lower blood pressure，and put people into a better mood（情绪）．Greenery is good for us．Hospital patients Who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead．（4）It gives us a great feeling of peace．（5）While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin，they also give is beneficial Vitamin D．To make sure you get enough Vitamin D﹣but still protect your skin﹣put on sunscreen right as you head outside．It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working，and that's plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day's worth of Vitamin D．A．Fresh air cleans our lungs．B．So what are you waiting for？C．Being in nature refreshes us．D．Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight．E．But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said？F．Just as importantly，we tend to associate air with health care．G．All across the country，recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens．3．Color is fundamental in home design﹣something you'll always have in every room．A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you'll love to live in．Do you want a room that's full of life？Professional？Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day？（1），color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel．Over the years，there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point．（2），they can get a little complex．But good news is that there're really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home：the small ones，the medium ones，and the large ones．（3）．They're the little spots of color like throw pillows，mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms．Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa，small color choices bring with them thesignificant benefit of being easily changeable．Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas，dinner tables or bookshelves．（4）．They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones，and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space．The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls，ceilings，and floors．Whether you're looking at wallpaper or paint，the time，effort and relative expense put into it are significant．（5）．A．While all of them are usefulB．Whatever you're looking forC．If you're experimentmg with a colorD．Small color choices are the ones we're most familiar withE．It's not really a good idea to use too many small color piecesF．So it pays to be sure，because you want to get it right the first timeG．Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways4．根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项．选项中有两项为多余选项．If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping．I would have laughed heartily．Campers，in my eyes，were people who enjoyed insects bites，ill﹣cooked meals，and uncomfortable sleeping bags．They had nothing in common with me．（1）．The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer．（2）We sleep in a tent，cooked over an open fire，and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom．This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work，recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor′s bill for my son′s food poisoning．I was，nevertheless，talked into going on another fun﹣filled holiday in thewilderness．（3）Instead，we had a pop﹣up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner．My nature﹣loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life．（4）We have done a lot of it since．Recently，we bought a twenty﹣eight﹣foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built﹣in TV set．There is a separate bedroom，a modern kitchen with a refrigerator．The trailer even has matching carpet andcurtains．（5）It must be true that sooner or later，everyone finds his or her way back to nature．I recommend that you find your way in style．A．This time there was no tent．B．Things are going to be improved．C．The trip they took me on was a rough one．D．I was to learn a lot about camping since then，however．E．I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping．F．After the trip，my family became quite interested in camping．G．There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall．5．Building Trust in a Relationship AgainTrust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences，（1）．That is a risk．But you can't be successful when there's a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake．Unfortunately，we've all been victims of betrayal．Whether we've been suffer from，lied to，misled，or cheated on，there are different levels of losing trust．Sometimes people simply can't trust anymore，（2）．It's understandable，but if you're willing to build trust in a relationship again，we have some steps you can take to get you there．（3）having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well﹣being．（4）If you've been betrayed，you are the victim of your circumstance．But there'sa difference between being a victim and living with a"victim mentality"．At some point in all ofour lives，we'll have our trust tested or violated．You didn't lose"everything"．Once trust is lost，what is left？Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle，look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life．（5）instead，it's a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness．A．Learn to really trust yourself．B．It is putting confidence in someone．C．Stop regarding yourself as the victim．D．Remember that you can expect the best in return．E．They've been too badly hurt and they can't bear to let it happen again．F．This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships．G．Seeing the positive side of things doesn't mean you're ignoring what happened．答案1.DEGFA2.EAGCD3.BADGF4. DCAFE5.BEACG。
高考语文文言文阅读真题训练2011年-2020年十年真题文言文阅读试题含解析答案
十年高考语文2011年-2020年真题文言文阅读试题含答案一、【2020年高考新课标Ⅰ卷】阅读下面的文言文，完成下面小题。
苏轼字子瞻，眉州眉山人。
母程氏亲授以书，闻古今成败，辄能语其要。
嘉佑二年，试礼部，主司．．欧阳修惊喜，殿试．．中乙科，后以书见修，修语梅圣俞曰：“吾当避此人出一头地。
” 洵卒，赠光禄丞。
既除丧，还朝，以判官告院，安石创行新法，轼上书论其不便。
新政日下，轼于其间，每因法以便民，民赖以安。
徙知密州。
司农．．行手实法，不时施行者以违制论。
轼谓提举官曰：“违制之坐，若自朝廷，谁敢不从？今出于司农，是擅造律也。
”提举官惊曰：“公姑徐之。
”未几，朝廷知法害民，罢之。
元祐元年，轼以七品服入侍延和，即赐银绯，迁中书舍人。
三年权知礼部贡举会大雪苦寒士坐庭中噤未能言轼宽其禁约使得尽技巡铺内侍每摧辱举子且持暖昧单词诬以为罪轼尽奏逐之四年，积以论事，为当轴者．．．所恨。
轼恐不见容，请外，拜龙图阁学士、知杭州。
既至杭，大旱，饥疫并作。
轼请于朝，免本路上供米三之一，复得赐度僧牒，易米以救饥者。
明年春，又减价粜常平米，多作饘粥药剂，遣使挟医分坊治病，活者甚众。
轼曰：“杭，水陆之会，疫死比他处常多。
”乃裒羡缗得二千，复发橐中黄金五十两，以作病坊，稍畜钱粮待之。
徽宗立，更三大赦，遂提举玉局观，复朝奉郎，轼自元祐以来，未尝以岁课乞迁。
故官止于此。
建中靖国元年，卒于常州。
轼师父洵为文，既而得之于天。
尝自谓：“作文如行云流水，初无定质，但常行于所当行，止于所不可不止。
”虽嬉笑怒骂之辞，皆可书而诵之。
其体浑涵光芒，雄视百代，有文章以来，盖亦鲜矣。
（节选自《宋史·苏轼传》）10．下列对文中画波浪线部分的断句，正确的一项是（）A．三年/权知礼部贡举/会大雪苦寒/士坐庭中/噤未能言/轼宽其禁约/使得尽技/巡辅内侍每摧辱举子/且持暧昧单词/诬以为罪/轼尽奏逐之/B．三年/权知礼部贡举/会大雪苦寒/士坐庭中噤/未能言轼/宽其禁约/使得尽技/巡辅内侍每摧辱举子/且持暧昧单词/诬以为罪/轼尽奏逐之/C．三年/权知礼部贡举/会大雪苦寒/士坐庭中噤/未能言轼/宽其禁约/使得尽技巡辅内侍/每摧辱举子/且持暧昧单词/诬以为罪/轼尽奏逐之/D．三年/权知礼部贡举/会大雪苦寒/士坐庭中/噤未能言/轼宽其禁约/使得尽技巡辅内侍/每摧辱举子/且持暧昧单词/诬以为罪/轼尽奏逐之/11．下列对文中加点词语的相关内容的解说，不正确的一项是（）A．主司既可指主管某项事务的官员，又可特指科举的主试官，文中指后者。
真题训练 2025年高考地理选择性必修第二册(人教版)
便捷，利于茶叶集散，所以茶店集中分布在河流和公路沿线。
（2024浙江卷）一个区域的水资源总量与该区域的降水量和面积呈正相关。下表为
2022年我国甲、乙两省（区、市）水资源状况表，下图为甲、乙用水量的构成图。完成
第5题。
省 （区、 市）
甲 乙
降水量（毫米）
482.1 987.2
水资源总量 （亿立方米）
C.保障游客安全
D.增加雨水下渗
【解析】 A（×）读图可知，改造田埂、修建鱼道并没有扩大水稻播种，且扩大水稻播
种也不属于生态作用。
B（√）从图中信息可知，原来分割稻田的田埂被改造成鱼道后，鱼可以在稻田里畅游，
拓展了生物通道。
C（×）架空的木栈道安全性相对较低，且保障游客安全不属于生态作用。
D（×）该生态系统主要分布在高温多雨的地区，水资源丰富，修建鱼道主要是为了养
（2） 明代中期，当地形成了较为完备的水 利系统，水稻产量显著提高并有大量余粮输 出。说明堤坝对提高水稻产量的作用。 （6分） 【答案】 增加土地面积，扩大种植规模； 便于防洪、灌溉，提高土地质量，改善种植 条件；防止海潮入侵，保证农田安全。 （6分） 【解析】 读图可知，堤坝主要有外堤和干堤两大类，因此堤坝对提高水稻产量的作用 主要从外堤和干堤两方面的作用进行分析。外堤可防止海潮入侵堤内，保证堤内土地的 安全开发利用，也可增加耕地面积，扩大种植规模。干堤便于防治河道洪水泛滥，利于 灌溉，改善种植条件，保障粮食稳产。
23.7 714.2
用水量 （亿立方米）
40.0 353.1
人均用水量 （立方米）
183.0 605.0
5.两省（区、市）相比( B ) A.甲的人口数量更多 B.乙第一、二产业比例更高 C.甲水环境压力更小 D.乙的地下水回灌量更大 【解析】 从甲、乙用水量的构成图中生活用水量的对比可以判断，乙人口数量较甲多 （表格中用水量除以人均用水量可计算出该地的人口数量），A错误；从甲、乙用水量的 构成图中看，乙的农业用水量和工业用水量很大，远远超过甲，可以判断乙的第一、二 产业比重更高，B正确；甲降水量较小，水资源总量远远小于用水量，水环境的压力更大， C错误；乙年降水量为987.2毫米，位于我国的湿润地区，水资源总量大于用水量，水资源 较充足，过度抽取地下水的状况不是特别严重，因此地下水的回灌量较甲小，D错误。
高考真题阅读系列训练二答案和解析
高考真题阅读系列训练二答案和解析完型填空【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。
作者认为身体语言比言辞更有效，而身体语言却常常被人们忽略。
在进行跨文化交流的过程中，身体语言尤为重要。
作者以拉丁美洲人和挪威人为例进行了阐述。
最后作者指出，不管什么情况，最好的建议是：你想别人怎么对待你，你就怎样对待别人。
36. B考查副词的比较级及语境理解。
身体语言比语言表达的意思更响亮，更清楚。
此处louder意为：声音更大，即更有说服力。
如：谚语Facts speak louder than words.(事实胜于雄辩。
)37. D考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。
据专家称：我们的身体发出比我们意识到的更多的信息。
sound声音；invitation邀请；feeling感觉；message信息。
38. D考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。
实际上，非语言交际约占据了我们真正想表达的意思的50%的分量。
hope希望；receive接收；discover发现；mean意思是。
39. C考查形容词词义辨析。
当我们进行跨文化交流时，身体语言显得尤为重要。
immediate 立刻的；misleading 误导的；important重要的；difficult困难的。
40. C考查形容词的用法。
事实上，身体语言常常是被我们忽略得很多的一部分。
41. A考查语境理解。
下文中以拉丁美洲人和挪威人为例，说明不同的社会群体对待距离的态度是不同的。
42. B考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。
不同的社会群体对待人们之间接触的距离是不同的。
trade交易；distance 距离；connection联系；greeting问候。
43. C考查语境理解。
即使是朋友，北欧人通常也不喜欢身体的接触，当然更不用说陌生人了。
eye 眼睛，眼神；verbal 言辞的；bodily身体的；telephone电话。
44. A考查名词词义辨析。
北欧人通常不喜欢身体的接触，即使是朋友，当然更不用说陌生人了。
高考数学三角函数与解三角真题训练100题含参考答案
（2）求 在 上的单调增区间.
89．已知函数f（x）=2sin ωx cos ωx+ cos 2ωx（ω>0）的最小正周期为π.
（Ⅰ）求ω的值；
（Ⅱ）求f（x）的单调递增区间.
90．已知向量 ， ， .
(1)求函数 的最小正周期及 取得最大值时对应的 的值；
(2)在锐角三角形 中，角 、 、 的对边为 、 、 ，若 ， ，求三角形 面积的最大值并说明此时该三角形的形状.
A．90°B．60°C．45°D．30°
39．已知函数 的部分图像如图所示，将 图像上所有点的横坐标缩小到原来的 （纵坐标不变），所得图像对应的函数 解析式为（）
A． B．
C． D．
40．函数 在 的图象大致为（）
A． B．
C． D．
41．已知 ， ，则 的值为
A． B． C． D．
42．已知 中，角 ， ， 所对的边分别为 ， ， ．已知 ， ， 的面积 ，则 的外接圆的直径为（）
19．如图，在扇形OAB中， ，半径OA=2，在 上取一点M，连接OM，过M点分别向线段OA，OB作垂线，垂足分别为E，F，得到一个四边形MEOF.设 ，则四边形MEOF的面积为（）
A． B．
C． D．
20．设 ， ， 为同一平面内具有相同起点的任意三个非零向量，且满足 与 不共线，
， ，则 的值一定等于（）
55．在 中， ， ， ，则 ________.
56．在锐角 中， ， ， 分别为角 ， ， 的对边，且 ， ，则 面积的取值范围为______．
57．用列举法写出 __________.
58．在△ABC中，∠B=75°，∠C=60°，c=1，则最小边的边长为______________________ .
2025届高考语文复习：历年优质真题、模拟题专项(病句)练习(附答案)
2025届高考语文复习：历年优质真题、模拟题专项(病句)练习 1．[2024ꞏ济南模拟]下面的文段有四处语言表达的问题，请指出有问题句子的序号并做修改，使语言表达准确流畅。
①科学家不仅要承担科研任务，更重要的是应该担负起科普的责任。
②当前，随着互联网、自媒体等迅猛发展，③科学家应当充分运用这些现代传播工具，④做好科普工作，更好地服务大众。
⑤应当借鉴国外科普工作的经验，⑥设立国家科普基金，⑦科普评价激励机制逐步完善，⑧鼓励科学家抽出更多的时间和精力投入科普工作中，⑨开创我国科普工作的新局面。
答：2．下面文段有四处语病，请指出其序号并做修改，使语言表达准确流畅。
近年来，①我国的电子书阅读率发生了快速增长，②呈现出良好的发展态势。
③根据统计数据显示，④2000年国内网上的阅读率仅为3.9%，⑤2012年上升到41.7%，⑥电子书的阅读人数更是达到了2.95亿。
⑦截止目前，⑧我国已经有接近20%的网民养成了通过互联网阅读时事新闻的习惯，⑨16%的人群养成了电子阅读的习惯，⑩而且有越来越多的读者开始将注意力转移到电子书上。
答：3．下面一段话中有三个句子，其中一句有语病，请指出并针对语病进行修改。
修改后的句子需保持原意。
①在长江三峡中，瞿塘峡最为雄奇险峻，峡内有不少令人惊叹的名胜古迹。
②在瞿塘峡北岸绝壁上，有一条沿江修建、全长65千米的古栈道，连通奉节白帝城与巫山青莲溪，全程异常艰险，这就是著名的夔巫古栈道。
③瞿塘峡南岸的白盐山有一处巨大的临江石壁，上面书写着自宋以来的篆、隶、楷、行等字体的数十块摩崖石刻，气势恢宏，与瞿塘峡雄伟的气势相得益彰。
有语病的句子是： 。
(只填序号)针对语病的修改： 。
4．下面文段有四处语病，请指出其序号并做修改，使语言表达准确流畅。
''北京时间10月5日下午，①2020年诺贝尔奖“开奖周”正式拉开帷幕。
②本次诺贝尔生理学或医学奖三位科学家获得，③他们鉴定出了一种新型病毒，即丙型肝炎病毒。
高考真题与模拟训练 专题10 等差数列(解析版)
专题10 等差数列第一部分 真题部分一、选择题1．（2021·北京高考真题）{}n a 和{}n b 是两个等差数列，其中()15kk a k b ≤≤为常值，1288a =，596=a ，1192b =，则3b =（ ）A ．64B ．128C ．256D ．512【答案】B【解析】由已知条件可得5115a a b b =，则51519619264288a b b a ⨯===，因此，1531926412822b b b ++===.故选：B.2．（2021·北京高考真题）数列{}n a 是递增的整数数列，且13a ≥，12100n aa a ++⋅⋅⋅+=，则n 的最大值为（ ）A ．9B ．10C ．11D ．12【答案】C【解析】若要使n 尽可能的大，则1a ，递增幅度要尽可能小，不妨设数列{}n a 是首项为3，公差为1的等差数列，其前n 项和为n S ，则2n a n =+，1131311881002S +=⨯=<，12314121021002S +=⨯=>，所以n 的最大值为11.故选：C.3．（2020·浙江高考真题）已知等差数列{a n }的前n 项和S n ，公差d ≠0，11a d ≤．记b 1=S 2，b n+1=S 2n+2–S 2n ，n *∈N ，下列等式不可能成立的是（ ）A ．2a 4=a 2+a 6B ．2b 4=b 2+b 6C ．2428a a a =D ．2428b b b =【答案】D【解析】对于A ，因为数列{}n a 为等差数列，所以根据等差数列的下标和性质，由4426+=+可得，4262a a a =+，A 正确；对于B ，由题意可知，21212222n n n n n b S a a S ++++=+=-，1212b S a a ==+，∴234b a a =+，478b a a =+，61112b a a =+，81516b a a =+．∴()47822b a a =+，26341112b b a a a a +=+++．根据等差数列的下标和性质，由31177,41288+=++=+可得()26341112784=2=2b b a a a a a a b +=++++，B 正确；对于C ，()()()()2224281111137222a a a a d a d a d d a d d d a -=+-++=-=-，当1a d=时，2428a a a =，C 正确；对于D ，()()22222478111213452169b a a a d a a d d =+=+=++，()()()()2228341516111125229468145b b a a a a a d a d a a d d =++=++=++，()22428112416832b b b d a d d d a -=-=-．当0d >时，1a d≤，∴()113220d a d d a -=+->即24280b b b ->；当0d <时，1a d ≥，∴()113220d a d d a -=+-<即24280b b b ->，所以24280b b b ->，D 不正确．故选：D.4．（2019·全国高考真题（理））记nS 为等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和．已知4505S a ==，，则A ．25n a n =-B ． 310n a n =-C ．228n S n n=-D ．2122n S n n =-【答案】A【解析】由题知，41514430245d S a a a d ⎧=+⨯⨯=⎪⎨⎪=+=⎩，解得132a d =-⎧⎨=⎩，∴25n a n =-，故选A ．二、填空题5．（2021·江苏高考真题）已知等比数列{}n a 的公比为q ，且116a ，24a ，3a 成等差数列，则q 的值是___________.【答案】4【解析】因为{}n a 为等比数列，且公比为q ，所以21a a q=⋅，231a a q =⋅且10a ≠，q ≠.因为116a ，24a ，3a 成等差数列，所以1321624a a a +=⨯，有21111624a a q a q+⋅=⨯⋅，28160q q -+=，解得4q =.故答案为：4.6．（2020·海南高考真题）将数列{2n –1}与{3n –2}的公共项从小到大排列得到数列{a n }，则{a n }的前n 项和为________．【答案】232n n-【解析】因为数列{}21n -是以1为首项，以2为公差的等差数列，数列{}32n -是以1首项，以3为公差的等差数列，所以这两个数列的公共项所构成的新数列{}n a 是以1为首项，以6为公差的等差数列，所以{}n a 的前n 项和为2(1)16322n n n n n -⋅+⋅=-，故答案为：232n n-.7．（2020·全国高考真题（文））记nS 为等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和．若1262,2a a a =-+=，则10S =__________．【答案】25【解析】{}n a 是等差数列，且12a =-，262a a +=设{}n a 等差数列的公差d根据等差数列通项公式：()11n a a n d+-=可得1152a d a d +++=即：()2252d d -++-+=整理可得：66d =解得：1d =根据等差数列前n项和公式：*1(1),2n n n S na d n N -=+∈可得：()1010(101)1022045252S ⨯-=-+=-+=∴1025S =.故答案为：25.8．（2019·江苏高考真题）已知数列*{}()n a n ∈N 是等差数列，nS 是其前n 项和.若25890,27a a a S +==，则8S 的值是_____.【答案】16.【解析】由题意可得：()()()25811191470989272a a a a d a d a d S a d ⎧+=++++=⎪⎨⨯=+=⎪⎩，解得：152a d =-⎧⎨=⎩，则8187840282162S a d ⨯=+=-+⨯=.9．（2019·全国高考真题（理））记S n 为等差数列{a n }的前n 项和，12103a a a =≠，，则105S S =___________.【答案】4.【解析】因213a a =，所以113a d a +=，即12a d =，所以105S S =11111091010024542552a d a a a d ⨯+==⨯+．三、解答题10．（2021·天津高考真题）已知{}n a 是公差为2的等差数列，其前8项和为64．{}n b 是公比大于0的等比数列，1324,48b b b =-=．（I ）求{}n a 和{}n b 的通项公式；（II ）记2*1,n n nc b b n N =+∈，（i ）证明{}22nn cc -是等比数列；（ii）证明)*nk n N =<∈【答案】（I ）21,n a n n N *=-∈，4,n n N b n *=∈；（II ）（i ）证明见解析；（ii ）证明见解析.【解析】（I ）因为{}n a 是公差为2的等差数列，其前8项和为64．所以12818782642a a a a ⨯++⋅⋅⋅+=+⨯=，所以11a =，所以()12121,n n n n N a a *=+-=-∈；设等比数列{}n b 的公比为(),0q q >，所以()221321484q b b b q q b q ==-=--，解得4q =（负值舍去），所以114,n n n b q n N b -*==∈；（II ）（i ）由题意，221441n n n n n b c b =++=，所以22224211442444n n nn nnn c c ⎛⎫⎛⎫=+-+=⋅ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭-，所以220n n c c ≠-，且212222124424n n n n n n c c c c +++⋅==⋅--，所以数列{}22nn cc -是等比数列；（ii ）由题意知，()()22122222121414242222n n nn n n n n n a n n c c a +-+-==<-⋅⋅⋅，12n n-<==，所以112nn k k k k-==<，设10121112322222nn k n k k nT --===+++⋅⋅⋅+∑，则123112322222n nnT =+++⋅⋅⋅+，两式相减得21111111122121222222212n n n n n n n n n T -⎛⎫⋅- ⎪+⎝⎭=+++⋅⋅⋅+-=-=--，所以1242n n n T -+=-，所以1112422nn k n k k k n --==+⎫<=-<⎪⎭.11．（2021·全国高考真题）记nS 是公差不为0的等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和，若35244,a S a a S ==．（1）求数列{}n a 的通项公式n a ；（2）求使n nS a >成立的n 的最小值．【答案】(1)26n a n =-；(2)7.【解析】(1)由等差数列的性质可得：535S a =，则：3335,0a a a =∴=，设等差数列的公差为d ，从而有：()()22433a a a d a d d =-+=-，()()()41234333322S a a a a a d a d a a d d=+++=-+-++-=-，从而：22d d-=-，由于公差不为零，故：2d =，数列的通项公式为：()3326n a a n d n =+-=-.(2)由数列的通项公式可得：1264a =-=-，则：()()214252n n n S n n n-=⨯-+⨯=-，则不等式n nS a >即：2526n n n ->-，整理可得：()()160n n -->，解得：1n <或6n >，又n 为正整数，故n 的最小值为7.12．（2021·全国高考真题）已知数列{}n a 满足11a =，11,,2,.n n n a n a a n ++⎧=⎨+⎩为奇数为偶数（1）记2n nb a =，写出1b ，2b ，并求数列{}n b 的通项公式；（2）求{}n a 的前20项和.【答案】（1）122,5b b ==；（2）300.【解析】（1）由题设可得121243212,1215b a a b a a a ==+===+=++=又22211k k a a ++=+，2122k k a a +=+，*()k N ∈故2223k k a a +=+，即13n n b b +=+，即13n n b b +-=所以{}n b 为等差数列，故()21331n b n n =+-⨯=-.（2）设{}n a 的前20项和为20S ，则2012320S a a a a =++++ ，因为123419201,1,,1a a a a a a =-=-=- ，所以()20241820210S a a a a =++++- ()1291091021021023103002b b b b ⨯⎛⎫=++++-=⨯⨯+⨯-= ⎪⎝⎭.13．（2021·全国高考真题（理））已知数列{}n a 的各项均为正数，记n S 为{}n a 的前n 项和，从下面①②③中选取两个作为条件，证明另外一个成立．①数列{}n a 是等差数列：②数列{是等差数列；③213a a =．注：若选择不同的组合分别解答，则按第一个解答计分．【答案】答案见解析【解析】选①②作条件证明③：(0)an b a =+>，则()2n S an b =+，当1n =时，()211a S a b ==+；当2n ≥时，()()221n n n a S S an b an a b -=-=+--+()22a an a b =-+；因为{}n a 也是等差数列，所以()()222a b a a a b +=-+，解得0b =；所以()221n a a n =-，所以213a a =.选①③作条件证明②：因为213a a =，{}n a 是等差数列，所以公差2112d a a a =-=，所以()21112n n n S na d n a -=+==，)1n =+=，所以是等差数列.选②③作条件证明①：(0)an b a =+>，则()2n S an b =+，当1n =时，()211a S a b ==+；当2n ≥时，()()221n n n a S S an b an a b -=-=+--+()22a an a b =-+；因为213a a =，所以()()2323a a b a b +=+，解得0b =或43a b =-；当0b =时，()221,21n a a a a n ==-，当2n ≥时，2-1-2n n a a a =满足等差数列的定义，此时{}n a 为等差数列；当43a b =-4=3an b an a =+-3a=-<不合题意，舍去.综上可知{}n a 为等差数列.14．（2021·全国高考真题（理））记n S 为数列{}n a 的前n 项和，n b 为数列{}n S 的前n 项积，已知212n nS b +=．（1）证明：数列{}n b 是等差数列;（2）求{}n a 的通项公式．【答案】（1）证明见解析；（2）()3,121,21n n a n n n ⎧=⎪⎪=⎨⎪-≥+⎪⎩.【解析】（1）由已知212n n S b +=得221n n n b S b =-,且0n b ≠，12n b ≠,取1n =,由1a 得132b =,由于n b 为数列{}n S 的前n 项积，所以1212222212121n nn b b b b b b b ⋅⋅⋅⋅=---,所以1121121222212121n n n b b b b b b b +++⋅⋅⋅⋅=---，所以111221n n n n b bb b +++=-,由于10n b +≠所以12121n n b b +=-，即112n n b b +-=,其中*n N ∈所以数列{}n b 是以132b =为首项，以12d =为公差等差数列;（2）由（1）可得，数列{}n b 是以132b =为首项，以12d =为公差的等差数列，()3111222n nb n ∴=+-⨯=+,22211n n n b nS b n +==-+,当n =1时，1132a S ==,当n ≥2时,()121111n n n n n a S S n n n n -++=-=-=-++,显然对于n =1不成立,∴()3,121,21n n a n n n ⎧=⎪⎪=⎨⎪-≥+⎪⎩.15．（2019·江苏高考真题）定义首项为1且公比为正数的等比数列为“M －数列”.（1）已知等比数列{a n }满足：245132,440a a a a a a =-+=，求证:数列{a n }为“M －数列”；（2）已知数列{b n }满足:111221,n n n b S b b +==-，其中S n 为数列{b n }的前n 项和．①求数列{b n }的通项公式；②设m 为正整数，若存在“M －数列”{c n }，对任意正整数k ，当k ≤m 时，都有1k k k c b c +……成立，求m的最大值．【答案】（1）见解析；（2）①b n=n()*n ∈N ；②5.【解析】（1）设等比数列{a n }的公比为q ，所以a 1≠0，q ≠0.由245321440a a a a a a =⎧⎨-+=⎩，得244112111440a q a q a q a q a ⎧=⎨-+=⎩，解得112a q =⎧⎨=⎩．因此数列{}n a 为“M —数列”.（2）①因为1122n n n S b b +=-，所以0n b ≠．由1111,b S b ==得212211b =-，则22b =.由1122n n n S b b +=-，得112()n n n n n b b S b b ++=-，当2n ≥时，由1n n n b S S -=-，得()()111122n n n nn n n n n b b b b b b b b b +-+-=---，整理得112n n nb b b +-+=．所以数列{b n }是首项和公差均为1的等差数列.因此，数列{b n}的通项公式为b n=n ()*n N ∈.②由①知，b k =k ，*k N ∈.因为数列{c n }为“M –数列”，设公比为q ，所以c 1=1，q >0.因为c k≤b k≤c k+1，所以1k kq k q-≤≤，其中k=1，2，3，…，m.当k=1时，有q≥1；当k=2，3，…，m时，有ln lnln1 k kqk k≤≤-．设f（x）=ln(1)xxx>，则21ln()xf'xx-=．令()0f'x=，得x=e.列表如下：x(1,e)e(e，+∞) ()f'x+0–f（x）极大值因为ln2ln8ln9ln32663=<=，所以maxln3()(3)3f k f==．取q=k=1，2，3，4，5时，lnlnkqk…，即kk q≤，经检验知1kq k-≤也成立．因此所求m的最大值不小于5．若m≥6，分别取k=3，6，得3≤q3，且q5≤6，从而q15≥243，且q15≤216，所以q不存在.因此所求m的最大值小于6.综上，所求m的最大值为5．16．（2019·北京高考真题（文））设{a n}是等差数列，a1=–10，且a2+10，a3+8，a4+6成等比数列．（Ⅰ）求{a n}的通项公式；（Ⅱ）记{a n}的前n项和为S n，求S n的最小值．【答案】（Ⅰ）212na n=-；（Ⅱ）30-.【解析】（Ⅰ）设等差数列{}n a 的公差为d ，因为234+10+8+6a a a ，，成等比数列，所以2324(+8)(+10)(+6)a a a =，即2(22)(34)d d d -=-，解得2d =，所以102(1)212na n n =-+-=-.（Ⅱ）由（Ⅰ）知212n a n =-,所以22102121112111(224n n S n n n n -+-=⨯=-=--；当5n =或者6n =时，nS 取到最小值30-.第二部分 模拟训练1．若数列{}n a 为等差数列，且16a π=，32a π=，则20cos a =（ ）A ．12B ．2C ．12-D ．【答案】C【解析】3126a a d π-==201101963a a ππ=+⋅=201041cos coscos cos 3332a ππππ⎛⎫===+=- ⎪⎝⎭故选：C 2．记nS 为数列{}n a 的前项和，已知点(,)n n a 在直线102y x=-上，若有且只有两个正整数n 满足n S k≥，则实数k 的取值范围是（ ）A ．(8,14]B ．(14,18]C ．(18,20]D ．81(18,]4【答案】C【解析】解：由已知可得102n a n=-，由12n n a a --=-，所以数列{}n a 为等差数列，首项为8，公差为-2，所以2(1)8(2)92n n n S n n n -=+⨯-=-+，当n =4或5时，nS 取得最大值为20，因为有且只有两个正整数n 满足n S k≥，所以满足条件的4n =和5n =，因为3618S S ==，所以实数k 的取值范围是(]18,20．故选：C ．3．已知nS 为等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和，3518a S +=-，63a a =-，则下列数值中最大的是（ ）A ．416SB ．525S C ．636S D ．749S 【答案】D【解析】设等差数列{}n a 的公差为d ， 3518a S +=-，63a a =-，()111154+2+5+182+5+2a d a d a d a d ⨯⎧=-⎪∴⎨⎪=-⎩，解得17a =-，2d =，()217282n n n S n n n-=-+⨯=-，281n S n n∴=-，可得2n S n ⎧⎫⎨⎬⎩⎭是单调递增数列，所以在416S ，525S ，536S ，749S 中，最大的为749S ．故选：D.4．在正项等比数列{}n a 中.24a =.416a =.满足123m a a a a =21m a +.则m =（ ）A ．4B ．3C ．5D ．8【答案】A【解析】由题意得公比2q ===，首项21422a a q ===，∴111222n n nn a a q --==⨯=，由21231m m a a a a a += ，()(1)12212331 (2)2222222m m m m m++++++=== 可得(1)2(1)222m m m ++=，解得4m =,故选：A.5．已知数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ，且21122n S n n =+，若()1211n nn n n b a a ++=-⋅，则数列{}n b 的前n 项和n T =______.【答案】,12,1nn n n T n n n ⎧-⎪⎪+=⎨+⎪-⎪+⎩为偶数为奇数【解析】21122n S n n =+，当1n =时，111a S ==，当2n ≥时，()()2211111112222n n n a S S n n n n n-⎡⎤=-=+--+-=⎢⎥⎣⎦，满足11a =，n a n∴=，()()()()12111++121111+1nn n n n n n n b a n n a n n +++=-⋅=-⋅=⎛⎫∴⋅ ⎪⎝⎭-，当n 为偶数时，111111111+122334111n n T n n n n ⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫=-++-++++=-+=- ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪+++⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭ ，当n 为奇数时，1111111121+122334111n n T n n n n +⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫=-++-++-+=--=- ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪+++⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭ ，,12,1n n n n T n n n ⎧-⎪⎪+∴=⎨+⎪-⎪+⎩为偶数为奇数.故答案为：,12,1nnn n T n n n ⎧-⎪⎪+=⎨+⎪-⎪+⎩为偶数为奇数6．数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ，23nn n a S +=，数列{}n b 满足()()211332n b n n a a n N *++=-∈，则数列{}n b 的前10项和为______．【答案】65【解析】由23nn n a S +=知：11123n n n a S ++++=，则1112233n nn n n n a S a S ++++--=-，得1323nn n a a +-=⨯，∴121323n n n a a +++-=⨯，而()()211332n b n n a a n N *++=-∈，∴1n b n =+，故数列{}n b 的前10项和为1010(211)652T ⨯+==，故答案为：65.7．设公差不为0的等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S .若数列{}n a 满足：存在三个不同的正整数,,r s t ，使得,,r s t a a a 成等比数列，222,,r s t a a a 也成等比数列，则1990nnS S a +的最小值为___________.【答案】45【解析】设1(1)n a a n d=+-，0d ≠，由题意,,r s t a a a 成等比数列，s t r s a a a a =，所以s t s t r s r s a a a a s ta a a a r s --===--，222,,r s t a a a 也成等比数列，2222s t r s a a a a =，所以222222222222s t s t r s r s a a a a s t s ta a a a r s r s ---====---，所以s t r s a a a a =2222s t r s a a a a ==，所以s t r s a a a a =2222s t r s a a a a ==2222s s r r a a s s s a a r r r --===--，1111(1)(1)s r a a s d a d sd s a a r d a d rd r +--+===+--+，所以10a d -=，1d a =．1111(1)99099099012(1)22nnn n a na dS S n a a n d n -+++==+++-，4445<<，设9901()22n f n n =++，由勾形函数性质知()f n在上递减，在)+∞上递增，又*n N ∈，(45)45f =，990441(44)454422f =++=，所以()f n 的最小值为45．即1990nnS S a +的最小值为45．故答案为：45．8．已知定义在[0,)+∞上的函数()f x 满足()()151,0222,2x x f x f x x ⎧--≤<⎪=⎨--≥⎪⎩.设()f x 在[)()*22,2n n n -∈N 上的最大值记作na ，nS 为数列{}n a 的前n 项和，则n S 的最大值为___________.【答案】64【解析】由题意，函数()()151,0222,2x x f x f x x ⎧--≤<⎪=⎨--≥⎪⎩，当1n =时，[0,2)x ∈，此时()151f x x =--，此时函数()f x 在[0,2)上的最大值为()1151115f =--=，所以115a =，当2n =时，[2,4)x ∈，此时()()22f x f x =--，此时2[0,2)x -∈，所以()()2215212133f x f x x x =--=----=--，此时函数()f x 在[2,4)[0,2)上的最大值为()3133313f =--=，所以213a =，当[22,2)x n n ∈-时，()15[(22)]2(1)15(22)12(1)f x f x n n x n n =-----=------，此时函数()f x 的最大值为()172f n n=-，所以172n a n =-，当18,n n N +≤≤∈时，n a >，当9,n n N +≥∈时，n a <，所以n S 的最大值为8818()8(151)6422a S a +⨯+===.故答案为：64.9．设等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ，首项11a =，且41412S S -=.数列{}n b 的前n 项和为nT，且满足111,21n n b b T +==+.（1）求数列{}n a 和{}n b 的通项公式；（2）求数列n n a b ⎧⎫⎨⎬⎩⎭的前n 项和.【答案】（1）21n a n =-，13n n b -=；（2）1133n n n T -+=-.【解析】解：（1）设数列{}n a 的公差为d ，且11a =，又41412S S -=，则()12341412312a a a a a d +++-=++=，所以2d =，则1(1)221n a n n =+-⋅=-；由121n n b T +=+可得121(2)n n b T n -=+≥，两式相减得12n n n b b b +-=，13(2)n n b b n +=≥，又21213b T =+=，所以213b b =，故{}n b 是首项为1，公比为3的等比数列，所以13n n b -=.（2）设1213nn n n a n c b --==，记{}n c 的前n 项和为n T .则0121135213333n n n T --=++++ ，12311352133333n n n T -=++++ ，两式相减得：121222221133333n n n n T --=++++- ，11112212233122133313n n n n n n T -⎛⎫⨯- ⎪-+⎝⎭=+⨯-=--，所以1133n n n T -+=-.10．已知数列{}n a 满足31212311212121212n n n a a a a ++++=-++++L ，n *∈N ．（1）求数列{}n a 的通项公式；（2）设等差数列{}n b 的前n 项和为n S ，且21122n S n n k =-+，令2n n n c b a kn =-+，求数列{}n c 的前n 项和n T ．【答案】（1）112n n a =--；（2）()11122n n n n T +=+- ．【解析】（1）当1n =时，11132a =-，132a ∴=-；当2n ≥时，由31212311212121212nn n a aa a ++++=-++++L ，①得31121231111212121212n n n a a a a ---++++=-++++L ，②①-②得，111121222nn n n n a -=-=-+，112n n a ∴=--，132=-a 也符合，因此，数列{}n a 的通项公式为112n n a =--；（2）由题意，设等差数列{}n b 的公差为d ，则()221111122222n n n ddd S nb n b n n n k -⎛⎫=+=+-=-+ ⎪⎝⎭，11221220d d b k ⎧=⎪⎪⎪∴-=-⎨⎪=⎪⎪⎩，解得，1010b d k =⎧⎪=⎨⎪=⎩，()111n b b n d n ∴=+-=-；由（1）知，212n n n n c b a kn n =-+=+，故123231*********2n n n T c c c c n ⎛⎫=++++=+++++++++ ⎪⎝⎭L L L ()()111111*********n n n n n n ⎛⎫- ⎪++⎝⎭=+=+--．11．已知数列{}n a 满足0n a ≠恒成立.（1）若221n n n a a ka ++=且0n a >，当{}lg n a 成等差数列时，求k 的值；（2）若2212n n n a a a ++=且0n a >，当11a =、4a =2a 以及n a 的通项公式；（3）若21312n n n n a a a a +++=-，11a =-，3[4,8]a ∈，20200a <，设n S 是{}n a 的前n 项之和，求2020S 的最大值.【答案】（1）1 ；（2）2a =，(()21n n a -=；（3）505143-【解析】（1）若221n n n a a ka ++=且0n a >，所以221lg lg n n n a a ka ++=，即21lg lg 2lg lg n n n a a k a ++=++，当{}lg n a 成等差数列时，21lg lg 2lg n n n a a a ++=+，所以lg 0k =，解得：1k = ；（2）2212n n n a a a ++=，令1n =可得21322a a a =，即2322a a =，令2n =可得22432a a a =，即2232a =所以42224a =⨯，因为0n a >，所以32a =，解得2a =，由2212n n n a a a ++=可得2112n nn n a a a a +++=，所以1n n a a +⎧⎫⎨⎬⎩⎭是首项为21aa =2的等比数列，所以112n n n a a -+=，所以0212a a =，1322a a =，2432a a =，212n n n a a --=，以上式子累乘得：(()(()()((()()(()21211112101222122n n n n n n n n n n a a --------++++-=⨯=⨯=⨯= ，所以(()21n n a -=，（3）由21312n n n n a a a a +++=-可得132412n n n n a a a a ++++=-，所以22424111224n n n n n n a a a a a a +++++⎛⎫=-- ⎪=⎝⎭⨯，因为0n a ≠，所以414n n a a +=，即44n n a a +=，所以2505504202020162012444444k k a a a a a -===== ，因为20200a <，所以504440a <，所以40a <，因为213412a a a a =-，所以341220a a a a =+即2432a a a =，()()()202015920172610201837112019S a a a a a a a a a a a a =++++++++++++++ ()48122020a a a a +++++ ()()250425041214441444a a =+++++++++ ()250431444a +++++ ()250441444a +++++ ()()250412341444a a a a =+++++++ ，因为2432a a a =，3[4,8]a ∈，所以240a a >，因为40a <，所以20a <，所以()24a a +-≥=-，可得24a a +≤-，所以123431a a a a a +++≤-+-，令31y a =-+-，设2,t ⎡=⎣，21y t =--，对称轴为t =，是开口向上的抛物线，在2,t ⎡∈⎣单调递增，所以t =时取得最大值，故1234a a a a +++最大值为(211--=-，所以()()2504202012341444S a a a a =+++++++ 最大值为50550514141143---⨯=-.。
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【分析】
本题主要考查人口增长的有关知识，意在考查学生读图分析问题的能力，总体难度一般。
5．读图可知，1980-2015年我国妇女总和生育率先增加后降低，然后再增加，总和生育率总体呈下降趋势，新生儿数量波动减少，A错。劳动年龄人口数量受多重因素影响，与短时间内的总和生育率关系不大，B错。由于总和生育率降低，所以人口出生率降低，自然增长率降低，老年人口比重上升，C对。人口自然增长率降低，但不会在短时间内变为负值，D错。故选C。
2．C
【解析】
【分析】
本题主要考查电商的优势及对区域农业发展的影响，意在考查学生理解问题、知识迁移的能力，总体难度一般。
1．电商在中东部地区将西北地区出产的农产品加工、包装、销售是由于中东部地区与西北地区地域差异大，且经济相对发达，西北地区的特色农产品具有广阔的消费市场，A对。东部地区经济发达，土地成本高，B错。加工、包装、销售农产品毒药人才需求不很迫切，C错。农产品的生产地与市场之间的距离不会因在何处包装、加工而产生变化，D错。故选A。
4．图中折线反映了
A．城镇人口比重显著下降
B．第一产业产值逐年下降
C．第三产业发展是城市化的主要动力
D．第二产业比重变化与城市化正相关
总和生育率是妇女在生育年龄期间，平均每人生育的子女数，数值低于2.1为低生育水平，下图为1980-2015年我国妇女总和生育率变化图。
完成下列各题。
5．1980-2015年，我国
A．地表蒸发B．植物截留和蒸腾
C．地下径流D．转化为固态水
15．甲表示的自然带是
A．山地落叶阔叶林带B．山地草原带
C．山地常绿阔叶林带D．荒漠带
下图为“某国2017年人口年龄结构金字塔图”。读图完成下面小题。
16．导致该国青壮年性别比严重失衡的因素是
A．政局动荡B．生育观念C．资源开发D．自然灾害
17．该国最可能位于
(1)根据支流的分布特征，分析图示额尔齐斯河流域降水分布特点及成因。
(2)分析图示额尔齐斯河流域适合白斑狗鱼生长繁殖的自然条件。
(3)说明白斑狗鱼产量低的原因。
25．（题文）（旅游地理）阅读材料，完成下列问题。
日本岐阜县白川乡的合掌村，被誉为“日本传统风味十足的美丽乡村”。该村坐落在海拔较高的山地中，冬季多暴雪。村中的“合掌屋”（下图）最早建于300年前，屋顶坡度达60°，状如双手合掌，因此得名。合掌屋全部采用当地木材建造，这种传统保留至今，合掌屋与穿插其间的花草植物、小溪流水、水田水车等，构成了具有较高审美价值的乡村景观。
9．B
10．B
11．A
【解析】
9．高速公路一般较少经过小的居民点，D错误；该高速公路地处我国西南地区，车流量较小，A错误；两路段雾霾天气不严重，C错误；据图可知，该高速公路是从重庆到贵州的毕节，沿途地势起伏较大，坡度陡，因此乙和丁路段平均限速较低，B正确。故选B。
10．据题干知为7月份，太阳直射点在北半球，此时除极昼极夜区外各地均东北日出西北方日落，四个选项均为上午时段，太阳从东侧照射，且客车向南行驶，题干要求为免受阳光长时间照射且能欣赏窗外风景，因此应右侧靠窗，AC排除；据图可知，从重庆到遵义里程240千米，时速80的话，也需要3个小时，若12:00出发则下午时段太阳会照射到，B正确D错误。故选B。
7．影响农业废弃物分散分布的主要因素是
A．土地B．技术C．资金D．劳动力
8．与分散处理农业废弃物相比，集中处理的主要目的是
A．促进产业集聚B．降低运输成本C．提高规模效益D．促进产业协作
小明同学7月从重庆出发到贵州毕节旅游，收集到的相关高速公路信息如下图所示。据此完成下列各题。
9．乙路段和丁路段平均限速均较低的原因可能是这两条路段
A．新生儿数量持续增加
B．劳动年龄人口数量减少
C．老年人口比重呈上升趋势
D．人口自然增长率由正转负
6．1995年以来,我国总和生育率偏低的原因有
①女性人口比重低②子女养育成本高
③医疗卫生条件改善④妇女生育观念改变
A．①②B．①③C．②④D．③④
近年来，浙江多地将农作物秸科、农药包装物等分散分布的农业废弃物收集起来，集中进行循环利用或无害化处理，完成下列各题。
复习高考真题练习
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、单选题
我国西北地区盛产苹果、梨、红枣、核桃等特色农产品，电商企业从西北地区采购农产品在中、东部地区进行加工、包装，并在网上大量销售。
完成下列各题。
1．电商企业在中、东部地区加工、包装、销售的主要优势是
（1）根据剑麻生长的气候条件和用途，说明我国国内剑麻纤维产需矛盾较大的原因。
（2）据图指出与其他地区相比，中国公司在基洛萨附近兴建剑麻农场的有利条件。
（3）说明剑麻收割后需要及时加工的原因。
（4）简述当地从中国公司兴建剑麻农场中获得的利益。
26．阅读图文资料，完成下列要求。
白斑狗鱼肉质细嫩，营养丰富，有“鱼中软黄金”之称，白斑狗鱼是肉食性鱼，适宜在16℃以下的水域产卵繁殖，分布于亚洲、欧洲和北美洲的北部冷水水域，栖息环境多为水质清澈、水草丛生的河流，在我国仅见于新疆的额尔齐斯河流域(下图)。额尔齐斯河是我国唯一属于北冰洋水系的河流。
11．影响气温的因素有纬度、地形、洋流、海陆位置等。重庆地处四川盆地，盆地地形不易散热，毕节地处云贵高原，海拔较高，因此气温较低。故选A。
【点睛】第1题考查了考生的区域认知能力，重庆为“山城”，毕节、遵义属于贵州省，云贵高原“地无三尺平”，所以限速的是地形。第2题考查了地球运动的相关知识，但是需要结合图例进行分析，也属于生活中的地理问题，很好地考查了学生运用地理问题解决实际问题的能力。首先是要掌握地球运动的相关知识，即7月份图示区域日出东北，日落西北；结合客车向南行驶，要向欣赏风景，需靠右侧坐；其次要结合图例信息，从重庆到遵义240km，限速是80，即最少需要3小时，从遵义到毕节205km，限速100，即最少需要2.05小时，即全程最少需要5.05个小时，即只有8点出发，才能避免长时间的太阳照射。第3题考查的还是区域认知能力，即对区域地形的认知，不难。
2．电商销售农产品，可以使得销售范围扩大，销售量增大，有利于西北地区特色农业的规模化、专业化、商品化水平的提高，而自给率会降低，故选C。
3．A
4．C
【解析】
【分析】
本题主要考查三次产业及城市化的有关知识，意在考查学生读图分析问题的能力，总体难度一般。
3．读图可知，图中④所占比重最小，应为农业（第一产业），而②③比值较高，应为第三产业及第二产业，随着经济发展，第三产业比重上升，则②为第三产业，③为第二产业，再结合数值来看，浙江省的城市化水平应高于我国平均水平，大约在60-80%左右，所以①为城镇人口比重，故选A。
6．总和生育率是新生儿数量与育龄妇女比值，与女性人口比重高低无关，①错。由于社会经济发展水平提高，子女养育成本高，使得妇女生育率降低，②对。随着医疗卫生条件改善，影响人口平均寿命，对总和生育率影响不大，③错。由于妇女受教育水平提高，妇女生育观念发生变化，④对。故选C。
【点睛】
生育率水平是出生率水平的基础，一般说来，妇女生育率愈高，出生率也愈高；生育率愈低，出生率也愈低。出生率变动除受生育率影响外，还受育龄妇女人数在一个人口集团中所占比例大小的影响。在同一生育率水平下，育龄妇女比例大的人口集团，其出生率高。从整个国家范围来看，在一个时期内人口性别构成变动不大，对出生率变动影响小，但在一个地区，由于行业结构不同，人口的性别构成可能有很大差别。例如重工业城市女性人口比例小，妇女在同样生育率水平下，该地区的出生率就较低，主要受人口年龄构成的影响。
C．降雨后，可吸入颗粒物减少D．风向转为偏南风，风速降低
下图为“我国西部某山地北坡垂直带谱示意图”。据该山地海拔2500～3400m间的一小流域水量平衡实验资料，流域多年平均降水量为460mm，水量支出中蒸发占28%，下渗占2%，不产生地表径流。据此回答下面小题。
14．该小流域内水量支出占比最大的是
4．读图结合上题分析，①为城镇人口比重，②为第三产业，③为第二产业，④为第一产业，城镇人口比重上升，A错。第一产业比重略有降低，但是由于总产值升高，第一产业产值不一定降低，B错。第三产业与城镇人口比重变化为正相关的关系，是城市化动力，C对。第二产业比重变化与城市化呈负相关，D错。故选C。
5．C
6．C
A．车流量大B．平均坡度大C．雾霾天多D．两侧村庄多
10．小明若从重庆出发乘长途汽车经遵义至毕节，为免受阳光长时间照射且能欣赏窗外风景，以下出发时间和座位较好的是
A．6：00出发，左侧靠窗B．8：00出发，右侧靠窗
C．10：00出发，左侧靠窗D．12：00出发，右侧靠窗
11．避暑是小明此次旅游的目的之一。导致7月毕节气温较重庆低的主导因素是
降水序号
降水历时（天）
降水量/mm
汾川河洪峰情况
1
2
53．0
无明显洪峰
2
4
80．3
无明显洪峰
3
5
100．1
无明显洪峰
4
2
73．2
无明显洪峰
5
2
90．7
洪峰流量346m3/s
6
2
54．4
洪峰流量1750m3/s
20．汾川河流域植被覆盖率大幅度提高能够
A．减小降水变率B．减少河水含沙量C．增加降水量D．加大河流径流量
分析合掌村独特旅游景观的形成与自然环境的关系。
24．[地理——选修6：环境保护]
干旱区的柽柳为耐旱灌木，侧向枝条多，种子多，不易发生病虫害，移栽易成活。近年来，某东北林区的公路绿化中引种了柽柳，生长良好。然而不久，在公路两侧的天然林中，发现了柽柳幼苗。
分析该林区潜在的柽柳入侵天然林的危害。
参考答案